1
|
Nongthombam PD, Haobam R. Targeting phosphodiesterase 4 as a potential therapy for Parkinson's disease: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:510. [PMID: 38622307 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09484-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have become a promising therapeutic target for various disorders. PDEs are a vast and diversified family of enzymes that degrade cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which have several biochemical and physiological functions. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is the most abundant PDE in the central nervous system (CNS) and is extensively expressed in the mammalian brain, where it catalyzes the hydrolysis of intracellular cAMP. An alteration in the balance of PDE4 and cAMP results in the dysregulation of different biological mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases. By inhibiting PDE4 with drugs, the levels of cAMP inside the cells could be stabilized, which may improve the symptoms of mental and neurological disorders such as memory loss, depression, and Parkinson's disease (PD). Though numerous studies have shown that phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors (PDE4Is) are beneficial in PD, there are presently no approved PDE4I drugs for PD. This review presents an overview of PDE4Is and their effects on PD, their possible underlying mechanism in the restoration/protection of dopaminergic cell death, which holds promise for developing PDE4Is as a treatment strategy for PD. Methods on how these drugs could be effectively delivered to develop as a promising treatment for PD have been suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reena Haobam
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, 795003, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hao S, He Q, Yuan Y, Mu Q. The protective effects of Irbesartan in cognitive impairment in hypertension. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5065-5076. [PMID: 38526331 PMCID: PMC11006462 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is claimed as the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which hypertension is a critical inducer. Currently, hypertension-induced cognitive impairment lacks clinical treatments. Irbesartan is a long-acting angiotensin receptor antagonist with promising antihypertensive properties. Our research will focus on the potential function of Irbesartan on hypertension-induced cognitive impairment. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats were orally dosed with normal saline or 20 mg/kg/day Irbesartan for 14 consecutive days, with 4 groups divided shown as below: WKY, Irbesartan, SHR, SHR+ Irbesartan. Firstly, the markedly increased systolic blood pressure observed in SHR rats was signally repressed by Irbesartan on Day 7 and 14 post-dosing. Moreover, notably decreased time of exploring the novel object in the object recognition task (ORT) test, elevated escape latency, and reduced time in the target quadrant in the Morris water maze (MWM) test were observed in SHR rats, which were prominently reversed by Irbesartan. Furthermore, the declined superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) level, increased cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK5) activity, and enhanced protein level of p35/p25, p-Tau (pSer214)/Tau46, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were memorably rescued by Irbesartan. Lastly, the activity of cAMP/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling in the hippocampus of SHR rats was markedly repressed, accompanied by an upregulation of phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B), which was observably rescued by Irbesartan. Collectively, Irbesartan protected against the hypertension-induced cognitive impairment in SHR rats by regulating the cAMP/CREB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyun Hao
- Department of General Medical, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of General Medical, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of General Medical, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Qiong Mu
- Department of General Medical, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baggeroer CE, Cambronero FE, Savan NA, Jefferson AL, Santisteban MM. Basic Mechanisms of Brain Injury and Cognitive Decline in Hypertension. Hypertension 2024; 81:34-44. [PMID: 37732479 PMCID: PMC10840624 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.19939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Dementia affects almost 50 million adults worldwide, and remains a major cause of death and disability. Hypertension is a leading risk factor for dementia, including Alzheimer disease and Alzheimer disease-related dementias. Although this association is well-established, the mechanisms underlying hypertension-induced cognitive decline remain poorly understood. By exploring the mechanisms mediating the detrimental effects of hypertension on the brain, studies have aimed to provide therapeutic insights and strategies on how to protect the brain from the effects of blood pressure elevation. In this review, we focus on the basic mechanisms contributing to the cerebrovascular adaptions to elevated blood pressure and hypertension-induced microvascular injury. We also assess the cellular mechanisms of neurovascular unit dysfunction, focusing on the premise that cognitive impairment ensues when the dynamic metabolic demands of neurons are not met due to neurovascular uncoupling, and summarize cognitive deficits across various rodent models of hypertension as a resource for investigators. Despite significant advances in antihypertensive therapy, hypertension remains a critical risk factor for cognitive decline, and several questions remain about the development and progression of hypertension-induced cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Baggeroer
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Francis E. Cambronero
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - N. Anna Savan
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Angela L. Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Monica M. Santisteban
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Puertas-Umbert L, Alonso J, Hove-Madsen L, Martínez-González J, Rodríguez C. PDE4 Phosphodiesterases in Cardiovascular Diseases: Key Pathophysiological Players and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17017. [PMID: 38069339 PMCID: PMC10707411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger critically involved in the control of a myriad of processes with significant implications for vascular and cardiac cell function. The temporal and spatial compartmentalization of cAMP is governed by the activity of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), a superfamily of enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides. Through the fine-tuning of cAMP signaling, PDE4 enzymes could play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy and arrhythmogenesis, while it decisively influences vascular homeostasis through the control of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and contraction, as well as regulating endothelial permeability, angiogenesis, monocyte/macrophage activation and cardiomyocyte function. This review summarizes the current knowledge and recent advances in understanding the contribution of the PDE4 subfamily to cardiovascular function and underscores the intricate challenges associated with targeting PDE4 enzymes as a therapeutic strategy for the management of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Puertas-Umbert
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Alonso
