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Cyske Z, Gaffke L, Rintz E, Wiśniewska K, Węgrzyn G, Pierzynowska K. Molecular mechanisms of the ambroxol action in Gaucher disease and GBA1 mutation-associated Parkinson disease. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105774. [PMID: 38797393 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GCase), encoded by the GBA1 gene, is one of the lysosomal enzymes responsible for hydrolyzing the glycosphingolipids. Deficiency in GCase activity (in patients with two defective alleles of GBA1) leads to glucosylceramide storage in lysosomes which in turn results in the development of the Gaucher diseases, a lysosomal storage disorder, while a heterozygous state may be correlated with the GBA1 mutation-associated Parkinson disease. One of the proposed forms of therapy for these two conditions is the use of pharmacological chaperones which work by facilitating the achievement of the correct conformation of abnormally folded enzymes. Several compounds with chaperone activities against GCase have already been tested, one of which turned out to be ambroxol. Studies conducted on the action of this compound have indeed indicated its effectiveness in increasing GCase levels and activity. However, some data have begun to question its activity as a chaperone against certain GCase variants. Then, a number of articles appeared pointing to other mechanisms of action of ambroxol, which may also contribute to the improvement of patients' condition. This paper summarizes the biological mechanisms of action of ambroxol in Gaucher disease and GBA1 mutation-associated Parkinson disease, focused on its activity as a chaperone, modulator of ERAD pathways, inducer of autophagy, and pain reliever in cellular and animal models as well as in patients. The effects of these activities on the reduction of disease markers and symptoms in patients are also discussed. Consideration of all the properties of ambroxol can help in the appropriate choice of therapy and the determination of the effective drug dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Cyske
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Wiśniewska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
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2
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Bhalla D, Dinesh S, Sharma S, Sathisha GJ. Gut-Brain Axis Modulation of Metabolic Disorders: Exploring the Intertwined Neurohumoral Pathways and Therapeutic Prospects. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:847-871. [PMID: 38244132 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
A significant rise in metabolic disorders, frequently brought on by lifestyle choices, is alarming. A wide range of preliminary studies indicates the significance of the gut-brain axis, which regulates bidirectional signaling between the gastrointestinal tract and the cognitive system, and is crucial for regulating host metabolism and cognition. Intimate connections between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract provide a network of neurohumoral transmission that can transmit in both directions. The gut-brain axis successfully establishes that the wellness of the brain is always correlated with the extent to which the gut operates. Research on the gut-brain axis has historically concentrated on how psychological health affects how well the gastrointestinal system works. The latest studies, however, revealed that the gut microbiota interacts with the brain via the gut-brain axis to control phenotypic changes in the brain and in behavior. This study addresses the significance of the gut microbiota, the role of the gut-brain axis in management of various metabolic disorders, the hormonal and neural signaling pathways and the therapeutic treatments available. Its objective is to establish the significance of the gut-brain axis in metabolic disorders accurately and examine the link between the two while evaluating the therapeutic strategies to be incorporated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Bhalla
- Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Science, Bangalore, 560048, India
| | - Susha Dinesh
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bangalore, 560043, India
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bangalore, 560043, India.
| | - Gonchigar Jayanna Sathisha
- Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Jnanasahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, 577451, India
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3
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Kell P, Sidhu R, Qian M, Mishra S, Nicoli ER, D'Souza P, Tifft CJ, Gross AL, Gray-Edwards HL, Martin DR, Sena-Esteves M, Dietzen DJ, Singh M, Luo J, Schaffer JE, Ory DS, Jiang X. A pentasaccharide for monitoring pharmacodynamic response to gene therapy in GM1 gangliosidosis. EBioMedicine 2023; 92:104627. [PMID: 37267847 PMCID: PMC10277919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare, fatal, neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene and deficiency in β-galactosidase. Delay of symptom onset and increase in lifespan in a GM1 gangliosidosis cat model after adeno-associated viral (AAV) gene therapy treatment provide the basis for AAV gene therapy trials. The availability of validated biomarkers would greatly improve assessment of therapeutic efficacy. METHODS The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to screen oligosaccharides as potential biomarkers for GM1 gangliosidosis. The structures of pentasaccharide biomarkers were determined with mass spectrometry, as well as chemical and enzymatic degradations. Comparison of LC-MS/MS data of endogenous and synthetic compounds confirmed the identification. The study samples were analyzed with fully validated LC-MS/MS methods. FINDINGS We identified two pentasaccharide biomarkers, H3N2a and H3N2b, that were elevated more than 18-fold in patient plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine. Only H3N2b was detectable in the cat model, and it was negatively correlated with β-galactosidase activity. Following intravenous (IV) AAV9 gene therapy treatment, reduction of H3N2b was observed in central nervous system, urine, plasma, and CSF samples from the cat model and in urine, plasma, and CSF samples from a patient. Reduction of H3N2b accurately reflected normalization of neuropathology in the cat model and improvement of clinical outcomes in the patient. INTERPRETATIONS These results demonstrate that H3N2b is a useful pharmacodynamic biomarker to evaluate the efficacy of gene therapy for GM1 gangliosidosis. H3N2b will facilitate the translation of gene therapy from animal models to patients. FUNDING This work was supported by grants U01NS114156, R01HD060576, ZIAHG200409, and P30 DK020579 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and a grant from National Tay-Sachs and Allied Diseases Association Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Kell
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rohini Sidhu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Mingxing Qian
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sonali Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Elena-Raluca Nicoli
- Medical Genetics Branch and Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Precilla D'Souza
- Medical Genetics Branch and Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cynthia J Tifft
- Medical Genetics Branch and Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Amanda L Gross
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Heather L Gray-Edwards
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Douglas R Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Miguel Sena-Esteves
- Department of Neurology, Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Dennis J Dietzen
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Manmilan Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jingqin Luo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jean E Schaffer
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Daniel S Ory
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Radulescu D, Buzdugan E, Stoicescu L, Grosu A, Radulescu ML. Current status of cardiac manifestations in Fabry disease and their treatment. Med Pharm Rep 2021; 94:S19-S21. [PMID: 34527902 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-2221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present paper, we discuss cardiac symptoms in Fabry patients, the main imaging and laboratory methods to diagnose myocardial involvement in this disease. In the second part, we present the main treatment options in Fabry patients, including enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction treatment, chaperone therapy, gene treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Radulescu
- 5 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Buzdugan
- 5 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lauretiu Stoicescu
- 5 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alin Grosu
- 5 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria L Radulescu
- 5 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Simonetta I, Tuttolomondo A, Daidone M, Miceli S, Pinto A. Treatment of Anderson-Fabry Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:5089-5099. [PMID: 32183665 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200317142412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fabry disease is an X-linked disorder of glycosphingolipid metabolism that results in progressive accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids, predominantly globotriaosylsphingosine (Gb3) in lysosomes, as well as other cellular compartments of several tissues, causing multi-organ manifestations (acroparesthesias, hypohidrosis, angiokeratomas, signs and symptoms of cardiac, renal, cerebrovascular involvement). Pathogenic mutations lead to a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (GLA). In the presence of high clinical suspicion, a careful physical examination and specific laboratory tests are required. Finally, the diagnosis of Fabry's disease is confirmed by the demonstration of the absence of or reduced alpha-galactosidase A enzyme activity in hemizygous men and gene typing in heterozygous females. Measurement of the biomarkers Gb3 and Lyso Gb3 in biological specimens may facilitate diagnosis. The current treatment of Anderson-Fabry disease is represented by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and oral pharmacological chaperone. Future treatments are based on new strategic approaches such as stem cell-based therapy, pharmacological approaches chaperones, mRNA therapy, and viral gene therapy. This review outlines the current therapeutic approaches and emerging treatment strategies for Anderson-Fabry disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Simonetta
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Daidone
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Miceli
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Pinto
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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6
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Eikelberg D, Lehmbecker A, Brogden G, Tongtako W, Hahn K, Habierski A, Hennermann JB, Naim HY, Felmy F, Baumgärtner W, Gerhauser I. Axonopathy and Reduction of Membrane Resistance: Key Features in a New Murine Model of Human G M1-Gangliosidosis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041004. [PMID: 32252429 PMCID: PMC7230899 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
