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Bijlsma A, Beunders VA, Dorrepaal DJ, Joosten KF, van Beijsterveldt IA, Dudink J, Reiss IK, Hokken-Koelega AC, Vermeulen MJ. Sleep and 24-hour rhythm characteristics in preschool children born very preterm and full term. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:685-693. [PMID: 36661086 PMCID: PMC10071387 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep impacts the quality of life and is associated with cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcomes. Little is known about the sleep of preterm-born children at preschool age. We, therefore, studied sleep and 24-hour rhythms of preschool children born very preterm compared with full-term children. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study comparing sleep quality and quantity of children born very preterm (gestational age [GA] < 30 weeks) with full-term children at the (corrected) age of 3 years, using (1) 2 parent-reported questionnaires (Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire and The Munich Chronotype Questionnaire) and (2) at least 3 days of triaxial wrist actigraphy combined with sleep diary. We performed regression analyses with adjustment for sex (corrected), age, and birth weight standard deviation (SD) score. RESULTS Ninety-seven very-preterm-born (median GA 27+5; interquartile range 26 + 3;29 + 0 weeks) and 92 full-term children (GA 39 + 3; 38 + 4;40 + 4 weeks) were included. Sleep problems and other reported sleep parameters were not different between groups. As measured with actigraphy, sleep and 24-hour rhythm were similar between groups, except for very-preterm born children waking up 21 minutes (4;38) minutes later than full-term children (adjusted P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Based on parent reports and actigraphy, very-preterm-born children sleep quite similar to full-term controls at the corrected age of 3 years. Reported sleep problems were not different between groups. Actigraphy data suggest that preterm-born children may wake up later than children born full term. Further studies are needed to explore how sleep relates to cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth and whether early interventions are useful to optimize 24-hour rhythm and sleep. CITATION Bijlsma A, Beunders VAA, Dorrepaal DJ, et al. Sleep and 24-hour rhythm characteristics in preschool children born very preterm and full term. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(4):685-693.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alja Bijlsma
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria A.A. Beunders
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Demi J. Dorrepaal
- Subdivision of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen F.M. Joosten
- Department of Pediatrics, Intensive Care Unit, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge A.L.P. van Beijsterveldt
- Subdivision of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dudink
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Irwin K.M. Reiss
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita C.S. Hokken-Koelega
- Subdivision of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn J. Vermeulen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Sansavini A, Riva M, Zuccarini M, Aceti A, Corvaglia L, Scher A, Guarini A. Night Sleep and Parental Bedtime Practices in Low-Risk Preterm and Full-Term Late Talkers. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121813. [PMID: 36553255 PMCID: PMC9777501 DOI: 10.3390/children9121813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Night sleep and parental bedtime practices have rarely been investigated in late talkers. This study aimed to explore: night sleep, parental bedtime practices, and their associations in late talkers as well as individual, socio-demographic, and socio-relational factors affecting them. Parents of 47 30-month-old late talkers, born low-risk preterm (n = 24) or full-term (n = 23), with an expressive vocabulary size ≤10th percentile measured by the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory Words and Sentences, and normal cognitive abilities measured by the Bayley Scales, completed the Infant Sleep Questionnaire, the Parental Interactive Bedtime Behaviour Scale, and the Parenting Stress Index Short Form. Results showed slight settling difficulties, night wakings, and frequent co-sleeping in late talkers. Encouraging autonomy practices were frequently used by parents, rather than active physical comforting ones. Recurrent settling difficulties were reported by parents who often applied encouraging autonomy practices, whereas greater night waking problems and frequent co-sleeping were reported by parents who often left their child crying. Low-risk preterm birth and mother's parenting stress predicted total sleep difficulties and night wakings; first-born, high maternal education level and mother's parenting stress predicted settling difficulties; mother's parenting stress was the only predictor for co-sleeping and leaving to cry. These findings have relevant implications for improving late talkers' night sleep and their parents' bedtime practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sansavini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Martina Riva
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Zuccarini
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, Via Filippo Re 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Arianna Aceti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Corvaglia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anat Scher
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Haifa, Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Annalisa Guarini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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3
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Asaka Y, Mitani Y, Ohta H, Nakazawa T, Fukutomi R, Kobayashi K, Kumagai M, Shinohara H, Yoshida M, Ando A, Yoshimura Y, Nakagawa M, Oishi Y, Mizushima M, Adachi H, Kaneshi Y, Morioka K, Seto Y, Shimabukuro R, Hirata M, Ikeda T, Ozawa M, Takeshima M, Manabe A, Takahashi T, Mishima K, Kikuchi M, Yoda H, Kusakawa I, Cho K. Preterm toddlers have low nighttime sleep quality and high daytime activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20032. [PMID: 36414705 PMCID: PMC9681750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have been made on the sleep characteristics of children born preterm in an attempt to develop methods to address the sleep problems commonly observed among such children. However, the reported sleep characteristics from these studies vary depending on the observation methods used, i.e., actigraphy, polysomnography and questionnaire. In the current study, to obtain reliable data on the sleep characteristics of preterm-born children, we investigated the difference in sleep properties between 97 preterm and 97 term toddlers of approximately 1.5 years of age using actigraphy. Actigraphy units were attached to the toddlers' waists with an adjustable elastic belt for 7 consecutive days, and a child sleep diary was completed by their parents. In the study, we found that preterm toddlers had more nocturnal awakenings and more daytime activity, suggesting that preterm-born children may have a different process of sleep development in their early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Asaka
- grid.260026.00000 0004 0372 555XDepartment of Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, 514-8507 Japan
| | - Yusuke Mitani
- grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640 Japan
| | - Hidenobu Ohta
- grid.251924.90000 0001 0725 8504Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543 Japan ,grid.416859.70000 0000 9832 2227Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi-Cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553 Japan ,Department of Psychiatry, Asai Hospital, 38-1 Togane, Chiba, 283-0062 Japan ,grid.251924.90000 0001 0725 8504Department of Occupational Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543 Japan
| | - Takayo Nakazawa
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Rika Fukutomi
- grid.419588.90000 0001 0318 6320Department of Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke’s International University, 10-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0044 Japan
| | - Kyoko Kobayashi
- grid.419588.90000 0001 0318 6320Department of Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke’s International University, 10-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0044 Japan
| | - Mayuko Kumagai
- grid.251924.90000 0001 0725 8504Department of Nursing, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543 Japan
| | - Hitomi Shinohara
- grid.462295.e0000 0004 0370 9568Graduate School of Nursing, Hyogo University, 2301 Shinzaike, Hiraoka-Cho, Kakogawa, 675-0195 Japan
| | - Michiko Yoshida
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12, W5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0812 Japan
| | - Akiko Ando
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshimura
- grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, 921-1192 Japan ,grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640 Japan
