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Xu H, Yan S, Gerhard E, Xie D, Liu X, Zhang B, Shi D, Ameer GA, Yang J. Citric Acid: A Nexus Between Cellular Mechanisms and Biomaterial Innovations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402871. [PMID: 38801111 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Citrate-based biodegradable polymers have emerged as a distinctive biomaterial platform with tremendous potential for diverse medical applications. By harnessing their versatile chemistry, these polymers exhibit a wide range of material and bioactive properties, enabling them to regulate cell metabolism and stem cell differentiation through energy metabolism, metabonegenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. Moreover, the recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance of the biodegradable poly(octamethylene citrate) (POC)/hydroxyapatite-based orthopedic fixation devices represents a translational research milestone for biomaterial science. POC joins a short list of biodegradable synthetic polymers that have ever been authorized by the FDA for use in humans. The clinical success of POC has sparked enthusiasm and accelerated the development of next-generation citrate-based biomaterials. This review presents a comprehensive, forward-thinking discussion on the pivotal role of citrate chemistry and metabolism in various tissue regeneration and on the development of functional citrate-based metabotissugenic biomaterials for regenerative engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ethan Gerhard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Denghui Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
| | - Dongquan Shi
- Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Guillermo A Ameer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
- Biomedical Engineering Program, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, P. R. China
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2
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Liu H, Li L, Lu R. ZIP transporters-regulated Zn 2+ homeostasis: A novel determinant of human diseases. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31223. [PMID: 38530191 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
As an essential trace element for organisms, zinc participates in various physiological processes, such as RNA transcription, DNA replication, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. The destruction of zinc homeostasis is associated with various diseases. Zinc homeostasis is controlled by the cooperative action of zinc transporter proteins that are responsible for the influx and efflux of zinc. Zinc transporter proteins are mainly categorized into two families: Zrt/Irt-like protein (SLC39A/ZIP) family and zinc transporter (SLC30A/ZNT) family. ZIP transporters contain 14 members, namely ZIP1-14, which can be further divided into four subfamilies. Currently, ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis is one of the research hotspots. Cumulative evidence suggests that ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis may cause physiological dysfunction and contribute to the onset and progression of diverse diseases, such as cancers, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we initially discuss the structure and distribution of ZIP transporters. Furthermore, we comprehensively review the latest research progress of ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis in diseases, providing a new perspective into new therapeutic targets for treating related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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3
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Lian WS, Wu RW, Lin YH, Chen YS, Jahr H, Wang FS. Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Regulation of Metabolic Program, Redox System, and Epigenetic Remodeling for Bone Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:470. [PMID: 38671918 PMCID: PMC11047415 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced osteogenic cell-mediated bone gain and osteoclastic remodeling accelerates the development of osteoporosis, which is the leading risk factor of disability in the elderly. Harmonizing the metabolic actions of bone-making cells and bone resorbing cells to the mineralized matrix network is required to maintain bone mass homeostasis. The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in mitochondria is a crucial process for cellular energy production and redox homeostasis. The canonical actions of TCA cycle enzymes and intermediates are indispensable in oxidative phosphorylation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biosynthesis for osteogenic differentiation and osteoclast formation. Knockout mouse models identify these enzymes' roles in bone mass and microarchitecture. In the noncanonical processes, the metabolites as a co-factor or a substrate involve epigenetic modification, including histone acetyltransferases, DNA demethylases, RNA m6A demethylases, and histone demethylases, which affect genomic stability or chromatin accessibility for cell metabolism and bone formation and resorption. The genetic manipulation of these epigenetic regulators or TCA cycle intermediate supplementation compromises age, estrogen deficiency, or inflammation-induced bone mass loss and microstructure deterioration. This review sheds light on the metabolic functions of the TCA cycle in terms of bone integrity and highlights the crosstalk of the TCA cycle and redox and epigenetic pathways in skeletal tissue metabolism and the intermediates as treatment options for delaying osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shiung Lian
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostic, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (W.-S.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Re-Wen Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Han Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostic, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (W.-S.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Holger Jahr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostic, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (W.-S.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
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4
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Wu X, Xia Y, Dai H, Hong C, Zhao Y, Wei W, Zheng D. Metabolic Control During Macrophage Polarization by a Citrate-Functionalized Scaffold for Maintaining Bone Homeostasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400770. [PMID: 38626942 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Metabolites, as markers of phenotype at the molecular level, can regulate the function of DNA, RNA, and proteins through chemical modifications or interactions with large molecules. Citrate is an important metabolite that affects macrophage polarization and osteoporotic bone function. Therefore, a better understanding of the precise effect of citrate on macrophage polarization may provide an effective alternative strategy to reverse osteoporotic bone metabolism. In this study, a citrate functional scaffold to control the metabolic pathway during macrophage polarization based on the metabolic differences between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes for maintaining bone homeostasis, is fabricated. Mechanistically, only outside M1 macrophages are accumulated high concentrations of citrate, in contrast, M2 macrophages consume massive citrate. Therefore, citrate-functionalized scaffolds exert more sensitive inhibitory effects on metabolic enzyme activity during M1 macrophage polarization than M2 macrophage polarization. Citrate can block glycolysis-related enzymes by occupying the binding-site and ensure sufficient metabolic flux in the TCA cycle, so as to turn the metabolism of macrophages to oxidative phosphorylation of M2 macrophage, largely maintaining bone homeostasis. These studies indicate that exogenous citrate can realize metabolic control of macrophage polarization for maintaining bone homeostasis in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Yuhao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Chuhang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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5
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Zahn G, Baukmann HA, Wu J, Jordan J, Birkenfeld AL, Dirckx N, Schmidt MF. Targeting Longevity Gene SLC13A5: A Novel Approach to Prevent Age-Related Bone Fragility and Osteoporosis. Metabolites 2023; 13:1186. [PMID: 38132868 PMCID: PMC10744747 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced expression of the plasma membrane citrate transporter SLC13A5, also known as INDY, has been linked to increased longevity and mitigated age-related cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Citrate, a vital component of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, constitutes 1-5% of bone weight, binding to mineral apatite surfaces. Our previous research highlighted osteoblasts' specialized metabolic pathway facilitated by SLC13A5 regulating citrate uptake, production, and deposition within bones. Disrupting this pathway impairs bone mineralization in young mice. New Mendelian randomization analysis using UK Biobank data indicated that SNPs linked to reduced SLC13A5 function lowered osteoporosis risk. Comparative studies of young (10 weeks) and middle-aged (52 weeks) osteocalcin-cre-driven osteoblast-specific Slc13a5 knockout mice (Slc13a5cKO) showed a sexual dimorphism: while middle-aged females exhibited improved elasticity, middle-aged males demonstrated enhanced bone strength due to reduced SLC13A5 function. These findings suggest reduced SLC13A5 function could attenuate age-related bone fragility, advocating for SLC13A5 inhibition as a potential osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grit Zahn
- Eternygen GmbH, Westhafenstrasse 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jasmine Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jens Jordan
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Andreas L. Birkenfeld
- Department of Diabetology Endocrinology and Nephrology, Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Diabetes, Life Sciences and Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Kings College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Naomi Dirckx
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Marco F. Schmidt
- biotx.ai GmbH, Am Mühlenberg 11, 14476 Potsdam, Germany (M.F.S.)
