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Song Y, Zhang J, Wang H, Wang H, Liu Y, Hu Z. Histone lysine demethylase 3B regulates autophagy via transcriptional regulation of GABARAPL1 in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:87. [PMID: 37326062 PMCID: PMC10552699 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is a highly conserved self‑digestion process that is critical for maintaining homeostasis in response to various stresses. The autophagy‑related protein family, including the GABA type A receptor‑associated protein (GABARAP) and microtubule‑associated protein 1 light chain 3 subfamilies, is crucial for autophagosome biogenesis. Although the regulatory machinery of autophagy in the cytoplasm has been widely studied, its transcriptional and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms still require more targeted investigations. The present study identified histone lysine demethylase 3B (KDM3B) as a crucial component of autophagy on a panel of leukemia cell lines, including K562, THP1 and U937, resulting in transcriptional activation of the autophagy‑related gene GABA type A receptor‑associated protein like 1 (GABARAPL1). KDM3B expression promoted autophagosome formation and affected the autophagic flux in leukemia cells under the induction of external stimuli. Notably, RNA‑sequencing and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR analysis showed that KDM3B knockout inhibited the expression of GABARAPL1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation‑quantitative PCR and luciferase assay showed that KDM3B was associated with the GABARAPL1 gene promoter under stimulation and enhanced its transcription. The present findings demonstrated that KDM3B was critical for regulating the GABARAPL1 gene and influencing the process of autophagy in leukemia cells. These results provide a new insight for exploring the association between autophagy and KDM3B epigenetic regulation in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
- Granduate School, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
- Granduate School, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
| | - Zhenbo Hu
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
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Does GEC1 Enhance Expression and Forward Trafficking of the Kappa Opioid Receptor (KOR) via Its Ability to Interact with NSF Directly? Handb Exp Pharmacol 2022; 271:83-96. [PMID: 33404775 PMCID: PMC9126001 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We reported previously that GEC1 (glandular epithelial cell 1), a member of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), interacted directly with the C-tail of KOR (KCT) and tubulin and enhanced cell surface expression of KOR in CHO cells by facilitating its trafficking along the export pathway. Two GEC1 analogs (GABARAP and GATE16) were also shown to increase KOR expression. In addition, to understand the underlying mechanism, we demonstrated that N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF), an essential component for membrane fusion, co-immunoprecipitated with GEC1 from brain extracts. In this study, using pull-down techniques, we have found that (1) GEC1 interacts with NSF directly and prefers the ADP-bound NSF to the ATP-bound NSF; (2) D1 and/or D2 domain(s) of NSF interact with GEC1, but the N domain of NSF does not; (3) NSF does not interact with KCT directly, but forms a protein complex with KCT via GEC1; (4) NSF and/or α-SNAP do not affect KCT-GEC1 interaction. Thus, GEC1 (vs the α-SNAP/SNAREs complex) binds to NSF in distinctive ways in terms of the ADP- or ATP-bound form and domains of NSF involved. In conclusion, GEC1 may, via its direct interactions with KOR, NSF, and tubulin, enhance trafficking and fusion of KOR-containing vesicles selectively along the export pathway, which leads to increase in surface expression of KOR. GABARAP and GATE16 may enhance KOR expression in a similar way.