| | - Machiko Nakagawa
- grid.430395.8Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke’s International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-8560 Japan ,grid.452874.80000 0004 1771 2506Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Oishi
- grid.414929.30000 0004 1763 7921Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo, 150-8935 Japan
| | - Masato Mizushima
- Department of Neonatology, Sapporo City Hospital, N11, W13, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8604 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Adachi
- grid.251924.90000 0001 0725 8504Department of Pediatrics, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, 010-8543 Japan
| | - Yosuke Kaneshi
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Keita Morioka
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Seto
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Rinshu Shimabukuro
- grid.430395.8Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke’s International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-8560 Japan ,grid.63906.3a0000 0004 0377 2305Department of General Pediatrics and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Ohkura, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Michio Hirata
- grid.430395.8Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke’s International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-8560 Japan ,grid.411827.90000 0001 2230 656XDepartment of Child Studies, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681 Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640 Japan
| | - Miwa Ozawa
- grid.430395.8Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke’s International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-8560 Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeshima
- grid.251924.90000 0001 0725 8504Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543 Japan
| | - Atsushi Manabe
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, N15, W7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- grid.251924.90000 0001 0725 8504Department of Pediatrics, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, 010-8543 Japan
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- grid.251924.90000 0001 0725 8504Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640 Japan ,grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoda
- grid.452874.80000 0004 1771 2506Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541 Japan
| | - Isao Kusakawa
- grid.430395.8Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke’s International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-8560 Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Cho
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
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4
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Determinants of adolescent sleep: Early family environment, obstetric factors, and emotion regulation. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Trickett J, Hill C, Austin T, Johnson S. The Impact of Preterm Birth on Sleep through Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence and Its Implications. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050626. [PMID: 35626803 PMCID: PMC9139673 DOI: 10.3390/children9050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is emergent literature on the relationship between the development of sleep-wake cycles, sleep architecture, and sleep duration during the neonatal period on neurodevelopmental outcomes among children born preterm. There is also a growing literature on techniques to assess sleep staging in preterm neonates using either EEG methods or heart and respiration rate. Upon discharge from hospital, sleep in children born preterm has been assessed using parent report, actigraphy, and polysomnography. This review describes the ontogeny and measurement of sleep in the neonatal period, the current evidence on the impact of preterm birth on sleep both in the NICU and in childhood and adolescence, and the interaction between sleep, cognition, and social-emotional outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne Trickett
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Catherine Hill
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Southampton Children’s Hospital, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Topun Austin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Rosie Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
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6
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Early development of sleep and brain functional connectivity in term-born and preterm infants. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:771-786. [PMID: 33859364 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The proper development of sleep and sleep-wake rhythms during early neonatal life is crucial to lifelong neurological well-being. Recent data suggests that infants who have poor quality sleep demonstrate a risk for impaired neurocognitive outcomes. Sleep ontogenesis is a complex process, whereby alternations between rudimentary brain states-active vs. wake and active sleep vs. quiet sleep-mature during the last trimester of pregnancy. If the infant is born preterm, much of this process occurs in the neonatal intensive care unit, where environmental conditions might interfere with sleep. Functional brain connectivity (FC), which reflects the brain's ability to process and integrate information, may become impaired, with ensuing risks of compromised neurodevelopment. However, the specific mechanisms linking sleep ontogenesis to the emergence of FC are poorly understood and have received little investigation, mainly due to the challenges of studying causal links between developmental phenomena and assessing FC in newborn infants. Recent advancements in infant neuromonitoring and neuroimaging strategies will allow for the design of interventions to improve infant sleep quality and quantity. This review discusses how sleep and FC develop in early life, the dynamic relationship between sleep, preterm birth, and FC, and the challenges associated with understanding these processes. IMPACT: Sleep in early life is essential for proper functional brain development, which is essential for the brain to integrate and process information. This process may be impaired in infants born preterm. The connection between preterm birth, early development of brain functional connectivity, and sleep is poorly understood. This review discusses how sleep and brain functional connectivity develop in early life, how these processes might become impaired, and the challenges associated with understanding these processes. Potential solutions to these challenges are presented to provide direction for future research.
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7
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Do preterm babies sleep differently than their peers? Sleep characteristics and their associations with maternal depression and parenting stress. Sleep Med 2022; 90:109-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Ando A, Ohta H, Yoshimura Y, Nakagawa M, Asaka Y, Nakazawa T, Mitani Y, Oishi Y, Mizushima M, Adachi H, Kaneshi Y, Morioka K, Shimabukuro R, Hirata M, Ikeda T, Fukutomi R, Kobayashi K, Ozawa M, Takeshima M, Manabe A, Takahashi T, Mishima K, Kusakawa I, Yoda H, Kikuchi M, Cho K. Sleep maturation influences cognitive development of preterm toddlers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15921. [PMID: 34354199 PMCID: PMC8342419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent study on full-term toddlers demonstrated that daytime nap properties affect the distribution ratio between nap and nighttime sleep duration in total sleep time but does not affect the overall total amount of daily sleep time. However, there is still no clear scientific consensus as to whether the ratio between naps and nighttime sleep or just daily total sleep duration itself is more important for healthy child development. In the current study, to gain an answer to this question, we examined the relationship between the sleep properties and the cognitive development of toddlers born prematurely using actigraphy and the Kyoto scale of psychological development (KSPD) test. 101 premature toddlers of approximately 1.5 years of age were recruited for the study. Actigraphy units were attached to their waist with an adjustable elastic belt for 7 consecutive days and a child sleep diary was completed by their parents. In the study, we found no significant correlation between either nap or nighttime sleep duration and cognitive development of the preterm toddlers. In contrast, we found that stable daily wake time was significantly associated with better cognitive development, suggesting that sleep regulation may contribute to the brain maturation of preterm toddlers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ando
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Ohta
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. .,Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Asai Hospital, 38-1 Togane, Chiba, 283-0062, Japan.
