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Sarkala HB, Jahanshahi M, Dolatabadi LK, Namavar MR. G-CSF improved the memory and dendritic morphology impairments in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after brain ischemia in the male rats. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2573-2581. [PMID: 37728699 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01286-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke remains the leading cause of death and disability in the world. A new potential treatment for stroke is the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), which exerts neuroprotective effects through multiple mechanisms. Memory impairment is the most common cognitive problem after a stroke. The suggested treatment for memory impairments is cognitive rehabilitation, which is often ineffective. The hippocampus plays an important role in memory formation. This project aimed to study the effect of G-CSF on memory and dendritic morphology of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)in rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: the sham, control (MCAO + Vehicle), and treatment (MCAO + G-CSF) groups. G-CSF (50 µg/kg S.C) was administered at 6, 24, and 48 h after brain ischemia induction. The passive avoidance task to evaluate learning and memory was performed on days 6 and 7 post-ischemia. Seven days after MCAO, the brain was removed and the hippocampal slices were stained with Golgi. After that, the neurons were analyzed for dendritic morphology and maturity. OUTCOMES The data showed that stroke was associated with a significant impairment in the acquisition and retention of passive avoidance tasks, while the G-CSF improved learning and memory loss. The dendritic length, arborization, spine density, and mature spines of the hippocampus CA1 neurons were significantly reduced in the control group, and treatment with G-CSF significantly increased these parameters. CONCLUSION G-CSF, even with three doses, improved learning and memory deficits, and dendritic morphological changes in the CA1 hippocampal neurons resulted from brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh Badeli Sarkala
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Jahanshahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Leila Kamali Dolatabadi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Namavar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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2
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Marques KL, Moreira ML, Thiele MC, Cunha-Rodrigues MC, Barradas PC. Depressive-like behavior and impaired synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex as later consequences of prenatal hypoxic-ischemic insult in rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 452:114571. [PMID: 37421988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns. Infants with HI encephalopathy may experience lasting consequences, such as depression, in adulthood. In this study, we examined depressive-like behavior, neuronal population, and markers of monoaminergic and synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adolescent rats subjected to a prenatal HI model. Pregnant rats underwent a surgery in which uterine and ovarian blood flow was blocked for 45 min at E18 (HI procedure). Sham-operated subjects were also generated (SH procedure). Behavioral tests were conducted on male and female pups from P41 to P43, and animals were histologically processed or dissected for western blotting at P45. We found that the HI groups consumed less sucrose in the sucrose preference test and remained immobile for longer periods in the forced swim test. Additionally, we observed a significant reduction in neuronal density and PSD95 levels in the HI group, as well as a smaller number of synaptophysin-positive cells. Our results underscore the importance of this model in investigating the effects of HI-induced injuries, as it reproduces an increase in depressive-like behavior and suggests that the HI insult affects circuits involved in mood modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kethely L Marques
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena L Moreira
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria C Thiele
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marta C Cunha-Rodrigues
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Penha C Barradas
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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3
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Guez-Barber D, Eisch AJ, Cristancho AG. Developmental Brain Injury and Social Determinants of Health: Opportunities to Combine Preclinical Models for Mechanistic Insights into Recovery. Dev Neurosci 2023; 45:255-267. [PMID: 37080174 PMCID: PMC10614252 DOI: 10.1159/000530745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that social determinants of health are among the strongest factors associated with developmental outcomes after prenatal and perinatal brain injuries, even when controlling for the severity of the initial injury. Elevated socioeconomic status and a higher level of parental education correlate with improved neurologic function after premature birth. Conversely, children experiencing early life adversity have worse outcomes after developmental brain injuries. Animal models have provided vital insight into mechanisms perturbed by developmental brain injuries, which have indicated directions for novel therapeutics or interventions. Animal models have also been used to learn how social environments affect brain maturation through enriched environments and early adverse conditions. We recognize animal models cannot fully recapitulate human social circumstances. However, we posit that mechanistic studies combining models of developmental brain injuries and early life social environments will provide insight into pathways important for recovery. Some studies combining enriched environments with neonatal hypoxic injury models have shown improvements in developmental outcomes, but further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these improvements. By contrast, there have been more limited studies of the effects of adverse conditions on developmental brain injury extent and recovery. Uncovering the biological underpinnings for early life social experiences has translational relevance, enabling the development of novel strategies to improve outcomes through lifelong treatment. With the emergence of new technologies to analyze subtle molecular and behavioral phenotypes, here we discuss the opportunities for combining animal models of developmental brain injury with social construct models to deconvolute the complex interactions between injury, recovery, and social inequity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Guez-Barber
