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Liu X, Ding Y, Jiang C, Xin Y, Ma X, Xu M, Wang Q, Hou B, Li Y, Zhang S, Shao B. Astragaloside IV mediates radiation-induced neuronal damage through activation of BDNF-TrkB signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155803. [PMID: 38876008 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electromagnetic radiation is relevant to human life, and radiation can trigger neurodegenerative diseases by altering the function of the central nervous system through oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and protein degradation. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, activates the BDNF-TrkB pathway and enhances synaptic plasticity in radiated mice, which can exert its neuroprotection. However, the exact molecular mechanisms are still unclear. PURPOSE This study investigated whether AS-IV could play a neuroprotective role by regulating BDNF-TrkB pathway in radiation damage and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Transgenic mice (Thy1-YFP line H) were injected with AS-IV (40 mg/kg/day body weight) by intraperitoneal injection daily for 4 weeks, followed by X-rays. PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons were also exposed to UVA after 24 h of AS-IV treatment (25 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml) in vitro. The impact of radiation on learning and cognitive functions was visualized in the Morris water maze assay. Subsequently, Immunofluorescence and Golgi-Cox staining analyses were utilized to investigate the structural damage of neuronal dendrites and the density of dendritic spines. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to examine how the radiation affected the ultrastructure of neurons. Finally, western blotting analysis and Quantitative RT-PCR were used to evaluate the expression levels and locations of proteins in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Radiation induced BDNF-TrkB signaling dysregulation and decreased the levels of neuron-related functional genes (Ngf, Bdnf, Gap-43, Ras, Psd-95, Arc, Creb, c-Fos), PSD-95 and F-actin, which subsequently led to damage of neuronal ultrastructure and dendrites, loss of dendritic spines, and decreased dendritic complexity index, contributing to spatial learning and memory deficits. These abnormalities were prevented by AS-IV treatment. In addition, TrkB receptor antagonists antagonized these neuroprotective actions of AS-IV. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone and AS-IV had neuroprotective effects after radiation. CONCLUSION AS-IV inhibits morphological damage of neurons and cognitive dysfunction in mice after radiation exposure, resulting in a neuroprotective effect, which were mediated by activating the BDNF-TrkB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Yanping Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Chenxin Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Xin
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Min Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Qianhao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Boru Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Yingdong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Shengxiang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Baoping Shao
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China.
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Ivins B, Risling M, Wisén N, Schwab K, Rostami E. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Maturing Brain: An Investigation of Symptoms and Cognitive Performance in Soldiers Returning From Afghanistan and Iraq. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2024; 39:304-317. [PMID: 38059837 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The majority of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are classified as mild and occur in young individuals. The course of recovery varies but can result in chronic or troubling outcomes. The impact of age on TBI outcomes in young adults before complete brain maturation is not well studied. METHODS In this study, we compared the effects of mild TBI on cognitive performance and self-reported TBI symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 903 soldiers in 3 different age groups: 24 years or younger, 25 to 27 years, and 28 to 40 years. The soldiers had returned from war zones in Iraq and were screened for TBI within a few days of return. Cognitive performance was measured with the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics of Military TBI Version 4 (ANAM4). Symptoms associated with mild TBI were self-reported on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory, and the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). RESULTS Soldiers with TBI in every age group had significantly higher prevalence of most symptoms than those with no TBI. Soldiers with TBI also reported more chronic pain sites, regardless of age. Soldiers aged 28 to 40 years with TBI had the lowest cognitive performance scores (ANAM) across several subtests, both unadjusted and adjusted. The Global Deficit Score was significantly higher for soldiers aged 28 to 40 years and 25 to 27 years with TBI than for soldiers younger than 24 years with no TBI. After adjusting for PTSD symptoms, education, and number of lifetime TBIs, the overall test battery mean for soldiers aged 28 to 40 years with TBI was significantly lower than for soldiers younger than 24 years with no TBI. CONCLUSION Soldiers with mild TBI in the younger age group show more symptoms associated to frontal lobe function while soldiers in the older group suffer more cognitive impairment. This may warrant further study as it may indicate a propensity to later cognitive decline among soldiers who were older at the time of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Ivins
- Author Affiliations: Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence, Silver Spring, Maryland (Mr Ivins); GDIT, Fairfax, Virginia (Mr Ivins); Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland (Dr Schwab); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (Drs Risling and Rostami, and Mr Wisén); and Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (Dr Rostami)
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Treble-Barna A, Petersen BA, Stec Z, Conley YP, Fink EL, Kochanek PM. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury and Recovery. Biomolecules 2024; 14:191. [PMID: 38397427 PMCID: PMC10886547 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We review emerging preclinical and clinical evidence regarding brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein, genotype, and DNA methylation (DNAm) as biomarkers of outcomes in three important etiologies of pediatric acquired brain injury (ABI), traumatic brain injury, global cerebral ischemia, and stroke. We also summarize evidence suggesting that BDNF is (1) involved in the biological embedding of the psychosocial environment, (2) responsive to rehabilitative therapies, and (3) potentially modifiable. BDNF's unique potential as a biomarker of neuroplasticity and neural repair that is reflective of and responsive to both pre- and post-injury environmental influences separates it from traditional protein biomarkers of structural brain injury with exciting potential to advance pediatric ABI management by increasing the accuracy of prognostic tools and informing clinical decision making through the monitoring of therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amery Treble-Barna
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.A.P.); (Z.S.)
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.L.F.); (P.M.K.)
| | - Bailey A. Petersen
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.A.P.); (Z.S.)
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.L.F.); (P.M.K.)
| | - Zachary Stec
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.A.P.); (Z.S.)
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- Department of Health Promotion & Development, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Ericka L. Fink
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.L.F.); (P.M.K.)
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (E.L.F.); (P.M.K.)
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Fleischer AW, Fox LC, Davies DR, Vinzant NJ, Scholl JL, Forster GL. Sub-region expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the dorsal hippocampus and amygdala is Affected by mild traumatic brain injury and stress in male rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23339. [PMID: 38169784 PMCID: PMC10758828 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The US population suffers 1.5 million head injuries annually, of which mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) comprise 75%. Many individuals subsequently experience long-lasting negative symptoms, including anxiety. Previous rat-based work in our laboratory has shown that mTBI changes neuronal counts in the hippocampus and amygdala, regions associated with anxiety. Specifically, mTBI increased neuronal death in the dorsal CA1 sub-region of the hippocampus, but attenuated it in the medial (MeA) and the basolateral nuclei of the amygdala nine days following injury, which was associated with greater anxiety. We have also shown that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonism prior to concomitant stress and mTBI extinguishes anxiety-like behaviors. Using immunohistochemistry, this study examines the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) following social defeat and mTBI, and whether this is affected by prior glucocorticoid receptor antagonism as a potential mechanism behind these anxiety and neuronal differences. Here, stress and mTBI upregulate BDNF in the MeA, and both GR and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism downregulate BDNF in the dorsal hippocampal CA1 and dentate gyrus, as well as the central nucleus of the amygdala. These findings suggest BDNF plays a role in the mechanism underlying neuronal changes following mTBI in amygdalar and hippocampal subregions, and may participate in stress elicited changes to neural plasticity in these regions. Taken together, these results suggest an essential role for BDNF in the development of anxiety behaviors following concurrent stress and mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W. Fleischer
- Center for Brain and Behavior Research, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine at the University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2441 East Hartford Ave., Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Laura C. Fox
- Center for Brain and Behavior Research, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine at the University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Daniel R. Davies
- Center for Brain and Behavior Research, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine at the University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Education, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nathan J. Vinzant
- Center for Brain and Behavior Research, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine at the University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jamie L. Scholl
- Center for Brain and Behavior Research, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine at the University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Gina L. Forster
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Wang Y, Liang J, Xu B, Yang J, Wu Z, Cheng L. TrkB/BDNF signaling pathway and its small molecular agonists in CNS injury. Life Sci 2024; 336:122282. [PMID: 38008209 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most prevalent neurotrophic factors in the central nervous system (CNS), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a significant role in CNS injury by binding to its specific receptor Tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB). The BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway is crucial for neuronal survival, structural changes, and plasticity. BDNF acts as an axonal growth and extension factor, a pro-survival factor, and a synaptic modulator in the CNS. BDNF also plays an important role in the maintenance and plasticity of neuronal circuits. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of BDNF in the treatment and recovery of neurodegenerative and neurotraumatic disorders. By undertaking in-depth study on the mechanism of BDNF/TrkB function, important novel therapeutic strategies for treating neuropsychiatric disorders have been discovered. In this review, we discuss the expression patterns and mechanisms of the TrkB/BDNF signaling pathway in CNS damage and introduce several intriguing small molecule TrkB receptor agonists produced over the previous several decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Wang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200072, China; Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200072, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Boyu Xu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200072, China; Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200072, China; Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhourui Wu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Liming Cheng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Mirzahosseini G, Adam JM, Nasoohi S, El-Remessy AB, Ishrat T. Lost in Translation: Neurotrophins Biology and Function in the Neurovascular Unit. Neuroscientist 2023; 29:694-714. [PMID: 35769016 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221104982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) refers to the functional building unit of the brain and the retina, where neurons, glia, and microvasculature orchestrate to meet the demand of the retina's and brain's function. Neurotrophins (NTs) are structural families of secreted proteins and are known for exerting neurotrophic effects on neuronal differentiation, survival, neurite outgrowth, synaptic formation, and plasticity. NTs include several molecules, such as nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NT-3, NT-4, and their precursors. Furthermore, NTs are involved in signaling pathways such as inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a nonneuronal cell type. Interestingly, NTs and the precursors can bind and activate the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) at low and high affinity. Mature NTs bind their cognate tropomyosin/tyrosine-regulated kinase receptors, crucial for maintenance and neuronal development in the brain and retina axis. Activation of p75NTR results in neuronal apoptosis and cell death, while tropomysin receptor kinase upregulation contributes to differentiation and cell growth. Recent findings indicate that modulation of NTs and their receptors contribute to neurovascular dysfunction in the NVU. Several chronic metabolic and acute ischemic diseases affect the NVU, including diabetic and ischemic retinopathy for the retina, as well as stroke, acute encephalitis, and traumatic brain injury for the brain. This work aims to review the current evidence through published literature studying the impact of NTs and their receptors, including the p75NTR receptor, on the injured and healthy brain-retina axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Mirzahosseini
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Justin Mark Adam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sanaz Nasoohi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Fioranelli M, Garo ML, Roccia MG, Prizbelek B, Sconci FR. Brain-Heart Axis: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cardiovascular Disease-A Review of Systematic Reviews. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2252. [PMID: 38137853 PMCID: PMC10744648 DOI: 10.3390/life13122252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brain-heart axis is an intra- and bidirectional complex that links central nervous system dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction. In recent decades, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a strategic molecule involved in both brain and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This systematic review of systematic reviews aimed to (1) identify and summarize the evidence for the BDNF genotype and BDNF concentration in CVD risk assessment, (2) evaluate the evidence for the use of BDNF as a biomarker of CVD recovery, and (3) evaluate rehabilitation approaches that can restore BDNF concentration. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was developed using PRISMA. The risk of bias was assessed via ROBIS. RESULTS Seven studies were identified, most of which aimed to evaluate the role of BDNF in stroke patients. Only two systematic reviews examined the association of BDNF concentration and polymorphism in CVDs other than stroke. CONCLUSIONS The overall evidence showed that BDNF plays a fundamental role in assessing the risk of CVD occurrence, because lower BDNF concentrations and rs6265 polymorphism are often associated with CVD. Nevertheless, much work remains to be carried out in current research to investigate how BDNF is modulated in different cardiovascular diseases and in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Fioranelli
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Maria Luisa Garo
- Istituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, Casa di Cura Sanatrix, 00199 Rome, Italy; (B.P.); (F.R.S.)
