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Wang TH, Watanabe K, Muromachi K, Hamada N, Tani-Ishii N. Carbon Nanotubes Induce Mineralization of Human Cementoblasts. J Endod 2024:S0099-2399(24)00277-2. [PMID: 38719088 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are 1 of the allotropes of carbon with unique properties. CNT shows good bone-tissue compatibility and has been reported to induce osteogenesis; therefore, it is regarded as an ideal material in a wide range of applications. However, the therapeutic effect of CNT-containing materials in the healing of apical periodontal tissue is unknown. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of CNT on the proliferation and mineralization of the human cementoblast cell line (HCEM). METHODS The proliferation of HCEM cells with CNT stimulation was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay performed from 24-72 hours. Calcium deposition levels were evaluated by alizarin red S staining on days 7 and 10, and mineralization-related gene expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction on days 3, 7, and 10. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the culture with CNT on day 14. RESULTS CNT showed no cytotoxicity to HCEM cell proliferation. Treatment was performed with mineralization medium, CNT-induced HCEM mineralization on day 7, and increased calcium deposition on days 7 and 14. Messenger RNA expression of alkaline phosphatase was significantly increased throughout the experimental period, and bone sialoprotein was significantly increased on day 3 by CNT, whereas no effect was found on mRNA expression of type I collagen. CNT was observed in attachment to the cell surface on day 14. CONCLUSIONS CNT promotes the mineralization of HCEM cells, indicating the potential as a new bioactive component for apical periodontal tissue regeneration materials through the regulation of cementoblast mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Watanabe
- Oral Microbiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan; Department of Liberal Arts Education, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Muromachi
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Oral Microbiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tani-Ishii
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan.
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Sawada K, Shimomura J, Takedachi M, Murata M, Morimoto C, Kawasaki K, Kawakami K, Iwayama T, Murakami S. Activation of periodontal ligament cell cytodifferentiation by juxtacrine signaling from cementoblasts. J Periodontol 2024; 95:256-267. [PMID: 37492992 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New cementum forms from existing cementum during periodontal tissue regeneration, indicating that cementoblasts may interact with progenitor cells in the periodontal ligament to enhance cementogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms of this process are currently unknown. This study aims to clarify the role of cell-cell interactions between cementoblasts and periodontal ligament cells in differentiation into cementoblasts. METHODS To analyze the role of human cementoblast-like cells (HCEMs) on human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLs), we mixed cell suspensions of enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged HPDLs and HCEMs, and then seeded and cultured them in single wells (direct co-cultures). We sorted co-cultured HPDLs and analyzed their characteristics, including the expression of cementum-related genes. In addition, we cultured HPDLs and HCEMs in a non-contact environment using a culture system composed of an upper insert and a lower well separated by a semi-permeable membrane (indirect co-cultures), and similar analysis was performed. Gene expression of integrin-binding sialoprotein (IBSP) in cementoblasts was confirmed in mouse periodontal tissues. We also investigated the effect of Wingless-type (Wnt) signaling on the differentiation of HPDLs into cementoblasts. RESULTS Direct co-culture of HPDLs with HCEMs significantly upregulated the expression of cementoblast-related genes in HPDLs, whereas indirect co-culture exerted no effect. Wnt3A stimulation significantly upregulated IBSP expression in HPDLs, whereas inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling suppressed the effects of co-culture. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that direct cell interactions with cementoblasts promote periodontal ligament cell differentiation into cementoblasts. Juxtacrine signaling via the canonical Wnt pathway plays a role in this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Sawada
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junpei Shimomura
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Takedachi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Murata
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiaki Morimoto
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kawasaki
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kawakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Iwayama
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Astudillo-Ortiz E, Babo PS, Sunde PT, Galler KM, Gomez-Florit M, Gomes ME. Endodontic Tissue Regeneration: A Review for Tissue Engineers and Dentists. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:491-513. [PMID: 37051704 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The paradigm shift in the endodontic field from replacement toward regenerative therapies has witnessed the ever-growing research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine targeting pulp-dentin complex in the past few years. Abundant literature on the subject that has been produced, however, is scattered over diverse areas of knowledge. Moreover, the terminology and concepts are not always consensual, reflecting the range of research fields addressing this subject, from endodontics to biology, genetics, and engineering, among others. This fact triggered some misinterpretations, mainly when the denominations of different approaches were used as synonyms. The evaluation of results is not precise, leading to biased conjectures. Therefore, this literature review aims to conceptualize the commonly used terminology, summarize the main research areas on pulp regeneration, identify future trends, and ultimately clarify whether we are really on the edge of a paradigm shift in contemporary endodontics toward pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Astudillo-Ortiz
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Pedro S Babo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pia T Sunde
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kerstin M Galler
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Manuela E Gomes
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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Zeng Y, Liu L, Huang D, Song D. Immortalized cell lines derived from dental/odontogenic tissue. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03767-5. [PMID: 37039940 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells derived from dental/odontogenic tissue have the property of multiple differentiation and are prospective in tooth regenerative medicine and cellular and molecular studies. However, in the face of cellular senescence soon in vitro, the proliferation ability of the cells is limited, so studies are hindered to some extent. Fortunately, immortalization strategies are expected to solve the above issues. Cellular immortalization is that cells are immortalized by introducing oncogenes, human telomerase reverse transcriptase genes (hTERT), or miscellaneous immortalization genes to get unlimited proliferation. At present, a variety of immortalized stem cells from dental/odontogenic tissue has been successfully generated, such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), periodontal ligament cells (PDLs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), dental papilla cells (DPCs), and tooth germ mesenchymal cells (TGMCs). This review summarized establishment and applications of immortalized stem cells from dental/odontogenic tissues and then discussed the advantages and challenges of immortalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dongzhe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Ebadi M, Miresmaeili A, Shojaei S, Farhadi S, Rajabi S. Isolation and characterization of apical papilla cells from root end of human third molar and their differentiation into cementoblast cells: an in vitro study. Biol Proced Online 2023; 25:2. [PMID: 36690939 PMCID: PMC9869574 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal regeneration, treatment of periodontal-related diseases and improving the function of implants are global therapeutic challenges. The differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla into cementoblasts may provide a strategy for periodontitis treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the differentiation of primary human stem cells apical papilla (hSCAPs) to cementoblast cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS SCAPs cells were isolated from human third molar and then incubated for 21 days in a differentiation microenvironment. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin red S staining assays were performed to evaluate the calcium deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite in the cultured hSCAPs microenvironment. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was performed for cementum protein 1 (CEMP1), collagen type I (COL1), F-Spondin (SPON1), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) as specific markers of cementoblasts and their progenitors. RESULTS ALP phosphatase activity in day 21 of treatment demonstrated a significant increase in ALP compared to the control. Alizarin red S staining assay showed that the differentiated hSCAPs offered a great amount of calcium deposition nodules compared to the control. The increased expression level of CEMP1, OCN, OPN, COL1 and Spon1 was observed in days 7, 14 and 21 compared to the control, while greatest expression level was observed in day 21. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the differentiation microenviroment is convenient and useful for promoting the differentiation of hSCAPs into cementoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Ebadi
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirfarhang Miresmaeili
- grid.411950.80000 0004 0611 9280Orthodontic Department of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Hamadan Dental Research Centre, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Shojaei
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Stem Cells Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Farhadi
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Rajabi
- grid.419336.a0000 0004 0612 4397Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-derived reactive oxygen species stimulate ATP release via TRPA1 in human dental pulp cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12343. [PMID: 35853988 PMCID: PMC9296549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16559-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels are involved in calcium signaling in odontoblasts and dental pain. The resin monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), used in dental restorative procedures, is related to apoptotic cell death via oxidative stress. Although the TRPA1 channel is highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), the effect of HEMA-induced ROS on ATP release to the extracellular space and the TRPA1 channel has not been clarified in human dental pulp. In this study, we investigated the extracellular ATP signaling and TRPA1 activation by HEMA-derived ROS in immortalized human dental pulp cells (hDPSC-K4DT). Among the ROS-sensitive TRP channels, TRPA1 expression was highest in undifferentiated hDPSC-K4DT cells, and its expression levels were further enhanced by osteogenic differentiation. In differentiated hDPSC-K4DT cells, 30 mM HEMA increased intracellular ROS production and ATP release, although 3 mM HEMA had no effect. Pretreatment with the free radical scavenger PBN (N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone) or TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 suppressed HEMA-induced responses. These results suggest that ROS production induced by a higher dose of HEMA activates the TRPA1 channel in human dental pulp cells, leading to ATP release. These findings may contribute to the understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of tertiary dentin formation and pain in response to dental biomaterials.
