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Santos GX, Dos SantosTeodoro JE, Fonseca MG, Acunha RM, da Silva Júnior PI, Reis LMD, de Freitas RL, Medeiros P. Mygalin, an Acanthoscurria gomesiana spider-derived synthetic, modulates haloperidol-induced cataleptic state in mice. Neurosci Lett 2024; 820:137572. [PMID: 38072029 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haloperidol (HAL) is an antipsychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, adverse effects are observed in the extrapyramidal tracts due to its systemic action. Natural compounds are among the treatment alternatives widely available in Brazilian biodiversity. Mygalin (MY), a polyamine that was synthesized from a natural molecule present in the hemolymph of the Acanthoscurria gomesian spider, may present an interesting approach. AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the effect of MY in mice subjected to HAL-induced catalepsy. METHODS Male Swiss mice were used. Catalepsy was induced by intraperitoneal administration of HAL (0.5 mg/kg - 1 mL/Kg) diluted in physiological saline. To assess the MY effects on catalepsy, mice were assigned to 4 groups: (1) physiological saline (NaCl 0.9 %); (2) MY at 0.002 mg/Kg; (3) MY at 0.02 mg/Kg; (4) MY at 0.2 mg/Kg. MY or saline was administered intraperitoneally (IP) 10 min b HAL before saline. Catalepsy was evaluated using the bar test at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the IP administration of HAL. RESULTS The latency time in the bar test 15, 30, 60, and 90 min increased (p < 0.05) after IP administration of HAL compared to the control group. Catalepsy was attenuated 15, 30, 90, and 120 min (p < 0.05) after the IP-administration of MY at 0.2 mg/Kg; while MY at 0.02 mg/Kg attenuated catalepsy 15 min after the HAL treatment. Our findings showed that MY attenuates the HAL-induced cataleptic state in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renata Moreira Acunha
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renato Leonardo de Freitas
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Center for Pain Care, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Caixa Postal 676, CEP 13565-905, SP, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café 2450 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil
| | - Priscila Medeiros
- Interdisciplinary Center for Pain Care, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Caixa Postal 676, CEP 13565-905, SP, Brazil; Department of General and Specialized Nursing - EERP/USP Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing - USP, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café 2450 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil.
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Reakkamnuan C, Kumarnsit E, Cheaha D. Local field potential (LFP) power and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) changes in the striatum and motor cortex reflect neural mechanisms associated with bradykinesia and rigidity during D2R suppression in an animal model. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110838. [PMID: 37557945 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Impairments in motor control are the primary feature of Parkinson's disease, which is caused by dopaminergic imbalance in the basal ganglia. Identification of neural biomarkers of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) suppression would be useful for monitoring the progress of neuropathologies and effects of treatment. Male Swiss albino ICR mice were deeply anesthetized, and electrodes were implanted in the striatum and motor cortex to record local field potential (LFP). Haloperidol (HAL), a D2R antagonist, was administered to induce decreased D2R activity. Following HAL treatment, the mice showed significantly decreased movement velocity in open field test, increased latency to descend in a bar test, and decreased latency to fall in a rotarod test. LFP signals during HAL-induced immobility (open field test) and catalepsy (bar test) were analyzed. Striatal low-gamma (30.3-44.9 Hz) power decreased during immobility periods, but during catalepsy, delta power (1-4 Hz) increased, beta1(13.6-18 Hz) and low-gamma powers decreased, and high-gamma (60.5-95.7 Hz) power increased. Striatal delta-high-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) was significantly increased during catalepsy but not immobility. In the motor cortex, during HAL-induced immobility, beta1 power significantly increased and low-gamma power decreased, but during HAL-induced catalepsy, low-gamma and beta1 powers decreased and high-gamma power increased. Delta-high-gamma PAC in the motor cortex significantly increased during catalepsy but not during immobility. Altogether, the present study demonstrated changes in delta, beta1 and gamma powers and delta-high-gamma PAC in the striatum and motor cortex in association with D2R suppression. In particular, delta power in the striatum and delta-high-gamma PAC in the striatum and motor cortex appear to represent biomarkers of neural mechanisms associated with bradykinesia and rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayaporn Reakkamnuan
- Physiology program, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Ekkasit Kumarnsit
- Physiology program, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Dania Cheaha
- Biology program, Division of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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Melo-Thomas L, Schwarting RKW. Paradoxical kinesia may no longer be a paradox waiting for 100 years to be unraveled. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:775-799. [PMID: 36933238 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by bradykinesia and akinesia. Interestingly, these motor disabilities can depend on the patient emotional state. Disabled PD patients remain able to produce normal motor responses in the context of urgent or externally driven situations or even when exposed to appetitive cues such as music. To describe this phenomenon Souques coined the term "paradoxical kinesia" a century ago. Since then, the mechanisms underlying paradoxical kinesia are still unknown due to a paucity of valid animal models that replicate this phenomenon. To overcome this limitation, we established two animal models of paradoxical kinesia. Using these models, we investigated the neural mechanisms of paradoxical kinesia, with the results pointing to the inferior colliculus (IC) as a key structure. Intracollicular electrical deep brain stimulation, glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms may be involved in the elaboration of paradoxical kinesia. Since paradoxical kinesia might work by activation of some alternative pathway bypassing basal ganglia, we suggest the IC as a candidate to be part of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Melo-Thomas
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Behavioral Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rainer K W Schwarting
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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De la Casa LG, Cintado MA, González-Tirado G, Cárcel L. Conditioned catalepsy vs. Increase in locomotor activity induced by haloperidol. Neurosci Lett 2023; 802:137174. [PMID: 36906082 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has revealed a high degree of complexity of the conditioned response that appears after associating a context with the effects of the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol. Specifically, when a drug-free test is performed in the presence of the context, conditioned catalepsy is observed. However, if the test is extended over time, the opposite effect occurs, namely, a conditioned increase in locomotor activity. In this paper, we present the results of an experiment with rats that received repeated administration of haloperidol or saline before or after exposure to the context. Next, a drug-free test was performed to evaluate catalepsy and spontaneous locomotor activity. The results revealed, on the one hand, the expected conditioned response of catalepsy for those animals that received the drug prior to context exposure during conditioning. However, for the same group, an analysis of locomotor activity for an extended period of ten minutes after registering catalepsy revealed an increase in general activity and more faster movements compared to the control groups. These results are interpreted considering the possible temporal dynamics of the conditioned response that could induce changes in dopaminergic transmission responsible for the observed changes in locomotor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G De la Casa
- Laboratory of Animal Behavior & Neuroscience, Seville University, Spain.