| | - Maria Grazia Roccia
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Bianca Prizbelek
- Istituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, Casa di Cura Sanatrix, 00199 Rome, Italy; (B.P.); (F.R.S.)
| | - Francesca Romana Sconci
- Istituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, Casa di Cura Sanatrix, 00199 Rome, Italy; (B.P.); (F.R.S.)
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Rajizadeh MA, Khaksari M, Bejeshk MA, Amirkhosravi L, Jafari E, Jamalpoor Z, Nezhadi A. The Role of Inhaled Estradiol and Myrtenol, Alone and in Combination, in Modulating Behavioral and Functional Outcomes Following Traumatic Experimental Brain Injury: Hemodynamic, Molecular, Histological and Behavioral Study. Neurocrit Care 2023; 39:478-498. [PMID: 37100976 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important and growing cause of disability worldwide, and its cognitive consequences may be particularly significant. This study assessed the neuroprotective impacts of estradiol (E2), myrtenol (Myr), and the combination of the two on the neurological outcome, hemodynamic parameters, learning and memory, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level, phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K/AKT) signaling, and inflammatory and oxidative factors in the hippocampus after TBI. METHODS Eighty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 groups with seven rats in each (six groups to measure intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, brain water content, and veterinary coma scale, and six groups for behavioral and molecular studies): sham, TBI, TBI/vehicle, TBI/Myr, TBI/E2, and TBI/Myr + E2 (Myr 50 mg/kg and E2 33.3 μg/kg via inhalation for 30 min after TBI induction). Brain injury was induced by using Marmarou's method. Briefly, a 300-g weight was dropped down from a 2-m height through a free-falling tube onto the head of the anesthetized animals. RESULTS Veterinary coma scale, learning and memory, brain water content, intracranial pressure, and cerebral perfusion pressure were impaired following TBI, and inflammation and oxidative stress were raised in the hippocampus after TBI. The BDNF level and PI3K/AKT signaling were impaired due to TBI. Inhalation of Myr and E2 had protective effects against all negative consequences of TBI by decreasing brain edema and the hippocampal content of inflammatory and oxidant factors and also by improving BDNF and PI3K/AKT in the hippocampus. Based on these data, there were no differences between alone and combination administrations. CONCLUSIONS Our results propose that Myr and E2 have neuroprotective effects on cognition impairments due to TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ladan Amirkhosravi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Pathology Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Nezhadi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Tyulmenkova A, Zwick A, Dillon T, Isgor C. Progressive generalized tonic-clonic seizures in a transgenic mouse model of adult-onset epilepsy: Implications for morphological changes in cortico-limbic and brainstem structures. Epilepsy Res 2023; 194:107178. [PMID: 37295319 PMCID: PMC10527249 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Video/cortical electroencephalography (EEG) is monitored to assess progressive severity of generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCSs) in a transgenic mouse model of adult-onset epilepsy with increased death risk. The mice overexpress the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the forebrain under the calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase 2a (termed TgBDNF) and develop GTCSs in response to tail suspension/cage agitation stimulation at 3-4 months of age. With successive GTCSs (a total of 16 across 10 weeks of assessment), seizures became more severe as evidenced by increased duration of postictal generalized EEG suppression (PGES) associated with loss of posture/consciousness. Mice also developed spike wave discharges with behavioral arrest during the seizure recovery that increased in duration as a function of number of GTCSs. Overall seizure duration (from preictal spike to offset of PGES) and ictal spectral power (full spectra) were also increased. Half of the TgBDNF mice expired following a long period of PGES at the last recorded GTCS. Seizure-evoked general arousal impairment was associated with a striking decrease in total number of gigantocellular neurons of the brainstem nucleus pontis oralis along with increase in volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsal dentate gyrus in severely convulsive TgBDNF mice compared to litter-matched WT controls and non-convulsive TgBDNF mice. The latter effect was accompanied with an increase in total number of hippocampal granule neurons. These results provide structure-function associations in an animal model of adult-onset GTCSs that progressively increase in severity with clinical relevance for sudden unexpected death following generalized seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Tyulmenkova
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Amanda Zwick
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Tashi Dillon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Ceylan Isgor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
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Mohamadzadeh O, Hajinouri M, Moammer F, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Omid Shafiei G, Jafari A, Ostadian A, Talaei Zavareh SA, Hamblin MR, Yazdi AJ, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs and Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Small Player with Big Actions. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4064-4083. [PMID: 37020123 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is an increasing concern regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide since substantial morbidity is observed after it, and the long-term consequences that are not yet fully recognized. A number of cellular pathways related to the secondary injury in brain have been identified, including free radical production (owing to mitochondrial dysfunction), excitotoxicity (regulated by excitatory neurotransmitters), apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory responses (as a result of activation of the immune system and central nervous system). In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) maintain a fundamental contribution to post-transcriptional regulation. It has been shown that mammalian brains express high levels of ncRNAs that are involved in several brain physiological processes. Furthermore, altered levels of ncRNA expression have been found in those with traumatic as well non-traumatic brain injuries. The current review highlights the primary molecular mechanisms participated in TBI that describes the latest and novel results about changes and role of ncRNAs in TBI in both clinical and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsasadat Hajinouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Moammer
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Ostadian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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11
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Fan J, Chen D, Wang N, Su R, Li H, Ma H, Gao F. Negative relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and attention: A possible elevation in BDNF level among high-altitude migrants. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1144959. [PMID: 37114226 PMCID: PMC10126458 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1144959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophic family that plays a vital role in regulating neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity in the brain, affects attention. However, studies investigating the association between BDNF and attention in long-term high-altitude (HA) migrants are limited in the literature. As HA affects both BDNF and attention, the relationship between these factors becomes more complex. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between peripheral blood concentrations of BDNF and the three attentional networks in both behavioral and electrical aspects of the brain in long-term HA migrants. Materials and methods Ninety-eight Han adults (mean age: 34.74 ± 3.48 years, 51 females and 47 males, all have lived at Lhasa for 11.30 ± 3.82 years) were recruited in this study. For all participants, the serum BDNF levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; event-related potentials (N1, P1, and P3) were recorded during the Attentional Networks Test, which was used as the measure of three attentional networks. Results Executive control scores were negatively correlated with P3 amplitude (r = -0.20, p = 0.044), and serum BDNF levels were positively correlated with executive control scores (r = 0.24, p = 0.019) and negatively correlated with P3 amplitude (r = -0.22, p = 0.027). Through grouping of BDNF levels and three attentional networks, executive control was found to be significantly higher in the high BDNF group than in the low BDNF group (p = 0.010). Different BDNF levels were associated with both orienting scores (χ2 = 6.99, p = 0.030) and executive control scores (χ2 = 9.03, p = 0.011). The higher the BDNF level, the worse was the executive function and the lower was the average P3 amplitude and vice versa. Females were found to have higher alerting scores than males (p = 0.023). Conclusion This study presented the relationship between BDNF and attention under HA. The higher the BDNF level, the worse was the executive control, suggesting that after long-term exposure to HA, hypoxia injury of the brain may occur in individuals with relatively higher BDNF levels, and this higher BDNF level may be the result of self-rehabilitation tackling the adverse effects brought by the HA environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Office of Safety and Health, Lhasa No. 1 Middle School, Lhasa, China
| | - Niannian Wang
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Rui Su
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
- *Correspondence: Hailin Ma
| | - Fei Gao
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Fei Gao
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12
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Song S, Kong X, Wang B, Sanchez-Ramos J. Recovery from Traumatic Brain Injury Following Treatment with Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Is Associated with Increased Expression of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor and Other Neurotrophic Factors. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 7:415-423. [PMID: 33998887 PMCID: PMC9418356 DOI: 10.1089/can.2020.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The hematopoietic cytokine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is well known to stimulate proliferation of blood stem/progenitor cells of the leukocyte lineage, but is also recognized as a neurotrophic factor involved in brain self-repair processes. G-CSF administration has been shown to promote recovery from experimental models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to modulate components of the endocannabinoid system (eCS). Conversely, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9THC) treatment of normal mice has been shown to increase blood levels of G-CSF in the periphery. Hypothesis: Administration of the phytocannabinoid Δ9THC will enhance brain repair following controlled cortical impact (CCI) by upregulating G-CSF and other neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF] and glial-derived neurotrophic factor [GDNF]) in brain regions. Materials and Methods: C57BL/6J mice underwent CCI and were treated for 3 days with THC 3 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Motor function on a rotarod was recorded at baseline and 3, 7, and 14 days after CCI. Groups of mice were euthanized at 7 and 14 days. G-CSF, BDNF, and GDNF expression were measured at 7 and 14 days in cerebral cortex, striatum, and hippocampus on the side of the trauma. Results: Δ9THC-treated mice ran on the rotarod longer than vehicle-treated mice and recovered to normal rotarod performance levels at 2 weeks. These mice, compared to vehicle-treated animals, exhibited significant upregulation of G-CSF as well as BDNF and GDNF in cerebral cortex, striatum, and hippocampus. Conclusion: Administration of the phytocannabinoid Δ9THC promotes significant recovery from TBI and is associated with upregulation of brain G-CSF, BDNF, and GDNF, neurotrophic factors previously shown to mediate brain self-repair following TBI and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Song
- James Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Bangmei Wang
- James Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Juan Sanchez-Ramos
- Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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13
