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Kovács A, Szabó E, László K, Kertes E, Zagorácz O, Mintál K, Tóth A, Gálosi R, Berta B, Lénárd L, Hormay E, László B, Zelena D, Tóth ZE. Brain RFamide Neuropeptides in Stress-Related Psychopathologies. Cells 2024; 13:1097. [PMID: 38994950 PMCID: PMC11240450 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The RFamide peptide family is a group of proteins that share a common C-terminal arginine-phenylalanine-amide motif. To date, the family comprises five groups in mammals: neuropeptide FF, LPXRFamides/RFamide-related peptides, prolactin releasing peptide, QRFP, and kisspeptins. Different RFamide peptides have their own cognate receptors and are produced by different cell populations, although they all can also bind to neuropeptide FF receptors with different affinities. RFamide peptides function in the brain as neuropeptides regulating key aspects of homeostasis such as energy balance, reproduction, and cardiovascular function. Furthermore, they are involved in the organization of the stress response including modulation of pain. Considering the interaction between stress and various parameters of homeostasis, the role of RFamide peptides may be critical in the development of stress-related neuropathologies. This review will therefore focus on the role of RFamide peptides as possible key hubs in stress and stress-related psychopathologies. The neurotransmitter coexpression profile of RFamide-producing cells is also discussed, highlighting its potential functional significance. The development of novel pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of stress-related disorders is an ongoing need. Thus, the importance of RFamide research is underlined by the emergence of peptidergic and G-protein coupled receptor-based therapeutic targets in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kovács
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Evelin Szabó
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Kristóf László
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Erika Kertes
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Olga Zagorácz
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Kitti Mintál
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Attila Tóth
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Rita Gálosi
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Bea Berta
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - László Lénárd
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Edina Hormay
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Bettina László
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Zsuzsanna E. Tóth
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, H1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Strnadová V, Pačesová A, Charvát V, Šmotková Z, Železná B, Kuneš J, Maletínská L. Anorexigenic neuropeptides as anti-obesity and neuroprotective agents: exploring the neuroprotective effects of anorexigenic neuropeptides. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231385. [PMID: 38577975 PMCID: PMC11043025 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Since 1975, the incidence of obesity has increased to epidemic proportions, and the number of patients with obesity has quadrupled. Obesity is a major risk factor for developing other serious diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Recent epidemiologic studies have defined obesity as a risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other types of dementia. Despite all these serious comorbidities associated with obesity, there is still a lack of effective antiobesity treatment. Promising candidates for the treatment of obesity are anorexigenic neuropeptides, which are peptides produced by neurons in brain areas implicated in food intake regulation, such as the hypothalamus or the brainstem. These peptides efficiently reduce food intake and body weight. Moreover, because of the proven interconnection between obesity and the risk of developing AD, the potential neuroprotective effects of these two agents in animal models of neurodegeneration have been examined. The objective of this review was to explore anorexigenic neuropeptides produced and acting within the brain, emphasizing their potential not only for the treatment of obesity but also for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Strnadová
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Pačesová
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vilém Charvát
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Šmotková
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Železná
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kuneš
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Strnadová V, Morgan A, Škrlová M, Haasová E, Bardová K, Myšková A, Sýkora D, Kuneš J, Železná B, Maletínská L. Peripheral administration of lipidized NPAF and NPFF analogs does not influence central food intake regulation but induces anxiety-like behavior. Neuropeptides 2024; 104:102417. [PMID: 38422597 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
RF-amide peptides influence multiple physiological processes, including the regulation of appetite, stress responses, behavior, and reproductive and endocrine functions. In this study, we examined the roles of neuropeptide FF receptors (NPFFR1 and NPFFR2) by generating several lipidized analogs of neuropeptide AF (NPAF) and 1DMe, a stable analog of neuropeptide FF (NPFF). These analogs were administered peripherally for the first time to investigate their effects on food intake and other potential physiological outcomes. Lipidized NPAF and 1DMe analogs exhibited enhanced stability and increased pharmacokinetics. These analogs demonstrated preserved high affinity for NPFFR2 in the nanomolar range, while the binding affinity for NPFFR1 was tens of nanomoles. They activated the ERK and Akt signaling pathways in cells overexpressing the NPFFR1 and NPFFR2 receptors. Acute food intake in fasted mice decreased after the peripheral administration of oct-NPAF or oct-1DMe. However, this effect was not as pronounced as that observed after the injection of palm11-PrRP31, a potent anorexigenic compound used as a comparator that binds to GPR10 and the NPFFR2 receptor with high affinity. Neither oct-1DMe nor oct-NPAF decreased food intake or body weight in mice with diet-induced obesity during long-term treatment. In mice treated with oct-1DMe, we observed decreased activity in the central zone during the open field test and decreased activity in the open arms of the elevated plus maze. Furthermore, we observed a decrease in plasma noradrenaline levels and an increase in plasma corticosterone levels, as well as an increase in Crh expression in the hypothalamus. Moreover, neuronal activity in the hypothalamus was increased after treatment with oct-1DMe. In this study, we report that oct-1DMe did not have any long-term effects on the central regulation of food intake; however, it caused anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Strnadová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Morgan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Škrlová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Haasová
- Institute of Physiology, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Aneta Myšková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sýkora
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kuneš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Železná
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Strnadová V, Karnošová A, Blechová M, Neprašová B, Holá L, Němcová A, Myšková A, Sýkora D, Železná B, Kuneš J, Maletínská L. Search for lipidized PrRP analogs with strong anorexigenic effect: In vitro and in vivo studies. Neuropeptides 2023; 98:102319. [PMID: 36669365 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is an anorexigenic neuropeptide that attenuates food intake and increases energy expenditure. We designed three series of new lipidized PrRP31 analogs of different lengths of fatty acids attached at amino acids 1 or 11 directly or via linkers, part of them acetylated at the N-terminus and/or modified with dichlorophenylalanine (PheCl2) at the C-terminus. We tested their affinity for and activation of signaling pathways relevant to receptors GPR10, NPFF-R2, and NPFF-R1, effect on food intake in fasted or freely fed mice and rats, and stability in rat plasma. We aimed to select a strong dual GPR10/NPFF-R2 agonist whose affinity for NPFF-1 was not enhanced. The selected potent analog was then tested for body weight-lowering potency after chronic administration in mice with diet-induced obesity. PrRP31 analogs lipidized by monocarboxylic fatty acids showed strong dual affinity for both GPR10 and NPFF-R2 and activated MAPK/ERK1/2, Akt and CREB in cells overexpressing GPR10 and NPFF-R2. The selected analog stabilized at N- and C-termini and palmitoylated through the TTDS linker to Lys11 is a powerful dual agonist GPR10/NPFF-R2 at not enhanced affinity for NPFF-R1. It showed strong anti-obesity properties in mice with diet-induced obesity and became a potential compound for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Strnadová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Karnošová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 121 08, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Blechová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Neprašová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology, CAS, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Holá
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 121 08, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Němcová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Myšková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - David Sýkora
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Železná
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kuneš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology, CAS, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, CAS, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic.
