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Mi P, Dong H, Chen S, Gao X, Cao X, Liu Y, Wang H, Fan G. Blood cadmium level as a risk factor for chronic pain: NHANES database 1999-2004. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1340929. [PMID: 38835611 PMCID: PMC11148299 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1340929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The escalating prevalence of chronic pain poses a substantial socio-economic burden. Chronic pain primarily stems from musculoskeletal and nervous system impairments. Given cadmium's known toxicity to these systems, our study sought to investigate the correlation between blood cadmium levels and chronic pain. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999-2004), and comprised US adults who participated in a chronic pain interview. We employed logistic regression models and smooth curve fitting to elucidate the relationship between blood cadmium levels and chronic pain. Results Our findings revealed a linear association between blood cadmium levels and chronic pain. Compared to the lower blood cadmium tertile 1 (<0.3 ug/dL), the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for tertile 2 (0.3-0.4 ug/dL), and tertile 3 (≥0.5 ug/dL), were 1.11 (0.96-1.29) and 1.2 (1.03-1.39), respectively. Sensitivity analyses corroborated these results. Conclusion Elevated levels of blood cadmium are associated with a heightened risk of chronic pain among adults in the United States. Mitigating cadmium exposure could potentially decrease the risk of chronic pain, thereby enhancing strategies for chronic pain prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Mi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Haoran Dong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shengle Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Xuan Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Endoscopy, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Endoscopy, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huijie Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guofeng Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang, China
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2
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de la Bastide C, Soares L, Lui LY, Harrington J, Cawthon P, Orwoll E, Kado D, Meliker J. A protocol for the prospective study of urinary cadmium with risk of fracture, bone loss, and muscle loss. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziad006. [PMID: 38505523 PMCID: PMC10945722 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal and natural element found in soil and crops with increasing concentrations linked to phosphate fertilizers and sewage sludge applied to crop lands. A large fraction of older US men and woman have documented Cd exposure. Cd exposure has proven health concerns such as risk of lung cancer from inhalation and impaired renal function; however, growing evidence suggests it also influences bone and muscle health. Given that low levels of Cd could affect bone and muscle, we have designed prospective studies using the two largest and most detailed US studies of bone health in older men and women: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. We are investigating the association of urinary cadmium (U-Cd), as a surrogate for long-term Cd exposure, with bone and muscle health. Building off suggestive evidence from mechanistic and cross-sectional studies, this will be the first well-powered prospective study of incident fracture outcomes, bone loss, and muscle loss in relation to U-Cd, an established biomarker of long-term Cd exposure. The following is a proposed protocol for the intended study; if successful, the proposed studies could be influential in directing future US policy to decrease Cd exposure in the US population similar to recent policies adopted by the European Union to limit Cd in fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lissa Soares
- Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
| | - Li-Yung Lui
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, United States
| | - James Harrington
- Analytical Science Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, United States
| | - Peggy Cawthon
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, United States
| | - Eric Orwoll
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Deborah Kado
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94303, United States
| | - Jaymie Meliker
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
- Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
- Department of Family, Population, & Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
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3
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Mo L, Chen L, Wan Y, Huang H, Mo L, Zhu W, Yang G, Li Z, Wei Q, Song J, Yang X. An aqueous extract of Prunella vulgaris L. ameliorates cadmium-induced bone loss by promoting osteogenic differentiation in female rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114005. [PMID: 37640280 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) causes bone loss, concerning inhibiting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Prunella vulgaris L. (PV) has the potential for promoting osteogenic differentiation, but its influence on Cd-induced bone loss is unclear. This study investigated the effect of PV aqueous extract (PVE) on Cd-induced bone loss and its underlying mechanisms. Eight-week-old female SD rats were randomly assigned into four groups and treated for 16 weeks: Control, Cd (50 mg/L of Cd chloride), Cd + PV Low (125 mg/kg bw of PVE), and Cd + PV High (250 mg/kg bw of PVE). PV ameliorated femoral bone loss in Cd-treated rats manifested as increases in bone mineral density, bone volume, trabecular thickness, number, and area, and decreases in trabecular separation. Compared with Cd group, PV-treatment groups had higher serum levels of bone formation markers (ALP, BGP). Additionally, in PV-treatment groups, expressions of bone formation markers (Osterix, Runx2) and molecules involved in osteogenic differentiation signal pathway BMP/Smad (BMP4, Smad1/5/9) in the tibia of rats and isolated rat primary BMSCs were upregulated. These results suggest that PV alleviates Cd-induced bone loss by promoting osteogenic differentiation, which is likely associated with BMP/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Mo
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Linquan Chen
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Yu Wan
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Haibin Huang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Lifen Mo
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Guangyu Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Ziyin Li
- Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, 523059, PR China
| | - Qinzhi Wei
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Jia Song
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Cirovic A, Denic A, Clarke BL, Vassallo R, Cirovic A, Landry GM. A hypoxia-driven occurrence of chronic kidney disease and osteoporosis in COPD individuals: New insights into environmental cadmium exposure. Toxicology 2022; 482:153355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Schaefer HR, Flannery BM, Crosby L, Jones-Dominic OE, Punzalan C, Middleton K. A systematic review of adverse health effects associated with oral cadmium exposure. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 134:105243. [PMID: 35981600 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Scientific data characterizing the adverse health effects associated with dietary cadmium (Cd) exposure were identified in order to make informed decisions about the most appropriate toxicological reference value (TRV) for use in assessing dietary Cd exposure. Several TRVs are available for Cd and regulatory organizations have used epidemiologic studies to derive these reference values; however, risk of bias (RoB) evaluations were not included in the assessments. We performed a systematic review by conducting a thorough literature search (through January 4, 2020). There were 1714 references identified by the search strings and 328 studies identified in regulatory assessments. After applying the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 208 studies (Human: 105, Animal: 103) were considered eligible for further review and data extraction. For the epidemiologic and animal studies, the critical effects identified for oral Cd exposure from the eligible studies were a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and renal tubular degeneration. A RoB analysis was completed for 49 studies (30 epidemiological and 19 animal) investigating these endpoints. The studies identified through the SR that were considered high quality and low RoB (2 human and 5 animal) can be used to characterize dose-response relationships and inform the derivation of a Cd TRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather R Schaefer
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Brenna M Flannery
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lynn Crosby
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Olivia E Jones-Dominic
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Cecile Punzalan
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Karlyn Middleton
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
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Wang M, Liu J, Zhu G, Chen X. Low levels of cadmium exposure affect bone by inhibiting Lgr4 expression in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127025. [PMID: 35772369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium exposure is associated with bone loss. However, the mechanisms involved have not yet been fully understood. Leucine-rich repeat containing GPCR-4 (LGR4) can bind with the receptor activator of nuclear factors κB ligand (RANKL) and inhibit osteoclast formation. In addition, Lgr4 plays an important role in maintaining osteoblast activity. In the present study the effect of cadmium exposure on bone was investigated in terms of Lgr4 expression. METHODS Raw 264.7 cells and primary osteoblasts were exposed to cadmium (0-60 nM/L). The effects of cadmium on osteoclast formation and osteoblast activity were investigated. Osteoclast differentiation-related (Traf6, NFATc1) and osteoblast-related (RANKL; osteoprotegerin, OPG) gene and protein expression were determined. Lgr4 expression in osteoclasts and osteoblasts were also determined. A rat model was established to show the effects of cadmium (50 mg/L) on bone loss and Lgr4 expression in vivo. RESULTS Cadmium exposure inhibited osteoblast activities and stimulated osteoclast formation. Cadmium exposure also inhibited Lgr4 expression in both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Low dose of RANKL added to the culture medium could promote osteoclast formation in cadmium-pretreated RAW264.7 cells. Blocking Lgr4 in osteoclasts only slightly inhibited cadmium-induced osteoclast formation in cadmium-pretreated RAW264.7 cells. Cadmium significantly upregulated the AKT/ERK signaling pathway. An in vivo study showed that cadmium exposure promoted osteoclast formation and inhibited Lgr4 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicates that cadmium may induce bone loss by inhibiting Lgr4-related bone formation and promoting Lgr4-related osteoclast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guoying Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, 2094 Xietu road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, 2094 Xietu road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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7
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Coyte RM, Harkness JS, Darrah TH. The Abundance of Trace Elements in Human Bone Relative to Bone Type and Bone Pathology. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2021GH000556. [PMID: 35663618 PMCID: PMC9148180 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the global population ages and the proportion of individuals afflicted with musculoskeletal disease spirals upward, there is an increasing interest in understanding and preventing bone-related diseases. Bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, are known to be influenced by a variety of factors including age, gender, nutrition, and genetics, but are also inherently linked to the human body's ability to produce biominerals of suitable quality. Because the crystal lattice structure and mineralogy of bone hydroxyapatite is surprisingly analogous to geological hydroxyapatite, trace element levels and exposure have long been proposed to influence the structure of biominerals as they do geological minerals (e.g., strontium substitution changes the crystal lattice of bone minerals, while toxic lead disrupt bone cellular processes leading to bone disease). Here, we explore the distribution of trace elements in human bones to evaluate the distribution of these elements with respect to bone type (cortical vs. trabecular) and bone disease (osteoarthritis vs. osteoporosis). We find higher concentrations of many metabolically active transition metals, as well as lead, in cortical bone compared to trabecular bone. When compared to patients who have osteoarthritis, and thus presumably normal bone minerals, osteoporosis patients have higher concentrations of scandium and chromium (Cr) in trabecular bone, and Cr and lead in cortical bone. Lower concentrations of barium and titanium are associated with osteoporotic trabecular bone. This survey is an exploratory cross-sectional geochemical examination of several trace element concentrations previously understudied in human bone minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Coyte
- School of Earth SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jennifer S. Harkness
- School of Earth SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Now at California Water Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveySacramentoCAUSA
| | - Thomas H. Darrah
- School of Earth SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Global Water InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
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8
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9
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Torres-Rodríguez HF, Graniel-Amador MA, Cruz-Camacho CJ, Cantú-Martínez AA, Martínez-Martínez A, Petricevich VL, Montes S, Castañeda-Corral G, Jiménez-Andrade JM. Characterization of pain-related behaviors, changes in bone microarchitecture and sensory innervation induced by chronic cadmium exposure in adult mice. Neurotoxicology 2022; 89:99-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Immunomodulation by heavy metals as a contributing factor to inflammatory diseases and autoimmune reactions: Cadmium as an example. Immunol Lett 2021; 240:106-122. [PMID: 34688722 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) represents a unique hazard because of the long biological half-life in humans (20-30 years). This metal accumulates in organs causing a continuum of responses, with organ disease/failure as extreme outcome. Some of the cellular and molecular alterations in target tissues can be related to immune-modulating potential of Cd. This metal may cause adverse responses in which components of the immune system function as both mediators and effectors of Cd tissue toxicity, which, in combination with Cd-induced alterations in homeostatic reparative activities may contribute to tissue dysfunction. In this work, current knowledge concerning inflammatory/autoimmune disease manifestations found to be related with cadmium exposure are summarized. Along with epidemiological evidence, animal and in vitro data are presented, with focus on cellular and molecular immune mechanisms potentially relevant for the disease susceptibility, disease promotion, or facilitating development of pre-existing pathologies.