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A 5-HT6R Agonist Alleviates Cognitive Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats by Increasing BDNF Expression. Behav Brain Res 2022; 433:113997. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Tessarollo L, Yanpallewar S. TrkB Truncated Isoform Receptors as Transducers and Determinants of BDNF Functions. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:847572. [PMID: 35321093 PMCID: PMC8934854 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.847572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the neurotrophin family of secreted growth factors and binds with high affinity to the TrkB tyrosine kinase receptors. BDNF is a critical player in the development of the central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous system of vertebrates and its strong pro-survival function on neurons has attracted great interest as a potential therapeutic target for the management of neurodegenerative disorders such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The TrkB gene, in addition to the full-length receptor, encodes a number of isoforms, including some lacking the catalytic tyrosine kinase domain. Importantly, one of these truncated isoforms, namely TrkB.T1, is the most widely expressed TrkB receptor in the adult suggesting an important role in the regulation of BDNF signaling. Although some progress has been made, the mechanism of TrkB.T1 function is still largely unknown. Here we critically review the current knowledge on TrkB.T1 distribution and functions that may be helpful to our understanding of how it regulates and participates in BDNF signaling in normal physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lino Tessarollo
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
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15
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Lin PH, Kuo LT, Luh HT. The Roles of Neurotrophins in Traumatic Brain Injury. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:life12010026. [PMID: 35054419 PMCID: PMC8780368 DOI: 10.3390/life12010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a collection of structurally and functionally related proteins. They play important roles in many aspects of neural development, survival, and plasticity. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to different levels of central nervous tissue destruction and cellular repair through various compensatory mechanisms promoted by the injured brain. Many studies have shown that neurotrophins are key modulators of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, blood–brain barrier permeability, memory capacity, and neurite regeneration. The expression of neurotrophins following TBI is affected by the severity of injury, genetic polymorphism, and different post-traumatic time points. Emerging research is focused on the potential therapeutic applications of neurotrophins in managing TBI. We conducted a comprehensive review by organizing the studies that demonstrate the role of neurotrophins in the management of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hung Lin
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Lu-Ting Kuo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Tzung Luh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-956279587
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16
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Effect of erythropoietin administration on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, stromal cell-derived Factor-1, and neuron-specific enolase in traumatic brain injury: A literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 69:102666. [PMID: 34429948 PMCID: PMC8371185 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and lifelong disability around the world that predominantly affects young and middle-aged people. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a promising therapeutic agent for a variety of neurological injuries including TBI due to its neuroprotective effects. Here we review the impact of exogenous erythropoietin administration on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels in cerebrospinal fluid after TBI as biomarkers for neuron regeneration and survival to predict TBI outcome.
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17
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Carmichael J, Hicks AJ, Spitz G, Gould KR, Ponsford J. Moderators of gene-outcome associations following traumatic brain injury. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 130:107-124. [PMID: 34411558 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The field of genomics is the principal avenue in the ongoing development of precision/personalised medicine for a variety of health conditions. However, relating genes to outcomes is notoriously complex, especially when considering that other variables can change, or moderate, gene-outcome associations. Here, we comprehensively discuss moderation of gene-outcome associations in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), a common, chronically debilitating, and costly neurological condition that is under complex polygenic influence. We focus our narrative review on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of three of the most studied genes (apolipoprotein E, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and catechol-O-methyltransferase) and on three demographic variables believed to moderate associations between these SNPs and TBI outcomes (age, biological sex, and ethnicity). We speculate on the mechanisms which may underlie these moderating effects, drawing widely from biomolecular and behavioural research (n = 175 scientific reports) within the TBI population (n = 72) and other neurological, healthy, ageing, and psychiatric populations (n = 103). We conclude with methodological recommendations for improved exploration of moderators in future genetics research in TBI and other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Carmichael
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - Amelia J Hicks
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Gershon Spitz
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kate Rachel Gould
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jennie Ponsford
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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18
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Treble-Barna A, Heinsberg LW, Puccio AM, Shaffer JR, Okonkwo DO, Beers SR, Weeks DE, Conley YP. Acute Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor DNA Methylation Trajectories in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Associations With Outcomes Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2021; 35:790-800. [PMID: 34167372 DOI: 10.1177/15459683211028245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background. Epigenetic biomarkers have the potential to explain outcome heterogeneity following traumatic brain injury (TBI) but are largely unexplored. Objective. This exploratory pilot study characterized brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) DNA methylation trajectories following severe TBI. Methods. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor DNA methylation trajectories in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) over the first 5 days following severe TBI in 112 adults were examined in association with 3- and 12-month outcomes. Results. Group-based trajectory analysis revealed low and high DNA methylation groups at two BDNF cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) targets that showed suggestive associations (P < .05) with outcomes. Membership in the high DNA methylation groups was associated with better outcomes after controlling for age, sex, and injury severity. Associations of age × trajectory group interactions with outcomes at a third CpG site revealed a pattern of the same or better outcomes with higher ages in the high DNA methylation group and worse outcomes with higher ages in the low DNA methylation group. Conclusions. Although no observed associations met the empirical significance threshold after correcting for multiple comparisons, suggestive associations of the main effect models were consistent in their direction of effect and were observed across two CpG sites and two outcome time points. Results suggest that higher acute CSF BDNF DNA methylation may promote recovery following severe TBI in adults, and this effect may be more robust with higher age. While the results require replication in larger and racially diverse independent samples, BDNF DNA methylation may serve as an early postinjury biomarker helping to explain outcome heterogeneity following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amery Treble-Barna
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lacey W Heinsberg
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Internal Medicine, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ava M Puccio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David O Okonkwo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sue R Beers
- Department of Psychiatry, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel E Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, 12317University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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19
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The Role of BDNF in Experimental and Clinical Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073582. [PMID: 33808272 PMCID: PMC8037220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world with no current pharmacological treatment. The role of BDNF in neural repair and regeneration is well established and has also been the focus of TBI research. Here, we review experimental animal models assessing BDNF expression following injury as well as clinical studies in humans including the role of BDNF polymorphism in TBI. There is a large heterogeneity in experimental setups and hence the results with different regional and temporal changes in BDNF expression. Several studies have also assessed different interventions to affect the BDNF expression following injury. Clinical studies highlight the importance of BDNF polymorphism in the outcome and indicate a protective role of BDNF polymorphism following injury. Considering the possibility of affecting the BDNF pathway with available substances, we discuss future studies using transgenic mice as well as iPSC in order to understand the underlying mechanism of BDNF polymorphism in TBI and develop a possible pharmacological treatment.
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20
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Neurotrophins Time Point Intervention after Traumatic Brain Injury: From Zebrafish to Human. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041585. [PMID: 33557335 PMCID: PMC7915547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains the leading cause of long-term disability, which annually involves millions of individuals. Several studies on mammals reported that neurotrophins could play a significant role in both protection and recovery of function following neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke and TBI. This protective role of neurotrophins after an event of TBI has also been reported in the zebrafish model. Nevertheless, reparative mechanisms in mammalian brain are limited, and newly formed neurons do not survive for a long time. In contrast, the brain of adult fish has high regenerative properties after brain injury. The evident differences in regenerative properties between mammalian and fish brain have been ascribed to remarkable different adult neurogenesis processes. However, it is not clear if the specific role and time point contribution of each neurotrophin and receptor after TBI is conserved during vertebrate evolution. Therefore, in this review, I reported the specific role and time point of intervention for each neurotrophic factor and receptor after an event of TBI in zebrafish and mammals.
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21
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Rhea EM, Logsdon AF, Banks WA, Erickson ME. Intranasal Delivery: Effects on the Neuroimmune Axes and Treatment of Neuroinflammation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111120. [PMID: 33233734 PMCID: PMC7699866 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the pre-clinical and clinical work performed to use intranasal delivery of various compounds from growth factors to stem cells to reduce neuroimmune interactions. We introduce the concept of intranasal (IN) delivery and the variations of this delivery method based on the model used (i.e., rodents, non-human primates, and humans). We summarize the literature available on IN delivery of growth factors, vitamins and metabolites, cytokines, immunosuppressants, exosomes, and lastly stem cells. We focus on the improvement of neuroimmune interactions, such as the activation of resident central nervous system (CNS) immune cells, expression or release of cytokines, and detrimental effects of signaling processes. We highlight common diseases that are linked to dysregulations in neuroimmune interactions, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Rhea
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (A.F.L.); (W.A.B.); (M.E.E.)