| | - M A Cintado
- Laboratory of Animal Behavior & Neuroscience, Seville University, Spain
| | - G González-Tirado
- Laboratory of Animal Behavior & Neuroscience, Seville University, Spain
| | - L Cárcel
- Laboratory of Animal Behavior & Neuroscience, Seville University, Spain
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Melo-Thomas L, Tacken L, Richter N, Almeida D, Rapôso C, de Melo SR, Thomas U, de Paiva YB, Medeiros P, Coimbra NC, Schwarting R. Lateralization in hemi-parkinsonian rats is affected by deep brain stimulation or glutamatergic neurotransmission in the inferior colliculus. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0076-22.2022. [PMID: 35817565 PMCID: PMC9337613 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0076-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
After unilateral lesion of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) by 6-OHDA rats exhibit lateralized deficits in spontaneous behavior or apomorphine-induced rotations. We investigated whether such lateralization is attenuated by either deep brain stimulation (DBS) or glutamatergic neurotransmission in the inferior colliculus (IC) of Wistar rats. Intracollicular DBS did not affect spontaneous lateralization but attenuated apomorphine-induced rotations. Spontaneous lateralization disappeared after both glutamatergic antagonist MK-801 or the agonist NMDA microinjected in the IC. Apomorphine-induced rotations were potentiated by MK-801 but were not affected by NMDA intracollicular microinjection. After injecting a bidirectional neural tract tracer into the IC, cell bodies and/or axonal fibers were found in the periaqueductal gray, superior colliculus, substantia nigra, cuneiform nucleus and pedunculo-pontine tegmental nucleus, suggesting the involvement of these structures in the motor improvement after IC manipulation. Importantly, the side of the IC microinjection regarding the lesion (ipsi- or contralateral) is particularly important and this effect may not involve the neostriatum directly.Significance StatementThe inferior colliculus, usually viewed as an auditory structure, when properly manipulated may counteract motor deficits in Parkinsonian rats. Indeed, the present study showed that 30 Hz deep brain stimulation or glutamatergic neural network in the inferior colliculus reduced body asymmetry induced by medial forebrain bundle unilateral 6-OHDA lesion in rats, an animal model of Parkinsonism. Understanding how glutamatergic mechanisms in the inferior colliculus influence motor control, classically attributed to the basal nuclei circuitry, could be useful in the development of new therapeutics to treat Parkinson's disease and other motor disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Melo-Thomas
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
- Behavioral Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lars Tacken
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Richter
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Davina Almeida
- Laboratory of Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Catarina Rapôso
- Laboratory of Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Silvana Regina de Melo
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Uwe Thomas
- Thomas RECORDING GmbH, Winchester Strasse 8, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Yara Bezerra de Paiva
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Medeiros
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Centre of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Norberto C Coimbra
- Behavioral Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil
- NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto (SP), 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rainer Schwarting
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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Waku I, Reimer AE, de Oliveira AR. Effects of Immediate Aversive Stimulation on Haloperidol-Induced Catalepsy in Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:867180. [PMID: 35481243 PMCID: PMC9036068 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.867180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal models, the administration of the dopaminergic D2 antagonist haloperidol affects the nigrostriatal pathway, inducing catalepsy, a state of immobility similar to Parkinson’s disease (PD) bradykinesia and akinesia. In PD, the motor impairments are due to difficulties in selecting and executing motor actions, associated with dopamine loss in basal ganglia and cortical targets. Motor and affective limbic networks seem to be integrated via a striato-nigro-striatal network, therefore, it is not surprising that the motor impairments in PD can be influenced by the patient’s emotional state. Indeed, when exposed to aversive stimuli or life-threatening events, immobile patients are capable of performing sudden movements, a phenomenon known as paradoxical kinesia. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of unconditioned and conditioned aversive stimulation on haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats. First, male Wistar rats received intraperitoneal administration of saline or haloperidol (1 or 2 mg/kg) and were evaluated in the catalepsy bar test to assess the cataleptic state induced by the different doses of haloperidol over time. Next, we evaluated the effects of two types of unconditioned aversive stimuli–100 lux light (1 and 20 s) or 0.6 mA footshock (1 s)–on the catalepsy. Finally, we evaluated the effects of light conditioned stimuli (Light-CS), previously paired with footshocks, on the cataleptic state. Catalepsy was observed following haloperidol 1 and 2 mg/kg administration. Exposure to footshocks, but not to light, significantly reduced step-down latency during the catalepsy test. Although unconditioned light did not affect catalepsy, paired Light-CS did reduce step-down latency. Here, we have provided evidence of face validity for the study of paradoxical kinesia. In addition to demonstrating that immediate exposure to an aversive stimulus is capable of disrupting the cataleptic state, our findings show that haloperidol-induced catalepsy seems to be differently influenced depending on the modality of aversive stimulation. Our data suggest that the selective recruitment of threat response systems may bypass the dysfunctional motor circuit leading to the activation of alternative routes to drive movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Waku
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Adriano E. Reimer
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
- Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Amanda R. de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
- Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Amanda R. de Oliveira,
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Fedotova IB, Surina NM, Nikolaev GM, Revishchin AV, Poletaeva II. Rodent Brain Pathology, Audiogenic Epilepsy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111641. [PMID: 34829870 PMCID: PMC8615954 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The review presents data which provides evidence for the internal relationship between the stages of rodent audiogenic seizures and post-ictal catalepsy with the general pattern of animal reaction to the dangerous stimuli and/or situation. The wild run stage of audiogenic seizure fit could be regarded as an intense panic reaction, and this view found support in numerous experimental data. The phenomenon of audiogenic epilepsy probably attracted the attention of physiologists as rodents are extremely sensitive to dangerous sound stimuli. The seizure proneness in this group shares common physiological characteristics and depends on animal genotype. This concept could be the new platform for the study of epileptogenesis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina B. Fedotova
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (I.B.F.); (N.M.S.); (G.M.N.)