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Hao Y, Wang Y, Du M, Wang L, Liu Z, Zhang C, Cao Z, He H. Effects of long noncoding RNA H19 on cementoblast differentiation, mineralisation, and proliferation. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:150-156. [PMID: 34392794 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.1966096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cementum which is a layer of thin and bone-like mineralised tissue covering tooth root surface is deposited and mineralised by cementoblasts. Recent studies suggested long noncoding RNA H19 (H19) promotes osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralisation, however, the effect of H19 on cementoblasts remains unknown. This study aimed to clarify the regulatory effects of H19 on cementoblast differentiation, mineralisation, and proliferation. MATERIAL AND METHODS An immortalised murine cementoblast cell line OCCM-30 was used in this study. H19 expression was examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) during OCCM-30 cell differentiation. OCCM-30 cells were transfected with lentivirus or siRNA to up-regulate or down-regulate H19, then the levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Sp7), alkaline phosphatase (Alpl), bone sialoprotein (Ibsp), osteocalcin (Bglap) were tested by RT-qPCR or western blot. Alizarin red staining, ALP activity assay and MTS assay were performed to determine the mineralisation and proliferation ability of OCCM-30 cells. RESULTS H19 was dramatically increased during OCCM-30 cell differentiation. Overexpression of H19 increased the levels of Runx2, Sp7, Alpl, Ibsp, and Bglap and enhanced ALP activity and the formation of mineral nodules. While down-regulation of H19 suppressed the above cementoblast differentiation genes and inhibited ALP activity and mineral nodule formation. However, the proliferation of OCCM-30 cells was not affected. CONCLUSIONS H19 promotes the differentiation and mineralisation of cementoblasts without affecting cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunru Hao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Leilei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
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Kunimatsu R, Kimura A, Sakata S, Tsuka Y, Yoshimi Y, Abe T, Kado I, Yashima Y, Izumino J, Nakatani A, Kitagawa M, Miyauchi M, Takata T, Tanimoto K. Effects of baicalin on the proliferation and expression of OPG and RANKL in human cementoblast-lineage cells. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:162-169. [PMID: 35028034 PMCID: PMC8739232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Baicalin, a natural bioactive flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, mediates bone metabolism, and recent studies have revealed that it has cell signaling properties. However, its biological functions in cementoblasts still remain unclear. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin on bone resorption markers, including osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL), in human cementoblast-lineage cells, as well as their proliferation ability. Materials and methods Human cementoblast cell line (HCEM) cells were cultured and treated with 0, 0.01, 0.1, or 1 μM of baicalin. The proliferative capacity of cultured HCEM cells was analyzed using bromodeoxyuridine immunoassay and cell counting. The baicalin effect on OPG and RANKL expression was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. Furthermore, OPG expression was measured in 1 μM baicalin-treated HCEM cells in the presence or absence of the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor, Dickkopf (Dkk)-1, using qPCR and western blotting. Results The addition of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM of baicalin did not significantly change the proliferative capacity of cultured HCEM cells. Compared with the non-supplemented group, baicalin increased and suppressed OPG and RANKL gene and protein expression, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. OPG mRNA and protein expression levels were increased by 1 μM baicalin, which was suppressed by Dkk-1 addition. Conclusion Baicalin enhanced OPG expression in HCEM cells through the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, which could contribute to periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kunimatsu
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aya Kimura
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shuzo Sakata
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsuka
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimi
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takaharu Abe
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Isamu Kado
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuka Yashima
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jin Izumino
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakatani
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masae Kitagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Takata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Tokuyama University, Tokuyama, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Hong HH, Chou TA, Hong A, Huang YF, Yen TH, Liang CH, Hong A, Hsiao HY, Nien CY. Calcitriol and enamel matrix derivative differentially regulated cementoinduction and mineralization in human periodontal ligament-derived cells. J Periodontol 2021; 93:1553-1565. [PMID: 34837709 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Alveolar bone and cementum share many biological and developmental similarities. The mineralizing effect of calcitriol has been previously reported. Yet, its cementoinductivity has not been confirmed. This study evaluated the potential cementoinductivity effect of calcitriol and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on human periodontal ligament-ligament derived cells (hPDCs). METHODS Human PDCs obtained from extracted third molars or premolars were cultured with calcitriol, or EMD. Cementogenic gene expression was examined using RT-qPCR. Expression analysis also included cementoblast-specific markers, Cementum Protein 1 (CEMP1), cementum attachment protein (CAP), and recently reported cementoblast-enriched genes, secreted frizzled related protein 1 (SFRP1), and Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1). Mineralization capacities were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red and Von Kossa staining followed by scanning electron microscope imaging and element mapping. RESULTS Among tested conditions, 10 nM calcitriol enhanced most cementogenic gene expression, Trans-forming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2 and BMP-4), Core-binding factor subunit alpha-1/Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Cbfa1/RUNX2), Type I collagen (Col-1), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN/SPP1), osteocalcin (OCN), CEMP1 and CAP, and Wnt signaling negative modulators, SFRP1 and DKK1, along with highest ALP activity and mineralization formation in hPDCs. However, only moderate CEMP-1 protein was observed. In contrast, EMD stimulated stronger CEMP-1 and CAP protein, but presented weaker mineralization capacity, hinting at the possibility that strong stimulation of mineralization might dominate cemetogenic specific factors and vice versa. CONCLUSION Calcitriol demonstrated not only great osteoinductivity, but also the potential to induce cementogenic gene expression by initiating hPDC differentiation and promoting mineralization. Compared to calcitriol, EMD promoted cementoinductivity in hPDCs at a later time point via highly expressed CEMP1 and CAP protein, but with less mineralization. Thus, calcitriol and EMD could provide differential enhancement of cementoinduction and mineralization, likely acting at various differentiation stages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Hsi Hong
- Department of Periodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ting-An Chou
- Department of Periodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Adrienne Hong
- Valley Consortium for Medical Education, Family Medicine Residency, University of California Davis, Modesto, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Fang Huang
- Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Oral medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hua Liang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Alex Hong
- Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Hsiao
- Center for tissue engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Nien
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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10
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Lee E, Kim YS, Lee YM, Kim WK, Lee YK, Kim SH. Identification of stemness and differentially expressed genes in human cementum-derived cells. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2021; 51:329-341. [PMID: 34713994 PMCID: PMC8558007 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2102600130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Periodontal treatment aims at complete regeneration of the periodontium, and developing strategies for periodontal regeneration requires a deep understanding of the tissues composing the periodontium. In the present study, the stemness characteristics and gene expression profiles of cementum-derived cells (CDCs) were investigated and compared with previously established human stem cells. Candidate marker proteins for CDCs were also explored. Methods Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), pulp stem cells (PULPSCs), and CDCs were isolated and cultured from extracted human mandibular third molars. Human bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were used as a positive control. To identify the stemness of CDCs, cell differentiation (osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic) and surface antigens were evaluated through flow cytometry. The expression of cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) and cementum attachment protein (CAP) was investigated to explore marker proteins for CDCs through reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. To compare the gene expression profiles of the 4 cell types, mRNA and miRNA microarray analysis of 10 samples of BMSCs (n=1), PDLSCs (n=3), PULPSCs (n=3), and CDCs (n=3) were performed. Results The expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers with a concomitant absence of hematopoietic markers was observed in PDLSCs, PULPSCs, CDCs and BMSCs. All 4 cell populations also showed differentiation into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. CEMP1 was strongly expressed in CDCs, while it was weakly detected in the other 3 cell populations. Meanwhile, CAP was not found in any of the 4 cell populations. The mRNA and miRNA microarray analysis showed that 14 mRNA genes and 4 miRNA genes were differentially expressed in CDCs vs. PDLSCs and PULPSCs. Conclusions Within the limitations of the study, CDCs seem to have stemness and preferentially express CEMP1. Moreover, there were several up- or down-regulated genes in CDCs vs. PDLSCs, PULPSCs, and BMSCs and these genes could be candidate marker proteins of CDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunHye Lee
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Sung Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Moo Lee
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Kyoo Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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11
