1
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Zhao W, Zheng XD, Tang PYZ, Li HM, Liu X, Zhong JJ, Tang YJ. Advances of antitumor drug discovery in traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products by using multi-active components combination. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1778-1808. [PMID: 37183170 DOI: 10.1002/med.21963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines has been widely recognized. Leading compounds such as sterols, glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and polyketides constitute their complex active components. The antitumor monomers derived from Chinese medicine possess an attractive anticancer activity. However, their use was limited by low bioavailability, significant toxicity, and side effects, hindering their clinical applications. Recently, new chemical entities have been designed and synthesized by combining natural drugs with other small drug molecules or active moieties to improve the antitumor activity and selectivity, and reduce side effects. Such a novel conjugated drug that can interact with several vital biological targets in cells may have a more significant or synergistic anticancer activity than a single-molecule drug. In addition, antitumor conjugates could be obtained by combining pharmacophores containing two or more known drugs or leading compounds. Based on these studies, the new drug research and development could be greatly shortened. This study reviews the research progress of conjugates with antitumor activity based on Chinese herbal medicine. It is expected to serve as a valuable reference to antitumor drug research and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Di Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Hong-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Jinan Intellectual Property Protection Center, Jinan, China
| | - Jian-Jiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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2
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Farhan N, Rageh Al-Maleki A, Ataei S, Muhamad Sarih N, Yahya R. Synthesis, DFT study, theoretical and experimental spectroscopy of fatty amides based on extra-virgin olive oil and their antibacterial activity. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106511. [PMID: 37027951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Medication products from natural materials are preferred due to their minimal side effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a highly acclaimed Mediterranean diet and a common source of lipids that lowers morbidity and disease severity. This study synthesised two fatty amides from EVOO: hydroxamic fatty acids (FHA) and fatty hydrazide hydrate (FHH). The Density Functional Theory (DFT) was applied to quantum mechanics computation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), and element analysis were used to characterise fatty amides. Likewise, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and timing kill assay were determined. The results revealed that 82 % for FHA and 80 % for FHH conversion were achieved. The amidation reagent/EVOO ratio (mmol: mmol) was 7:1, using the reaction time of 12 h and hexane as an organic solvent. The results further revealed that fatty amides have high antibacterial activity with low concentration at 0.04 μg/mL during eight h of FHA and 0.3 μg/mL during ten h of FHH. This research inferred that FHA and FHH could provide an alternative and effective therapeutic strategy for bacterial diseases. Current findings could provide the basis for the modernisation/introduction of novel and more effective antibacterial drugs derived from natural products.
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3
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Antoszczak M, Müller S, Cañeque T, Colombeau L, Dusetti N, Santofimia-Castaño P, Gaillet C, Puisieux A, Iovanna JL, Rodriguez R. Iron-Sensitive Prodrugs That Trigger Active Ferroptosis in Drug-Tolerant Pancreatic Cancer Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11536-11545. [PMID: 35696539 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Persister cancer cells represent rare populations of cells resistant to therapy. Cancer cells can exploit epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to adopt a drug-tolerant state that does not depend on genetic alterations. Small molecules that can interfere with cell plasticity or kill cells in a cell state-dependent manner are highly sought after. Salinomycin has been shown to kill cancer cells in the mesenchymal state by sequestering iron in lysosomes, taking advantage of the iron addiction of this cell state. Here, we report the chemo- and stereoselective synthesis of a series of structurally complex small molecule chimeras of salinomycin derivatives and the iron-reactive dihydroartemisinin. We show that these chimeras accumulate in lysosomes and can react with iron to release bioactive species, thereby inducing ferroptosis in drug-tolerant pancreatic cancer cells and biopsy-derived organoids of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This work paves the way toward the development of new cancer medicines acting through active ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nelson Dusetti
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Christine Gaillet
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alain Puisieux
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Juan Lucio Iovanna
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
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4
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Activity of singly and doubly modified derivatives of C20-epi-salinomycin against Staphylococcus strains. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022; 75:445-453. [PMID: 35760901 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Natural polyether ionophore salinomycin (Sal) has been widely used in veterinary medicine as an antibiotic effective in the treatment of coccidian protozoa and Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, chemical modification of the Sal structure has been found to be a promising strategy to generate semisynthetic analogs with biological activity profiles improved relative to those of the native compound. In this context, we synthesized and thoroughly evaluated the antibacterial potential of a library of C1/C20 singly and doubly modified derivatives of C20-epi-salinomycin, that is, analogs of Sal with inversed stereochemistry at the C20 position. Among the synthesized analog structures, the most promising antibacterial active agents were those obtained via regioselective O-acylation of C20-epi-hydroxyl, particularly esters 7, 9, and 11. Such C20 singly modified compounds showed excellent inhibitory activity against planktonic staphylococci, both standard and clinical strains, and revealed potential in preventing the formation of bacterial biofilms. In combination with their non-genotoxic properties, these Sal derivatives represent attractive candidates for further antimicrobial drug development.