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3
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang P, Xue Y, Li X, Qiao X, Zhang X, Xu T, Liu G, Li P, Chen C. Autophagy impairment mediated by S-nitrosation of ATG4B leads to neurotoxicity in response to hyperglycemia. Autophagy 2018. [PMID: 28633005 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1320467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of diabetic patients develop neuropathy and there is an increasing prevalence of neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the mechanism behind this is poorly understood. Here we first observed that macroautophagy/autophagy was suppressed in the hippocampus of diabetic GK rats with hyperglycemia, whereas it was unchanged in ob/ob mice without hyperglycemia. Autophagy could be directly inhibited by high glucose in mouse primary hippocampal neurons. Moreover, autophagy was protective in high-glucose-induced neurotoxicity. Further studies revealed that autophagic flux was suppressed by high glucose due to impaired autophagosome synthesis illustrated by mRFP-GFP-LC3 puncta analysis. We showed that decreased autophagy was dependent on NO produced under high glucose conditions. Therefore, (LC-MS/MS)-based quantitative proteomic analysis of protein S-nitrosation was performed and a core autophagy protein, ATG4B was found to be S-nitrosated in the hippocampus of GK rats. ATG4B was also verified to be S-nitrosated in neuronal cells cultured with high glucose. The activities of ATG4B in the processing of unmodified, precursor Atg8-family proteins and in the deconjugation of PE from lipidated Atg8-family proteins, which are essential for efficient autophagosome biogenesis were both compromised by S-nitrosation at Cys189 and Cys292 sites. In addition, ATG4B processing of the GABARAPL1 precursor was affected the least by S-nitrosation compared with other substrates. Finally, ATG4B S-nitrosation was verified to be responsible for decreased autophagy and neurotoxicity in response to high glucose. In conclusion, autophagy impairment mediated by S-nitrosation of ATG4B leads to neurotoxicity in response to hyperglycemia. Our research reveals a novel mechanism linking hyperglycemia with CNS neurotoxicity and shows that S-nitrosation is a novel post-transcriptional modification of the core autophagy machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazi Li
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Lei Wang
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Ping Wang
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yanhong Xue
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Xu Zhang
- c Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Tao Xu
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Peng Li
- d Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Chang Chen
- a National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,e Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Youanmen , Beijing , China
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4
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Characterization of the γ-aminobutyric acid signaling system in the zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton) central nervous system by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Neuroscience 2016; 343:300-321. [PMID: 27453477 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the vertebrate brain, inhibition is largely mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This neurotransmitter comprises a signaling machinery of GABAA, GABAB receptors, transporters, glutamate decarboxylases (gads) and 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (abat), and associated proteins. Chloride is intimately related to GABAA receptor conductance, GABA uptake, and GADs activity. The response of target neurons to GABA stimuli is shaped by chloride-cation co-transporters (CCCs), which strictly control Cl- gradient across plasma membranes. This research profiled the expression of forty genes involved in GABA signaling in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain, grouped brain regions and retinas. Primer pairs were developed for reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The mRNA levels of the zebrafish GABA system share similarities with that of mammals, and confirm previous studies in non-mammalian species. Proposed GABAA receptors are α1β2γ2, α1β2δ, α2bβ3γ2, α2bβ3δ, α4β2γ2, α4β2δ, α6bβ2γ2 and α6bβ2δ. Regional brain differences were documented. Retinal hetero- or homomeric ρ-composed GABAA receptors could exist, accompanying α1βyγ2, α1βyδ, α6aβyγ2, α6aβyδ. Expression patterns of α6a and α6b were opposite, with the former being more abundant in retinas, the latter in brains. Given the stoichiometry α6wβyγz, α6a- or α6b-containing receptors likely have different regulatory mechanisms. Different gene isoforms could originate after the rounds of genome duplication during teleost evolution. This research depicts that one isoform is generally more abundantly expressed than the other. Such observations also apply to GABAB receptors, GABA transporters, GABA-related enzymes, CCCs and GABAA receptor-associated proteins, whose presence further strengthens the proof of a GABA system in zebrafish.
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5
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Karim MR, Kawanago H, Kadowaki M. A quick signal of starvation induced autophagy: Transcription versus post-translational modification of LC3. Anal Biochem 2014; 465:28-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Bejarano E, Rodríguez-Navarro JA. Autophagy and amino acid metabolism in the brain: implications for epilepsy. Amino Acids 2014; 47:2113-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1822-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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The kinesin KIF21B participates in the cell surface delivery of γ2 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. Eur J Cell Biol 2014; 93:338-46. [PMID: 25172774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
KIF21B, a kinesin family (KIF) protein, is a plus end-directed microtubule motor. The KIF21B gene is highly expressed in neuronal tissue and spleen and is a susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis. KIF21B motility is regulated through TRIM3, a member of the cytoskeleton-associated-recycling or transport (CART) complex, involved in vesicular receptor recycling. Here we show that the GABAA receptor γ2-subunit co-precipitates and co-localizes with KIF21B in cultured hippocampal neurons. Knockdown of KIF21B gene expression through small hairpin (sh) RNA reduces the number of γ2-subunit-containing GABAA receptor (GABAARs) clusters in neurites and at the cell surface. Our data suggest that KIF21B participates in the delivery of GABAAR transport vesicles into dendrites.
