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Lv JM, Zhang LM, Wang JX, Shao JJ, Guo XG, Wang LY, Kang LQ, Zheng WC, Xin Y, Song RX, Guo W, Zhang DX. Abdominal surgery plus sevoflurane exposure induces abnormal emotional changes and cognitive dysfunction in aged rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 442:114328. [PMID: 36740076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment, which includes perioperative psychological distress and cognitive dysfunction, can be determined by preoperative and post-operative neuropsychological tests. Several mechanisms have been proposed regarding the two-way communication between the immune system and the brain after surgery. We aimed to understand the mechanisms underlying perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) in elderly rats using an experimental abdominal surgery model. METHODS 24-month-old SD rats were exposed to the abdominal surgery model (AEL) under 3% anesthesia. On day 15 and day 30 post-surgery, fractional anisotropy (FA) using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) was measured. From day 25 to day 30 post-surgery, behavioral tests, including open field test (OFT), Morris water maze (MWM), novel object recognition (NOR), force swimming test (FST), and elevated plus maze (EPM), were performed. Then, the rats were euthanized to perform pathological analysis and western blot measurement. RESULTS The rats exposed to AEL surgical treatment demonstrated significantly decreased time crossing the platform in the MWM, decreased recognition index in the NOR, reduced time in the open arm in the EPM, increased immobility time in the FST, and increased number of crossings in the OFT. Aged rats, after AEL exposure, further demonstrated decreased FA in the mPFC, nucleus accumbens (NAc), and hippocampus, together with reduced MAP2 intensity, attenuation of GAD65, VGlut2, CHAT, and phosphorylated P38MAPK expression, and increased reactive astrocytes and microglia. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the aged rats exposed to abdominal surgery demonstrated both emotional changes and cognitive dysfunction, which may be associated with neuronal degeneration and reduced phosphorylated P38MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Meng Lv
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Jie-Xia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xin-Gui Guo
- Department of Medical Iconography, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Lu-Ying Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Li-Qing Kang
- Department of Medical Iconography, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Wei-Chao Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Yue Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Rong-Xin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Dong-Xue Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China.
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2
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Savage LM, Nunes PT, Gursky ZH, Milbocker KA, Klintsova AY. Midline Thalamic Damage Associated with Alcohol-Use Disorders: Disruption of Distinct Thalamocortical Pathways and Function. Neuropsychol Rev 2021; 31:447-471. [PMID: 32789537 PMCID: PMC7878584 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The thalamus, a significant part of the diencephalon, is a symmetrical and bilateral central brain structure. The thalamus is subdivided into three major groups of nuclei based on their function: sensorimotor nuclei (or principal/relay nuclei), limbic nuclei and nuclei bridging these two domains. Anatomically, nuclei within the thalamus are described by their location, such as anterior, medial, lateral, ventral, and posterior. In this review, we summarize the role of medial and midline thalamus in cognition, ranging from learning and memory to flexible adaptation. We focus on the discoveries in animal models of alcohol-related brain damage, which identify the loss of neurons in the medial and midline thalamus as drivers of cognitive dysfunction associated with alcohol use disorders. Models of developmental ethanol exposure and models of adult alcohol-related brain damage and are compared and contrasted, and it was revealed that there are similar (anterior thalamus) and different (intralaminar [adult exposure] versus ventral midline [developmental exposure]) thalamic pathology, as well as disruptions of thalamo-hippocampal and thalamo-cortical circuits. The final part of the review summarizes approaches to recover alcohol-related brain damage and cognitive and behavioral outcomes. These approaches include pharmacological, nutritional and behavioral interventions that demonstrated the potential to mitigate alcohol-related damage. In summary, the medial/midline thalamus is a significant contributor to cognition function, which is also sensitive to alcohol-related brain damage across the life span, and plays a role in alcohol-related cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Savage
- Developmental Ethanol Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA.