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5
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Czerwonka D, Müller S, Cañeque T, Colombeau L, Huczyński A, Antoszczak M, Rodriguez R. Expeditive Synthesis of Potent C20- epi-Amino Derivatives of Salinomycin against Cancer Stem-Like Cells. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:214-221. [PMID: 35673680 PMCID: PMC9164233 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our studies toward the development of small molecules to selectively target cancer stem cells (CSCs), a library of 18 novel derivatives of salinomycin (Sal), a naturally occurring polyether ionophore, was synthesized with a good overall yield using a one-pot Mitsunobu-Staudinger procedure. Compared to the parent structure, the newly synthesized products contained the mono- or disubstituted C20-epi-amine groups. The biological activity of these compounds was evaluated against human mammary mesenchymal HMLER CD24low/CD44high cells, a well-established model of breast CSCs, and its isogenic epithelial cell line (HMLER CD24high/CD44low) lacking CSC properties. Importantly, the vast majority of Sal derivatives were characterized by low nanomolar activities, comparing favorably with previous data in the literature. Furthermore, some of these derivatives exhibited a higher selectivity for the mesenchymal state compared to the reference Sal and ironomycin, representing a promising new series of compounds with anti-CSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czerwonka
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.,Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.,Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
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6
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Li B, Wu J, Tang L, Lian X, Li Z, Duan W, Qin T, Zhao X, Hu Y, Zhang C, Li T, Hao J, Zhang W, Zhang J, Wu S. Synthesis and anti-tumor activity evaluation of salinomycin C20- O-alkyl/benzyl oxime derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:870-876. [PMID: 35006233 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02292j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen C20-O-alkyl/benzyl oxime derivatives were synthesized by a concise and effective method. Most of these derivatives showed tens to several hundred nanomolar IC50 values against HT-29 colorectal, HGC-27 gastric and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, whose antiproliferative activity is 15-240 fold better than that of salinomycin. The C20-oxime etherified derivatives can coordinate potassium ions, and further adjust the cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations in HT-29 cells. The significant improvement of the potency should be attributed to the better ion binding and transport ability of the modified derivatives. In addition, the C20-O-alkyl/benzyl oxime derivatives showed much better selectivity indexes (SI) than salinomycin, indicating that they present lower neurotoxic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Xu Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Zhongwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenfang Duan
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Tong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xintong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yuhua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Tianlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
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7
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Antoszczak M, Müller S, Colombeau L, Cañeque T, Rodriguez R. Rapid Access to Ironomycin Derivatives by Click Chemistry. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:222-228. [PMID: 35673682 PMCID: PMC9164236 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Salinomycin, a natural carboxylic polyether ionophore, shows a very interesting spectrum of biological activities, including selective toxicity toward cancer stem cells (CSCs). Recently, we have developed a C20-propargylamine derivative of salinomycin (ironomycin) that exhibits more potent activity in vivo and greater selectivity against breast CSCs compared to the parent natural product. Since ironomycin contains a terminal alkyne motif, it stands out as being an ideal candidate for further functionalization. Using copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), we synthesized a series of 1,2,3-triazole analogs of ironomycin in good overall yields. The in vitro screening of these derivatives against a well-established model of breast CSCs (HMLER CD24low/CD44high) and its corresponding epithelial counterpart (HMLER CD24high/CD44low) revealed four new products characterized by higher potency and improved selectivity toward CSCs compared to the reference compound ironomycin. The present study highlights the therapeutic potential of a new class of semisynthetic salinomycin derivatives for targeting selectively the CSC niche and highlights ironomycin as a promising starting material for the development of new anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France,Department
of Medical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France,Phone: +33 648 482 191.
