1
|
Hu Q, Li Y, Lin Z, Zhang H, Chen H, Chao C, Zhao C. The Molecular Biological Mechanism of Hydrogen Therapy and Its Application in Spinal Cord Injury. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1399-1414. [PMID: 38707612 PMCID: PMC11068043 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s463177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen, which is a novel biomedical molecule, is currently the subject of extensive research involving animal experiments and in vitro cell experiments, and it is gradually being applied in clinical settings. Hydrogen has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory, selective antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects, thus exhibiting considerable protective effects in various diseases. In recent years, several studies have provided preliminary evidence for the protective effects of hydrogen on spinal cord injury (SCI). This paper provides a comprehensive review of the potential molecular biology mechanisms of hydrogen therapy and its application in treating SCI, with an aim to better explore the medical value of hydrogen and provide new avenues for the adjuvant treatment of SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an City, Shandong, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an City, Shandong, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaochen Lin
- Hydrogen Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an City, Shandong, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medical Center, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an City, Shandong, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyue Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medical Center, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an City, Shandong, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Chao
- Hydrogen Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an City, Shandong, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an City, Shandong, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jia R, Zhu G, Zhao R, Li T, Jiang W, Cui X. Hydrogen treatment reduces electroencephalographic activity and neuronal death in rats with refractory status epilepticus by inhibiting membrane NR2B phosphorylation and oxidative stress. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241235589. [PMID: 38546233 PMCID: PMC10981235 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241235589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of hydrogen therapy on epileptic seizures in rats with refractory status epilepticus and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Status epilepticus was induced using pilocarpine. The effects of hydrogen treatment on epilepsy severity in model rats were then monitored using Racine scores and electroencephalography (EEG), followed by western blot of plasma membrane N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NR2B) and phosphorylated NR2B expression. We also generated a cellular epilepsy model using Mg2+-free medium and used polymerase chain reaction to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hydrogen. RESULTS There were no significant differences in Racine scores between the hydrogen and control groups. EEG amplitudes were lower in the hydrogen treatment group than in the control group. In epilepsy model rats, hippocampal cell membrane NR2B expression and phosphorylation increased gradually over time. Although hippocampal cell membrane NR2B expression was not significantly different between the two groups, NR2B phosphorylation levels were significantly lower in the hydrogen group. Hydrogen treatment also increased superoxide dismutase, mitochondrial (SOD2) expression. CONCLUSIONS Hydrogen treatment reduced EEG amplitudes and NR2B phosphorylation; it also decreased neuronal death by reducing oxidative stress. Hydrogen may thus be a potential treatment for refractory status epilepticus by inhibiting membrane NR2B phosphorylation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Jia
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Gemin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han Y, Luo L, Li H, Zhang L, Yan Y, Fang M, Yu J, Gao X, Liu Y, Huang C, Fan S. Nomilin and its analogue obacunone alleviate NASH and hepatic fibrosis in mice via enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammation capacity. Biofactors 2023; 49:1189-1204. [PMID: 37401768 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis are leading causes of cirrhosis with rising morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, there is no appropriate treatment for NASH and hepatic fibrosis. Many studies have shown that oxidative stress is a main factor inducing NASH. Nomilin (NML) and obacunone (OBA) are limonoid compounds naturally occurring in citrus fruits with various biological properties. However, whether OBA and NML have beneficial effects on NASH remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that OBA and NML inhibited hepatic tissue necrosis, inflammatory infiltration and liver fibrosis progression in methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-treated and bile duct ligation (BDL) NASH and hepatic fibrosis mouse models. Mechanistic studies showed that NML and OBA enhanced anti-oxidative effects, including reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) level, increase of catalase (CAT) activity and the gene expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and Nrf2-keap1 signaling. Additional, NML and OBA inhibited the expression of inflammatory gene interleukin 6 (Il-6), and regulated the bile acid metabolism genes Cyp3a11, Cyp7a1, multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (Mrp3). Overall, these findings indicate that NML and OBA may alleviate NASH and liver fibrosis in mice via enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammation capacity. Our study proposed that NML and OBA may be potential strategies for NASH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxuan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minglv Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengjie Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Liu W. Engineering Injectable Anti‐Inflammatory Hydrogels to Treat Acute Myocardial Infarction. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Binru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Qianjun He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging National‐Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound School of Biomedical Engineering Health Science Center Shenzhen University Shenzhen China
| | - Wuli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li C, Cao Y, Kohei F, Hao H, Peng G, Cheng C, Ye J. Nano-bubble hydrogen water: an effective therapeutic agent against inflammation related disease caused by viral infection in zebrafish model. Virol Sin 2022; 37:277-283. [PMID: 35249853 PMCID: PMC9170933 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the anti-inflammatory effect of hydrogen has been widely known, it was supposed that hydrogen could suppress tissue damage by inhibiting virus-related inflammatory reactions. However, hydrogen is slightly soluble in water, which leads to poor effect of oral hydrogen-rich water therapy. In this study, the nano-bubble hydrogen water (nano-HW) (about 0.7 ppm) was prepared and its therapeutic effect against viral infection was investigated by utilizing spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV)-infected zebrafish as model. Three-month-old zebrafish were divided into nano-HW treatment–treated group and aquaculture water treated group (control group). The results revealed that the cumulative mortality rate of SVCV-infected zebrafish was reduced by 40% after treatment with nano-bubble hydrogen water, and qRT-PCR results showed that SVCV replication was significantly inhibited. Histopathological examination staining showed that SVCV infection caused tissue damage was greatly alleviated after treatment with nano-bubble hydrogen water. Futhermore, SVCV infection caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was significantly reduced upon nano-HW treatment. The level of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α was remarkably reduced in the nano-HW-treated group in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our data demonstrated for the first time that nano-HW could inhibit the inflammatory response caused by viral infection in zebrafish, which suggests that nano-HW can be applied to antiviral research,and provides a novel therapeutic strategy for virus-caused inflammation related disease. Nano-HW treatment reduces the mortality of SVCV-infected zebrafish. Nano-HW alleviates the inflammatory response caused by SVCV infection. Nano-HW inhibits SVCV replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yiran Cao