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11
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Li D, Lin H, Zhang M, Meng J, Hu L, Yu B. Urine Cadmium as a Risk Factor for Osteoporosis and Osteopenia: A Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:648902. [PMID: 33937289 PMCID: PMC8085254 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.648902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As society ages, the incidence of osteoporosis increases. In several studies, cadmium (Cd) is thought to be related to osteoporosis. However, there are conflicting reports about the relationship between Cd and the risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the relationship between Cd and osteoporosis and osteopenia. Methods: Through a review of the literature, articles published in PubMed as of December 2020 were identified and the references of related publications and reviews were reviewed. Ultimately, 17 eligible articles were selected to determine the relationship between blood and urine Cd concentrations for the risk of osteoporosis or osteopenia. In this study, we performed a classification analysis, heterogeneity test, subgroup analysis, and evaluated publication bias. Results: A total of 17 studies were included, including seven on blood Cd and 10 on urine Cd. By combining the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the lowest and highest categories, the odds ratio of blood Cd concentration that increased the risk of osteoporosis or osteopenia was OR 1.21 (95% CI: 0.84–1.58) and that of urine Cd concentration that increased the risk of osteoporosis or osteopenia was OR 1.80 (95% CI: 1.42–2.18), and the results of the subgroup analysis were also consistent. Conclusions: Our research indicates that while urine cadmium (Cd) concentration may be related to increased risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia, blood Cd concentration may not. Therefore, compared to blood Cd concentration, urine Cd concentration may be more reliable as a risk factor for osteoporosis and osteopenia. This result should be interpreted with caution. Currently. research on the relationship between Cd concentration and osteoporosis and osteopenia is limited, thus, further large, high-quality prospective studies are required to elucidate the relationship between Cd concentration and osteoporosis and osteopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- The Chinese Medicine College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - HaoJie Lin
- Jinan Blood Supply and Security Center, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Meng
- The Chinese Medicine College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - LiYou Hu
- The Chinese Medicine College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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12
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Chen HL, Fang JCC, Chang CJ, Wu TF, Wang IK, Fu JF, Huang YC, Yen JS, Weng CH, Yen TH. Environmental Cadmium Exposure and Dental Indices in Orthodontic Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9040413. [PMID: 33918500 PMCID: PMC8066373 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9040413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that environmental cadmium exposure could disrupt salivary gland function and is associated with dental caries and reduced bone density. Therefore, this cross-sectional study attempted to determine whether tooth decay with tooth loss following cadmium exposure is associated with some dental or skeletal traits such as malocclusions, sagittal skeletal pattern, and tooth decay. METHODS Between August 2019 and June 2020, 60 orthodontic patients with no history of previous orthodontics, functional appliances, or surgical treatment were examined. The patients were stratified into two groups according to their urine cadmium concentrations: high (>1.06 µg/g creatinine, n = 28) or low (<1.06 µg/g creatinine, n = 32). RESULTS The patients were 25.07 ± 4.33 years old, and most were female (female/male: 51/9 or 85%). The skeletal relationship was mainly Class I (48.3%), followed by Class II (35.0%) and Class III (16.7%). Class I molar relationships were found in 46.7% of these patients, Class II molar relationships were found in 15%, and Class III molar relationships were found in 38.3%. The mean decayed, missing, and filled surface (DMFS) score was 8.05 ± 5.54, including 2.03 ± 3.11 for the decayed index, 0.58 ± 1.17 for the missing index, and 5.52 ± 3.92 for the filled index. The mean index of complexity outcome and need (ICON) score was 53.35 ± 9.01. The facial patterns of these patients were within the average low margin (26.65 ± 5.53 for Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA)). There were no significant differences in the above-mentioned dental indices between patients with high urine cadmium concentrations and those with low urine cadmium concentrations. Patients were further stratified into low (<27, n = 34), average (27-34, n = 23), and high (>34, n = 3) FMA groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the urine cadmium concentration among the three groups. Nevertheless, a marginally significant p-value of 0.05 for urine cadmium concentration was noted between patients with low FMA and patients with high FMA. CONCLUSION This analysis found no association between environmental cadmium exposure and dental indices in our orthodontic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Chen
- Department of Dentistry and Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (C.-J.C.); (T.-F.W.)
| | - Jason Chen-Chieh Fang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Jung Chang
- Department of Dentistry and Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (C.-J.C.); (T.-F.W.)
| | - Ti-Feng Wu
- Department of Dentistry and Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (C.-J.C.); (T.-F.W.)
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Fen Fu
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Shao Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Cheng-Hao Weng
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (C.-H.W.)
- Clinical Poison Center, Kidney Research Center, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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13
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Tian J, Li Z, Wang L, Qiu D, Zhang X, Xin X, Cai Z, Lei B. Metabolic signatures for safety assessment of low-level cadmium exposure on human osteoblast-like cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111257. [PMID: 32890951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium has been widely detected in the environment and various foods. The association between cadmium burden and osteoporosis has been studied in cohorts. However, the effects and mechanisms of environmental cadmium exposure on bone metabolism is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the altered metabolites in bone cells affected by low-level cadmium by metabolomics analysis. Specifically, we used the dosage of cadmium that do not decrease the cell viability (determined by MTT assay) to treat Saos-2 cells for 24 h. ICP-MS was applied to quantify the cadmium in culture medium and cell precipitate. The cellular metabolites were extracted and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The pathway analysis based on the identified differential metabolites showed that 1 μM cadmium significantly affected citric acid cycle and malate-aspartate shuttle, while 10 μM cadmium treatment affected citric acid cycle, alanine metabolism, glucose-alanine cycle, pyrimidine metabolism and glutamate metabolism. Taken together, 1 μM cadmium exposure could suppress the electrons transportation from the cytosol to mitochondrial matrix in Saos-2, and the impediment of the electron transport chain further inhibited downstream activities in citric acid cycle, which resulted in the accumulation of pyruvic acid. In addition, the suppressed pyrimidine degradation resulted in senescent nucleic acid accumulation and the decrease of mRNA transcription in Saos-2 cells. In general, our studies unveil the cadmium-induced metabolic perturbations in Saos-2 cells and demonstrate the feasibility of our established metabolomics pipeline to understand cadmium-induced effects on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Tian
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhenchi Li
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Liuyi Wang
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Deyi Qiu
- Technology Center of Zhongshan Customs, Zhongshan, China
| | - Xianchen Zhang
- Technology Center of Zhongshan Customs, Zhongshan, China
| | - Xiong Xin
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Bo Lei
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China.