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6
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Terada S, Matsumoto H, Nishi K, Kogo M, Nomura N, Tashima N, Morimoto C, Sunadome H, Nagasaki T, Oguma T, Nakatsuka Y, Murase K, Kawaguchi T, Tabara Y, Sonomura K, Matsuda F, Chin K, Hirai T. Association of lower plasma citric acid with prolonged cough: the Nagahama study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13921. [PMID: 37626075 PMCID: PMC10457296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40878-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the association of prolonged cough, a common and troublesome symptom, with metabolic pathways. We aimed to clarify this association using data from the Nagahama cohort, a prospective study of participants from the general population. Self-report questionnaires on prolonged cough were collected at baseline and 5-year follow-up assessments. Blood tests at follow-up were used for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. The association between metabolites and prolonged cough was examined using the partial least squares discriminant analysis and multiple regression analysis. Among the 7432 participants, 632 had newly developed prolonged cough at follow-up, which was defined as "new-onset prolonged cough". Low plasma citric acid was significantly associated with new-onset prolonged cough, even after the adjustment of confounding factors including the presence of asthma, upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). A similar association was observed for isocitric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid. The analysis of these four metabolites revealed that citric acid had the strongest association with new-onset prolonged cough. This significant association remained even when the analysis was confined to participants with UACS or GERD at baseline or follow-up, and these associations were also observed in participants (n = 976) who had prolonged cough at follow-up regardless of baseline status. In conclusion, low blood citric acid may be associated with prolonged cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Terada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hisako Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osakasayama City, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kenta Nishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Kogo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Natsuko Nomura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Tashima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chie Morimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sunadome
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadao Nagasaki
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Oguma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Nakatsuka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Murase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sonomura
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Technology Research Laboratory, Life Science Research Center, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Chin
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Respiratory Care, Division of Sleep Medicine, Nihon University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Indurkar A, Choudhary R, Rubenis K, Nimbalkar M, Sarakovskis A, Boccaccini AR, Locs J. Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Carboxylate: Synthesis and Characterization. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26782-26792. [PMID: 37546623 PMCID: PMC10399191 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is the first solid phase precipitated from a supersaturated calcium phosphate solution. Naturally, ACP is formed during the initial stages of biomineralization and stabilized by an organic compound. Carboxylic groups containing organic compounds are known to regulate the nucleation and crystallization of hydroxyapatite. Therefore, from a biomimetic point of view, the synthesis of carboxylate ions containing ACP (ACPC) is valuable. Usually, ACP is synthesized with fewer steps than ACPC. The precipitation reaction of ACP is rapid and influenced by pH, temperature, precursor concentration, stirring conditions, and reaction time. Due to phosphates triprotic nature, controlling pH in a multistep approach becomes tedious. Here, we developed a new ACP and ACPC synthesis approach and thoroughly characterized the obtained materials. Results from vibration spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), true density, specific surface area, and ion release studies have shown a difference in the physiochemical properties of the ACP and ACPC. Additionally, the effect of a carboxylic ion type on the physiochemical properties of ACPC was characterized. All of the ACPs and ACPCs were synthesized in sterile conditions, and in vitro analysis was performed using MC-3T3E1 cells, revealing the cytocompatibility of the synthesized ACPs and ACPCs, of which the ACPC synthesized with citrate showed the highest cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Indurkar
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Street 6A, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Rajan Choudhary
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Street 6A, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristaps Rubenis
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Street 6A, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Anatolijs Sarakovskis
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Str., LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute
of Biomaterials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91085 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Janis Locs
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Street 6A, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
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Bow AJ, Rifkin RE, Priester C, Christopher CJ, Grzeskowiak RM, Hecht S, Adair SH, Mulon PY, Castro HF, Campagna SR, Anderson DE. Temporal metabolic profiling of bone healing in a caprine tibia segmental defect model. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1023650. [PMID: 36733424 PMCID: PMC9886884 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1023650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is an emerging field of regenerative medicine, with a wide array of biomaterial technologies and therapeutics employed. However, it is difficult to objectively compare these various treatments during various stages of tissue response. Metabolomics is rapidly emerging as a powerful analytical tool to establish broad-spectrum metabolic signatures for a target biological system. Developing an effective biomarker panel for bone repair from small molecule data would provide an objective metric to readily assess the efficacy of novel therapeutics in relation to natural healing mechanisms. In this study we utilized a large segmental bone defect in goats to reflect trauma resulting in substantial volumetric bone loss. Characterization of the native repair capacity was then conducted over a period of 12 months through the combination of standard (radiography, computed tomography, histology, biomechanics) data and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolic profiling. Standard metrics demonstrated that samples formed soft callus structures that later mineralized. Small molecule profiles showed distinct temporal patterns associated with the bone tissue repair process. Specifically, increased lactate and amino acid levels at early time points indicated an environment conducive to osteoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix formation. Citrate and pyruvate abundances increased at later time points indicating increasing mineral content within the defect region. Taurine, shikimate, and pantothenate distribution profiles appeared to represent a shift toward a more homeostatic remodeling environment with the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts offsetting the earlier deposition phases of bone repair. The generation of a comprehensive metabolic reference portfolio offers a potent mechanism for examining novel biomaterials and can serve as guide for the development of new targeted therapeutics to improve the rate, magnitude, and quality of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Bow
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Austin J. Bow ✉
| | - Rebecca E. Rifkin
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Caitlin Priester
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | | | - Remigiusz M. Grzeskowiak
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Silke Hecht
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Steve H. Adair
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Pierre-Yves Mulon
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Hector F. Castro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States,Biological and Small Molecule Mass Spectrometry Core and the Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Shawn R. Campagna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States,Biological and Small Molecule Mass Spectrometry Core and the Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - David E. Anderson
- University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States,David E. Anderson ✉
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9
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Liu XH, Pan JP, Bauman WA, Cardozo C. Myostatin inhibits insulin-like growth factor 1-dependent citrate secretion and osteogenesis via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-4 in a mouse mesenchymal stem cell line. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1517:203-212. [PMID: 36072988 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Citrate is an indispensable component of bone. Reduced levels of citrate in bone and serum are reported in the elderly and in osteoporosis patients. Myostatin (Mstn) is implicated in skeletal homeostasis, but its effects on osteogenesis remain incompletely understood. Nox4 has critical roles in bone homeostasis. TGF-β/Mstn-associated Smad2/3 signaling has been linked to Nox4 expression. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) has been shown to counteract many regulatory effects of Mstn. However, the crosstalk among Mstn, IGF-1, and Nox4 is not well understood; the interactive effects of those factors on citrate secretion, osteogenic differentiation, and bone remodeling remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that osteogenic differentiation induced an IGF-1-dependent upregulation of citrate secretion that was suppressed by Mstn. Inhibition of Nox4 prevented Mstn-induced reduction of citrate secretion. In addition, Mstn reduced bone nodule formation; these changes were prevented by Nox4 inhibition. Moreover, Mstn increased the ratio of RANKL to OPG mRNAs to favor osteoclast activation. These results indicate that Mstn negatively regulates osteogenesis by increasing levels of Nox4, which reduced IGF-1 expression, citrate secretion, and bone mineralization while also altering the RANKL to OPG ratio. These findings provide new and highly relevant insights into the osseous effects of myostatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hua Liu
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jiang Ping Pan
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - William A Bauman