| | - Natalia M. Surina
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (I.B.F.); (N.M.S.); (G.M.N.)
| | - Georgy M. Nikolaev
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (I.B.F.); (N.M.S.); (G.M.N.)
| | | | - Inga I. Poletaeva
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (I.B.F.); (N.M.S.); (G.M.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Waku I, Magalhães MS, Alves CO, de Oliveira AR. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy as an animal model for parkinsonism: A systematic review of experimental studies. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3743-3767. [PMID: 33818841 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several useful animal models for parkinsonism have been developed so far. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy is often used as a rodent model for the study of motor impairments observed in Parkinson's disease and related disorders and for the screening of potential antiparkinsonian compounds. The objective of this systematic review is to identify publications that used the haloperidol-induced catalepsy model for parkinsonism and to explore the methodological characteristics and the main questions addressed in these studies. A careful systematic search of the literature was carried out by accessing articles in three different databases: Web of Science, PubMed and SCOPUS. The selection and inclusion of studies were performed based on the abstract and, subsequently, on full-text analysis. Data extraction included the objective of the study, study design and outcome of interest. Two hundred and fifty-five articles were included in the review. Publication years ranged from 1981 to 2020. Most studies used the model to explore the effects of potential treatments for parkinsonism. Although the methodological characteristics used are quite varied, most studies used Wistar rats as experimental subjects. The most frequent dose of haloperidol used was 1.0 mg/kg, and the horizontal bar test was the most used to assess catalepsy. The data presented here provide a framework for an evidence-based approach to the design of preclinical research on parkinsonism using the haloperidol-induced catalepsy model. This model has been used routinely and successfully and is likely to continue to play a critical role in the ongoing search for the next generation of therapeutic interventions for parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Waku
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mylena S Magalhães
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila O Alves
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda R de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Low frequency deep brain stimulation in the inferior colliculus ameliorates haloperidol-induced catalepsy and reduces anxiety in rats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243438. [PMID: 33275614 PMCID: PMC7717509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the colliculus inferior (IC) improves haloperidol-induced catalepsy and induces paradoxal kinesia in rats. Since the IC is part of the brain aversive system, DBS of this structure has long been related to aversive behavior in rats limiting its clinical use. This study aimed to improve intracollicular DBS parameters in order to avoid anxiogenic side effects while preserving motor improvements in rats. Catalepsy was induced by systemic haloperidol (0.5mg/kg) and after 60 min the bar test was performed during which a given rat received continuous (5 min, with or without pre-stimulation) or intermittent (5 x 1 min) DBS (30Hz, 200–600μA, pulse width 100μs). Only continuous DBS with pre-stimulation reduced catalepsy time. The rats were also submitted to the elevated plus maze (EPM) test and received either continuous stimulation with or without pre-stimulation, or sham treatment. Only rats receiving continuous DBS with pre-stimulation increased the time spent and the number of entries into the open arms of the EPM suggesting an anxiolytic effect. The present intracollicular DBS parameters induced motor improvements without any evidence of aversive behavior, pointing to the IC as an alternative DBS target to induce paradoxical kinesia improving motor deficits in parkinsonian patients.
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Melo-Thomas L, Tonelli LC, Müller CP, Wöhr M, Schwarting RKW. Playback of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations overcomes psychomotor deficits induced by sub-chronic haloperidol treatment in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2043-2053. [PMID: 32419116 PMCID: PMC7306038 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In rodents, acute haloperidol treatment induces psychomotor impairments known as catalepsy, which models akinesia in humans and is characterized as an animal model of acute Parkinsonism, whereas sub-chronic haloperidol reduces exploratory behavior, which resembles bradykinesia. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats can be ameliorated by playback of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), an emotionally and motivationally relevant appetitive auditory stimulus, representing an animal model of paradoxical kinesia. In a condition like PD where patients suffer from chronic motor impairments, it is paramount to assess the long-term symptom relief in an animal model of Parkinsonism. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether 50-kHz USV playback ameliorates psychomotor deficits induced by haloperidol in a sub-chronic dosing regimen. METHODS In phase 1, distance traveled and number of rearing behavior were assessed in an activity chamber in order to investigate whether sub-chronic haloperidol treatment induced psychomotor impairments. In phase 2, we investigated whether 50-kHz USV playback could overcome these impairments by assessing exploratory behaviors and approach behavior towards the sound source in the 50-kHz USV radial maze playback paradigm. RESULTS Sub-chronic haloperidol treatment led to psychomotor deficits since the distance traveled and number of rearing behavior were reduced as compared to saline control group or baseline. These psychomotor impairments were ameliorated during playback of 50-kHz USV, with haloperidol treated rats showing a clear social approach behavior towards the sound source exclusively during playback. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that 50-kHz USV playback induces paradoxical kinesia in rats exhibiting motor deficits after sub-chronic haloperidol, as we previously showed after acute haloperidol treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Melo-Thomas
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
- Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14050-220, Brazil.
| | - Luan C Tonelli
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian P Müller
- Section of Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rainer K W Schwarting
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Catalepsy - an immobile state in which individuals fail to change imposed postures - can be induced by haloperidol. In rats, the pattern of haloperidol-induced catalepsy is very similar to that observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). As some PD symptoms seem to depend on the patient's emotional state, and as anxiety disorders are common in PD, it is possible that the central mechanisms regulating emotional and cataleptic states interplay. Previously, we showed that haloperidol impaired contextual-induced alarm calls in rats, without affecting footshock-evoked calls. Here, we evaluated the influence of distinct aversive stimulations on the haloperidol-induced catalepsy. First, male Wistar rats were subjected to catalepsy tests to establish a baseline state after haloperidol or saline administration. Next, distinct cohorts were exposed to open-field; elevated plus-maze; open-arm confinement; inescapable footshocks; contextual conditioned fear; or corticosterone administration. Subsequently, catalepsy tests were performed again. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy was verified in all drug-treated animals. Exposure to open-field, elevated plus-maze, open-arm confinement, footshocks, or administration of corticosterone had no significant effect on haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Contextual conditioned fear, which is supposed to promote a more intense fear, increased catalepsy over time. Our findings suggest that only specific defensive circuitries modulate the nigrostriatal system mediating the haloperidol-induced cataleptic state.