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14
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Wako Y, Hiratsuka H, Kurotaki T, Tsuchitani M, Umemura T. Relationship between osteoid formation and iron deposition induced by chronic cadmium exposure in ovariectomized rats. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:1304-1315. [PMID: 33283302 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Itai-itai (Japanese, "It hurts! It hurts!") disease (IID), a form of osteomalacia, can be induced in ovariectomized rats by long-term administration of cadmium (Cd). This IID rat model shows severe anemia, severe nephropathy, and osteomalacia accompanied by iron (Fe) deposition at the mineralization front. We characterized the pathogenesis of Cd-induced bone lesions by investigating the relationship between Fe deposition and osteoid tissue formation in ovariectomized rats. The rats were injected with CdCl2 (0.5 mg/kg) for 70 weeks, with or without co-injection of erythropoietin (EPO) for varying lengths of time to elucidate whether EPO prevents and/or cures anemia, and, with the restoration from anemia, lessens the osteoid tissue formation. Necropsies were performed at 25, 50, or 70 weeks. Fe deposition at the mineralization front of bone was found at 50 weeks and increased thereafter. Animals injected with EPO showed decreased Fe deposition, although there was no relation between EPO administration and osteoid formation in the femur. Because the increase in bone lesion severity was independent of the amount of Fe deposition, we suggest that Fe deposition is not involved in the etiology of Cd-induced femoral bone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Wako
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan.,Kumamoto Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hiratsuka
- Head Office for Open Innovation Strategy, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsurou Kurotaki
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuchitani
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Umemura
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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15
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Cadmium exposure negatively affects the microarchitecture of trabecular bone and decreases the density of a subset of sympathetic nerve fibers innervating the developing rat femur. Biometals 2020; 34:87-96. [PMID: 33145678 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-020-00265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is toxic to the skeletal system resulting in bone loss and pain. We aimed at determining the effect of chronic Cd exposure on bone density and microarchitecture along with changes in the density of a subset of sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers innervating the developing rat femur. Newborn male Wistar rats were injected daily for 49 days with CdCl2 (1 mg/kg i.p.) or saline solution (control group). At the day of sacrifice, levels of Cd in the right femur, liver and kidney were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Additionally, microCT followed by immunohistochemical analyses were performed in the left femur. Results showed Cd accumulation in trabecular bone neared levels seen in liver and kidney. Cd concentration in cortical bone was significantly lower versus trabecular bone. MicroCT analysis revealed that Cd-exposed rats had a significant decrease in trabecular bone parameters at the distal femoral metaphysis; however, most of the cortical bone parameters were not significantly affected. Cd-exposed rats showed a significant loss of TH+ sympathetic nerve fibers, but not of CGRP+ sensory nerve fibers, at the level of bone marrow of the femoral diaphysis as compared to control rats. This study shows that Cd negatively affects bone density and microarchitecture of trabecular bone and decreases the density of sympathetic nerve fibers innervating rat femur. Future studies are warranted to determine the toxigenic mechanisms of Cd on sympathetic nerves and how sympathetic denervation influences bone loss in animals exposed to Cd.
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16
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Aptamer selection and aptasensor construction for bone density biomarkers. Talanta 2020; 224:121818. [PMID: 33379043 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone disease involved in dysregulation of one of the bone metabolism arms, formation, or desorption cause a porous bone. Osteocalcin (OC) and beta-crosslap (BC), are the well-known markers for OP, which are connected to bone formation and desorption, respectively. In addition to the OP biomarker, BC is also used as an estrogen replacement therapeutic monitoring. ELISA and other antibody-based detection methods are routinely used for measuring OC and BC. These methods have limitations that include thermostability, sensitivity, sacrificing animals, and cost of production. However, aptamer-based-assays are of interest to overcome these drawbacks and achieve the most specific and robust application. Herein, specific aptamers for OC and BC were selected by the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method from the pool of ssDNA library with 60 random sequences. The binding affinity (Kd) of the selected aptamers were evaluated against the respective biomarkers. The high-affinity aptamers of OC and BC showed the Kd values of 59 and 55 nM respectively. A graphene oxide-based aptasensors were fabricated from the high-affinity aptamers, and the detection limits of OC and BC were found to be 0.4 pg/ml and 0.21 pg/ml, respectively. These aptasensors have been tested with OC and BC spiked buffer samples and validated using serum samples collected from osteoporotic rats.
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17
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Cadmium induces apoptosis via generating reactive oxygen species to activate mitochondrial p53 pathway in primary rat osteoblasts. Toxicology 2020; 446:152611. [PMID: 33031904 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal produced by various industries, contaminates the environment and seriously damages the skeletal system of humans and animals. Recent studies have reported that Cd can affect the viability of cells, including osteoblasts, both in vivo and in vitro. However, the mechanism of Cd-induced apoptosis remains unclear. In the present study, primary rat osteoblasts were used to investigate the Cd-induced apoptotic mechanism. We found that treatment with 2 and 5 μM Cd for 12 h decreased osteoblast viability and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, Cd increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and, thus, DNA damage measured via p-H2AX. The level of the nuclear transcription factor p53 was significantly increased, which upregulated the expression of PUMA, Noxa, Bax, and mitochondrial cytochrome c, downregulated the expression of Bcl-2, and increased the level of cleaved caspase-3. However, pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) or the p53 transcription specific inhibitor PFT-α suppressed Cd-induced apoptosis. Our results indicate that Cd can induce apoptosis in osteoblasts by increasing the generation of ROS and activating the mitochondrial p53 signaling pathway, and this mechanism requires the transcriptional activation of p53.
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18
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Zhang S, Sun L, Zhang J, Liu S, Han J, Liu Y. Adverse Impact of Heavy Metals on Bone Cells and Bone Metabolism Dependently and Independently through Anemia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000383. [PMID: 33042736 PMCID: PMC7539179 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence is revealing that heavy metals can incur disordered bone homeostasis, leading to the development of degenerative bone diseases, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, degenerative disk disease, and osteomalacia. Meanwhile, heavy metal-induced anemia has been found to be intertwined with degenerative bone diseases. However, the relationship and interplay among these adverse outcomes remain elusive. Thus, it is of importance to shed light on the modes of action (MOAs) and adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) responsible for degenerative bone diseases and anemia under exposure to heavy metals. In the current Review, the epidemiological and experimental findings are recapitulated to interrogate the contributions of heavy metals to degenerative bone disease development which may be attributable dependently and independently to anemia. A few likely mechanisms are postulated for anemia-independent degenerative bone diseases, including dysregulated osteogenesis and osteoblastogenesis, imbalanced bone formation and resorption, and disturbed homeostasis of essential trace elements. By contrast, remodeled bone microarchitecture, inhibited erythropoietin production, and disordered iron homeostasis are speculated to account for anemia-associated degenerative bone disorders upon heavy metal exposure. Together, this Review aims to elaborate available literature to fill in the knowledge gaps in understanding the detrimental effects of heavy metals on bone cells and bone homeostasis through different perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandong250014China
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology CentreShandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanShandong250062China
| | - Li Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandong250014China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandong250014China
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology CentreShandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanShandong250062China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology CentreShandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanShandong250062China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100035China
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19
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Liu W, Le CC, Wang D, Ran D, Wang Y, Zhao H, Gu J, Zou H, Yuan Y, Bian J, Liu Z. Ca 2+/CaM/CaMK signaling is involved in cadmium-induced osteoclast differentiation. Toxicology 2020; 441:152520. [PMID: 32522522 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Environmental cadmium (Cd) pollution can ultimately lead to chronic toxicity via food consumption. Previous studies have demonstrated that long-term low-dose Cd exposure decreases bone mineral density and bone mineralization. Cd may increase receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL) expression by osteoclasts, and inhibit the expression of osteoprotegerin. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Cd toxicity toward osteoclasts is unclear. In this study, bone marrow monocytes were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and treated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and RANKL to induce the formation of osteoclasts. The results show that low-dose Cd exposure induced osteoclast differentiation. Cd also increased the intracellular calcium concentration of osteoclasts by triggering release of calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the elevation of intracellular calcium levels was shown to activate the calmodulin (CaM)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) pathway. NFATc1 is a downstream protein of CaM/CaMK signaling, as well as a key player in osteoclast differentiation. Overall, we conclude that Cd activates the CaM/CaMK/NFATc1 pathway and regulates osteoclast differentiation by increasing intracellular calcium concentration. Our data provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying osteoclast differentiation following Cd exposure. This study provides a theoretical basis for future investigations into the therapeutic application of CaMK inhibitors in osteoporosis induced by Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Chung Chi Le
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Ran
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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20