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Neuropeptide FF-related gene in fish (Larimichthys polyactis): identification, characterization, and potential anti-inflammatory function. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6385-6394. [PMID: 35503491 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07447-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropeptide FF (NPFF), an octapeptide of the RFamide-related peptides (FaRPs), is involved in regulatory function in various biological processes. The regulatory role of NPFF in the immune and inflammatory response was currently being revealed. METHODS Neuropeptide FF-related gene (termed LpNPFF) and its two receptors, NPFF receptor 1 (LpNPFFR1) and NPFF receptor 2 (LpNPFFR2) were identified by PCR and Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay. Effect of LpNPFF on the production of nitric oxide (NO) in macrophage RAW264.7 cell was divided into PBS group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, LPS treated with LpNPFF group, and LPS treated with LpNPFF and receptor antagonist RF9 group. Then specimens were measured by color reaction at 570 nm absorbance value. RESULTS Sequence analysis showed that LpNPFF cDNA consists of 835 nucleotides with a 5'- untranslated region (UTR) of 150 base pair (bp), an open reading frame (ORF) of 384 bp and a 3'-UTR of 300 bp (Accession No. MT012894). The ORF encodes 127 amino acid (aa) residues with a hydrophobic signal peptide at N-terminus and two presumptive peptides with -PQRFa structure, LpNPFF (1) and LpNPFF (2). LpNPFFR1 and LpNPFFR2 encode 427 and 444 aa residues respectively, which both have seven hydrophobic TMDs and identified as G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Results of tissue distribution showed that LpNPFF and receptors were highly expressed in the brain and gonad. Furtherly, in vitro assay found LpNPFF could inhibit NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages under inflammatory stress with LPS, while its receptor antagonist RF9 caused the evoke of NO generation. CONCLUSIONS These results contribute to the further study of neuropeptide evolution in marine organisms, and also provide a new research idea for exploring the related functions of NPFF gene.
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Lipidated PrRP31 metabolites are long acting dual GPR10 and NPFF2 receptor agonists with potent body weight lowering effect. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1696. [PMID: 35105898 PMCID: PMC8807614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is an endogenous neuropeptide involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. PrRP binds with high affinity to G-protein coupled receptor 10 (GPR10) and with lesser activity towards the neuropeptide FF receptor type 2 (NPFF2R). The present study aimed to develop long-acting PrRP31 analogues with potent anti-obesity efficacy. A comprehensive series of C18 lipidated PrRP31 analogues was characterized in vitro and analogues with various GPR10 and NPFF2R activity profiles were profiled for bioavailability and metabolic effects following subcutaneous administration in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. PrRP31 analogues acylated with a C18 lipid chain carrying a terminal acid (C18 diacid) were potent GPR10-selective agonists and weight-neutral in DIO mice. In contrast, acylation with aliphatic C18 lipid chain (C18) resulted in dual GPR10-NPFF2R co-agonists that suppressed food intake and promoted a robust weight loss in DIO mice, which was sustained for at least one week after last dosing. Rapid in vivo degradation of C18 PrRP31 analogues gave rise to circulating lipidated PrRP metabolites maintaining dual GPR10-NPFF2R agonist profile and long-acting anti-obesity efficacy in DIO mice. Combined GPR10 and NPFF2R activation may therefore be a critical mechanism for obtaining robust anti-obesity efficacy of PrRP31 analogues.
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Regulation of stress response on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis via gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 64:100953. [PMID: 34757094 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Under stressful condition, reproductive function is impaired due to the activation of various components of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis, which can suppress the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis at multiple levels. A hypothalamic neuropeptide, gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a key negative regulator of reproduction that governs the HPG axis. Converging lines of evidence have suggested that different stress types and their duration, such as physical or psychological, and acute or chronic, can modulate the GnIH system. To clarify the sensitivity and reactivity of the GnIH system in response to stress, we summarize and critically review the available studies that investigated the effects of various stressors, such as restraint, nutritional/metabolic and social stress, on GnIH expression and/or its neuronal activity leading to altered HPG action. In this review, we focus on GnIH as the potential novel mediator responsible for stress-induced reproductive dysfunction.
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Hoang AC, Yu H, Röszer T. Transcriptional Landscaping Identifies a Beige Adipocyte Depot in the Newborn Mouse. Cells 2021; 10:2368. [PMID: 34572017 PMCID: PMC8470180 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study sought to identify gene networks that are hallmarks of the developing inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue (iWAT) and the interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the mouse. RNA profiling revealed that the iWAT of postnatal (P) day 6 mice expressed thermogenic and lipid catabolism transcripts, along with the abundance of transcripts associated with the beige adipogenesis program. This was an unexpected finding, as thermogenic BAT was believed to be the only site of nonshivering thermogenesis in the young mouse. However, the transcriptional landscape of BAT in P6 mice suggests that it is still undergoing differentiation and maturation, and that the iWAT temporally adopts thermogenic and lipolytic potential. Moreover, P6 iWAT and adult (P56) BAT were similar in their expression of immune gene networks, but P6 iWAT was unique in the abundant expression of antimicrobial proteins and virus entry factors, including a possible receptor for SARS-CoV-2. In summary, postnatal iWAT development is associated with a metabolic shift from thermogenesis and lipolysis towards fat storage. However, transcripts of beige-inducing signal pathways including β-adrenergic receptors and interleukin-4 signaling were underrepresented in young iWAT, suggesting that the signals for thermogenic fat differentiation may be different in early postnatal life and in adulthood.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes, Beige/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cell Cycle/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Gene Ontology
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Models, Biological
- Muscle Development/genetics
- Neuropeptides/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Transcription, Genetic
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tamás Röszer
- Institute of Neurobiology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.C.H.); (H.Y.)