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Medical Service, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Bone Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher Cardozo
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Medical Service, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Bone Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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10
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Role of Essential Amino Acids in Age-Induced Bone Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911281. [PMID: 36232583 PMCID: PMC9569615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-induced osteoporosis is a global problem. Essential amino acids (EAAs) work as an energy source and a molecular pathway modulator in bone, but their functions have not been systematically reviewed in aging bone. This study aimed to discuss the contribution of EAAs on aging bone from in vitro, in vivo, and human investigations. In aged people with osteoporosis, serum EAAs were detected changing up and down, without a well-established conclusion. The supply of EAAs in aged people either rescued or did not affect bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume. In most signaling studies, EAAs were proven to increase bone mass. Lysine, threonine, methionine, tryptophan, and isoleucine can increase osteoblast proliferation, activation, and differentiation, and decrease osteoclast activity. Oxidized L-tryptophan promotes bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) differentiating into osteoblasts. However, the oxidation product of tryptophan called kynurenine increases osteoclast activity, and enhances the differentiation of adipocytes from BMSCs. Taken together, in terms of bone minerals and volume, more views consider EAAs to have a positive effect on aging bone, but the function of EAAs in bone metabolism has not been fully demonstrated and more studies are needed in this area in the future.
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11
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Karppinen JE, Törmäkangas T, Kujala UM, Sipilä S, Laukkanen J, Aukee P, Kovanen V, Laakkonen EK. Menopause modulates the circulating metabolome: evidence from a prospective cohort study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1448-1459. [PMID: 35930503 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We studied the changes in the circulating metabolome and their relation to the menopausal hormonal shift in 17β-oestradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels among women transitioning from perimenopause to early postmenopause. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed longitudinal data from 218 Finnish women, 35 of whom started menopausal hormone therapy during the study. The menopausal transition was monitored with menstrual diaries and serum hormone measurements. The median follow-up was 14 months (interquartile range: 8-20). Serum metabolites were quantified with targeted nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics. The model results were adjusted for age, follow-up duration, education, lifestyle, and multiple comparisons. Menopause was associated with 85 metabolite measures. The concentration of apoB (0.17 standard deviation [SD], 99.5% confidence interval [CI] 0.03-0.31), very-low-density lipoprotein triglycerides (0.25 SD, CI 0.05-0.45) and particles (0.21 SD, CI 0.05-0.36), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (0.17 SD, CI 0.01-0.34) and particles (0.17 SD, CI 0.03-0.31), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) triglycerides (0.24 SD, CI 0.02-0.46), glycerol (0.32 SD, CI 0.07-0.58) and leucine increased (0.25 SD, CI 0.02-0.49). Citrate (-0.36 SD, CI -0.57 to -0.14) and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations decreased (-0.46 SD, CI -0.75 to -0.17). Most metabolite changes were associated with the menopausal hormonal shift. This explained 11% and 9% of the LDL cholesterol and particle concentration increase, respectively. Menopausal hormone therapy was associated with increased medium-to-large HDL particle count and decreased small-to-medium LDL particle and glycine concentration. CONCLUSIONS Menopause is associated with proatherogenic circulating metabolome alterations. Female sex hormones levels are connected to the alterations, highlighting their impact on women's cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari E Karppinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Törmäkangas
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Laukkanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pauliina Aukee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Research and Therapy Unit, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vuokko Kovanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Eija K Laakkonen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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12
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Moe OW, Maalouf NM, Sakhaee K, Lederer E. Preclinical and Clinical Evidence of Effect of Acid on Bone Health. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2022; 29:381-394. [PMID: 36175076 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Acid can have ill effect on bone health in the absence of frank clinical acidosis but affecting the bone mioneral matrix and bone cells via complex pathways botyh ascute;y and chronically. While the reaction of bone to an acid load is conserved in evolution and is adaptive, the capacity can be overwhelmed resulting in dire consequences. The preclinical an clincl evidence of the acdi effect on bone is very convincing and the clinical evidence in both association and interventiopn studies are also quite credible, The adverse effects of acid on bone is underappreoicated, under-investigated, and the potential benefits of alkali therapy is not generrally known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orson W Moe
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
| | - Naim M Maalouf
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Khashayar Sakhaee
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Eleanor Lederer
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Medical Service, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX
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13
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Taurino G, Deshmukh R, Villar VH, Chiu M, Shaw R, Hedley A, Shokry E, Sumpton D, Dander E, D'Amico G, Bussolati O, Tardito S. Mesenchymal stromal cells cultured in physiological conditions sustain citrate secretion with glutamate anaplerosis. Mol Metab 2022; 63:101532. [PMID: 35752287 PMCID: PMC9254159 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory and regenerative potential. However, culture conditions govern their metabolic processes and therapeutic efficacy. Here we show that culturing donor-derived MSCs in Plasmax™, a physiological medium with the concentrations of nutrients found in human plasma, supports their proliferation and stemness, and prevents the nutritional stress induced by the conventional medium DMEM. The quantification of the exchange rates of metabolites between cells and medium, untargeted metabolomics, stable isotope tracing and transcriptomic analysis, performed at physiologically relevant oxygen concentrations (1%O2), reveal that MSCs rely on high rate of glucose to lactate conversion, coupled with parallel anaplerotic fluxes from glutamine and glutamate to support citrate synthesis and secretion. These distinctive traits of MSCs shape the metabolic microenvironment of bone marrow niche and can influence nutrient cross-talks under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Taurino
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy; MRH - Microbiome Research Hub, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ruhi Deshmukh
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Victor H Villar
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Martina Chiu
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Robin Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Engy Shokry
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - David Sumpton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Erica Dander
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dept., University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dept., University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy; MRH - Microbiome Research Hub, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Saverio Tardito
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
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14
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Bohner M, Maazouz Y, Ginebra MP, Habibovic P, Schoenecker JG, Seeherman H, van den Beucken JJ, Witte F. Sustained local ionic homeostatic imbalance caused by calcification modulates inflammation to trigger heterotopic ossification. Acta Biomater 2022; 145:1-24. [PMID: 35398267 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a condition triggered by an injury leading to the formation of mature lamellar bone in extraskeletal soft tissues. Despite being a frequent complication of orthopedic and trauma surgery, brain and spinal injury, the etiology of HO is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that a sustained local ionic homeostatic imbalance (SLIHI) created by mineral formation during tissue calcification modulates inflammation to trigger HO. This evaluation also considers the role SLIHI could play for the design of cell-free, drug-free osteoinductive bone graft substitutes. The evaluation contains five main sections. The first section defines relevant concepts in the context of HO and provides a summary of proposed causes of HO. The second section starts with a detailed analysis of the occurrence and involvement of calcification in HO. It is followed by an explanation of the causes of calcification and its consequences. This allows to speculate on the potential chemical modulators of inflammation and triggers of HO. The end of this second section is devoted to in vitro mineralization tests used to predict the ectopic potential of materials. The third section reviews the biological cascade of events occurring during pathological and material-induced HO, and attempts to propose a quantitative timeline of HO formation. The fourth section looks at potential ways to control HO formation, either acting on SLIHI or on inflammation. Chemical, physical, and drug-based approaches are considered. Finally, the evaluation finishes with a critical assessment of the definition of osteoinduction. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The ability to regenerate bone in a spatially controlled and reproducible manner is an essential prerequisite for the treatment of large bone defects. As such, understanding the mechanism leading to heterotopic ossification (HO), a condition triggered by an injury leading to the formation of mature lamellar bone in extraskeletal soft tissues, would be very useful. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) behind HO is(are) poorly understood. The present study reviews the literature on HO and based on it, proposes that HO can be caused by a combination of inflammation and calcification. This mechanism helps to better understand current strategies to prevent and treat HO. It also shows new opportunities to improve the treatment of bone defects in orthopedic and dental procedures.