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8
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Boyer-Guittaut M, Poillet L, Liang Q, Bôle-Richard E, Ouyang X, Benavides GA, Chakrama FZ, Fraichard A, Darley-Usmar VM, Despouy G, Jouvenot M, Delage-Mourroux R, Zhang J. The role of GABARAPL1/GEC1 in autophagic flux and mitochondrial quality control in MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cells. Autophagy 2014; 10:986-1003. [PMID: 24879149 PMCID: PMC4091181 DOI: 10.4161/auto.28390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
GABARAPL1/GEC1 is an early estrogen-induced gene which encodes a protein highly conserved from C. elegans to humans. Overexpressed GABARAPL1 interacts with GABAA or kappa opioid receptors, associates with autophagic vesicles, and inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation. However, the function of endogenous GABARAPL1 has not been extensively studied. We hypothesized that GABARAPL1 is required for maintaining normal autophagic flux, and plays an important role in regulating cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we knocked down GABARAPL1 expression in the breast cancer MDA-MB-436 cell line by shRNA. Decreased expression of GABARAPL1 activated procancer responses of the MDA-MB-436 cells including increased proliferation, colony formation, and invasion. In addition, cells with decreased expression of GABARAPL1 exhibited attenuated autophagic flux and a decreased number of lysosomes. Moreover, decreased GABARAPL1 expression led to cellular bioenergetic changes including increased basal oxygen consumption rate, increased intracellular ATP, increased total glutathione, and an accumulation of damaged mitochondria. Taken together, our results demonstrate that GABARAPL1 plays an important role in cell proliferation, invasion, and autophagic flux, as well as in mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular metabolic programs.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Aldehydes/pharmacology
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Autophagy/genetics
- Autophagy/physiology
- Beclin-1
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- DNA Damage
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism
- Energy Metabolism
- Female
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- Lysosomes/pathology
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Mitophagy/genetics
- Mitophagy/physiology
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Sequestosome-1 Protein
- Tumor Stem Cell Assay
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Boyer-Guittaut
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
- Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Laura Poillet
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
| | - Qiuli Liang
- Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Elodie Bôle-Richard
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
| | - Xiaosen Ouyang
- Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs; Birmingham VA Medical Center; Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Fatima-Zahra Chakrama
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
| | - Annick Fraichard
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Gilles Despouy
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
| | - Michèle Jouvenot
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
| | - Régis Delage-Mourroux
- Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922 Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central; Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs; Birmingham VA Medical Center; Birmingham, AL USA
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9
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Le Grand JN, Bon K, Fraichard A, Zhang J, Jouvenot M, Risold PY, Boyer-Guittaut M, Delage-Mourroux R. Specific distribution of the autophagic protein GABARAPL1/GEC1 in the developing and adult mouse brain and identification of neuronal populations expressing GABARAPL1/GEC1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63133. [PMID: 23690988 PMCID: PMC3655077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy is a highly conserved cellular degradation process, regulated by autophagy-related (atg) factors, in which a double membrane autophagosome engulfs cytoplasmic components to target them for degradation. In yeast, the Atg8 protein is indispensable for autophagosome formation. In mammals, this is complicated by the presence of six Atg8 homologues grouped into the GABARAP and MAP1LC3 subfamilies. Although these proteins share a high similarity, their transcript expression, regulation and protein interactions differ, suggesting they may display individual properties and specific functions. GABARAPL1/GEC1 is a member of the GABARAP subfamily and its mRNA is the most highly expressed Atg8 homologue in the central nervous system. Consequently, we performed an in depth study of GABARAPL1 distribution in the developing and adult murine brain. Our results show that GABARAPL1 brain expression is visible as early as embryonic day 11 and