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Murata K, Washio A, Morotomi T, Rojasawasthien T, Kokabu S, Kitamura C. Physicochemical Properties, Cytocompatibility, and Biocompatibility of a Bioactive Glass Based Retrograde Filling Material. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071828. [PMID: 34361212 PMCID: PMC8308453 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The ideal retrograde filling material that is easy to handle, has good physicochemical properties, and is biocompatible has not yet been developed. The current study reports the development of a novel bioactive glass based powder for use as a retrograde filling material that is capable of altering the consistency and hardening rate of mixtures when mixed with existing bioactive glass based cement. Furthermore, its physicochemical properties, in vitro effects on human cementoblast-like cells, and in vivo effects on inflammatory responses were evaluated. The surface of the hardened cement showed the formation of hydroxyapatite-like precipitates and calcium and silicate ions were eluted from the cement when the pH level was stabilized at 10.5. Additionally, the cement was found to be insoluble and exhibited favorable handling properties. No adverse effects on viability, proliferation, and expression of differentiated markers were observed in the in vitro experiment, and the cement was capable of inducing calcium deposition in the cells. Moreover, the cement demonstrated a lower number of infiltrated inflammatory cells compared to the other materials used in the in vivo mouse subcutaneous implantation experiment. These findings suggest that the retrograde filling material composed of bioactive glass and the novel bioactive glass based powder exhibits favorable physicochemical properties, cytocompatibility, and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Murata
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
| | - Ayako Washio
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-93-582-1131
| | - Takahiko Morotomi
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
| | - Thira Rojasawasthien
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Chiaki Kitamura
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
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12
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Kamata S, Kimura M, Ohyama S, Yamashita S, Shibukawa Y. Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels and Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channels in Human Cementoblasts. Front Physiol 2021; 12:634846. [PMID: 33959036 PMCID: PMC8093401 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.634846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cementum, which is excreted by cementoblasts, provides an attachment site for collagen fibers that connect to the alveolar bone and fix the teeth into the alveolar sockets. Transmembrane ionic signaling, associated with ionic transporters, regulate various physiological processes in a wide variety of cells. However, the properties of the signals generated by plasma membrane ionic channels in cementoblasts have not yet been described in detail. We investigated the biophysical and pharmacological properties of ion channels expressed in human cementoblast (HCEM) cell lines by measuring ionic currents using conventional whole-cell patch-clamp recording. The application of depolarizing voltage steps in 10 mV increments from a holding potential (Vh) of −70 mV evoked outwardly rectifying currents at positive potentials. When intracellular K+ was substituted with an equimolar concentration of Cs+, the outward currents almost disappeared. Using tail current analysis, the contributions of both K+ and background Na+ permeabilities were estimated for the outward currents. Extracellular application of tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) and iberiotoxin (IbTX) reduced the densities of the outward currents significantly and reversibly, whereas apamin and TRAM-34 had no effect. When the Vh was changed to −100 mV, we observed voltage-dependent inward currents in 30% of the recorded cells. These results suggest that HCEM express TEA- and IbTX-sensitive large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels and voltage-dependent Na+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kamata
- Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kimura
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sadao Ohyama
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Yamashita
- Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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The Effect of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 on the Mineralization of Human Cementoblasts. J Endod 2021; 47:606-611. [PMID: 33434566 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays an important role in bone mineralization and has been reported to promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. However, there is no report about the effects of TGF-β1 on human cementoblasts. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of TGF-β1 on the proliferation and differentiation of the human cementoblast cell line (HCEM) in vitro. METHODS HCEM cells were stimulated with TGF-β1 at concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 10 ng/mL. A proliferation assay was performed from 24-72 hours. The effect of TGF-β1 on mineralization was analyzed by quantifying the area stained with alizarin red on days 7 and 14. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the effect of TGF-β1 on the mineralization-related genes alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and type I collagen on days 3, 7, and 14. RESULTS TGF-β1 did not affect cell proliferation. TGF-β1 together with the mineralization medium (consisting of ascorbic acid, dexamethasone, and β-glycerophosphate) increased the alizarin red-stained area on days 7 and 14. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that alkaline phosphatase messenger RNA expression was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated HCEM cells in mineralization medium on days 3 and 7, whereas bone sialoprotein and type I collagen messenger RNA expression was increased on day 7. CONCLUSIONS Although TGF-β1 does not affect cell proliferation, it does promote cell differentiation and mineralization of HCEM cells.
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14
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Iwata T, Mizuno N, Nagahara T, Kaneda-Ikeda E, Kajiya M, Kitagawa M, Takeda K, Yoshioka M, Yagi R, Takata T, Kurihara H. Identification of regulatory mRNA and microRNA for differentiation into cementoblasts and periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2020; 56:69-82. [PMID: 32797637 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis causes periodontal tissue destruction and results in physiological tooth dysfunction. Therefore, periodontal regeneration is ideal therapy for periodontitis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are useful for periodontal regenerative therapy as they can differentiate into periodontal cells; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. In this study, we attempted to identify regulatory genes involved in periodontal cell differentiation and clarify the differentiation mechanism for effective periodontal regenerative therapy. BACKGROUND The cementum and periodontal ligament play important roles in physiological tooth function. Therefore, cementum and periodontal ligament regeneration are critical for periodontal regenerative therapy. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can be a common periodontal regenerative therapy because these cells have multipotency and self-renewal ability, which induces new cementum or periodontal ligament formation. Moreover, MSCs can differentiate into cementoblasts. Cementoblast- or periodontal ligament cell-specific proteins have been reported; however, it is unclear how these proteins are regulated. MicroRNA (miRNA) can also act as a key regulator of MSC function. Therefore, in this study, we identified regulatory genes involved in cementoblast or periodontal cell differentiation and commitment. METHODS Human MSCs (hMSCs), cementoblasts (HCEM), and periodontal ligament cells (HPL cells) were cultured, and mRNA or miRNA expression was evaluated. Additionally, cementoblast-specific genes were overexpressed or suppressed in hMSCs and their expression levels were investigated. RESULTS HCEM and HPL cells expressed characteristic genes, of which we focused on ets variant 1 (ETV1), miR-628-5p, and miR-383 because ETV1 is a differentiation-related transcription factor, miR-628-5p was the second-highest expressed gene in HCEM and lowest expressed gene in HPL cells, and miR-383 was the highest expressed gene in HCEM. miR-628-5p and miR-383 overexpression in hMSCs regulated ETV1 mRNA expression, and miR-383 overexpression downregulated miR-628-5p expression. Moreover, miR-383 suppression decreased miR-383 expression and enhanced ETV1 mRNA expression, but miR-383 suppression also decreased miR-628-5p. Furthermore, silencing of ETV1 expression in hMSCs regulated miR-628-5p and miR-383 expression. Concerning periodontal cell commitment, miR-628-5p, miR-383, and ETV1 regulated the expression of HCEM- or HPL cell-related genes by adjusting the expression of these miRNAs. CONCLUSION HCEM and HPL cells show characteristic mRNA and miRNA profiles. In particular, these cells have specific miR-383, miR-628-5p, and ETV1 expression patterns, and these genes interact with each other. Therefore, miR-383, miR-628-5p, and ETV1 are key genes involved in cementogenesis or HPL cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eri Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masae Kitagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Takeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Biological Endodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Minami Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yagi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Takata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Tokuyama University, Tokuyama, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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15
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Zhu J, Wang Y, Cao Z, Du M, Hao Y, Pan J, He H. Irisin promotes cementoblast differentiation via p38 MAPK pathway. Oral Dis 2020; 26:974-982. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yunru Hao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Jiawen Pan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
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16
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Kobayashi F, Uehara O, Ito C, Furusawa M, Abiko Y, Muramatsu T. DNA methylation of GJA1, BMP2 and BMP4 in a human cementoblast cell line induced by lipopolysaccharide. Int Endod J 2020; 53:804-811. [PMID: 32011747 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine DNA methylation of GJA1, BMP2 and BMP4 in human cementoblasts (HCEM) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODOLOGY HCEM were cultured in osteoinduction medium. After 24 h, Escherichia coli LPS (1 μg/mL) was added to the medium, which was changed every 2-3 days. Untreated samples were used as controls. Messenger RNA was extracted after 4 weeks, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for GJA1, BMP2, BMP4 and DNMT1 was performed. Genomic DNA was extracted after 4 weeks, and quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was carried out for GJA1, BMP2 and BMP4. To detect mineralization, alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase staining were performed. The cells were also treated with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5Aza) and examined. The significance of differences amongst groups was assessed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test with P < 0.05 being significant. RESULTS Decreased expression of mRNA was seen in GJA1, BMP2 and BMP4 after 4 weeks (P < 0.05). DNA hypermethylation was detected in GJA1, BMP2 and BMP4 (P < 0.05). Alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining revealed decreased mineralization levels in HCEM stimulated with LPS. 5Aza abolished the effects of DNA methylation in HCEM stimulated with LPS. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that long-term LPS stimulation induces DNA methylation of GJA1, BMP2 and BMP4 in HCEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kobayashi
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - O Uehara
- Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - C Ito
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Furusawa
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Abiko
- Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - T Muramatsu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Ge M, Zhou C, Li H, Li Y, Xu Y, Wang X, Zou S. Lithium chloride attenuates suppressed differentiation induced by mechanical strain in cementoblasts. Connect Tissue Res 2019; 60:444-451. [PMID: 30897979 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1593390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of mechanical strain on OCCM-30 cementoblast differentiation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity. Materials and Methods: Mechanical tension in the form of 2500-µ strain was applied to the cells using the Forcel four-point bending system, with or without the Wnt signaling activator, lithium chloride. Changes in cell differentiation and the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway components in response to strain and lithium chloride were assessed by real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. Results: The mRNA expression levels of the cementoblastogenesis-related genes alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, and collagen 1, were decreased with mechanical strain. Similarly, the Wnt signaling pathway component genes LRP5, AXIN2, and LEF1 were decreased. The immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that scant β-catenin underwent nuclear translocation after the cells were subjected to mechanical strain. Moreover, western blotting showed that the protein levels of both β-catenin and phosphorylated β-catenin were increased after mechanical strain. In the presence of lithium chloride, the differentiation that was suppressed by mechanical strain was attenuated. Conclusions: 2500-µ strain mechanical strain inhibited cementoblast differentiation activity in vitro, which could be alleviated by actviating Wnt/β-catenin signaling using lithium chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Ge
- a Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital , Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics , West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics , West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Huang Li
- a Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital , Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yuyu Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics , West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Yang Xu
- b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics , West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Xin Wang
- b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics , West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics , West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
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18
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Lee DJ, Ryu JS, Shimono M, Lee KW, Lee JM, Jung HS. Differential Healing Patterns of Mucosal Seal on Zirconia and Titanium Implant. Front Physiol 2019; 10:796. [PMID: 31333481 PMCID: PMC6616312 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zirconia implants have become an alternative to titanium implants due to several advantages. The zirconia implant is relatively esthetic and highly resistant to bacteria. While biomaterial studies for zirconia implants have considerably accumulated, in vivo studies have not yet progressed. In the present study, the functional and biological properties of zirconia implants were analyzed thorough in vitro and in vivo studies. The proliferation properties of periodontal cells on the discs of machined surface titanium, hydroxyapatite coated titanium and zirconia were analyzed, and zirconia was shown to be favorable. In addition, small implant fixtures that can be applied to the jawbone of mice were manufactured and transplanted to C57BL/6 mice. The adhesion molecules expression patterns in peri-implant mucosa suggest a stronger mucosal seal and more adequate prevention of peri-implant epithelium (PIE) elongation in the zirconia implant when compared with other conventional materials. Differential laminin-332 expression in peri-implant mucosa of zirconia implants seems to regulate the PIE elongation. In conclusion, zirconia was found to be promising and advantageous with regards to the mucosal seal. And biological width (BW) of peri-implant mucosa is more desirable in zirconia implants compared to conventional titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Joon Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon-Sang Ryu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Masaki Shimono
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keun-Woo Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Xu Y, Lv C, Zhang J, Li Y, Li T, Zhang C, Chen J, Bai D, Yin X, Zou S. Intermittent parathyroid hormone promotes cementogenesis in a PKA- and ERK1/2-dependent manner. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1002-1013. [PMID: 31026057 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) promotes cementogenesis and provides a promising biotherapeutic to rehabilitate resorbed roots. However, the underlying mechanisms remain inconclusive. Cyclic aenosine monophosphate (AMP)-dependent protein kinases A (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) are key regulators of bone remodeling. The present study aims to investigate whether PKA and ERK1/2 are involved in the process of intermittent PTH-promoted cementogenesis. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats in experimental group (n = 30) received a daily subcutaneous injection of PTH and the control (n = 30) received placebo vehicle for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks. Results were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. In vitro, OCCM-30 cells were incubated with intermittent PTH. H89 and U0126 were used to determine the role of PKA and ERK1/2, respectively. The cementogenic results were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, alkaline phosphatase activity assay and Alizarin Red S staining. The interaction of PKA and p-ERK1/2 was determined by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). RESULTS Intermittent PTH exerted anabolic effect on cellular cementum in developing teeth with elevated expression of osteocalcin, osteopontin, and PKA (catalytic subunit) in PTH injection group. The promoting effects of intermittent PTH on cementogenesis and osteogenic differentiation were abrogated by H89 and U0126 in vitro, respectively. Blocking of PKA pathway downregulated intermittent PTH-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent PTH promotes cementogenesis in a PKA- and ERK1/2-dependent manner. In this process, PKA and p-ERK1/2 interact with each other. These results support the future biotherapeutic applications of PTH in cementum resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ding Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Kanzaki H, Wada S, Yamaguchi Y, Katsumata Y, Itohiya K, Fukaya S, Miyamoto Y, Narimiya T, Noda K, Nakamura Y. Compression and tension variably alter Osteoprotegerin expression via miR-3198 in periodontal ligament cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:6. [PMID: 31041888 PMCID: PMC6449962 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoclasts play a critical role in bone resorption due to orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). In OTM, a force is exerted on the tooth, creating compression of the periodontal ligament (PDL) on one side of the tooth, and tension on the other side. In response to these mechanical stresses, the balance of receptor activator of nuclear-factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) shifts to stimulate osteoclastogenesis. However, the mechanism of OPG expression in PDL cells under different mechanical stresses remains unclear. We hypothesized that compression and tension induce different microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles, which account for the difference in OPG expression in PDL cells. To study miRNA expression profiles resulting from OTM, compression force (2 g/cm2) or tension force (15% elongation) was applied to immortalized human PDL (HPL) cells for 24 h, and miRNA extracted. The miRNA expression in each sample was analyzed using a human miRNA microarray, and the changes of miRNA expression were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. In addition, miR-3198 mimic and inhibitor were transfected into HPL cells, and OPG expression and production assessed. Results We found that certain miRNAs were expressed differentially under compression and tension. For instance, we observed that miR-572, − 663, − 575, − 3679-5p, UL70-3p, and − 3198 were upregulated only by compression. Real-time RT-PCR confirmed that compression induced miR-3198 expression, but tension reduced it, in HPL cells. Consistent with previous reports, OPG expression was reduced by compression and induced by tension, though RANKL was induced by both compression and tension. OPG expression was upregulated by miR-3198 inhibitor, and was reduced by miR-3198 mimic, in HPL cells. We observed that miR-3198 inhibitor rescued the compression-mediated downregulation of OPG. On the other hand, miR-3198 mimic reduced OPG expression under tension. However, RANKL expression was not affected by miR-3198 inhibitor or mimic. Conclusions We conclude that miR-3198 is upregulated by compression and is downregulated by tension, suggesting that miR-3198 downregulates OPG expression in response to mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Tohoku University Hospital, Maxillo-oral Disorders, Sendai, Japan. .,Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yuuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Katsumata
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Kanako Itohiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Sari Fukaya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miyamoto
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Noda
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref, 230-8501, Japan
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21
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Wang Y, Chen S, Yan Z, Pei M. A prospect of cell immortalization combined with matrix microenvironmental optimization strategy for tissue engineering and regeneration. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:7. [PMID: 30627420 PMCID: PMC6321683 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a major hurdle for primary cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Telomere erosion, oxidative stress, the expression of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressor genes all may account for the cellular senescence process with the involvement of various signaling pathways. To establish immortalized cell lines for research and clinical use, strategies have been applied including internal genomic or external matrix microenvironment modification. Considering the potential risks of malignant transformation and tumorigenesis of genetic manipulation, environmental modification methods, especially the decellularized cell-deposited extracellular matrix (dECM)-based preconditioning strategy, appear to be promising for tissue engineering-aimed cell immortalization. Due to few review articles focusing on this topic, this review provides a summary of cell senescence and immortalization and discusses advantages and limitations of tissue engineering and regeneration with the use of immortalized cells as well as a potential rejuvenation strategy through combination with the dECM approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Song Chen
- 3Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, 610083 Sichuan China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ming Pei
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,4WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
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22