- Wuhan Britain-China School, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fukuda Kohei
- Shenzhen Nano Buddy Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Haihong Hao
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guiqing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Can Cheng
- Wuhan Britain-China School, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hydrogen-Rich Water Improves Cognitive Ability and Induces Antioxidative, Antiapoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in an Acute Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Mouse Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9956938. [PMID: 34746315 PMCID: PMC8566066 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9956938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Cerebral ischemia and its reperfusion injury facilitate serious neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia due to cell death; however, there is currently no treatment for it. Reactive oxygen species is one of the many factors that induce and worsen the development of such diseases, and it can be targeted by hydrogen treatment. This study examined the effect of molecular hydrogen in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is emerging as a novel therapeutic agent for various diseases. Methods Ischemia-reperfusion injury was generated through bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in C57BL/6 mice. The test group received hydrogen-rich water orally during the test period. To confirm model establishment and the effect of hydrogen treatment, behavioural tests, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence microscopy, and cytokine assays were conducted. Results Open field and novel object recognition tests revealed that the hydrogen-treated group had improved cognitive function and anxiety levels compared to the nontreated group, while hematoxylin and eosin stain showed abundant pyknotic cells in a model mouse brain, and this was attenuated in the hydrogen-treated mouse brain. Total antioxidant capacity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assays revealed that hydrogen treatment induced antioxidative effects in the mouse brain. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed attenuated apoptosis in the striatum, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus of hydrogen-treated mice. Western blotting showed that hydrogen treatment reduced Bax and TNFα levels. Finally, cytokine assays showed that IL-2 and IL-10 levels significantly differed between the hydrogen-treated and nontreated groups. Conclusion Hydrogen treatment could potentially be a future therapeutic strategy for ischemia and its derived neurodegenerative diseases by improving cognitive abilities and inducing antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects. Hydrogen treatment also decreased Bax and TNFα levels and induced an anti-inflammatory response via regulation of IL-2 and IL-10. These results will serve as a milestone for future studies intended to reveal the mechanism of action of molecular hydrogen in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li L, Lou W, Kong L, Shen W. Hydrogen Commonly Applicable from Medicine to Agriculture: From Molecular Mechanisms to the Field. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:747-759. [PMID: 33290194 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201207220051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of hydrogen biology has to date mainly been applied in medicine. However, hydrogen biology can also enable positive outcomes in agriculture. Agriculture faces significant challenges resulting from a growing population, climate change, natural disasters, environmental pollution, and food safety issues. In fact, hydrogen agriculture is a practical application of hydrogen biology, which may assist in addressing many of these challenges. It has been demonstrated that hydrogen gas (H2) may enhance plant tolerance towards abiotic and biotic stresses, regulate plant growth and development, increase nutritional values, prolong the shelf life, and decrease the nitrite accumulation during the storage of vegetables, as well as increase the resilience of livestock to pathogens. Our field trials show that H2 may have a promising potential to increase yield and improve the quality of agricultural products. This review aims to elucidate mechanisms for a novel agricultural application of H2 in China. Future development of hydrogen agriculture is proposed as well. Obviously, hydrogen agriculture belongs to a low carbon economy, and has great potential to provide "safe, tasty, healthy, and high-yield" agricultural products so that it may improve the sustainability of agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longna Li
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wang Lou
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lingshuai Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang L, Lenahan C, Boling W, Tang J, Zhang JH. Molecular Hydrogen Application in Stroke: Bench to Bedside. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:703-712. [PMID: 32940172 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200917152316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Effective treatments are limited. Molecular hydrogen is emerging as a novel medical gas with therapeutic potential for various neurological diseases, including stroke. We reviewed the experimental and clinical findings of the effects of molecular hydrogen therapy in stroke patients and models. The underlying neuroprotective mechanisms against stroke pathology were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA92354, United States
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92324, United States
| | - Warren Boling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA92354, United States
| | - Jiping Tang
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92324, United States
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA92354, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gou X, Ying J, Yue Y, Qiu X, Hu P, Qu Y, Li J, Mu D. The Roles of High Mobility Group Box 1 in Cerebral Ischemic Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:600280. [PMID: 33384585 PMCID: PMC7770223 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that plays an important role in stabilizing nucleosomes and DNA repair. HMGB1 can be passively released from necrotic neurons or actively secreted by microglia, macrophages/monocytes, and neutrophils. Cerebral ischemia is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, and its outcome depends on the number of neurons dying due to hypoxia in the ischemic area. HMGB1 contributes to the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia via mediating neuroinflammatory responses to cerebral ischemic injury. Extracellular HMGB1 regulates many neuroinflammatory events by interacting with its different cell surface receptors, such as receptors for advanced glycation end products, toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, and TLR-4. Additionally, HMGB1 can be redox-modified, thus exerting specific cellular functions in the ischemic brain and has different roles in the acute and late stages of cerebral ischemic injury. However, the role of HMGB1 in cerebral ischemia is complex and remains unclear. Herein, we summarize and review the research on HMGB1 in cerebral ischemia, focusing especially on the role of HMGB1 in hypoxic ischemia in the immature brain and in white matter ischemic injury. We also outline the possible mechanisms of HMGB1 in cerebral ischemia and the main strategies to inhibit HMGB1 pertaining to its potential as a novel critical molecular target in cerebral