| | - Polliana T Nunes
- Developmental Ethanol Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Zachary H Gursky
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Katrina A Milbocker
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Anna Y Klintsova
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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3
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Bordia T, Zahr NM. The Inferior Colliculus in Alcoholism and Beyond. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:606345. [PMID: 33362482 PMCID: PMC7759542 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.606345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-mortem neuropathological and in vivo neuroimaging methods have demonstrated the vulnerability of the inferior colliculus to the sequelae of thiamine deficiency as occurs in Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS). A rich literature in animal models ranging from mice to monkeys-including our neuroimaging studies in rats-has shown involvement of the inferior colliculi in the neural response to thiamine depletion, frequently accomplished with pyrithiamine, an inhibitor of thiamine metabolism. In uncomplicated alcoholism (i.e., absent diagnosable neurological concomitants), the literature citing involvement of the inferior colliculus is scarce, has nearly all been accomplished in preclinical models, and is predominately discussed in the context of ethanol withdrawal. Our recent work using novel, voxel-based analysis of structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has demonstrated significant, persistent shrinkage of the inferior colliculus using acute and chronic ethanol exposure paradigms in two strains of rats. We speculate that these consistent findings should be considered from the perspective of the inferior colliculi having a relatively high CNS metabolic rate. As such, they are especially vulnerable to hypoxic injury and may be provide a common anatomical link among a variety of disparate insults. An argument will be made that the inferior colliculi have functions, possibly related to auditory gating, necessary for awareness of the external environment. Multimodal imaging including diffusion methods to provide more accurate in vivo visualization and quantification of the inferior colliculi may clarify the roles of brain stem nuclei such as the inferior colliculi in alcoholism and other neuropathologies marked by altered metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Bordia
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Natalie M. Zahr
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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4
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Tamim-Yecheskel BC, Fraiberg M, Kokabi K, Freud S, Shatz O, Marvaldi L, Subic N, Brenner O, Tsoory M, Eilam-Altstadter R, Biton I, Savidor A, Dezorella N, Heimer G, Behrends C, Ben-Zeev B, Elazar Z. A tecpr2 knockout mouse exhibits age-dependent neuroaxonal dystrophy associated with autophagosome accumulation. Autophagy 2020; 17:3082-3095. [PMID: 33218264 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1852724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the coding sequence of human TECPR2 were recently linked to spastic paraplegia type 49 (SPG49), a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder involving intellectual disability, autonomic-sensory neuropathy, chronic respiratory disease and decreased pain sensitivity. Here, we report the generation of a novel CRISPR-Cas9 tecpr2 knockout (tecpr2-/-) mouse that exhibits behavioral pathologies observed in SPG49 patients. tecpr2-/- mice develop neurodegenerative patterns in an age-dependent manner, manifested predominantly as neuroaxonal dystrophy in the gracile (GrN) and cuneate nuclei (CuN) of the medulla oblongata in the brainstem and dorsal white matter column of the spinal cord. Age-dependent correlation with accumulation of autophagosomes suggests compromised targeting to lysosome. Taken together, our findings establish the tecpr2 knockout mouse as a potential model for SPG49 and ascribe a new role to TECPR2 in macroautophagy/autophagy-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milana Fraiberg
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kamilya Kokabi
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Saskia Freud
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oren Shatz
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Letizia Marvaldi
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nemanja Subic
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ori Brenner
- Veterinary Recourses, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Tsoory
- Veterinary Recourses, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Inbal Biton
- Veterinary Recourses, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Savidor
- Chemical Research Support, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nili Dezorella
- Irving and Cherna Moskowitz Center for Nano and Bio-Nano Imaging, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gali Heimer
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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5