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Zhao Z, Li J, Ding XN, Zhou L, Sun DG. ADAM28 dramatically regulates the biological features of human gingival fibroblasts. Odontology 2018; 107:333-341. [PMID: 30552542 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-018-0403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was to explore the effects of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 28 (ADAM28) on the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and probable mechanism. After ADAM28 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) and sense oligodeoxynucleotide (S-ODN) were transfected into HGFs by Lipofectamine 2000, respectively, the expression discrepancies of ADAM28 among various groups were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western-blotting. Methabenzthiazuron (MTT) and cell-cycle assays were used to test the HGFs proliferation activity. Annexin V fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) analysis were performed separately to measure apoptosis and the cytodifferentiation standard. Immunocytochemistry and Western-blotting were carried out to determine the influence of ADAM28 AS-ODN on HGFs expressing core binding factor α1 (Cbfα1), cementum protein 1 (CEMP1), osteopontin (OPN) and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1). The AS-ODN group displayed the lowest expression level in HGFs, meanwhile the ADAM28 S-ODN group showed the highest. Furthermore, blocking of ADAM28 could inhibit the proliferation of HGFs, enhance HGFs differentiation and induce apoptosis of HGFs. Whereas, overexpression of ADAM28 generated the opposite effects and inhibited apoptosis. ADAM28 AS-ODN was able to notably suppress the expressions of Cbfα1 and CEMP1, and ADAM28 had positive correlations with cbfα1 and CEMP1. These provided conspicuous evidence that ADAM28 may play a crucial role in root development as a potential regulator of growth, differentiation, and apoptosis of HGFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, No.17 De-xian Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Li
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, No.17 De-xian Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Na Ding
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, No.17 De-xian Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, No.17 De-xian Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Gang Sun
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, No.17 De-xian Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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23
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Muramatsu T, Kashiwagi S, Ishizuka H, Matsuura Y, Furusawa M, Kimura M, Shibukawa Y. Alkaline extracellular conditions promote the proliferation and mineralization of a human cementoblast cell line. Int Endod J 2018; 52:639-645. [PMID: 30447154 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the proliferation and mineralization of a human cementoblast cell line under alkaline conditions. METHODOLOGY A human cementoblast cell line was cultured in alkaline media with several pHs (pH 7.6, 8.0 and 8.4) without CO2 . Cell numbers, phospho-p44/42 expression, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization were evaluated. The significance of differences between groups was assessed using two-way analysis of variance 15 (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test (α = 0.01). RESULTS Cell numbers increased in a time-dependent manner in the high pH medium groups. Western blot analysis revealed the upregulated expression of phospho-p44/42 under alkaline conditions. ALP activity was also increased at pH 8.0 and 8.4. Alizarin red staining revealed increased mineralization in the high pH medium groups. The incorporation of the transient receptor potential ankyrin subfamily member 1 (TRPA1) antagonist HC030031 markedly negated the effect on proliferation and mineralization. CONCLUSIONS Extracellular alkaline conditions promoted the proliferation and mineralization of human cementoblasts in vitro via TRPA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muramatsu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kashiwagi
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ishizuka
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Matsuura
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Furusawa
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Kimura
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Shibukawa
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Liu X, Sun H, Yu M, Liu J, Yang B, Wu Y, Wang J. DDIT3 regulates cementoblast mineralization by isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 through nuclear factor-κB pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:11602-11609. [PMID: 30488444 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DDIT3 is of great importance in endoplasmic reticulum stress and is involved in many inflammatory diseases and mineralization processes. The cementum protects teeth from periodontitis and provides attachment for Sharpey's fibers of the periodontal ligament. However, the effect of DDIT3 on cementoblast differentiation remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that DDIT3 was suppressed during cementoblast differentiation. Knockdown of DDIT3 increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of several key osteogenic markers in vitro, including alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin (OCN). In addition, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) was increased during cementoblast differentiation, and knockdown of DDIT3 increased the protein and mRNA levels of IDH1. Furthermore, inhibition of IDH1 could partially reduce the effect of DDIT3 on cementoblast differentiation. The DDIT3 knockdown activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity and upregulated the expression of p-p65 and p-IκBα. The increased osteogenic differentiation ability and IDH1 expression, as induced by the DDIT3 knockdown, could be partially turned over by the addition of NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082. Overall, our data clarified that DDIT3 suppresses cementoblast differentiation through IDH1, via the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayi Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hualing Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Beining Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanru Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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25
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Kim EJ, Lee MJ, Kim HY, Green DW, Takata T, Jung HS. Inhibitory effect of IFITM5 on cementoblast differentiation is associated with Wnt signaling. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1176-1179. [PMID: 30247497 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Yi Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - David William Green
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Takashi Takata
- Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Twist1 Suppresses Cementoblast Differentiation. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6:dj6040057. [PMID: 30336637 PMCID: PMC6313437 DOI: 10.3390/dj6040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Twist1 is known to be closely associated with the formation of bone by mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts; however, the role of Twist1 in cementogenesis has not yet been determined. This study was undertaken to elucidate the roles of Twist1 in cementoblast differentiation by means of the gain- or loss-of-function method. We used alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red S staining and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to determine whether the forced transient expression or knock-down of Twist1 in a mouse cementoblast cell line, OCCM-30, could affect cementogenic differentiation. Silencing Twist1 with small interference RNA (siRNA) enhanced the formation of mineralized tissue. The expression of several cementogenesis markers, such as bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN), dentin matrix protein1 (DMP1), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) mRNA, were upregulated. Transient Twist1 overexpression in OCCM-30 consistently suppressed mineralization capacity and downregulated the differentiation markers. These results suggest that the Twist1 transcription factor may play a role in regulating cementoblast differentiation.
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27
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Chen C, Zhang J, Ling J, Du Y, Hou Y. Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells into osteoblasts. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2403-2414. [PMID: 30106129 PMCID: PMC6192769 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental follicle stem/progenitor cells have the potential to undergo osteogenesis. naked cuticle homolog 2 (Nkd2) is a signal-inducible feedback antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the function of Nkd2 in the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells (DFSCs) into osteoblasts. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were employed to detect Nkd2 expression in rat DFSCs. In addition, rat DFSCs (rDFSCs) were transfected with small interfering RNAs to examine the effect of Nkd2 on the differentiation of these cells into osteoblasts. Furthermore, the function of Nkd2 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in rDFSCs was investigated using β-catenin/T-cell factor luciferase activity assays and western blotting. It was revealed that the expression of Nkd2 was upregulated during the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts. Furthermore, osteoblast differentiation ability and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity were significantly decreased in Nkd2-silenced rDFSCs compared with the si-NC group (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). The results suggest that Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts through Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hu'nan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yuluan Hou
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
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Bae WJ, Park JS, Kang SK, Kwon IK, Kim EC. Effects of Melatonin and Its Underlying Mechanism on Ethanol-Stimulated Senescence and Osteoclastic Differentiation in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells and Cementoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061742. [PMID: 29895782 PMCID: PMC6032161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the protective effects of melatonin in ethanol (EtOH)-induced senescence and osteoclastic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs) and cementoblasts and the underlying mechanism. EtOH increased senescence activity, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of cell cycle regulators (p53, p21 and p16) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) genes (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α) in HPDLCs and cementoblasts. Melatonin inhibited EtOH-induced senescence and the production of ROS as well as the increased expression of cell cycle regulators and SASP genes. However, it recovered EtOH-suppressed osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation, as evidenced by alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and mRNA expression levels of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteoblastic and cementoblastic markers (glucose transporter 1 and cementum-derived protein-32) in HPDLCs and cementoblasts. Moreover, it inhibited EtOH-induced osteoclastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow⁻derived macrophages (BMMs). Inhibition of protein never in mitosis gene A interacting-1 (PIN1) by juglone or small interfering RNA reversed the effects of melatonin on EtOH-mediated senescence as well as osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation. Melatonin blocked EtOH-induced activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) c-1 pathways, which was reversed by inhibition of PIN1. This is the first study to show the protective effects of melatonin on senescence-like phenotypes and osteoclastic differentiation induced by oxidative stress in HPDLCs and cementoblasts through the PIN1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Jung Bae
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jae Suh Park