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8
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Qi D, Liu Y, Li J, Huang JH, Hu X, Wu E. Salinomycin as a potent anticancer stem cell agent: State of the art and future directions. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:1037-1063. [PMID: 34786735 PMCID: PMC9298915 DOI: 10.1002/med.21870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within a tumor that can both self‐renew and differentiate into other cell types forming the heterogeneous tumor bulk. Since CSCs are involved in all aspects of cancer development, including tumor initiation, cell proliferation, metastatic dissemination, therapy resistance, and recurrence, they have emerged as attractive targets for cancer treatment and management. Salinomycin, a widely used antibiotic in poultry farming, was identified by the Weinberg group as a potent anti‐CSC agent in 2009. As a polyether ionophore, salinomycin exerts broad‐spectrum activities, including the important anti‐CSC function. Studies on the mechanism of action of salinomycin against cancer have been continuously and rapidly published since then. Thus, it is imperative for us to update its literature of recent research findings in this area. We here summarize the notable work reported on salinomycin's anticancer activities, intracellular binding target(s), effects on tumor microenvironment, safety, derivatives, and tumor‐specific drug delivery; after that we also discuss the translational potential of salinomycin toward clinical application based on current multifaceted understandings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.,LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Pharmacy, College Station, Texas, USA
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9
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Czerwonka D, Mielczarek-Puta M, Antoszczak M, Cioch A, Struga M, Huczyński A. Evaluation of the anticancer activity of singly and doubly modified analogues of C20-epi-salinomycin. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174347. [PMID: 34265289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In developed countries, cancer is the second leading cause of death, with colon and prostate cancer belonging to the group of most often diagnosed types of neoplastic diseases. The search for new treatment strategies against these types of cancer is thus of top current interest. In this context, salinomycin (SAL), a naturally occurring polyether ionophore, has been identified recently as a very promising anticancer drug candidate towards several tumour cells. In the present work, a broad library of 24 derivatives of C20-epi-salinomycin (2), including C1 singly, C20 singly and C1/C20 doubly modified analogue structures, was screened to identify compounds with improved activity against colon and prostate cancer cells. Our study demonstrated that the growth inhibitory potency of the parent compound on both primary and metastatic colon cancer cells was similar to that of the semisynthetic products derived from SAL, and simultaneously the SAL analogues showed more potent toxic action on metastatic prostate cancer cells than that of the chemically unmodified ionophore. In contrast to the widely used oncological drug doxorubicin, some of the SAL derivatives demonstrated promising anticancer activity with no toxic effects on non-tumour cells, and with more favourable cytotoxicity than that of a reference agent 5-fluorouracil. Mechanistically, the SAL analogues induced late apoptosis in colon cancer cells and necrosis in prostate cancer cells, as well as reduced secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czerwonka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Cioch
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Struga
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland.
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10
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Sulik M, Maj E, Wietrzyk J, Huczyński A, Antoszczak M. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Dimeric Polyether Ionophores. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071039. [PMID: 32664671 PMCID: PMC7408349 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyether ionophores represent a group of natural lipid-soluble biomolecules with a broad spectrum of bioactivity, ranging from antibacterial to anticancer activity. Three seem to be particularly interesting in this context, namely lasalocid acid, monensin, and salinomycin, as they are able to selectively target cancer cells of various origin including cancer stem cells. Due to their potent biological activity and abundant availability, some research groups around the world have successfully followed semi-synthetic approaches to generate original derivatives of ionophores. However, a definitely less explored avenue is the synthesis and functional evaluation of their multivalent structures. Thus, in this paper, we describe the synthetic access to a series of original homo- and heterodimers of polyether ionophores, in which (i) two salinomycin molecules are joined through triazole linkers, or (ii) salinomycin is combined with lasalocid acid, monensin, or betulinic acid partners to form 'mixed' dimeric structures. Of note, all 11 products were tested in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of six cancer cell lines including the doxorubicin resistant colon adenocarcinoma LoVo/DX cell line; five dimers (14-15, 17-18 and 22) were identified to be more potent than the reference agents (i.e., both parent compound(s) and commonly used cytostatic drugs) in selective targeting of various types of cancer. Dimers 16 and 21 were also found to effectively overcome the resistance of the LoVo/DX cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Sulik
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61–614 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Ewa Maj