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He S, Zhuo L, Cao Y, Liu G, Zhao H, Song R, Liu Z. Effect of cadmium on osteoclast differentiation during bone injury in female mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:487-494. [PMID: 31793751 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that represents an occupational hazard and environmental pollutant toxic heavy metal, which can cause osteoporosis following accumulation in the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cd on bone tissue osteoclast differentiation in vivo. Female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups and given drinking water with various concentrations of Cd (0, 5, and 25 mg/L) for 16 weeks, after which the mice were sacrificed after collecting urine and blood. The level of Cd, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), trace elements, and some biochemical indicators were measured, and the bone was fixed in a 4% formaldehyde solution for histological observation. Bone marrow cells were isolated to determine the expression of osteoclast-associated mRNA and proteins. Cd was increased in the blood, urine, and bone in response to Cd in drinking water in a dose-dependent manner. The content of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) was significantly increased, whereas Ca and P were decreased in bone compared to the control group. Cd affected the histological structure of the bone, and induced the upregulation and downregulation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) and estradiol in the serum, respectively. Cd had no significant effect on the alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum. The expression of osteoclast marker proteins, including TRACP, cathepsin K, matrix metalloprotein 9, and carbonic anhydrases were all increased in the Cd-treated bone marrow cells. Cd significantly increased the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), but had lower effect on the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in both bone marrow cells and bone tissue. Thus, Cd exposure destroyed the bone microstructure, promoted the formation of osteoclasts in the bone tissue, and accelerated bone resorption, in which the OPG/RANKL pathway may play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjiang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liling Zhuo
- Department of Life Science, Zaozhuang College, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Ying Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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21
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Reyes-Hinojosa D, Lozada-Pérez CA, Zamudio Cuevas Y, López-Reyes A, Martínez-Nava G, Fernández-Torres J, Olivos-Meza A, Landa-Solis C, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Rojas Del Castillo E, Martínez-Flores K. Toxicity of cadmium in musculoskeletal diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103219. [PMID: 31494513 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported that exposure to toxic metals like cadmium (Cd) may promote the development of musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA), among others. The objective of this review is to summarize the molecular mechanisms of inflammation and oxidative stress activated by Cd at the bone level, particularly in osteoporosis, RA, and OA. Cadmium can increase bone resorption, affect the activity of osteoclasts and calcium (Ca) absorption, and impair kidney function, which favors the development of osteoporosis. In the case of RA, Cd interferes with the activity of antioxidant proteins, like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It also promotes an inflammatory state, inducing the process of citrullination, which affects the proteins of immune response. On the other hand, accumulation of Cd in the tissues and blood of smokers has been related to the development of some musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore, knowing the negative impact of Cd toxicity at the articular level can help understand the damage mechanisms it produces, leading to the development of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Reyes-Hinojosa
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C A Lozada-Pérez
- Rheumatology Service, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Y Zamudio Cuevas
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A López-Reyes
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G Martínez-Nava
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Fernández-Torres
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Olivos-Meza
- Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Service, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Landa-Solis
- Tissue Engineering Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M C Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Department of Health Sciences, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Unit of Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Research, UNAM, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E Rojas Del Castillo
- Departament of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Biomedical Research, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - K Martínez-Flores
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.
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22
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Knani L, Bartolini D, Kechiche S, Tortoioli C, Murdolo G, Moretti M, Messaoudi I, Reiter RJ, Galli F. Melatonin prevents cadmium-induced bone damage: First evidence on an improved osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation balance of mesenchymal stem cells as underlying mechanism. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12597. [PMID: 31340072 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) plays a role in preserving bone health, a function that may depend on homeostatic effects on both mature osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the bone tissue. In this study, these functions of MLT have been investigated in rat bone (femur) and in human adipose MSC (hMSC) during chronic exposure to low-grade cadmium (Cd) toxicity, a serious public health concern. The in vivo findings demonstrate that MLT protects against Cd-induced bone metabolism disruption and accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes, a cue of impaired osteogenic potential of skeletal MSC niches. This latter symptom was recapitulated in hMSCs in which Cd toxicity stimulated adipogenic differentiation. MLT was found to rescue, at least in part, the osteogenic differentiation properties of these cells. This study reports on a new bone cytoprotection function of MLT pertinent to Cd toxicity and its interfering effect on skeletal MSC differentiation properties that is worth investigating for its possible impact on human bone pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Knani
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Safa Kechiche
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Cristina Tortoioli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdolo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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23
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Buha A, Jugdaohsingh R, Matovic V, Bulat Z, Antonijevic B, Kerns JG, Goodship A, Hart A, Powell JJ. Bone mineral health is sensitively related to environmental cadmium exposure- experimental and human data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108539. [PMID: 31247431 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cadmium (Cd) is recognised as one of the risk factors for osteoporosis, although critical exposure levels and exact mechanisms are still unknown. Here, we first confirmed that in male Wistar rats challenged orally with 6 different levels of Cd (0.3-10 mg/kg b.w.), over 28 days, there was a direct dose relationship to bone Cd concentration. Moreover, bone mineral content was significantly diminished by ∼15% (p < 0.0001) plateauing already at the lowest exposure level. For the other essential bone elements zinc (Zn) loss was most marked. Having established the sensitive metrics (measures of Cd exposure), we then applied them to 20 randomly selected human femoral head bone samples from 16 independent subjects. Bone Cd concentration was inversely proportional to trabecular bone mineral density and mineral (calcium) content and Zn content of bone, but not the donor's age. Our findings, through direct bone analyses, support the emerging epidemiological view that bone health, adjudged by mineral density, is extremely sensitive to even background levels of environmental Cd. Importantly, however, our data also suggest that Cd may play an even greater role in compromised bone health than prior indirect estimates of exposure could reveal. Environmental Cd may be a substantially determining factor in osteoporosis and large cohort studies with direct bone analyses are now merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Buha
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ravin Jugdaohsingh
- Biomineral Research, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Vesna Matovic
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Antonijevic
- Department of Toxicology, Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jemma G Kerns
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Allen Goodship
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science UCL, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, London, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Alister Hart
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science UCL, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, London, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Jonathan J Powell
- Biomineral Research, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
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24
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The effect of cadmium exposition on the structure and mechanical properties of rat incisors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215370. [PMID: 30978248 PMCID: PMC6461291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the structure and mechanical properties of teeth in adult Wistar rats exposed to cadmium were investigated. Analyses were conducted on two sets of incisors from female and male specimens, that were intoxicated with cadmium (n = 12) or belonged to the control (n = 12). The cadmium group was administered with CdCl2 dissolved in drinking water with a dose of 4mg/kgbw for 10 weeks. The oral intake of cadmium by adult rats led to the range of structural changes in enamel morphology and its mechanical features. A significant increase of cadmium levels in the teeth in comparison to the control, a slight shift in the colour and reduction of pigmented enamel length, higher surface irregularity, a decrease of hydroxyapatite crystals size in the c-axis and simultaneous increase in pigmented enamel hardness were observed. The extent of these changes was sex-dependent and was more pronounced in males.
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25
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Gaur S, Agnihotri R. Health Effects of Trace Metals in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols-a Systematic Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:295-315. [PMID: 29974385 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are essentially nicotine delivery devices that mimic the appearance of a conventional cigarette (CC). Lately, they have been marketed as tools for quitting smoking. Even though they are promoted as safe alternatives to CC, they are not devoid of hazardous components. Literature reveals that the EC aerosols and e-liquids are a potential source of elements that induce and promote development of chronic conditions. These include trace metals which are leached from their core assembly. Some of these metals like nickel, chromium, cadmium, tin, aluminum, and lead are potential carcinogens. They have been associated with fatal conditions like lung and sinonasal cancer. Besides, they may have adverse effects on oral tissues like periodontal ligament and mucosa where they may trigger chronic periodontitis and oral cancer. However, there is only trivial evidence related to health hazards of metals released from ECs. With this background, the present review first focuses on the structure of the ECs followed by an appraisal of the data from experimental studies about the metals released in EC aerosols and their associated health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Gaur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rupali Agnihotri
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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26
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Abstract
Among the many anthropogenic chemicals that end up in the aquatic ecosystem, heavy metals, in particular cadmium, are hazardous compounds that have been shown to affect developmental, reproductive, hepatic, hematological, and immunological functions in teleost fish. There is also evidence that cadmium disturbs bone formation and skeletal development, but data is scarce. In this work, zebrafish was used to further characterize the anti-osteogenic/osteotoxic effects of cadmium and gain insights into underlying mechanisms. Upon exposure to cadmium, a reduction of the opercular bone growth was observed in 6-days post-fertilization (dpf) larvae and an increase in the incidence of skeletal deformities was evidenced in 20-dpf post-larvae. The extent and stiffness of newly formed bone was also affected in adult zebrafish exposed to cadmium while regenerating their caudal fin. A pathway reporter assay revealed a possible role of the MTF-1 and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways in mechanisms of cadmium osteotoxicity, while the expression of genes involved in osteoblast differentiation and matrix production was strongly reduced in cadmium-exposed post-larvae. This work not only confirmed cadmium anti-osteogenic activity and identified targeted pathways and genes, but it also suggested that cadmium may affect biomechanical properties of bone.
