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Wu A, Zhang J. Neuroinflammation, memory, and depression: new approaches to hippocampal neurogenesis. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:283. [PMID: 38012702 PMCID: PMC10683283 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of most common and severe mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly increases the risks of premature death and other medical conditions for patients. Neuroinflammation is the abnormal immune response in the brain, and its correlation with MDD is receiving increasing attention. Neuroinflammation has been reported to be involved in MDD through distinct neurobiological mechanisms, among which the dysregulation of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus (HPC) is receiving increasing attention. The DG of the hippocampus is one of two niches for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain, and neurotrophic factors are fundamental regulators of this neurogenesis process. The reported cell types involved in mediating neuroinflammation include microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, meningeal leukocytes, and peripheral immune cells which selectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier and infiltrate into inflammatory regions. This review summarizes the functions of the hippocampus affected by neuroinflammation during MDD progression and the corresponding influences on the memory of MDD patients and model animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbiao Wu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jiyan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
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2
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Cardiomyocyte-specific loss of plasma membrane calcium ATPase 1 impacts cardiac rhythm and is associated with ventricular repolarisation dysfunction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 172:41-51. [PMID: 35926724 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane calcium ATPase 1 (PMCA1, Atp2b1) is emerging as a key contributor to cardiac physiology, involved in calcium handling and myocardial signalling. In addition, genome wide association studies have associated PMCA1 in several areas of cardiovascular disease including hypertension and myocardial infarction. Here, we investigated the role of PMCA1 in basal cardiac function and heart rhythm stability. Cardiac structure, heart rhythm and arrhythmia susceptibility were assessed in a cardiomyocyte-specific PMCA1 deletion (PMCA1CKO) mouse model. PMCA1CKO mice developed abnormal heart rhythms related to ventricular repolarisation dysfunction and displayed an increased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. We further assessed the levels of cardiac ion channels using qPCR and found a downregulation of the voltage-dependent potassium channels, Kv4.2, with a corresponding reduction in the transient outward potassium current which underlies ventricular repolarisation in the murine heart. The changes in heart rhythm were found to occur in the absence of any structural cardiomyopathy. To further assess the molecular changes occurring in PMCA1CKO hearts, we performed proteomic analysis. Functional characterisation of differentially expressed proteins suggested changes in pathways related to metabolism, protein-binding, and pathways associated cardiac function including β-adrenergic signalling. Together, these data suggest an important role for PMCA1 in basal cardiac function in relation to heart rhythm control, with reduced cardiac PMCA1 expression resulting in an increased risk of arrhythmia development.
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3
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Sun L, Wang X, Wang X, Cui X, Li G, Wang L, Wang L, Song M, Yu L. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of autism spectrum disorder. Psychiatr Genet 2022; 32:131-145. [PMID: 35353793 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify differentially methylated genes and related signaling pathways in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS First, the DNA methylation profile in the brain samples (GSE131706 and GSE80017) and peripheral blood samples (GSE109905) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) dataset, followed by identification of differentially methylated genes and functional analysis. Second, the GSE109905 data set was used to further validate the methylation state and test the ability to diagnose disease of identified differentially methylated genes. Third, expression measurement of selected differentially methylated genes was performed in whole blood from an independent sample. Finally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of core differentially methylated genes was constructed. RESULTS Totally, 74 differentially methylated genes were identified in ASD, including 38 hypermethylated genes and 36 hypomethylated genes. 15 differentially methylated genes were further identified after validation in the GSE109905 data set. Among these, major histocompatibility complex (HLA)-DQA1 was involved in the molecular function of myosin heavy chain class II receptor activity; HLA-DRB5 was involved in the signaling pathways of cell adhesion molecules, Epstein-Barr virus infection and antigen processing and presentation. In the PPI analysis, the interaction pairs of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DRB5, FMN2 and ACTR3, and CALCOCO2 and BAZ2B were identified. Interestingly, FMN2, BAZ2B, HLA-DRB5, CALCOCO2 and DUSP22 had a potential diagnostic value for patients with ASD. The expression result of four differentially methylated genes (HLA-DRB5, NTM, IL16 and COL5A3) in the independent sample was consistent with the integrated analysis. CONCLUSIONS Identified differentially methylated genes and enriched signaling pathway could be associated with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sun
- Mental Health Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
- Medical Department
| | - Xueyi Wang