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Soo-Kyung Kang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Il-Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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Wnt3a promotes differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into cementoblast-like cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:468-476. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Wang C, Liao H, Sun H, Zhang Y, Cao Z. MicroRNA-3064-3p regulates the differentiation of cementoblasts through targeting DKK1. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:705-713. [PMID: 29704238 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME); School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - H. Liao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME); School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - H. Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME); School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Periodontology; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Y. Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME); School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Implantology; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Z. Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME); School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Periodontology; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
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Interleukin-1β induces human cementoblasts to support osteoclastogenesis. Int J Oral Sci 2017; 9:e5. [PMID: 29235551 PMCID: PMC5729550 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury of the periodontium followed by inflammatory response often leads to root resorption. Resorption is accomplished by osteoclasts and their generation may depend on an interaction with the cells in direct contact with the root, the cementoblasts. Our study aimed to investigate the role of human cementoblasts in the formation of osteoclasts and the effect of interleukin (IL)-1β hereupon. Extracted teeth from healthy volunteers were subjected to sequential digestion by type I collagenase and trypsin. The effect of enzymatic digestion on the presence of cells on the root surface was analyzed by histology. Gene expression of primary human cementoblasts (pHCB) was compared with a human cementoblast cell line (HCEM). The pHCBs were analyzed for their expression of IL-1 receptors as well as of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). In a co-culture system consisting of osteoclast precursors (blood monocytes) and pHCBs, the formation of osteoclasts and their resorptive activity was assessed by osteo-assay and ivory slices. The cells obtained after a 120 min enzyme digestion expressed the highest level of bone sialoprotein, similar to that of HCEM. This fraction of isolated cells also shared a similar expression pattern of IL-1 receptors (IL1-R1 and IL1-R2). Treatment with IL-1β potently upregulated RANKL expression but not of OPG. pHCBs were shown to induce the formation of functional osteoclasts. This capacity was significantly stimulated by pretreating the pHCBs with IL-1β prior to their co-culture with human blood monocytes. Our study demonstrated that cementoblasts have the capacity to induce osteoclastogenesis, a capacity strongly promoted by IL-1β. These results may explain why osteoclasts can be formed next to the root of teeth. An investigation into the interaction between tooth root cells and an inflammatory protein sheds light on root degradation following injury. Osteoclast cells digest old bone to release nutrients and recycle bone tissues in a vital process called bone resorption. Cementum, the mineral substance covering tooth roots, is not usually resorbed, but injury to the tissues surrounding roots often triggers inflammation followed by root degradation. To understand this phenomenon better, Ruchanee Salingcarnboriboon Ampornaramveth at Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok, Thailand, and co-workers investigated whether cementum cells can promote the formation of osteoclasts. They found that when cementum cells were treated with interleukin 1 beta, an inflammatory protein expressed at high levels in tissues following injury, levels of another protein needed for osteoclast formation increased. This boosted osteoclast formation around roots, resulting in root resorption
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Kim EC, Park J, Kwon IK, Lee SW, Park SJ, Ahn SJ. Static magnetic fields promote osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation in osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2017; 47:273-291. [PMID: 29093986 PMCID: PMC5663666 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2017.47.5.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although static magnetic fields (SMFs) have been used in dental prostheses and osseointegrated implants, their biological effects on osteoblastic and cementoblastic differentiation in cells involved in periodontal regeneration remain unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of SMFs (15 mT) on the osteoblastic and cementoblastic differentiation of human osteoblasts, periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), and cementoblasts, and to explore the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Methods Differentiation was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodule formation based on Alizarin red staining, calcium content, and the expression of marker mRNAs assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Signaling pathways were analyzed by western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Results The activities of the early marker ALP and the late markers matrix mineralization and calcium content, as well as osteoblast- and cementoblast-specific gene expression in osteoblasts, PDLCs, and cementoblasts were enhanced. SMFs upregulated the expression of Wnt proteins, and increased the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and total β-catenin protein expression. Furthermore, p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways were activated. Conclusions SMF treatment enhanced osteoblastic and/or cementoblastic differentiation in osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and PDLCs. These findings provide a molecular basis for the beneficial osteogenic and/or cementogenic effect of SMFs, which could have potential in stimulating bone or cementum formation during bone regeneration and in patients with periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Institute of Oral Biology, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaesuh Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Institute of Oral Biology, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Won Lee
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthodontics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jung Park
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthodontics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Ahn
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthodontics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Yang B, Sun H, Song F, Wu Y, Wang J. Yes-associated protein 1 promotes the differentiation and mineralization of cementoblast. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2213-2224. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beining Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Hualing Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Fangfang Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Yanru Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School & Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei China
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Lee DJ, Lee JM, Kim EJ, Takata T, Abiko Y, Okano T, Green DW, Shimono M, Jung HS. Bio-implant as a novel restoration for tooth loss. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7414. [PMID: 28784994 PMCID: PMC5547161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07819-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A dental implant is used to replace a missing tooth. Fixing the implant in its natural position requires the engineering of a substantial amount of conformal bone growth inside the implant socket, osseointegration. However, this conventional implant attachment does not include the periodontal ligament (PDL), which has a fundamental role in cushioning high mechanical loads. As a result, tooth implants have a shorter lifetime than the natural tooth and have a high chance of infections. We have engineered a "bio-implant" that provides a living PDL connection for titanium implants. The bio-implant consists of a hydroxyapatite coated titanium screw, ensheathed in cell sheets made from immortalized human periodontal cells. Bio-implants were transplanted into the upper first molar region of a tooth-extraction mouse model. Within 8 weeks the bio-implant generated fibrous connective tissue, a localised blood vessel network and new bone growth fused into the alveolar bone socket. The study presents a bio-implant engineered with human cells, specialised for the root connection, and resulted in the partial reconstruction of a naturalised tooth attachment complex (periodontium), consisting of all the principal tissue types, cementum, PDL and alveolar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Joon Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Takashi Takata
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Abiko
- Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David W Green
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Masaki Shimono
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea. .,Applied Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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Wang X, Sun H, Liao H, Wang C, Jiang C, Zhang Y, Cao Z. MicroRNA-155-3p Mediates TNF-α-Inhibited Cementoblast Differentiation. J Dent Res 2017; 96:1430-1437. [PMID: 28692806 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517718790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- X. Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H. Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H. Liao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - C. Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - C. Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y. Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Z. Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Zhang YY, Huang YP, Zhao HX, Zhang T, Chen F, Liu Y. Cementogenesis is inhibited under a mechanical static compressive force via Piezo1. Angle Orthod 2017; 87:618-624. [PMID: 28418701 DOI: 10.2319/110616-799.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether Piezo1, a mechanotransduction gene mediates the cementogenic activity of cementoblasts under a static mechanical compressive force. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine cementoblasts (OCCM-30) were exposed to a 2.0 g/cm2 static compressive force for 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Then the expression profile of Piezo1 and the cementogenic activity markers osteoprotegerin (Opg), osteopontin (Opn), osteocalcin (Oc), and protein tyrosine phosphataselike member A (Ptpla) were analyzed. Opg, Opn, Oc, and Ptpla expression was further measured after using siRNA to knock down Piezo1. Real-time PCR, Western blot, and cell proliferation assays were performed according to standard procedures. RESULTS After mechanical stimulation, cell morphology and proliferation did not change significantly. The expression of Piezo1, Opg, Opn, Oc, and Ptpla was significantly decreased, with a high positive correlation between Opg and Piezo1 expression. After Piezo1 knockdown, the expression of Opg, Opn, Oc, and Ptpla was further decreased under mechanical stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Cementogenic activity was inhibited in OCCM-30 cells under static mechanical force, a process that was partially mediated by the decrease of Piezo1. This study provides a new viewpoint of the pathogenesis mechanism of orthodontically induced root resorption and repair.