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12
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Cross-tolerance between nitric oxide synthase inhibition and atypical antipsychotics modify nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase activity in mouse lateral striatum. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 30:67-78. [PMID: 29664745 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous research indicates that the subchronic administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG) produces tolerance to haloperidol-induced catalepsy in Swiss mice. The present study aimed to further investigate whether intermittent subchronic systemic administration of L-NOARG induces tolerance to the cataleptic effects of haloperidol as well as olanzapine or clozapine (Clz) in C57Bl mice after subchronic administration for 5 consecutive days. Striatal FosB protein expression was measured in an attempt to gain further insights into striatal mechanisms in antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms side effects. An nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase histochemical reaction was also used to investigate whether tolerance could induce changes in the number of nitric oxide synthase-active neurons. Subchronic administration of all antipsychotics produced catalepsy, but cross-tolerance was observed only between L-NOARG (15 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and Clz (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). This cross-tolerance effect was accompanied by decreased FosB protein expression in the dorsal striatum and the nucleus accumbens shell region, and reduced icotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase activity in the dorsal and ventral lateral striatum. Overall, these results suggest that interference with the formation of nitric oxide, mainly in the dorsal and ventral lateral-striatal regions, appears to improve the cataleptic effects induced by antipsychotics acting as antagonists of low-affinity dopamine D2 receptor, such as Clz.
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13
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Tonelli LC, Wöhr M, Schwarting R, Melo-Thomas L. Paradoxical kinesia induced by appetitive 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats depends on glutamatergic mechanisms in the inferior colliculus. Neuropharmacology 2018; 135:172-179. [PMID: 29550392 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Paradoxical kinesia is a sudden transient ability of akinetic patients to perform motor tasks they are otherwise unable to perform. This phenomenon is known to depend on the patient's emotional state and external stimuli. Paradoxical kinesia can be induced by appetitive 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) in rats displaying catalepsy following systemic haloperidol. We investigated the role of the inferior colliculus (IC) in paradoxical kinesia induced by 50-kHz USV, since the IC modulates haloperidol-induced catalepsy. We focused on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, with male rats receiving intracollicular NMDA or the GABA receptor agonist diazepam 10 min before systemic haloperidol. Catalepsy time was assessed by means of the bar test, during which rats were exposed to playback of 50-kHz USV, white noise, and background noise. Our results show that playback of 50-kHz USV induced paradoxical kinesia by reducing haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats which had received saline intracollicular microinjection. This paradoxical kinesia effect of 50-kHz USV playback on haloperidol-induced catalepsy was prevented by intracollicular NMDA administration. Although intracollicular diazepam microinjection potentiated haloperidol-induced catalepsy, it did not affect the response to 50-kHz USV playback. Together, NMDA receptor agonist suppressed the effectiveness of 50-kHz USV playback, whereas diazepam did not. These findings suggest that the IC is a key structure involved in paradoxical kinesia, with relevant processes being glutamatergic rather than GABAergic. Our approach thus appears useful for uncovering neural mechanisms of paradoxical kinesia and it might help identifying novel therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Castro Tonelli
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Schwarting
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Liana Melo-Thomas
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Behavioral Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil.
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14
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Engelhardt KA, Marchetta P, Schwarting RKW, Melo-Thomas L. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy is ameliorated by deep brain stimulation of the inferior colliculus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2216. [PMID: 29396521 PMCID: PMC5797241 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has evolved as a promising alternative treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Moreover, conventional DBS protocols targeted at basal ganglia sites can turn out completely ineffective for some PD patients, warranting the search for alternative targets. The inferior colliculus (IC) is a midbrain auditory relay station involved in sensorimotor processes. High-frequency 2500 Hz electrical stimulation of the IC elicits escape behaviour and interferes with haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats, a state reminiscent of Parkinsonian akinesia, but clinical implication is limited since the protocol is aversive. However, typical DBS stimulation frequencies range between 20–180 Hz. We therefore tested the effects of a low-frequency 30 Hz-DBS protocol on haloperidol-induced catalepsy and aversive behaviour in rats. We show that low-frequency 30 Hz-DBS targeted at the IC strongly ameliorates haloperidol-induced catalepsy without any evidence of stimulation-induced escape behaviour. Furthermore, 30 Hz-DBS of the IC produced no place avoidance in a place conditioning paradigm and induced no anxiety-related behaviour on the elevated plus maze, indicating that the protocol has no aversive or anxiogenic side effects. Our findings provide first evidence that the IC can serve as an alternative, non-conventional DBS target.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-Alexander Engelhardt
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philine Marchetta
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rainer K W Schwarting
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany.,Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Liana Melo-Thomas
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany. .,Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany. .,Behavioral Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil.