progressively increases to a maximum level in the adult. Immunohistochemical staining was detected in both fibers and immature neurons in embryos but was restrained to neurons in adult tissue. By E17, intense punctate-like structures were visible and these accumulated in cortical primary neurons treated with the autophagosome/lysosome fusion inhibitor Bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1), suggesting that they represent autophagosomes. Finally, GABARAPL1 expression was particularly intense in motoneurons in the embryo and in neurons involved in somatomotor and neuroendocrine functions in the adult, particularly in the substantia nigra pars compacta, a region affected in Parkinson's disease. Our study of cerebral GABARAPL1 protein expression provides insight into its role in the development and homeostasis of the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Nicole Le Grand
- Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire de Biochimie, EA3922 Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, SFR IBCT FED 4234, U.F.R. Sciences et Techniques, Besançon, Doubs, France
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10
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Nakajima K, Yin X, Takei Y, Seog DH, Homma N, Hirokawa N. Molecular Motor KIF5A Is Essential for GABAA Receptor Transport, and KIF5A Deletion Causes Epilepsy. Neuron 2012; 76:945-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Bai R, You W, Chen J, Huang H, Ke C. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of GABA(A) receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) from small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 33:675-682. [PMID: 22771962 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
GABA(A) receptor-associated protein (GABARAP), a multifunctional protein participating in autophagy process, is evolutionarily conserved and involves in innate immunity in eukaryotic cells, but currently there is no research on the relationship between GABARAP and innate immunity in mollusc. In the present study, the GABARAP full-length cDNA and its genomic DNA were firstly cloned from small abalone (Haliotis diversicolor), which was named as saGABARAP. Its full-length cDNA is 963 bp with a 354 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 117 aa, a 276 bp 5'-UTR, and a 333 bp 3'-UTR including a poly(A) tail, two typical polyadenylation signals (AATAA) and two RNA instability motifs (ATTTA). The deduced protein has an estimated molecular weight of 13.9 kDa and a predicted PI of 8.73. Its genomic DNA comprises 4352 bp, containing three exons and two introns. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that saGABARAP was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues, with the highest expression level in hepatopancreas, and was upregulated in hepatopancreas and hemocytes after bacterial challenge. In addition, saGABARAP was ubiquitously expressed at all examined embryonic and larval development stages. These results suggested that saGABARAP could respond to bacteria challenge and may play a vital role in the adult innate immune system against pathogens and the development process of abalone embryo and larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyao Bai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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12
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Seguin-Py S, Lucchi G, Croizier S, Chakrama FZ, Despouy G, Le Grand JN, Ducoroy P, Boireau W, Boyer-Guittaut M, Jouvenot M, Fraichard A, Delage-Mourroux R. Identification of HSP90 as a new GABARAPL1 (GEC1)-interacting protein. Biochimie 2011; 94:748-58. [PMID: 22120110 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
GABARAPL1 belongs to the small family of GABARAP proteins (including GABARAP, GABARAPL1 and GABARAPL2/GATE-16), one of the two subfamilies of the yeast Atg8 orthologue. GABARAPL1 is involved in the intracellular transport of receptors, via an interaction with tubulin and GABA(A) or kappa opioid receptors, and also participates in autophagy and cell proliferation. In the present study, we identify the HSP90 protein as a novel interaction partner for GABARAPL1 using GST pull-down, mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation experiments. GABARAPL1 and HSP90 partially colocalize in MCF-7 breast cancer cells overexpressed Dsred-GABARAPL1 and in rat brain. Moreover, treatment of MCF-7 cells overexpressed FLAG-GABARAPL1-6HIS with the HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG promotes the GABARAPL1 degradation, a process that is blocked by proteasome inhibitors such as MG132, bortezomib and lactacystin. Accordingly, we demonstrate that HSP90 interacts and protects GABARAPL1 from its degradation by the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Seguin-Py
- Université de Franche-Comté, EA3922 Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, IFR133, U.F.R. Sciences et Techniques, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
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13