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-206-764-2938
| | - Aric F. Logsdon
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (A.F.L.); (W.A.B.); (M.E.E.)
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - William A. Banks
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (A.F.L.); (W.A.B.); (M.E.E.)
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michelle E. Erickson
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (A.F.L.); (W.A.B.); (M.E.E.)
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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22
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Chung D, Shum A, Caraveo G. GAP-43 and BASP1 in Axon Regeneration: Implications for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:567537. [PMID: 33015061 PMCID: PMC7494789 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.567537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and brain acid-soluble protein 1 (BASP1) regulate actin dynamics and presynaptic vesicle cycling at axon terminals, thereby facilitating axonal growth, regeneration, and plasticity. These functions highly depend on changes in GAP-43 and BASP1 expression levels and post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation. Interestingly, examinations of GAP-43 and BASP1 in neurodegenerative diseases reveal alterations in their expression and phosphorylation profiles. This review provides an overview of the structural properties, regulations, and functions of GAP-43 and BASP1, highlighting their involvement in neural injury response and regeneration. By discussing GAP-43 and BASP1 in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, we also explore the therapeutic potential of modulating their activities to compensate for neuron loss in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daayun Chung
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrew Shum
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gabriela Caraveo
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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23
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Treble-Barna A, Patronick J, Uchani S, Marousis NC, Zigler CK, Fink EL, Kochanek PM, Conley YP, Yeates KO. Epigenetic Effects on Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery (EETR): An Observational, Prospective, Longitudinal Concurrent Cohort Study Protocol. Front Neurol 2020; 11:460. [PMID: 32595586 PMCID: PMC7303323 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Unexplained heterogeneity in outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most critical barriers to the development of effective prognostic tools and therapeutics. The addition of personal biological factors to our prediction models may account for a significant portion of unexplained variance and advance the field toward precision rehabilitation medicine. The overarching goal of the Epigenetic Effects on Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery (EETR) study is to investigate an epigenetic biomarker involved in both childhood adversity and postinjury neuroplasticity to better understand heterogeneity in neurobehavioral outcomes following pediatric TBI. Our primary hypothesis is that childhood adversity will be associated with worse neurobehavioral recovery in part through an epigenetically mediated reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in response to TBI. Methods and analysis: EETR is an observational, prospective, longitudinal concurrent cohort study of children aged 3-18 years with either TBI (n = 200) or orthopedic injury (n = 100), recruited from the UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. Participants complete study visits acutely and at 6 and 12 months postinjury. Blood and saliva biosamples are collected at all time points-and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) when available acutely-for epigenetic and proteomic analysis of BDNF. Additional measures assess injury characteristics, pre- and postinjury child neurobehavioral functioning, childhood adversity, and potential covariates/confounders. Recruitment began in July 2017 and will occur for ~6 years, with data collection complete by mid-2023. Analyses will characterize BDNF DNA methylation and protein levels over the recovery period and investigate this novel biomarker as a potential biological mechanism underlying the known association between childhood adversity and worse neurobehavioral outcomes following pediatric TBI. Ethics and dissemination: The study received ethics approval from the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board. Participants and their parents provide informed consent/assent. Research findings will be disseminated via local and international conference presentations and manuscripts submitted to peer-reviewed journals. Trial Registration: The study is registered with clinicaltrials.org (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04186429).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amery Treble-Barna
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jamie Patronick
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Srivatsan Uchani
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Noelle C. Marousis
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christina K. Zigler
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ericka L. Fink
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Critical Care and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Critical Care and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Zhai X, Li J, Li L, Sun Y, Zhang X, Xue Y, Lv J, Gao Y, Li S, Yan W, Yin S, Xiao Z. L-lactate preconditioning promotes plasticity-related proteins expression and reduces neurological deficits by potentiating GPR81 signaling in rat traumatic brain injury model. Brain Res 2020; 1746:146945. [PMID: 32531223 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is no efficacious pharmacological treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Previous studies revealed that L-lactate preconditioning has shown rich neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia, and therefore has the potential to improve neurological outcomes after TBI. L-lactate played a neuroprotective role by activating GPR81 in diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) such as TBI and cerebral ischemia. In this study we investigated the effects of L-lactate preconditioning on TBI and explored the underlying mechanisms. In this study, the mNSS test revealed that L-lactate preconditioning alleviates the neurological deficit caused by TBI in rats. L-lactate preconditioning significantly increased the expression of GPR81, PSD95, GAP43, BDNF, and MCT2 24 h after TBI in the cortex and hippocampus compared with the sham group. Taken together, these data suggested that L-lactate preconditioning is an effective method with which to recover neurological function after TBI. This reveals the mechanism of L-lactate preconditioning on TBI and provides a potential therapeutic method for TBI in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Jinying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Liya Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jiaxin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Ye Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Shouxin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shengming Yin
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China.
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25
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Fang YC, Chan L, Liou JP, Tu YK, Lai MJ, Chen CI, Vidyanti AN, Lee HY, Hu CJ. HDAC inhibitor protects chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and oxygen-glucose deprivation injuries via H3K14 and H4K5 acetylation-mediated BDNF expression. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6966-6977. [PMID: 32374084 PMCID: PMC7299713 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia, but the treatment is still lacking. Although many studies have reported that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) confer protective effects against ischemic and hypoxic injuries, their role in VaD is still uncertain. Previous studies shown, one HDACi protected against cognitive decline in animals with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we tested several 10,11‐dihydro‐5H‐dibenzo[b,f]azepine hydroxamates, which act as HDACis in the CCH model (in vivo), and SH‐SY5Y (neuroblastoma cells) with oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD, in vitro). We identified a compound 13, which exhibited the best cell viability under OGD. The compound 13 could increase, in part, the protein levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). It increased acetylation status on lysine 14 residue of histone 3 (H3K14) and lysine 5 of histone 4 (H4K5). We further clarified which promoters (I, II, III, IV or IX) could be affected by histone acetylation altered by compound 13. The results of chromatin immunoprecipitation and Q‐PCR analysis indicate that an increase in H3K14 acetylation leads to an increase in the expression of BDNF promoter II, while an increase in H4K5 acetylation results in an increase in the activity of BDNF promoter II and III. Afterwards, these cause an increase in the expression of BDNF exon II, III and coding exon IX. In summary, the HDACi compound 13 may increase BDNF specific isoforms expression to rescue the ischemic and hypoxic injuries through changes of acetylation on histones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ching Fang
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lung Chan
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Kwang Tu
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jung Lai
- TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-I Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amelia Nur Vidyanti
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,International Master/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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26
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Qiu LL, Pan W, Luo D, Zhang GF, Zhou ZQ, Sun XY, Yang JJ, Ji MH. Dysregulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling mediated by NMDAR/Ca 2+/calpain might contribute to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aging mice. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:23. [PMID: 31948437 PMCID: PMC6966800 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) is a recognized clinical phenomenon characterized by cognitive impairments in patients following anesthesia and surgery, yet its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory via activation of TrkB-full length (TrkB-FL) receptors. It has been reported that an abnormal truncation of TrkB mediated by calpain results in dysregulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling and is associated with cognitive impairments in several neurodegenerative disorders. Calpains are Ca2+-dependent proteases, and overactivation of calpain is linked to neuronal death. Since one source of intracellular Ca2+ is N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) related and the function of NMDARs can be regulated by neuroinflammation, we therefore hypothesized that dysregulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling mediated by NMDAR/Ca2+/calpain might be involved in the pathogenesis of POCD. Methods In the present study, 16-month-old C57BL/6 mice were subjected to exploratory laparotomy with isoflurane anesthesia to establish the POCD animal model. For the interventional study, mice were treated with either NMDAR antagonist memantine or calpain inhibitor MDL-28170. Behavioral tests were performed by open field, Y maze, and fear conditioning tests from 5 to 8 days post-surgery. The levels of Iba-1, GFAP, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), NMDARs, calpain, BDNF, TrkB, bax, bcl-2, caspase-3, and dendritic spine density were determined in the hippocampus. Results Anesthesia and surgery-induced neuroinflammation overactivated NMDARs and then triggered overactivation of calpain, which subsequently led to the truncation of TrkB-FL, BDNF/TrkB signaling dysregulation, dendritic spine loss, and cell apoptosis, contributing to cognitive impairments in aging mice. These abnormities were prevented by memantine or MDL-28170 treatment. Conclusion Collectively, our study supports the notion that NMDAR/Ca2+/calpain is mechanistically involved in anesthesia and surgery-induced BDNF/TrkB signaling disruption and cognitive impairments in aging mice, which provides one possible therapeutic target for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guang-Fen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Mu-Huo Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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27
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Kotloski RJ, Rutecki PA, Sutula TP. Genetic Background Influences Acute Response to TBI in Kindling-Susceptible, Kindling-Resistant, and Outbred Rats. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1286. [PMID: 31998207 PMCID: PMC6968787 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the acute response to traumatic brain injury (TBI) shares mechanisms with brain plasticity in the kindling model. Utilizing two unique, complementary strains of inbred rats, selected to be either susceptible or resistant to seizure-induced plasticity evoked by kindling of the perforant path, we examined acute electrophysiological alterations and differences in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein concentrations after a moderate-to-severe brain injury. At baseline, limited strain-dependent differences in acute electrophysiological activity were found, and no differences in BDNF. Following injury, pronounced strain-dependent differences in electrophysiologic activity were noted at 0.5 min. However, the divergence is transient, with diminished differences at 5 min after injury and no differences at 10 and 15 min after injury. Strain-specific differences in BDNF protein concentration were noted 4 h after injury. A simple risk score model generated by machine learning and based solely on post-injury electrophysiologic activity at the 0.5-min timepoint distinguished perforant path kindling susceptible (PPKS) rats from non-plasticity-susceptible strains. The findings demonstrate that genetic background which affects brain circuit plasticity also affects acute response to TBI. An improved understanding of the effect of genetic background on the cellular, molecular, and circuit plasticity mechanisms activated in response to TBI and their timecourse is key in developing much-needed novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kotloski