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Machado Batista Sohn J, Cardoso NC, Raymundi AM, Prickaerts J, Stern CAJ. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition after retrieval switches the memory fate favoring extinction instead of reconsolidation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20384. [PMID: 37990053 PMCID: PMC10663466 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), an enzyme expressed in the dorsal hippocampus (DH), hydrolyzes the cAMP, limiting the PKA-induced CREB phosphorylation (pCREB) and BDNF expression. Depending on the brain region, PKA and pCREB mediate reconsolidation or extinction, whereas BDNF is mainly related to extinction facilitation. The mechanisms underpinning the switch between reconsolidation and extinction are relatively unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that PDE4 might control these processes. We showed in Wistar rats submitted to contextual fear conditioning that PDE4 inhibition with roflumilast (ROF) within the DH, after a short retrieval, did not change freezing behavior after one day (TestA1). After 10 days, the ROF-treated group significantly reduced the expression of freezing behavior. This effect depended on retrieval, Test A1 exposure, and reinstated after a remainder foot shock, suggesting an extinction facilitation. The ROF effect depended on PKA after retrieval or, protein synthesis after Test A1. After retrieval, ROF treatment did not change the pCREB/CREB ratio in the DH. It enhanced proBDNF expression without changing pre-proBDNF or mature BDNF in the DH after Test A1. The results suggest that the inhibition of PDE4 in the DH after a short retrieval changes the memory sensibility from reconsolidation to extinction via regulating proBDNF expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeferson Machado Batista Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ana Maria Raymundi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cong YF, Liu FW, Xu L, Song SS, Shen XR, Liu D, Hou XQ, Zhang HT. Rolipram Ameliorates Memory Deficits and Depression-Like Behavior in APP/PS1/tau Triple Transgenic Mice: Involvement of Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis via cAMP Signaling. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:585-598. [PMID: 37490542 PMCID: PMC10519811 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) and depression often cooccur, and inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) has been shown to ameliorate neurodegenerative illness. Therefore, we explored whether PDE4 inhibitor rolipram might also improve the symptoms of comorbid AD and depression. METHODS APP/PS1/tau mice (10 months old) were treated with or without daily i.p. injections of rolipram for 10 days. The animal groups were compared in behavioral tests related to learning, memory, anxiety, and depression. Neurochemical measures were conducted to explore the underlying mechanism of rolipram. RESULTS Rolipram attenuated cognitive decline as well as anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. These benefits were attributed at least partly to the downregulation of amyloid-β, Amyloid precursor protein (APP), and Presenilin 1 (PS1); lower tau phosphorylation; greater neuronal survival; and normalized glial cell function following rolipram treatment. In addition, rolipram upregulated B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and downregulated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) to reduce apoptosis; it also downregulated interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α to restrain neuroinflammation. Furthermore, rolipram increased cAMP, PKA, 26S proteasome, EPAC2, and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 while decreasing EPAC1. CONCLUSIONS Rolipram may mitigate cognitive deficits and depression-like behavior by reducing amyloid-β pathology, tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis. These effects may be mediated by stimulating cAMP/PKA/26S and cAMP/exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC)/ERK signaling pathways. This study suggests that PDE4 inhibitor rolipram can be an effective target for treatment of comorbid AD and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Cong
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Wang Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Ri Shen
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Qin Hou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roy D, Balasubramanian S, Krishnamurthy PT, Sola P, Rymbai E. Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibition in Parkinson's Disease: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Potential. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s10571-023-01349-1. [PMID: 37074485 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians and researchers are exploring safer and novel treatment strategies for treating the ever-prevalent Parkinson's disease (PD) across the globe. Several therapeutic strategies are used clinically for PD, including dopamine replacement therapy, DA agonists, MAO-B blockers, COMT blockers, and anticholinergics. Surgical interventions such as pallidotomy, particularly deep brain stimulation (DBS), are also employed. However, they only provide temporal and symptomatic relief. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is one of the secondary messengers involved in dopaminergic neurotransmission. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) regulates cAMP and cGMP intracellular levels. PDE enzymes are subdivided into families and subtypes which are expressed throughout the human body. PDE4 isoenzyme- PDE4B subtype is overexpressed in the substantia nigra of the brain. Various studies have implicated multiple cAMP-mediated signaling cascades in PD, and PDE4 is a common link that can emerge as a neuroprotective and/or disease-modifying target. Furthermore, a mechanistic understanding of the PDE4 subtypes has provided perceptivity into the molecular mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors (PDE4Is). The repositioning and development of efficacious PDE4Is for PD have gained much attention. This review critically assesses the existing literature on PDE4 and its expression. Specifically, this review provides insights into the interrelated neurological cAMP-mediated signaling cascades involving PDE4s and the potential role of PDE4Is in PD. In addition, we discuss existing challenges and possible strategies for overcoming them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhritiman Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, The Nilgiris, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shivaramakrishnan Balasubramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, The Nilgiris, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, The Nilgiris, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Piyong Sola
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, The Nilgiris, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Emdormi Rymbai
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, The Nilgiris, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Roflumilast, a Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor, Ameliorates Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in C57BL/6J Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1938-1947. [PMID: 35736514 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) interferes with long-term memory and cognitive functions by overactivation of phosphodiesterase (PDEs) enzymes. PDE4, a nonredundant regulator of the cyclic nucleotides (cAMP), is densely expressed in the hippocampus and is involved in learning and memory processes. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Roflumilast (ROF), a PDE4B inhibitor, on sleep deprivation-induced cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model. Memory assessment was performed using a novel object recognition task, and the hippocampal cAMP level was estimated by the ELISA method. The alterations in the expressions of PDE4B, amyloid-β (Aβ), CREB, BDNF, and synaptic proteins (Synapsin I, SAP 97, PSD 95) were assessed to gain insights into the possible mechanisms of action of ROF using the Western blot technique. Results show that ROF reversed SD-induced cognitive decline in mice. ROF downregulated PDE4B and Aβ expressions in the brain. Additionally, ROF improved the cAMP level and the protein expressions of synapsin I, SAP 97, and PSD 95 in the hippocampal region of SD mice. Taken together, these results suggest that ROF can suppress the deleterious effects of SD-induced cognitive dysfunction via the PDE4B-mediated cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling cascade.