- Division of Child Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amelia J. Eisch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ana G. Cristancho
- Division of Child Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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4
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Tunicamycin induces depression-like behaviors in male rats, accompanied by initiated chaperon-mediated autophagy and decreased synaptic protein expression in the hippocampus. Neurosci Lett 2023; 798:137058. [PMID: 36623760 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress participates in the occurrence and development of depression, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the behavioral performance and intracerebral molecular changes in an ER stress model of male rats. METHODS Intrahippocampal injection of tunicamycin (TM) was performed on male rats as a model of ER stress. The body weight was determined, and behavioral tests, including sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), and forced swimming test (FST), were performed to evaluate depressive and anxiety-like phenotypes within 8 days after injection. The levels of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), synaptic proteins, and neuroinflammation related factors in this model were measured via real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Intrahippocampal injection of TM (2 or 1 μg) induced depression-like behaviors in rats, as indicated by the reduced body weight, sucrose preference in SPT, central time in OFT, and increased immobility time in FST. The mRNA and protein levels of GRP78, ATF4, CHOP, LAMP2A, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly increased, while the expressions of MEF2D, PSD95, SYN, p-CREB (Ser133), and BDNF were significantly decreased in the hippocampus in the model group compared with the sham group. CONCLUSIONS These results confirmed that intrahippocampal injection of TM was a valid method to induce an ER stress rat model with depression-like behaviors accompanied by decreased synaptic protein expression and neuroinflammation. The alteration in CMA-related proteins in this ER stress depression model indicated the involvement of CMA in the development of depression.
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5
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Tang C, Jin Y, Wang H. The biological alterations of synapse/synapse formation in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2022; 14:1054605. [PMID: 36530954 PMCID: PMC9755596 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2022.1054605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication caused by sepsis, and is responsible for increased mortality and poor outcomes in septic patients. Neurological dysfunction is one of the main manifestations of SAE patients. Patients may still have long-term cognitive impairment after hospital discharge, and the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we first outline the pathophysiological changes of SAE, including neuroinflammation, glial activation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Synapse dysfunction is one of the main contributors leading to neurological impairment. Therefore, we summarized SAE-induced synaptic dysfunction, such as synaptic plasticity inhibition, neurotransmitter imbalance, and synapses loss. Finally, we discuss the alterations in the synapse, synapse formation, and mediators associated with synapse formation during SAE. In this review, we focus on the changes in synapse/synapse formation caused by SAE, which can further understand the synaptic dysfunction associated with neurological impairment in SAE and provide important insights for exploring appropriate therapeutic targets of SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huan Wang
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian, China
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Mishra A, Singla R, Kumar R, Sharma A, Joshi R, Sarma P, Kaur G, Prajapat M, Bhatia A, Medhi B. Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Improved Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder via Modulating Glutamatergic Receptors in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rat Brains. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2942-2961. [PMID: 36166499 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation-induced anomalous glutamate receptor activation has been identified as one of the important factors in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Thus, the current study was designed to elucidate the neuroprotective effect of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a haemopoietic growth factor, an anti-inflammatory, and a neuroprotectant to decipher the underlying mechanism(s) in the valproic acid (VPA)-induced experimental model of ASD. Experimentally, the ASD rat model was induced by a single dose of VPA (600 mg/kg; i.p.) on gestation day 12.5 to the pregnant female rats. After birth, pups were treated with vehicle, normal saline 0.9% i.p., risperidone (2.5 mg/kg; i.p.), and G-CSF (10, 35, and 70 μg/kg; i.p.) from postnatal day (PND) 23 to 43. All the groups were subjected to various developmental and behavior tests from birth. The rats were sacrificed on PND 55, and their brain was excised and processed for biochemical parameters (oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, BDNF), histological examination (H&E, Nissl staining), NMDA, and AMPA receptor expression by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction evaluation. Also, the possible interaction of the G-CSF with NMDA and AMPA receptors was evaluated using the in-silico method. The results of the study showed that in VPA-exposed rats, postnatal treatment of G-CSF rescued all the behavioral abnormalities, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters in a dose-dependent manner while risperidone did not show any significant results. The in-silico analysis showed the direct interaction of G-CSF with NMDA and AMPA receptors. The upregulated expression of NMDA and AMPA both in the prefrontal cortex as well as hippocampus was alleviated by G-CSF thereby validating its anti-inflammatory and excitoprotective properties. Thus, G-CSF demonstrated neuroprotection against the core symptoms of autism in the VPA-induced rodent model, making it a potential candidate for the treatment of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Rubal Singla