ischemic injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Gou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eryilmaz S, Turkyilmaz Z, Karabulut R, Gulburun MA, Poyraz A, Gulbahar O, Arslan B, Sonmez K. The effects of hydrogen-rich saline solution on intestinal anastomosis performed after intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury. J Pediatr Surg 2020; 55:1574-1578. [PMID: 31466816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the effects of hydrogen-rich saline solution (HRSS) on intestinal anastomosis performed after intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty Wistar albino female rats were randomly divided into five groups. Only laparotomy was performed in the Sham group. In the other four groups, an intestinal IRI was performed for 45 min by clamping the superior mesenteric artery. After intestinal IRI, anastomosis was performed by cutting the intestine from the proximal 15 cm of the ileocecal valve at the first and 24th hours. HRSS was given intraperitoneally 5 ml/kg before reperfusion and for four more days in the HRSS1 and HRSS24groups, while no treatment was given to the I/R1 and I/R24 groups. After 5 days, all groups underwent relaparotomy. The anastomotic bursting pressures were measured in all groups, except the Sham group. The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the tissues taken from the anastomosis line. The tissue sections were evaluated histopathologically and the apoptosis index was determined by applying the TUNEL method. The results were analyzed one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson's chi-squared test. RESULTS Although the MPO, MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α tissue values were not statistically significant among the groups, the degree of tissue damage and apoptosis levels were lower and the anastomotic bursting pressures values were higher in the HRSS1 and HRSS24 groups compared to the I/R1 and I/R24 groups. CONCLUSION HRSS is effective in reducing the intestinal damage caused by an IRI: HRSS has the potential to reduce the detrimental effects of intestinal anastomosis performed after an intestinal IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Eryilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zafer Turkyilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Karabulut
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Merve Altin Gulburun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylar Poyraz
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gulbahar
- Department of Pediatric Biochemistry, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Arslan
- Department of Pediatric Biochemistry, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Sonmez
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang ZY, Fang YJ, Luo YJ, Lenahan C, Zhang JM, Chen S. The role of medical gas in stroke: an updated review. Med Gas Res 2020; 9:221-228. [PMID: 31898607 PMCID: PMC7802415 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.273960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical gas is a large class of bioactive gases used in clinical medicine and basic scientific research. At present, the role of medical gas in neuroprotection has received growing attention. Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in adults worldwide, but current treatment is still very limited. The common pathological changes of these two types of stroke may include excitotoxicity, free radical release, inflammation, cell death, mitochondrial disorder, and blood-brain barrier disruption. In this review, we will discuss the pathological mechanisms of stroke and the role of two medical gases (hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide) in stroke, which may potentially provide a new insight into the treatment of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuan-Jian Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM; Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiao Y, Yu Y, Li B, Gu X, Xie K, Wang G, Yu Y. Protective effects of hydrogen‑rich saline against experimental diabetic peripheral neuropathy via activation of the mitochondrial ATP‑sensitive potassium channel channels in rats. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:282-290. [PMID: 31746358 PMCID: PMC6896311 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been demonstrated that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation are closely associated with the development of diabetic complications, including diabetic neuropathy. Additionally, mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (Mito-K-ATP) channels play a homeostatic role on blood glucose regulation in organisms. Molecular hydrogen (H2) exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties and can be used to treat more than 71 diseases safely. In addition, the diabetes animal models which are set up using streptozotocin (STZ) injection, is a type of high long-term stability, low animal mortality rate and security method. The aim of the current study was to assess the value of hydrogen-rich saline (HS) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) treatment and to determine its associated mechanisms in STZ-induced diabetic experimental rats. Additionally, the effects of the Mito-K-ATP channels, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis on DPN were also evaluated. From week 5 of STZ injections, HS (2.5, 5 and 10 ml/kg) was injected into the rat abdominal cavity every day for a period of 4 weeks. The results of the current study demonstrated that HS significantly reduced behavioral, biochemical and molecular effects caused by DPN. However, 5-hydroxydecanoate, a selective Mito-K-ATP channels general pathway inhibitor, partially eliminated the therapeutic effect of HS on DPN. These results indicated that the use of HS may be a novel strategy to treat DPN by activating the Mito-K-ATP pathway and reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xiyan Gu
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Keliang Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Guolin Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu Y, Yuan M, Song J, Chen X, Yang H. Hydrogen Gas from Inflammation Treatment to Cancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2019; 13:8505-8511. [PMID: 31329427 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) therapy is a highly promising strategy against several diseases due to its inherent biosafety. However, the current H2 treatment modalities rely predominantly on the systemic administration of the gas, resulting in poor targeting and utilization. Furthermore, although H2 has significant anti-tumor effects, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Due to their ultrasmall size, nanomaterials are highly suitable drug-delivery systems with a myriad of biomedical applications. Nanocarrier-mediated H2 delivery, as well as in situ production of H2 by nanogenerators, can significantly improve targeted accumulation of the gas and accelerate the therapeutic effects. In addition, nanomaterials can be further modified to enhance passive or active accumulation at the target site. In this Perspective, we summarize the mechanism of H2 therapy and describe possibilities for combining H2 therapy with nanomaterials. We also discuss the current challenges of H2 therapy and provide some insights into this burgeoning field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P.R. China
| | - Meng Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P.R. China