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Palmitoylation of Prolactin-Releasing Peptide Increased Affinity for and Activation of the GPR10, NPFF-R2 and NPFF-R1 Receptors: In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168904. [PMID: 34445614 PMCID: PMC8396344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The anorexigenic neuropeptide prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is involved in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Lipidization of PrRP stabilizes the peptide, facilitates central effect after peripheral administration and increases its affinity for its receptor, GPR10, and for the neuropeptide FF (NPFF) receptor NPFF-R2. The two most potent palmitoylated analogs with anorectic effects in mice, palm11-PrRP31 and palm-PrRP31, were studied in vitro to determine their agonist/antagonist properties and mechanism of action on GPR10, NPFF-R2 and other potential off-target receptors related to energy homeostasis. Palmitoylation of both PrRP31 analogs increased the binding properties of PrRP31 to anorexigenic receptors GPR10 and NPFF-R2 and resulted in a high affinity for another NPFF receptor, NPFF-R1. Moreover, in CHO-K1 cells expressing GPR10, NPFF-R2 or NPFF-R1, palm11-PrRP and palm-PrRP significantly increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), protein kinase B (Akt) and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB). Palm11-PrRP31, unlike palm-PrRP31, did not activate either c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, c-Jun, c-Fos or CREB pathways in cells expressing NPFF-1R. Palm-PrRP31 also has higher binding affinities for off-target receptors, namely, the ghrelin, opioid (KOR, MOR, DOR and OPR-L1) and neuropeptide Y (Y1, Y2 and Y5) receptors. Palm11-PrRP31 exhibited fewer off-target activities; therefore, it has a higher potential to be used as an anti-obesity drug with anorectic effects.
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Transcriptomic Changes in Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Exposed to Neuropeptide FF. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050705. [PMID: 34065092 PMCID: PMC8151073 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) is a neuropeptide that regulates various biological activities. Currently, the regulation of NPFF on the immune system is an emerging field. However, the influence of NPFF on the transcriptome of primary macrophages has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effect of NPFF on the transcriptome of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) was explored by RNA sequencing, bioinformatics, and molecular simulation. BMDMs were treated with 1 nM NPFF for 18 h, followed by RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained, followed by GO, KEGG, and PPI analysis. A total of eight qPCR-validated DEGs were selected as hub genes. Subsequently, the three-dimensional (3-D) structures of the eight hub proteins were constructed by Modeller and Rosetta. Next, the molecular dynamics (MD)-optimized 3-D structure of hub protein was acquired with Gromacs. Finally, the binding modes between NPFF and hub proteins were studied by Rosetta. A total of 2655 DEGs were obtained (up-regulated 1442 vs. down-regulated 1213), and enrichment analysis showed that NPFF extensively regulates multiple functional pathways mediated by BMDMs. Moreover, the 3-D structure of the hub protein was obtained after MD-optimization. Finally, the docking modes of NPFF-hub proteins were predicted. Besides, NPFFR2 was expressed on the cell membrane of BMDMs, and NPFF 1 nM significantly activated NPFFR2 protein expression. In summary, instead of significantly inhibiting the expression of the immune-related gene transcriptome of RAW 264.7 cells, NPFF simultaneously up-regulated and down-regulated the gene expression profile of a large number of BMDMs, hinting that NPFF may profoundly affect a variety of cellular processes dominated by BMDMs. Our work provides transcriptomics clues for exploring the influence of NPFF on the physiological functions of BMDMs.
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Sun Y, Kuang Y, Zuo Z, Zhang J, Ma X, Xing X, Liu L, Miao Y, Ren T, Li H, Mei Q. Cellular processes involved in RAW 264.7 macrophages exposed to NPFF: A transcriptional study. Peptides 2021; 136:170469. [PMID: 33309723 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) is a neuropeptide that modulates various physiological processes. The regulatory role of NPFF in the immune and inflammatory response is currently being revealed. However, the effect of NPFF at the transcriptome level in macrophages has not been fully elucidated. Here, the impact of NPFF on gene expression at the transcriptome level of RAW 264.7 cells was investigated by RNA-seq. RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with NPFF (1 nM) for 18 h, followed by RNA-seq examination. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired, followed by GO, KEGG, and PPI analysis. A total of eight qPCR-verified DEGs were obtained. Next, three-dimensional models of the eight hub proteins were constructed by using homology modeling with Modeller (9v23). Finally, molecular dynamics simulation (300 ns) was performed with GROMACS 2018.2 to investigate the structural characteristics of these hub proteins. NPFF had no detectable effect on the morphology of RAW264.7 cells. A total of 211 DEGs were acquired, and an enrichment study demonstrated that the immune response-related pathway was significantly inhibited by NPFF. Moreover, the molecular dynamics optimized-protein models of the hub proteins were obtained. Collectively, NPFF inhibited the expression of immune-related genes in RAW 264.7 cells at the transcriptome level, which suggested a negative relationship between NPFF and this set of immune-related genes in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Therefore, our data may provide direct evidence of the role of NPFF in peripheral or central inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Kuang
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
| | - Zhuo Zuo
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xing
- School of Humanities, Economics and Laws, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
| | - Lingyi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
| | - Hui Li
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, South Door Slightly Friendship Road 555, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710072, China
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Wojciechowski P, Andrzejewski K, Kaczyńska K. Intracerebroventricular Neuropeptide FF Diminishes the Number of Apneas and Cardiovascular Effects Produced by Opioid Receptors' Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238931. [PMID: 33255594 PMCID: PMC7728097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The opioid-induced analgesia is associated with a number of side effects such as addiction, tolerance and respiratory depression. The involvement of neuropeptide FF (NPFF) in modulation of pain perception, opioid-induced tolerance and dependence was well documented in contrast to respiratory depression. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the potency of NPFF to block post-opioid respiratory depression, one of the main adverse effects of opioid therapy. Urethane-chloralose anaesthetized Wistar rats were injected either intravenously (iv) or intracerebroventricularly (icv) with various doses of NPFF prior to iv endomorphin-1 (EM-1) administration. Iv NPFF diminished the number of EM-1-induced apneas without affecting their length and without influence on the EM-1 induced blood pressure decline. Icv pretreatment with NPFF abolished the occurrence of post-EM-1 apneas and reduced also the maximal drop in blood pressure and heart rate. These effects were completely blocked by the NPFF receptor antagonist RF9, which was given as a mixture with NPFF before systemic EM-1 administration. In conclusion, our results showed that centrally administered neuropeptide FF is effective in preventing apnea evoked by stimulation of μ-opioid receptors and the effect was due to activation of central NPFF receptors. Our finding indicates a potential target for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression.