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15
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Hu X, Gong H, Hou A, Wu X, Shi P, Zhang Y. Effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion on the microstructures, mechanical properties and bone mineral compositions of lumbar spines in type 2 diabetic rats. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:511. [PMID: 35637472 PMCID: PMC9150354 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) can improve the structure and strength of femur of rats, but the effect of CSII treatment on the lumbar spine of T2D rats is unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CSII on the microstructure, multi-scale mechanical properties and bone mineral composition of the lumbar spine in T2D rats. Methods Seventy 6-week-old male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two batches, each including Control, T2D, CSII and Placebo groups, and the duration of insulin treatment was 4-week and 8-week, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed to take their lumbar spine. Microstructure, bone mineral composition and nanoscopic-mesoscopic-apparentand-macroscopic mechanical properties were evaluated through micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentation test, nonlinear finite element analysis and compression test. Results It was found that 4 weeks later, T2D significantly decreased trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), nanoscopic-apparent and partial mesoscopic mechanical parameters of lumbar spine (P < 0.05), and significantly increased bone mineral composition parameters of cortical bone (P < 0.05). It was shown that CSII significantly improved nanoscopic-apparent mechanical parameters (P < 0.05). In addition, 8 weeks later, T2D significantly decreased bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and macroscopic mechanical parameters (P < 0.05), and significantly increased bone mineral composition parameters of cancellous bone (P < 0.05). CSII treatment significantly improved partial mesoscopic-macroscopic mechanical parameters and some cortical bone mineral composition parameters (P < 0.05). Conclusions CSII treatment can significantly improve the nanoscopic-mesoscopic-apparent-macroscopic mechanical properties of the lumbar spine in T2D rats, as well as the bone structure and bone mineral composition of the lumbar vertebrae, but it will take longer treatment time to restore the normal level. In addition, T2D and CSII treatment affected bone mineral composition of cortical bone earlier than cancellous bone of lumbar spine in rat. Our study can provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment of T2D-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Aiqi Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Peipei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, Key Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis and Rehabilitation Technology of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, 100176, China.
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16
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Wang W, Wang Y, Hu J, Duan H, Wang Z, Yin L, He F. Untargeted Metabolomics Reveal the Protective Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Against Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Mice. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221079745. [PMID: 35225020 PMCID: PMC8891838 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221079745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (BMSCT) is a potential treatment for osteoporosis, capable of contributing to bone tissue repair. BMSCT has demonstrated osteoinductive effects and the ability to regulate microenvironmental metabolism; however, its role and mechanisms in bone loss due to reduced estrogen levels remain unclear. In this study, the effect of BMSCT on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis in mice was assessed, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomic studies of bone tissue were conducted to identify potential metabolic molecular markers. The results revealed that BMSCT reduces OVX-induced bone loss in mice while improving the mechanical properties of mouse femurs and increasing the expression of osteogenic markers in peripheral blood. In a metabolomic study, 18 metabolites were screened as potential biomarkers of the anti-osteoporotic effect of BMSCT. These metabolites are mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and pentose and glucuronate interconversions. Collectively, these results illustrate the correlation between metabolites and the underlying mechanisms of osteoporosis development and are important for understanding the role and mechanisms of exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in osteoporosis management. This study lays the foundation for research on BMSCs as a treatment strategy for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhou Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanghao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Kunming First People’s Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Hao Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Stem Cell Technology Application Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Bone and Joint Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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17
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Cryptotanshinone Suppressed Postmenopausal Osteoporosis by Preventing RANKL-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis against Kidney Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2821984. [PMID: 35132325 PMCID: PMC8817845 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2821984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Cryptotanshinone (CPT), an active component extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, exhibits extensive favorable bioactive properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antibacterial, and antitumor effects. This study aims to investigate the effects of CPT on osteogenesis and explore related mechanisms both in vivo and in vitro. Methods In the in vivo experiment, ovariectomized (OVX) female rats were intragastrically administered with CPT at doses of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg for 13 consecutive weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was employed to detect bone mineral density (BMD). ELISA assay was leveraged to detect the biochemical parameters such as BUN and creatinine in the kidney samples. Bone and kidney sections were dyed by H&E and Masson staining kits. In the in vitro experiment, the RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated through the receptor activation of the nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) to establish an osteoclast differentiation model, and CPT's protective effect against bone loss was evaluated. Differentiated osteoclasts were determined by TRAP staining. While, osteoclast-marker proteins such as NFATc1, c-Fos, and cathepsin K were identified by Western blot. Results The results from in vivo experiments revealed that CPT could elevate bone mass and increase bone formation markers in OVX rats. Intriguingly, CPT administration noticeably ameliorated the kidney injury in OVX rats by suppressing BUN and restoring creatinine levels. Furthermore, the results from in vitro experiments suggested that CPT downregulated the protein expression of osteoclast-associated genes such as cathepsin K, c-Fos, and NFATc1 which hinted the related potential mechanisms. Conclusion The evidence from in vivo and in vitro experiments suggested that CPT exerted antiosteoclastogenic effects by inhibiting the activation of osteoclast differentiation followed by suppressing the protein expressions of cathepsin K, c-Fos, and NFATc1 in osteoclast precursors, and it exhibited protective effects against kidney damage, which highlighted its advantage in clinical application.