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27
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Taha MM, Mahdy-Abdallah H, Shahy EM, Ibrahim KS, Elserougy S. Impact of occupational cadmium exposure on bone in sewage workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2018; 24:101-108. [PMID: 30222069 DOI: 10.1080/10773525.2018.1518745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the environmental risk factors for bone loss. The present study included 40 sewage workers occupationally exposed to Cd. Forty nonexposed men were included as a control group. Current smokers represented 65% and 47.5% of the exposed and control groups, respectively. The study aimed to investigate the hazard of occupational Cd exposure on bone health. This was achieved through measuring serum and urinary Cd, and calcium (Ca), in addition to serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) and estrogen receptor-α gene. Results showed significant elevation in serum Cd, OPG, and urinary Ca levels in the exposed compared to the controls. Bony aches and joint pain were more prevalent among the exposed workers. Serum and urinary Cd increased in exposed smokers relative to control smokers. Also, serum OPG levels showed significant rise among exposed smoker and nonsmoker compared to control smoker and nonsmoker groups. Serum Cd level increased significantly in PP and pp genotypes in exposed workers compared to controls, while elevated levels of serum OPG was observed in PP and Pp genotypes in exposed workers relative to controls. Urinary Cd exhibited significant rise in both PP and pp genotypes in exposed workers, while Ca excretion was elevated in pp genotype only. The study reflected an association of genetic predisposition and Cd exposure in progression of osteoporosis. Further research is needed to explain the mechanisms of Cd impact on bone. The role of smoking is important and hence smoking cessation programs are essential for sewage workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Taha
- a Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt
| | - Heba Mahdy-Abdallah
- a Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt
| | - Eman M Shahy
- a Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt
| | - Khadiga S Ibrahim
- a Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt
| | - Safaa Elserougy
- a Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt
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28
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Garip Ustaoglu S, Evis Z, Ilbay G, Boskey AL, Severcan F. Side-Effects of Convulsive Seizures and Anti-Seizure Therapy on Bone in a Rat Model of Epilepsy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 72:689-705. [PMID: 28905646 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817734617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The severe sole effects of seizures on the cortical part of bone were reported in our previous study. However, the side effects of anti-epileptic drug therapy on bones has not been differentiated from the effects of the convulsive seizures, yet. This study provides the first report on differentiation of the effects of seizures and carbamazepine (a widely used antiepileptic drug) therapy on bones; 50 mg/kg/day drug was given to genetically induced absence epileptic rats for five weeks. Distinct bone regions including cortical, trabecular, and growth plate in each of tibia, femur, and spine tissues were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) imaging and Vickers microhardness test. Blood levels of vitamin D and bone turnover biomarkers were also measured. According to the FT-IR imaging results, both seizure and carbamazepine-treated groups, more dominantly the drug-treated group, had lower mineral content with altered collagen crosslinks and higher crystallinity, implying reduced bone strength. Lower microhardness values also supported lower mechanical strength in bones. The most affected bone tissue and region from seizures and treatment was found as the spine and cortical, respectively. While there was a reduction in vitamin D and calcium levels in both seizure and carbamazepin-treated groups, significantly elevated PTH and bone turnover biomarkers were only seen in the drug-treated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebnem Garip Ustaoglu
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, 187458 Middle East Technical University , Ankara, Turkey
- 2 Department of Medical Biochemistry, 187458 Faculty of Medicine, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zafer Evis
- 3 Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gul Ilbay
- 4 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Adele Ludin Boskey
- 5 25062 Mineralized Tissue Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Feride Severcan
- 6 Department of Biological Sciences, 187458 Middle East Technical University , Ankara, Turkey
- 7 Department of Biophysics, 187458 Faculty of Medicine, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Malkawi AK, Alzoubi KH, Jacob M, Matic G, Ali A, Al Faraj A, Almuhanna F, Dasouki M, Abdel Rahman AM. Metabolomics Based Profiling of Dexamethasone Side Effects in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:46. [PMID: 29503615 PMCID: PMC5820529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dex) is a synthetic glucocorticoid that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects and is used in several conditions such as asthma and severe allergy. Patients receiving Dex, either at a high dose or for a long time, might develop several side effects such as hyperglycemia, weight change, or osteoporosis due to its in vivo non-selectivity. Herein, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based comprehensive targeted metabolomic profiling as well as radiographic imaging techniques to study the side effects of Dex treatment in rats. The Dex-treated rats suffered from a ∼20% reduction in weight gain, hyperglycemia (145 mg/dL), changes in serum lipids, and reduction in total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (∼600 IU/L). Also, compared to controls, Dex-treated rats showed a distinctive metabolomics profile. In particular, serum amino acids metabolism showed six-fold reduction in phenylalanine, lysine, and arginine levels and upregulation of tyrosine and hydroxyproline reflecting perturbations in gluconeogenesis and protein catabolism which together lead to weight loss and abnormal bone metabolism. Sorbitol level was markedly elevated secondary to hyperglycemia and reflecting activation of the polyol metabolism pathway causing a decrease in the availability of reducing molecules (glutathione, NADPH, NAD+). Overexpression of succinylacetone (4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid) suggests a novel inhibitory effect of Dex on hepatic fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase. The acylcarnitines, mainly the very long chain species (C12, C14:1, C18:1) were significantly increased after Dex treatment which reflects degradation of the adipose tissue. In conclusion, long-term Dex therapy in rats is associated with a distinctive metabolic profile which correlates with its side effects. Therefore, metabolomics based profiling may predict Dex treatment-related side effects and may offer possible novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer K Malkawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Minnie Jacob
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Goran Matic
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Ali
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Achraf Al Faraj
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Falah Almuhanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Dasouki
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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30
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Mezynska M, Brzóska MM. Environmental exposure to cadmium-a risk for health of the general population in industrialized countries and preventive strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3211-3232. [PMID: 29230653 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal belonging to the group of the main chemical pollutants of the natural and occupational environment in economically developed countries. The forecasts indicate that contamination of the environment with this toxic metal, and thus the exposure of the general population, will increase. Food (particularly plant products) is the main source of the general population exposure to this element. Moreover, an important, and often the main, source of intoxication with Cd is habitual tobacco smoking. Recent epidemiological studies have provided numerous evidence that even low-level environmental exposure to this toxic metal, nowadays occurring in numerous economically developed countries, creates a risk for health of the general population. The low-level lifetime exposure to this metal may lead to the damage to the kidneys, liver, skeletal system, and cardiovascular system, as well as to the deterioration of the sight and hearing. Moreover, it has been suggested that environmental exposure to this xenobiotic may contribute to the development of cancer of the lung, breast, prostate, pancreas, urinary bladder, and nasopharynx. Taking the above into account, the aim of this review article is to draw more attention to Cd as an environmental risk factor for the health of the general population and the need to undertake preventive actions allowing to reduce the risk of health damage due to a lifetime exposure to this toxic metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mezynska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
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31
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Trabelsi F, Khlifi R, Goux D, Guillamin M, Hamza-Chaffai A, Sichel F. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects of arsenic trioxide on SQ20B human laryngeal carcinoma cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:349-358. [PMID: 28262482 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the cytotoxicity and the genotoxicity induced by arsenic trioxide As2O3in human laryngeal SQ20B carcinoma cell line. SQ20B cells were exposed to graded concentrations of arsenic trioxide (2 and 5μM) for 48h. Comet assay and γ-H2AX foci formation were used for measuring DNA damages, flow cytometry was used to identify cell cycle alterations and apoptosis, while cell morphology was visualized using transmission electron microscopy. The results show a dose-dependent induction of DNA damages and double strand breaks, alterations in cell cycle and morphologic alterations of cells. These results prove that As2O3 is highly cytotoxic and genotoxic at the micromolar range ina human laryngeal carcinoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Trabelsi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Sfax University, IPEIS, BP 1172, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Rim Khlifi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Sfax University, IPEIS, BP 1172, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Didier Goux
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CMABio, SFR ICORE, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Marilyne Guillamin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CMABio, SFR ICORE, 14000 Caen, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Amel Hamza-Chaffai
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Sfax University, IPEIS, BP 1172, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - François Sichel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen, France; Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, BP5026, F-14076 Caen Cedex-05, France
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32
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Brzóska MM, Roszczenko A, Rogalska J, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Mężyńska M. Protective Effect of Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) Extract against Cadmium Impact on the Biomechanical Properties of the Femur: A Study in a Rat Model of Low and Moderate Lifetime Women Exposure to This Heavy Metal. Nutrients 2017; 9:E543. [PMID: 28587093 PMCID: PMC5490522 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that the consumption of Aronia melanocarpa berries (chokeberries) extract, recently reported by us to improve bone metabolism in female rats at low-level and moderate chronic exposure to cadmium (1 and 5 mg Cd/kg diet for up to 24 months), may increase the bone resistance to fracture was investigated. Biomechanical properties of the neck (bending test with vertical head loading) and diaphysis (three-point bending test) of the femur of rats administered 0.1% aqueous chokeberry extract (65.74% of polyphenols) or/and Cd in the diet (1 and 5 mg Cd/kg) for 3, 10, 17, and 24 months were evaluated. Moreover, procollagen I was assayed in the bone tissue. The low-level and moderate exposure to Cd decreased the procollagen I concentration in the bone tissue and weakened the biomechanical properties of the femoral neck and diaphysis. Chokeberry extract administration under the exposure to Cd improved the bone collagen biosynthesis and femur biomechanical properties. The results allow for the conclusion that the consumption of chokeberry products under exposure to Cd may improve the bone biomechanical properties and protect from fracture. This study provides support for Aronia melanocarpa berries being a promising natural agent for skeletal protection under low-level and moderate chronic exposure to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Alicja Roszczenko
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rogalska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Gałażyn-Sidorczuk