Collapse
|
9
|
Saroj P, Bansal Y, Singh R, Akhtar A, Sodhi RK, Bishnoi M, Sah SP, Kuhad A. Neuroprotective effects of roflumilast against quinolinic acid-induced rat model of Huntington's disease through inhibition of NF-κB mediated neuroinflammatory markers and activation of cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:499-511. [PMID: 33517508 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative and hyperkinetic movement disorder. Decreased activity of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is thought to contribute to the death of striatal medium spiny neurons in HD. The present study has been designed to explore the possible role of roflumilast against qunilonic acid (QA) induced neurotoxicity in rats intending to investigate whether it inhibits the neuroinflammatory response through activation of the cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. QA was microinjected (200 nmol/2 µl, bilaterally) through the intrastriatal route in the stereotaxic apparatus. Roflumilast (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, orally) once-daily treatment for 21 days significantly improved locomotor activity in actophotometer, motor coordination in rotarod, and impaired gait performance in narrow beam walk test. Moreover, roflumilast treatment significantly attenuated oxidative and nitrosative stress (p < 0.05) through attenuating lipid peroxidation nitrite concentration and enhancing reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels. Furthermore, roflumilast also significantly decreased elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.01), IFN-γ (p < 0.05), NF-κB (p < 0.05) and significantly increased BDNF(p < 0.05) in the striatum and cortex of rat brain. The results further demonstrated that roflumilast effectively increased the gene expression of cAMP(p < 0.05), CREB(p < 0.05) and decreased the gene expression of PDE4 (p < 0.05) in qRT-PCR. These results conclusively depicted that roflumilast could be a potential candidate as an effective therapeutic agent in the management of HD through the cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Saroj
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Yashika Bansal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Raghunath Singh
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Sodhi
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institue (NABI), Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
- Department of Physiology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Science (UIPS), UGC Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu B, Xu J, Cai N, Li M, Liu L, Qin Y, Li X, Wang H. Roflumilast prevents ischemic stroke-induced neuronal damage by restricting GSK3β-mediated oxidative stress and IRE1α/TRAF2/JNK pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:281-296. [PMID: 33359910 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) protects against neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for the protection of PDE4 inhibition have not been completely clarified. Roflumilast (Roflu) is an FDA-approved PDE4 inhibitor for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The potential protective role of Roflu against ischemic stroke-associated neuronal injury remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of Roflu against ischemic stroke using in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGD/R) and in vivo rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models. We demonstrated that Roflu significantly reduced the apoptosis of HT-22 cells exposed to OGD/R, enhanced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and reduced oxidative stress. Treatment with Roflu increased the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) but decreased the level of phosphorylated inositol requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α). Interestingly, constitutively active GSK3β (S9A) mutation abolished the effects of Roflu on oxidative stress and IRE1α phosphorylation. Moreover, Roflu decreased the binding of IRE1α to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and attenuated the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We also found that PDE4B knockdown reduced the phosphorylation of both IRE1α and JNK, while overexpression of PDE4B antagonized the role of PDE4B knockdown on the activation of IRE1α and JNK. Besides, the inhibition of PDE4 by Roflu produced similar effects in primary cultured neurons. Finally, Roflu ameliorated MCAO-induced cerebral injury by decreasing infarct volume, restoring neurological score, and reducing the phosphorylation of IRE1α and JNK. Collectively, these data suggest that Roflu protects neurons from cerebral ischemia reperfusion-mediated injury via the activation of GSK3β/Nrf-2 signaling and suppression of the IRE1α/TRAF2/JNK pathway. Roflu has the potential as a protective drug for the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingtian Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Center for Brian Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China.