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18
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Boneski PK, Madhu V, Tomlinson RE, Shapiro IM, van de Wetering K, Risbud MV. Abcc6 Null Mice—a Model for Mineralization Disorder PXE Shows Vertebral Osteopenia Without Enhanced Intervertebral Disc Calcification With Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:823249. [PMID: 35186933 PMCID: PMC8850990 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.823249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low back pain is a highly prevalent health condition intricately linked to intervertebral disc degeneration. One of the prominent features of disc degeneration that is commonly observed with aging is dystrophic calcification. ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 6 (ABCC6), a presumed ATP efflux transporter, is a key regulator of systemic levels of the mineralization inhibitor pyrophosphate (PPi). Mutations in ABCC6 result in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), a progressive human metabolic disorder characterized by mineralization of the skin and elastic tissues. The implications of ABCC6 loss-of-function on pathological mineralization of structures in the spine, however, are unknown. Using the Abcc6−/− mouse model of PXE, we investigated age-dependent changes in the vertebral bone and intervertebral disc. Abcc6−/− mice exhibited diminished trabecular bone quality parameters at 7 months, which remained significantly lower than the wild-type mice at 18 months of age. Abcc6−/− vertebrae showed increased TRAP staining along with decreased TNAP staining, suggesting an enhanced bone resorption as well as decreased bone formation. Surprisingly, however, loss of ABCC6 resulted only in a mild, aging disc phenotype without evidence of dystrophic mineralization. Finally, we tested the utility of oral K3Citrate to treat the vertebral phenotype since it is shown to regulate hydroxyapatite mechanical behavior. The treatment resulted in inhibition of the osteoclastic response and an early improvement in mechanical properties of the bone underscoring the promise of potassium citrate as a therapeutic agent. Our data suggest that although ectopic mineralization is tightly regulated in the disc, loss of ABCC6 compromises vertebral bone quality and dysregulates osteoblast-osteoclast coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige K. Boneski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vedavathi Madhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ryan E. Tomlinson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Irving M. Shapiro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Koen van de Wetering
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Makarand V. Risbud
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Makarand V. Risbud,
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19
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Parkinson EK, Adamski J, Zahn G, Gaumann A, Flores-Borja F, Ziegler C, Mycielska ME. Extracellular citrate and metabolic adaptations of cancer cells. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:1073-1091. [PMID: 34932167 PMCID: PMC8825388 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that cancer cells acquire energy via the Warburg effect and oxidative phosphorylation. Citrate is considered to play a crucial role in cancer metabolism by virtue of its production in the reverse Krebs cycle from glutamine. Here, we review the evidence that extracellular citrate is one of the key metabolites of the metabolic pathways present in cancer cells. We review the different mechanisms by which pathways involved in keeping redox balance respond to the need of intracellular citrate synthesis under different extracellular metabolic conditions. In this context, we further discuss the hypothesis that extracellular citrate plays a role in switching between oxidative phosphorylation and the Warburg effect while citrate uptake enhances metastatic activities and therapy resistance. We also present the possibility that organs rich in citrate such as the liver, brain and bones might form a perfect niche for the secondary tumour growth and improve survival of colonising cancer cells. Consistently, metabolic support provided by cancer-associated and senescent cells is also discussed. Finally, we highlight evidence on the role of citrate on immune cells and its potential to modulate the biological functions of pro- and anti-tumour immune cells in the tumour microenvironment. Collectively, we review intriguing evidence supporting the potential role of extracellular citrate in the regulation of the overall cancer metabolism and metastatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kenneth Parkinson
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK.
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Experimental Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Andreas Gaumann
- Institute of Pathology Kaufbeuren-Ravensburg, 87600, Kaufbeuren, Germany
| | - Fabian Flores-Borja
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK
| | - Christine Ziegler
- Department of Structural Biology, Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria E Mycielska
- Department of Structural Biology, Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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20
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Garcia E, Connelly MA, Matyus SP, Otvos JD, Shalaurova I. High-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance measurement of citrate in serum and plasma in the clinical laboratory. Pract Lab Med 2021; 25:e00213. [PMID: 33869707 PMCID: PMC8042410 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2021.e00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Despite reports highlighting citrate association with different diseases, serum citrate is scarcely used for diagnosis. Existing methods to quantify citrate are limited by their complexity and practicality of implementation. A simple and rapid NMR-based method to measure circulating citrate is described here, and its analytical performance evaluated. Design and Methods: Citrate was quantified from NMR spectra using a non-negative linear least squares deconvolution algorithm. The analytical characteristics of the assay were evaluated using CLSI guidelines. To determine if the assay has adequate sensitivity to measure clinically relevant concentrations of citrate, the assay was used to quantify citrate in apparently healthy adults (n = 553), and in the general population (n = 133,576). Results The LOQ for the assay was determined to be 1.48 mg/dL. Linearity was demonstrated over a wide range of concentrations (1.40–4.46 mg/dL). Coefficients of variation (%CV) for intra- and inter-assay precision ranged from 5.8–9.3 and 5.2–9.6%, respectively. Substances tested did not elicit interference with assay results. Specimen type comparison revealed <1% bias between serum and plasma samples, except for heparin plasma (3% bias). Stability was demonstrated up to 8 days at room temperature and longer at lower temperatures. In a cohort of apparently healthy adults, the reference interval was <1.48–2.97 mg/dL. Slightly higher values were observed in the general population. Conclusions The newly developed NMR-based assay exhibits analytical characteristics that allow the accurate quantification of clinically relevant citrate concentrations. The assay provides a simple and fast means to analyze samples for research and clinical studies.