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Wada S, Kanzaki H, Narimiya T, Nakamura Y. Novel device for application of continuous mechanical tensile strain to mammalian cells. Biol Open 2017; 6:518-524. [PMID: 28302667 PMCID: PMC5399557 DOI: 10.1242/bio.023671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
During orthodontic tooth movement, the periodontal ligament (PDL) is exposed to continuous mechanical strain. However, many researchers have applied cyclic tensile strain, not continuous tensile strain, to PDL cells in vitro because there has been no adequate device to apply continuous tensile strain to cultured cells. In this study, we contrived a novel device designed to apply continuous tensile strain to cells in culture. The continuous tensile strain was applied to human immortalized periodontal ligament cell line (HPL cells) and the cytoskeletal structures of HPL cells were examined by immunohistochemistry. The expression of both inflammatory and osteogenic markers was also examined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The osteogenic protein, Osteopontin (OPN), was also detected by western blot analysis. The actin filaments of HPL cells showed uniform arrangement under continuous tensile strain. The continuous tensile strain increased the expression of inflammatory genes such as IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2 and TNF-α, and osteogenic genes such as RUNX2 and OPN in HPL cells. It also elevated the expression of OPN protein in HPL cells. These results suggest that our new simple device is useful for exploring the responses to continuous tensile strain applied to the cells. Summary: Continuous tensile strain from the device changed the cell morphology and increased the expression of inflammatory and osteogenic gene. These effects were similar to those in the PDL during orthodontic tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
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Narimiya T, Wada S, Kanzaki H, Ishikawa M, Tsuge A, Yamaguchi Y, Nakamura Y. Orthodontic tensile strain induces angiogenesis via type IV collagen degradation by matrix metalloproteinase-12. J Periodontal Res 2017; 52:842-852. [PMID: 28393366 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), periodontal ligament (PDL) is remodeled dynamically, which requires sufficient blood supply for the regeneration of PDL. However, little is known about the remodeling of blood vessels during OTM. In this study, we hypothesized that the orthodontic tensile strain upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) expression in the tension zone and induces angiogenesis via degradation of type IV collagen (Col-IV) in vascular endothelial basement membrane during the early stage of OTM. MATERIAL AND METHODS Temporal and spatial MMP-12 expression in the tension zone of PDL, during the early stage of OTM, were examined by immunohistochemistry in rats. Continuous tensile strain was applied to cultured human immortalized PDL cell lines (HPL cells) and MMP-12 expression was examined in vitro. Colocalization of MMP-12 and Col-IV in vivo were examined by immunohistochemistry. To investigate whether MMP-12 produced by HPL cells could degrade Col-IV, recombinant Col-IV was incubated in the culture supernatants of HPL cells. Intact Col-IV in vitro was also examined by western blot analysis. Finally, the changes in blood vessels in the PDL were examined by micro-computed tomography analysis with perfused contrast agents and by conventional histological analysis. RESULTS Orthodontic tensile strain induced MMP-12 expression in PDL cells in vivo and in vitro. Immunohistochemistry revealed that MMP-12-positive cells were observed adjacent to the Col-IV-positive tubular area in the tension zone of PDL. MMP-12 in culture supernatant of HPL cells degraded recombinant Col-IV, and specific MMP-12 inhibitor blocked the Col-IV degradation. Micro-computed tomography analysis and conventional histological analysis demonstrated that the areas of blood vessels were increased in the tension zone of the PDL after OTM. CONCLUSION We discovered that the orthodontic tensile strain upregulates MMP-12 expression in the tension zone of PDL and induces angiogenesis via degradation of Col-IV in the vascular endothelial basement membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - S Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Kanzaki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Ishikawa
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Tsuge
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Park KH, Cho EH, Bae WJ, Kim HS, Lim HC, Park YD, Lee MO, Cho ES, Kim EC. Role of PIN1 on in vivo periodontal tissue and in vitro cells. J Periodontal Res 2017; 52:617-627. [PMID: 28198538 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although expression of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) was reported in bone tissue, the precise role of PIN1 in periodontal tissue and cells remain unclear. MATERIAL & METHODS To elucidate the roles of PIN1 in periodontal tissue, its expression in periodontal tissue and cells, and effects on in vitro 4 osteoblast differentiation and the underlying signaling mechanisms were evaluated. RESULTS PIN1 was expressed in mouse periodontal tissues including periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), cementoblasts and osteoblasts at the developing root formation stage (postnatal, PN14) and functional stage of tooth (PN28). Treatment of PIN1 inhibitor juglone, and gene silencing by RNA interference promoted osteoblast differentiation in PDLCs and cementoblasts, whereas the overexpression of PIN1 inhibited. Moreover, osteogenic medium-induced activation of AMPK, mTOR, Akt, ERK, p38 and NF-jB pathways were enhanced by PIN1 siRNA, but attenuated by PIN1 overexpression. Runx2 expressions were induced by PIN1 siRNA, but downregulated by PIN1 overexpression. CONCLUSION In summary, this study is the first to demonstrate that PIN1 is expressed in developing periodontal tissue, and in vitro PDLCs and cementoblasts. PIN1 inhibition stimulates osteoblast differentiation, and thus may play an important role in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-H Park
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - E-H Cho
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - W-J Bae
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, and Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-S Kim
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-C Lim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-D Park
- Department of Preventive and Society Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-O Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - E-S Cho
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - E-C Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, and Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Bae WJ, Auh QS, Lim HC, Kim GT, Kim HS, Kim EC. Sonic Hedgehog Promotes Cementoblastic Differentiation via Activating the BMP Pathways. Calcif Tissue Int 2016; 99:396-407. [PMID: 27289556 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although sonic hedgehog (SHH), an essential molecule in embryogenesis and organogenesis, stimulates proliferation of human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells, the effects of recombinant human SHH (rh-SHH) on osteoblastic differentiation are unclear. To reveal the role of SHH in periodontal regeneration, expression of SHH in mouse periodontal tissues and its effects on the osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation in human cementoblasts were investigated. SHH is immunolocalized to differentiating cementoblasts, PDL cells, and osteoblasts of the developing mouse periodontium. Addition of rh-SHH increased cell growth, ALP activity, and mineralization nodule formation, and upregulated mRNA expression of osteoblastic and cementoblastic markers. The osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation of rh-SHH was abolished by the SHH inhibitor cyclopamine (Cy) and the BMP antagonist noggin. rh-SHH increased the expression of BMP-2 and -4 mRNA, as well as levels of phosphorylated Akt, ERK, p38, and JNK, and of MAPK and NF-κB activation, which were reversed by noggin, Cy, and BMP-2 siRNA. Collectively, this study is the first to demonstrate that SHH can promote cell growth and cell osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation via BMP pathway. Thus, SHH plays important roles in the development of periodontal tissue, and might represent a new therapeutic target for periodontitis and periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Jung Bae
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry and Research Center for Tooth & Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), Kyung Hee University, 14 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Q-Schick Auh
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Chang Lim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Tae Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry and Research Center for Tooth & Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), Kyung Hee University, 14 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02453, Republic of Korea.
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Human odontogenic epithelial cells derived from epithelial rests of Malassez possess stem cell properties. J Transl Med 2016; 96:1063-75. [PMID: 27479086 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) are quiescent epithelial remnants of the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) that are involved in the formation of tooth roots. ERM cells are unique epithelial cells that remain in periodontal tissues throughout adult life. They have a functional role in the repair/regeneration of cement or enamel. Here, we isolated odontogenic epithelial cells from ERM in the periodontal ligament, and the cells were spontaneously immortalized. Immortalized odontogenic epithelial (iOdE) cells had the ability to form spheroids and expressed stem cell-related genes. Interestingly, iOdE cells underwent osteogenic differentiation, as demonstrated by the mineralization activity in vitro in mineralization-inducing media and formation of calcification foci in iOdE cells transplanted into immunocompromised mice. These findings suggest that a cell population with features similar to stem cells exists in ERM and that this cell population has a differentiation capacity for producing calcifications in a particular microenvironment. In summary, iOdE cells will provide a convenient cell source for tissue engineering and experimental models to investigate tooth growth, differentiation, and tumorigenesis.