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15
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Melo-Thomas L, Gil-Martínez AL, Cuenca L, Estrada C, Gonzalez-Cuello A, Schwarting RK, Herrero MT. Electrical stimulation or MK-801 in the inferior colliculus improve motor deficits in MPTP-treated mice. Neurotoxicology 2018; 65:38-43. [PMID: 29366825 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The inferior colliculus (IC) is an important midbrain relay station for the integration of descending and ascending auditory information. Additionally, the IC has been implicated in processing sensorimotor responses. Glutamatergic and GABAergic manipulations in the IC can improve motor deficits as demonstrated by the animal model of haloperidol-induced catalepsy. However, how the IC influences motor function remains unclear. We investigated the effects of either intracollicular deep brain stimulation (DBS) or microinjection of the glutamatergic antagonist MK-801 or the agonist NMDA in C57BL/6J mice chronically treated with saline or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). After DBS or microinjections, the mice were submitted to rotarod and open field tests, respectively. DBS in the IC was effective to increase the time spent on the rotarod in MPTP-treated mice. After unilateral microinjection of MK-801, but not NMDA, MPTP-treated mice increased the distance travelled in the open field (p < 0.05). In conclusion, intracollicular DBS or MK-801 microinjection can improve motor performance in parkinsonian mice suggesting the IC as a new and non-conventional therapeutic target in motor impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Melo-Thomas
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany; Instituto de Neurociências & Comportamento - INEC, Campus USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil; Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - A L Gil-Martínez
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Group (NiCE-IMIB), Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Institute for Aging Research, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - L Cuenca
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Group (NiCE-IMIB), Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Institute for Aging Research, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - C Estrada
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Group (NiCE-IMIB), Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Institute for Aging Research, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Gonzalez-Cuello
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Group (NiCE-IMIB), Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Institute for Aging Research, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - R K Schwarting
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany; Instituto de Neurociências & Comportamento - INEC, Campus USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - M T Herrero
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Group (NiCE-IMIB), Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Institute for Aging Research, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
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16
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Tonelli LC, Wöhr M, Schwarting R, Melo-Thomas L. Awakenings in rats by ultrasounds: A new animal model for paradoxical kinesia. Behav Brain Res 2017; 337:204-209. [PMID: 28916501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Paradoxical kinesia refers to a sudden transient ability of akinetic patients to perform motor tasks they are otherwise unable to perform. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unknown due a paucity of valid animal models that faithfully reproduce paradoxical kinesia. Here, in a first experiment, we present a new method to study paradoxical kinesia by "awakening" cataleptic rats through presenting appetitive 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), which are typical for social situations with positive valence, like juvenile play or sexual encounters ("rat laughter"). Rats received systemic haloperidol to induce catalepsy, which was assessed by means of the bar test. During that test, 50-kHz USV, time- and amplitude-matched white noise (NOISE), or background noise (BACKGROUND) were played back and compared to SILENCE. Every animal was exposed to all four acoustic stimuli in random order, with four independent groups of rats being tested. Only when exposed to playback of appetitive 50-kHz USV, the otherwise akinetic rats rapidly started to move efficiently. The acoustic control stimuli, in contrast, did not release rats from catalepsy, despite eliciting the auditory pinna reflex and head movements towards the sound source. Moreover, in a second experiment, playback of aversive 22-kHz USV and relevant acoustic control stimuli did also not significantly affect catalepsy time. Together, our animal model provides a completely new approach to study mechanisms of paradoxical kinesia, which might help to improve behavioral therapies for Parkinson's disease and other disorders, where akinetic or cataleptic states occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Castro Tonelli
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Rainer Schwarting
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Liana Melo-Thomas
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Behavioral Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Talbot T, Mattern C, de Souza Silva MA, Brandão ML. Intranasal administration of dopamine attenuates unconditioned fear in that it reduces restraint-induced ultrasound vocalizations and escape from bright light. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:682-690. [PMID: 28135884 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116686882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although substantial evidence suggests that dopamine (DA) enhances conditioned fear responses, few studies have examined the role of DA in unconditioned fear states. Whereas DA does not cross the blood-brain barrier, intranasally-applied dopamine reaches the brain directly via the nose-brain pathways in rodents, providing an alternative means of targeting DA receptors. Intranasal dopamine (IN-DA) has been demonstrated to bind to DA transporters and to increase extracellular DA in the striatum as well as having memory-promoting effects in rats. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of IN-DA in three tests of fear/anxiety. METHODS The three doses of DA hydrochloride (0.03, 0.3, or 1 mg/kg) were applied in a viscous castor oil gel in a volume of 5 µl to each of both nostrils of adult Wistar rats prior to testing of (a) escape from a bright light, using a two-chamber procedure, (b) restraint-induced 22 kHz ultrasound vocalizations (USVs), and (c) exploratory behavior in the elevated plus-maze (EPM). RESULTS IN-DA dose-dependently reduced escape from bright light and the number of USV responses to restraint. It had no influence on the exploratory behavior in the EPM. CONCLUSIONS IN-DA application reduced escape behavior in two tests of unconditioned fear (escape from bright light and USV response to immobilization). These findings may be interpreted in light of the known antidepressant action of IN-DA and DA reuptake blockers. The results also confirm the promise of the nasal route as an alternative means for targeting the brain's dopaminergic receptors with DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teddy Talbot
- 1 Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,2 Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Mattern
- 4 Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.,5 M et P Pharma AG, Emmetten, Switzerland
| | - Maria Angelica de Souza Silva
- 3 Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcus Lira Brandão
- 1 Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,2 Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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18
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Medeiros P, de Freitas RL, Silva MO, Coimbra NC, Melo-Thomas L. CB1 cannabinoid receptor-mediated anandamide signaling mechanisms of the inferior colliculus modulate the haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Neuroscience 2016; 337:17-26. [PMID: 27595886 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The inferior colliculus (IC), a midbrain structure that processes acoustic information of aversive nature, is distinguished from other auditory nuclei in the brainstem by its connections with structures of the motor system. Previous evidence relating the IC to motor behavior shows that glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms in the IC exert influence on systemic haloperidol-induced catalepsy. There is substantial evidence supporting a role played by the endocannabinoid system as a modulator of the glutamatergic neurotransmission, as well as the dopaminergic activity in the basal nuclei and therefore it may be considered as a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of movement disorders. The present study evaluated if the endocannabinoid system in the IC plays a role in the elaboration of systemic haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Male Wistar rats received intracollicular microinjection of either the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide (AEA) at different concentrations (5, 50 or 100pmol/0.2μl), the CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist AM251 at 50, 100 or 200pmol/0.2μl or vehicle, followed by intraperitoneal (IP) administration of either haloperidol at 0.5 or 1mg/kg or physiological saline. Systemic