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Neurology, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul A Rutecki
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Neurology, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Thomas P Sutula
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
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28
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Giarratana AO, Teng S, Reddi S, Zheng C, Adler D, Thakker-Varia S, Alder J. BDNF Val66Met Genetic Polymorphism Results in Poor Recovery Following Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in a Mouse Model and Treatment With AAV-BDNF Improves Outcomes. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1175. [PMID: 31787925 PMCID: PMC6854037 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinicians have long noticed that some Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients have worse symptoms and take a longer time to recover than others, for reasons unexplained by known factors. Identifying what makes some individuals more susceptible is critical to understanding the underlying mechanisms through which TBI causes deleterious effects. We have sought to determine the effect of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) at amino acid 66 (rs6265) on recovery after TBI. There is controversy from human studies as to whether the BDNF Val66Val or Val66Met allele is the risk factor for worse outcomes after brain trauma. We therefore investigated cellular and behavioral outcomes in genetically engineered mice following repeated mild TBI (rmTBI) using a lateral fluid percussion (LFP) injury model. We found that relative to injured Val66Val carriers, injured Val66Met carriers had a larger inflammation volume and increased levels of neurodegeneration, apoptosis, p-tau, activated microglia, and gliosis in the cortex and/or hippocampus at 1 and/or 21 days post-injury (DPI). We therefore concluded that the Val66Met genetic polymorphism is a risk factor for poor outcomes after rmTBI. In order to determine the mechanism for these differences, we investigated levels of the apoptotic-inducing pro BDNF and survival-inducing mature BDNF isoforms and found that Met carriers had less total BDNF in the cortex and a higher pro/mature ratio of BDNF in the hippocampus. We then developed a personalized approach to treating genetically susceptible individuals by overexpressing wildtype BDNF in injured Val66Met mice using an AAV-BDNF virus. This intervention improved cellular, motor, and cognitive behavior outcomes at 21 DPI and increased levels of mature BDNF and phosphorylation of mature BDNF's receptor trkB. This study lays the groundwork for further investigation into the genetics that play a role in the extent of injury after rmTBI and highlights how personalized therapeutics may be targeted for recovery in susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna O Giarratana
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Shavonne Teng
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Sahithi Reddi
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Cynthia Zheng
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Derek Adler
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Smita Thakker-Varia
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Janet Alder
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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29
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Anand SK, Mondal AC. Neuroanatomical distribution and functions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:754-763. [PMID: 31532010 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an extensively studied protein that is evolutionarily conserved and widely distributed in the brain of vertebrates. It acts via its cognate receptors TrkB and p75NTR and plays a central role in the developmental neurogenesis, neuronal survival, proliferation, differentiation, synaptic plasticity, learning and memory, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and brain regeneration. BDNF has also been implicated in a plethora of neurological disorders. Hence, understanding the processes that are controlled by BDNF and their regulating mechanisms is important. Although, BDNF has been thoroughly studied in the mammalian models, contradictory effects of its functions have been reported on several occasions. These contradictory effects may be attributed to the sheer complexity of the mammalian brain. The study of BDNF and its associated functions in a simpler vertebrate model may provide some clarity about the effects of BDNF on the neurophysiology of the brain. Keeping that in mind, this review aims at summarizing the current knowledge about the distribution of BDNF and its associated functions in the zebrafish brain. The main focus of the review is to give a comparative overview of BDNF distribution and function in zebrafish and mammals with respect to distinct life stages. We have also reviewed the regulation of bdnf gene in zebrafish and discussed its role in developmental and adult neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Kumar Anand
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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30
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Houlton J, Abumaria N, Hinkley SFR, Clarkson AN. Therapeutic Potential of Neurotrophins for Repair After Brain Injury: A Helping Hand From Biomaterials. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:790. [PMID: 31427916 PMCID: PMC6688532 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains the leading cause of long-term disability with limited options available to aid in recovery. Significant effort has been made to try and minimize neuronal damage following stroke with use of neuroprotective agents, however, these treatments have yet to show clinical efficacy. Regenerative interventions have since become of huge interest as they provide the potential to restore damaged neural tissue without being limited by a narrow therapeutic window. Neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and their high affinity receptors are actively produced throughout the brain and are involved in regulating neuronal activity and normal day-to-day function. Furthermore, neurotrophins are known to play a significant role in both protection and recovery of function following neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Unfortunately, exogenous administration of these neurotrophins is limited by a lack of blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability, poor half-life, and rapid degradation. Therefore, we have focused this review on approaches that provide a direct and sustained neurotrophic support using pharmacological therapies and mimetics, physical activity, and potential drug delivery systems, including discussion around advantages and limitations for use of each of these systems. Finally, we discuss future directions of biomaterial drug-delivery systems, including the incorporation of heparan sulfate (HS) in conjunction with neurotrophin-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Houlton
- Brain Health Research Centre, Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nashat Abumaria
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Simon F. R. Hinkley
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Petone, New Zealand
| | - Andrew N. Clarkson
- Brain Health Research Centre, Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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31
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Krishna G, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F. Blueberry Supplementation Mitigates Altered Brain Plasticity and Behavior after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801055. [PMID: 31115168 PMCID: PMC6684386 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) compromises neuronal function required for hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Despite the high consumption of blueberries, information about its effects on brain plasticity and function under conditions of brain trauma is limited. The efficacy of dietary blueberry (BB) supplementation to mitigate the effects of TBI on plasticity markers and associated behavioral function in a rodent model of concussive injury are assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats were maintained on a diet supplemented with blueberry (BB, 5% w/w) for 2 weeks after TBI. It is found that BB supplementation mitigated a loss of spatial learning and memory performance after TBI, and reduced the effects of TBI on anxiety-like behavior. BB supplementation prevents a reduction of molecules associated with the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) system action on learning and memory such as cyclic-AMP response element binding factor (CREB), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). In addition, BB supplementation reverses an increase of the lipid peroxidation byproduct 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4-HNE) after TBI. Importantly, synaptic and neuronal signaling regulators change in proportion with the memory performance, suggesting an association between plasticity markers and behavior. CONCLUSION Data herein indicate that BB supplementation has a beneficial effect in mitigating the acute aspects of the TBI pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Krishna
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhe Ying
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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32
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Ton ST, Tsai SY, Vaagenes IC, Glavin K, Wu J, Hsu J, Flink HM, Nockels D, O'Brien TE, Kartje GL. Subventricular zone neural precursor cell responses after traumatic brain injury and binge alcohol in male rats. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:554-567. [PMID: 30614539 PMCID: PMC6599533 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability worldwide. Additionally, many TBI patients are intoxicated with alcohol at the time of injury, but the impact of acute intoxication on recovery from brain injury is not well understood. We have previously found that binge alcohol prior to TBI impairs spontaneous functional sensorimotor recovery. However, whether alcohol administration in this setting affects reactive neurogenesis after TBI is not known. This study, therefore, sought to determine the short- and long-term effects of pre-TBI binge alcohol on neural precursor cell responses in the subventricular zone (SVZ) following brain injury in male rats. We found that TBI alone significantly increased proliferation in the SVZ as early as 24 hr after injury. Surprisingly, binge alcohol alone also significantly increased proliferation in the SVZ after 24 hr. However, a combined binge alcohol and TBI regimen resulted in decreased TBI-induced proliferation in the SVZ at 24 hr and 1 week post-TBI. Furthermore, at 6 weeks after TBI, binge alcohol administered at the time of TBI significantly decreased the TBI-induced neuroblast response in the SVZ and the rostral migratory stream (RMS). The results from this study suggest that pre-TBI binge alcohol negatively impacts reparative processes in the brain by decreasing short-term neural precursor cell proliferative responses as well as long-term neuroblasts in the SVZ and RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son T Ton
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Shih-Yen Tsai
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Ian C Vaagenes
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Kelly Glavin
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Joanna Wu
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Jonathan Hsu
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Hannah M Flink
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Daniel Nockels
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Timothy E O'Brien
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Institute of Environmental Sustainability, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gwendolyn L Kartje
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, Illinois
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33
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7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Protects Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons from Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rodents. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2019; 2019:9193534. [PMID: 30944722 PMCID: PMC6421741 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9193534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is thought to be a promising therapeutic agent for various neurodegenerative diseases. The major purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of 7,8-DHF on the rotenone-induced motor deficit of Parkinson's disease. Nine-month-old rats were treated with rotenone (2 mg/kg/day, i.h.) for 5 weeks to establish the animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD), and 7,8-DHF (5 mg/kg, i.p.) was administrated daily throughout the whole period of rotenone injection. Five weeks later, an open field test was used to assess the motor ability of the animals. TH immunostaining was performed to evaluate rotenone-induced neurotoxicity on substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic neurons and the DA terminals in the striatum. Western blot analyses were used to examine the expressions of TH, BDNF/TrkB signaling cascades, phospho-α-synuclein (Ser129), α-synuclein, and phospho-tau (Ser396) in SN. The results revealed that treatment with 7,8-DHF improved PD model's behavioral performance and reduced dopaminergic neuron loss in the SN and striatum, associated with the activation of TrkB receptors and its signaling cascades, and reduced p-MAPK, p-α-synuclein, and p-tau. Collectively, these results indicated that 7,8-DHF displayed prominent neuroprotective properties, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for PD treatment.