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Mężyńska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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33
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Zhang R, Xing L, Bao J, Sun H, Bi Y, Liu H, Li J. Selenium supplementation can protect from enhanced risk of keel bone damage in laying hens exposed to cadmium. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether selenium (Se) supplementation can provide protection from an enhanced risk of keel bone damage (KBD) in laying hens due to the cadmium (Cd) toxicity associated with sub-chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xing
- College of Life Science
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqing Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yanju Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huo Liu
- College of Life Science
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- People's Republic of China
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34
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Smith JT, Schneider AD, Katchko KM, Yun C, Hsu EL. Environmental Factors Impacting Bone-Relevant Chemokines. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:22. [PMID: 28261155 PMCID: PMC5306137 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines play an important role in normal bone physiology and the pathophysiology of many bone diseases. The recent increased focus on the individual roles of this class of proteins in the context of bone has shown that members of the two major chemokine subfamilies-CC and CXC-support or promote the formation of new bone and the remodeling of existing bone in response to a myriad of stimuli. These chemotactic molecules are crucial in orchestrating appropriate cellular homing, osteoblastogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis during normal bone repair. Bone healing is a complex cascade of carefully regulated processes, including inflammation, progenitor cell recruitment, differentiation, and remodeling. The extensive role of chemokines in these processes and the known links between environmental contaminants and chemokine expression/activity leaves ample opportunity for disruption of bone healing by environmental factors. However, despite increased clinical awareness, the potential impact of many of these environmental factors on bone-related chemokines is still ill defined. A great deal of focus has been placed on environmental exposure to various endocrine disruptors (bisphenol A, phthalate esters, etc.), volatile organic compounds, dioxins, and heavy metals, though mainly in other tissues. Awareness of the impact of other less well-studied bone toxicants, such as fluoride, mold and fungal toxins, asbestos, and chlorine, is also reviewed. In many cases, the literature on these toxins in osteogenic models is lacking. However, research focused on their effects in other tissues and cell lines provides clues for where future resources could be best utilized. This review aims to serve as a current and exhaustive resource detailing the known links between several classes of high-interest environmental pollutants and their interaction with the chemokines relevant to bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T. Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew D. Schneider
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karina M. Katchko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chawon Yun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin L. Hsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- *Correspondence: Erin L. Hsu,
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35
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Zhang Y, Yu X, Sun S, Li Q, Xie Y, Li Q, Zhao Y, Pei J, Zhang W, Xue P, Zhou Z, Zhang Y. Cadmium modulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and skews toward myelopoiesis in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 313:24-34. [PMID: 27771405 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is known to modulate immunity and cause osteoporosis. However, how Cd influences on hematopoiesis remain largely unknown. Herein, we show that wild-type C57BL/6 (B6) mice exposed to Cd for 3months had expanded bone marrow (BM) populations of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs), common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs), while having reduced populations of multipotent progenitors (MPPs) and common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs). A competitive mixed BM transplantation assay indicates that BM from Cd-treated mice had impaired LT-HSC ability to differentiate into mature cells. In accordance with increased myeloid progenitors and decreased lymphoid progenitors, the BM and spleens of Cd-treated mice had more monocytes and/or neutrophils and fewer B cells and T cells. Cd impaired the ability of the non-hematopoietic system to support LT-HSCs, in that lethally irradiated Cd-treated recipients transplanted with normal BM cells had reduced LT-HSCs after the hematopoietic system was fully reconstituted. This is consistent with reduced osteoblasts, a known critical component for HSC niche, observed in Cd-treated mice. Conversely, lethally irradiated control recipients transplanted with BM cells from Cd-treated mice had normal LT-HSC reconstitution. Furthermore, both control mice and Cd-treated mice that received Alendronate, a clinical drug used for treating osteoporosis, had BM increases of LT-HSCs. Thus, the results suggest Cd increase of LT-HSCs is due to effects on HSCs and not on osteoblasts, although, Cd causes osteoblast reduction and impaired niche function for maintaining HSCs. Furthermore, Cd skews HSCs toward myelopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinchun Yu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunli Xie
- Insititute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianfeng Pei
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenmin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Xue
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Trabelsi F, Khlifi R, Goux D, Guillamin M, Hamza-Chaffai A, Sichel F. Genotoxic effects of cadmium in human head and neck cell line SQ20B. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:16127-16136. [PMID: 27151237 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As cadmium may be involved in the etiology of head and neck cancers, we investigated in the present work, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Cd on human larynx cells. SQ20B cells were exposed to 25 and 50 μM Cd for 48 and 72 h. Results showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability, especially after 48 h, associated with mitochondria alterations as showed by transmission electronic microscopy. Surprisingly, the flow cytometry shows that the cells treated with Cd have a normal proliferative cycle like the untreated cell especially in G1 or G2 phase of cell cycle. DNA damages were investigated by comet assay and immunofluorescence for gamma layer of the H2AX (g-H2AX) foci formation. Results show a strong induction of DNA double-strand breaks after Cd exposure. Overall, our results demonstrate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Cd in human larynx cells and support the view that Cd could be an etiologic factor of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Trabelsi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, BP 1172, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Rim Khlifi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, BP 1172, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Didier Goux
- Normandie Université, Caen, France
- UNICAEN, CMAbio, SFR ICORE, 14032, Caen, France
| | - Marilyne Guillamin
- Normandie Université, Caen, France
- UMR-S 1075 Inserm/Unicaen - COMETE, 14032, Caen, France
| | - Amel Hamza-Chaffai
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, BP 1172, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - François Sichel
- Normandie Université, Caen, France
- UNICAEN, ABTE E4651, 14032, Caen, France
- Centre François Baclesse, avenue Général Harris, BP5026, 14076, Caen CEDEX-05, France
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Liu L, Zhou L, Hu S, Zhou S, Deng Y, Dong M, Huang J, Zeng Y, Chen X, Zhao N, Li H, Ding Z. Down-regulation of ABCG2 and ABCB4 transporters in the placenta of rats exposed to cadmium. Oncotarget 2016; 7:38154-38163. [PMID: 27203216 PMCID: PMC5122379 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a maternal and developmental toxicant, cadmium (Cd) possesses weak penetrability through the placental barrier. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To gain insight into the protein molecules associated with Cd toxicity in placenta and explore their roles in Cd transportation, a reproductive animal experiment was carried out using Sprague-Dawley rats. We performed proteomic analysis of the placenta by Difference Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) combined with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS). The DIGE assay identified 15 protein spots that were differentially expressed with a greater than 1.5-fold change in placenta of Cd-treated rats compared to the control rats. Based on the expression patterns and biological functions of the proteins, we selected the ABCG2 and ABCB4 transporter proteins for further analysis. Western blot analysis showed that Cd exposure could down-regulate the expression of ABCG2 and ABCB4 in the placenta. There was a negative dose-response relationship between Cd exposure and the expression of ABCG2 or ABCB4 protein. These results indicated that down-regulation of ABCG2 and ABCB4 transporters may regulate Cd across through placenta and thus affect the in vivo toxic effect of Cd to fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuiwang Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyu Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyu Deng
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxun Huang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuli Zeng
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongling Li
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Ding
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Effect of cadmium on bone tissue in growing animals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:391-7. [PMID: 27312893 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of cadmium (Cd), an extremely toxic metal, can cause renal failure, decreased vitamin D synthesis, and consequently osteoporosis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of Cd on two types of bone in growing Wistar rats. Sixteen 21-day-old male Wistar rats were assigned to one of two groups. The Cd group subcutaneously received 0.5mg/kg of CdCl2 5 times weekly for 3 months. The control group similarly received bidistilled water. Following euthanasia, the mandibles and tibiae were resected, fixed, decalcified and processed histologically to obtain sections for H&E and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Photomicrographs were used to determine bone volume (BV/TV%), total growth cartilage width (GPC.Wi) hypertrophic cartilage width (HpZ.Wi), percentage of yellow bone marrow (%YBM), megakaryocyte number (N.Mks/mm(2)), and TRAP+osteoclast number (N.TRAP+Ocl/mm(2)). Results were statistically analyzed using Student's t test. Cd exposed animals showed a significant decrease in subchondral bone volume and a significant increase in TRAP+ osteoclast number and percentage of yellow bone marrow in the tibia, and an increase in megakaryocyte number in mandibular interradicular bone. No significant differences were observed in the remaining parameters. The results obtained with this experimental design show that Cd would seemingly have a different effect on subchondral and interradicular bone. The decrease in bone volume and increase in tibial yellow bone marrow suggest that cadmium inhibits differentiation of mesenchymal cells to osteoblasts, favoring differentiation into adipocytes. The different effects of Cd on interradicular bone might be due to the protective effect of the mastication forces.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postmenopausal bone loss can be exacerbated by environmental contaminants, including the heavy metal cadmium (Cd). We hypothesized that incorporating phosphorus (P) into the diet would lead to the chelation of Cd into P, preventing its absorption and subsequent bone loss. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we used ovariectomized rats as a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis to examine the deleterious effects of Cd on bone with and without added P. Fifty 3-month-old ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to five treatment groups (n = 10 per group) for 3 months as follows: (1) control; (2) 50 ppm Cd; (3) 50 ppm Cd plus 1.2% P; (4) 200 ppm Cd; and (5) 200 ppm Cd plus 1.2% P. RESULTS Cd plus P caused a significant loss of whole body (P = 0.0001 and P < 0.001) and femoral (P = 0.0005 and P < 0.001) bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content, respectively, and a loss of fourth lumbar vertebra BMD and bone mineral content (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Nonetheless, 200 ppm Cd plus 1.2% P had the most deleterious effects on whole body and femoral BMD. For femoral neck microstructural properties, 50 ppm Cd plus 1.2% P caused an increase in trabecular separation, whereas 200 ppm Cd plus 1.2% P caused a decrease in bone volume-to-total volume ratio, a decrease in trabecular number, and an increase in trabecular separation and structural model index. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that Cd exposure, along with high intake of P, may be a public health hazard with respect to bone health.