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Fritz M, Klawonn AM, Zahr NM. Neuroimaging in alcohol use disorder: From mouse to man. J Neurosci Res 2019; 100:1140-1158. [PMID: 31006907 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of recent advances in understanding the effects of alcohol use disorders (AUD) on the brain from the perspective of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research in preclinical models and clinical studies. As a noninvasive investigational tool permitting assessment of morphological, metabolic, and hemodynamic changes over time, MRI offers insight into the dynamic course of alcoholism beginning with initial exposure through periods of binge drinking and escalation, sobriety, and relapse and has been useful in differential diagnosis of neurological diseases associated with AUD. Structural MRI has revealed acute and chronic effects of alcohol on both white and gray matter volumes. MR Spectroscopy, able to quantify brain metabolites in vivo, has shed light on biochemical alterations associated with alcoholism. Diffusion tensor imaging permits microstructural characterization of white matter fiber tracts. Functional MRI has allowed for elucidation of hemodynamic responses at rest and during task engagement. Positron emission tomography, a non-MRI imaging tool, has led to a deeper understanding of alcohol-induced receptor and neurotransmitter changes during various stages of drinking and abstinence. Together, such in vivo imaging tools have expanded our understanding of the dynamic course of alcoholism including evidence for regional specificity of the effects of AUD, hints at mechanisms underlying the shift from casual to compulsive use of alcohol, and profound recovery with sustained abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Anna M Klawonn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
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6
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Nunes PT, da Silva Oliveira P, Ferraz V, Ribeiro AM. Validation of a HPLC Method for Quantification of Thiamine and Its Phosphate Esters in Rat Brain Tissue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2017.72009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Inaba H, Kishimoto T, Oishi S, Nagata K, Hasegawa S, Watanabe T, Kida S. Vitamin B1-deficient mice show impairment of hippocampus-dependent memory formation and loss of hippocampal neurons and dendritic spines: potential microendophenotypes of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:2425-2436. [PMID: 27576603 PMCID: PMC5213968 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1224639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with severe Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) associated with vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency (TD) show enduring impairment of memory formation. The mechanisms of memory impairment induced by TD remain unknown. Here, we show that hippocampal degeneration is a potential microendophenotype (an endophenotype of brain disease at the cellular and synaptic levels) of WKS in pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) mice, a rodent model of WKS. PTD mice show deficits in the hippocampus-dependent memory formation, although they show normal hippocampus-independent memory. Similarly with WKS, impairments in memory formation did not recover even at 6 months after treatment with PTD. Importantly, PTD mice exhibit a decrease in neurons in the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus and reduced density of wide dendritic spines in the DG. Our findings suggest that TD induces hippocampal degeneration, including the loss of neurons and spines, thereby leading to enduring impairment of hippocampus-dependent memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Inaba
- a Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Department of Bioscience , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takuya Kishimoto
- a Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Department of Bioscience , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Satoru Oishi
- a Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Department of Bioscience , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kan Nagata
- a Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Department of Bioscience , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Shunsuke Hasegawa
- a Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Department of Bioscience , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan.,b Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency , Saitama , Japan
| | - Tamae Watanabe
- a Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Department of Bioscience , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Satoshi Kida
- a Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Department of Bioscience , Tokyo University of Agriculture , Tokyo , Japan.,b Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency , Saitama , Japan
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8
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Zahr NM, Sullivan EV, Rohlfing T, Mayer D, Collins AM, Luong R, Pfefferbaum A. Concomitants of alcoholism: differential effects of thiamine deficiency, liver damage, and food deprivation on the rat brain in vivo. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:2675-86. [PMID: 27129864 PMCID: PMC4919142 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4313-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Serious neurological concomitants of alcoholism include Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), Korsakoff's syndrome (KS), and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). OBJECTIVES This study was conducted in animal models to determine neuroradiological signatures associated with liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), thiamine deficiency caused by pyrithiamine treatment, and nonspecific nutritional deficiency caused by food deprivation. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were used to evaluate brains of wild-type Wistar rats at baseline and following treatment. RESULTS Similar to observations in ethanol (EtOH) exposure models, thiamine deficiency caused enlargement of the lateral ventricles. Liver damage was not associated with effects on cerebrospinal fluid volumes, whereas food deprivation caused modest enlargement of the cisterns. In contrast to what has repeatedly been shown in EtOH exposure models, in which levels of choline-containing compounds (Cho) measured by MRS are elevated, Cho levels in treated animals in all three experiments (i.e., liver damage, thiamine deficiency, and food deprivation) were lower than those in baseline or controls. CONCLUSIONS These results add to the growing body of literature suggesting that MRS-detectable Cho is labile and can depend on a number of variables that are not often considered in human experiments. These results also suggest that reductions in Cho observed in humans with alcohol use disorder (AUD) may well be due to mild manifestations of concomitants of AUD such as liver damage or nutritional deficiencies and not necessarily to alcohol consumption per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Torsten Rohlfing
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Amy M Collins
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Richard Luong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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9
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Yadav SK, Gupta RK, Saraswat VA, Rangan M, Thomas MA, Rutella S, Danese S, Wang E, Marincola FM, Haris M. Reduced cortical thickness in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure due to non-alcoholic etiology. J Transl Med 2015; 13:322. [PMID: 26444271 PMCID: PMC4596551 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0679-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a form of liver disease with high short-term mortality. ACLF offers considerable potential to affect the cortical areas by significant tissue injury due to loss of neurons
and other supporting cells. We measured changes in cortical thickness and metabolites profile in ACLF patients following treatment, and compared it with those of age matched healthy volunteers. Methods For the cortical thickness analysis we performed whole brain high resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on 15 ACLF and 10 healthy volunteers at 3T clinical MR scanner. Proton MR Spectroscopy (1H MRS) was also performed to measure level of altered metabolites. Out of 15 ACLF patients 10 survived and underwent follow-up study after clinical recovery at 3 weeks. FreeSurfer program was used to quantify cortical thickness and LC- Model software was used to quantify absolute metabolites concentrations. Neuropsychological (NP) test was performed to assess the cognitive performance in follow-up ACLF patients compared to controls. Results Significantly reduced cortical thicknesses in multiple brain sites, and significantly decreased N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (mI) and significantly increased glutamate/glutamine (glx) metabolites were observed in ACLF compared to those of controls at baseline study. Follow-up patients showed significant recovery in cortical thickness and Glx level, while NAA and mI were partially recovered compared to baseline study. When compared to controls, follow-up patients still showed reduced cortical thickness and altered metabolites level. Follow-up patients had abnormal neuropsychological (NP) scores compared to controls. Conclusions Neuronal loss as suggested by the reduced NAA, decreased cellular density due to increased cerebral hyperammonemia as supported by the increased glx level, and increased proinflammatory cytokines and free radicals may account for the reduced cortical thickness in ACLF patients. Presence of reduced cortical thickness, altered metabolites and abnormal NP test scores in post recovery subjects as compared to those of controls is associated with incomplete clinical recovery. The current imaging protocol can be easily implemented in clinical settings to evaluate and monitor brain tissue changes in patients with ACLF during the course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Yadav
- Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Rakesh K Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
| | - Vivek A Saraswat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
| | - Murali Rangan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
| | - Michael A Thomas
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Sergio Rutella
- Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Ena Wang
- Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | - Mohammad Haris
- Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
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10
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Wang X, Lin F, Gao Y, Lei H. Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion induced brain lesions in rats: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 33:551-8. [PMID: 25708261 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) has been widely used to reproduce the white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) damage associated with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). This study investigated whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) could be used at the early stages of disease to assess brain damage induced by BCCAO. To this end, DTI, together with histological methods, was used to evaluate the progression of WM lesions and GM neurodegeneration following BCCAO. The DTI was sufficiently sensitive to detect WM abnormalities in selected regions of the brain at 4weeks after BCCAO. These abnormalities may indicate damage to the myelin and axons in the optic nerve (ON) and optic tract (OT). Our longitudinal results showed that DTI could be used to detect abnormalities of the WM and GM in select regions of the brain as early as 2days after ligation. The DTI parameter patterns of change were region-specific throughout the detection time course. Lesions of the external capsule (EC) and periventricular hypothalamic nucleus (Pe) have not been thoroughly studied before. We found that the EC and Pe were both vulnerable to BCCAO and that the associated lesions could be detected using DTI. The current study demonstrated that in vivo DTI could potentially be used to measure WM damage evolution in a BCCAO rat model as well as early brain injury following CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Fuchun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yunling Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Hao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