- Mental Health Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Xia Wang
- Child Health Department (Psychological Behavior Department)
| | | | | | - Le Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Mental Health Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Mei Song
- Mental Health Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Lulu Yu
- Mental Health Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
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4
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Hridi SU, Franssen AJPM, Jiang HR, Bushell TJ. Interleukin-16 inhibits sodium channel function and GluA1 phosphorylation via CD4- and CD9-independent mechanisms to reduce hippocampal neuronal excitability and synaptic activity. Mol Cell Neurosci 2019; 95:71-78. [PMID: 30738184 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 16 (IL-16) is a cytokine that is primarily associated with CD4+ T cell function, but also exists as a multi-domain PDZ protein expressed within cerebellar and hippocampal neurons. We have previously shown that lymphocyte-derived IL-16 is neuroprotective against excitotoxicity, but evidence of how it affects neuronal function is limited. Here, we have investigated whether IL-16 modulates neuronal excitability and synaptic activity in mouse primary hippocampal cultures. Application of recombinant IL-16 impairs both glutamate-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ and sEPSC frequency and amplitude in a CD4- and CD9-independent manner. We examined the mechanisms underlying these effects, with rIL-16 reducing GluA1 S831 phosphorylation and inhibiting Na+ channel function. Taken together, these data suggest that IL-16 reduces neuronal excitability and synaptic activity via multiple mechanisms and adds further evidence that alternative receptors may exist for IL-16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehla U Hridi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Aimée J P M Franssen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Hui-Rong Jiang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Trevor J Bushell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
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5
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Soula A, Valere M, López-González MJ, Ury-Thiery V, Groppi A, Landry M, Nikolski M, Favereaux A. Small RNA-Seq reveals novel miRNAs shaping the transcriptomic identity of rat brain structures. Life Sci Alliance 2018; 1:e201800018. [PMID: 30456375 PMCID: PMC6238413 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small RNA-Seq of the rat central nervous system reveals known and novel miRNAs specifically regulated in brain structures and correlated with the expression of their predicted target genes, suggesting a critical role in the transcriptomic identity of brain structures. In the central nervous system (CNS), miRNAs are involved in key functions, such as neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, they are essential to define specific transcriptomes in tissues and cells. However, few studies were performed to determine the miRNome of the different structures of the rat CNS, although a major model in neuroscience. Here, we determined by small RNA-Seq, the miRNome of the olfactory bulb, the hippocampus, the cortex, the striatum, and the spinal cord and showed the expression of 365 known miRNAs and 90 novel miRNAs. Differential expression analysis showed that several miRNAs were specifically enriched/depleted in these CNS structures. Transcriptome analysis by mRNA-Seq and correlation based on miRNA target predictions suggest that the specifically enriched/depleted miRNAs have a strong impact on the transcriptomic identity of the CNS structures. Altogether, these results suggest the critical role played by these enriched/depleted miRNAs, in particular the novel miRNAs, in the functional identities of CNS structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Soula
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mélissa Valere
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - María-José López-González
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vicky Ury-Thiery
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexis Groppi
- Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marc Landry
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Macha Nikolski
- Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS/Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Alexandre Favereaux
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
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6
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Gu WB, Zhou YL, Tu DD, Zhou ZK, Zhu QH, Chen YY, Shu MA. Identification and characterization of pro-interleukin-16 from mud crab Scylla paramamosain: The first evidence of proinflammatory cytokine in crab species. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:701-709. [PMID: 28951219 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
IL-16 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine originally designated as a lymphocyte chemoattractant factor. In mammal and avian, it has been characterized as an essential regulator of various cellular processes including cell recruitment and activation against pathogen invasion. So far, neither of the full-length of IL-16 homologue nor the response mechanism against pathogen was reported in crab species. In the present study, the pro-IL-16 homologue was firstly cloned and characterized from mud crab Scylla paramamosain. The full-length Sp-pro-IL-16 consisted of 4107 bp with an opening reading frame encoding 1369 amino acids. Multiple alignment analysis showed the putative amino acid sequence of Sp-pro-IL-16 had about 73.86% identity with Litopenaeus vannamei pro-IL-16. Additionally, two conserved PDZ domains and protein binding sites were found in Sp-pro-IL-16 and showed high similarities about 94.19% and 51.14% with their Litopenaeus vannamei and Mus musculus counterparts. RT-PCR analysis indicated that Sp-pro-IL-16 transcripts