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Protective effect of Aronia melanocarpa polyphenols against cadmium-induced disorders in bone metabolism: A study in a rat model of lifetime human exposure to this heavy metal. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 229:132-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Oliveira H, Monteiro C, Pinho F, Pinho S, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP, Santos C. Cadmium-induced genotoxicity in human osteoblast-like cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 775-776:38-47. [PMID: 25435354 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal used in numerous industrial processes. Cd exerts toxicological effects mostly in kidney and liver. Bone is also an important target of Cd, however, the cellular mechanisms of Cd toxicological effects in the bone cells are still poorly understood. Therefore, the present work aimed to investigate the putative cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Cd to human bone cells. For that, the osteoblast-like MG-63 cells were exposed to 20 and 50μM Cd for 24 and 48h. Results showed a dose-dependent increase in Cd accumulation in cells and a decrease in cell viability, especially after 48h. Cell cycle analysis showed a delay at S phase concomitant with a decrease in cells at G0/G1 phase. After 24h, Cd treatment downregulated the expression of CHEK1, CHEK2 and CDK2 genes and upregulated the expression of CCNE1 gene. After 48h, the expression of ATM and CCNB1 genes were downregulated. Also, a 3.3 fold increase on the expression of gene CCNE1 was detected. Both Cd doses induced DNA fragmentation at 48h, while an increase in micronuclei (MN) and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) together with an increase in the percentage of apoptotic/necrotic cells was detected for both time periods. Overall, our results demonstrate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Cd in human bone cells. Also, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay parameters (MN, NPBs and the percentage of cells under apoptosis or necrosis) together with the cell cycle appear as the most sensitive to Cd cyto- and genotoxicity, being early affected even with the lowest Cd dose. Therefore, these cyto-/genotoxic techniques may be selected for early detection of Cd-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Oliveira
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Monteiro
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francisco Pinho
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Pinho
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Duranova H, Martiniakova M, Omelka R, Grosskopf B, Bobonova I, Toman R. Changes in compact bone microstructure of rats subchronically exposed to cadmium. Acta Vet Scand 2014; 56:64. [PMID: 25279860 PMCID: PMC4189194 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-014-0064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd), even at low concentrations, has an adverse impact on the skeletal system. Histologically, primary and secondary osteons as basic structural elements of compact bone can also be affected by several toxicants leading to changes in bone vascularization and mechanical properties of the bone. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of subchronic peroral exposure to Cd on femoral bone structure including histomorphometry of the osteons in adult male rats. In our study, 20 one-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups. In the first group, young males received a drinking water containing 30 mg of CdCl2/L, for 90 days. Ten one-month-old males without Cd intoxication served as a control group. After 90 days of daily peroral exposure, body weight, femoral weight, femoral length, cortical bone thickness and histological structure of the femora were analysed. Results We found that subchronic peroral application of Cd had no significant effect on body weight, femoral length and cortical bone thickness in adult rats. On the other hand, femoral weight was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in Cd-intoxicated rats. These rats also displayed different microstructure in the middle part of the compact bone where vascular canals expanded into central area of substantia compacta and supplied primary and secondary osteons. Additionally, a few resorption lacunae which are connected with an early stage of osteoporosis were identified in these individuals. Histomorphometrical evaluations showed that all variables (area, perimeter, maximum and minimum diameter) of the primary osteons’ vascular canals, Haversian canals and secondary osteons were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the Cd group rats. This fact points to alterations in bone vascularization. Conclusions Subchronic peroral exposure to Cd significantly influences femoral weight and histological structure of compact bone in adult male rats. It induces an early stage of osteoporosis and causes reduced bone vascularization. Histomorphometrical changes of primary and secondary osteons allow for the conclusion that the bone mechanical properties could be weakened in the Cd group rats. The current study significantly expands the knowledge on damaging action of Cd on the bone.
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Sadeghi N, Oveisi MR, Jannat B, Hajimahmoodi M, Behzad M, Behfar A, Sadeghi F, Saadatmand S. The relationship between bone health and plasma zinc, copper lead and cadmium concentration in osteoporotic women. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2014; 12:125. [PMID: 25469307 PMCID: PMC4251679 DOI: 10.1186/s40201-014-0125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a multi factorial disease with dimension of genetic and nutritional considerations. The aim of this study was to present data from the association of plasma zinc, copper and toxic elements of lead and cadmium levels with bone mineral density in Iranian women. 135 women gave their information and enrolled. Fasting plasma was used for measurement of trace elements and heavy metals by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. Control group (n = 51) were normal in both lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck density (T-score ≥ -1), but just femoral neck T-score was considered as criterion in selection of patient group (n = 49, Tscore < -1). No differences were found in the nutritional status, number of diseases, drugs and functional activities between these groups. Plasma Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd levels were analyzed by, a method of voltammetry. Mean ± SD levels of copper and zinc was 1.168 ± 0.115, 1.097 ± 0.091 μg/ml in control group, 1.394 ± 0.133, 1.266 ± 0.11 μg/ml in total patient (TP) and 1.237 ± 0.182, 1.127 ± 0.176 μg/ml in Mild patients(-1 > T-score > -1.7), 1.463 ± 0.174, 1.327 ± 0.147 μg/ml in Severe patient group (T-score < -1.7); respectively. Mean ± SD plasma level of lead and cadmium was 168.42 ± 9.61 ng/l, 2.91 ± 0.18 ng/ml in control group, 176.13 ± 8.64 ng/l, 2.97 ± 0.21 ng/ml in TP, 176.43 ± 13.2 ng/l, 2.99 ± 0.1 ng/ml in mild patients, 221.44 ± 20 ng/l and 3.80 ± 0.70 ng/ml in severe patient group, respectively. In this study plasma zinc, copper, lead & cadmium concentrations were higher in the patients than in the control, though differences were not significant. However, differences were higher between the controls and patients with severe disease (T-score < -1.7). In addition adjusted T-score of femur with age and BMI showed negative significant correlation with plasma levels of zinc and lead in total participants (p < 0.05, r = -0.201, p = 0.044, r = -0.201). It seems that more extensive study with larger ample size might supply definite results about this association for copper and cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naficeh Sadeghi
- />Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Oveisi
- />Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Jannat
- />Halal research center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mannan Hajimahmoodi
- />Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Behzad
- />Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolazim Behfar
- />Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jondishapour Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghi
- />Halal research center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahereh Saadatmand
- />Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dahl C, Søgaard AJ, Tell GS, Flaten TP, Hongve D, Omsland TK, Holvik K, Meyer HE, Aamodt G. Do cadmium, lead, and aluminum in drinking water increase the risk of hip fractures? A NOREPOS study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 157:14-23. [PMID: 24287706 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate relations between cadmium, lead, and aluminum in municipality drinking water and the incidence of hip fractures in the Norwegian population. A trace metals survey in 566 waterworks was linked geographically to hip fractures from hospitals throughout the country (1994-2000). In all those supplied from these waterworks, 5,438 men and 13,629 women aged 50-85 years suffered a hip fracture. Poisson regression models were fitted, adjusting for age, region of residence, urbanization, and type of water source as well as other possibly bone-related water quality factors. Effect modification by background variables and interactions between water quality factors were examined (correcting for false discovery rate). Men exposed to a relatively high concentration of cadmium (IRR = 1.10; 95 % CI 1.01, 1.20) had an increased risk of fracture. The association between relatively high lead and hip fracture risk was significant in the oldest age group (66-85 years) for both men (IRR = 1.11; 95 % CI 1.02, 1.21) and women (IRR = 1.10; 95 % CI 1.04, 1.16). Effect modification by degree of urbanization on hip fracture risk in men was also found for all three metals: cadmium, lead, and aluminum. In summary, a relatively high concentration of cadmium, lead, and aluminum measured in drinking water increased the risk of hip fractures, but the associations depended on gender, age, and urbanization degree. This study could help in elucidating the complex effects on bone health by risk factors found in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Dahl
- Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway,