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11
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Zahr NM, Alt C, Mayer D, Rohlfing T, Manning-Bog A, Luong R, Sullivan EV, Pfefferbaum A. Associations between in vivo neuroimaging and postmortem brain cytokine markers in a rodent model of Wernicke's encephalopathy. Exp Neurol 2014; 261:109-19. [PMID: 24973622 PMCID: PMC4194214 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency, associated with a variety of conditions, including chronic alcoholism and bariatric surgery for morbid obesity, can result in the neurological disorder Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). Recent work building upon early observations in animal models of thiamine deficiency has demonstrated an inflammatory component to the neuropathology observed in thiamine deficiency. The present, multilevel study including in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) and postmortem quantification of chemokine and cytokine proteins sought to determine whether a combination of these in vivo neuroimaging tools could be used to characterize an in vivo MR signature for neuroinflammation. Thiamine deficiency for 12days was used to model neuroinflammation; glucose loading in thiamine deficiency was used to accelerate neurodegeneration. Among 38 animals with regional brain tissue assayed postmortem for cytokine/chemokine protein levels, three groups of rats (controls+glucose, n=6; pyrithiamine+saline, n=5; pyrithiamine+glucose, n=13) underwent MRI/MRS at baseline (time 1), after 12days of treatment (time 2), and 3h after challenge (glucose or saline, time 3). In the thalamus of glucose-challenged, thiamine deficient animals, correlations between in vivo measures of pathology (lower levels of N-acetyle aspartate and higher levels of lactate) and postmortem levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1, also known as chemokine ligand 2, CCL2) support a role for this chemokine in thiamine deficiency-related neurodegeneration, but do not provide a unique in vivo signature for neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
| | - Carsten Alt
- Immunology Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Palo Alto Institute for Research and Education, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Torsten Rohlfing
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Amy Manning-Bog
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Richard Luong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards R321, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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12
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Vernau K, Napoli E, Wong S, Ross-Inta C, Cameron J, Bannasch D, Bollen A, Dickinson P, Giulivi C. Thiamine Deficiency-Mediated Brain Mitochondrial Pathology in Alaskan Huskies with Mutation in SLC19A3.1. Brain Pathol 2014; 25:441-53. [PMID: 25117056 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alaskan Husky encephalopathy (AHE(1) ) is a fatal brain disease associated with a mutation in SLC19A3.1 (c.624insTTGC, c.625C>A). This gene encodes for a thiamine transporter 2 with a predominately (CNS) central nervous system distribution. Considering that brain is particularly vulnerable to thiamine deficiency because of its reliance on thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)-dependent metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis, we characterized the impact of this mutation on thiamine status, brain bioenergetics and the contribution of oxidative stress to this phenotype. In silico modeling of the mutated transporter indicated a significant loss of alpha-helices resulting in a more open protein structure suggesting an impaired thiamine transport ability. The cerebral cortex and thalamus of affected dogs were severely deficient in TPP-dependent enzymes accompanied by decreases in mitochondrial mass and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, and increases in oxidative stress. These results along with the behavioral and pathological findings indicate that the phenotype associated with AHE is consistent with a brain-specific thiamine deficiency, leading to brain mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. While some of the biochemical deficits, neurobehavior and affected brain areas in AHE were shared by Wernicke's and Korsakoff's syndromes, several differences were noted likely arising from a tissue-specific vs. that from a whole-body thiamine deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Vernau
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eleonora Napoli
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Wong
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Ross-Inta
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessie Cameron
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Andrew Bollen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cecilia Giulivi
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, Sacramento, CA
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13