| | - Yuko Yoshimura
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 921-1192, Japan
| | - Machiko Nakagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan.,Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan.,Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Yoko Asaka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12, W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takayo Nakazawa
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Oishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Masato Mizushima
- Department of Neonatology, Sapporo City General Hospital, N11, W13, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8604, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kaneshi
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Keita Morioka
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Rinshu Shimabukuro
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Michio Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Rika Fukutomi
- Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kobayashi
- Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Miwa Ozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeshima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Atsushi Manabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Isao Kusakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan.,Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoda
- Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Cho
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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9
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Trickett J, Bernardi M, Fahy A, Lancaster R, Larsen J, Ni Y, Suonpera E, Wolke D, Marlow N, Johnson S. Disturbed sleep in children born extremely preterm is associated with behavioural and emotional symptoms. Sleep Med 2021; 85:157-165. [PMID: 34333198 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether children born extremely preterm are at increased risk for sleep disturbances and to explore relationships between extremely preterm birth, sleep and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and emotional symptoms. METHOD EPICure2 cohort study. Parents of 165 children born ≤26 weeks' gestation (53% male) and 121 children born at term (43% male) completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, sleep disordered breathing subscale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, the emotional problems scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the ADHD Rating Scale-5 at 11 years of age. RESULTS Extremely preterm children had greater habitual snoring (adjusted odds ratio 6.8; 95% confidence interval 2.3, 20.3), less frequently fell asleep within 20 minutes (Cohen's d 0.33), higher night wakings (d 0.44) and daytime sleepiness scores (d 0.40) than term-born children; there was no between-group difference in sleep duration scores. Among children without severe disability, night wakings scores partially mediated the relationship between preterm birth and inattention (additional 5% of variance explained), hyperactivity/impulsivity (13%) and emotional problems (9%). Snoring partially mediated the relationship between preterm birth, hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention (additional 1-5% of variance). CONCLUSION Children born extremely preterm are at increased risk of disturbed sleep compared to term-born children. As night wakings partially mediated the relationship between preterm birth and ADHD symptoms and emotional problems, reducing sleep disturbance may improve sleep and reduce attention and emotional problems in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne Trickett
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Centre for Mathematical Cognition, School of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Marialivia Bernardi
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Fahy
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Lancaster
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Larsen
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Yanyan Ni
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emmi Suonpera
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Marlow
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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10
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van Kooten JAMC, Jacobse STW, Heymans MW, de Vries R, Kaspers GJL, van Litsenburg RRL. A meta-analysis of accelerometer sleep outcomes in healthy children based on the Sadeh algorithm: the influence of child and device characteristics. Sleep 2021; 44:5960427. [PMID: 33161428 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Children often experience sleep problems, with a negative impact on mood, behavior, cognitive function, and other aspects of mental and physical health. Accelerometers are widely used to assess sleep, but general reference values for healthy children do not yet exist. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine mean values for wake after sleep onset (WASO), sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time (TST) and sleep onset latency (SOL), and to determine the effect of child and accelerometer-characteristics. METHODS A search included studies with healthy children, 0-18 years, reporting WASO, SE, TST, and/or SOL, calculated with the Sadeh algorithm. Meta-analyses with random effects produced pooled estimate means per outcome. Meta-regression analyses determined the effect of age, sex, placement site and accelerometer type. RESULTS Eighty-three studies (9,068 participants) were included. Pooled means were 63 min (95% CI 57 to 69) for WASO, 88% (95% CI 87 to 89) for SE, 477 min (95% CI 464 to 491) for TST and 19 min (95% CI 17 to 22) for SOL. Heterogeneity was high (95%-99%). TST decreased with age and there was an age-effect on SOL. SE differed between wrist and ankle (used in age 0-24 months) placement, and between piezoelectric and MEMS-type accelerometers. No differences were found between boys and girls, although this number of studies was small. CONCLUSIONS We found differences in almost all investigated outcomes and heterogeneity was high. Therefore, we advise to use a study-specific control sample until more robust reference values are available. Future research should narrow the methodological heterogeneity and produce larger datasets, needed to establish these reference values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jojanneke A M C van Kooten
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sofie T W Jacobse
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn W Heymans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ralph de Vries
- University Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raphaële R L van Litsenburg
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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11
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Lupini F, Leichman ES, Lee C, Mindell JA. Sleep patterns, problems, and ecology in young children born preterm and full-term and their mothers. Sleep Med 2021; 81:443-450. [PMID: 33839374 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of sleep patterns and problems in preterm infants compared to full-term infants have yielded mixed results, with little known about sleep ecology. The aims of this study were to compare sleep patterns, sleep problems, and sleep ecology across developmental stages (birth to 36 months) in preterm (3 or more weeks early) infants and toddlers to those born full-term, in addition to their mothers' sleep. METHODS Mothers of 834 young children in Brazil (ages 0-35.9 months), half preterm and half full-term (matched for sex and chronological age), completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. RESULTS Across the entire sample, preterm and full-term infants were similar for most sleep parameters, including sleep onset latency, number and duration of night awakenings, and sleep duration, as well as sleep ecology parameters, including falling asleep independently and sleep location. However, preterm infants were more likely to be held to initiate sleep, given a bottle to resume sleep after waking, and less likely to be breastfed to resume sleep after waking. Mothers of preterm infants, however, were more likely to report a parent-perceived sleep problem, although maternal-perceived confidence in managing child sleep and bedtime difficulty were similar. Finally, maternal sleep parameters were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results indicate that sleep patterns, sleep problems, and sleep ecology among preterm infants and toddlers and their mothers are largely similar to those of full-term infants and toddlers and their mothers, even within the first few months.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jodi A Mindell
- Saint Joseph's University, United States; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States.
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12
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Nakagawa M, Ohta H, Shimabukuro R, Asaka Y, Nakazawa T, Oishi Y, Hirata M, Ando A, Ikeda T, Yoshimura Y, Mitani Y, Kaneshi Y, Morioka K, Fukutomi R, Kobayashi K, Ozawa M, Takeshima M, Mishima K, Kikuchi M, Cho K, Yoda H, Kusakawa I. Daytime nap and nighttime breastfeeding are associated with toddlers' nighttime sleep. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3028. [PMID: 33542276 PMCID: PMC7862350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to examine the association between toddlers' sleep arrangements and their nighttime sleep duration and other sleep variables. For this investigation, we performed a study in which child activity and sleep levels were recorded using actigraphy. The parents of 1.5-year-old toddlers (n = 106) were asked to attach an actigraphy unit to their child’s waist with an adjustable elastic belt and complete a sleep diary for 7 consecutive days. Questionnaires were used to assess the sleep arrangements of the toddlers. There was a significant negative correlation between nap duration and nighttime sleep duration, suggesting that longer nap sleep induces shorter nighttime sleep duration. Among the sleep arrangements, such as nighttime breastfeeding or co-sleeping, only nighttime breastfeeding predicted shorter nighttime sleep duration. Our findings indicate that shorter naps induce a longer nighttime sleep in 1.5-year-old toddlers while nighttime breastfeeding decreases their nighttime sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Nakagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan.,Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan.,Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Ohta
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. .,Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Asai Hospital, 38-1 Togane, Chiba, 283-0062, Japan.