GM1-gangliosidosis is caused by a reduced activity of β-galactosidase (Glb1), resulting in intralysosomal accumulations of GM1. The aim of this study was to reveal the pathogenic mechanisms of GM1-gangliosidosis in a new Glb1 knockout mouse model. Glb1−/− mice were analyzed clinically, histologically, immunohistochemically, electrophysiologically and biochemically. Morphological lesions in the central nervous system were already observed in two-month-old mice, whereas functional deficits, including ataxia and tremor, did not start before 3.5-months of age. This was most likely due to a reduced membrane resistance as a compensatory mechanism. Swollen neurons exhibited intralysosomal storage of lipids extending into axons and amyloid precursor protein positive spheroids. Additionally, axons showed a higher kinesin and lower dynein immunoreactivity compared to wildtype controls. Glb1−/− mice also demonstrated loss of phosphorylated neurofilament positive axons and a mild increase in non-phosphorylated neurofilament positive axons. Moreover, marked astrogliosis and microgliosis were found, but no demyelination. In addition to the main storage material GM1, GA1, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine were elevated in the brain. In summary, the current Glb1−/− mice exhibit a so far undescribed axonopathy and a reduced membrane resistance to compensate the functional effects of structural changes. They can be used for detailed examinations of axon–glial interactions and therapy trials of lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Eikelberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (D.E.); (A.L.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Annika Lehmbecker
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (D.E.); (A.L.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Graham Brogden
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (G.B.); (H.Y.N.)
| | - Witchaya Tongtako
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (D.E.); (A.L.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
- c/o Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Sonkla University, 5 Karnjanavanich Rd., Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Kerstin Hahn
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (D.E.); (A.L.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Andre Habierski
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (D.E.); (A.L.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Julia B. Hennermann
- Villa Metabolica, University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 2, D-55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Hassan Y. Naim
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (G.B.); (H.Y.N.)
| | - Felix Felmy
- Department for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (D.E.); (A.L.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ingo Gerhauser
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany; (D.E.); (A.L.); (W.T.); (K.H.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
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7
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Maor G, Rapaport D, Horowitz M. The effect of mutant GBA1 on accumulation and aggregation of α-synuclein. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:1768-1781. [PMID: 30615125 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) patients and carriers of GD mutations have a higher propensity to develop Parkinson's disease (PD) in comparison to the non-GD population. This implies that mutant GBA1 allele is a predisposing factor for the development of PD. One of the major characteristics of PD is the presence of oligomeric α-synuclein-positive inclusions known as Lewy bodies in the dopaminergic neurons localized to the substantia nigra pars compacta. In the present study we tested whether presence of human mutant GCase leads to accumulation and aggregation of α-synuclein in two models: in SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells endogenously expressing α-synuclein and stably transfected with human GCase variants, and in Drosophila melanogaster co-expressing normal human α-synuclein and mutant human GCase. Our results showed that heterologous expression of mutant, but not WT, human GCase in SHSY5Y cells, led to a significant stabilization of α-synuclein and to its aggregation. In parallel, there was also a significant stabilization of mutant, but not WT, GCase. Co-expression of human α-synuclein and human mutant GCase in the dopaminergic cells of flies initiated α-synuclein aggregation, earlier death of these cells and significantly shorter life span, compared with flies expressing α-synuclein or mutant GCase alone. Taken together, our results strongly indicate that human mutant GCase contributes to accumulation and aggregation of α-synuclein. In the fly, this aggregation leads to development of more severe parkinsonian signs in comparison to flies expressing either mutant GCase or α-synuclein alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gali Maor
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Debora Rapaport
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Mia Horowitz
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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8
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Therapeutic approaches in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) involving N-linked glycosylation: an update. Genet Med 2020; 22:268-279. [PMID: 31534212 PMCID: PMC8720509 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous metabolic disorders. Over 150 CDG types have been described. Most CDG types are ultrarare disorders. CDG types affecting N-glycosylation are the most common type of CDG with emerging therapeutic possibilities. This review is an update on the available therapies for disorders affecting the N-linked glycosylation pathway. In the first part of the review, we highlight the clinical presentation, general principles of management, and disease-specific therapies for N-linked glycosylation CDG types, organized by organ system. The second part of the review focuses on the therapeutic strategies currently available and under development. We summarize the successful (pre-) clinical application of nutritional therapies, transplantation, activated sugars, gene therapy, and pharmacological chaperones and outline the anticipated expansion of the therapeutic possibilities in CDG. We aim to provide a comprehensive update on the treatable aspects of CDG types involving N-linked glycosylation, with particular emphasis on disease-specific treatment options for the involved organ systems; call for natural history studies; and present current and future therapeutic strategies for CDG.
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Abstract
"Orphan" does not mean infrequent: over 7000 rare diseases affect millions of individuals. The US Orphan Drug Act and analogous regulations have succeeded at accelerating the development of novel therapies, but high prices threaten sustainability. Lysosomal storage disorders serve here to illustrate the light and shadows of this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC—Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
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10
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Ordóñez YF, Abad JL, Aseeri M, Casas J, Garcia V, Casasampere M, Schuchman EH, Levade T, Delgado A, Triola G, Fabrias G. Activity-Based Imaging of Acid Ceramidase in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:7736-7742. [PMID: 31030513 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Acid ceramidase (AC) hydrolyzes ceramides into sphingoid bases and fatty acids. The enzyme is overexpressed in several types of cancer and Alzheimer's disease, and its genetic defect causes different incurable disorders. The availability of a method for the specific visualization of catalytically active AC in intracellular compartments is crucial for diagnosis and follow-up of therapeutic strategies in diseases linked to altered AC activity. This work was undertaken to develop activity-based probes for the detection of AC. Several analogues of the AC inhibitor SABRAC were synthesized and found to act as very potent (two-digit nM range) irreversible AC inhibitors by reaction with the active site Cys143. Detection of active AC in cell-free systems was achieved either by using fluorescent SABRAC analogues or by click chemistry with an azide-substituted analogue. The compound affording the best features allowed the unprecedented labeling of active AC in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadira F Ordóñez
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - José Luís Abad
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Mazen Aseeri
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-EHD) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Mireia Casasampere
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Edward H Schuchman
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York 10029 , United States
| | - Thierry Levade
- INSERM, UMR1037 CRCT , 31037 Toulouse , France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique , Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan , 31300 Toulouse , France
| | - Antonio Delgado
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,Unit of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gemma Triola
- Chemical Biology group, Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gemma Fabrias
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry , Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) , Jordi Girona, 18 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain.,Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-EHD) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
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11
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Quantitative Analysis of Conjunctival and Retinal Vessels in Fabry Disease. J Ophthalmol 2019; 2019:4696429. [PMID: 31093369 PMCID: PMC6481025 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4696429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabry Disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder characterized by systemic and ocular involvement. It has been described an increasing in retinal and conjunctival vessel tortuosity and this feature represents an important marker for the disease. Currently, there is not an objective method to measure and quantify this parameter. We tested a new semi-automatic software measuring retinal and conjunctival vessel tortuosity from eye fundus and conjunctival digital images in a group of FD patients. We performed an observational case-control study evaluating three mathematical parameters describing tortuosity (sum of angle metric [SOAM], product of angle distance [PAD], triangular index [I2e]) obtained from fundus and conjunctival pictures of 11 FD patients and 11 age and sex-matched controls. Both eyes were considered. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the FD group versus the control group and, within the FD group, male versus female patients. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the possible association of retinal and conjunctival vessels tortuosity parameters with age and with specific markers of systemic disease's progression. The tortuosity parameters (SOAM, PAD and I2e) were significantly higher in retinal vessels and in conjunctival nasal vessels in FD patients in comparison with the controls (p=0.003, p=0.002, p=0.001 respectively for retina) (p=0.023, p=0.014, p=0.001 respectively for nasal conjunctiva). No significant association was found between retinal and conjunctival tortuosity parameters and increasing age or systemic involvement markers. Vessel tortuosity represents an important clinical manifestation in FD. A computer-assisted analysis of retinal and conjunctival vasculature demonstrated an increased vessels tortuosity in patients affected by Fabry disease. This non-invasive technique might be useful to help the diagnosis in early stages, to establish disease severity and monitor its progression.