| | - Jibin Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) , National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma W, Wang S, Liu X, Tang F, Zhao P, Cheng K, Zheng Q, Zhuo Y, Zhao X, Li X, Feng W. Protective effect of troxerutin and cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection on cerebral ischemia through inhibition of oxidative stress and promotion of angiogenesis in rats. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3148-3158. [PMID: 30816516 PMCID: PMC6423560 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain ischemia, including cerebral ischemia and cerebrovascular ischemia, leads to poor oxygen supply or cerebral hypoxia, and causes brain tissue death or cerebral infarction/ischemic stroke. The troxerutin and cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection (TCHI), is widely applied in China to improve blood supply in ischemic brain tissues and to enhance neuroprotective effects in clinical practice. However, the benefits and detailed underlying mechanism elaborating the effectiveness of TCHI in cerebrovascular diseases require further investigation. Therefore, in the present study, experimental in vivo and in vitro models were employed to investigate the potential mechanisms of TCHI on cerebral ischemic injury. The results demonstrated that TCHI increased the lactate dehydrogenase levels in the brain homogenate and conversely decreased lactic acid levels. TCHI was further observed to significantly increase superoxide dismutase activity and decrease malondialdehyde levels in ischemic brain tissues. In addition, TCHI significantly induced vascular maturation processes, including proliferation, adhesion, migration and tube formation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Additionally, TCHI significantly stimulated microvessel formation in the rat aortic ring and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. Taken together, these results provided strong evidence that TCHI stimulated angiogenesis at multiple steps, and indicated that TCHI attenuated cerebral ischemic damage through the amelioration of oxidative stress and promotion of angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, P.R. China
| | - Xuanlin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Fengru Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Peipei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qiaowei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yingchen Zhuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xueqian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Weiyi Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dong A, Yu Y, Wang Y, Li C, Chen H, Bian Y, Zhang P, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Xie K. Protective effects of hydrogen gas against sepsis-induced acute lung injury via regulation of mitochondrial function and dynamics. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 65:366-372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
17
|
Yu L, Hu P, Chen Y. Gas-Generating Nanoplatforms: Material Chemistry, Multifunctionality, and Gas Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801964. [PMID: 30066474 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The fast advances of theranostic nanomedicine enable the rational design and construction of diverse functional nanoplatforms for versatile biomedical applications, among which gas-generating nanoplatforms (GGNs) have emerged very recently as unique theranostic nanoplatforms for broad gas therapies. Here, the recent developments of the rational design and chemical construction of versatile GGNs for efficient gas therapies by either exogenous physical triggers or endogenous disease-environment responsiveness are reviewed. These gases involve some therapeutic gases that can directly change disease status, such as oxygen (O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2 ), hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), and other gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2 ), dl-menthol (DLM), and gaseous perfluorocarbon (PFC) for supplementary assistance of the theranostic process. Abundant nanocarriers have been adopted for gas delivery into lesions, including poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid), micelles, silica/mesoporous silica, organosilica, MnO2 , graphene, Bi2 Se3 , upconversion nanoparticles, CaCO3 , etc. Especially, these GGNs have been successfully developed for versatile biomedical applications, including diagnostic imaging and therapeutic use. The biosafety issue, challenges faced, and future developments on the rational construction of GGNs are also discussed for further promotion of their clinical translation to benefit patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luodan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Q, Jiao Y, Yu Y, Wang G, Yu Y. Hydrogen‑rich medium alleviates high glucose‑induced oxidative stress and parthanatos in rat Schwann cells in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:338-344. [PMID: 30431142 PMCID: PMC6297768 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is considered to be the most common cause of microvascular diabetic complications, for which no effective therapies currently exist. Previous studies have identified that oxidative stress is the common pathway in all possible hypotheses for the induction of DPN, and poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase-1 (PARP-1)-dependent cell death (parthanatos) is key in the pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegenerative disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects and corresponding mechanisms of hydrogen-rich medium (HM) on high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress and parthanatos in primary rat Schwann cells (RSCs) in vitro. The RSCs were divided into groups and treated for 48 h. Cell counting kit-8 and lactate dehydrogenase assays were used to detect cell viability and cytotoxicity, respectively; intracellular OH− levels were measured using a DCFH-DA assay; concentrations of peroxynitrite (ONOO−) and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were evaluated with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; relative expression levels of parthanatos-related proteins [PAR, nucleus apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and total AIF] were analyzed using western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence was used to determine the nuclear translocation of AIF. After 48 h, HG was shown to induce severe oxidative stress and promote marked levels of parthanatos in the RSCs. Treatment with HM inhibited HG-induced oxidative stress by reducing the production of OH− and ONOO− and suppressed parthanatos by downregulating the levels of 8-OHdG, the expression of PAR and the nuclear translocation of AIF. HM improved cell viability and inhibited cytotoxicity under the HG condition. These results indicate that HM effectively reduces HG-induced oxidative stress in RSCs and protects them against parthanatos. Therefore, HM may be a novel treatment for DPN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Guolin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang Q, Lv H, Lu L, Ren P, Li L. Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: emerging therapeutic strategies based on pathophysiologic phases of the injury. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:3685-3692. [PMID: 29681183 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1468881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of neonatal death and disability. At present, there is no unified standard and specialized treatment method for neonatal HIE. In clinical practice, we have found that a gap remains between preclinical medical research and clinical application in the treatment of neonatal HIE. To promote an organic combination of preclinical research and clinical application, we propose the different phases as intervention targets, based on the pathophysiologic changes in phases I, II, and III of neonatal HIE; moreover, we suggest transformative medicine as a principle that may improve the therapeutic effect by blocking the progression of the disease to an irreversible stage. For instance, in phase I, mild hypothermia, free radical scavenger (erythropoietin, hydrogen-rich saline), excitatory amino acid receptor blocker, and neuroprotective agents should be administered to neonates with moderate/severe HIE; in phase II, following phase I treatment, anti-inflammatory agents, neuroprotective or nerve regeneration agents, and stem cell transplantation should be administered to patients; in phase III, anti-inflammatory agents, neuroprotective or nerve regeneration agents, and stem cell transplantation should be administered to patients. As soon as the patient's condition has stabilized, acupuncture, massage, and rehabilitation training should be performed. Following further study of stem cells, stem cell transplantation is expected to become the most promising therapeutic candidate for treatment of severe neonatal HIE with its sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Wang