| | - Rinshu Shimabukuro
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Yoko Asaka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12, W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takayo Nakazawa
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Oishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Michio Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Akiko Ando
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshimura
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 921-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yousuke Kaneshi
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Keita Morioka
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Rika Fukutomi
- Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kobayashi
- Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Miwa Ozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeshima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Cho
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoda
- Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Isao Kusakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan.,Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
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13
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Bulut O, Cam S, Ovali F. Impact of sleep behaviors on social and emotional problems in three-year-old children born prematurely. Sleep Med 2020; 74:173-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Durankus F, Aladag Ciftdemir N, Vatansever Ozbek U, Duran R, Acunas B. Comparison of sleep problems between term and preterm born preschool children. Sleep Med 2020; 75:484-490. [PMID: 33010574 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep disorders are common problems among all age groups. If sleep problems detected in childhood are not resolved successfully, they become sleep disorders and a chronic state. In this study, we aimed to compare sleep problems between preterm-born and term-born preschool-age children. METHODS In the cross-sectional study, children were grouped according to whether they were born preterm or at term. The preterm group included 137 children aged four to six years. The control group comprised 145 age-matched term-born preschool children. The prenatal, natal, demographical, and clinical characteristics of preterm- and term-born preschool-age children were compared. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to identify sleep problems. The total score and subscores of the CSHQ were compared between the groups. RESULTS The percentage of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms were significantly higher in the preterm group. According to the cutoff point of the CSHQ, 97 children in the preterm group (70.8%) and 88 children in the control group (60.7%) had a sleep disorder. The total score of the CSHQ was significantly higher in the preterm group compared with the control group; however, the scores of the subscales were similar between the groups. In the regression analysis, a significant association was found between being born preterm and having sleep disorder (β = 0.308, OR = 1.36, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Our study reported a high percentage of sleep problems in preterm-born preschool children. We suggest that prematurity is associated with sleep problems even if the etiology of sleep problems is heterogeneous. Symptoms regarding GER and OAS should be investigated, and precautions, such as prohibiting maternal cigarette smoking, should be taken in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferit Durankus
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Nukhet Aladag Ciftdemir
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - Ulfet Vatansever Ozbek
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Duran
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Betul Acunas
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
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15
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WITHDRAWN: Comparison of Sleep Problems Between Term and Preterm Born Preschool Children. Sleep Med X 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2020.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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16
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Postural change for supine position does not disturb toddlers' nap. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11944. [PMID: 32686727 PMCID: PMC7371876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether forced postural change from prone to supine during toddlers’ nap, a preventative measure taken in Japan for sudden unexplained death in childhood (SUDC), disturbs toddlers’ sleep. When the "Back to Sleep" campaign (BSC) was introduced to Japan in 1996, its recommendations were also applied to infants aged 1 year old and over with the expectation that the BSC recommendations may also contribute to a decrease in the occurrence rate of SUDC. Since then, Japanese nurseries have routinely conducted sleeping position checks and positional adjustments of toddlers every 5–10 min during naps. A total of 52 toddlers (age 18.4 ± 3.3 months, means ± SD) were continuously monitored for 8 h during daytime at nursery schools for wake-sleep status and body position (prone, supine and lateral) with actigraphs and 3-orthogonal-axis accelerometers. Out of the 52 toddlers, 24 toddlers adopted prone positions during naps, which were adjusted by nursery staff back to supine. When nursery staff manually changed the toddlers position from prone to supine, the toddlers either did not wake or woke only briefly (3.1 ± 4.9 min) and returned to sleep soon after the positional change. Our study indicates that manual change of toddlers’ sleeping position from prone to supine, a potential SUDC prevention method, does not disturb toddlers’ sleep during their naps.
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17
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Björkqvist J, Kuula J, Kuula L, Nurhonen M, Hovi P, Räikkönen K, Pesonen A, Kajantie E. Chronotype in very low birth weight adults - a sibling study. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1023-1033. [PMID: 32354238 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1754847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronotype is the temporal preference for activity and sleep during the 24 h day and is linked to mental and physical health, quality of life, and mortality. Later chronotypes, so-called "night owls", consistently display poorer health outcomes than "larks". Previous studies have suggested that preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) is associated with an earlier chronotype in children, adolescents, and young adults, but studies beyond this age are absent. Our aim was to determine if adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW, ≤1500 g) display different chronotypes than their siblings. We studied VLBW adults, aged 29.9 years (SD 2.8), matched with same-sex term-born siblings as controls. A total of 123 participants, consisting of 53 sibling pairs and 17 unmatched participants, provided actigraphy-derived data on the timing, duration, and quality of sleep from 1640 nights (mean 13.3 per participant, SD 2.7). Mixed effects models provided estimates and significance tests. Compared to their siblings, VLBW adults displayed 27 min earlier sleep midpoint during free days (95% CI: 3 to 51 min, p =.029). This was also reflected in the timing of falling asleep, waking up, and sleep-debt corrected sleep midpoint. The findings were emphasized in VLBW participants born small for gestational age. VLBW adults displayed an earlier chronotype than their siblings still at age 30, which suggests that the earlier chronotype is an enduring individual trait not explained by shared family factors. This preference could provide protection from risks associated with preterm birth. ABBREVIATIONS AGA: Appropriate for gestational age; ELBW: Extremely low birth weight, ≤ 1000 grams; FMBR: Finnish Medical Birth Registry; HeSVA: Helsinki Study of Very low birth weight Adults; MSFsc: Midsleep on free days, corrected for sleep debt; SGA: Small for gestational age, ≤ -2 SD; VLBW: Very low birth weight, ≤ 1500 grams; WASO: Wake after sleep onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Björkqvist
- Children's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health Promotion, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juho Kuula
- Department of Public Health Promotion, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Kuula
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Nurhonen
- Department of Public Health Promotion, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petteri Hovi
- Children's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health Promotion, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Pesonen
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Children's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health Promotion, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki, Finland.,PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu , Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway
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18
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Relationship between patient-based scoring systems and the activity level of patients measured by wearable activity trackers in lumbar spine disease. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2019; 28:1804-1810. [PMID: 31161253 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-06023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES To evaluate whether a relationship exists between patient-based scoring systems and the activity level of patients with low back pain (LBP) by using wearable activity trackers, and to determine whether activity level was affected by patient factors. METHODS The subjects were 66 patients with LBP. The physical activity of participants was objectively evaluated using the Micro-Motion logger (Actigraph). The activity level was analyzed with the mean active count of the proportional-integrating mode (PMAC) and zero-crossing mode. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index, and visual analog scale (VAS). The relationships between each item of the patient-based questionnaire and activity level, and the influence of individual factors (age, sex, body mass index [BMI], low back pain, and muscle mass) on the activity level were evaluated. RESULTS In each domain of the JOABPEQ, lumbar spine dysfunction and social life dysfunction were correlated with PMAC (r = 0.327 and 0.321, respectively). The low back pain VAS scores were correlated with PMAC (r = - 0.246). Multiple regression analysis shows that individual factors affecting the activity level of patients with LBP were sex, BMI, low back pain, and muscle mass in PMAC (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Some domains of the questionnaires were correlated with activity level, but others were not. Additionally, the activity level of patients with LBP was affected by sex, BMI, LBP, and skeletal muscle mass index. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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19
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Sleep and prematurity: sleep outcomes in preterm children and influencing factors. World J Pediatr 2019; 15:209-218. [PMID: 30830664 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-019-00240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep undergoes changes from birth to adulthood, while sleep disorders are associated with various cognitive deficiencies in childhood. In parallel, prematurity is known to predispose to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Our aim is to provide literature data about factors influencing sleep in the premature infants and sleep outcomes in this population. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using a variety of health-related databases. Original research papers were considered and no year-of-publication restriction was placed. RESULTS In total, 22 articles fulfilled our selection criteria. Available studies present remarkable heterogeneity in terms of methodological design. Compared to full term, premature infants exhibit significant differences in sleep structure, which mainly include differences in electroencephalographic spectral values, in total sleep time and in arousal threshold. Furthermore, prematurity seems to be a risk factor of sleep breathing disorders in childhood and adolescence. Data about the effect of methylxanthines and the environment of neonatal intensive care unit is controversial. With regard to the impact of prematurity-related sleep disorders on future neurodevelopment, available research papers are generally few. CONCLUSIONS The alterations in sleep patterns are an outcome of prematurity (immaturity of nervous system) as well as of postnatal factors and comorbidities. Sleep problems in this population of infants seems to be a missing piece of the puzzle of impaired neurodevelopment. Future studies should focus on interventions to improve sleep hygiene and limit neurodevelopmental problems.