were constitutively expressed in all tissues examined with an extreme high level in hepatopancreas. Moreover, Sp-pro-IL-16 transcripts in hepatopancreas were significantly up-regulated 15-fold at 72 h after Vibrio alginolyticus challenge and 3.5-fold at 12 h after virus-analog Poly (I:C) challenge. The Western blot analysis revealed that Sp-pro-IL-16 can be cleaved to its bioactive form, an approximately 35 kDa mature IL-16, and the protein levels of both pro-IL-16 and mature IL-16 increased after Vibrio alginolyticus challenge. It is the first experimental identification of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-16 in arthropods. This study could shed new light on further understanding of the response mechanism of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-16 in Scylla paramamosain against pathogens. Meanwhile, it brought new insight into the origin and evolution of IL-16 in crab species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lian Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Kai Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Hui Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yin Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Liang Q, Zheng J, Zuo H, Li C, Niu S, Yang L, Yan M, Weng SP, He J, Xu X. Identification and characterization of an interleukin-16-like gene from pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 74:49-59. [PMID: 28428061 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukins are a group of cytokines that play essential roles in immune regulation. Almost all interleukin genes are only found in vertebrates. In this study, an interleukin-16-like gene (LvIL-16L) was identified from Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. LvIL-16L was predicted to encode a precursor (pro-LvIL-16L) with 1378 amino acids, sharing similarities with predicted pro-IL-16-like proteins from insects. The C-terminus of pro-LvIL-16L protein contained two PDZ domains homologous to the mature IL-16 cytokine of vertebrates. In tissues, LvIL-16L could be processed into a ∼36 kDa mature peptide through a caspase-3 cleavage site, which was verified by in vitro site mutation analysis and in vivo RNA interference (RNAi) experiments. The LvIL-16L mRNA could be detected in all the analyzed tissues and the expression of LvIL-16L was significantly up-regulated after immune stimulation. Using RNAi strategy, the role of LvIL-16L in immune responses was initially investigated. Interestingly, knockdown of LvIL-16L could significantly increase the mortality of the Vibro parahaemolyticus infected shrimps but reduce that of the WSSV infected shrimps, suggesting that LvIL-16L could have opposite effects on the antiviral and antibacterial immune responses in shrimp. To our knowledge, this is the first study of an IL-16-like gene in invertebrates, which could help to elucidate interleukin evolution and regulatory mechanisms of shrimp immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiefu Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongliang Zuo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chaozheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shengwen Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Linwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Muting Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianguo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, PR China.
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8
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Levin SG, Godukhin OV. Modulating Effect of Cytokines on Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity in the Brain. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 82:264-274. [PMID: 28320267 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791703004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
After accumulation of data showing that resident brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, and microglia) produce mediators of the immune system, such as cytokines and their receptors under normal physiological conditions, a critical need emerged for investigating the role of these mediators in cognitive processes. The major problem for understanding the functional role of cytokines in the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity, de novo neurogenesis, and learning and memory is the small number of investigated cytokines. Existing concepts are based on data from just three proinflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The amount of information in the literature on the functional role of antiinflammatory cytokines in the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions of mature mammalian brain is dismally low. However, they are of principle importance for understanding the mechanisms of local information processing in the brain, since they modulate the activity of individual cells and local neural networks, being able to reconstruct the processes of synaptic plasticity and intercellular communication, in general, depending on the local ratio of the levels of different cytokines in certain areas of the brain. Understanding the functional role of cytokines in cellular mechanisms of information processing and storage in the brain would allow developing preventive and therapeutic means for the treatment of neuropathologies related to impairment of these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Levin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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9