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Cellular Signaling and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Prolactin-Releasing Peptide and Its Analog on SH-SY5Y Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176343. [PMID: 32882929 PMCID: PMC7503370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), a natural ligand for the GPR10 receptor, is a neuropeptide with anorexigenic and antidiabetic properties. Due to its role in the regulation of food intake, PrRP is a potential drug for obesity treatment and associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, the neuroprotective effects of lipidized PrRP analogs have been proven. In this study, we focused on the molecular mechanisms of action of natural PrRP31 and its lipidized analog palm11-PrRP31 in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y to describe their cellular signaling and possible anti-apoptotic properties. PrRP31 significantly upregulated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase-protein kinase B/Akt (PI3K-PKB/Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/cAMP response element-binding protein (ERK-CREB) signaling pathways that promote metabolic cell survival and growth. In addition, we proved via protein kinase inhibitors that activation of signaling pathways is mediated specifically by PrRP31 and its palmitoylated analog. Furthermore, the potential neuroprotective properties were studied through activation of anti-apoptotic pathways of PrRP31 and palm11-PrRP31 using the SH-SY5Y cell line and rat primary neuronal culture stressed with toxic methylglyoxal (MG). The results indicate increased viability of the cells treated with PrRP and palm11-PrRP31 and a reduced degree of apoptosis induced by MG, suggesting their potential use in the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Nguyen T, Marusich J, Li JX, Zhang Y. Neuropeptide FF and Its Receptors: Therapeutic Applications and Ligand Development. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12387-12402. [PMID: 32673481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous neuropeptide FF (NPFF) and its two cognate G protein-coupled receptors, Neuropeptide FF Receptors 1 and 2 (NPFFR1 and NPFFR2), represent a relatively new target system for many therapeutic applications including pain regulation, modulation of opioid side effects, drug reward, anxiety, cardiovascular conditions, and other peripheral effects. Since the cloning of NPFFR1 and NPFFR2 in 2000, significant progress has been made to understand their pharmacological roles and interactions with other receptor systems, notably the opioid receptors. A variety of NPFFR ligands with different mechanisms of action (agonists or antagonists) have been discovered although with limited subtype selectivities. Differential pharmacological effects have been observed for many of these NPFFR ligands, depending on assays/models employed and routes of administration. In this Perspective, we highlight the therapeutic potentials, current knowledge gaps, and latest updates of the development of peptidic and small molecule NPFFR ligands as tool compounds and therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Nguyen
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Julie Marusich
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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15
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King TI, Roewekamp AC, Sharma A, Harrison S, Mesangeau C, Mottinelli M, Kamble SH, McCurdy CR, Avery BA. Bioanalytical method development and validation of MES207, a neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist, and its application in preclinical pharmacokinetics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1134-1135:121875. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Hammoud H, Elhabazi K, Quillet R, Bertin I, Utard V, Laboureyras E, Bourguignon JJ, Bihel F, Simonnet G, Simonin F, Schmitt M. Aminoguanidine Hydrazone Derivatives as Nonpeptide NPFF1 Receptor Antagonists Reverse Opioid Induced Hyperalgesia. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2599-2609. [PMID: 29727163 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide FF receptors (NPFF1R and NPFF2R) and their endogenous ligand neuropeptide FF have been shown previously to display antiopioid properties and to play a critical role in the adverse effects associated with chronic administrations of opiates including the development of opioid-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance. In this work, we sought to identify novel NPFF receptors ligands by focusing our interest in a series of heterocycles as rigidified nonpeptide NPFF receptor ligands, starting from already described aminoguanidine hydrazones (AGHs). Binding experiments and functional assays highlighted AGH 1n and its rigidified analogue 2-amino-dihydropyrimidine 22e for in vivo experiments. As shown earlier with the prototypical dipeptide antagonist RF9, both 1n and 22e reduced significantly the long lasting fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia in rodents. Altogether these data indicate that AGH rigidification maintains nanomolar affinities for both NPFF receptors, while improving antagonist character toward NPFF1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hammoud
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS,
UMR7200, Faculty of Pharmacy, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Khadija Elhabazi
- Université
de Strasbourg, CNRS, Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, UMR
7242, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Raphäelle Quillet
- Université
de Strasbourg, CNRS, Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, UMR
7242, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Isabelle Bertin
- Université
de Strasbourg, CNRS, Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, UMR
7242, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Valérie Utard
- Université
de Strasbourg, CNRS, Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, UMR
7242, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Emilie Laboureyras
- Homéostasie-Allostasie-Pathologie-Réhabilitation,
UMR 5287 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Bourguignon
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS,
UMR7200, Faculty of Pharmacy, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Frédéric Bihel
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS,
UMR7200, Faculty of Pharmacy, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Guy Simonnet
- Homéostasie-Allostasie-Pathologie-Réhabilitation,
UMR 5287 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Simonin
- Université
de Strasbourg, CNRS, Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, UMR
7242, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Martine Schmitt
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS,
UMR7200, Faculty of Pharmacy, F-67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
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17
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Zhang W, Wang L, Yu X, Jia A, Ming J, Ji Q. RFamide-related peptide-3 promotes alpha TC1 clone 6 cell survival likely via GPR147. Peptides 2018; 107:39-44. [PMID: 30081043 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to islet alpha cell mass and viability. Several types of RFamide-related peptides (RFRPs) are involved in regulating proliferation and function of islet cells. However, current understanding of the role of RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) in pancreatic alpha cells is limited. Therefore, we investigated the expression of the RFRP-3 receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 147 (GPR147), in mouse islets and alpha TC1 clone 6 cells, and evaluated the function of RFRP-3 on alpha cells. We show that GPR147 is expressed in mouse islets and alpha cell lines. In addition, RFRP-3 promotes survival of alpha cells under conditions of hyperglycemia and serum starvation. Mechanistic evidence demonstrates that RFRP-3 activated PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling cascades and treatment with an antagonist of GPR147, 1-adamantanecarbonyl-Arg-Phe-NH₂ (RF9) blocked this function. These findings indicate a novel effect of RFRP-3 in promoting alpha cell survival, likely via GPR147.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 169 Changle Road West, 710032, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 169 Changle Road West, 710032, China
| | - Xinwen Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 169 Changle Road West, 710032, China
| | - Aihua Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 169 Changle Road West, 710032, China
| | - Jie Ming
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 169 Changle Road West, 710032, China
| | - Qiuhe Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 169 Changle Road West, 710032, China.