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Zhang J, Song J, Zhang J, Chen X, Zhou M, Cheng G, Xie X. Combined effects of fluoride and cadmium on liver and kidney function in male rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 155:396-402. [PMID: 24006106 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that cadmium and fluoride may both have adverse effects on liver and kidney functions, but most studies focus on a single agent. In this study, we observed the effects of cadmium and fluoride on liver and kidney functions using a rat model. Total of 24 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into four groups, one control group and three exposure groups that were given cadmium (50 mg/L) and fluoride (100 mg/L) alone or in combination via drinking water. At the 12th week, urine, blood, and kidney tissues were collected. Aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase (ALT), urinary β2-microglobulin, and albumin were determined. Contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver and kidney homogenates were measured to evaluate oxidative stress. There was a significant increase in serum ALT and urinary β2-microglobulin of rats in exposure groups compared with control. Serum ALT and urinary β2-microglobulin of rats exposed to cadmium and fluoride in combination was significantly higher than those treated with cadmium alone and fluoride alone. SOD declined significantly and MDA increased in combination group compared with control and those treated with cadmium and fluoride alone. Cadmium and fluoride co-exposure increase the liver and kidney damage compared with that exposed to cadmium or fluoride alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
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Dugmonits K, Ferencz Á, Jancsó Z, Juhász R, Hermesz E. Major distinctions in the antioxidant responses in liver and kidney of Cd(2+)-treated common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 158:225-30. [PMID: 23919949 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study is related to the accumulation of Cd(2+), its effects on oxidative stress biomarkers and its role in macromolecule damage in liver and kidney of common carp. We present evidence of an increased ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) in both organs after 10 mg/L Cd(2+) exposure, with different underlying biological mechanisms and consequences. In the liver, the expressions and/or activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase increased to cope with the Cd(2+)-generated toxic effects during the first 48 h of treatment. In contrast, none of these selected antioxidant markers was significantly altered in the kidney, whereas the expression of glutathione synthetase was upregulated. These results suggest that the major defense mechanism provoked by Cd(2+) exposure involves the regeneration of GSH in the liver, while its de novo synthesis predominates in the kidney. High levels of accumulation of Cd(2+) and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO(-)) were detected in the kidney; the major consequences of ONOO(-) toxicity were enhanced lipid peroxidation and GSH depletion. The accumulation of ONOO(-) in the kidney suggests intensive production of NO and the development of nitrosative stress. In the liver the level of hydrogen peroxide was elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Dugmonits
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary
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Chen X, Qin B, Li X, Jin T, Zhu G, Zhou W, Wang Z. Effects of fluoride and cadmium co-exposure on bone in male rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 154:396-402. [PMID: 23868496 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although cadmium (Cd) and fluoride may both have adverse effects on bone, most studies focus on a single agent. In this study, we investigated the effects of cadmium and fluoride on bone at a relative low level. Sprague-Dawley male rats were assigned randomly into four groups which were given sodium chloride, cadmium (50mg/L), and fluoride (20mg/L) alone, or in combination via drinking water. At the 12th week, urine, blood, and bone tissues were collected for biomarker assay, biomechanical assay, and histological assay. Cadmium had significantly adverse effects on bone mineral density, bone biomechanical property, and bone microstructure. Fluoride slightly increased vertebral bone mineral density but negatively affected bone biomechanical property and bone microstructure. Fluoride could reverse the decrease of vertebral bone mineral density caused by cadmium but could not improve the damage of bone biomechanical property and microstructure caused by cadmium. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b levels in rats treated with cadmium and fluoride or in combination were 1-2.5 folds higher than the control. Our data suggest that low level of fluoride could reverse the decrease of vertebral bone mineral density caused by cadmium exposure but has no influence on appendicular skeleton damage caused by cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen X, Wang G, Li X, Gan C, Zhu G, Jin T, Wang Z. Environmental level of cadmium exposure stimulates osteoclasts formation in male rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 60:530-5. [PMID: 23954550 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low level of cadmium (Cd) exposure may enhance osteoclasts formation in vitro. The aim of the study was to observe the effects of Cd on osteoclasts formation in vivo. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups which were given Cd via drinking water at concentrations of 0, 2, 10 and 50 mg/L for 12 weeks. At the 12th week, urine samples were collected from all of the rats. All rats were then sacrificed and the blood was collected for biomarkers assay. Bone tissues were dissected for mineral density determinations, histological investigation, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining and immunohistochemical staining. The bone mineral density and bone microstructure index of rats treated with 50mg Cd/L were obviously lower than in control rats. Histochemical investigation showed that Cd could induce osteoclasts formation in a dose-dependent manner. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b levels in rats treated with Cd were higher than the control. Immunohistochemical investigation showed that Cd could enhance receptor-activated nuclear factor kappa B ligand expression (RANKL) and inhibit osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression. Our study evidences in vivo that excessive bone resorption mediated via osteoclasts is an important way for Cd toxic effects on bone and OPG/RANKL may play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
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Won YS, Kim JH, Kim YS, Bae KH. Association of internal exposure of cadmium and lead with periodontal disease: a study of the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 40:118-24. [PMID: 23167252 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was performed to examine the association of the internal exposure of cadmium and lead with periodontitis in a representative sample of adults, who were involved in the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). MATERIALS AND METHODS One thousand nine hundred and sixty-six subjects over the age of 19 who participated in KNHANES were examined. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) exposure were grouped into three categories: low (<25th percentile), middle (25th-75th percentile) and high (≥75th percentile). The periodontal status was assessed by the Community Periodontal Index. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to get the adjusted odds ratio (OR), and subgroup analysis was also performed. All analyses considered a complex sampling design. RESULTS The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed associations of Cd with periodontitis. Subjects with a high Cd had a 1.57 (95% CI: 1.03-2.38) times higher OR for periodontitis than those with a low Cd. In the subgroup analysis, the association of Pb and Cd with periodontitis was different according to the strata of gender and smoking. CONCLUSIONS High Cd could be associated with periodontitis in females and current smokers, and middle Pb showed associations in females and non-smokers among a representative sample of adults in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Soon Won
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Byuksung College, Gimje, Korea
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Ebert-McNeill A, Clark SP, Miller JJ, Birdsall P, Chandar M, Wu L, Cerny EA, Hall PH, Johnson MH, Isales C, Chutkan N, Bhattacharyya MH. Cadmium intake and systemic exposure in postmenopausal women and age-matched men who smoke cigarettes. Toxicol Sci 2012; 130:191-204. [PMID: 22831969 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mean blood cadmium (B-Cd) concentrations are two- to threefold higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. The basis for this phenomenon is not well understood. We conducted a detailed, multifaceted study of cadmium exposure in smokers. Groups were older smokers (62±4 years, n = 25, 20% male) and nonsmokers (62±3 years, n = 16, 31% male). Each subject's cigarettes were machine smoked, generating individually paired measures of inhaled cadmium (I-Cd) versus B-Cd; I-Cd and B-Cd were each evaluated three times, at monthly intervals. Urine cadmium (U-Cd) was analyzed for comparison. In four smokers, a duplicate-diet study was conducted, along with a kinetic study of plasma cadmium versus B-Cd. Female smokers had a mean B-Cd of 1.21ng Cd/ml, with a nearly 10-fold range (0.29-2.74ng Cd/ml); nonsmokers had a lower mean B-Cd, 0.35ng Cd/ml (p < 0.05), and narrower range (0.20-0.61ng Cd/ml). Means and ranges for males were similar. Estimates of cadmium amounts inhaled daily for our subjects smoking ≥ 20 cigarettes/day were far less than the 15 µg Cd reported to be ingested daily via diet. This I-Cd amount was too low to alone explain the 3.5-fold elevation of B-Cd in our smokers, even assuming greater cadmium absorption via lungs than gastrointestinal tract; cadmium accumulated in smokers' lungs may provide the added cadmium. Finally, B-Cd appeared to be linearly related to I-Cd values in 75% of smokers, whereas 25% had far higher B-Cd, implying a possible heterogeneity among smokers regarding circulating cadmium concentrations and potentially cadmium toxicity.
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