| | - Ningbo Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mengfan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yunyun Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Center for Brian Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhat A, Tan V, Heng B, Lovejoy DB, Sakharkar MK, Essa MM, Chidambaram SB, Guillemin GJ. Roflumilast, a cAMP-Specific Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor, Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Synapse Functions in Human Cortical Neurons Exposed to the Excitotoxin Quinolinic Acid. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4405-4415. [PMID: 33261317 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) enzymes is reported in several neurodegenerative diseases. PDE4 depletes cyclic 3'-5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and, in turn, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the key players in cognitive function. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism behind the protective effects of roflumilast (ROF), a cAMP-specific PDE4 inhibitor, against quinolinic acid (QUIN)-induced neurotoxicity using human primary cortical neurons. Cytotoxicity was analyzed using an MTS assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by DCF-DA and JC-10 staining, respectively. Caspase 3/7 activity was measured using an ApoTox-Glo Triplex assay kit. cAMP was measured using an ELISA kit. The protein expression of CREB, BDNF, SAP-97, synaptophysin, synapsin-I, and PSD-95 was analyzed by the Western blotting technique. QUIN exposure down-regulated CREB, BDNF, and synaptic protein expression in neurons. Pretreatment with ROF increased the intracellular cAMP, mitochondrial membrane potential, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) content and decreased the ROS and caspase 3/7 levels in QUIN-exposed neurons. ROF up-regulated the expression of synapse proteins SAP-97, synaptophysin, synapsin-I, PSD-95, and CREB and BDNF, which indicates its potential role in memory. This study suggests for the first time that QUIN causes pre- and postsynaptic protein damage. We further demonstrate the restorative effects of ROF on the mitochondrial membrane potential and antiapoptotic properties in human neurons. These data encourage further investigations to reposition ROF in neurodegenerative diseases and their associated cognitive deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abid Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Vanessa Tan
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Benjamin Heng
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - David B. Lovejoy
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Meena Kishore Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A2, Canada
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - Gilles J. Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Roflumilast: A potential drug for the treatment of cognitive impairment? Neurosci Lett 2020; 736:135281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Bhat A, Ray B, Mahalakshmi AM, Tuladhar S, Nandakumar DN, Srinivasan M, Essa MM, Chidambaram SB, Guillemin GJ, Sakharkar MK. Phosphodiesterase-4 enzyme as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105078. [PMID: 32673703 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are a diverse family of enzymes (11 isoforms so far identified) responsible for the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which are involved in several cellular and biochemical functions. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is the major isoform within this group and is highly expressed in the mammalian brain. An inverse association between PDE4 and cAMP levels is the key mechanism in various pathophysiological conditions like airway inflammatory diseases-chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders etc. In 2011, roflumilast, a PDE4 inhibitor (PDE4I) was approved for the treatment of COPD. Subsequently, other PDE4 inhibitors (PDE4Is) like apremilast and crisaborole were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for psoriasis, atopic dermatitis etc. Due to the adverse effects like unbearable nausea and vomiting, dose intolerance and diarrhoea, PDE4 inhibitors have very less clinical compliance. Efforts are being made to develop allosteric modulation with high specificity to PDE4 isoforms having better efficacy and lesser adverse effects. Interestingly, repositioning PDE4Is towards neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and sleep disorders, is gaining attention. This review is an attempt to summarize the data on the effects of PDE4 overexpression in neurological disorders and the use of PDE4Is and newer allosteric modulators as therapeutic options. We have also compiled a list of on-going clinical trials on PDE4 inhibitors in neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abid Bhat
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Bipul Ray
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Sunanda Tuladhar
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - D N Nandakumar
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), CFTRI Campus, Mysuru, 570020, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Meena Kishore Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107, Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang H, Zhang FF, Xu Y, Fu HR, Wang XD, Wang L, Chen W, Xu XY, Gao YF, Zhang JG, Zhang HT. The Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor Roflumilast, a Potential Treatment for the Comorbidity of Memory Loss and Depression in Alzheimer's Disease: A Preclinical Study in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:700-711. [PMID: 32645141 PMCID: PMC7727475 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is highly related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet no effective treatment is available. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) has been considered a promising target for treatment of AD and depression. Roflumilast, the first PDE4 inhibitor approved for clinical use, improves cognition at doses that do not cause side effects such as emesis. METHODS Here we examined the effects of roflumilast on behavioral dysfunction and the related mechanisms in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice, a widely used model of AD. Mice at 10 months of age were examined for memory in the novel object recognition and Morris water-maze tests and depression-like behavior in the tail-suspension test and forced swimming test before killing for neurochemical assays. RESULTS In the novel object recognition and Morris water-maze, APPswe/PS1dE9 mice showed significant cognitive declines, which were reversed by roflumilast at 5 and 10 mg/kg orally once per day. In the tail-suspension test and forced swimming test, the AD mice showed prolonged immobility time, which was also reversed by roflumilast. In addition, the staining of hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl showed that roflumilast relieved the neuronal cell injuries, while terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labelling analysis indicated that roflumilast ameliorated cell apoptosis in AD mice. Further, roflumilast reversed the decreased ratio of B-cell lymphoma-2/Bcl-2-associated X protein and the increased expression of PDE4B and PDE4D in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of AD mice. Finally, roflumilast reversed the decreased levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein and brain derived neurotrophic factor in AD mice. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results suggest that roflumilast not only improves learning and memory but also attenuates depression-like behavior in AD mice, likely via PDE4B/PDE4D-mediated cAMP/cAMP response element-binding protein/brain derived neurotrophic factor signaling. Roflumilast can be a therapeutic agent for AD, in particular the comorbidity of memory loss and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Fang-fang Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Hua-rong Fu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Xiao-dan Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Xiao-yan Xu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Yong-feng Gao