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18
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Csabafi K, Bagosi Z, Dobó É, Szakács J, Telegdy G, Szabó G. Kisspeptin modulates pain sensitivity of CFLP mice. Peptides 2018; 105:21-27. [PMID: 29709623 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Kisspeptin, a hypothalamic neuropeptide, is a member of the RF-amide family, which have been known to modify pain sensitivity in rodents. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of kisspeptin-13 (KP-13), an endogenous derivative of kisspeptin, on nociception in adult male and female CFLP mice and the possible interaction of KP-13 with morphine on nociception. Mice were injected with different doses of KP-13, 30, 60 and 120 min after of which the nociceptive sensitivity were assessed via the tail-flick test. To investigate the receptor involved in the mediation a kisspeptin receptor antagonist (KP-234) pretreatment was applied before KP-13 administration. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of KP-13 on the acute antinociceptive effect of morphine, on acute morphine tolerance and on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. Last, the Von Frey test was used in order to assess KP-13's effect on mechanical nociception. Our results showed that KP-13 decreased the nociceptive threshold of both males and females independent of sex, which was prevented by KP-234. Furthermore, KP-13 treatment depressed the acute antinociceptive effect of morphine and attenuated the development of morphine tolerance. KP-13 also induced a mechanical hypersensitivity. These data underlie kisspeptin's hyperalgesic action and argues for the role of kisspeptin receptor 1 in the mediation of its action. Furthermore, our results suggest that central KP-13 administration can modify the acute effects of morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Csabafi
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, 6701, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Bagosi
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, 6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Dobó
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, 6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Júlia Szakács
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, 6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyula Telegdy
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, 6701, Szeged, Hungary; Neuroscience Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, 6701, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyula Szabó
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, 6701, Szeged, Hungary
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Ullah R, Batool A, Wazir M, Naz R, Rahman TU, Wahab F, Shahab M, Fu J. Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone and RF9 stimulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adult male rhesus monkeys. Neuropeptides 2017; 66:1-7. [PMID: 28757099 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stress activates gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) and represses hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG-axis) but RF9 administration relieves stress-induced repression of the HPG-axis. Importantly, it was not known whether GnIH signaling and RF9 synthetic peptide modulate the HPA axis. To assess this, mammalian orthologs of GnIH (RFRP-1 and RFRP-3) and RF9 were administered to intact adult male rhesus monkeys. RFRP-1 (125μg/animal), RFRP-3 (250μg/animal) and RF9 (0.1mg/kg BW) were intravenously (iv) injected into normal fed (n=4) monkeys. Additionally, a single bolus iv injection of RF9 (0.1mg/kg BW) was also administered to 48h fasted monkeys (n=4) to check the effects of RF9 signaling on an activated HPA-axis. Serial blood samples were collected, centrifuged and the obtained plasma was used for the analysis of cortisol by specific enzyme immunoassay. RFRP-1 treatment significantly increased cortisol levels while RFRP-3 increased the plasma cortisol, but the effect was non-significant. RF9 treatment significantly increased cortisol levels in normal fed animals. In contrast, RF9 injection did not significantly alter circulating cortisol in fasted monkeys. In conclusion, our results suggest stimulatory action of RFRPs and RF9 on the HPA axis in the adult male monkeys. However, the mechanism and site of action of RFRP-1 and RF9 along the HPA-axis is still unknown. Therefore, further studies are needed to decipher the mechanism and site of action of RFRPs and RF9 on the HPA axis in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Ullah
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310051, China; Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aalia Batool
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Madiha Wazir
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Naz
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanzil Ur Rahman
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fazal Wahab
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Shahab
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310051, China.
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20
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Mezei Z, Váczi S, Török V, Stumpf C, Ónody R, Földesi I, Szabó G. Effects of kisspeptin on diabetic rat platelets. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1319-1326. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and free radicals result in platelet activation and atherogenesis. Kisspeptin (KP) is able to regulate metabolism, hemostasis, and the development of atherosclerosis. We examined whether platelet aggregation of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats depends on the inducer type and if KP-13 and RF-9 (a kisspeptin receptor modifier) can influence platelet function. We measured the speed and the maximum of aggregation, along with the area under the curve. Serum glucose and calcium levels and urine formation of diabetic animals increased, while the body mass and platelet count decreased. Collagen was the most effective inducer of platelet aggregation. The aggregability of nondiabetic platelets was elevated in the presence of 5 × 10−8 mol/L KP-13. This effect was less expressed in diabetic animals. The effectivity of RF-9 was stronger than that of KP-13 in nondiabetic platelets, however it was ineffective in diabetic animals. RF-9 pre-treatment did not change the effects of 5 × 10−8 mol/L KP-13 in either animal group. The in vivo activation of diabetic platelets, which may be due to elevated serum calcium, induces thrombocytopenia and may lead to reduced in vitro aggregability. We could not demonstrate the antagonistic effect of RF-9 against KP-13 in isolated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Mezei
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Váczi
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Viktória Török
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Stumpf
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rita Ónody
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Földesi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyula Szabó
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
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21
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Nguyen T, Decker AM, Langston TL, Mathews KM, Siemian JN, Li JX, Harris DL, Runyon SP, Zhang Y. Discovery of Novel Proline-Based Neuropeptide FF Receptor Antagonists. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2290-2308. [PMID: 28737888 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide FF (NPFF) system has been implicated in a number of physiological processes including modulating the pharmacological activity of opioid analgesics and several other classes of drugs of abuse. In this study, we report the discovery of a novel proline scaffold with antagonistic activity at the NPFF receptors through a high throughput screening campaign using a functional calcium mobilization assay. Focused structure-activity relationship studies on the initial hit 1 have resulted in several analogs with calcium mobilization potencies in the submicromolar range and modest selectivity for the NPFF1 receptor. Affinities and potencies of these compounds were confirmed in radioligand binding and functional cAMP assays. Two compounds, 16 and 33, had good solubility and blood-brain barrier permeability that fall within the range of CNS permeant candidates without the liability of being a P-glycoprotein substrate. Finally, both compounds reversed fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia in rats when administered intraperitoneally. Together, these results point to the potential of these proline analogs as promising NPFF receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Nguyen
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Ann M. Decker
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Tiffany L. Langston
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Kelly M. Mathews
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Justin N. Siemian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
| | - Danni L. Harris
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Scott P. Runyon
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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22