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34
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He XY, Dan QQ, Wang F, Li YK, Fu SJ, Zhao N, Wang TH. Protein Network Analysis of the Serum and Their Functional Implication in Patients Subjected to Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:1049. [PMID: 30766469 PMCID: PMC6365836 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to severe neurobehavioral impairment, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we collected the sera from 23 patients (aged from 19 to 81 years old, third day after TBI as TBI-third group) subjected to TBI from The First Hospital of Kunming City, and the sera from 22 healthy donors (aged from 18 to 81 years old and as control group). Then, three samples from TBI-third group and three samples from control group were subjected to the protein microarray detection, and bioinformatics analysis. Then, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to verify significantly altered protein levels. Results showed that, when compared with the control group, all significantly differentially expressed proteins [DEPs, P < 0.05, FDR < 0.05, fold change (FC) > 2] contained 172 molecules in the TBI-third group, in which 65 proteins were upregulated, while 107 proteins were downregulated. The biological processes of these DEPs, mostly happened in the extracellular region and the extracellular region parts, are mainly involved in the regulation of cellular process, signaling and signal transduction, cell communication, response to stimuli, the immune system process and multicellular organismal development. Moreover, the essential molecular functions of them are cytokine activity, growth factor activity and morphogen activity. Additionally, the most significant pathways are enriched in cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways among downregulated proteins, and pathways in cancer and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction among upregulated proteins. Of these, we focused on the NGF, NT-3, IGF-2, HGF, NPY, CRP, MMP-9, and ICAM-2 with a high number of interactors in Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) Network indicated by bioinformatics report. Furthermore, using ELISA test, we confirmed that all increase in the levels of NGF, NT-3, IGF-2, HGF, NPY, CRP, MMP-9, and ICAM-2 in the serum from TBI patients. Together, we determined the screened protein expressional profiles in serum for TBI patients, in which the cross-network between inflammatory factors and growth factors may play a crucial role in TBI damage and repair. Our findings could contribute to indication for the diagnosis and treatment of TBI in future translational medicine and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ying He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi-Qin Dan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Kai Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Song-Jun Fu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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BDNF, Brain, and Regeneration: Insights from Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103155. [PMID: 30322169 PMCID: PMC6214035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a teleost fish widely accepted as a model organism for neuroscientific studies. The adults show common basic vertebrate brain structures, together with similar key neuroanatomical and neurochemical pathways of relevance to human diseases. However, the brain of adult zebrafish possesses, differently from mammals, intense neurogenic activity, which can be correlated with high regenerative properties. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, has multiple roles in the brain, due also to the existence of several biologically active isoforms, that interact with different types of receptors. BDNF is well conserved in the vertebrate evolution, with the primary amino acid sequences of zebrafish and human BDNF being 91% identical. Here, we review the available literature regarding BDNF in the vertebrate brain and the potential involvement of BDNF in telencephalic regeneration after injury, with particular emphasis to the zebrafish. Finally, we highlight the potential of the zebrafish brain as a valuable model to add new insights on future BDNF studies.
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Dyck ACF, Ivanco TL. BDNF expression increases without changes in play behavior following concussion in juvenile rats (Rattus Norvegicus). Dev Neurorehabil 2018; 21:475-479. [PMID: 29648487 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2018.1460878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Young children have a high risk of concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Children often appear healthy soon after mTBI, but some have pervasive cognitive and/or motor impairments. Understanding underlying mechanisms recruited after concussion may help for return to play protocols and mitigating what might be lifelong impairments. METHODS We investigated molecular and behavioral changes in a rat model of childhood concussion. Rats received an injury or sham procedure at an age approximately equivalent to the human period of early childhood. Social play was analyzed for behavioral differences. Tissue from the right motor cortex (impacted), left motor cortex, and medial prefrontal cortex were analyzed for brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein. RESULTS Play behavior was not significantly different between conditions. BDNF levels were much higher in both the right and left motor cortices of the mTBI group compared to medial prefrontal cortex, which is relatively remote from the impact site, within the mTBI group and all tissue collected from the sham group. CONCLUSIONS There is ongoing plastic change at the cellular level in both the impacted area and the well-connected contralateral area after a concussion, suggesting compensatory mechanisms after injury are still at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison C F Dyck
- a Department of Psychology , University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Tammy L Ivanco
- a Department of Psychology , University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,b Childrens Hospital Research Foundation of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada
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Wagner AK, Kumar RG. TBI Rehabilomics Research: Conceptualizing a humoral triad for designing effective rehabilitation interventions. Neuropharmacology 2018; 145:133-144. [PMID: 30222984 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most areas of medicine use biomarkers in some capacity to aid in understanding how personal biology informs clinical care. This article draws upon the Rehabilomics research model as a translational framework for programs of precision rehabilitation and intervention research focused on linking personal biology to treatment response using biopsychosocial constructs that broadly represent function and that can be applied to many clinical populations with disability. The summary applies the Rehabilomics research framework to the population with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and emphasizes a broad vision for biomarker inclusion, beyond typical brain-derived biomarkers, to capture and/or reflect important neurological and non-neurological pathology associated with TBI as a chronic condition. Humoral signaling molecules are explored as important signaling and regulatory drivers of these chronic conditions and their impact on function. Importantly, secondary injury cascades involved in the humoral triad are influenced by the systemic response to TBI and the development of non-neurological organ dysfunction (NNOD). Biomarkers have been successfully leveraged in other medical fields to inform pre-randomization patient selection for clinical trials, however, this practice largely has not been utilized in TBI research. As such, the applicability of the Rehabilomics research model to contemporary clinical trials and comparative effectiveness research designs for neurological and rehabilitation populations is emphasized. Potential points of intervention to modify inflammation, hormonal, or neurotrophic support through rehabilitation interventions are discussed. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Novel Treatments for Traumatic Brain Injury".
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - R G Kumar
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
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Tanqueiro SR, Ramalho RM, Rodrigues TM, Lopes LV, Sebastião AM, Diógenes MJ. Inhibition of NMDA Receptors Prevents the Loss of BDNF Function Induced by Amyloid β. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:237. [PMID: 29695962 PMCID: PMC5904251 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays important functions in cell survival and differentiation, neuronal outgrowth and plasticity. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), BDNF signaling is known to be impaired, partially because amyloid β (Aβ) induces truncation of BDNF main receptor, TrkB-full length (TrkB-FL). We have previously shown that such truncation is mediated by calpains, results in the formation of an intracellular domain (ICD) fragment and causes BDNF loss of function. Since calpains are Ca2+-dependent proteases, we hypothesized that excessive intracellular Ca2+ build-up could be due to dysfunctional N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) activation. To experimentally address this hypothesis, we investigated whether TrkB-FL truncation by calpains and consequent BDNF loss of function could be prevented by NMDAR blockade. We herein demonstrate that a NMDAR antagonist, memantine, prevented excessive calpain activation and TrkB-FL truncation induced by Aβ25–35. When calpains were inhibited by calpastatin, BDNF was able to increase the dendritic spine density of neurons exposed to Aβ25135. Moreover, NMDAR inhibition by memantine also prevented Aβ-driven deleterious impact of BDNF loss of function on structural (spine density) and functional outcomes (synaptic potentiation). Collectively, these findings support NMDAR/Ca2+/calpains mechanistic involvement in Aβ-triggered BDNF signaling disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Tanqueiro
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita M Ramalho
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago M Rodrigues
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luísa V Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria J Diógenes
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Ding X, Wu HH, Ji SJ, Cai S, Dai PW, Xu ML, Zhang JJ, Zhang QX, Tian Y, Ma QH. The p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates cranial irradiation-induced hippocampus-dependent cognitive dysfunction. Oncotarget 2018; 8:40544-40557. [PMID: 28380447 PMCID: PMC5522261 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits, characterized by progressive problems with hippocampus-dependent learning, memory and spatial processing, are the most serious complication of cranial irradiation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is involved in a diverse arrays of cellular responses, including neurite outgrowth, neurogenesis, and negative regulation of spine density, which are associated with various neurological disorders. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received 10 Gy cranial irradiation. Then, we evaluated the expression of p75NTR in the hippocampus after cranial irradiation and explored its potential role in radiation-induced synaptic dysfunction and memory deficits. We found that the expression of p75NTR was significantly increased in the irradiated rat hippocampus. Knockdown of p75NTR by intrahippocampal infusion of AAV8-shp75 ameliorated dendritic spine abnormalities, and restored synapse-related protein levels, thus preventing memory deficits, likely through normalization the phosphor-AKT activity. Moreover, viral-mediated overexpression of p75NTR in the normal hippocampus reproduced learning and memory deficits. Overall, this study demonstrates that p75NTR is an important mediator of irradiation-induced cognitive deficits by regulating dendritic development and synapse structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ding
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao-Hao Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Pei-Wen Dai