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Skundric DS, Cruikshank WW, Montgomery PC, Lisak RP, Tse HY. Emerging role of IL-16 in cytokine-mediated regulation of multiple sclerosis. Cytokine 2015; 75:234-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Kanngiesser M, Häussler A, Myrczek T, Küsener N, Lim HY, Geisslinger G, Niederberger E, Tegeder I. Inhibitor kappa B kinase beta dependent cytokine upregulation in nociceptive neurons contributes to nociceptive hypersensitivity after sciatic nerve injury. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2012; 13:485-97. [PMID: 22564672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Inhibitor kappa B kinase (IKK)-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation is a major pathway for transcriptional control of various pro-inflammatory factors. We here assessed whether activation of this pathway specifically in primary nociceptive neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contributes to the development of nociceptive hypersensitivity. Mice carrying a cre-loxP-mediated deletion of inhibitor kappa B kinase beta (IKKβ) in DRG neurons were protected from nerve injury-evoked allodynia and hyperalgesia. This effect was mimicked by systemic treatment with an IKKβ inhibitor but was not observed upon specific inhibition of IKKβ in the spinal cord, suggesting a specific role of IKKβ in the peripheral neurons. The deletion of IKKβ in DRG neurons did not affect constitutive neuronal NF-κB activity, but reduced nerve injury-evoked NF-κB stimulation in the DRG and was associated with reduced upregulation of interleukin-16, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/chemokine (CC motif) ligand 2 (MCP-1/CCL2), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in the DRG. These cytokines evoked a rapid rise of intracellular calcium in subsets of primary DRG neurons. The results suggest that IKKβ-mediated NF-κB stimulation in injured primary sensory neurons promotes cytokine and chemokine production and contributes thereby to the development of chronic pain. PERSPECTIVE Inhibitors of IKK that do not pass the blood-brain barrier and act only in the periphery might be useful for reduction of the pro-inflammatory response in peripheral DRG neurons and reduce thereby nerve injury-evoked pain without affecting neuroprotective effects of NF-κB in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Kanngiesser
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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11
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The role of CD4-dependent signaling in interleukin-16 induced c-Fos expression and facilitation of neurite outgrowth in cerebellar granule neurons. Neurosci Lett 2010; 485:212-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Tsang SW, Shao D, Cheah KSE, Okuse K, Leung PS, Yao KM. Increased basal insulin secretion in Pdzd2-deficient mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 315:263-70. [PMID: 19932150 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the multi-PDZ protein Pdzd2 (PDZ domain-containing protein 2) is enriched in pancreatic islet beta cells, but not in exocrine or alpha cells, suggesting a role for Pdzd2 in the regulation of pancreatic beta-cell function. To explore the in vivo function of Pdzd2, Pdzd2-deficient mice were generated. Homozygous Pdzd2 mutant mice were viable and their gross morphology appeared normal. Interestingly, Pdzd2-deficient mice showed enhanced glucose tolerance in intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and their plasma insulin levels indicated increased basal insulin secretion after fasting. Moreover, insulin release from mutant pancreatic islets was found to be twofold higher than from normal islets. To verify the functional defect in vitro, Pdzd2 was depleted in INS-1E cells using two siRNA duplexes. Pdzd2-depleted INS-1E cells also displayed increased insulin secretion at low concentrations of glucose. Our results provide the first evidence that Pdzd2 is required for normal regulation of basal insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Tsang
- Department of Biochemistry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Leung KK, Suen PM, Lau TK, Ko WH, Yao KM, Leung PS. PDZ-domain containing-2 (PDZD2) drives the maturity of human fetal pancreatic progenitor-derived islet-like cell clusters with functional responsiveness against membrane depolarization. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 18:979-90. [PMID: 19046020 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2008.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported the isolation and characterization of a population of pancreatic progenitor cells (PPCs) from early trimester human fetal pancreata. The PPCs, being the forerunners of adult pancreatic cell lineages, were amenable to growth and differentiation into insulin-secreting islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) upon stimulation by adequate morphogens. Of note, a novel morphogenic factor, PDZ-domain containing-2 (PDZD2) and its secreted form (sPDZD2) were ubiquitously expressed in the PPCs. Our goals for this study were to evaluate the potential role of sPDZD2 in stimulating PPC differentiation and to establish the optimal concentration for such stimulation. We found that 10(-9)M sPDZD2 promoted PPC differentiation, as evidenced by the upregulation of the pancreatic endocrine markers (PDX-1, NGN3, NEURO-D, ISL-1, NKX 2.2, NKX 6.1) and INSULIN mRNA. Inhibited endogenous production of sPDZD2 suppressed expression of these factors. Secreted PDZD2 treatment significantly elevated the C-peptide content of the ICCs and increased the basal rate of insulin secretion. However, they remained unresponsive to glucose stimulation, reflected by a minimal increase in GLUT-2 and GLUCOKINASE mRNA expression. Interestingly, sPDZD2 treatment induced increased expression of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (Ca(v)1.2) in the ICCs, triggering calcium ion influx under KCl stimulation and conferring an ability to secrete insulin in response to KCl. Pancreatic progenitor cells from 10- and 13-week fetal pancreata showed peak expression of endogenous sPDZD2, implying that sPDZD2 has a specific role in islet development during the first trimester. In conclusion, our data suggest that sPDZD2 promotes functional maturation of human fetal PPC-derived ICCs, thus enhancing its transplanting potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Keung Leung
- Department of Physiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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