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Lin YT, Yu YL, Hong WC, Yeh TS, Chen TC, Chen JC. NPFFR2 Activates the HPA Axis and Induces Anxiogenic Effects in Rodents. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081810. [PMID: 28825666 PMCID: PMC5578197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) belongs to the RFamide family and is known as a morphine-modulating peptide. NPFF regulates various hypothalamic functions through two receptors, NPFFR1 and NPFFR2. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis participates in physiological stress response by increasing circulating glucocorticoid levels and modulating emotional responses. Other RFamide peptides, including neuropeptide AF, neuropeptide SF and RFamide related peptide also target NPFFR1 or NPFFR2, and have been reported to activate the HPA axis and induce anxiety- or depression-like behaviors. However, little is known about the action of NPFF on HPA axis activity and anxiety-like behaviors, and the role of the individual receptors remains unclear. In this study, NPFFR2 agonists were used to examine the role of NPFFR2 in activating the HPA axis in rodents. Administration of NPFFR2 agonists, dNPA (intracerebroventricular, ICV) and AC-263093 (intraperitoneal, IP), time-dependently (in rats) and dose-dependently (in mice) increased serum corticosteroid levels and the effects were counteracted by the NPFF receptor antagonist, RF9 (ICV), as well as corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist, α-helical CRF(9-41) (intravenous, IV). Treatment with NPFFR2 agonist (AC-263093, IP) increased c-Fos protein expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and induced an anxiogenic effect, which was evaluated in mice using an elevated plus maze. These findings reveal, for the first time, that the direct action of hypothalamic NPFFR2 stimulates the HPA axis and triggers anxiety-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Tin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wenhwa 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Lian Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chen Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Shiuan Yeh
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Chun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Chung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wenhwa 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fusing St., Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
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23
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Pražienková V, Holubová M, Pelantová H, Bugáňová M, Pirník Z, Mikulášková B, Popelová A, Blechová M, Haluzík M, Železná B, Kuzma M, Kuneš J, Maletínská L. Impact of novel palmitoylated prolactin-releasing peptide analogs on metabolic changes in mice with diet-induced obesity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183449. [PMID: 28820912 PMCID: PMC5562305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Analogs of anorexigenic neuropeptides, such as prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), have a potential as new anti-obesity drugs. In our previous study, palmitic acid attached to the N-terminus of PrRP enabled its central anorexigenic effects after peripheral administration. In this study, two linkers, γ-glutamic acid at Lys11 and a short, modified polyethylene glycol at the N-terminal Ser and/or Lys11, were applied for the palmitoylation of PrRP31 to improve its bioavailability. These analogs had a high affinity and activation ability to the PrRP receptor GPR10 and the neuropeptide FF2 receptor, as well as short-term anorexigenic effect similar to PrRP palmitoylated at the N-terminus. Two-week treatment with analogs that were palmitoylated through linkers to Lys11 (analogs 1 and 2), but not with analog modified both at the N-terminus and Lys11 (analog 3) decreased body and liver weights, insulin, leptin, triglyceride, cholesterol and free fatty acid plasma levels in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Moreover, the expression of uncoupling protein-1 was increased in brown fat suggesting an increase in energy expenditure. In addition, treatment with analogs 1 and 2 but not analog 3 significantly decreased urinary concentrations of 1-methylnicotinamide and its oxidation products N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide and N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, as shown by NMR-based metabolomics. This observation confirmed the previously reported increase in nicotinamide derivatives in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and the effectiveness of analogs 1 and 2 in the treatment of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Pražienková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Holubová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bugáňová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Pirník
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Human and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Mikulášková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Popelová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Blechová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Haluzík
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Železná
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kuneš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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24
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Mikulášková B, Zemenová J, Pirník Z, Pražienková V, Bednárová L, Železná B, Maletínská L, Kuneš J. Effect of palmitoylated prolactin-releasing peptide on food intake and neural activation after different routes of peripheral administration in rats. Peptides 2016; 75:109-17. [PMID: 26643957 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is an escalating epidemic, but an effective non-invasive therapy is still scarce. For obesity treatment, anorexigenic neuropeptides are promising tools, but their delivery from the periphery to the brain is complicated by their peptide character. In order to overcome this unfavorable fact, we have applied the lipidization of neuropeptide prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), whose strong anorexigenic effect was demonstrated. A palmitoylated analog of human PrRP (h palm-PrRP31) was injected in free-fed Wistar rats by three routes: subcutaneous (s.c.), intraperitoneal (i.p) (both 5 mg/kg) and intravenous (i.v.) (from 0.01 to 0.5 mg/kg). We found a circulating compound in the blood after all three applications with the highest concentration after i.v. administration. This corresponds to the effect on food intake, which was also strongest after i.v. injection. Moreover, this is in agreement with the fact that the expression of c-Fos in specific brain regions involved in food intake regulation was also highest after intravenous application. Pharmacokinetic data are further supported by results obtained from dynamic light scattering and CD spectroscopy. Human palm-PrRP31 analog showed a strong tendency to micellize, and formation of aggregates suggested lower availability after i.p. or s.c. application. We have demonstrated that palm-PrRP influenced food intake even in free fed rats. Not surprisingly, the maximal effect was achieved after the intravenous application even though two orders of magnitude lower dose was used compared to both two other applications. We believe that palm-PrRP could have a potential as an antiobesity drug when its s.c. application would be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Mikulášková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Zemenová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Pirník
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Functional Neuromorphology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Department of Human and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Pražienková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Železná
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kuneš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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25
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Min L, Leon S, Li H, Pinilla L, Carroll RS, Tena-Sempere M, Kaiser UB. RF9 Acts as a KISS1R Agonist In Vivo and In Vitro. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4639-48. [PMID: 26418326 PMCID: PMC4655216 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RF9, a reported antagonist of the mammalian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone receptor, stimulates gonadotropin secretion in mammals. Recent studies have suggested that the stimulatory effect of RF9 on gonadotropin secretion relies on intact kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) signaling, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Using Chinese Hamster Ovary cells stably transfected with KISS1R, we show that RF9 binds specifically to KISS1R, with a Kd of 1.6 × 10(-5)M, and stimulates an increase in intracellular calcium and inositol phosphate accumulation in a KISS1R-dependent manner, with EC50 values of 3.0 × 10(-6)M and 1.6 × 10(-7)M, respectively. RF9 also stimulated ERK phosphorylation, with a time course similar to that of kisspeptin-10. RFRP-3, the putative endogenous ligand for NPFFR1, did not stimulate inositol phosphate accumulation or pERK, nor did it alter responses to of kisspeptin-10 or RF9. In agreement with these in vitro data, we found that RF9 stimulated a robust LH increase in Npffr1(-/-) mice, similar to that in wild-type littermates, whereas the stimulatory effect of RF9 was markedly reduced in Kiss1r(-/-) and double Kiss1r(-/-)/Npfrr1(-/-) mice. The stimulatory effect of RF9 on LH secretion was restored by the selective rescue of Kiss1r expression in GnRH neurons, in Kiss1r(-/-T) mice. Taken together, our study demonstrates that RF9 acts primarily as a KISS1R agonist, but not as an allosteric modulator, to stimulate LH secretion. Our findings raise questions regarding the utility of RF9 for assessing NPFF1R function and de-emphasize a predominant role of this signaling system in central regulation of reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Min