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Key Words
- 1D, one dimensional
- 1H, proton
- CLSI, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
- CV, coefficient of variation
- Citrate
- LOB, limit of blank
- LOD, limit of detection
- LOQ, limit of quantitation
- MS, Mass Spectrometry
- Mortality
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Garcia
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Margery A Connelly
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Steven P Matyus
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - James D Otvos
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Irina Shalaurova
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Morrisville, NC, USA
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21
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Yu L, Wei M. Biomineralization of Collagen-Based Materials for Hard Tissue Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:944. [PMID: 33477897 PMCID: PMC7833386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced collagen fibrils serve as the basic building blocks of natural bone and dentin. Mineralization of collagen fibrils play an essential role in ensuring the structural and mechanical functionalities of hard tissues such as bone and dentin. Biomineralization of collagen can be divided into intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization in terms of HA distribution relative to collagen fibrils. Intrafibrillar mineralization is termed when HA minerals are incorporated within the gap zone of collagen fibrils, while extrafibrillar mineralization refers to the minerals that are formed on the surface of collagen fibrils. However, the mechanisms resulting in these two types of mineralization still remain debatable. In this review, the evolution of both classical and non-classical biomineralization theories is summarized. Different intrafibrillar mineralization mechanisms, including polymer induced liquid precursor (PILP), capillary action, electrostatic attraction, size exclusion, Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium, and interfacial energy guided theories, are discussed. Exemplary strategies to induce biomimetic intrafibrillar mineralization using non-collagenous proteins (NCPs), polymer analogs, small molecules, and fluidic shear stress are discussed, and recent applications of mineralized collagen fibers for bone regeneration and dentin repair are included. Finally, conclusions are drawn on these proposed mechanisms, and the future trend of collagen-based materials for bone regeneration and tooth repair is speculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
| | - Mei Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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22
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Sun Y, Wang X, Chen G, Song C, Ma X, Fu Y, Feng C, Yan J. miRNA-187-5p Regulates Osteoblastic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice by Targeting ICAM1. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6139469. [PMID: 33381563 PMCID: PMC7748902 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6139469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a common bone metabolic disease, the process of which is fundamentally irreversible. Therefore, the investigation into osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) will provide more clues for OP treatment. In the present study, we found that microRNA-187-5p (miR-187-5p) played a key role on osteoblastic differentiation, which was significantly upregulated during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in mice. Moreover, overexpression of miR-187-5p suppressed osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs through increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP), matrix mineralization, and levels of Osterix (OSX), and osteopontin (OPN) as well as runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in vitro. The results in vivo indicated that the upregulation of miR-187-5p enhanced the efficacy of new bone formation in the heterotopic bone formation assay. Luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis revealed that miR-187-5p was involved in osteogenesis by targeting intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Furthermore, ICAM-1 silence inhibited osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs. Taken together, our results suggested for the first time that miR-187-5p may promote osteogenesis by targeting ICAM-1, and provided a possible therapeutic target for bone metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Orthopeadics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Physical Education and Research Office, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Guanghua Chen
- Department of Orthopeadics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chengchao Song
- Department of Orthopeadics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xinnan Ma
- Department of Orthopeadics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yutuo Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150010, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- Department of Orthopeadics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China
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23
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Perut F, Graziani G, Columbaro M, Caudarella R, Baldini N, Granchi D. Citrate Supplementation Restores the Impaired Mineralisation Resulting from the Acidic Microenvironment: An In Vitro Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3779. [PMID: 33317151 PMCID: PMC7763163 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic metabolic acidosis leads to bone-remodelling disorders based on excessive mineral matrix resorption and inhibition of bone formation, but also affects the homeostasis of citrate, which is an essential player in maintaining the acid-base balance and in driving the mineralisation process. This study aimed to investigate the impact of acidosis on the osteogenic properties of bone-forming cells and the effects of citrate supplementation in restoring the osteogenic features impaired by the acidic milieu. For this purpose, human mesenchymal stromal cells were cultured in an osteogenic medium and the extracellular matrix mineralisation was analysed at the micro- and nano-level, both in neutral and acidic conditions and after treatment with calcium citrate and potassium citrate. The acidic milieu significantly decreased the citrate release and hindered the organisation of the extracellular matrix, but the citrate supplementation increased collagen production and, particularly calcium citrate, promoted the mineralisation process. Moreover, the positive effect of citrate supplementation was observed also in the physiological microenvironment. This in vitro study proves that the mineral matrix organisation is influenced by citrate availability in the microenvironment surrounding bone-forming cells, thus providing a biological basis for using citrate-based supplements in the management of bone-remodelling disorders related to chronic low-grade acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Perut
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Electron Microscopy Platform, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Renata Caudarella
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Via Corriera 1, 48033 Cotignola (RA), Italy;
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Via Pupilli 1, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Granchi
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
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24
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Jiang W, Griffanti G, Tamimi F, McKee MD, Nazhat SN. Multiscale structural evolution of citrate-triggered intrafibrillar and interfibrillar mineralization in dense collagen gels. J Struct Biol 2020; 212:107592. [PMID: 32736073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The mineralized extracellular matrix of bone is an organic-inorganic nanocomposite consisting primarily of carbonated hydroxyapatite, fibrous type I collagen, noncollagenous proteins, proteoglycans, and diverse biomolecules such as pyrophosphate and citrate. While much is now known about the mineralization-regulating role of pyrophosphate, less is known about the function of citrate. In order to assess the effect of negatively charged citrate on collagen mineralization, citrate-functionalized, bone osteoid-mimicking dense collagen gels were exposed to simulated body fluid for up to 7 days to examine the multiscale evolution of intra- and interfibrillar collagen mineralization. Here, we show by increases in methylene blue staining that the net negative charge of collagen can be substantially augmented through citrate functionalization. Structural and compositional analyses by transmission and scanning electron microscopy (including X-ray microanalysis and electron diffraction), and atomic force microscopy, all demonstrated that citrate-functionalized collagen fibrils underwent extensive intrafibrillar mineralization within 12 h in simulated body fluid. Time-resolved, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed the temporal evolution of intrafibrillar mineralization of single collagen fibrils. Longer exposure to simulated body fluid resulted in additional interfibrillar mineralization, all through an amorphous-to-crystalline transformation towards apatite (assessed by X-ray diffraction and attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy). Calcium deposition assays indicated a citrate concentration-dependent temporal increase in mineralization, and micro-computed tomography confirmed that >80 vol% of the collagen in the gels was mineralized by day 7. In conclusion, citrate effectively induces mesoscale intra- and interfibrillar collagen mineralization, a finding that advances our understanding of the role of citrate in mineralized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Jiang
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Gabriele Griffanti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc D McKee
- Faculty of Dentistry McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Showan N Nazhat
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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25