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Ji-guo Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry, the Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia,Correspondence: Han-Ting Zhang, MD, PhD, Department of Neuroscience, the Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506 ()
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sohn JMB, de Souza STF, Raymundi AM, Bonato J, de Oliveira RMW, Prickaerts J, Stern CA. Persistence of the extinction of fear memory requires late-phase cAMP/PKA signaling in the infralimbic cortex. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 172:107244. [PMID: 32376452 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fear extinction is a form of new learning that inhibits expression of the original fear memory without erasing the conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus association. Much is known about the mechanisms that underlie the acquisition of extinction, but the way in which fear extinction is maintained has been scarcely explored. Evidence suggests that protein kinase A (PKA) in the frontal cortex might be related to the persistence of extinction. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) specifically hydrolyzes cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The present study evaluated the effect of the selective PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast (ROF; 0.01, 0.03, and 0.1 mg/kg given i.p.) on acquisition and consolidation of the extinction of fear memory in male Wistar rats in a contextual fear conditioning paradigm. When administered before acquisition, 0.1 mg/kg ROF disrupted short-term (1 day) extinction recall. In contrast, 0.03 mg/kg ROF administration in the late consolidation phase (3 h after extinction learning) but not in the early phase immediately after learning improved long-term extinction recall at 11 days, suggesting potentiation of the persistence of extinction. This effect of ROF requires the first (day 1) exposure to the context. A similar effect was observed when 9 ng ROF or 30 µM 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cAMP (PKA activator) was directly infused in the infralimbic cortex (IL), a brain region necessary for memory extinction. The PKA activity-dependent ROF-induced effect in the IL was correlated with an increase in its brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression, while blockade of PKA with 10 µM H89 in the IL abolished the ROF-induced increase in BDNF expression and prevented the effect of ROF on extinction recall. These effects were not associated with changes in anxiety-like behavior or general exploratory behavior. Altogether, these findings suggest that cAMP-PKA activity in the IL during the late consolidation phase after extinction learning underlies the persistence of extinction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Maria Raymundi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Bonato
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, University of Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Understanding PDE4's function in Alzheimer's disease; a target for novel therapeutic approaches. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 47:1557-1565. [PMID: 31642904 PMCID: PMC6824677 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have long been considered as targets for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and a substantial body of evidence suggests that one sub-family from the super-family of PDEs, namely PDE4D, has particular significance in this context. This review discusses the role of PDE4 in the orchestration of cAMP response element binding signaling in AD and outlines the benefits of targeting PDE4D specifically. We examine the limited available literature that suggests PDE4 expression does not change in AD brains together with reports that show PDE4 inhibition as an effective treatment in this age-related neurodegenerative disease. Actually, aging induces changes in PDE4 expression/activity in an isoform and brain-region specific manner that proposes a similar complexity in AD brains. Therefore, a more detailed account of AD-related alterations in cellular/tissue location and the activation status of PDE4 is required before novel therapies can be developed to target cAMP signaling in this disease.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lerman LO, Kurtz TW, Touyz RM, Ellison DH, Chade AR, Crowley SD, Mattson DL, Mullins JJ, Osborn J, Eirin A, Reckelhoff JF, Iadecola C, Coffman TM. Animal Models of Hypertension: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Hypertension 2019; 73:e87-e120. [PMID: 30866654 DOI: 10.1161/hyp.0000000000000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most common chronic disease in the world, yet the precise cause of elevated blood pressure often cannot be determined. Animal models have been useful for unraveling the pathogenesis of hypertension and for testing novel therapeutic strategies. The utility of animal models for improving the understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of hypertension and its comorbidities depends on their validity for representing human forms of hypertension, including responses to therapy, and on the quality of studies in those models (such as reproducibility and experimental design). Important unmet needs in this field include the development of models that mimic the discrete hypertensive syndromes that now populate the clinic, resolution of ongoing controversies in the pathogenesis of hypertension, and the development of new avenues for preventing and treating hypertension and its complications. Animal models may indeed be useful for addressing these unmet needs.