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Silvia Leon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Huan Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Leonor Pinilla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Rona S Carroll
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Ursula B Kaiser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
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26
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Kim JS, Brownjohn PW, Dyer BS, Beltramo M, Walker CS, Hay DL, Painter GF, Tyndall JDA, Anderson GM. Anxiogenic and Stressor Effects of the Hypothalamic Neuropeptide RFRP-3 Are Overcome by the NPFFR Antagonist GJ14. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4152-62. [PMID: 26259035 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) is a recently discovered neuropeptide that has been proposed to play a role in the stress response. We aimed to elucidate the role of RFRP-3 and its receptor, neuropeptide FF (NPFF1R), in modulation of stress and anxiety responses. To achieve this, we characterized a new NPFF1R antagonist because our results showed that the only commercially available putative antagonist, RF9, is in fact an agonist at both NPFF1R and the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R). We report here the identification and pharmacological characterization of GJ14, a true NPFFR antagonist. In in vivo tests of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, GJ14 completely blocked RFRP-3-induced corticosterone release and neuronal activation in CRH neurons. Furthermore, chronic infusion of GJ14 led to anxiolytic-like behavior, whereas RFRP-3 infusion had anxiogenic effects. Mice receiving chronic RFRP-3 infusion also had higher basal circulating corticosterone levels. These results indicate a stimulatory action of RFRP-3 on the HPA axis, consistent with the dense expression of NPFF1R in the vicinity of CRH neurons. Importantly, coinfusion of RFRP-3 and GJ14 completely reversed the anxiogenic and HPA axis-stimulatory effects of RFRP-3. Here we have established the role of RFRP-3 as a regulator of stress and anxiety. We also show that GJ14 can reverse the effects of RFRP-3 both in vitro and in vivo. Infusion of GJ14 causes anxiolysis, revealing a novel potential target for treating anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon S Kim
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Phil W Brownjohn
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Blake S Dyer
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Massimiliano Beltramo
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christopher S Walker
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Debbie L Hay
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Gavin F Painter
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Joel D A Tyndall
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Greg M Anderson
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (J.S.K., P.W.B., G.M.A.) and National School of Pharmacy (J.D.A.T.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Glycosyn (B.S.D.), Callaghan Innovation (B.S.D.), and The Ferrier Research Institute (G.F.P.), University of Wellington, Lower Hutt 5010, Victoria, New Zealand; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (M.B.), Nouzilly 37380, France; and School of Biological Sciences (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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27
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Sahin Z, Canpolat S, Ozcan M, Ozgocer T, Kelestimur H. Kisspeptin antagonist prevents RF9-induced reproductive changes in female rats. Reproduction 2015; 149:465-73. [PMID: 25713426 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the modulatory effects of peptide 234 (p234) (an antagonist of GPR54 receptors) on kisspeptin and RF9 (an RFamide-related peptide antagonist)-induced changes in reproductive functions and energy balance in female rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were weaned on postnatal day (pnd) 21. The animals were intracerebroventricularly cannulated under general anesthesia on pnd 23. Groups of female rats were injected with kisspeptin, RF9, p234, kisspeptin plus p234, or RF9 plus p234, daily. The experiments were ended on the day of first diestrus following pnd 60. Kisspeptin or RF9 alone advanced vaginal opening (VO), which was delayed by administration of kisspeptin antagonist alone. In the rats given kisspeptin plus p234 or RF9 plus p234, VO was not different from control rats. Kisspeptin and RF9 elicited significant elevations in circulating LH levels. Coadministrations of kisspeptin or RF9 with p234 decreased LH levels significantly. The use of p234 alone did not cause any significant change in LH secretion. Kisspeptin decreased both food intake and body weight while RF9 decreased only food intake without affecting body weight. The effects of kisspeptin on energy balance were also reversed by central administration of p234. In conclusion, kisspeptin antagonist, p234, modulates the effects of kisspeptin on reproductive functions and energy balance, whereas RF9 seems to exert only its effects on reproductive functions by means of GPR54 signaling in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Sahin
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineDepartment of BiophysicsMedical School, Firat University, Elazig 23119, TurkeyDepartment of PhysiologyMedical School, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sinan Canpolat
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineDepartment of BiophysicsMedical School, Firat University, Elazig 23119, TurkeyDepartment of PhysiologyMedical School, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mete Ozcan
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineDepartment of BiophysicsMedical School, Firat University, Elazig 23119, TurkeyDepartment of PhysiologyMedical School, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Tuba Ozgocer
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineDepartment of BiophysicsMedical School, Firat University, Elazig 23119, TurkeyDepartment of PhysiologyMedical School, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Haluk Kelestimur
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineDepartment of BiophysicsMedical School, Firat University, Elazig 23119, TurkeyDepartment of PhysiologyMedical School, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Sun Y, Chen X, Chen Z, Ma X, Li D, Shang P, Qian A. Neuropeptide FF attenuates RANKL-induced differentiation of macrophage-like cells into osteoclast-like cells. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:282-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Bray L, Froment C, Pardo P, Candotto C, Burlet-Schiltz O, Zajac JM, Mollereau C, Moulédous L. Identification and functional characterization of the phosphorylation sites of the neuropeptide FF2 receptor. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:33754-66. [PMID: 25326382 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.612614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide FF2 (NPFF2) receptor belongs to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors and mediates the effects of several related RFamide neuropeptides. One of the main pharmacological interests of this system resides in its ability to regulate endogenous opioid systems, making it a potential target to reduce the negative effects of chronic opioid use. Phosphorylation of intracellular residues is the most extensively studied post-translational modification regulating G protein-coupled receptor activity. However, until now, no information concerning NPFF2 receptor phosphorylation is available. In this study, we combined mass spectrometric analysis and site-directed mutagenesis to analyze for the first time the phosphorylation pattern of the NPFF2 receptor and the role of the various phosphorylation sites in receptor signaling, desensitization, and trafficking in a SH-SY5Y model cell line. We identified the major, likely GRK-dependent, phosphorylation cluster responsible for acute desensitization, (412)TNST(415) at the end of the C terminus of the receptor, and additional sites involved in desensitization ((372)TS(373)) and internalization (Ser(395)). We thus demonstrate the key role played by phosphorylation in the regulation of NPFF2 receptor activity and trafficking. Our data also provide additional evidence supporting the concept that desensitization and internalization are partially independent processes relying on distinct phosphorylation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Bray