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Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL. GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses. Neuron 2011; 70:385-409. [PMID: 21555068 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Proper developmental, neural cell-type-specific, and activity-dependent regulation of GABAergic transmission is essential for virtually all aspects of CNS function. The number of GABA(A) receptors in the postsynaptic membrane directly controls the efficacy of GABAergic synaptic transmission. Thus, regulated trafficking of GABA(A) receptors is essential for understanding brain function in both health and disease. Here we summarize recent progress in the understanding of mechanisms that allow dynamic adaptation of cell surface expression and postsynaptic accumulation and function of GABA(A) receptors. This includes activity-dependent and cell-type-specific changes in subunit gene expression, assembly of subunits into receptors, as well as exocytosis, endocytic recycling, diffusion dynamics, and degradation of GABA(A) receptors. In particular, we focus on the roles of receptor-interacting proteins, scaffold proteins, synaptic adhesion proteins, and enzymes that regulate the trafficking and function of receptors and associated proteins. In addition, we review neuropeptide signaling pathways that affect neural excitability through changes in GABA(A)R trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Luscher
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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14
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Mansuy V, Geller S, Rey JP, Campagne C, Boccard J, Poulain P, Prevot V, Pralong FP. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of proliferating and differentiated GnRH-expressing GnV-3 cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 332:97-105. [PMID: 20937356 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
GnRH neurons provide the primary driving force upon the neuroendocrine reproductive axis. Here we used GnV-3 cells, a model of conditionally immortalized GnRH-expressing neurons, to perform an analysis of cell cycle and compare the gene expression profile of proliferating cells with differentiated cells. In the proliferation medium, 45 ± 1.5% of GnV-3 cells are in S-phase by FACS analysis. In the differentiation medium, only 9 ± 0.9% of them are in S-phase, and they acquire the characteristic bipolar shape displayed by preoptic GnRH neurons in vivo. In addition, GnV-3 cells in the differentiated state exhibit electrophysiological properties characteristic of neurons. Transcriptomic analysis identified up-regulation of 1931 genes and down-regulation of 1270 genes in cells grown in the differentiation medium compared to cells in the proliferation medium. Subsequent gene ontology study indicated that genes over-expressed in proliferating GnV-3 cells were mainly involved in cell cycle regulations, whereas genes over-expressed in differentiated cells were mainly involved in processes of differentiation, neurogenesis and neuronal morphogenesis. Taken together, these data demonstrate the occurrence of morphological and physiological changes in GnV-3 cells between the proliferating and the differentiated state. Moreover, the genes differentially regulated between these two different states are providing novel pathways potentially important for a better understanding of the physiology of mature GnRH neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Mansuy
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Jaeger PA, Wyss-Coray T. All-you-can-eat: autophagy in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. Mol Neurodegener 2009; 4:16. [PMID: 19348680 PMCID: PMC2679749 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-4-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the major pathway involved in the degradation of proteins and organelles, cellular remodeling, and survival during nutrient starvation. Autophagosomal dysfunction has been implicated in an increasing number of diseases from cancer to bacterial and viral infections and more recently in neurodegeneration. While a decrease in autophagic activity appears to interfere with protein degradation and possibly organelle turnover, increased autophagy has been shown to facilitate the clearance of aggregation-prone proteins and promote neuronal survival in a number of disease models. On the other hand, too much autophagic activity can be detrimental as well and lead to cell death, suggesting the regulation of autophagy has an important role in cell fate decisions. An increasing number of model systems are now available to study the role of autophagy in the central nervous system and how it might be exploited to treat disease. We will review here the current knowledge of autophagy in the central nervous system and provide an overview of the various models that have been used to study acute and chronic neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp A Jaeger
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, California, USA.