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang Y, Ma S, Wei F, Liang G, Yang X, Huang Y, Wang J, Zou Y. Pivotal role of cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway in manganese-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1052-1062. [PMID: 31161640 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) plays a critical role in individual growth and development, yet excessive exposure can result in neurotoxicity, especially cognitive impairment. Neuronal apoptosis is considered as one of the mechanisms of Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Recent evidence suggests that cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling regulates apoptosis and is associated with cognitive function. However, whether this pathway participates in Mn-induced neurotoxicity is not completely understood. To fill this gap, in vitro cultures of PC12 cells were exposed to 0, 400, 500, and 600 μmol/L Mn for 24 hours, respectively. Another group of cells were pretreated with 10.0 μmol/L rolipram (a phosphodiesterase-4 [PDE4] inhibitor) for 1 hour followed by 500 μmol/L Mn exposure for 24 hours. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot analysis were used to detect the apoptosis rate, protein levels of PDE4, cAMP signaling, and apoptosis-associated proteins, respectively. We found that Mn exposure significantly inhibited cAMP signaling and protein expression of Bcl-2, while increasing apoptosis rate, protein levels of PDE4, Bax, activated caspase-3, and activated caspase-8 in PC12 cells. Pretreatment of rolipram ameliorated Mn-induced deficits in cAMP signaling and apoptosis. These findings demonstrate that cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway-induced apoptosis is involved in Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shuyan Ma
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Fu Wei
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Guiqiang Liang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuman Huang
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sawamoto A, Okuyama S, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. Citrus flavonoid 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone induces BDNF via cAMP/ERK/CREB signaling and reduces phosphodiesterase activity in C6 cells. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:653-658. [PMID: 31195342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with onset of several central nervous system disorders, e.g., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, epilepsy, and chronic pain. In our previous in vivo studies using ischemic and depression mouse models, we revealed that citrus flavonoid 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF) exerts neuroprotective effects by enhancing the expression of BDNF in astrocytes within the hippocampus. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the mechanism of BDNF induction by HMF in vitro using rat C6 glioma cells. METHODS C6 glioma cells were treated with HMF (10 μM) or HMF + U0126 (10 μM), HMF + H89 (1 μM), or HMF + K252a (200 nM) for 48 h. The protein level of mature BDNF (m-BDNF), phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK) and phosphorylated-cAMP-response element binding protein (p-CREB) were measured using western blot analysis. To clarify the mechanism of HMF for increasing m-BDNF, the inhibitory effect of phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) and PDE4D, and intracellular cAMP levels were examined by ELISA. RESULTS Our findings revealed that the m-BDNF-inducing activity of HMF was abolished by U0126 but not by H89 or K252a. HMF was found to phosphorylate (activate) ERK and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), a BDNF transcription factor. HMF inhibited PDE4B and PDE4D activity. Moreover, 10 μM HMF elevated intracellular cAMP levels in C6 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that HMF might exert its neuroprotective effects by inducing m-BDNF expression in C6 cells, model cell line of astrocytes, via the activation of cAMP/ERK/CREB signaling and inhibiting PDE4B or PDE4D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Willeman MN, Chawla MK, Zempare MA, Biwer LA, Hoang LT, Uprety AR, Fitzhugh MC, De Both M, Coleman PD, Trouard TP, Alexander GE, Mitchell KD, Barnes CA, Hale TM, Huentelman M. Gradual hypertension induction in middle-aged Cyp1a1-Ren2 transgenic rats produces significant impairments in spatial learning. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14010. [PMID: 30916484 PMCID: PMC6436186 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major health concern in the developed world, and its prevalence increases with advancing age. The impact of hypertension on the function of the renal and cardiovascular systems is well studied; however, its influence on the brain regions important for cognition has garnered less attention. We utilized the Cyp1a1-Ren2 xenobiotic-inducible transgenic rat model to mimic both the age of onset and rate of induction of hypertension observed in humans. Male, 15-month-old transgenic rats were fed 0.15% indole-3-carbinol (I3C) chow to slowly induce renin-dependent hypertension over a 6-week period. Systolic blood pressure significantly increased, eventually reaching 200 mmHg by the end of the study period. In contrast, transgenic rats fed a control diet without I3C did not show significant changes in blood pressure (145 mmHg at the end of study). Hypertension was associated with cardiac, aortic, and renal hypertrophy as well as increased collagen deposition in the left ventricle and kidney of the I3C-treated rats. Additionally, rats with hypertension showed reduced savings from prior spatial memory training when tested on the hippocampus-dependent Morris swim task. Motor and sensory functions were found to be unaffected by induction of hypertension. Taken together, these data indicate a profound effect of hypertension not only on the cardiovascular-renal axis but also on brain systems critically important for learning and memory. Future use of this model and approach may empower a more accurate investigation of the influence of aging on the systems responsible for cardiovascular, renal, and neurological health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari N. Willeman
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Neurogenomics DivisionThe Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)PhoenixArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
| | - Monica K. Chawla
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
| | - Marc A. Zempare
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
| | - Lauren A Biwer
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine – PhoenixPhoenixArizona
| | - Lan T. Hoang
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
| | - Ajay R. Uprety
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
| | - Megan C. Fitzhugh
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Matthew De Both
- Neurogenomics DivisionThe Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)PhoenixArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
| | - Paul D. Coleman
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease ResearchBiodesign InstituteArizona State UniversityTempeArizona
| | - Theodore P. Trouard
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical ImagingUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary ProgramsUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Kenneth D. Mitchell
- Department of PhysiologyTulane University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLos Angeles