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Kanagawa M. Myo-Glyco disease Biology: Genetic Myopathies Caused by Abnormal Glycan Synthesis and Degradation. J Neuromuscul Dis 2019; 6:175-187. [PMID: 30856120 PMCID: PMC6598100 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-180369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a major form of post-translational modification and plays various important roles in organisms by modifying proteins or lipids, which generates functional variability and can increase their stability. Because of the physiological importance of glycosylation, defects in genes encoding proteins involved in glycosylation or glycan degradation are sometimes associated with human diseases. A number of genetic neuromuscular diseases are caused by abnormal glycan modification or degeneration. Heterogeneous and complex modification machinery, and difficulties in structural and functional analysis of glycans have impeded the understanding of how glycosylation contributes to pathology. However, recent rapid advances in glycan and genetic analyses, as well as accumulating genetic and clinical information have greatly contributed to identifying glycan structures and modification enzymes, which has led to breakthroughs in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of various diseases and the possible development of therapeutic strategies. For example, studies on the relationship between glycosylation and muscular dystrophy in the last two decades have significantly impacted the fields of glycobiology and neuromyology. In this review, the basis of glycan structure and biosynthesis will be briefly explained, and then molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic concepts related to neuromuscular diseases will be introduced from the point of view of the life cycle of a glycan molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Kanagawa
- Division of Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Exploration of Catalytic Selectivity for Aminotransferase (BtrR) Based on Multiple Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051188. [PMID: 30857183 PMCID: PMC6429434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aminotransferase from Bacillus circulans (BtrR), which is involved in the biosynthesis of butirosin, catalyzes the pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transamination reaction to convert valienone to β-valienamine (a new β-glycosidase inhibitor for the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases) with an optical purity enantiomeric excess value. To explore the stereoselective mechanism of valienamine generated by BtrR, multiple molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for the BtrR/PLP/valienamine and BtrR/PLP/β-valienamine complexes. The theoretical results showed that β-valienamine could make BtrR more stable and dense than valienamine. β-valienamine could increase the hydrogen bond probability and decrease the binding free energy between coenzyme PLP and BtrR by regulating the protein structure of BtrR, which was conducive to the catalytic reaction. β-valienamine maintained the formation of cation-p interactions between basic and aromatic amino acids in BtrR, thus enhancing its stability and catalytic activity. In addition, CAVER 3.0 analysis revealed that β-valienamine could make the tunnel of BtrR wider and straight, which was propitious to the removal of products from BtrR. Steered MD simulation results showed that valienamine interacted with more residues in the tunnel during dissociation compared with β-valienamine, resulting in the need for a stronger force to be acquired from BtrR. Taken together, BtrR was more inclined to catalyze the substrates to form β-valienamine, either from the point of view of the catalytic reaction or product removal.
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Revel-Vilk S, Szer J, Mehta A, Zimran A. How we manage Gaucher Disease in the era of choices. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:467-480. [PMID: 29808905 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of Gaucher Disease (GD) is now beset with the abundance of therapeutic options for an individual patient, making the choice of therapy complex for both expert and non-expert clinicians. The pathogenesis of all disease manifestations is a gene mutation-driven deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, but the clinical expression and response of each of the clinical manifestations to different therapies can be difficult to predict. Enzyme replacement therapy has been available since 1991 and is well-established, with known efficacy and minimal toxicity. Of interest, the three available enzymes are distinct molecules and were registered as new products, not biosimilars. Oral substrate reduction therapy has undergone a revitalisation with a newly approved agent in this class for which some efficacy and toxicity questions have been raised. Herein we present our approach to the management of GD in the era of choices, including a new algorithm for how to manage a newly diagnosed patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshana Revel-Vilk
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeff Szer
- Royal Melbourne Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Atul Mehta
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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15
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Ranjan S, Patra PK. Extensive Mongolian Spots in a Hypotonic Infant with GM1 Gangliosidosis. J Pediatr Neurosci 2018; 13:346-348. [PMID: 30271472 PMCID: PMC6144614 DOI: 10.4103/jpn.jpn_180_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mongolian spots (MS), also known as dermal melanocytosis, are the most frequently seen birthmarks and generally present as large, blue or blue-black macules or patches, mostly limited to the lumbosacral region. They are considered as a benign manifestation; however, extensive MS can be a manifestation of certain underlying inborn errors of metabolism including GM1 gangliosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprabhat Ranjan
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Pratap K Patra
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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Spratley SJ, Deane JE. New therapeutic approaches for Krabbe disease: The potential of pharmacological chaperones. J Neurosci Res 2017; 94:1203-19. [PMID: 27638604 PMCID: PMC5031207 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the lysosomal hydrolase β‐galactocerebrosidase (GALC) account for at least 40% of known cases of Krabbe disease (KD). Most of these missense mutations are predicted to disrupt the fold of the enzyme, preventing GALC in sufficient amounts from reaching its site of action in the lysosome. The predominant central nervous system (CNS) pathology and the absence of accumulated primary substrate within the lysosome mean that strategies used to treat other lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are insufficient in KD, highlighting the still unmet clinical requirement for successful KD therapeutics. Pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT) is one strategy being explored to overcome defects in GALC caused by missense mutations. In recent studies, several small‐molecule inhibitors have been identified as promising chaperone candidates for GALC. This Review discusses new insights gained from these studies and highlights the importance of characterizing both the chaperone interaction and the underlying mutation to define properly a responsive population and to improve the translation of existing lead molecules into successful KD therapeutics. We also highlight the importance of using multiple complementary methods to monitor PCT effectiveness. Finally, we explore the exciting potential of using combination therapy to ameliorate disease through the use of PCT with existing therapies or with more generalized therapeutics, such as proteasomal inhibition, that have been shown to have synergistic effects in other LSDs. This, alongside advances in CNS delivery of recombinant enzyme and targeted rational drug design, provides a promising outlook for the development of KD therapeutics. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Spratley
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pathology University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Janet E Deane
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pathology University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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Graziano ACE, Pannuzzo G, Avola R, Cardile V. Chaperones as potential therapeutics for Krabbe disease. J Neurosci Res 2017; 94:1220-30. [PMID: 27638605 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Krabbe's disease (KD) is an autosomal recessive, neurodegenerative disorder. It is classified among the lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). It was first described in , but the genetic defect for the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) gene was not discovered until the beginning of the 1970s, 20 years before the GALC cloning. Recently, in 2011, the crystal structures of the GALC enzyme and the GALC-product complex were obtained. For this, compared with other LSDs, the research on possible therapeutic interventions is much more recent. Thus, it is not surprising that some treatment options are still under preclinical investigation, whereas their relevance for other pathologies of the same group has already been tested in clinical studies. This is specifically the case for pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT), a promising strategy for selectively correcting defective protein folding and trafficking and for enhancing enzyme activity by small molecules. These compounds bind directly to a partially folded biosynthetic intermediate, stabilize the protein, and allow completion of the folding process to yield a functional protein. Here, we review the chaperones that have demonstrated potential therapeutics during preclinical studies for KD, underscoring the requirement to invigorate research for KD-addressed PCT that will benefit from recent insights into the molecular understanding of GALC structure, drug design, and development in cellular models. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanna Pannuzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosanna Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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A quantitative analytical method for valienone and its application in the evaluation of valienone production by a breakthrough microbial process. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:794-800. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Sphingolipidoses are genetically inherited diseases in which genetic mutations lead to functional deficiencies in the enzymes needed for lysosomal degradation of sphingolipid substrates. As a consequence, nondegradable lipids enrich in the lysosomes and lead to fatal pathological phenotypes in affected individuals. In this review, different drug-based treatment strategies including enzyme replacement therapy and substrate reduction therapy are discussed. A special focus is on the concept of pharmacological chaperones, one of which recently acquired clinical approval within the EU. On the basis of the different limitations for each approach, possible future directions of research are discussed.