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - AmitRaj Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Rupa Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Phulen Sarma
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Manisha Prajapat
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh160012, India
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7
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Dandi E, Spandou E, Tata DA. Investigating the role of environmental enrichment initiated in adolescence against the detrimental effects of chronic unpredictable stress in adulthood: Sex-specific differences in behavioral and neuroendocrinological findings. Behav Processes 2022; 200:104707. [PMID: 35842198 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2022.104707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental Enrichment (EE) improves cognitive function and enhances brain plasticity, while chronic stress increases emotionality, impairs learning and memory, and has adverse effects on brain anatomy and biochemistry. We explored the beneficial role of environmental enrichment initiated in adolescence against the negative outcomes of Chronic Unpredictable Stress (CUS) during adulthood on emotional behavior, cognitive function, as well as somatic and neuroendocrine markers in both sexes. Adolescent Wistar rats housed either in enriched or standard housing conditions for 10 weeks. On postnatal day 66, a subgroup from each housing condition was daily exposed to a 4-week stress protocol. Following stress, adult rats underwent behavioral testing to evaluate anxiety, exploration/locomotor activity, depressive-like behavior and spatial learning/memory. Upon completion of behavioral testing, animals were exposed to a 10-m stressful event to test the neuroendocrine response to acute stress. CUS decreased body weight gain and increased adrenal weight. Some stress-induced behavioral adverse effects were sex-specific since learning impairments were limited to males while depressive-like behavior to females. EE housing protected against CUS-related behavioral deficits and body weight loss. Exposure to CUS affected the neuroendocrine response of males to acute stress as revealed by the increased corticosterone levels. Our findings highlight the significant role of EE in adolescence as a protective factor against the negative effects of stress and underline the importance of inclusion of both sexes in animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Dandi
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Spandou
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Despina A Tata
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Durán-Carabali LE, Odorcyk FK, Sanches EF, de Mattos MM, Anschau F, Netto CA. Effect of environmental enrichment on behavioral and morphological outcomes following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rodent models: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1970-1991. [PMID: 35040041 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns and, despite recent advances in neonatal intensive care, there is no definitive treatment for this pathology. Once preclinical studies have shown that environmental enrichment (EE) seems to be a promising therapy for children with HI, the present study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles with EE in HI rodent models focusing on neurodevelopmental reflexes, motor and cognitive function as well as brain damage. The protocol was registered a priori at PROSPERO. The search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO databases, resulting in the inclusion of 22 articles. Interestingly, EE showed a beneficial impact on neurodevelopmental reflexes (SMD= -0.73, CI= [-0.98; -0.47], p< 0.001, I2= 0.0%), motor function (SMD= -0.55, CI= [-0.81; -0.28], p< 0.001, I2= 62.6%), cognitive function (SMD= -0.93, CI= [-1.14; -0.72], p< 0.001, I2= 27.8%) and brain damage (SMD= -0.80, CI= [-1.03; -0.58], p< 0.001, I2= 10.7%). The main factors that potentiate EE positive effects were enhanced study quality, earlier age at injury as well as earlier start and longer duration of EE exposure. Overall, EE was able to counteract the behavioral and histological damage induced by the lesion, being a promising therapeutic strategy for HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Durán-Carabali
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - F K Odorcyk
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - E F Sanches
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M M de Mattos
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - F Anschau
- Medicine school, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduation Program on Evaluation and Production of Technologies for the Brazilian National Health System, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C A Netto
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil. .,Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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9
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Balıkcı A. Exploring Effects of the HEP (Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity) Approach as a Comprehensive Therapy Intervention for an Infant with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report. JOURNAL OF CHILD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) is a common non-progressive neurodevelopmental disorder which causes developmental disabilities in children. Varied interventions for CP exist to address medical and physical needs but with limited effectiveness evidence. Environmental enrichment (EE) is an animal model intervention for many neurodevelopmental disorders, including CP, with considerable positive effects. This case report defines the Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity (HEP) approach, which is based upon principles of EE and ecological theories of development and describes its use to promote the developmental and functional skills of an infant with CP. Parent interviews and assessment