| | - Carol A. Barnes
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Taben M. Hale
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine – PhoenixPhoenixArizona
| | - Matthew Huentelman
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Neurogenomics DivisionThe Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)PhoenixArizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizona
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Erickson EK, Grantham EK, Warden AS, Harris RA. Neuroimmune signaling in alcohol use disorder. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 177:34-60. [PMID: 30590091 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread disease with limited treatment options. Targeting the neuroimmune system is a new avenue for developing or repurposing effective pharmacotherapies. Alcohol modulates innate immune signaling in different cell types in the brain by altering gene expression and the molecular pathways that regulate neuroinflammation. Chronic alcohol abuse may cause an imbalance in neuroimmune function, resulting in prolonged perturbations in brain function. Likewise, manipulating the neuroimmune system may change alcohol-related behaviors. Psychiatric disorders that are comorbid with AUD, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, and other substance use disorders, may also have underlying neuroimmune mechanisms; current evidence suggests that convergent immune pathways may be involved in AUD and in these comorbid disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of major neuroimmune cell-types and pathways involved in mediating alcohol behaviors, discuss potential mechanisms of alcohol-induced neuroimmune activation, and present recent clinical evidence for candidate immune-related drugs to treat AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma K Erickson
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA.
| | - Emily K Grantham
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA
| | - Anna S Warden
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA
| | - R A Harris
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Santiago A, Soares LM, Schepers M, Milani H, Vanmierlo T, Prickaerts J, Weffort de Oliveira RM. Roflumilast promotes memory recovery and attenuates white matter injury in aged rats subjected to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Neuropharmacology 2018; 138:360-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
23
|
Schaler AW, Myeku N. Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, activates proteasome-mediated proteolysis and attenuates tauopathy and cognitive decline. Transl Res 2018; 193:31-41. [PMID: 29232559 PMCID: PMC10075247 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and several variants of frontotemporal degeneration including progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration are characterized by the accumulation of abnormal tau protein into aggregates. Most proteins, including tau, are degraded via the ubiquitin proteasome system, but when abnormal tau accumulates, the function of 26S proteasomes is downregulated. The negative effect of tau aggregates on the function of the proteasome can have deleterious consequences on protein homeostasis and disease progression. Developing therapies aimed at clearing abnormal tau are thus of considerable interest. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cilostazol, an FDA-approved selective phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, on a mouse model of tauopathy (line rTg4510). Administration of cilostazol for 30 days enhanced proteasome function via the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate/protein kinase A pathway and attenuated tauopathy and cognitive decline in rTg4510 mice. These results suggest that cilostazol, or other FDA-approved drugs acting via the same pathway, has the potential to be repurposed for the treatment of patients with early-stage tauopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ari W Schaler
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Natura Myeku
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu Y, Li Z, Huang YY, Wu D, Luo HB. Novel Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors for Cognitive Improvement in Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5467-5483. [PMID: 29363967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the greatest public health challenges. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a superenzyme family responsible for the hydrolysis of two second messengers: cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Since several PDE subfamilies are highly expressed in the human brain, the inhibition of PDEs is involved in neurodegenerative processes by regulating the concentration of cAMP and/or cGMP. Currently, PDEs are considered as promising targets for the treatment of AD since many PDE inhibitors have exhibited remarkable cognitive improvement effects in preclinical studies and over 15 of them have been subjected to clinical trials. The aim of this review is to summarize the outstanding progress that has been made by PDE inhibitors as anti-AD agents with encouraging results in preclinical studies and clinical trials. The binding affinity, pharmacokinetics, underlying mechanisms, and limitations of these PDE inhibitors in the treatment of AD are also reviewed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Yi-You Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Deyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen J, Yu H, Zhong J, Feng H, Wang H, Cheng Y, Zou Z, Huang C, Zhou Z, Zheng W, Xu J. The phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, FCPR16, attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. Brain Res Bull 2017; 137:98-106. [PMID: 29155261 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Current phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors exert beneficial effects in central nervous system diseases via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, but many of them are plagued by side effects like nausea and emesis. FCPR16, a novel PDE4 inhibitor synthesized in our lab, has potential anti-inflammatory property. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of FCPR16 in a rat model of ischemic stroke and evaluate its emetogenic potential. Our results showed that FCPR16 treatment improved neurological function, reduced cerebral infarct volume, and attenuated brain histological changes in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R). Furthermore, levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β were decreased after FCPR16 treatment, as well as the ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein in MCAO/R rats. TUNEL staining and Western blot results showed that FCPR16 reduced apoptosis and regulated apoptotic-related proteins, with increased level of phosphorylated protein kinase B. Moreover, FCPR16 treatment increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in ischemic tissue. In addition, oral administration of 3mg/kg FCPR16 did not cause vomiting in beagle dogs. This study indicates that FCPR16 has protective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis via the cAMP/CREB pathway, while it has low emetogenic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiahong Zhong