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20
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Luijk MPCM, Kocevska D, Tham EKH, Gaudreau H, Reiss IKM, Duijts L, Cai S, Hillegers MHJ, Jaddoe VWV, Tiemeier H, Broekman BFP, El Marroun H. Gestational age at birth and sleep duration in early childhood in three population-based cohorts. Sleep Med X 2019; 1:100002. [PMID: 33870161 PMCID: PMC8041115 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2019.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both preterm and post-term births have been associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality, including adverse impact on neurodevelopment. Important neural maturational processes take place during sleep in newborns, but findings on gestational duration and sleep in early childhood are contradictory and often derive from small clinical samples. We studied the association of gestational age at birth with sleep duration in early childhood in three population-based cohorts. Methods Gestational age at birth and sleep duration were assessed in three population-based cohort studies in The Netherlands (n = 6471), Singapore (n = 862), and Canada (n = 583). Gestational age at birth was assessed using ultrasound in pregnancy in combination with date of birth, and caregivers repeatedly reported on child sleep duration at three, six, 24, and 36 months of age. Generalized estimating equations were used, which were adjusted for confounders, and findings were pooled in a meta-analysis. Results Children born preterm (<37 weeks of gestation) showed longer sleep duration than children born at term; and children born post-term (≥42 weeks of gestation) showed shorter sleep duration. The meta-analysis indicated a small negative effect of gestational age on child sleep duration (effect size −0.11), when assessed in children born at term only. Conclusion In early childhood, children with a lower gestational age have a longer sleep duration, even when they are born at term (37–42 weeks of gestation). These subtle yet consistent findings point to the importance of maturational processes during sleep, not only in premature children but also in children born at term after shorter gestational duration. Children born after shorter gestational duration sleep longer than their term born peers. Lower gestational age is linked to longer sleep duration in three cohorts, even in term born children (37-42 weeks gestation). The association between gestational age and sleep duration is most prominent in the first year of life. Our subtle yet consistent findings point to the importance of maturational processes during sleep. Maturational processes underlying the interplay between gestational age and sleep duration should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje P C M Luijk
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Desana Kocevska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elaine K H Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore
| | - Hélène Gaudreau
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Irwin K M Reiss
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manon H J Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Birit F P Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry, VU University, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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21
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Infants born with gestation-related risks (low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and prematurely born infants) are faced with a cascade of developmental issues. The aim of this study was to investigate whether infants with gestation-related risks have different patterns of parent-reported sleep duration and nocturnal awakenings than children without these risk factors. METHODS Information on sleep duration and nocturnal awakenings was obtained by parental report at age 6 and 18 months in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, which is a population-based longitudinal pregnancy cohort study conducted at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Birth weight and gestational age were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Outcomes were related to birth weight, prematurity, and to being born SGA. RESULTS A total of 75,531 mother-child dyads were included. Compared with children without gestational risks, children born SGA and with LBW had shorter sleep duration, whereas children born prematurely had longer sleep duration at both time points. The infants born SGA and with LBW, but not the prematurely born children, had fewer nocturnal awakenings at 6 months, but all had more awakenings at 18 months. CONCLUSION Infants with gestation-related risks show distinct sleep patterns. We suggest that sleep assessment is included in the follow-up of high-risk infants. Future studies are needed to investigate the predictive value and functional importance of the sleep patterns for infants with gestation-related risks.
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Abstract
Although well positioned to work with families of young children, nurses do not yet have a theory that guides practice and research by relating infant sleep to child and family development. The authors of this paper describe a proposed theory that combines Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory of human development with the Barnard model of parent-child interaction to inform nursing practice and research related to infant sleep and optimizing child and family development. The theory focuses on sustainability of change in family processes and infant sleep, with a goal of optimizing family wellness as the proximal environment for child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Keys
- 1 Doctoral Candidate with the Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Karen M Benzies
- 2 Professor and Associate Dean (Research), Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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23
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Bennet L, Walker DW, Horne RSC. Waking up too early - the consequences of preterm birth on sleep development. J Physiol 2018; 596:5687-5708. [PMID: 29691876 DOI: 10.1113/jp274950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Good quality sleep of sufficient duration is vital for optimal physiological function and our health. Sleep deprivation is associated with impaired neurocognitive function and emotional control, and increases the risk for cardiometabolic diseases, obesity and cancer. Sleep develops during fetal life with the emergence of a recognisable pattern of sleep states in the preterm fetus associated with the development, maturation and connectivity within neural networks in the brain. Despite the physiological importance of sleep, surprisingly little is known about how sleep develops in individuals born preterm. Globally, an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm (<37 weeks gestation) each year, and these babies are at significant risk of neural injury and impaired brain development. This review discusses how sleep develops during fetal and neonatal life, how preterm birth impacts on sleep development to adulthood, and the factors which may contribute to impaired brain and sleep development, leading to altered neurocognitive, behavioural and motor capabilities in the infant and child. Going forward, the challenge is to identify specific risk factors for impaired sleep development in preterm babies to allow for the design of interventions that will improve the quality and quantity of sleep throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bennet
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David W Walker
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rosemary S C Horne
- The Ritchie Centre, Department of Paediatrics, Monash University and Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Björkqvist J, Pesonen AK, Kuula L, Matinolli HM, Lano A, Sipola-Leppänen M, Tikanmäki M, Wolke D, Järvelin MR, Eriksson JG, Andersson S, Vääräsmäki M, Heinonen K, Räikkönen K, Hovi P, Kajantie E. Premature birth and circadian preference in young adulthood: evidence from two birth cohorts. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:555-564. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1420078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Björkqvist
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Kuula
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna-Maria Matinolli
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aulikki Lano
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Marika Sipola-Leppänen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjaana Tikanmäki
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Marja Vääräsmäki
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petteri Hovi
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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25
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Caravale B, Sette S, Cannoni E, Marano A, Riolo E, Devescovi A, De Curtis M, Bruni O. Sleep Characteristics and Temperament in Preterm Children at Two Years of Age. J Clin Sleep Med 2017; 13:1081-1088. [PMID: 28760193 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.6728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare 2-year-old children born preterm with children born full term regarding: (1) sleep characteristics, (2) temperament, and (3) relations between sleep pattern and habits and temperament. METHODS The study included 51 preterm children with normal cognitive, language, and motor development (mean = 20.94 months, standard deviation [SD] = 4.08) and 57 full-term children (mean = 21.19, SD = 4.32). To assess sleep-related difficulties and habits and child temperament, mothers completed the following questionnaires: the (1) Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children-adapted (SDSC); (2) Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ); and (3) Italian Temperament Questionnaires-version 12-36 months (QUIT). RESULTS Preterm children needed less support to fall asleep and fell asleep more often alone in their own bed compared to those born at full term; however, preterm children showed more frequent sleep difficulties, such as restlessness and breathing problems during the night. In addition, preterm children had lower scores in the temperamental dimension of attention and higher scores in negative emotionality than full-term children. Finally, sleep problems were correlated with higher motor activity, lower social orientation and attention, and increased negative emotionality; a shorter nocturnal sleep duration was related to higher motor activity and lower inhibition to novelty whereas an earlier rise time was associated with lower attention and social orientation. CONCLUSIONS Preterm children showed sleep pattern problems and disturbance, predominance of attention problems, and negative emotionality related to sleep disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Caravale
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Sette
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cannoni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Assunta Marano
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Riolo
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Devescovi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario De Curtis