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20
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Abstract
Fibromyalgia appears to present in subgroups with regard to biological pain induction, with primarily inflammatory, neuropathic/neurodegenerative, sympathetic, oxidative, nitrosative, or muscular factors and/or central sensitization. Recent research has also discussed glial activation or interrupted dopaminergic neurotransmission, as well as increased skin mast cells and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therapy is difficult, and the treatment options used so far mostly just have the potential to address only one of these aspects. As ambroxol addresses all of them in a single substance and furthermore also reduces visceral hypersensitivity, in fibromyalgia existing as irritable bowel syndrome or chronic bladder pain, it should be systematically investigated for this purpose. Encouraged by first clinical observations of two working groups using topical or oral ambroxol for fibromyalgia treatments, the present paper outlines the scientific argument for this approach by looking at each of the aforementioned aspects of this complex disease and summarizes putative modes of action of ambroxol. Nevertheless, at this point the evidence basis for ambroxol is not strong enough for clinical recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Uwe Kern
- Institute of Pain Medicine/Pain Practice, Wiesbaden, Germany
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21
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Cui L, Guan XQ, Liu ZM, Fan LY, Li Q, Feng Y. A new pre-column derivatization for valienamine and beta-valienamine using o-phthalaldehyde to determine the epimeric purity by HPLC and application of this method to monitor enzymatic catalyzed synthesis of beta-valienamine. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:347-357. [PMID: 28367638 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1292257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Valienamine and β-valienamine are representative C7 N aminocyclitols with significant glycosidase inhibition activity that have been developed as important precursors of drugs for diabetes and lysosomal storage diseases, respectively. The quantitative analysis of these chiral compounds is crucial for asymmetric in vitro biosynthetic processes for converting valienone into valienamine epimers using aminotransferase. Here, we developed an efficient and sensitive method for separation and quantitative analysis of chiral valienamine using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) through o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) pre-column derivatization of the analytes. The epimers were derivatized by OPA in borate buffer (pH 9.0) at room temperature for 30 s, separated on an Eclipse XDB-C18 (5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm) column, eluted with 22% acetonitrile at 30 °C for 18 min, and detected by a fluorescence detector using 445 nm emission and 340 nm excitation wavelengths. The average resolution of the epimers is 3.86, and the concentration linearity is in the range of 0.02-20 μg/ml. The method proved to be effective, sensitive, and reliable with good intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy, and successfully evaluated the enantiopreference and catalytic capability of the potential aminotransferases on an unnatural prochiral substrate, facilitating the design of an asymmetric biosynthetic route for optically pure valienamine and β-valienamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Xiao-Qing Guan
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Zhang-Min Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Liu-Yin Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Qian Li
- b School of Life Science & Technology , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yan Feng
- a State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
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22
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Donida B, Jacques CED, Mescka CP, Rodrigues DGB, Marchetti DP, Ribas G, Giugliani R, Vargas CR. Oxidative damage and redox in Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Biochemical markers. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 466:46-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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23
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Song HY, Chiang HC, Tseng WL, Wu P, Chien CS, Leu HB, Yang YP, Wang ML, Jong YJ, Chen CH, Yu WC, Chiou SH. Using CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated GLA Gene Knockout as an In Vitro Drug Screening Model for Fabry Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122089. [PMID: 27983599 PMCID: PMC5187889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-editing system has revealed promising potential for generating gene mutation, deletion, and correction in human cells. Application of this powerful tool in Fabry disease (FD), however, still needs to be explored. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), a regular administration of recombinant human α Gal A (rhα-GLA), is a currently available and effective treatment to clear the accumulated Gb3 in FD patients. However, the short half-life of rhα-GLA in human body limits its application. Moreover, lack of an appropriate in vitro disease model restricted the high-throughput screening of drugs for improving ERT efficacy. Therefore, it is worth establishing a large-expanded in vitro FD model for screening potential candidates, which can enhance and prolong ERT potency. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout of GLA in HEK-293T cells, we generated GLA-null cells to investigate rhα-GLA cellular pharmacokinetics. The half-life of administrated rhα-GLA was around 24 h in GLA-null cells; co-administration of proteasome inhibitor MG132 and rhα-GLA significantly restored the GLA enzyme activity by two-fold compared with rhα-GLA alone. Furthermore, co-treatment of rhα-GLA/MG132 in patient-derived fibroblasts increased Gb3 clearance by 30%, compared with rhα-GLA treatment alone. Collectively, the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GLA-knockout HEK-293T cells provide an in vitro FD model for evaluating the intracellular pharmacokinetics of the rhα-GLA as well as for screening candidates to prolong rhα-GLA potency. Using this model, we demonstrated that MG132 prolongs rhα-GLA half-life and enhanced Gb3 clearance, shedding light on the direction of enhancing ERT efficacy in FD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yung Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Huai-Chih Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Lien Tseng
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology & Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Jyh Jong
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hsuan Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11574, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chung Yu
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology & Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
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24
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Firsov KV, Kotov AS. [The neurological manifestations of Fabry disease. A review]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2016; 116:98-105. [PMID: 27735906 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20161169198-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fabry disease (Anderson-Fabry disease) is an X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficient activity of lysosomal hydrolase, alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A), which leads to progressive accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in various cells, predominantly endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, with clinical manifestations affecting major organs including the central nervous system. Manifestations of Fabry disease include progressive renal and cardiac insufficiency, neuropathic pain, stroke and cerebral disease, skin and gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical onset usually occurs in childhood, but many severe patients are diagnosed in adulthood. Females may be severely affected as males and both may die prematurely due to stroke, heart disease and renal failure. Early recognition of symptoms, enzyme activity levels, concentration of Gb3 levels in the blood, urine and skin biopsies, as well as genetic testing (GLA gene) enable establishment of early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention with enzyme replacement therapy. Enzyme replacement therapy can stabilize or reduce the progression of the disease. Early therapy may prevent complications of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Firsov
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Kotov
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
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25
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Horowitz M, Elstein D, Zimran A, Goker-Alpan O. New Directions in Gaucher Disease. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:1121-1136. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Horowitz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Ramat Aviv Israel