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ling Xu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi-Xian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Cacialli P, Palladino A, Lucini C. Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor during the regenerative response after traumatic brain injury in adult zebrafish. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:941-944. [PMID: 29926814 PMCID: PMC6022468 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.233430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mammalian animal models of traumatic brain injury have been used, mostly rodents. However, reparative mechanisms in mammalian brain are very limited, and newly formed neurons do not survive for long time. The brain of adult zebrafish, a teleost fish widely used as vertebrate model, possesses high regenerative properties after injury due to the presence of numerous stem cells niches. The ventricular lining of the zebrafish dorsal telencephalon is the most studied neuronal stem cell niche because its dorso-lateral zone is considered the equivalent to the hippocampus of mammals which contains one of the two constitutive neurogenic niches of mammals. To mimic TBI, stab wound in the dorso-lateral telencephalon of zebrafish was used in studies devoted to fish regenerative properties. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which is known to play key roles in the repair process after traumatic brain lesions, persists around the lesioned area of injured telencephalon of adult zebrafish. These results are extensively compared to reparative processes in rodent brain. Considering the complete repair of the damaged area in fish, it could be tempting to consider brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a factor contributing to create a permissive environment that enables the establishment of new neuronal population in damaged brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Cacialli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Palladino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Lucini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Cacialli P, D'angelo L, Kah O, Coumailleau P, Gueguen MM, Pellegrini E, Lucini C. Neuronal expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor in the injured telencephalon of adult zebrafish. J Comp Neurol 2017; 526:569-582. [PMID: 29124763 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The reparative ability of the central nervous system varies widely in the animal kingdom. In the mammalian brain, the regenerative mechanisms are very limited and newly formed neurons do not survive longer, probably due to a non-suitable local environment. On the opposite, fish can repair the brain after injury, with fast and complete recovery of damaged area. The brain of zebrafish, a teleost fish widely used as vertebrate model, also possesses high regenerative properties after injury. Taking advantage of this relevant model, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the regenerative ability of adult brain, after stab wound telencephalic injury. BDNF is involved in many brain functions and plays key roles in the repair process after traumatic brain lesions. It has been reported that BDNF strengthens the proliferative activity of neuronal precursor cells, facilitates the neuronal migration toward injured areas, and shows survival properties due to its anti-apoptotic effects. BDNF mRNA levels, assessed by quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization at 1, 4, 7, and 15 days after the lesion, were increased in the damaged telencephalon, mostly suddenly after the lesion. Double staining using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry revealed that BDNF mRNA was restricted to cells identified as mature neurons. BDNF mRNA expressing neurons mostly increased in the area around the lesion, showing a peak 1 day after the lesion. Taken together, these results highlight the role of BDNF in brain repair processes and reinforce the value of zebrafish for the study of regenerative neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Cacialli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,Inserm, UMR 1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, SFR Biosit, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Livia D'angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Olivier Kah
- Inserm, UMR 1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, SFR Biosit, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Coumailleau
- Inserm, UMR 1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, SFR Biosit, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Madeleine Gueguen
- Inserm, UMR 1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, SFR Biosit, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Elisabeth Pellegrini
- Inserm, UMR 1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, SFR Biosit, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Carla Lucini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Su WS, Wu CH, Chen SF, Yang FY. Transcranial ultrasound stimulation promotes brain-derived neurotrophic factor and reduces apoptosis in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Brain Stimul 2017; 10:1032-1041. [PMID: 28939348 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protein expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can be elevated by transcranial ultrasound stimulation in the rat brain. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of BDNF enhancement by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Mice subjected to controlled cortical impact injury were treated with LIPUS in the injured region daily for a period of 4 days. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed to assess the effects of LIPUS. RESULTS The results showed that the LIPUS treatment significantly promoted the neurotrophic factors BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at day 4 after TBI. Meanwhile, LIPUS also enhanced the phosphorylation of Tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), Akt, and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). Furthermore, treatment with LIPUS significantly decreased the level of cleaved caspase-3. The reduction of apoptotic process was inhibited by the anti-BDNF antibody. CONCLUSIONS In short, post-injury LIPUS treatment increased BDNF protein levels and inhibited the progression of apoptosis following TBI. The neuroprotective effects of LIPUS may be associated with enhancements of the protein levels of neurotrophic factors, at least partially via the TrkB/Akt-CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shen Su
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Fu Chen
- Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Yi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor-1 protein levels after penetrating ballistic-like brain injury in rats. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017. [PMID: 28628600 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are essential for neuroplasticity and neuronal survival. Despite the importance of these endogenous factors in mediating posttraumatic recovery, little is known about their response after penetrating type traumatic brain injury. The objective of this study was to quantify the expression levels BDNF and IGF-1, two well-known neuroplasticity mediators, after penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI). METHODS Rats were randomly assigned to receive unilateral sham or PBBI injuries. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of BDNF and IGF-1 expression at acute (1 hour, 6 hours, 1 day) and subacute (2, 3, 7, and 14 days) timepoints after injury. RESULTS BDNF and IGF-1 expression was transiently upregulated in both cortex and hippocampus after PBBI. Although BDNF levels increased at acute timepoints, IGF-1 expression peaked at 3 days in cortical homogenates. Although there was loss of staining in cells bordering the cavity, increased BDNF and IGF-1 immunoreactivity was observed in scattered neurons away from the contusion site. Glial upregulation of both growth factors was observed at early timepoints in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that PBBI results in a brief upregulation of BDNF and IGF-1 during early posttraumatic period, providing critical information for interventions aiming to enhance neuronal survival and brain plasticity.
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Deng QJ, Xu XF, Ren J. Effects of SDF-1/CXCR4 on the Repair of Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats by Mediating Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:467-477. [PMID: 28484859 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our study aims to investigate the effects of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis on the repair of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats by mediating bone marrow derived from mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Healthy male SD rats were collected, their tibiofibulars were removed, cultured, and BMSCs were collected. The expression of cell-surface molecular proteins was examined using flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of CXCR4 in cells were tested using qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis. An electronic brain injury instrument was utilized to build TBI rat models and each rat was assigned into the experiment, positive control and control groups (10 rats in each group). The morris water maze was used to calculate the escape latency and number of times rats in each group crossed the platform. Neurological severity scores (NSS) was calculated to evaluate the recovery of neurological functioning. The distribution of neuronal nuclear antigens was detected using double-labeling immunohistochemistry. The morphological changes in the hippocampal neuronal and the number of BrdU-positive cells were observed through Nissl's staining and high magnification. The mRNA and protein expressions of CXCR4 were gradually increased as SDF-1 concentration increased. NGF and BDNF positive cells were expressed in each group. The distribution of neuronal nuclear antigens in the experiment group was elevated compared to the control and positive control groups. Among the three groups, the experimental group had the shortest escape latency and the highest number platform crossings. The difference in NSS among the three groups was significant. The experimental group had better cell morphology and a higher number of BrdU-positive cells than the other groups. The present study demonstrates that transplanting BMSCs with SDF-1-induced CXCR4 expression can promote the repair of TBI. This is expected to become a new treatment regimen for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Jun Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
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Stefani MA, Modkovski R, Hansel G, Zimmer ER, Kopczynski A, Muller AP, Strogulski NR, Rodolphi MS, Carteri RK, Schmidt AP, Oses JP, Smith DH, Portela LV. Elevated glutamate and lactate predict brain death after severe head trauma. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2017; 4:392-402. [PMID: 28589166 PMCID: PMC5454398 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Clinical neurological assessment is challenging for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in the acute setting. Waves of neurochemical abnormalities that follow TBI may serve as fluid biomarkers of neurological status. We assessed the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of glutamate, lactate, BDNF, and GDNF, to identify potential prognostic biomarkers of neurological outcome. Methods This cross‐sectional study was carried out in a total of 20 consecutive patients (mean [SD] age, 29 [13] years; M/F, 9:1) with severe TBI Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 8 and abnormal computed tomography scan on admission. Patients were submitted to ventricular drainage and had CSF collected between 2 and 4 h after hospital admission. Patients were then stratified according to two clinical outcomes: deterioration to brain death (nonsurvival, n = 6) or survival (survival, n = 14), within 3 days after hospital admission. CSF levels of brain‐derived substances were compared between nonsurvival and survival groups. Clinical and neurological parameters were also assessed. Results Glutamate and lactate are significantly increased in nonsurvival relative to survival patients. We tested the accuracy of both biomarkers to discriminate patient outcome. Setting a cutoff of >57.75, glutamate provides 80.0% of sensitivity and 84.62% of specificity (AUC: 0.8214, 95% CL: 54.55–98.08%; and a cutoff of >4.65, lactate has 100% of sensitivity and 85.71% of specificity (AUC: 0.8810, 95% CL: 54.55–98.08%). BDNF and GDNF did not discriminate poor outcome. Interpretation This early study suggests that glutamate and lactate concentrations at hospital admission accurately predict death within 3 days after severe TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Stefani
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy Department of Morphological Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Rafael Modkovski
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy Department of Morphological Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Gisele Hansel
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Zimmer
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil.,Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns) Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Afonso Kopczynski
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Alexandre P Muller
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC) Criciúma Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Nathan R Strogulski
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Rodolphi
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Randhall K Carteri
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - André P Schmidt
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Jean P Oses
- Graduate Program in Health and Behavior Catholic University of Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - Douglas H Smith
- Penn Center for Brain Injury and Repair and Department of Neurosurgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Luis V Portela
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma Department of Biochemistry Post-graduation Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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46
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Munoz MJ, Kumar RG, Oh BM, Conley YP, Wang Z, Failla MD, Wagner AK. Cerebrospinal Fluid Cortisol Mediates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Relationships to Mortality after Severe TBI: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:44. [PMID: 28337122 PMCID: PMC5343043 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinct regulatory signaling mechanisms exist between cortisol and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that may influence secondary injury cascades associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and predict outcome. We investigated concurrent CSF BDNF and cortisol relationships in 117 patients sampled days 0–6 after severe TBI while accounting for BDNF genetics and age. We also determined associations between CSF BDNF and cortisol with 6-month mortality. BDNF variants, rs6265 and rs7124442, were used to create a gene risk score (GRS) in reference to previously published hypothesized risk for mortality in “younger patients” (<48 years) and hypothesized BDNF production/secretion capacity with these variants. Group based trajectory analysis (TRAJ) was used to create two cortisol groups (high and low trajectories). A Bayesian estimation approach informed the mediation models. Results show CSF BDNF predicted patient cortisol TRAJ group (P = 0.001). Also, GRS moderated BDNF associations with cortisol TRAJ group. Additionally, cortisol TRAJ predicted 6-month mortality (P = 0.001). In a mediation analysis, BDNF predicted mortality, with cortisol acting as the mediator (P = 0.011), yielding a mediation percentage of 29.92%. Mediation effects increased to 45.45% among younger patients. A BDNF*GRS interaction predicted mortality in younger patients (P = 0.004). Thus, we conclude 6-month mortality after severe TBI can be predicted through a mediation model with CSF cortisol and BDNF, suggesting a regulatory role for cortisol with BDNF's contribution to TBI pathophysiology and mortality, particularly among younger individuals with severe TBI. Based on the literature, cortisol modulated BDNF effects on mortality after TBI may be related to known hormone and neurotrophin relationships to neurological injury severity and autonomic nervous system imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda J Munoz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Raj G Kumar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Byung-Mo Oh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University HospitalSeoul, South Korea