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Baptista AL, Padilha K, Malagrino PA, Venturini G, Zeri AC, Dos Reis LM, Martins JS, Jorgetti V, Pereira AC, Titan SM, Moyses RM. Potential Biomarkers of the Turnover, Mineralization, and Volume Classification: Results Using NMR Metabolomics in Hemodialysis Patients. JBMR Plus 2020; 4:e10372. [PMID: 32666023 PMCID: PMC7340447 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone biopsy is still the gold standard to assess bone turnover (T), mineralization (M), and volume (V) in CKD patients, and serum biomarkers are not able to replace histomorphometry. Recently, metabolomics has emerged as a new technique that could allow for the identification of new biomarkers useful for disease diagnosis or for the understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms, but it has never been assessed in the chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) scenario. In this study, we investigated the association between serum metabolites and the bone TMV classification in patients with end-stage renal disease by using serum NMR spectroscopy and bone biopsy of 49 hemodialysis patients from a single center in Brazil. High T was identified in 21 patients and was associated with higher levels of dimethylsulfone, glycine, citrate, and N-acetylornithine. The receiver-operating characteristic curve for the combination of PTH and these metabolites provided an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.86 (0.76 to 0.97). Abnormal M was identified in 30 patients and was associated with lower ethanol. The AUC for age, diabetes mellitus, and ethanol was 0.83 (0.71 to 0.96). Low V was identified in 17 patients and was associated with lower carnitine. The association of age, phosphate, and carnitine provided an AUC of 0.83 (0.70 to 0.96). Although differences among the curves by adding selected metabolites to traditional models were not statistically significant, the accuracy of the diagnosis according to the TMV classification seemed to be improved. This is the first study to evaluate the TMV classification system in relation to the serum metabolome assessed by NMR spectroscopy, showing that selected metabolites may help in the evaluation of bone phenotypes in CKD-MBD. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline L Baptista
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica/LIM 16, Nephrology Division Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Kallyandra Padilha
- Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular Instituto do Coração (INCOR), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Pamella A Malagrino
- Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular Instituto do Coração (INCOR), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Gabriela Venturini
- Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular Instituto do Coração (INCOR), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ana Cm Zeri
- Biosciences National Laboratory LNBio Campinas Brazil
| | - Luciene M Dos Reis
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica/LIM 16, Nephrology Division Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Janaina S Martins
- Endocrine Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA.,Endocrine Unit, Medicine, Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Vanda Jorgetti
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica/LIM 16, Nephrology Division Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular Instituto do Coração (INCOR), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Silvia M Titan
- Nephrology Division Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rosa Ma Moyses
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica/LIM 16, Nephrology Division Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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26
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Da W, Tao L, Wen K, Tao Z, Wang S, Zhu Y. Protective Role of Melatonin Against Postmenopausal Bone Loss via Enhancement of Citrate Secretion From Osteoblasts. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:667. [PMID: 32508637 PMCID: PMC7248328 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A negative correlation exists between the severity of osteoporosis and citrate levels in bone. Our previous research found that melatonin can significantly improve bone mass in mice with osteoporosis, but the underlying mechanism involving citrate remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that melatonin increased bone volume and citrate levels in ovariectomized osteoporosis mice. Melatonin increased citrate and mineralized nodules in osteoblasts induced from primary mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. ZIP-1 knockdown and overexpression confirmed that melatonin specifically upregulated ZIP-1 to rescue citrate levels and bone mass. In general, we verified that melatonin can improve bone mass by enhancing matrix mineralization, which is highly related to increased citrate secretion from osteoblasts, and that ZIP-1 is the target of melatonin. These findings reveal another role of melatonin in regulating bone remodeling and provide a research base for its possible application in the treatment of clinical osteoporosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wacili Da
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaicheng Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengbo Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shaojie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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27
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Tiedemann K, Hussein O, Komarova SV. Role of Altered Metabolic Microenvironment in Osteolytic Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:435. [PMID: 32582711 PMCID: PMC7290111 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic bone disease is generally incurable and leads to pathological fractures, pain, hypercalcemia, spinal cord compression and decreased mobility. The skeleton is the major site of bone metastases from solid cancers, including breast and prostate carcinoma. Bone metastasis is facilitated by activation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts, terminally differentiated multinucleated cells formed by fusion from monocytic precursors. Cancer cells are known to produce specific factors that stimulate osteoclast differentiation and function. Of interest, cancer cells are also known to alter their own bioenergetics increasing the use of glycolysis for their survival and function. Such change in energy utilization by cancer cells would result in altered levels of cell-permeable metabolites, including glucose, lactate, and pyruvate. Osteoclast resorption is energy-expensive, and we have previously demonstrated that during differentiation osteoclasts actively adapt to their bioenergetics microenvironment. We hypothesize that altered bioenergetics state of cancer cells will also modify the bioenergetics substrate availability for the tissue-resident bone cells, potentially creating a favorable milieu for pathological osteolysis. The goals of this review are to analyze how metastasizing cancer cells change the availability of energy substrates in bone microenvironment; and to assess how the altered bioenergetics may affect osteoclast differentiation and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Tiedemann
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Osama Hussein
- Department of Surgery, Mansoura University Cancer Center, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Svetlana V Komarova
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
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28
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Granchi D, Baldini N, Ulivieri FM, Caudarella R. Role of Citrate in Pathophysiology and Medical Management of Bone Diseases. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2576. [PMID: 31731473 PMCID: PMC6893553 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrate is an intermediate in the "Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle" and is used by all aerobic organisms to produce usable chemical energy. It is a derivative of citric acid, a weak organic acid which can be introduced with diet since it naturally exists in a variety of fruits and vegetables, and can be consumed as a dietary supplement. The close association between this compound and bone was pointed out for the first time by Dickens in 1941, who showed that approximately 90% of the citrate bulk of the human body resides in mineralised tissues. Since then, the number of published articles has increased exponentially, and considerable progress in understanding how citrate is involved in bone metabolism has been made. This review summarises current knowledge regarding the role of citrate in the pathophysiology and medical management of bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Granchi
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Via Pupilli 1, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Massimo Ulivieri
- Nuclear Medicine, Bone Metabolic Unit, IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F.Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Renata Caudarella
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Via Corriera 1, 48033 Cotignola (RA), Italy;
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29
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Kemp JP, Sayers A, Fraser WD, Davey Smith G, Ala-Korpela M, Evans DM, Tobias JH. A Metabolic Screen in Adolescents Reveals an Association Between Circulating Citrate and Cortical Bone Mineral Density. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1306-1313. [PMID: 30882941 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Observations that insulin and adiponectin levels are related to cortical bone size in adolescents, independently of body composition, suggest factors related to fat metabolism directly influence skeletal development. To explore this question, we examined associations between a metabolic screen focusing on fat metabolism, and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) measures of the mid-tibia, in 15-year-olds from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Metabolic profiles were generated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, from blood samples obtained at the same time as pQCT scans. Ordinary least squares linear regression was used to investigate relationships between metabolic measures and periosteal circumference (PC), cortical thickness (CT), and cortical bone mineral density (BMDC ). Metabolic profiles yielded 22 independent components following principal component analysis (PCA), giving a Bonferroni-adjusted threshold for statistical significance of p = 0.002. Data were available in 1121 subjects (487 males), mean age 15 years. Several metabolites related to lipid and cholesterol metabolism were associated with PC, CT, and BMDC after adjustment for age, sex, and Tanner stage. After additional adjustment for height, fat, and lean mass, only the association between citrate and BMDC remained below the Bonferroni-significant threshold (β = -0.14 [-0.18, -0.09]) (β represents a standardized coefficient). Citrate also showed evidence of association with PC (β = 0.06 [0.03, 0.10]) and strength strain index (SSI; β = 0.04 [0.01, 0.08]). Subsequently, we investigated whether these relationships were explained by increased bone resorption. Citrate was strongly related to serum β-C-telopeptides of type I collagen (β-CTX) (β = 0.20 [0.16, 0.23]). After additional adjustment for β-CTX the above associations between citrate and BMDC (β = -0.04 [-0.08, 0.01]), PC (β = 0.03 [-0.01, 0.07]) and SSI (β = 0.03 [-0.01, 0.07]) were no longer observed. We conclude that in adolescents, circulating levels of citrate are inversely related to BMDC and positively related to PC, reflecting associations with higher bone turnover. Further studies are justified to elucidate possible contributions of citrate, a constituent of bone matrix, to bone resorption and cortical density. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Kemp