- a Department of Neonatology , Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital , Handan , PR China
| | - Hongyan Lv
- a Department of Neonatology , Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital , Handan , PR China.,b Department of Neonatal Pathology , Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital , Handan , PR China
| | - Lixin Lu
- c Department of Pediatrics , Handan 7th Hospital , Handan , PR China
| | - Pengshun Ren
- a Department of Neonatology , Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital , Handan , PR China
| | - Lianxiang Li
- b Department of Neonatal Pathology , Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital , Handan , PR China.,d Department of Neural Development and Neural Pathology , Hebei University of Engineering School of Medicine , Handan , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Astragaloside Inhibits Hepatic Fibrosis by Modulation of TGF- β1/Smad Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3231647. [PMID: 29853950 PMCID: PMC5952439 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3231647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Activation of HSC is a pivotal step in hepatic fibrosis. In the activation of HSC, the TGF-β1 plays a key role that can promote the occurrence of hepatic fibrosis by combining with Smad proteins. Astragaloside is the main active component extracted from Radix Astragali that has the effect of antioxidation and hepatoprotection. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of astragalosides inhibiting hepatic fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, astragalosides inhibited the activation of HSC and regulated the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 and reduced the formation of collagen fibers. In vivo, administration of astragalosides decreased the serum ALT, AST, and TBiL in rats by reducing oxidative stress. Astragalosides also attenuated hepatic fibrosis by reducing the concentration of hydroxyproline and inhibiting the formation of collagen fibers. The expressions of TGF-β1, TβR-I, p-Smad 2, and p-Smad 3 were downregulated after astragalosides treatments, while Smad 7 was upregulated compared to the control group. The results indicated that the effect of astragaloside on hepatic fibrosis was related to the inhibition of HSC activation and the modulation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive decline is a major clinical problem with high morbidity and mortality after surgery. Many studies have found that molecular hydrogen (H2) has significant neuroprotection against acute and chronic neurological injury by regulating inflammation and apoptosis. In this study, we hypothesized that H2 treatment could ameliorate the development of cognitive impairment following surgery. Adult male rats were subjected to stabilized tibial fracture operation under anesthesia. Two percent of H2 was inhaled for 3 h beginning at 1 h after surgery. Separate cohorts of rats were tested for cognitive function with fear conditioning and the Y-maze test, or euthanized to assess blood-brain barrier integrity, and systemic and hippocampal proinflammatory cytokine and caspase-3 activity. Surgery-challenged animals showed significant cognitive impairment evidenced by a decreased percentage of freezing time and an increased number of learning trials on days 1, 3, and 7 after operation, which were significantly improved by H2 treatment. Furthermore, H2 treatment significantly ameliorated the increase in serum and hippocampal proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and high-mobility group protein 1 in surgery-challenged animals. Moreover, H2 treatment markedly improved blood-brain barrier integrity and reduced caspase-3 activity in the hippocampus of surgery-challenged animals. These findings suggest that H2 treatment could significantly mitigate surgery-induced cognitive impairment by regulating inflammation and apoptosis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Haj-Mirzaian A, Amiri S, Amini-Khoei H, Hosseini MJ, Haj-Mirzaian A, Momeny M, Rahimi-Balaei M, Dehpour AR. Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Behaviors are Associated with Altered Hippocampal Energy and Inflammatory Status in a Mouse Model of Crohn’s Disease. Neuroscience 2017; 366:124-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
23
|
Li D, Ai Y. Hydrogen saline suppresses neuronal cell apoptosis and inhibits the p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase‑caspase‑3 signaling pathway following cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5321-5325. [PMID: 28849153 PMCID: PMC5647063 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a serious pathological disease that is associated with a high rate death and disability. Saturated hydrogen (H2) saline exhibits brain protective functions through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. The present study investigated the potential treatment effects of H2 on CIRI. In addition, the potential protective mechanisms of H2 in the prevention of CIRI were investigated. Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=60) were randomly divided into the following three groups: Sham-operated group; IR group; and IR + H2 group (0.6 mmol/l, 0.5 ml/kg/day). Hematoxylin and eosin, and TUNEL staining were performed for histopathological analysis and investigation of apoptosis, respectively. In addition, the protein expression of caspase-3, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphorylated-p38 MAPK in the cortex were measured by western blotting analysis. These results demonstrated that H2 significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells, and the protein expression of p38 MAPK and caspase-3, compared with the IR group. These effects may be associated with the p38MAPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Yanqiu Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Although acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare disease, it continues to have high mortality and morbidity rates due to its many causes. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), originally reported as a ubiquitous non-histone chromosomal protein, is a multi-functional protein with varying functions depending on its location, such as in the nucleus, cytoplasm and extracellular space. The role of extracellular HMGB1 as an inflammatory mediator has been well studied, and the elevation of serum HMGB1 has been reported in several diseases that are closely associated with ALF. Areas covered: In this review, we focus on the relationship between causes of acute liver failure, such as viral infection, drug-induced liver injury, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and acute-on-chronic liver failure, and the role of HMGB1. Furthermore, we also consolidate and summarize the current reports of HMGB1-targeting therapies in hepatic injury models. Expert commentary: HMGB1 could be a novel therapeutic candidate for ALF, and the clinical testing of HMGB1-targeting therapies for ALF patients is expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Yamamoto
- a Department of Digestive and General Surgery , Shimane University Faculty of Medicine , Izumo , Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Tajima
- a Department of Digestive and General Surgery , Shimane University Faculty of Medicine , Izumo , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Murakami Y, Ito M, Ohsawa I. Molecular hydrogen protects against oxidative stress-induced SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell death through the process of mitohormesis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176992. [PMID: 28467497 PMCID: PMC5415102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of molecular hydrogen (H2) gas ameliorates oxidative stress-induced acute injuries in the brain. Consumption of water nearly saturated with H2 also prevents chronic neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease in animal and clinical studies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the remarkable effect of a small amount of H2 remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of H2 on mitochondria in cultured human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. H2 increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and the cellular ATP level, which were accompanied by a decrease in the reduced glutathione level and an increase in the superoxide level. Pretreatment with H2 suppressed H2O2-induced cell death, whereas post-treatment did not. Increases in the expression of anti-oxidative enzymes underlying the Nrf2 pathway in H2-treated cells indicated that mild stress caused by H2 induced increased resistance to exacerbated oxidative stress. We propose that H2 functions both as a radical scavenger and a mitohormetic effector against oxidative stress in cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Murakami