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16
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Chen Y, Chen C, Kotsikorou E, Lynch DL, Reggio PH, Liu-Chen LY. GEC1-kappa opioid receptor binding involves hydrophobic interactions: GEC1 has chaperone-like effect. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:1673-85. [PMID: 19001416 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m808303200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that the protein GEC1 (glandular epithelial cell 1) bound to the human kappa opioid receptor (hKOPR) and promoted cell surface expression of the receptor by facilitating its trafficking along the secretory pathway. Here we showed that three hKOPR residues (Phe345, Pro346, and Met350) and seven GEC1 residues (Tyr49, Val51, Leu55, Thr56, Val57, Phe60, and Ile64) are indispensable for the interaction. Modeling studies revealed that the interaction was mediated via direct contacts between the kinked hydrophobic fragment in hKOPR C-tail and the curved hydrophobic surface in GEC1 around the S2 beta-strand. Intramolecular Leu44-Tyr109 interaction in GEC1 was important, likely by maintaining its structural integrity. Microtubule binding mediated by the GEC1 N-terminal domain was essential for the GEC1 effect. Expression of GEC1 also increased cell surface levels of the GluR1 subunit and the prostaglandin EP3.f receptor, which have FPXXM and FPXM sequences, respectively. With its widespread distribution in the nervous system and its predominantly hydrophobic interactions, GEC1 may have chaperone-like effects for many cell surface proteins along the biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
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17
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Tolle F, Risold PY, Mansuy-Schlick V, Rossi E, Boyer-Guittaut M, Fraichard A, Jouvenot M. Specific regional distribution of gec1 mRNAs in adult rat central nervous system. Brain Res 2008; 1210:103-15. [PMID: 18423580 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Revised: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
GEC1 protein shares high identity with GABARAP (GABA(A) Receptor-Associated Protein), interacts with tubulin and GABA(A) receptors and is potentially involved in intracellular transport processes. Recently, using quantitative real time PCR, we have reported the gec1 mRNA expression in different rat brain areas. In the present study, we investigated the cell types expressing gec1 in rat brain. Sense and anti-sense gec1 RNA probes, corresponding to the 3'-untranslated region, were generated. In northern blotting experiments, the anti-sense probe revealed only the 1.75 kb gec1 mRNAs. On the other hand, in immunohistochemistry experiments, GEC1 polyclonal antibodies did not discriminate between GEC1 and GABARAP proteins. Therefore, we used digoxigenin-labeled RNA probes for in situ hybridization (ISH) experiments to map the gec1 expression. Using the anti-sense probe, we detected the gec1 mRNAs specifically in neurons throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the brain as well as in the spinal cord. Although a majority of neurons expressed the gec1 mRNAs, different intensities of labeling were observed depending on the areas: the strongest labeling was observed in the isocortex, hippocampus, basal telencephalon, some thalamic and most of hypothalamic nuclei, cerebellum, and numerous brainstem nuclei. Furthermore, the gec1 mRNAs were intensely expressed in neurons involved in somatomotor and neuroendocrine functions and weakly expressed in sensory and reticular structures. These results corroborate the putative role of the GEC1 protein in the trafficking of receptor GABA(A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Tolle
- Université de Franche-Comté, IFR 133, U.F.R. Sciences et Techniques, Equipe Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
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18
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Kawaguchi SY, Hirano T. Sustained structural change of GABA(A) receptor-associated protein underlies long-term potentiation at inhibitory synapses on a cerebellar Purkinje neuron. J Neurosci 2007; 27:6788-99. [PMID: 17581966 PMCID: PMC6672699 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1981-07.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast inhibitory synaptic transmission is predominantly mediated by GABA(A) receptor (GABA(A)R) in the CNS. Although several types of neuronal activity-dependent plasticity at GABAergic synapses have been reported, the detailed mechanism is elusive. Here we show that binding of structurally altered GABA(A)R-associated protein (GABARAP) to GABA(A)R gamma2 subunit and to tubulin is critical for long-term potentiation [called rebound potentiation (RP)] at inhibitory synapses on a cerebellar Purkinje neuron (PN). Either inhibition of GABARAP association with GABA(A)Rgamma2 or deletion of tubulin binding region of GABARAP impaired RP. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization also suppressed RP. Thus, precise regulation of GABA(A)Rgamma2-GABARAP-microtubule interaction is critical for RP. Furthermore, competitive inhibition of GABARAP binding to GABA(A)Rgamma2 after the RP establishment attenuated the potentiated response, suggesting that GABARAP is critical not only for the induction but also for the maintenance of RP. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis revealed that GABARAP underwent sustained structural alteration after brief depolarization of a PN depending on the activity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), which is required for the RP induction. The susceptibility of GABARAP to undergo structural alteration was abolished by an amino acid replacement in GABARAP. Furthermore, RP was impaired by expression of the mutant GABARAP with the replacement. Together, we conclude that GABA(A)R association with structurally altered GABARAP downstream of CaMKII activation is essential for RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ya Kawaguchi
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, and
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tomoo Hirano
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, and
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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