injection of haloperidol at both doses (0.5 or 1mg/kg, IP) produced a cataleptic state, compared to vehicle/physiological saline-treated group, lasting 30 and 50min after systemic administration of the dopaminergic receptors non-selective antagonist. The midbrain microinjection of AEA at 50pmol/0.2μl increased the latency for stepping down from the horizontal bar after systemic administration of haloperidol. Moreover, the intracollicular administration of AEA at 50pmol/0.2μl was able to increase the duration of catalepsy as compared to AEA at 100pmol/0.2-μl-treated group. Intracollicular pretreatment with AM251 at the intermediate concentration (100pmol/0.2μl) was able to decrease the duration of catalepsy after systemic administration of haloperidol. However, neither the intracollicular microinjection of AM251 at the lowest (50pmol/0.2μl) nor at the highest (200pmol/0.2μl) concentration was able to block the systemic haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Furthermore, the intracollicular administration of AM251 at 100pmol/0.2μl was able to decrease the duration of catalepsy as compared to AM251 at 50pmol/0.2μl- and AM251 at 200pmol/0.2-μl-treated group. The latency for stepping down from the horizontal bar - induced by haloperidol administration - was decreased when microinjection of AEA at 50pmol/0.2μl was preceded with blockade of CB1 receptor with AM251 (100pmol/0.2μl). Our results strengthen the involvement of CB1-signaled endocannabinoid mechanisms of the IC in the neuromodulation of catalepsy induced by systemic administration of the dopaminergic receptors non-selective antagonist haloperidol.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Medeiros
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurocience and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Neurology, Post-Graduation Section, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Neuroelectrophysiology Multiuser Center and Neurobiology of Pain and Emotions Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Av. D. Ana Costa, 95, Vila Mathias, Santos, São Paulo 11060-001, Brazil
| | - R L de Freitas
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Neurobiology of Emotions Research Center (NAP-USP-NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Neuroelectrophysiology Multiuser Center and Neurobiology of Pain and Emotions Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - M O Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Neuroelectrophysiology Multiuser Center and Neurobiology of Pain and Emotions Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - N C Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Neurobiology of Emotions Research Center (NAP-USP-NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220 São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurocience and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Neurology, Post-Graduation Section, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Neuroelectrophysiology Multiuser Center and Neurobiology of Pain and Emotions Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - L Melo-Thomas
- Laboratory of Experimental and Physiological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220 São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Av. D. Ana Costa, 95, Vila Mathias, Santos, São Paulo 11060-001, Brazil.
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Post-trial dopaminergic modulation of conditioned catalepsy: A single apomorphine induced increase/decrease in dopaminergic activation immediately following a conditioned catalepsy response can reverse/enhance a haloperidol conditioned and sensitized catalepsy response. Behav Brain Res 2016; 311:87-98. [PMID: 27173428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Haloperidol can induce catalepsy and this drug effect can be conditioned as well as sensitized to contextual cues. We used a paired/unpaired Pavlovian conditioning protocol to establish haloperidol catalepsy conditioned and sensitized responses. Groups of rats were given 10 daily catalepsy tests following administration of vehicle (n=24) or haloperidol (1.0mg/kg) either paired (n=18) or unpaired (n=18) to testing. Subsequently, testing for conditioning was conducted and conditioning and sensitization of catalepsy were observed selectively in the paired group. Immediately following a second test for catalepsy conditioning, the groups were subdivided into 4 vehicle groups, 3 unpaired haloperidol groups and 3 paired haloperidol groups and were given one of three post-trial treatments (vehicle, 0.05mg/kg or 2.0mg/kg apomorphine). One day later the conditioned catalepsy test 3 was carried out and on the next day, a haloperidol challenge test was performed. The post-trial apomorphine treatments had major effects on the paired groups upon both conditioning and the haloperidol challenge test. The low dose apomorphine post-trial treatment enhanced both the conditioned and the haloperidol sensitized catalepsy responses. The high dose apomorphine post-trial treatment eliminated conditioned catalepsy and eliminated the initial acute catalepsy response to haloperidol that was induced in the vehicle control groups. These results demonstrate the sensitivity of conditioned drug cues to modification by increases/decreases in activity of the dopamine system in the immediate post-trial interval after a conditioning trial. This demonstration that post-trial dopaminergic drug treatments can modify conditioned drug behavior has broad implications for conditioned drug effects.
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Porcelli S, Crisafulli C, Calabrò M, Serretti A, Rujescu D. Possible biomarkers modulating haloperidol efficacy and/or tolerability. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:507-29. [PMID: 27023437 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.16.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Haloperidol (HP) is widely used in the treatment of several forms of psychosis. Despite of its efficacy, HP use is a cause of concern for the elevated risk of adverse drug reactions. adverse drug reactions risk and HP efficacy greatly vary across subjects, indicating the involvement of several factors in HP mechanism of action. The use of biomarkers that could monitor or even predict HP treatment impact would be of extreme importance. We reviewed the elements that could potentially be used as peripheral biomarkers of HP effectiveness. Although a validated biomarker still does not exist, we underlined the several potential findings (e.g., about cytokines, HP metabolites and genotypic biomarkers) which could pave the way for future research on HP biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Porcelli
- Department of Biomedical & NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Concetta Crisafulli
- Department of Biomedical Science & Morphological & Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Calabrò
- Department of Biomedical Science & Morphological & Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical & NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
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Jain NS, Tandi L, Verma L. Contribution of the central histaminergic transmission in the cataleptic and neuroleptic effects of haloperidol. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 139:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Muthuraju S, Talbot T, Brandão ML. Dopamine D2 receptors regulate unconditioned fear in deep layers of the superior colliculus and dorsal periaqueductal gray. Behav Brain Res 2015; 297:116-23. [PMID: 26455877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Electrical and chemical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG), deep layers of the superior colliculus (dlSC), and inferior colliculus (IC) causes freezing and escape behavior in rodents. Systemic injections of the selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride increased the number of switch-off responses (SORs) to light and auditory evoked potentials in response to loud sounds. Dopamine D2 receptor inhibition in the IC was shown to enhance unconditioned fear. Nevertheless, the role of dopamine receptors in the dlSC and dPAG in the mediation of unconditioned fear has not yet been demonstrated. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to characterize the effects of sulpiride injections (4 and 8 μg/0.2 μl) in the dlSC and dPAG in rats that were subjected to unconditioned fear paradigms. METHODS Switch-off responses to light and exploratory behavior in the elevated plus maze were used to evaluate unconditioned fear in rats. RESULTS Intra-dlSC microinjections of sulpiride increased the number of SORs to light. Intra-dlSC and intra-dPAG injections of sulpiride reduced the number of entries into and time spent on the open arms and decreased end-arm exploration and head dipping in the elevated plus maze. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that dopamine, through D2 receptors in the dlSC and dPAG, is involved in defense reactions that are organized in the midbrain tectum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangu Muthuraju
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-901, Brazil; Instituto de Neurociencias e Comportamento, Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14050-000, Brazil
| | - Teddy Talbot
- Instituto de Neurociencias e Comportamento, Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14050-000, Brazil; Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus Lira Brandão
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-901, Brazil; Instituto de Neurociencias e Comportamento, Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14050-000, Brazil.