- Department of Paediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Lakes KD, Guo Y, Lucas CT, Cooper D. Measuring Maternal Behaviors in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN 2017; 30:124-132. [PMID: 29720787 PMCID: PMC5927390 DOI: 10.1097/iyc.0000000000000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important considerations in designing clinical infant research studies is the selection of reliable and valid measurement procedures. Few measures of caregiver-child interactions have been studied with newborns, particularly premature infants. The main objective of this study was to examine psychometric properties of the NICHD Mother-Child Interaction Qualitative Ratings in a sample of premature infants and their mothers to evaluate its use in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Mother-baby dyads (N=24) were videotaped in a 10-minute interaction in the NICU. Nine raters independently assessed dyadic interactions using the NICHD Mother-Child Interaction Qualitative Ratings in a fully-crossed research design. Rater reliability was strong for mother and infant ratings, (.76 to .94). Scores yielded normal distributions for maternal sensitivity, positive regard, and flatness of affect and skewed distributions for maternal intrusiveness, detachment, negative regard, and all child ratings. Positive maternal behaviors correlated positively with one another and negatively with negative maternal behaviors. Thus, preliminary analyses suggest that scores obtained using the NICHD Mother-Child Interaction Qualitative Ratings with premature babies and their mothers in the NICU demonstrate adequate inter-rater reliability, and distributional properties provide preliminary evidence of face validity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuqing Guo
- Program in Nursing Science, University of California, Irvine
| | | | - Dan Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Vice Chancellor for Clinical Translational Science, University of California, Irvine
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27
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Blomqvist YT, Nyqvist KH, Rubertsson C, Funkquist E. Parents need support to find ways to optimise their own sleep without seeing their preterm infant's sleeping patterns as a problem. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106:223-228. [PMID: 27925691 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study described how parents perceived their own sleep, and their infants', during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and after discharge. It also explored the infants' sleeping location at home. METHODS The study was conducted in the NICUs of two Swedish university hospitals. The parents of 86 infants - 86 mothers and 84 fathers - answered questionnaires during their infants' hospital stay, at discharge and at the infants' corrected ages of two, six and 12 months. The parents' own sleep was explored with the Insomnia Severity Index. RESULTS Mothers reported more severe insomnia than fathers during their infants' hospitalisation, and these higher insomnia severity scores were associated with more severe infant sleep problems at discharge (p = 0.027) and at two months (p = 0.006) and 12 months (p = 0.002) of corrected age. During the study period, 4%-10% of the parents reported severe or very severe infant sleeping problems. The bed-sharing rate was 75% after discharge and about 60% at the corrected age of 12 months. CONCLUSION Maternal insomnia during an infant's hospital stay was associated with later perceptions of sleep problems in their children. Parents need support to find solutions for optimal sleep without seeing their child's sleeping patterns as a problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Thernström Blomqvist
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 95 F Uppsala University Children's Hospital Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health University Hospital Uppsala Sweden
| | | | | | - Eva‐Lotta Funkquist
- Department of Women's and Children's Health University Hospital Uppsala Sweden
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28
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McCann M, Bayliss DM, Anderson M, Campbell C, French N, McMichael J, Reid C, Bucks RS. The relationship between sleep problems and working memory in children born very preterm. Child Neuropsychol 2016; 24:124-144. [DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2016.1235144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie McCann
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Donna M. Bayliss
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Mike Anderson
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Catherine Campbell
- Neonatology Clinical Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Noel French
- Neonatology Clinical Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Judy McMichael
- Neonatology Clinical Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Corinne Reid
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Romola S. Bucks
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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29
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Abstract
While maternal influences on young children’s sleep are increasingly documented, the study of paternal contributions to this important sphere of child functioning is only just beginning. In addition, much of this emerging research has focused on infancy only or has relied on parental reports of child sleep. The current study aimed to examine the associations between paternal involvement and child sleep during toddlerhood, a period that witnesses both increased paternal involvement in child care and marked developments in child sleep. Fathers ( N = 85) reported on their involvement when their toddlers were aged 2 years, and sleep was assessed objectively with actigraphy at age 3. Results indicated that above and beyond several key covariates, fathers who reported engaging more frequently in emotional support with their 2-year-old child, and those who reported evoking the child more often, had children who slept longer at night 1 year later. These results are among the first to suggest potential paternal influences on children’s sleep after the infancy period. They raise the possibility that interventions seeking to enhance paternal involvement may carry benefits for toddlers’ sleep and consequently, for aspects of cognition, behavior, and emotion that depend on adequate sleep regulation.
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30
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Nakagawa M, Ohta H, Nagaoki Y, Shimabukuro R, Asaka Y, Takahashi N, Nakazawa T, Kaneshi Y, Morioka K, Oishi Y, Azami Y, Ikeuchi M, Takahashi M, Hirata M, Ozawa M, Cho K, Kusakawa I, Yoda H. Daytime nap controls toddlers' nighttime sleep. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27246. [PMID: 27277329 PMCID: PMC4899693 DOI: 10.1038/srep27246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that afternoon naps can have a negative effect on subsequent nighttime sleep in children. These studies have mainly been based on sleep questionnaires completed by parents. To investigate the effect of napping on such aspects of sleep quality, we performed a study in which child activity and sleep levels were recorded using actigraphy. The parents were asked to attach actigraphy units to their child’s waist by an adjustable elastic belt and complete a sleep diary for 7 consecutive days. 50 healthy young toddlers of approximately 1.5 years of age were recruited. There was a significant negative correlation between nap duration and both nighttime sleep duration and sleep onset time, suggesting that long nap sleep induces short nighttime sleep duration and late sleep onset time. We also found a significant negative correlation between nap timing and nighttime sleep duration and also a significant positive correlation between nap timing and sleep onset time, suggesting that naps in the late afternoon also lead to short nighttime sleep duration and late sleep onset. Our findings suggest that duration-controlled naps starting early in the afternoon can induce a longer nighttime sleep in full-term infants of approximately 1.5 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Nakagawa
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Ohta
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yuko Nagaoki
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Rinshu Shimabukuro
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Yoko Asaka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12, W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12, W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takayo Nakazawa
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yousuke Kaneshi
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Keita Morioka
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Oishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8935, Japan
| | - Yuriko Azami
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Mari Ikeuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Mari Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Michio Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Miwa Ozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Cho
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Isao Kusakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoda
- Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
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31
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Circadian Sleep Patterns in Toddlers Born Preterm: Longitudinal Associations with Developmental and Health Concerns. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2016; 37:358-69. [PMID: 27011003 PMCID: PMC4887334 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children born preterm are at elevated risk for several developmental and health concerns. Early sleep patterns may be associated with these concerns. The current study assesses the associations between toddler circadian sleep/activity patterns and later developmental, behavioral, attentional, and health concerns in this at-risk population. METHOD We examined circadian sleep/activity patterns at 2 years of age in 99 children born preterm. Child cognitive skills were tested at 3 years of age, and behavior, attention, and health concerns were reported at 3 and 6 years of age. First, sleep/activity data collected via actigraphy were assessed using time series analysis (TSA). For this, we assessed how each child's sleep/activity pattern compared to a specified 24-hour circadian cycle (SCC) with an adjustment for daytime napping. Second, in a series of regression models child sleep/activity parameters from the TSA were assessed with child gender, prematurity, and family sociodemographic assets as covariates. RESULTS Toddlers with patterns that closely aligned with the SCC had higher abbreviated intelligence quotient scores at 3 years of age. Additionally, at 6 years these children had a lower risk for illness-related medical visits. Higher toddler average activity level was associated with fewer teacher-reported attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and a lower risk for illness-related medical visits. CONCLUSION The novel approach used in this study to index child circadian patterns provides a pattern-based analysis of sleep/activity, which may prove to be developmentally consequential. With replication, these findings may help practitioners promote optimal cognitive and health development via circadian sleep supports in infants born preterm.