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongfang Feng
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yufang Cheng
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhengqiang Zou
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chang Huang
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhongzhen Zhou
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Neuropharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yanai S, Ito H, Endo S. Long-term cilostazol administration prevents age-related decline of hippocampus-dependent memory in mice. Neuropharmacology 2017; 129:57-68. [PMID: 29122629 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that hydrolyze and inactivate 3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and/or 3', 5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The regulation of intracellular signaling pathways mediated by cyclic nucleotides is imperative to synaptic plasticity and memory in animals. Because PDEs play an important role in this regulation, PDE inhibitors are considered as candidate compounds for treating cognitive and memory disorders. In the present study, we tested whether cilostazol, a selective PDE3 inhibitor, prevents the cognitive deterioration that occurs during the course of normal aging in mice. Ten months of cilostazol administration (1.5%) in 13-month-old mice improved spatial memory when tested at 23 months of age. First, it prevented the decline in the ability of these aged mice to recognize a change in an object's location in the object recognition task. Second, spatial memory of these cilostazol-treated aged mice in the Morris water maze was comparable to that of untreated middle-aged mice (13 months old). Cilostazol administration had no effect on the emotional states and physical ability of aged mice. Thus, long-term cilostazol administration prevented hippocampus-dependent memory decline in aged mice, allowing them to achieve a level of cognitive performance similar to middle-aged mice and without negative behavioral side effects. Considering its well-established safety in other medical contexts, cilostazol may be a potential therapeutic candidate drug for staving off cognitive decline in the aging human population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Yanai
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hideki Ito
- Department of CNS Research, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
| | - Shogo Endo
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor roflumilast decreases ethanol consumption in C57BL/6J mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:2409-2419. [PMID: 28477089 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcohol use disorders have become one of the most damaging psychiatric disorders in the world; however, there are no ideal treatments in clinic. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), has been involved in alcohol use disorders. Roflumilast is the first PDE4 inhibitor approved for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in clinic. It was of particular interest to researchers to determine whether roflumilast altered ethanol consumption. OBJECTIVES The present study tried to determine the effects of roflumilast on ethanol intake and preference. METHODS We used the two-bottle choice paradigm to assess ethanol intake and preference in C57BL/6J mice treated with roflumilast (1, 3, or 10 mg/kg) or rolipram (0.5 mg/kg; positive control). The effect of roflumilast was verified using the ethanol drinking-in-dark (DID) test. Locomotor activity was examined using the open-field test. Intake of sucrose or quinine was also tested to determine whether natural reward preference and aversive stimuli were involved in the effect of PDE4 inhibitors. RESULTS Similar to rolipram, roflumilast decreased ethanol intake and preference in two-bottle choice and DID tests in a dose-dependent manner, with significant changes at the dose of 10 mg/kg; in contrast, roflumilast did not affect sucrose or quinine drinking, although it decreased locomotor activity at the high dose within 3 h of treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data provide novel demonstration for the effect of roflumilast on ethanol consumption and suggest that roflumilast may be beneficial for treatment of alcoholism.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang W, Zhang XY, Feng ZG, Wang DX, Zhang H, Sui B, Zhang YY, Zhao WX, Fu Q, Xu ZP, Mi WD. Overexpression of phosphodiesterase-4 subtypes involved in surgery-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction in mice. Brain Res Bull 2017; 130:274-282. [PMID: 28235598 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is characterized by cognitive impairments in patients after surgery. Hippocampal neuroinflammation induced by surgery is highly associated with POCD. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is an enzyme that specifically hydrolyses cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which plays an important role during neuroinflammation and the process of learning and memory. However, the role of PDE4 in the development of POCD remains unclear. Male 14-month-old C57BL/6 mice received carotid artery exposure to mimic POCD. First, we evaluated cognitive performance by a Morris water maze (MWM) and fear conditioning system (FCS) test after surgery. The expression of PDE4 subtypes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, p-CREB and PSD95 as well as cAMP levels were investigated. Then, we used rolipram, a PDE4 inhibitor, to block the effects of PDE4. The cognitive performance of the mice and the expression of PDE4 subtypes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, p-CREB and PSD95 as well as cAMP levels were examined again. Mice displayed learning and memory impairment, overexpression of PDE4B and PDE4D, elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduction in the expression of p-CREB, PSD95 and cAMP levels after surgery. The expression of PDE4B and PDE4D in the hippocampus decreased following blocking of PDE4 by rolipram. Meanwhile, rolipram attenuated the cognitive impairment and the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by surgery. Moreover, rolipram reversed the reduction of p-CREB and PSD95. These results indicate that PDE4 subtype overexpression may be involved in the development of surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zhang
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ze-Guo Feng
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Dong-Xin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Bo Sui
- Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Yong-Yi Zhang
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wei-Xing Zhao
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Zhi-Peng Xu
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Mi
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Effect of short-term exercise training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2017; 35:279-290. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|