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53–114 Wrocław, Poland; (E.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53–114 Wrocław, Poland; (E.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61–614 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61–614 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-829-1786
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11
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Antibacterial activity of singly and doubly modified salinomycin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Zhu BZ, Xu D, Qin L, Huang CH, Xie LN, Mao L, Shao J, Kalyanaraman B. An unexpected new pathway for nitroxide radical production via more reactve nitrogen-centered amidyl radical intermediate during detoxification of the carcinogenic halogenated quinones by N-alkyl hydroxamic acids. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:150-159. [PMID: 31302229 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We found previously that nitroxide radical of desferrioxamine (DFO•) could be produced from the interaction between the classic iron chelating agent desferrioxamine (DFO, an N-alkyl trihydroxamic acid) and tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ), one of the carconogenic quinoind metabolites of the widely used wood preservative pentachlorophenol. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here N-methylacetohydroxamic acid (N-MeAHA) was synthesized and used as a simple model compound of DFO for further mechanistic study. As expected, direct ESR studies showed that nitroxide radical of N-MeAHA (Ac-(CH3)NO•) can be produced from N-MeAHA/TCHQ. Interestingly and unexpectedly, when TCHQ was substituted by its oxidation product tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (TCBQ), although Ac-(CH3)NO• could also be produced, no concurrent formation of tetrachlorosemiquinone radical (TCSQ•) and TCHQ was detected, suggesting that Ac-(CH3)NO• did not result from direct oxidation of N-MeAHA by TCSQ• or TCBQ as proposed previously. To our surprise, a new nitrogen-centered amidyl radical was found to be generated from N-MeAHA/TCBQ, which was observed by ESR with the spin-trapping agents and further unequivacally identified as Ac-(CH3)N• by HPLC-MS. The final product of amidyl radical was isolated and identified as its corresponding amine. Analogous radical homolysis mechanism was observed with other halogenated quinoid compounds and N-alkyl hydroxamic acids including DFO. Interestingly, amidyl radicals were found to induce both DNA strand breaks and DNA adduct formation, suggesting that N-alkyl hydroxamic acids may exert their potential side-toxic effects via forming the reactive amidyl radical species. This study represents the first report of an unexpected new pathway for nitroxide radical production via hydrogen abstration reaction of a more reactive amidyl radical intermediate during the detoxification of the carcinogenic polyhalogenated quinones by N-alkyl hydroxamic acids, which provides more direct experimental evidence to better explain not only our previous finding that excess DFO can provide effective but only partial protection against TCHQ (or TCBQ)-induced biological damage, and also the potential side-toxic effects induced by DFO and other N-alkyl hydroxamic acid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Lin-Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Huang CH, Xu D, Qin L, Tang TS, Shan GQ, Xie LN, Li PL, Mao L, Shao J, Zhu BZ. Unexpected activation of N-alkyl hydroxamic acids to produce reactive N-centered free radicals and DNA damage by carcinogenic chlorinated quinones under normal physiological conditions. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:70-78. [PMID: 31626947 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We found recently that benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) could detoxify the chlorinated quinoid carcinogens via an unusual Lossen rearrangement reaction. However, it is not clear what would happen when the nitrogen hydrogen of BHA was substituted with methyl and other alkyl groups. Here we show that N-methyl benzohydroxamic acid (N-MeBHA, a simple model compound for the classic iron-chelator deferoxamine, which is a typical N-alkyl trihydroxamic acid) could react with 2,5-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ) to form a relatively stable initial carbon-oxygen bonding conjugation intermediate CBQ-O-N-MeBHA. However, the major final product was identified, unexpectedly, as a carbon-nitrogen bonding conjugate CBQ(OH)-N(CH3)-COAr, which is the rearranged isomer of CBQ-O-N-MeBHA. Interestingly, a new 18-line nitrogen-centered radical and a carbon-centered quinone ketoxy radical were observed by the ESR spin-trapping method, which was further confirmed by HPLC-MS and 15N-isotope labeling methods. We further found that both new DNA adducts and DNA strand breaks could be produced by the reactive nitrogen-centered radical. Taken together, we propose that the reaction between DCBQ and N-MeBHA was not via the Lossen rearrangement, but rather through a novel radical homolysis and recoupling pathway. Analogous results were observed for other chlorinated quinones and N-alkyl hydroxamic acids including the widely-used trihydroxamate iron-chelating drug deferoxamine. This represents the first report of unexpected radical pathway for the reaction between chlorinated quinones and N-alkyl hydroxamic acids under normal physiological conditions, which may have broad biological and environmental significance for future study of carcinogenic chloroquinones and hydroxamic acid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Tian-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Guo-Qiang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lin-Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Pei-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Beijing/Hong Kong, PR China.