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Yoshimi Y, Kunimatsu R, Hirose N, Awada T, Miyauchi M, Takata T, Li W, Zhu L, Denbesten P, Tanne K, Tanimoto K. Effects of C-Terminal Amelogenin Peptide on Proliferation of Human Cementoblast Lineage Cells. J Periodontol 2016; 87:820-7. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Korb K, Katsikogianni E, Zingler S, Daum E, Lux CJ, Hohenstein A, Erber R. Inhibition of AXUD1 attenuates compression-dependent apoptosis of cementoblasts. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20:2333-2341. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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MATSUNAGA K, ITO C, NAKAKOGAWA K, SUGIUCHI A, SAKO R, FURUSAWA M, MURAMATSU T. Response to light compressive force in human cementoblasts in vitro . Biomed Res 2016; 37:293-298. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.37.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji MATSUNAGA
- Department of Endodontics and Clinical Cariology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Chika ITO
- Department of Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College
| | | | - Akina SUGIUCHI
- Department of Endodontics and Clinical Cariology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Ryo SAKO
- Department of Endodontics and Clinical Cariology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Masahiro FURUSAWA
- Department of Endodontics and Clinical Cariology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Takashi MURAMATSU
- Department of Endodontics and Clinical Cariology, Tokyo Dental College
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Wen X, Liu L, Deng M, Liu R, Zhang L, Nie X. In vitro cementoblast-like differentiation of postmigratory neural crest-derived p75(+) stem cells with dental follicle cell conditioned medium. Exp Cell Res 2015; 337:76-86. [PMID: 26165934 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cranial neural crest-derived cells (CNCCs) play important role in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during tooth morphogenesis. However, the heterogeneity of CNCCs and their tendency to spontaneously differentiate along smooth muscle or osteoblast lineages in vitro limit further understanding of their biological properties. We studied the differentiation properties of isolated rat embryonic postmigratory CNCCs, expressing p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). These p75NTR positive (p75(+)) CNCCs, isolated using fluorescence activated cell sorter, exhibited fibroblast-like morphology and characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. Incubation of p75(+) CNCCs in dental follicle cell conditioned medium (DFCCM) combined with dentin non-collagenous proteins (dNCPs), altered their morphological features to cementoblast-like appearance. These cells also showed low proliferative activity, high ALP activity and significantly increased calcified nodule formation. Markers related to mineralization or specific to cementoblast lineage were highly expressed in dNCPs/DFCCM-treated p75(+) cells, suggesting their differentiation along cementoblast-like lineage. p75(+) stem cells selected from postmigratory CNCCs represent a pure stem cell population and could be used as a stem cell model for in vitro studies due to their intrinsic ability to differentiate to neuronal cells and transform from neuroectoderm to ectomesenchyme. They can provide a potential stem cell resource for tooth engineering studies and help to further investigate mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in tooth morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Wen
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Luchuan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Manjing Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Cao Z, Liu R, Zhang H, Liao H, Zhang Y, Hinton RJ, Feng JQ. Osterix controls cementoblast differentiation through downregulation of Wnt-signaling via enhancing DKK1 expression. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:335-44. [PMID: 25678852 PMCID: PMC4323373 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.10874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osterix (Osx), a transcriptional factor essential for osteogenesis, is also critical for in vivo cellular cementum formation. However, the molecular mechanism by which Osx regulates cementoblasts is largely unknown. In this study, we initially demonstrated that overexpression of Osx in a cementoblast cell line upregulated the expression of markers vital to cementogenesis such as osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), and bone sialoprotein (BSP) at both mRNA and protein levels, and enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Unexpectedly, we demonstrated a sharp increase in the expression of DKK1 (a potent canonical Wnt antagonist), and a great reduction in protein levels of β-catenin and its nuclear translocation by overexpression of Osx. Further, transient transfection of Osx reduced protein levels of TCF1 (a target transcription factor of β-catenin), which were partially reversed by an addition of DKK1. We also demonstrated that activation of canonical Wnt signaling by LiCl or Wnt3a significantly enhanced levels of TCF1 and suppressed the expression of OPN, OCN, and BSP, as well as ALP activity and formation of extracellular mineralized nodules. Importantly, we confirmed that there were a sharp reduction in DKK1 and a concurrent increase in β-catenin in Osx cKO mice (crossing between the Osx loxP and 2.3 Col 1-Cre lines), in agreement with the in vitro data. Thus, we conclude that the key role of Osx in control of cementoblast proliferation and differentiation is to maintain a low level of Wnt-β-catenin via direct up-regulation of DKK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguo Cao
- 1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ; 2. Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rubing Liu
- 1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- 3. Texas A&M University, Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Haiqing Liao
- 1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- 1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education(KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Robert J Hinton
- 3. Texas A&M University, Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jian Q Feng
- 3. Texas A&M University, Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX, USA
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Effects of TGF-β1 on OPG/RANKL expression of cementoblasts and osteoblasts are similar without stress but different with mechanical compressive stress. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:718180. [PMID: 25685846 PMCID: PMC4312653 DOI: 10.1155/2015/718180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. This study aimed to explore the effects of TGF-β1 on regulating activities of cementoblasts and osteoblasts with or without stress. Material and Methods. Human recombinant TGF-β1 was added with different doses. Immunohistochemical test of osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and Alizarin Red-S staining were conducted. Mechanical compressive stress was obtained by increasing the pressure of gaseous phase. OPG/RANKL expression was detected in both cells through quantitative real-time PCR. Results. Similar significant differences (P < 0.05) existed in OPG/RANKL change with increasing concentration of TGF-β1 without mechanical stress for cementoblasts and osteoblasts. However, under 3 h stress, OPG increased and RANKL decreased significantly (P < 0.01) but with similar OPG/RANKL change. Moreover, under 24 h stress, OPG change exhibited no difference (P > 0.05), but RANKL decreased significantly (P < 0.01) at 10 and 100 ng/mL TGF-β1 in cementoblasts. In osteoblasts, OPG increased significantly (P < 0.01) at 10 and 100 ng/mL, whereas RANKL decreased with statistical difference (P < 0.05) at 1 and 10 ng/mL. Conclusions. The effects of TGF-β1 on OPG/RANKL expression of cementoblasts and osteoblasts are similar even without mechanical stress. However, these effects are different under mechanical compressive stress.
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AbdulQader ST, Kannan TP, Rahman IA, Ismail H, Mahmood Z. Effect of different calcium phosphate scaffold ratios on odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 49:225-233. [PMID: 25686943 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds have been widely and successfully used with osteoblast cells for bone tissue regeneration. However, it is necessary to investigate the effects of these scaffolds on odontoblast cells' proliferation and differentiation for dentin tissue regeneration. In this study, three different hydroxyapatite (HA) to beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ratios of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds, BCP20, BCP50, and BCP80, with a mean pore size of 300μm and 65% porosity were prepared from phosphoric acid (H2PO4) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) sintered at 1000°C for 2h. The extracts of these scaffolds were assessed with regard to cell viability and differentiation of odontoblasts. The high alkalinity, more calcium, and phosphate ions released that were exhibited by BCP20 decreased the viability of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) as compared to BCP50 and BCP80. However, the cells cultured with BCP20 extract expressed high alkaline phosphatase activity and high expression level of bone sialoprotein (BSP), dental matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) genes as compared to that cultured with BCP50 and BCP80 extracts. The results highlighted the effect of different scaffold ratios on the cell microenvironment and demonstrated that BCP20 scaffold can support HDPC differentiation for dentin tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Talib AbdulQader
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Pedodontic and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Ismail Ab Rahman
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hanafi Ismail
- School of Materials and Minerals Resource Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Zuliani Mahmood
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Compression of human primary cementoblasts leads to apoptosis. J Orofac Orthop 2014; 75:430-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00056-014-0237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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50
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Choi H, Jin H, Kim JY, Lim KT, Choung HW, Park JY, Chung JH, Choung PH. Hypoxia promotes CEMP1 expression and induces cementoblastic differentiation of human dental stem cells in an HIF-1-dependent manner. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:410-23. [PMID: 24117017 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cementum covering the tooth root provides attachment for the tooth proper to the surrounding alveolar bone via non-mineralized periodontal ligament (PDL). Cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) has been shown to induce a cementoblastic phenotype in cementoblast precursors cells of PDL. Oxygen availability is a critical signal for correct development of many tissues; however, its role in tooth root and periodontium development remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that reduced oxygen tension increased CEMP1 expression, mineral deposition, and alkaline phosphatase activity in human dental stem cells such as PDL stem cells and periapical follicular stem cells. Since an oxemic state is transduced by the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), we performed experiments to determine whether this protein was responsible for the observed changes. We noted that when HIF-1 was activated by gene introduction or chemically, CEMP1 expression and mineralization increased. In contrast, when HIF-1α was silenced, CEMP1 expression and mineralization did not increase in vitro. Furthermore, we showed for the first time that mouse tooth root and periodontium development occurs partly under hypoxic conditions, particularly at the apical part and latently at the PDL space in vivo. Desferrioxamine, an HIF-1 stimulator, enhances CEMP1 expression in the mouse PDL space, suggesting that hypoxia affects cementogenesis of PDL cells lining the surface of the developing tooth root in an HIF-1-dependent manner. These results suggest that HIF-1 activators may have the ability to stimulate regeneration of the tooth root and cementum formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwajung Choi
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
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