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Froment
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Pardo
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Candotto
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marie Zajac
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Mollereau
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Lionel Moulédous
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR5089 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
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León S, García-Galiano D, Ruiz-Pino F, Barroso A, Manfredi-Lozano M, Romero-Ruiz A, Roa J, Vázquez MJ, Gaytan F, Blomenrohr M, van Duin M, Pinilla L, Tena-Sempere M. Physiological roles of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone signaling in the control of mammalian reproductive axis: studies in the NPFF1 receptor null mouse. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2953-65. [PMID: 24823392 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RF-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), the mammalian ortholog of the avian gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone (GnIH), operates via the NPFF1 receptor (NPFF1R) to repress the reproductive axis, therefore acting as counterpart of the excitatory RF-amide peptide, kisspeptin (ligand of Gpr54). In addition, RFRP-3 modulates feeding and might contribute to the integrative control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. Yet, the experimental evidence supporting these putative functions is mostly indirect, and the physiological roles of RFRP-3 remain debatable and obscured by the lack of proper analytical tools and models. To circumvent these limitations, we characterize herein the first mouse line with constitutive inactivation of NPFF1R. Ablation of NPFF1R did not compromise fertility; rather, litters from NPFF1R null mice were larger than those from wild-type animals. Pubertal timing was not altered in NPFF1R deficient mice; yet, pre-pubertal knockout (KO) males displayed elevated LH levels, which normalized after puberty. Adult NPFF1R null male mice showed increased Kiss1 expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, higher serum FSH levels, and enhanced LH responses to GnRH. However, genetic elimination of NPFF1R was unable to reverse the state of hypogonadism caused by the lack of kisspeptin signaling, as revealed by double NPFF1R/Gpr54 KO mice. NPFF1R null mice displayed altered feedback responses to gonadal hormone withdrawal. In addition, metabolic challenges causing gonadotropin suppression, such as short-term fasting and high-fat diet, were less effective in dampening LH secretion in NPFF1R-deficient male mice, suggesting that absence of this inhibitory pathway partially prevented gonadotropin suppression by metabolic stress. Our data are the first to document the impact of elimination of GnIH signaling on reproductive parameters and their modulation by metabolic challenges. Whereas, in keeping with its inhibitory role, the NPFF1R pathway seems dispensable for preserved puberty and fertility, our results surface different alterations due to the lack of GnIH signaling that prominently include changes in the sensitivity to fasting- and obesity-associated hypogonadotropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia León
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III; and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Intraamygdaloid microinjection of RFamide-related peptide-3 decreases food intake in rats. Brain Res Bull 2014; 107:61-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sun YL, Zhang XY, Sun T, He N, Li JY, Zhuang Y, Zeng Q, Yu J, Fang Q, Wang R. The anti-inflammatory potential of neuropeptide FF in vitro and in vivo. Peptides 2013; 47:124-32. [PMID: 23856454 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) has many functions in regulating various biological processes. However, little attention has been focused on the anti-inflammatory effect of this peptide. In the present study, the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of NPFF in both primary peritoneal macrophages and RAW 264.7 macrophages was investigated. Our data showed that NPFF suppressed the nitric oxide (NO) production of macrophages in the inflammation process. RF9, a reported antagonist of NPFF receptors, completely blocked the NPFF-induced NO suppression, suggesting a NPFF receptors-mediated pathway is mainly involved. Down-regulation of the nitric oxide synthases significantly inhibited the NPFF-induced NO reduction, indicating the involvement of nitric oxide synthases. However, the nitric oxide synthases were not the only route by which NPFF modulated the NO levels of macrophages. Pharmacological antagonists of the NF-κB signal pathway also completely suppressed the NPFF-induced NO decline. Moreover, we also observed that NPFF is capable of blocking the LPS-induced nuclear translocation of p65 in macrophages, implying the involvement of the NF-κB signal pathway. Finally, we observed that NPFF markedly attenuated the carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema, indicating that NPFF is capable of exerting anti-inflammatory potency in vivo. Collectively, our findings reveal the potential role of NPFF in the anti-inflammatory field both in vitro and in vivo, which will be helpful for the further exploitation of NPFF utility therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Sun
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology & Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tian Shui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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The Role of Neurotransmitters in Protection against Amyloid- β Toxicity by KiSS-1 Overexpression in SH-SY5Y Neurons. ISRN NEUROSCIENCE 2013; 2013:253210. [PMID: 24967306 PMCID: PMC4045539 DOI: 10.1155/2013/253210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that the kisspeptin (KP) and kissorphin (KSO) peptides have neuroprotective actions against the Alzheimer's amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Overexpression of the human KiSS-1 gene that codes for KP and KSO peptides in SH-SY5Y neurons has also been shown to inhibit Aβ neurotoxicity. The in vivo actions of KP include activation of neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter systems. The present study used antagonists of KP, neuropeptide FF (NPFF), opioids, oxytocin, estrogen, adrenergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors plus inhibitors of catalase, cyclooxygenase, nitric oxide synthase, and the mitogen activated protein kinase cascade to characterize the KiSS-1 gene overexpression neuroprotection against Aβ cell model. The results showed that KiSS-1 overexpression is neuroprotective against Aβ and the action appears to involve the KP or KSO peptide products of KiSS-1 processing. The mechanism of neuroprotection does not involve the activation of the KP or NPFF receptors. Opioids play a role in the toxicity of Aβ in the KiSS-1 overexpression system and opioid antagonists naloxone or naltrexone inhibited Aβ toxicity. The mechanism of KiSS-1 overexpression induced protection against Aβ appears to have an oxytocin plus a cyclooxygenase dependent component, with the oxytocin antagonist atosiban and the cyclooxygenase inhibitor SC-560 both enhancing the toxicity of Aβ.
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Immunolocalization of Kisspeptin Associated with Amyloid-β Deposits in the Pons of an Alzheimer's Disease Patient. JOURNAL OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES 2013; 2013:879710. [PMID: 26317001 PMCID: PMC4437339 DOI: 10.1155/2013/879710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The pons region of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain is one of the last to show amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits and has been suggested to contain neuroprotective compounds. Kisspeptin (KP) is a hormone that activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and has been suggested to be neuroprotective against Aβ toxicity. The localization of KP, plus the established endogenous neuroprotective compounds corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and catalase, in tissue sections from the pons region of a male AD subject has been determined in relation to Aβ deposits. Results showed Aβ deposits also stained with KP, CRH, and catalase antibodies. At high magnification the staining of deposits was either KP or catalase positive, and there was only a limited area of the deposits with KP-catalase colocalization. The CRH does not bind Aβ, whilst both KP and catalase can bind Aβ, suggesting that colocalization in Aβ deposits is not restricted to compounds that directly bind Aβ. The neuroprotective actions of KP, CRH, and catalase were confirmed in vitro, and fibrillar Aβ preparations were shown to stimulate the release of KP in vitro. In conclusion, neuroprotective KP, CRH, and catalase all colocalize with Aβ plaque-like deposits in the pons region from a male AD subject.
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