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Dual role of dopamine D(2)-like receptors in the mediation of conditioned and unconditioned fear. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3433-7. [PMID: 25783771 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A reduction of dopamine release or D2 receptor blockade in the terminal fields of the mesolimbic system, particularly the amygdala, clearly reduces conditioned fear. Similar D2 receptor antagonism in the neural substrates of fear in the midbrain tectum attenuates the processing of unconditioned aversive information. However, the implications of the interplay between opposing actions of dopamine in the rostral and caudal segments of the dopaminergic system are still unclear. Previous studies from this laboratory have reported the effects of dopaminergic drugs on behavior in rats in the elevated plus maze, auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) recorded from the midbrain tectum, fear-potentiated startle, and conditioned freezing. These findings led to an interesting framework on the functional roles of dopamine in both anxiety and fear states. Dopamine D2 receptor inhibition in the terminal fields of the mesolimbic dopamine system generally causes anxiolytic-like effects, whereas the activity of midbrain substrates of unconditioned fear are enhanced by D2 receptor antagonists, suggesting that D2 receptor-mediated mechanisms play opposing roles in fear/anxiety processes, depending on the brain region under study. Dopamine appears to mediate conditioned fear by acting at rostral levels of the brain and regulate unconditioned fear at the midbrain level, likely by reducing the sensorimotor gating of aversive events.
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Melo-Thomas L, Thomas U. Deep brain stimulation of the inferior colliculus: A possible animal model to study paradoxical kinesia observed in some parkinsonian patients? Behav Brain Res 2015; 279:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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de Oliveira AR, Colombo AC, Muthuraju S, Almada RC, Brandão ML. Dopamine D2-like receptors modulate unconditioned fear: role of the inferior colliculus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104228. [PMID: 25133693 PMCID: PMC4136794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A reduction of dopamine release or D2 receptor blockade in the terminal fields of the mesolimbic system clearly reduces conditioned fear. Injections of haloperidol, a preferential D2 receptor antagonist, into the inferior colliculus (IC) enhance the processing of unconditioned aversive information. However, a clear characterization of the interplay of D2 receptors in the mediation of unconditioned and conditioned fear is still lacking. Methods The present study investigated the effects of intra-IC injections of the D2 receptor-selective antagonist sulpiride on behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM), auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) to loud sounds recorded from the IC, fear-potentiated startle (FPS), and conditioned freezing. Results Intra-IC injections of sulpiride caused clear proaversive effects in the EPM and enhanced AEPs induced by loud auditory stimuli. Intra-IC sulpiride administration did not affect FPS or conditioned freezing. Conclusions Dopamine D2-like receptors of the inferior colliculus play a role in the modulation of unconditioned aversive information but not in the fear-potentiated startle response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Colombo
- Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sangu Muthuraju
- Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho Almada
- Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus Lira Brandão
- Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Medeiros P, Viana M, Barbosa-Silva R, Tonelli L, Melo-Thomas L. Glutamatergic neurotransmission in the inferior colliculus influences intrastriatal haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Behav Brain Res 2014; 268:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Distinct effects of haloperidol in the mediation of conditioned fear in the mesolimbic system and processing of unconditioned aversive information in the inferior colliculus. Neuroscience 2014; 261:195-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kaiser O, Aliuos P, Wissel K, Lenarz T, Werner D, Reuter G, Kral A, Warnecke A. Dissociated neurons and glial cells derived from rat inferior colliculi after digestion with papain. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80490. [PMID: 24349001 PMCID: PMC3861243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of gliosis around implant electrodes for deep brain stimulation impairs electrode–tissue interaction. Unspecific growth of glial tissue around the electrodes can be hindered by altering physicochemical material properties. However, in vitro screening of neural tissue–material interaction requires an adequate cell culture system. No adequate model for cells dissociated from the inferior colliculus (IC) has been described and was thus the aim of this study. Therefore, IC were isolated from neonatal rats (P3_5) and a dissociated cell culture was established. In screening experiments using four dissociation methods (Neural Tissue Dissociation Kit [NTDK] T, NTDK P; NTDK PN, and a validated protocol for the dissociation of spiral ganglion neurons [SGN]), the optimal media, and seeding densities were identified. Thereafter, a dissociation protocol containing only the proteolytic enzymes of interest (trypsin or papain) was tested. For analysis, cells were fixed and immunolabeled using glial- and neuron-specific antibodies. Adhesion and survival of dissociated neurons and glial cells isolated from the IC were demonstrated in all experimental settings. Hence, preservation of type-specific cytoarchitecture with sufficient neuronal networks only occurred in cultures dissociated with NTDK P, NTDK PN, and fresh prepared papain solution. However, cultures obtained after dissociation with papain, seeded at a density of 2×104 cells/well and cultivated with Neuro Medium for 6 days reliably revealed the highest neuronal yield with excellent cytoarchitecture of neurons and glial cells. The herein described dissociated culture can be utilized as in vitro model to screen interactions between cells of the IC and surface modifications of the electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odett Kaiser
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pooyan Aliuos
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kirsten Wissel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Darja Werner
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Günter Reuter
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrej Kral