| | - Deborah Elstein
- Gaucher Clinic; Shaare Zedek Medical Center; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Clinic; Shaare Zedek Medical Center; Jerusalem Israel
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26
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Kubo H, Shimono R, Tanaka A, Fujii T, Yasuda S, Koyano K, Jinnai W, Kondo S, Kondo T, Kusaka T. Surgery for gastroesophageal reflux disease with Gaucher disease type 2. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:610-2. [PMID: 26842663 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease, the most common lysosomal storage disease, is sometimes complicated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The present patient was a 136-day-old Japanese boy with Gaucher disease type 2. Enzyme replacement therapy and chemical chaperone therapy were successful for the skin disorders, joint contractures, hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenia, but he also had GERD. Accordingly, a Nissen fundoplication with gastrostomy was performed. There was no vulnerability of organs, easy bleeding or difficulty of maintaining the visual field because of hepatosplenomegaly during operation. In the perioperative period, there was no prolonged wound healing or infection. GERD was improved. In the near future, the number of long-term survivors of Gaucher disease will increase due to improvements in medical therapy. Therefore, it is expected that the number of patients requiring fundoplication will also increase. In patients with successful medical therapy, surgical fundoplication can be safely and effectively performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kubo
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Shimono
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Aya Tanaka
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujii
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Saneyuki Yasuda
- Maternal Perinatal Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Koyano
- Maternal Perinatal Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Jinnai
- Maternal Perinatal Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Sonoko Kondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Kondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kusaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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Aflaki E, Moaven N, Borger DK, Lopez G, Westbroek W, Chae JJ, Marugan J, Patnaik S, Maniwang E, Gonzalez AN, Sidransky E. Lysosomal storage and impaired autophagy lead to inflammasome activation in Gaucher macrophages. Aging Cell 2016; 15:77-88. [PMID: 26486234 PMCID: PMC4717273 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease, the inherited deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, is characterized by the presence of glucosylcer‐amide macrophages, the accumulation of glucosylceramide in lysosomes and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. However, the connection between this lysosomal storage and inflammation is not clear. Studying macrophages derived from peripheral monocytes from patients with type 1 Gaucher disease with genotype N370S/N370S, we confirmed an increased secretion of interleukins IL‐1β and IL‐6. In addition, we found that activation of the inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that activates caspase‐1, led to the maturation of IL‐1β in Gaucher macrophages. We show that inflammasome activation in these cells is the result of impaired autophagy. Treatment with the small‐molecule glucocerebrosidase chaperone NCGC758 reversed these defects, inducing autophagy and reducing IL‐1β secretion, confirming the role of the deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase in these processes. We found that in Gaucher macrophages elevated levels of the autophagic adaptor p62 prevented the delivery of inflammasomes to autophagosomes. This increase in p62 led to activation of p65‐NF‐kB in the nucleus, promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the secretion of IL‐1β. This newly elucidated mechanism ties lysosomal dysfunction to inflammasome activation, and may contribute to the massive organomegaly, bone involvement and increased susceptibility to certain malignancies seen in Gaucher disease. Moreover, this link between lysosomal storage, impaired autophagy, and inflammation may have implications relevant to both Parkinson disease and the aging process. Defects in these basic cellular processes may also provide new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma Aflaki
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Nima Moaven
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Daniel K. Borger
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Grisel Lopez
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Wendy Westbroek
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Jae Jin Chae
- Inflammatory Disease Section National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Juan Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Science National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Samarjit Patnaik
- National Center for Advancing Translational Science National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Emerson Maniwang
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Ashley N. Gonzalez
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Section of Molecular Neurogenetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA
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Cui L, Zhu Y, Guan X, Deng Z, Bai L, Feng Y. De Novo Biosynthesis of β-Valienamine in Engineered Streptomyces hygroscopicus 5008. ACS Synth Biol 2016; 5:15-20. [PMID: 26436873 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.5b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The C7N aminocyclitol β-valienamine is a lead compound for the development of new biologically active β-glycosidase inhibitors as chemical chaperone therapeutic agents for lysosomal storage diseases. Its chemical synthesis is challenging due to the presence of multichiral centers in the structure. Herein, we took advantage of a heterogeneous aminotransferase with stereospecificity and designed a novel pathway for producing β-valienamine in Streptomyces hygroscopicus 5008, a validamycin producer. The aminotransferase BtrR from Bacillus circulans was able to convert valienone to β-valienamine with an optical purity of up to >99.9% enantiomeric excess value in vitro. When the aminotransferase gene was introduced into a mutant of S. hygroscopicus 5008 accumulating valienone, 20 mg/L of β-valienamine was produced after 96 h cultivation in shaking flasks. This work provides a powerful alternative for preparing the chiral intermediates for pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Linquan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Abstract
Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by the inappropriate accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in tissues due to a deficiency in the enzyme α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). Anderson-Fabry cardiomyopathy is characterized by structural, valvular, vascular and conduction abnormalities, and is now the most common cause of mortality in patients with AFD. Large-scale metabolic and genetic screening studies have revealed AFD to be prevalent in populations of diverse ethnic origins, and the variant form of AFD represents an unrecognized health burden. Anderson-Fabry disease is an X-linked disorder, and genetic testing is critical for the diagnosis of AFD in women. Echocardiography with strain imaging and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging using late enhancement and T1 mapping are important imaging tools. The current therapy for AFD is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), which can reverse or prevent AFD progression, while gene therapy and the use of molecular chaperones represent promising novel therapies for AFD. Anderson-Fabry cardiomyopathy is an important and potentially reversible cause of heart failure that involves LVH, increased susceptibility to arrhythmias and valvular regurgitation. Genetic testing and cardiac MRI are important diagnostic tools, and AFD cardiomyopathy is treatable if ERT is introduced early.
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Personalized Pharmacoperones for Lysosomal Storage Disorder: Approach for Next-Generation Treatment. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 102:225-65. [PMID: 26827607 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a collection of inborn errors of metabolic disorders affected by mutations in lysosome functional genes, commonly acid hydrolases. From the past decades, many approaches like enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy are followed to treat these conditions. However, all these approaches have their own limitations. Proof-of-concept studies on pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT) is now transformed into clinical practice to treat LSDs. Furthermore, it is narrowed with individuals to chaperone sensitive, specific mutations. Hence, personalizing the PCT will be a new direction to combat LSDs. In this review, we have discussed the available clinical strategies and pointed the light on how pharmacological chaperones can be personalized and hopeful to be a next-generation approach to address LSDs.