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Czerwonka D, Urbaniak A, Sobczak S, Piña-Oviedo S, Chambers TC, Antoszczak M, Huczyński A. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Tertiary Amides of Salinomycin and Their C20-oxo Analogues. ChemMedChem 2019; 15:236-246. [PMID: 31702860 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The polyether ionophore salinomycin (SAL) has captured much interest because of its potent activity against cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Our previous studies have indicated that C1/C20 double-modification of SAL is a useful strategy to generate diverse agents with promising biological activity profiles. Thus, herein we describe the synthesis of a new class of SAL analogues that combine key modifications at the C1 and C20 positions. The activity of the obtained SAL derivatives was evaluated using primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human breast adenocarcinoma and normal mammary epithelial cells. One single- [N,N-dipropyl amide of salinomycin (5 a)] and two novel double-modified analogues [N,N-dipropyl amide of C20-oxosalinomycin (5 b) and piperazine amide of C20-oxosalinomycin (13 b)] were found to be more potent toward the MDA-MB-231 cell line than SAL or its C20-oxo analogue 2. When select analogues were tested against the NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel, 4 a [N,N-diethyl amide of salinomycin] showed particular activity toward the ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3. Additionally, both SAL and 2 were found to be potent ex vivo against human ER/PR+ , Her2- invasive mammary carcinoma, with 2 showing minimal toxicity toward normal epithelial cells. The present findings highlight the therapeutic potential of SAL derivatives for select targeting of different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czerwonka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Szymon Sobczak
- Department of Materials Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sergio Piña-Oviedo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Suhendra D, Ryantin Gunawan E, Hajidi H. Synthesis and Characterization of N-Methyl Fatty Hydroxamic Acids from Ketapang Seed Oil Catalyzed by Lipase. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213895. [PMID: 31671840 PMCID: PMC6865262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl fatty hydroxamic acid (N-MFHA), which is a derivative of hydroxamic acid (HA), was synthesized from ketapang seed oil (Terminalia catappa L.). In general, HAs have wide applications due to their chelating properties and biological activities. N-MFHAs were synthesized using immobilized lipase (Lipozyme TL IM) in biphasic medium which was the ketapang seed oil dissolved in hexane and N-methylhydroxylamine dissolved in water. The products were characterized through color testing and FT-IR spectroscopy after purification. Various factors affecting the enzyme activity investigated in the study included the effect of incubation time, the amount of lipase used, and the temperature. On the basis of the results, the optimum conditions for the synthesis of N-MFHA obtained are 25 h of incubation time, a temperature of 40 °C, and a ratio of 1:100 for the amount of enzyme (g)/oil (g). At the optimum conditions of the reaction, 59.7% of the oils were converted to N-MFHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dedy Suhendra
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Mataram, Mataram 83125, Indonesia.
| | - Erin Ryantin Gunawan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Mataram, Mataram 83125, Indonesia.
| | - Hajidi Hajidi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Mataram, Mataram 83125, Indonesia.
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Antoszczak M, Steverding D, Sulik M, Janczak J, Huczyński A. Anti-trypanosomal activity of doubly modified salinomycin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 173:90-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Antoszczak M, Huczyński A. Salinomycin and its derivatives - A new class of multiple-targeted "magic bullets". Eur J Med Chem 2019; 176:208-227. [PMID: 31103901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The history of drug development clearly shows the scale of painstaking effort leading to a finished product - a highly biologically active agent that would be at the same time no or little toxic to human organism. Moreover, the aim of modern drug discovery can move from "one-molecule one-target" concept to more promising "one-molecule multiple-targets" one, particularly in the context of effective fight against cancer and other complex diseases. Gratifyingly, natural compounds are excellent source of potential drug leads. One of such promising naturally-occurring drug candidates is a polyether ionophore - salinomycin (SAL). This compound should be identified as multi-target agent for two reasons. Firstly, SAL combines a broad spectrum of bioactivity, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic and anticancer activity, with high selectivity of action, proving its significant therapeutic potential. Secondly, the multimodal mechanism of action of SAL has been shown to be related to its interactions with multiple molecular targets and signalling pathways that are synergistic for achieving a therapeutic anticancer effect. On the other hand, according to the Paul Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept, invariably inspiring the scientists working on design of novel target-selective molecules, a very interesting direction of research is rational chemical modification of SAL. Importantly, many of SAL derivatives have been found to be more promising as chemotherapeutics than the native structure. This concise review article is focused both on the possible role of SAL and its selected analogues in future antimicrobial and/or cancer therapy, and on the potential use of SAL as a new class of multiple-targeted "magic bullet" because of its multimodal mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland.
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18
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A comprehensive review of salinomycin derivatives as potent anticancer and anti-CSCs agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:48-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Versini A, Saier L, Sindikubwabo F, Müller S, Cañeque T, Rodriguez R. Chemical biology of salinomycin. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Biological activity of doubly modified salinomycin analogs – Evaluation in vitro and ex vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:510-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Urbaniak A, Delgado M, Antoszczak M, Huczyński A, Chambers TC. Salinomycin derivatives exhibit activity against primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:384-390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of 20-epi-amino-20-deoxysalinomycin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:279-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhang W, Wu J, Li B, Lian X, Xia J, Zhou Q, Wu S. Design and synthesis of conformationally constrained salinomycin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:353-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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