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Athanasia Warnecke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Modulation of haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats by GABAergic neural substrate in the inferior colliculus. Neuroscience 2013; 255:212-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Atypical antipsychotic olanzapine reversed deficit on prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex produced by microinjection of dizocilpine (MK-801) into the inferior colliculus in rats. Behav Brain Res 2013; 257:77-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Colombo AC, de Oliveira AR, Reimer AE, Brandão ML. Dopaminergic mechanisms underlying catalepsy, fear and anxiety: do they interact? Behav Brain Res 2013; 257:201-7. [PMID: 24120401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Haloperidol is a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist that induces catalepsy when systemically administered to rodents. The haloperidol-induced catalepsy is a state of akinesia and rigidity very similar to that seen in Parkinson's disease. There exists great interest in knowing whether or not some degree of emotionality underlies catalepsy. If so, what kind of emotional distress would permeate such motor disturbance? This study is an attempt to shed some light on this issue through an analysis of ultrasound vocalizations (USVs) of 22 kHz, open-field test, and contextual conditioned fear in rats with some degree of catalepsy induced by haloperidol. Systemic administration of haloperidol caused catalepsy and decreased exploratory activity in the open-field. There was no difference in the emission of USVs between groups during the catalepsy or the exploratory behavior in the open-field test. In the contextual conditioned fear, when administered before training session, haloperidol did not change the emission of USVs or the freezing response. When administered before testing session, haloperidol enhanced the freezing response and decreased the emission of USVs on the test day. These findings suggest that the involvement of dopaminergic mechanisms in threatening situations depends on the nature of the aversive stimulus. Activation of D2 receptors occurs in the setting up of adaptive responses to conditioned fear stimuli so that these mechanisms seem to be important for the emission of 22 kHz USVs during the testing phase of the contextual conditioned fear, but not during the training session or the open-field test (unconditioned fear stimuli). Catalepsy, on the other hand, is the result of the blockage of D2 receptors in neural circuits associated to motor behavior that appears to be dissociated from those directly linked to dopamine-mediated neural mechanisms associated to fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline Colombo
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Irons TD, Kelly PE, Hunter DL, Macphail RC, Padilla S. Acute administration of dopaminergic drugs has differential effects on locomotion in larval zebrafish. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 103:792-813. [PMID: 23274813 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Altered dopaminergic signaling causes behavioral changes in mammals. In general, dopaminergic receptor agonists increase locomotor activity, while antagonists decrease locomotor activity. In order to determine if zebrafish (a model organism becoming popular in pharmacology and toxicology) respond similarly, the acute effects of drugs known to target dopaminergic receptors in mammals were assessed in zebrafish larvae. Larvae were maintained in 96-well microtiter plates (1 larva/well). Non-lethal concentrations (0.2-50 μM) of dopaminergic agonists (apomorphine, SKF-38393, and quinpirole) and antagonists (butaclamol, SCH-23390, and haloperidol) were administered at 6 days post-fertilization (dpf). An initial experiment identified the time of peak effect of each drug (20-260 min post-dosing, depending on the drug). Locomotor activity was then assessed for 70 min in alternating light and dark at the time of peak effect for each drug to delineate dose-dependent effects. All drugs altered larval locomotion in a dose-dependent manner. Both the D1- and D2-like selective agonists (SKF-38393 and quinpirole, respectively) increased activity, while the selective antagonists (SCH-23390 and haloperidol, respectively) decreased activity. Both selective antagonists also blunted the response of the larvae to changes in lighting conditions at higher doses. The nonselective drugs had biphasic effects on locomotor activity: apomorphine increased activity at the low dose and at high doses, while butaclamol increased activity at low to intermediate doses, and decreased activity at high doses. This study demonstrates that (1) larval zebrafish locomotion can be altered by dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists, (2) receptor agonists and antagonists generally have opposite effects, and (3) drugs that target dopaminergic receptors in mammals appear, in general, to elicit similar locomotor responses in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Irons
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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l-NOARG-induced catalepsy can be influenced by glutamatergic neurotransmission mediated by NMDA receptors in the inferior colliculus. Behav Brain Res 2012; 234:149-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Anzak A, Tan H, Pogosyan A, Djamshidian A, Ling H, Lees A, Brown P. Improvements in rate of development and magnitude of force with intense auditory stimuli in patients with Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2011; 34:124-32. [PMID: 21645135 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease can show brief but dramatic normalization of motor activity in highly arousing situations, a phenomenon often termed paradoxical kinesis. We sought to mimic this in a controlled experimental environment. Nine patients with Parkinson's disease and nine age-matched healthy controls were asked to grip a force dynamometer as quickly and strongly as possible in response to a visual cue. A loud (96 dB) auditory stimulus was delivered at the same time as the visual cue in ~50% of randomly selected trials. In patients with Parkinson's disease, the experiment was conducted after overnight withdrawal of antiparkinsonian drugs and again 1 h after patients had taken their usual morning medication. Patients showed improvements in the peak rate of force development and the magnitude of force developed when loud auditory stimuli accompanied visual cues. Equally, they showed improvements in the times taken to reach the peak rate of force development and their maximal force. The paradoxical facilitatory effect of sound was similar whether patients were off or on their usual antiparkinsonian medication, and could be reproduced in age-matched healthy controls. We conclude that motor improvement induced by loud auditory stimuli in Parkinson's disease is related to a physiological phenomenon which survives both with and after withdrawal of antiparkinsonian medication. The potential independence of the mediating pathways from the dopaminergic system provides impetus for further investigation as it may yield a novel nondopaminergic target for therapeutic manipulation in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Anzak
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Queen Square, London, UK
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