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang B, Zhang Y, Huang J, Dong L, Li T, Fu X. Anti-inflammatory activity and chemical composition of dichloromethane extract from Piper nigrum and P. longum on permanent focal cerebral ischemia injury in rats. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
27
|
Gokalp N, Basaklar AC, Sonmez K, Turkyilmaz Z, Karabulut R, Poyraz A, Gulbahar O. Protective effect of hydrogen rich saline solution on experimental ovarian ischemia reperfusion model in rats. J Pediatr Surg 2017; 52:492-497. [PMID: 27836358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate the effects of hydrogen rich saline solution (HRSS) in a rat model of ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS Thirty-six female Wistar-albino rats were grouped randomly, into six groups of six rats. The groups were classified as: sham (S), hydrogen (H), torsion (T), torsion/detorsion (TD), hydrogen-torsion (HT), and hydrogen-torsion/detorsion (HTD). Bilateral adnexal torsion was performed for 3h in all torsion groups. HRSS was given 5ml/kg in hydrogen groups intraperitoneally. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels were measured in both the plasma and tissue samples. Tissue sections were evaluated histopathologically, and the apoptotic index was detected by TUNEL assay. The results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson chi-square tests using computer software, SPSS Version 20.0 for Windows. RESULTS The MDA levels were higher and GST levels were lower in the torsion and detorsion groups when compared to other groups, but the differences were insignificant (P>0.05). The MDA levels were lower and GST levels were higher in the HT and HTD groups compared with the T and TD groups (P>0.05). Follicular injury, edema, vascular congestion, loss of cohesion and apoptotic index were higher in the torsion groups but decreased in the groups that received HRSS. CONCLUSIONS According to histopathological and biochemical examinations, HRSS is effective in attenuating ischemia-reperfusion induced ovary injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurcan Gokalp
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Can Basaklar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Sonmez
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zafer Turkyilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Karabulut
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Aylar Poyraz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gulbahar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Camara R, Huang L, Zhang JH. The production of high dose hydrogen gas by the AMS-H-01 for treatment of disease. Med Gas Res 2016; 6:164-166. [PMID: 27867484 PMCID: PMC5110138 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.191362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen gas is a new and promising treatment option for a variety of diseases including stroke. Here, we introduce the AMS-H-01, a medically approved machine capable of safely producing ~66% hydrogen gas. Furthermore, we propose the significance of this machine in the future of hydrogen gas research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Camara
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ichihara M, Sobue S, Ito M, Ito M, Hirayama M, Ohno K. Beneficial biological effects and the underlying mechanisms of molecular hydrogen - comprehensive review of 321 original articles. Med Gas Res 2015; 5:12. [PMID: 26483953 PMCID: PMC4610055 DOI: 10.1186/s13618-015-0035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen for a wide range of disease models and human diseases have been investigated since 2007. A total of 321 original articles have been published from 2007 to June 2015. Most studies have been conducted in Japan, China, and the USA. About three-quarters of the articles show the effects in mice and rats. The number of clinical trials is increasing every year. In most diseases, the effect of hydrogen has been reported with hydrogen water or hydrogen gas, which was followed by confirmation of the effect with hydrogen-rich saline. Hydrogen water is mostly given ad libitum. Hydrogen gas of less than 4 % is given by inhalation. The effects have been reported in essentially all organs covering 31 disease categories that can be subdivided into 166 disease models, human diseases, treatment-associated pathologies, and pathophysiological conditions of plants with a predominance of oxidative stress-mediated diseases and inflammatory diseases. Specific extinctions of hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite were initially presented, but the radical-scavenging effect of hydrogen cannot be held solely accountable for its drastic effects. We and others have shown that the effects can be mediated by modulating activities and expressions of various molecules such as Lyn, ERK, p38, JNK, ASK1, Akt, GTP-Rac1, iNOS, Nox1, NF-κB p65, IκBα, STAT3, NFATc1, c-Fos, and ghrelin. Master regulator(s) that drive these modifications, however, remain to be elucidated and are currently being extensively investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ichihara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501 Japan
| | - Sayaka Sobue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501 Japan
| | - Mikako Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015 Japan
| | - Masaaki Hirayama
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673 Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lin CL, Huang WN, Li HH, Huang CN, Hsieh S, Lai C, Lu FJ. Hydrogen-rich water attenuates amyloid β-induced cytotoxicity through upregulation of Sirt1-FoxO3a by stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase in SK-N-MC cells. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 240:12-21. [PMID: 26271894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides are identified in cause of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous evidence suggests Aβ-induced neurotoxicity is linked to the stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The accumulation of Aβ-induced ROS leads to increased mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptotic cell death. This suggests antioxidant therapies may be beneficial for preventing ROS-related diseases such as AD. Recently, hydrogen-rich water (HRW) has been proven effective in treating oxidative stress-induced disorders because of its ROS-scavenging abilities. However, the precise molecular mechanisms whereby HRW prevents neuronal death are still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the putative pathways by which HRW protects against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity. Our results indicated that HRW directly counteracts oxidative damage by neutralizing excessive ROS, leading to the alleviation of Aβ-induced cell death. In addition, HRW also stimulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a sirtuin 1 (Sirt1)-dependent pathway, which upregulates forkhead box protein O3a (FoxO3a) downstream antioxidant response and diminishes Aβ-induced mitochondrial potential loss and oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that HRW may have potential therapeutic value to inhibit Aβ-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Li Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Nung Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Li
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sam Hsieh
- Unitira Applied Materials Corp., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Copper Lai