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Dror V, Rehavi M, Biton IE, Eliash S. Rasagiline prevents neurodegeneration in thiamine deficient rats-a longitudinal MRI study. Brain Res 2014; 1557:43-54. [PMID: 24525144 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuroprotection is a therapeutic approach for the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Experimental thiamine deficiency (TD) in rats provides a model for selective neurodegeneration accompanied by chronic oxidative deficits. Rats exhibit neurological and cognitive impairments, which can be partially reversed by thiamine administration, enabling the study of mechanisms of neurodegeneration as well as neuroprotection. In this magnetic resonance (MR) study we used various techniques to characterize the neuroprotective effects of rasagiline, a selective MAO-B inhibitor. TD was induced by a thiamine-deficient diet and daily injections of the central thiamine antagonist, pyrithiamine. Daily injections of either saline or rasagiline (3mg/kg) were also administered to untreated-TD rats and rasagiline-treated TD rats respectively. With the appearance of neurological symptoms, all injections were terminated and thiamine was restored. MRI scans were performed before induction of TD (control values), on days 10, 12 (before symptoms appear), 14 (symptomatic stage) and during the recuperation period. Both groups were assessed using in-vivo serial T2-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), from which apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) maps were calculated. A histopathological evaluation was correlated with the MRI analysis. Thalamic hyperintensities were significantly smaller and less severe in the rasagiline-treated TD rats. Enlargement of the lateral ventricles was significantly less pronounced in the rasagiline-treated TD group. FA values of the untreated-TD group decreased significantly in the thalamic on days 12 and 14 and in the corpus callosum on day 14. These results demonstrate significant neuroprotection by rasagiline which could have implications for clinical neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vered Dror
- Tel Aviv University, Department of Physiology & Pharmacolgy, Sackler School of Medicine, Pob 39040, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Rehavi
- Tel Aviv University, Department of Physiology & Pharmacolgy, Sackler School of Medicine, Pob 39040, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbal E Biton
- Department of Chemical Research Support MR Center, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sarah Eliash
- Tel Aviv University, Department of Physiology & Pharmacolgy, Sackler School of Medicine, Pob 39040, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel.
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14
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Zorlu N, Gelal F, Kuserli A, Cenik E, Durmaz E, Saricicek A, Gulseren S. Abnormal white matter integrity and decision-making deficits in alcohol dependence. Psychiatry Res 2013; 214:382-8. [PMID: 24080516 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To date, there is no study that explored the correlation of microstructural changes in the whole brain white matter (WM) and decision-making in alcohol dependent patients (ADP). In the present study, we applied Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to study WM changes in ADP compared with healthy controls. We also tested whether there was any relationship between WM integrity and decision-making in ADP. The study included 17 inpatient ADP who had been abstinent for at least 2 weeks before testing and scanning and 16 healthy control subjects. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was used to measure decision-making. Results for the IGT showed a significant group (ADP vs. control) by block interaction. Follow-up univariate analyses of variance showed that the groups were significantly different in the last 20 trails. Four significant clusters were found in which fractional anisotropy was significantly lower in ADP than in control subjects, including the corpus callosum and parietal, occipital and frontal regions. We found significant correlations between impaired IGT performance in the last 20 trials and WM integrity in these regions. Together, these results might help to explain observed decision making deficits in ADP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabi Zorlu
- Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, İzmir, Turkey.
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15
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Schreurs BG, Smith-Bell CA, Lemieux SK. Dietary cholesterol increases ventricular volume and narrows cerebrovascular diameter in a rabbit model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience 2013; 254:61-9. [PMID: 24045100 PMCID: PMC3830722 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Using structural magnetic resonance imaging in a clinical scanner at 3.0T, we describe results showing that following 12weeks on a diet of 2% cholesterol, rabbits experience a significant increase in the volume of the third ventricle compared to rabbits on a diet of 0% cholesterol. Using time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography, we find cholesterol-fed rabbits also experience a decrease in the diameter of a number of cerebral blood vessels including the basilar, posterior communicating, and internal carotid arteries. Taken together, these data confirm that, despite the inability of dietary cholesterol to cross the blood-brain barrier, it does significantly enlarge ventricular volume and decrease cerebrovascular diameter in the rabbit - effects that are also seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Schreurs
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and the Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.