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Forny P, Froese DS, Suormala T, Yue WW, Baumgartner MR. Functional characterization and categorization of missense mutations that cause methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) deficiency. Hum Mutat 2015; 35:1449-58. [PMID: 25125334 PMCID: PMC4441004 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) is an essential enzyme in propionate catabolism that requires adenosylcobalamin as a cofactor. Almost 250 inherited mutations in the MUT gene are known to cause the devastating disorder methylmalonic aciduria; however, the mechanism of dysfunction of these mutations, more than half of which are missense changes, has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we examined 23 patient missense mutations covering a spectrum of exonic/structural regions, clinical phenotypes, and ethnic populations in order to determine their influence on protein stability, using two recombinant expression systems and a thermostability assay, and enzymatic function by measuring MUT activity and affinity for its cofactor and substrate. Our data stratify MUT missense mutations into categories of biochemical defects, including (1) reduced protein level due to misfolding, (2) increased thermolability, (3) impaired enzyme activity, and (4) reduced cofactor response in substrate turnover. We further demonstrate the stabilization of wild-type and thermolabile mutants by chemical chaperones in vitro and in bacterial cells. This in-depth mutation study illustrates the tools available for MUT enzyme characterization, guides future categorization of further missense mutations, and supports the development of alternative, chaperone-based therapy for patients not responding to current treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Forny
- Division for Metabolic Disorders and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Schreiber SL, Kotz JD, Li M, Aubé J, Austin CP, Reed JC, Rosen H, White EL, Sklar LA, Lindsley CW, Alexander BR, Bittker JA, Clemons PA, de Souza A, Foley MA, Palmer M, Shamji AF, Wawer MJ, McManus O, Wu M, Zou B, Yu H, Golden JE, Schoenen FJ, Simeonov A, Jadhav A, Jackson MR, Pinkerton AB, Chung TDY, Griffin PR, Cravatt BF, Hodder PS, Roush WR, Roberts E, Chung DH, Jonsson CB, Noah JW, Severson WE, Ananthan S, Edwards B, Oprea TI, Conn PJ, Hopkins CR, Wood MR, Stauffer SR, Emmitte KA. Advancing Biological Understanding and Therapeutics Discovery with Small-Molecule Probes. Cell 2015; 161:1252-65. [PMID: 26046436 PMCID: PMC4564295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule probes can illuminate biological processes and aid in the assessment of emerging therapeutic targets by perturbing biological systems in a manner distinct from other experimental approaches. Despite the tremendous promise of chemical tools for investigating biology and disease, small-molecule probes were unavailable for most targets and pathways as recently as a decade ago. In 2005, the NIH launched the decade-long Molecular Libraries Program with the intent of innovating in and broadening access to small-molecule science. This Perspective describes how novel small-molecule probes identified through the program are enabling the exploration of biological pathways and therapeutic hypotheses not otherwise testable. These experiences illustrate how small-molecule probes can help bridge the chasm between biological research and the development of medicines but also highlight the need to innovate the science of therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart L Schreiber
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Joanne D Kotz
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Min Li
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- University of Kansas Specialized Chemistry Center, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Christopher P Austin
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John C Reed
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Hugh Rosen
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - E Lucile White
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Larry A Sklar
- University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Benjamin R Alexander
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joshua A Bittker
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Paul A Clemons
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Andrea de Souza
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael A Foley
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michelle Palmer
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alykhan F Shamji
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mathias J Wawer
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Owen McManus
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Meng Wu
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Beiyan Zou
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Haibo Yu
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jennifer E Golden
- University of Kansas Specialized Chemistry Center, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Frank J Schoenen
- University of Kansas Specialized Chemistry Center, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael R Jackson
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Anthony B Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Thomas D Y Chung
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Peter S Hodder
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - William R Roush
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Edward Roberts
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Dong-Hoon Chung
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - James W Noah
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - William E Severson
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Subramaniam Ananthan
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Bruce Edwards
- University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Tudor I Oprea
- University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Michael R Wood
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shaun R Stauffer
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyle A Emmitte
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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Fernández-Tejada A, Cañada FJ, Jiménez-Barbero J. Glycans in Medicinal Chemistry: An Underexploited Resource. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1291-5. [PMID: 25974358 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The biological relevance of glycans as mediators of key physiological processes, including disease-related mechanisms, makes them attractive targets for a wide range of medical applications. Despite their important biological roles, especially as molecular recognition elements, carbohydrates have not been fully exploited as therapeutics mainly due to the scarcity of structure-activity correlations and their non-drug-like properties. A more detailed understanding of the complex carbohydrate structures and their associated functions should contribute to the development of new glycan-based pharmaceuticals. Recent significant progress in oligosaccharide synthesis and chemical glycobiology has renewed the interest of the medicinal chemistry community in carbohydrates. This promises to increase our possibilities to harness them in drug discovery efforts for the development of new and more effective, synthetic glycan-based therapeutics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain).
| | - F Javier Cañada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE: Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio (Spain). .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María López de Haro 13, 48009 Bilbao (Spain).
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Abstract
Striking therapeutic advances for lysosomal diseases have harnessed the biology of this organelle and illustrate its central rôle in the dynamic economy of the cell. Further Innovation will require improved protein-targetting or realization of therapeutic gene- and cell transfer stratagems. Rescuing function before irreversible injury, mandates a deep knowledge of clinical behaviour as well as molecular pathology – and frequently requires an understanding of neuropathology. Whether addressing primary causes, or rebalancing the effects of disordered cell function, true therapeutic innovation depends on continuing scientific exploration of the lysosome. Genuine partnerships between biotech and the patients affected by this extraordinary family of disorders continue to drive productive pharmaceutical discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Cox
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK.