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32
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Poehlmann-Tynan J, Gerstein ED, Burnson C, Weymouth L, Bolt DM, Maleck S, Schwichtenberg AJ. Risk and resilience in preterm children at age 6. Dev Psychopathol 2015; 27:843-58. [PMID: 25196017 PMCID: PMC4834243 DOI: 10.1017/s095457941400087x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Children born preterm are at risk for experiencing significant deleterious developmental outcomes throughout their childhood and adolescence. However, individual variation and resilience are hallmarks of the preterm population. The present study examined pathways to resilience across multiple domains (e.g., social activities, peer relations, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomology, externalizing and internalizing behavior, and sleep quality) as children born preterm reached school age. The study also examined early child and family predictors of resilience. Using a prospective longitudinal design, 173 infants born preterm and without significant neurological complications were assessed at five time points: neonatal intensive care unit discharge, 9 months, 16 months, 24 months, and 6 years. Three pathways of adaptation emerged at 6 years: children who were resilient, those who remained at-risk, and children who exhibited significant difficulties. Resilient children were less likely to have experienced negative parenting at 9 and 16 months, more likely to delay gratification at 24 months, and more likely to experience neonatal health complications than nonresilient children.
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Hibbs AM, Storfer-Isser A, Rosen C, Ievers-Landis CE, Taveras EM, Redline S. Advanced sleep phase in adolescents born preterm. Behav Sleep Med 2014; 12:412-24. [PMID: 24283662 PMCID: PMC4035471 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2013.825838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this article is to evaluate whether sleep patterns and quality differed between adolescents born preterm and term, and to further explore whether differences in sleep patterns were explained by differences in mediating factors such as mood, behavior, or socioeconomic status. Five hundred and one 16- to 19-year-old children in the longitudinal Cleveland Children's Sleep and Health Study cohort underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG), wore wrist actigraphs, and completed sleep logs for 1 week. The modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale, and the Adolescent Sleep-Wake Scale were used to further assess sleep. Adolescents born preterm demonstrated significantly (p < .05) earlier bed and wake times and sleep midpoints (approximately 22 min after adjusting for demographic and psychosocial factors) by actigraphy. They also had significantly fewer arousals (by PSG), and reported being more rested and alert in the morning, as well as less sleepiness and fatigue. These findings support a growing body of evidence that perinatal factors may influence sleep phenotypes later in life. These factors may reflect developmental influences, as well as the influence of parenting styles on children's sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Hibbs
- a Department of Pediatrics Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
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Dorn F, Wirth L, Gorbey S, Wege M, Zemlin M, Maier RF, Lemmer B. Influence of acoustic stimulation on the circadian and ultradian rhythm of premature infants. Chronobiol Int 2014; 31:1062-74. [PMID: 25133792 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.948183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the present study was to evaluate the development of the circadian rhythm of the salivary cortisol in premature infants and its correlation with the onset of the sleep-activity behavior pattern during the first 3 weeks of life under controlled light:dark conditions. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of acoustic stimulation by audiotaped lullabies or the maternal voice on the cortisol values and long-term sleep-activity patterns. The study was a block-randomized, prospective clinical trial with a study population of 62 preterm neonates (30<37 gestational age). We compared two study groups who listened either to music or to the maternal voice (music: N=20; maternal voice: N=20) with a matched control group (N=22). The acoustic stimulation took place every evening between 20:00 and 21:00 h for 30 min over a period of 2 weeks. The cortisol values and activity-rest behavior of the neonates were determined during the first 3 weeks of life on the 1st, 7th and 14th day. Actigraphic monitoring was used to record the activity pattern continuously over 24 h and a validated algorithm for neonates was used to estimate sleep and wakefulness. The saliva samples were obtained 10 min before and 10 min after the acoustic interventions for the study groups. Additionally, saliva samples were obtained from the control group seven times over a 24-h period (20:00, 21:00, 01:00, 05:00, 08:00, 13:00 and 17:00 h). The cortisol data were analyzed by fast Fourier transformation to assess periodic characteristics and frequencies. Hierarchical linear modeling was further performed for the statistical analysis. RESULTS The cortisol rhythm analysis indicated a circadian rhythm pattern for only one premature infant, all others of the neonates showed no circadian or ultradian rhythm in cortisol. Cortisol level of the premature neonates was significantly higher during the first day of the study period at night-time (median: 17.1 nmol/L, IQR=9.7-24.4 nmol/L) than on days 7 (median: 9.6 nmol/L, IQR=4.7-14.6 nmol/L; Tukey-HSD, z=4.12, p<0.001) and 14 (IQR=5.8-13.7 nmol/L; Tukey-HSD, z=2.89, p<0.05). No significant effect of acoustic stimulation was observed on the cortisol concentration and sleep-wake behavior. The activity-sleep rhythm of preterm neonates was dominated by ultradian rhythm patterns with a prominent period length of 4 h (30.5%). Activity frequencies of neonates were also significantly higher overnight on the first study day (mean: 329±185.1 U) than of night seven (mean: 260.2±132.4 U; Tukey-HSD, z=2.50, p<0.05). Quiet-activity patterns increased, whereas high-activity patterns decreased during the observation period. Average sleep time increased significantly during the study time from day 1 to day 7 (Tukey-HSD, z=2.51, p<0.05). In conclusion, premature infants showed higher cortisol levels - without a circadian rhythmicity - and higher activity frequencies in the first days after birth which may reflect an adaptation process of neonates after birth. Cortisol concentrations and the activity patterns were not influenced by music interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Dorn
- Department of Pediatrics, Philipps-University Marburg , Marburg , Germany and
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Björkqvist J, Paavonen J, Andersson S, Pesonen AK, Lahti J, Heinonen K, Eriksson J, Räikkönen K, Hovi P, Kajantie E, Strang-Karlsson S. Advanced sleep-wake rhythm in adults born prematurely: confirmation by actigraphy-based assessment in the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults. Sleep Med 2014; 15:1101-6. [PMID: 24980065 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have suggested a propensity towards morningness in teenagers and adults born preterm. We set out to study sleep in a subsample from The Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults cohort, with emphasis on sleep timing, duration, and quality. We compared young adults who were born prematurely at very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) with controls born at term. METHODS We measured sleep by actigraphy in young adults aged 21-29 years. A total of 75 individuals (40 VLBW and 35 controls) provided adequate data. Group differences in sleep parameters were analyzed using t-test and linear regression models. RESULTS VLBW adults woke up on average 40 min earlier [95% confidence interval (CI), 9-70] and reported 40 min earlier get up time (95% CI, 8-71) than did the controls. The difference remained after adjustment for confounders. We found no group difference in sleep duration or measures of sleep quality. CONCLUSION Our findings of earlier rising in the VLBW group are suggestive of an advanced sleep phase in that group. These results reinforce previous suggestions that chronotype may be programmed early during life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Björkqvist
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Juulia Paavonen
- Child Psychiatry, Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland; Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petteri Hovi
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sonja Strang-Karlsson