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16
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Deci S, Lemieux SK, Smith-Bell CA, Sparks DL, Schreurs BG. Cholesterol increases ventricular volume in a rabbit model of Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2012; 29:283-92. [PMID: 22232012 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2011-111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is a significant increase in ventricular volume. To date we and others have shown that a cholesterol-fed rabbit model of Alzheimer's disease displays as many as fourteen different pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease including amyloid-β accumulation, thioflavin-S staining, blood brain barrier breach, microglia activation, cerebrovasculature changes, and alterations in learning and memory. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging at 3T, we now report that cholesterol-fed rabbits also show a significant increase in ventricular volume following 10 weeks on a diet of 2% cholesterol. The increase in volume is attributable in large part to increases in the size of the third ventricle. These changes are accompanied by significant increases in the number of amyloid-β immuno-positive cells in the cortex and hippocampus. Increases in the number of amyloid-β neurons in the cortex also occurred with the addition of 0.24 ppm copper to the drinking water. Together with a list of other pathological markers, the current results add further validity to the value of the cholesterol-fed rabbit as a non-transgenic animal model of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Deci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and the Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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17
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Vetreno RP, Ramos RL, Anzalone S, Savage LM. Brain and behavioral pathology in an animal model of Wernicke's encephalopathy and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome. Brain Res 2012; 1436:178-92. [PMID: 22192411 PMCID: PMC3266665 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Animal models provide the opportunity for in-depth and experimental investigation into the anatomical and physiological underpinnings of human neurological disorders. Rodent models of thiamine deficiency have yielded significant insight into the structural, neurochemical and cognitive deficits associated with thiamine deficiency as well as proven useful toward greater understanding of memory function in the intact brain. In this review, we discuss the anatomical, neurochemical and behavioral changes that occur during the acute and chronic phases of thiamine deficiency and describe how rodent models of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome aid in developing a more detailed picture of brain structures involved in learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P. Vetreno
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902
| | - Raddy L. Ramos
- Department of Neuroscience & Histology, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury NY 11568
| | - Steven Anzalone
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902
| | - Lisa M. Savage
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902
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18
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Mao JC, Pace E, Pierozynski P, Kou Z, Shen Y, VandeVord P, Haacke EM, Zhang X, Zhang J. Blast-induced tinnitus and hearing loss in rats: behavioral and imaging assays. J Neurotrauma 2011; 29:430-44. [PMID: 21933015 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The current study used a rat model to investigate the underlying mechanisms of blast-induced tinnitus, hearing loss, and associated traumatic brain injury (TBI). Seven rats were used to evaluate behavioral evidence of tinnitus and hearing loss, and TBI using magnetic resonance imaging following a single 10-msec blast at 14 psi or 194 dB sound pressure level (SPL). The results demonstrated that the blast exposure induced early onset of tinnitus and central hearing impairment at a broad frequency range. The induced tinnitus and central hearing impairment tended to shift towards high frequencies over time. Hearing threshold measured with auditory brainstem responses also showed an immediate elevation followed by recovery on day 14, coinciding with behaviorally-measured results. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging results demonstrated significant damage and compensatory plastic changes to certain auditory brain regions, with the majority of changes occurring in the inferior colliculus and medial geniculate body. No significant microstructural changes found in the corpus callosum indicates that the currently adopted blast exposure mainly exerts effects through the auditory pathways rather than through direct impact onto the brain parenchyma. The results showed that this animal model is appropriate for investigation of the mechanisms underlying blast-induced tinnitus, hearing loss, and related TBI. Continued investigation along these lines will help identify pathology with injury/recovery patterns, aiding development of effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny C Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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