- Fluxtek International Corp., Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Jou Lu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang JL, Zhang QS, Zhu KD, Sun JF, Zhang ZP, Sun JW, Zhang KX. Hydrogen-rich saline injection into the subarachnoid cavity within 2 weeks promotes recovery after acute spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2015. [PMID: 26199614 PMCID: PMC4498359 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.158361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen can relieve tissue-damaging oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Injection of hydrogen-rich saline is an effective method for transporting molecular hydrogen. We hypothesized that hydrogen-rich saline would promote the repair of spinal cord injury induced by Allen's method in rats. At 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after injury, then once daily for 2 weeks, 0.25 mL/kg hydrogen-rich saline was infused into the subarachnoid space through a catheter. Results at 24 hours, 48 hours, 1 week and 2 weeks after injury showed that hydrogen-rich saline markedly reduced cell death, inflammatory cell infiltration, serum malondialdehyde content, and caspase-3 immunoreactivity, elevated serum superoxide dismutase activity and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity, and improved motor function in the hindlimb. The present study confirms that hydrogen-rich saline injected within 2 weeks of injury effectively contributes to the repair of spinal cord injury in the acute stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Long Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing-Shan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kai-di Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jian-Feng Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ze-Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jian-Wen Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kang R, Chen R, Zhang Q, Hou W, Wu S, Cao L, Huang J, Yu Y, Fan XG, Yan Z, Sun X, Wang H, Wang Q, Tsung A, Billiar TR, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, Tang D. HMGB1 in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 40:1-116. [PMID: 25010388 PMCID: PMC4254084 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 693] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex genetic and physiological variations as well as environmental factors that drive emergence of chromosomal instability, development of unscheduled cell death, skewed differentiation, and altered metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of human diseases and disorders. Understanding the molecular bases for these processes is important for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers, and for identifying new therapeutic targets. In 1973, a group of non-histone nuclear proteins with high electrophoretic mobility was discovered and termed high-mobility group (HMG) proteins. The HMG proteins include three superfamilies termed HMGB, HMGN, and HMGA. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside the cell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP). This DAMP, in conjunction with other factors, thus has cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor activity, orchestrating the inflammatory and immune response. All of these characteristics make HMGB1 a critical molecular target in multiple human diseases including infectious diseases, ischemia, immune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Indeed, a number of emergent strategies have been used to inhibit HMGB1 expression, release, and activity in vitro and in vivo. These include antibodies, peptide inhibitors, RNAi, anti-coagulants, endogenous hormones, various chemical compounds, HMGB1-receptor and signaling pathway inhibition, artificial DNAs, physical strategies including vagus nerve stimulation and other surgical approaches. Future work further investigating the details of HMGB1 localization, structure, post-translational modification, and identification of additional partners will undoubtedly uncover additional secrets regarding HMGB1's multiple functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengwen Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Majid A. Neuroprotection in stroke: past, present, and future. ISRN NEUROLOGY 2014; 2014:515716. [PMID: 24579051 PMCID: PMC3918861 DOI: 10.1155/2014/515716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating medical condition, killing millions of people each year and causing serious injury to many more. Despite advances in treatment, there is still little that can be done to prevent stroke-related brain damage. The concept of neuroprotection is a source of considerable interest in the search for novel therapies that have the potential to preserve brain tissue and improve overall outcome. Key points of intervention have been identified in many of the processes that are the source of damage to the brain after stroke, and numerous treatment strategies designed to exploit them have been developed. In this review, potential targets of neuroprotection in stroke are discussed, as well as the various treatments that have been targeted against them. In addition, a summary of recent progress in clinical trials of neuroprotective agents in stroke is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Majid
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385A Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Department of Neurology and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
ROS and brain diseases: the good, the bad, and the ugly. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:963520. [PMID: 24381719 PMCID: PMC3871919 DOI: 10.1155/2013/963520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The brain is a major metabolizer of oxygen and yet has relatively feeble protective antioxidant mechanisms. This paper reviews the Janus-faced properties of reactive oxygen species. It will describe the positive aspects of moderately induced ROS but it will also outline recent research findings concerning the impact of oxidative and nitrooxidative stress on neuronal structure and function in neuropsychiatric diseases, including major depression. A common denominator of all neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia and ADHD is an increased inflammatory response of the brain caused either by an exposure to proinflammatory agents during development or an accumulation of degenerated neurons, oxidized proteins, glycated products, or lipid peroxidation in the adult brain. Therefore, modulation of the prooxidant-antioxidant balance provides a therapeutic option which can be used to improve neuroprotection in response to oxidative stress. We also discuss the neuroprotective role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) in the aged brain in response to oxidative stressors and nanoparticle-mediated delivery of ROS-scavenging drugs. The antioxidant therapy is a novel therapeutic strategy. However, the available drugs have pleiotropic actions and are not fully characterized in the clinic. Additional clinical trials are needed to assess the risks and benefits of antioxidant therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhai X, Chen X, Shi J, Shi D, Ye Z, Liu W, Li M, Wang Q, Kang Z, Bi H, Sun X. Lactulose ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inducing hydrogen by activating Nrf2 expression. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:731-741. [PMID: 23954468 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen has been proven effective in ameliorating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by selectively neutralizing reactive oxygen species. Lactulose can produce a considerable amount of hydrogen through fermentation by the bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. To determine the neuroprotective effects of lactulose against cerebral I/R injury in rats and explore the probable mechanisms, we carried out this study. The stroke model was produced in Sprague-Dawley rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion. Intragastric administration of lactulose substantially increased breath hydrogen concentration. Behavioral and histopathological verifications matched biochemical findings. Behaviorally, rats in the lactulose administration group won higher neurological scores and showed shorter escape latency time in the Morris test. Morphologically, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride showed smaller infarction volume; Nissl staining manifested relatively clear and intact neurons and TUNEL staining showed fewer apoptotic neurons. Biochemically, lactulose decreased brain malondialdehyde content, caspase-3 activity, and 3-nitrotyrosine and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine concentration and increased superoxide dismutase activity. The effects of lactulose were superior to those of edaravone. Lactulose orally administered activated the expression of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the brain as verified by RT-PCR and Western blot. The antibiotics suppressed the neuroprotective effects of lactulose by reducing hydrogen production. Our study for the first time demonstrates a novel therapeutic effect of lactulose on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and the probable underlying mechanisms. Lactulose intragastrically administered possessed neuroprotective effects on cerebral I/R injury in rats, which could be attributed to hydrogen production by the fermentation of lactulose through intestinal bacteria and Nrf2 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhai
- Graduate Management Unit, Changhai Hospital affiliated with the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China; Graduate Management Unit, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Graduate Management Unit, Changhai Hospital affiliated with the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China; Graduate Management Unit, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazi Shi
- Graduate Management Unit, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Shi
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhouheng Ye
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital affiliated with the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Qijin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital affiliated with the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Kang
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongda Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital affiliated with the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Milton SL, Dawson-Scully K. Alleviating brain stress: what alternative animal models have revealed about therapeutic targets for hypoxia and anoxia. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2013; 8:287-301. [PMID: 25264428 DOI: 10.2217/fnl.13.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
While the mammalian brain is highly dependent on oxygen, and can withstand only a few minutes without air, there are both vertebrate and invertebrate examples of anoxia tolerance. One example is the freshwater turtle, which can withstand days without oxygen, thus providing a vertebrate model with which to examine the physiology of anoxia tolerance without the pathology seen in mammalian ischemia/reperfusion studies. Insect models such as Drosophila melanogaster have additional advantages, such as short lifespans, low cost and well-described genetics. These models of anoxia tolerance share two common themes that enable survival without oxygen: entrance into a state of deep hypometabolism, and the suppression of cellular injury during anoxia and upon restoration of oxygen. The study of such models of anoxia tolerance, adapted through millions of years of evolution, may thus suggest protective pathways that could serve as therapeutic targets for diseases characterized by oxygen deprivation and ischemic/reperfusion injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Milton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Ken Dawson-Scully
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhou L, Wang X, Xue W, Xie K, Huang Y, Chen H, Gong G, Zeng Y. Beneficial effects of hydrogen-rich saline against spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits. Brain Res 2013; 1517:150-60. [PMID: 23603405 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-rich saline (HS) is reported to be a new therapeutic agent in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced organ damage. The present study was designed to investigate the beneficial effects of HS against spinal cord I/R injury and its associated mechanisms. Spinal cord ischemia was induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion for 20min in male New Zealand white rabbits. Different doses of HS were intravenously (i.v.) administered at 5min before or after the beginning of reperfusion. Moreover, the roles of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP), oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis was assessed. Here, we found that I/R-challenged rabbits exhibited significant spinal cord injury characterized by the decreased numbers of normal motor neurons and hind-limb motor dysfunction, which was significantly ameliorated by 5mL/kg and 10mL/kg HS treatment before reperfusion or 10mL/kg HS treatment after reperfusion. However, the protective effects of HS treatment in spinal cord I/R injury were partially abolished by the selective mitoKATP channel blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD). Moreover, we showed that the beneficial effects of 10mL/kg HS treatment against spinal cord I/R damage were associated with the decreased levels of oxidative products [8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] and pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)], as well as the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] in serum at 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h after reperfusion and in spinal cord at 72h after reperfusion. Furthermore, HS treatment (10mL/kg) reduced caspase-3 activity in the spinal cord of this model. Thus, HS may be an effective therapeutic agent for spinal cord I/R injury via activation of mitoKATP channels as well as reduction of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leshun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lucas K, Maes M. Role of the Toll Like receptor (TLR) radical cycle in chronic inflammation: possible treatments targeting the TLR4 pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:190-204. [PMID: 23436141 PMCID: PMC7091222 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complex, a receptor of the innate immune system, may underpin the pathophysiology of many human diseases, including asthma, cardiovascular disorder, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, autoimmune disorders, neuroinflammatory disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, clinical depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, alcohol abuse, and toluene inhalation. TLRs are pattern recognition receptors that recognize damage-associated molecular patterns and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria. Here we focus on the environmental factors, which are known to trigger TLR4, e.g., ozone, atmosphere particulate matter, long-lived reactive oxygen intermediate, pentachlorophenol, ionizing radiation, and toluene. Activation of the TLR4 pathways may cause chronic inflammation and increased production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and oxidative and nitrosative stress and therefore TLR-related diseases. This implies that drugs or substances that modify these pathways may prevent or improve the abovementioned diseases. Here we review some of the most promising drugs and agents that have the potential to attenuate TLR-mediated inflammation, e.g., anti-LPS strategies that aim to neutralize LPS (synthetic anti-LPS peptides and recombinant factor C) and TLR4/MyD88 antagonists, including eritoran, CyP, EM-163, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, 6-shogaol, cinnamon extract, N-acetylcysteine, melatonin, and molecular hydrogen. The authors posit that activation of the TLR radical (ROS/RNS) cycle is a common pathway underpinning many "civilization" disorders and that targeting the TLR radical cycle may be an effective method to treat many inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Lucas
- Sportzenkoppel 54, 22359, Hamburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|