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Asaka Y, Takada S. Relation between sleep status of preterm infants aged 1-2 years and mothers' parenting stress. Pediatr Int 2013; 55:416-21. [PMID: 23480660 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare infants' sleep measures through an actigraph and maternal parenting stress among preterm and full-term mothers, and to explore the factors affecting maternal parenting stress in relation to infants' sleep. METHODS The subjects were 44 pairs of mothers and children. Twenty-one were in the preterm group, and 23 were in the full-term group. Inclusion criteria for preterm infants were born at less than 36 weeks and birthweight of less than 2500 g. The Parenting Stress Index (PSI) Short Form assesses maternal perception of the degree of parenting stress: the children's domain, and the parent's domain. An actigraph was applied to assess the infants' sleep measures. RESULTS The PSI showed significant differences, with high scores in parenting stress in the preterm group. Also, the number of mothers who complained about their infant's sleep issues was significantly higher in the preterm group. Most of the sleep measures showed improvement by their age in both preterm and full-term infants. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that sleep efficiency, longest sleep duration at nighttime accounted for 71% of stress in the children's domain of the PSI of the preterm group. CONCLUSION The parenting stress among mothers of preterm infants was significantly higher than that of mothers of full-term infants. The mothers of preterm infants were concerned about their infant's nocturnal sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Asaka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Spiegler J, Schlaud M, König IR, Teig N, Hubert M, Herting E, Göpel W. Very low birth weight infants after discharge: What do parents describe? Early Hum Dev 2013; 89:343-7. [PMID: 23266151 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality in Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infants during their hospital stay have been well described. However, there are insufficient data regarding health problems after discharge. STUDY DESIGN In a multicenter study performed between January 2009 and December 2010 including 2493 VLBW infants, questionnaires were sent out to all participating parents in the first year of life. We compared the parental reported health of VLBW infants with a national cohort (KIGGS). RESULTS The reported health of VLBW infants born after 29 weeks of gestation was identical to term infants. Even in the group of infants born before 24 weeks of gestation health was regarded as very good or good in >70% of cases. However, parents described a delayed development in >50% increasing to >70% with lower gestational age. In the first year of life VLBW infants have an increased risk of visual and hearing problems. Bronchitis was more frequent in VLBW infants but there were no differences in other infections typical for that age group. VLBW infants had less sleeping problems. No gender differences were described. CONCLUSION VLBW infants in our study require slightly more medical care compared to their peers. However, medical problems are relatively small compared to the developmental needs as perceived by their parents. Therefore, close follow-up and advice by specialists in infant development are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Spiegler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Luebeck, Germany.
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El-Sheikh M, Arsiwalla DD, Staton L, Dyer WJ, Vaughn BE. Associations between preschoolers' daytime and nighttime sleep parameters. Behav Sleep Med 2013; 11:91-104. [PMID: 23137313 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2011.625460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This article examined associations between preschoolers' daytime and nighttime sleep parameters. A total of 63 preschoolers (65% boys; age: M = 4.15, SD = 0.62) participated. Sleep was assessed via actigraphy for 4 days and nights. Results are among the first to demonstrate significant associations between sleep parameters (especially sleep quality indexes) examined actigraphically at home and in child care contexts. Findings indicate that poor sleep quality indexed by greater sleep activity and awakenings, as well as less efficient sleep, were associated across nighttime sleep at home and daytime sleep in child care. Understanding connections between sleep across contexts has important implications for child care providers and parents as they attempt to facilitate child sleep during a developmental period of rapidly changing sleep patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona El-Sheikh
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, AL 36849-5214, USA.
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El-Sheikh M, Bagley EJ, Keiley M, Elmore-Staton L, Chen E, Buckhalt JA. Economic adversity and children's sleep problems: multiple indicators and moderation of effects. Health Psychol 2012; 32:849-59. [PMID: 23148451 DOI: 10.1037/a0030413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toward explicating relations between economic adversity and children's sleep, we examined associations between multiple indicators of socioeconomic status (SES)/adversity and children's objectively and subjectively derived sleep parameters; ethnicity was examined as potential moderator. METHODS Participants were 276 third- and fourth-grade children and their families (133 girls; M age = 9.44 years; SD = .71): 66% European American (EA) and 34% African American (AA). Four SES indicators were used: income-to-needs ratio, perceived economic well-being, maternal education, and community poverty. Children wore actigraphs for 7 nights and completed a self-report measure to assess sleep problems. RESULTS Objectively and subjectively assessed sleep parameters were related to different SES indicators, and overall worse sleep was evident for children from lower SES homes. Specifically, children from homes with lower income-to-needs ratios had higher levels of reported sleep/wake problems. Parental perceived economic well-being was associated with shorter sleep minutes and greater variability in sleep onset for children. Lower mother's education was associated with lower sleep efficiency. Children who attended Title 1 schools had shorter sleep minutes. Ethnicity was a significant moderator of effects in the link between some SES indicators and children's sleep. AA children's sleep was more negatively affected by income-to-needs ratio and mother's education than was the sleep of EA children. CONCLUSIONS The results advocate for the importance of specifying particular SES and sleep variables used because they may affect the ability to detect associations between sleep and economic adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona El-Sheikh
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5214, USA.
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Meltzer LJ, Montgomery-Downs HE, Insana SP, Walsh CM. Use of actigraphy for assessment in pediatric sleep research. Sleep Med Rev 2012; 16:463-75. [PMID: 22424706 PMCID: PMC3445439 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of actigraphs, or ambulatory devices that estimate sleep-wake patterns from activity levels, has become common in pediatric research. Actigraphy provides a more objective measure than parent-report, and has gained popularity due to its ability to measure sleep-wake patterns for extended periods of time in the child's natural environment. The purpose of this review is: 1) to provide comprehensive information on the historic and current uses of actigraphy in pediatric sleep research; 2) to review how actigraphy has been validated among pediatric populations; and 3) offer recommendations for methodological areas that should be included in all studies that utilize actigraphy, including the definition and scoring of variables commonly reported. The poor specificity to detect wake after sleep onset was consistently noted across devices and age groups, thus raising concerns about what is an "acceptable" level of specificity for actigraphy. Other notable findings from this review include the lack of standard scoring rules or variable definitions. Suggestions for the use and reporting of actigraphy in pediatric research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J. Meltzer
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, G311, Denver, CO
80206, 303-398-1837 (P), 303-270-2141 (F)
| | | | - Salvatore P. Insana
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3811 O’Hara
Street, E-1107, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, 412-246-6943 (P)
| | - Colleen M. Walsh
- Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104,
215-662-3189 (P)
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