| | - Yvette P Conley
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhensheng Wang
- Department of Nursing, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michelle D Failla
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amy K Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
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47
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Cacialli P, Gueguen MM, Coumailleau P, D’Angelo L, Kah O, Lucini C, Pellegrini E. BDNF Expression in Larval and Adult Zebrafish Brain: Distribution and Cell Identification. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158057. [PMID: 27336917 PMCID: PMC4918975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, has emerged as an active mediator in many essential functions in the central nervous system of mammals. BDNF plays significant roles in neurogenesis, neuronal maturation and/or synaptic plasticity and is involved in cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Despite the vast literature present in mammals, studies devoted to BDNF in the brain of other animal models are scarse. Zebrafish is a teleost fish widely known for developmental genetic studies and is emerging as model for translational neuroscience research. In addition, its brain shows many sites of adult neurogenesis allowing higher regenerative properties after traumatic injuries. To add further knowledge on neurotrophic factors in vertebrate brain models, we decided to determine the distribution of bdnf mRNAs in the larval and adult zebrafish brain and to characterize the phenotype of cells expressing bdnf mRNAs by means of double staining studies. Our results showed that bdnf mRNAs were widely expressed in the brain of 7 days old larvae and throughout the whole brain of mature female and male zebrafish. In adults, bdnf mRNAs were mainly observed in the dorsal telencephalon, preoptic area, dorsal thalamus, posterior tuberculum, hypothalamus, synencephalon, optic tectum and medulla oblongata. By combining immunohistochemistry with in situ hybridization, we showed that bdnf mRNAs were never expressed by radial glial cells or proliferating cells. By contrast, bdnf transcripts were expressed in cells with neuronal phenotype in all brain regions investigated. Our results provide the first demonstration that the brain of zebrafish expresses bdnf mRNAs in neurons and open new fields of research on the role of the BDNF factor in brain mechanisms in normal and brain repairs situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Cacialli
- INSERM U1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marie-Madeleine Gueguen
- INSERM U1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Coumailleau
- INSERM U1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Livia D’Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Olivier Kah
- INSERM U1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Carla Lucini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
- * E-mail: (EP); (CL)
| | - Elisabeth Pellegrini
- INSERM U1085, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- * E-mail: (EP); (CL)
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48
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Huang M, Risling M, Baker DG. The role of biomarkers and MEG-based imaging markers in the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder and blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 63:398-409. [PMID: 25769625 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pervasive use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs), rocket-propelled grenades, and land mines in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan has brought traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its impact on health outcomes into public awareness. Blast injuries have been deemed signature wounds of these wars. War-related TBI is not new, having become prevalent during WWI and remaining medically relevant in WWII and beyond. Medicine's past attempts to accurately diagnose and disentangle the pathophysiology of war-related TBI parallels current lines of inquiry and highlights limitations in methodology and attribution of symptom etiology, be it organic, psychological, or behavioral. New approaches and biomarkers are needed. PRECLINICAL Serological biomarkers and biomarkers of injury obtained with imaging techniques represent cornerstones in the translation between experimental data and clinical observations. Experimental models for blast related TBI and PTSD can generate critical data on injury threshold, for example for white matter injury from acceleration. Carefully verified and validated models can be evaluated with gene expression arrays and proteomics to identify new candidates for serological biomarkers. Such models can also be analyzed with diffusion MRI and microscopy in order to identify criteria for detection of diffuse white matter injuries, such as DAI (diffuse axonal injury). The experimental models can also be analyzed with focus on injury outcome in brain stem regions, such as locus coeruleus or nucleus raphe magnus that can be involved in response to anxiety changes. CLINICAL Mild (and some moderate) TBI can be difficult to diagnose because the injuries are often not detectable on conventional MRI or CT. There is accumulating evidence that injured brain tissues in TBI patients generate abnormal low-frequency magnetic activity (ALFMA, peaked at 1-4Hz) that can be measured and localized by magnetoencephalography (MEG). MEG imaging detects TBI abnormalities at the rates of 87% for the mild TBI, group (blast-induced plus non-blast causes) and 100% for the moderate group. Among the mild TBI patients, the rates of abnormalities are 96% and 77% for the blast and non-blast TBI groups, respectively. There is emerging evidence based on fMRI and MEG studies showing hyper-activity in the amygdala and hypo-activity in pre-frontal cortex in individuals with PTSD. MEG signal may serve as a sensitive imaging marker for mTBI, distinguishable from abnormalities generated in association with PTSD. More work is needed to fully describe physiological mechanisms of post-concussive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiong Huang
- Radiology Services, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Research Services, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Mårten Risling
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dewleen G Baker
- Veterans Affairs Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), San Diego, CA, USA; University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, USA
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49
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Alder J, Fujioka W, Giarratana A, Wissocki J, Thakkar K, Vuong P, Patel B, Chakraborty T, Elsabeh R, Parikh A, Girn HS, Crockett D, Thakker-Varia S. Genetic and pharmacological intervention of the p75NTR pathway alters morphological and behavioural recovery following traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain Inj 2015; 30:48-65. [PMID: 26579945 DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2015.1088963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Neurotrophin levels are elevated after TBI, yet there is minimal regeneration. It was hypothesized that the pro-neurotrophin/p75NTR pathway is induced more than the mature neurotrophin/Trk pathway and that interfering with p75 signalling improves recovery following TBI. RESEARCH DESIGN Lateral Fluid Percussion (LFP) injury was performed on wildtype and p75 mutant mice. In addition, TrkB agonist 7,8 Dihydroxyflavone or p75 antagonist TAT-Pep5 were tested. Western blot and immunohistochemistry revealed biochemical and cellular changes. Morris Water Maze and Rotarod tests demonstrated cognitive and vestibulomotor function. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS p75 was up-regulated and TrkB was down-regulated 1 day post-LFP. p75 mutant mice as well as mice treated with the p75 antagonist or the TrkB agonist exhibited reduced neuronal death and degeneration and less astrocytosis. The cells undergoing apoptosis appear to be neurons rather than glia. There was improved motor function and spatial learning in p75 mutant mice and mice treated with the p75 antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Many of the pathological and behavioural consequences of TBI might be due to activation of the pro-neurotrophin/p75 toxic pathway overriding the protective mechanisms of the mature neurotrophin/Trk pathway. Targeting p75 can be a novel strategy to counteract the damaging effects of TBI.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Astrocytes/metabolism
- Astrocytes/pathology
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic/drug therapy
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic/genetics
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic/metabolism
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
- Cognition/physiology
- Flavones/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
- Receptor, trkB/agonists
- Receptor, trkB/genetics
- Receptor, trkB/metabolism
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/metabolism
- Sensory Receptor Cells/metabolism
- Sensory Receptor Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Alder
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Wendy Fujioka
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Anna Giarratana
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Jenna Wissocki
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Keya Thakkar
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Phung Vuong
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Bijal Patel
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | | | - Rami Elsabeh
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Ankit Parikh
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Hartaj S Girn
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - David Crockett
- a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA
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50
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Sebastiani A, Gölz C, Werner C, Schäfer MKE, Engelhard K, Thal SC. Proneurotrophin Binding to P75 Neurotrophin Receptor (P75ntr) Is Essential for Brain Lesion Formation and Functional Impairment after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2015; 32:1599-607. [PMID: 25879397 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2014.3751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates an excessive mediator release of e.g. neurotrophins, which promote neuronal survival, differentiation, and modulate synaptic plasticity. Paradoxically, mature forms of neurotrophins promote neuronal survival, whereas unprocessed forms of neurotrophins induce cell death through p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling. p75NTR is widely expressed during synaptogenesis and is subsequently downregulated in adulthood. Repair mechanisms after acute cerebral insults can reactivate its expression. Therefore, the influence of p75NTR on secondary brain damage was addressed. mRNA levels of p75NTR and its ligands were quantified in brain tissue up to 7 days after experimental TBI (controlled cortical impact; CCI). Brain damage, motor function and inflammatory marker gene expression were determined in mice lacking the proneurotrophin-binding site of the p75NTR protein (NGFR(-/-)) and wild type littermates (NGFR(+/+)) 24 h and 5 days after CCI. In addition, the effect of TAT-Pep5 (pharmacological inhibitor of the intracellular p75NTR death domain) on lesion volume was evaluated 24 h after insult. p75NTR mRNA levels were induced nine-fold by TBI. In NGFR(-/-) mice, lesion volume was reduced by 29% at 24 h and by 21% 5 days after CCI. Motor coordination was significantly improved 24 h after trauma compared with the wild type. Pharmacological inhibition of the p75NTR signaling reduced lesion volume by 18%. The present study presents first time evidence that genetic mutation of the neurotrophin interaction site of p75NTR strongly limits post-traumatic cell death. In addition, we revealed pharmacological targeting of the intracellular p75NTR cell death domain as a promising approach to limit acute brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sebastiani
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University , Mainz, Germany
| | - Christina Gölz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University , Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Werner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University , Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University , Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristin Engelhard
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University , Mainz, Germany
| | - Serge C Thal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University , Mainz, Germany
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