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Adrian Sayers
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Systems Epidemiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David M Evans
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jonathan H Tobias
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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30
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de Wildt BW, Ansari S, Sommerdijk NA, Ito K, Akiva A, Hofmann S. From bone regeneration to three-dimensional in vitro models: tissue engineering of organized bone extracellular matrix. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Carella F, Degli Esposti L, Barreca D, Rizzi GA, Martra G, Ivanchenko P, Escolano Casado G, Gomez Morales J, Delgado Lòpez JM, Tampieri A, Iafisco M. Role of citrate in the formation of enamel-like calcium phosphate oriented nanorod arrays. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00508k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of citrate on the formation of oriented fluoride doped hydroxyapatite nanorods grown on an amorphous calcium phosphate substrate was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Carella
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC)
- National Research Council (CNR)
- Faenza
- Italy
| | - Lorenzo Degli Esposti
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC)
- National Research Council (CNR)
- Faenza
- Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Padova University
- Padova
- Italy
| | - Gian Andrea Rizzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and INSTM
- Padova University
- Padova
- Italy
| | - Gianmario Martra
- Department of Chemistry and Interdepartmental Centre “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces – NIS” of the University of Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | - Pavlo Ivanchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Interdepartmental Centre “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces – NIS” of the University of Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | - Guillermo Escolano Casado
- Department of Chemistry and Interdepartmental Centre “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces – NIS” of the University of Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | | | | | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC)
- National Research Council (CNR)
- Faenza
- Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC)
- National Research Council (CNR)
- Faenza
- Italy
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Citrate-based materials fuel human stem cells by metabonegenic regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E11741-E11750. [PMID: 30478052 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the key microenvironmental signals regulating bone regeneration is pivotal for the effective design of bioinspired orthopedic materials. Here, we identified citrate as an osteopromotive factor and revealed its metabonegenic role in mediating citrate metabolism and its downstream effects on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Our studies show that extracellular citrate uptake through solute carrier family 13, member 5 (SLC13a5) supports osteogenic differentiation via regulation of energy-producing metabolic pathways, leading to elevated cell energy status that fuels the high metabolic demands of hMSC osteodifferentiation. We next identified citrate and phosphoserine (PSer) as a synergistic pair in polymeric design, exhibiting concerted action not only in metabonegenic potential for orthopedic regeneration but also in facile reactivity in a fluorescent system for materials tracking and imaging. We designed a citrate/phosphoserine-based photoluminescent biodegradable polymer (BPLP-PSer), which was fabricated into BPLP-PSer/hydroxyapatite composite microparticulate scaffolds that demonstrated significant improvements in bone regeneration and tissue response in rat femoral-condyle and cranial-defect models. We believe that the present study may inspire the development of new generations of biomimetic biomaterials that better recapitulate the metabolic microenvironments of stem cells to meet the dynamic needs of cellular growth, differentiation, and maturation for use in tissue engineering.
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Hu Z, Tang Y, Yue Z, Zheng W, Xiong Z. The facile synthesis of copper oxide quantum dots on chitosan with assistance of phyto-angelica for enhancing the human osteoblast activity to the application of osteoporosis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 191:6-12. [PMID: 30557790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are an important key factor for the pathogenesis of several bone-related diseases, notably in osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disorder categorized based on the bone mineral density (BMD) and an alteration in the bone micro-architecture had been considered as the major determinant for increasing the fracture risk. The available medicine for curing the osteoporosis shows a minimal or no activity against the genesis or function of osteoblasts. The present study was conducted to determine the influence of phyto Angelica species (Ang.) mediated synthesized copper quantum dots decorated chitosan on human osteoblast cells for application of osteoporosis. The phyto compound of Angelica sp. was extracted by ethanol as solvent and it has been characterized through spectral analyses. An Angelica sp. mediated synthesized copper oxide quantum dots (CuO QDs) and the presence of CuO QDs on chitosan have been analyzed and exhibited by important spectral investigations. The morphological observation of CuO QDs on the chitosan (CS) was visualized by the microscopic analyses. The MTT assay results showed that cell growth of CuO QDs/CS-Ang. by the concentration dependent. The highest cell growth (87%) was noted at 5 μg/mL followed by 80 and 77% at 15 and 25 μg/mL respectively. The functional groups and potential compounds of Angelica sp. with CuO QDs/CS has been improved the osteoblast cell activity as prophylactic potentials against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqing Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, 156 Yucai Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311201, PR China
| | - Yanghua Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, 156 Yucai Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311201, PR China.
| | - Zhenshuang Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, 156 Yucai Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311201, PR China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, 156 Yucai Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311201, PR China
| | - Zhenfei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, 156 Yucai Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311201, PR China
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Potassium Citrate Supplementation Decreases the Biochemical Markers of Bone Loss in a Group of Osteopenic Women: The Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091293. [PMID: 30213095 PMCID: PMC6164684 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship involving acid-base imbalance, mineral metabolism and bone health status has previously been reported but the efficacy of the alkalizing supplementation in targeting acid overload and preventing bone loss has not yet been fully elucidated. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the hypothesis that potassium citrate (K citrate) modifies bone turnover in women with postmenopausal osteopenia was tested. Three hundred and ten women were screened; 40 women met the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to the treatment or the placebo group. They were treated with K citrate (30 mEq day−1) or a placebo in addition to calcium carbonate (500 mg day−1) and vitamin D (400 IU day−1). At baseline and time points of 3 and 6 months, serum indicators of renal function, electrolytes, calciotropic hormones, serum bone turnover markers (BTMs) (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b), carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), procollagen type 1 N terminal propeptide (PINP)), and urine pH, electrolytes, and citrate were measured. The follow-up was completed by 17/20 patients in the “K citrate” group and 18/20 patients in the “placebo” group. At baseline, 90% of the patients exhibited low potassium excretion in 24 h urine samples, and 85% of cases had at least one urine parameter associated with low-grade acidosis (low pH, low citrate excretion). After treatment, CTX and BAP decreased significantly in both groups, but subjects with evidence of low-grade acidosis gained significant benefits from the treatment compared to the placebo. In patients with low 24h-citrate excretion at baseline, a 30% mean decrease in BAP and CTX was observed at 6 months. A significant reduction was also evident when low citrate (BAP: −25%; CTX: −35%) and a low pH (BAP: −25%; CTX: −30%) were found in fasting-morning urine. In conclusion, our results suggested that K citrate supplementation improved the beneficial effects of calcium and vitamin D in osteopenic women with a documented potassium and citrate deficit, and a metabolic profile consistent with low-grade acidosis.
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