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Meghdari M, Gao N, Abdullahi A, Stokes E, Calhoun DH. Carboxyl-terminal truncations alter the activity of the human α-galactosidase A. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118341. [PMID: 25719393 PMCID: PMC4342250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease is an X-linked inborn error of glycolipid metabolism caused by deficiency of the human lysosomal enzyme, α-galactosidase A (αGal), leading to strokes, myocardial infarctions, and terminal renal failure, often leading to death in the fourth or fifth decade of life. The enzyme is responsible for the hydrolysis of terminal α-galactoside linkages in various glycolipids. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been approved for the treatment of Fabry disease, but adverse reactions, including immune reactions, make it desirable to generate improved methods for ERT. One approach to circumvent these adverse reactions is the development of derivatives of the enzyme with more activity per mg. It was previously reported that carboxyl-terminal deletions of 2 to 10 amino acids led to increased activity of about 2 to 6-fold. However, this data was qualitative or semi-quantitative and relied on comparison of the amounts of mRNA present in Northern blots with αGal enzyme activity using a transient expression system in COS-1 cells. Here we follow up on this report by constructing and purifying mutant enzymes with deletions of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 C-terminal amino acids (Δ2, Δ4, Δ6, Δ8, Δ10) for unambiguous quantitative enzyme assays. The results reported here show that the kcat/Km approximately doubles with deletions of 2, 4, 6 and 10 amino acids (0.8 to 1.7-fold effect) while a deletion of 8 amino acids decreases the kcat/Km (7.2-fold effect). These results indicate that the mutated enzymes with increased activity constructed here would be expected to have a greater therapeutic effect on a per mg basis, and could therefore reduce the likelihood of adverse infusion related reactions in Fabry patients receiving ERT treatment. These results also illustrate the principle that in vitro mutagenesis can be used to generate αGal derivatives with improved enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Meghdari
- Chemistry Dept., City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Gao
- Chemistry Dept., City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abass Abdullahi
- Biology & Medical Lab Technology, Bronx Community College, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Erin Stokes
- Chemistry Dept., City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - David H. Calhoun
- Chemistry Dept., City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
- * E-mail:
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Armstrong-Javors A, Chu CJ. Child neurology: Exaggerated dermal melanocytosis in a hypotonic infant: a harbinger of GM1 gangliosidosis. Neurology 2015; 83:e166-8. [PMID: 25332452 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Armstrong-Javors
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
| | - Catherine J Chu
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
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Weiss K, Gonzalez A, Lopez G, Pedoeim L, Groden C, Sidransky E. The clinical management of Type 2 Gaucher disease. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 114:110-122. [PMID: 25435509 PMCID: PMC4312716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease, the inherited deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, is the most common of the lysosomal storage disorders. Type 2 Gaucher disease, the most severe and progressive form, manifests either prenatally or in the first months of life, followed by death within the first years of life. The rarity of the many lysosomal storage disorders makes their diagnosis a challenge, especially in the newborn period when the focus is often on more prevalent illnesses. Thus, a heightened awareness of the presentation of these rare diseases is necessary to ensure their timely consideration. This review, designed to serve as a guide to physicians treating newborns and infants with Gaucher disease, discusses the presenting manifestations of Type 2 Gaucher disease, the diagnostic work-up, associated genotypes and suggestions for management. We also address the ethical concerns that may arise with this progressive and lethal disorder, since currently available treatments may prolong life, but do not impact the neurological manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Weiss
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ashley Gonzalez
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Grisel Lopez
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leah Pedoeim
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catherine Groden
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Paramagnetic signals in the globus pallidus as late radiographic sign of juvenile-onset GM1 gangliosidosis. Pediatr Neurol 2015; 52:226-9. [PMID: 25443580 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The juvenile form of GM1 gangliosidosis lacks specific physical findings and thus is often a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. T2 hypodensity in the globus pallidus is a characteristic radiographic sign of neurodegeneration with iron accumulation in the brain that is observed in GM1 gangliosidosis, but the exact timing when this radiographic sign becomes apparent remains to be elucidated. PATIENTS Two male siblings had normal development until 2 years of age and then developed psychomotor regression with dystonia. Their neuroimaging studies indicated progressive global cerebral atrophy. Exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous missense mutations in GLB1, leading to a diagnosis of GM1 gangliosidosis. RESULTS A retrospective review of neuroimaging studies revealed that the two patients had strikingly similar clinical courses and radiographic progressions with cortical atrophy that preceded the T2 hypointensity in the globus pallidus. CONCLUSIONS Paramagnetic signals in the globus pallidus become apparent relatively late during the disease course, once cerebral atrophy has already become prominent. A comprehensive diagnostic approach involving clinical, radiographic, and genetic testing is necessary for the early identification of affected individuals.
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Aflaki E, Stubblefield BK, Maniwang E, Lopez G, Moaven N, Goldin E, Marugan J, Patnaik S, Dutra A, Southall N, Zheng W, Tayebi N, Sidransky E. Macrophage models of Gaucher disease for evaluating disease pathogenesis and candidate drugs. Sci Transl Med 2015; 6:240ra73. [PMID: 24920659 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is caused by an inherited deficiency of glucocerebrosidase that manifests with storage of glycolipids in lysosomes, particularly in macrophages. Available cell lines modeling Gaucher disease do not demonstrate lysosomal storage of glycolipids; therefore, we set out to develop two macrophage models of Gaucher disease that exhibit appropriate substrate accumulation. We used these cellular models both to investigate altered macrophage biology in Gaucher disease and to evaluate candidate drugs for its treatment. We generated and characterized monocyte-derived macrophages from 20 patients carrying different Gaucher disease mutations. In addition, we created induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived macrophages from five fibroblast lines taken from patients with type 1 or type 2 Gaucher disease. Macrophages derived from patient monocytes or iPSCs showed reduced glucocerebrosidase activity and increased storage of glucocerebroside and glucosylsphingosine in lysosomes. These macrophages showed efficient phagocytosis of bacteria but reduced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and impaired chemotaxis. The disease phenotype was reversed with a noninhibitory small-molecule chaperone drug that enhanced glucocerebrosidase activity in the macrophages, reduced glycolipid storage, and normalized chemotaxis and production of reactive oxygen species. Macrophages differentiated from patient monocytes or patient-derived iPSCs provide cellular models that can be used to investigate disease pathogenesis and facilitate drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma Aflaki
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Barbara K Stubblefield
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emerson Maniwang
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Grisel Lopez
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nima Moaven
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ehud Goldin
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Samarjit Patnaik
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Amalia Dutra
- Cytogenetics and Microscopy Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Noel Southall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Nahid Tayebi
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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40
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Three-layer poly(methyl methacrylate) microsystem for analysis of lysosomal enzymes for diagnostic purposes. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 853:702-709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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Sánchez-Fernández EM, Álvarez E, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM. Synthesis of Multibranched Australine Derivatives from Reducing Castanospermine Analogues through the Amadori Rearrangement of gem-Diamine Intermediates: Selective Inhibitors of β-Glucosidase. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11722-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5025283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena M. Sánchez-Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González 1, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC − Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González 1, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M. García Fernández
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC − Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
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42
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Stratégies thérapeutiques actuelles dans les maladies lysosomales. Presse Med 2014; 43:1174-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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43
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Selective chaperone effect of aminocyclitol derivatives on G202R and other mutant glucocerebrosidases causing Gaucher disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 54:245-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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44
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Yu Y, Mena-Barragán T, Higaki K, Johnson JL, Drury JE, Lieberman RL, Nakasone N, Ninomiya H, Tsukimura T, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y, Nanba E, Mellet CO, García Fernández JM, Ohno K. Molecular basis of 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin arylthiourea binding to human α-galactosidase a: pharmacological chaperoning efficacy on Fabry disease mutants. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:1460-9. [PMID: 24783948 DOI: 10.1021/cb500143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GLA gene often leading to missense α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) variants that undergo premature endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation due to folding defects. We have synthesized and characterized a new family of neutral amphiphilic pharmacological chaperones, namely 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin-arylthioureas (DGJ-ArTs), capable of stabilizing α-Gal A and restoring trafficking. Binding to the enzyme is reinforced by a strong hydrogen bond involving the aryl-N'H thiourea proton and the catalytic aspartic acid acid D231 of α-Gal A, as confirmed by a 2.55 Å resolution cocrystal structure. Selected candidates enhanced α-Gal A activity and ameliorate globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) accumulation and autophagy impairments in FD cell cultures. Moreover, they acted synergistically with the proteostasis regulator 4-phenylbutyric acid, appearing to be promising leads as pharmacological chaperones for FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Division
of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
- Division
of Child Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Teresa Mena-Barragán
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Division
of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Jennifer L. Johnson
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0400, Georgia United States
| | - Jason E. Drury
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0400, Georgia United States
| | - Raquel L. Lieberman
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0400, Georgia United States
| | - Naoe Nakasone
- Department
of Biomedical Regulation, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Haruaki Ninomiya
- Department
of Biomedical Regulation, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsukimura
- Department
of Functional Bioanalysis, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakuraba
- Department
of Clinical Genetics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-0057, Japan
| | - Eiji Nanba
- Division
of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | | | - Kousaku Ohno
- Division
of Child Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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45
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Ariga T. Pathogenic role of ganglioside metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92:1227-42. [PMID: 24903509 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ganglioside metabolism is altered in several neurodegenerative diseases, and this may participate in several events related to the pathogenesis of these diseases. Most changes occur in specific areas of the brain and their distinct membrane microdomains or lipid rafts. Antiganglioside antibodies may be involved in dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier and disease progression in these diseases. In lipid rafts, interactions of glycosphingolipids, including ganglioside, with proteins may be responsible for the misfolding events that cause the fibril and/or aggregate processing of disease-specific proteins, such as α-synuclein, in Parkinson's disease, huntingtin protein in Huntington's disease, and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Targeting ganglioside metabolism may represent an underexploited opportunity to design novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegeneration in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Ariga
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
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Suzuki H, Ohto U, Higaki K, Mena-Barragán T, Aguilar-Moncayo M, Ortiz Mellet C, Nanba E, Garcia Fernandez JM, Suzuki Y, Shimizu T. Structural basis of pharmacological chaperoning for human β-galactosidase. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14560-8. [PMID: 24737316 PMCID: PMC4031513 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.529529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B disease are autosomal recessive diseases caused by the defect in the lysosomal β-galactosidase (β-Gal), frequently related to misfolding and subsequent endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. Pharmacological chaperone (PC) therapy is a newly developed molecular therapeutic approach by using small molecule ligands of the mutant enzyme that are able to promote the correct folding and prevent endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and promote trafficking to the lysosome. In this report, we describe the enzymological properties of purified recombinant human β-Gal(WT) and two representative mutations in GM1 gangliosidosis Japanese patients, β-Gal(R201C) and β-Gal(I51T). We have also evaluated the PC effect of two competitive inhibitors of β-Gal. Moreover, we provide a detailed atomic view of the recognition mechanism of these compounds in comparison with two structurally related analogues. All compounds bind to the active site of β-Gal with the sugar-mimicking moiety making hydrogen bonds to active site residues. Moreover, the binding affinity, the enzyme selectivity, and the PC potential are strongly affected by the mono- or bicyclic structure of the core as well as the orientation, nature, and length of the exocyclic substituent. These results provide understanding on the mechanism of action of β-Gal selective chaperoning by newly developed PC compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Suzuki
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Umeharu Ohto
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- the Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Teresa Mena-Barragán
- the Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Profesor García González 1, E-41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Matilde Aguilar-Moncayo
- the Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Profesor García González 1, E-41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- the Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Profesor García González 1, E-41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Eiji Nanba
- the Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Jose M Garcia Fernandez
- the Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ), CSIC, University of Sevilla, Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- the International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Kita Kanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan, and
| | - Toshiyuki Shimizu
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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47
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Abstract
In addition to their roles in normal cell physiology, endocytic processes play a key role in many diseases. In this review, three diseases are discussed as examples of the role of endocytic processes in disease. The uptake of cholesterol via LDL is central to our understanding of atherosclerosis, and the study of this disease led to many of the key breakthroughs in understanding receptor-mediated endocytosis. Alzheimer's disease is a growing burden as the population ages. Endosomes and lysosomes play important but only partially understood roles in both the formation and the degradation of the amyloid fibrils that are associated with Alzheimer's disease. Inherited lysosomal storage diseases are individually rare, but collectively they affect many individuals. Recent advances are leading to improved enzyme replacement therapy and are also leading to small-molecule drugs to treat some of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick R Maxfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
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48
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Siriwardena A, Sonawane DP, Bande OP, Markad PR, Yonekawa S, Tropak MB, Ghosh S, Chopade BA, Mahuran DJ, Dhavale DD. Synthesis of 1,5-Dideoxy-1,5-iminoribitol C-Glycosides through a Nitrone–Olefin Cycloaddition Domino Strategy: Identification of Pharmacological Chaperones of Mutant Human Lysosomal β-Galactosidase. J Org Chem 2014; 79:4398-404. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500328u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Siriwardena
- Laboratoire
de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, FRE 3517 CNRS, Amiens 80039, France
| | | | - Omprakash P. Bande
- Laboratoire
de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, FRE 3517 CNRS, Amiens 80039, France
| | | | - Sayuri Yonekawa
- Programme
in Genetics and Genome Biology, Sickkids, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Michael B. Tropak
- Programme
in Genetics and Genome Biology, Sickkids, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | | | - Don J. Mahuran
- Programme
in Genetics and Genome Biology, Sickkids, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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49
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Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that misfolding of a mutant protein followed by its aggregation or premature degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum is one of the main mechanisms that underlie inherited neurodegenerative diseases, including lysosomal storage diseases. Chemical or pharmacological chaperones are small molecules that bind to and stabilize mutant lysosomal enzyme proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. A number of chaperone compounds for lysosomal hydrolases have been identified in the last decade. They have gained attention because they can be orally administrated, and also because they can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. In this article, we describe two chaperone candidates for the treatment of GM1-gangliosidosis. We also discuss the future direction of this strategy targeting other lysosomal storage diseases as well as protein misfolding diseases in general.
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50
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Abstract
Gaucher disease is the commonest lysosomal storage disease seen in India and worldwide. It should be considered in any child or adult with an unexplained splenohepatomegaly and cytopenia which are seen in the three types of Gaucher disease. Type 1 is the non-neuronopathic form and type 2 and 3 are the neuronopathic forms. Type 2 is a more severe neuronopathic form leading to mortality by 2 years of age. Definitive diagnosis is made by a blood test-the glucocerebrosidase assay. There is no role for histological examination of the bone marrow, liver or spleen for diagnosis of the disease. Molecular studies for mutations are useful for confirming diagnosis, screening family members and prognosticating the disease. A splenectomy should not be performed except for palliation or when there is no response to enzyme replacement treatment or no possibility of getting any definitive treatment. Splenectomy may worsen skeletal and lung manifestations in Gaucher disease. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has completely revolutionized the prognosis and is now the standard of care for patients with this disease. Best results are seen in type 1 disease with good resolution of splenohepatomegaly, cytopenia and bone symptoms. Neurological symptoms in type 3 disease need supportive care. ERT is of no benefit in type 2 disease. Monitoring of patients on ERT involves evaluation of growth, blood counts, liver and spleen size and biomarkers such as chitotriosidase which reflect the disease burden. Therapy with ERT is very expensive and though patients in India have so far got the drug through a charitable access programme, there is a need for the government to facilitate access to treatment for this potentially curable disease. Bone marrow transplantation is an inferior option but may be considered when access to expensive ERT is not possible.
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Key Words
- ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme
- DEXA, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
- EEG, electroencephalography
- ERT, enzyme replacement therapy
- GBA, acid beta-glucosidase/glucocerebrosidase
- GD, Gaucher disease
- GD1, Gaucher disease type 1
- GD2, Gaucher disease type 2
- GD3, Gaucher disease type 3
- ICGC, International Collaborative Gaucher Group
- INCAP, India Charitable Access Programme
- IQ, intelligence quotient
- LSD, lysosomal storage disorders
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- SF-36, short form 36
- TRAP, tartarate resistant acid phosphatase
- USG, ultrasonography
- enzyme replacement therapy
- glucocerebrosidase
- lysosomal storage disorder
- splenomegaly
- thrombocytopenia
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