data were completed before and after intervention. For the interested parameters data was gathered by developmental history, systematic observation of behaviors in the clinical setting and at home, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Infant-Toddler Symptom Checklist, the Sensory Profile Infant/Toddler, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2, Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (GMFM-88), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The HEP approach intervention was implemented one time per week for 12 months. Following the HEP approach intervention, self-regulation and sensory processing scores improved. GMFM-88 total score improved from 45/264 to 123/264. The Peabody found all gross motor (54–110), fine motor (65–117), and total motor quotient (119–227) scores improved after intervention. Post-intervention observations showed obvious gross motor progress with movement from GMFCS Level IV to Level I. Performance on the Functional Skills Scales and Caregiver Assistance Scales of PEDI also demonstrated notable improvements. BAI scores revealed low anxiety scores for both the mother (13/63 points) and father (14/63) before intervention. These scores did not change after intervention. A definition and detailed description of the HEP approach intervention is presented here for the first time. The case report demonstrated preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the HEP approach on self-regulation, sensory processing, motor development, functional skills, and caregiver assistance with an infant with CP. Additional studies are needed to validate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Balıkcı
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fenerbahçe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Chen A, Chen X, Deng J, Zheng X. Research advances in the role of endogenous neurogenesis on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:986452. [PMID: 36299701 PMCID: PMC9589272 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.986452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is the main cause of perinatal mortality and neurologic complications in neonates, but it remains difficult to cure due to scarce treatments and complex molecular mechanisms remaining incompletely explained. Recent, mounting evidence shows that endogenous neurogenesis can improve neonatal neurological dysfunction post-HIBD. However, the capacity for spontaneous endogenous neurogenesis is limited and insufficient for replacing neurons lost to brain damage. Therefore, it is of great clinical value and social significance to seek therapeutic techniques that promote endogenous neurogenesis, to reduce neonatal neurological dysfunction from HIBD. This review summarizes the known neuroprotective effects of, and treatments targeting, endogenous neurogenesis following neonatal HIBD, to provide available targets and directions and a theoretical basis for the treatment of neonatal neurological dysfunction from HIBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Emergency Medical Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Co-Constructed Laboratory of "Belt and Road", Fuzhou, China
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11
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Brandt MJV, Nijboer CH, Nessel I, Mutshiya TR, Michael-Titus AT, Counotte DS, Schipper L, van der Aa NE, Benders MJNL, de Theije CGM. Nutritional Supplementation Reduces Lesion Size and Neuroinflammation in a Sex-Dependent Manner in a Mouse Model of Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Nutrients 2021; 14:176. [PMID: 35011052 PMCID: PMC8747710 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of neonatal brain injury, leading to long-term neurological impairments. Medical nutrition can be rapidly implemented in the clinic, making it a viable intervention to improve neurodevelopment after injury. The omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), uridine monophosphate (UMP) and choline have previously been shown in rodents to synergistically enhance brain phospholipids, synaptic components and cognitive performance. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of an experimental diet containing DHA, EPA, UMP, choline, iodide, zinc, and vitamin B12 in a mouse model of perinatal HI. Male and female C57Bl/6 mice received the experimental diet or an isocaloric control diet from birth. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was induced on postnatal day 9 by ligation of the right common carotid artery and systemic hypoxia. To assess the effects of the experimental diet on long-term motor and cognitive outcome, mice were subjected to a behavioral test battery. Lesion size, neuroinflammation, brain fatty acids and phospholipids were analyzed at 15 weeks after HI. The experimental diet reduced lesion size and neuroinflammation specifically in males. In both sexes, brain n-3 fatty acids were increased after receiving the experimental diet. The experimental diet also improved novel object recognition, but no significant effects on motor performance were observed. Current data indicates that early life nutritional supplementation with a combination of DHA, EPA, UMP, choline, iodide, zinc, and vitamin B12 may provide neuroprotection after perinatal HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna J. V. Brandt
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.J.V.B.); (C.H.N.)
| | - Cora H. Nijboer
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.J.V.B.); (C.H.N.)
| | - Isabell Nessel
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK; (I.N.); (T.R.M.); (A.T.M.-T.)
| | - Tatenda R. Mutshiya
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK; (I.N.); (T.R.M.); (A.T.M.-T.)
| | - Adina T. Michael-Titus
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK; (I.N.); (T.R.M.); (A.T.M.-T.)
| | | | - Lidewij Schipper
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands; (D.S.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Niek E. van der Aa
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.E.v.d.A.); (M.J.N.L.B.)
| | - Manon J. N. L. Benders
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.E.v.d.A.); (M.J.N.L.B.)
| | - Caroline G. M. de Theije
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.J.V.B.); (C.H.N.)
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12
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Spiess DA, Campos RMP, Conde L, Didwischus N, Boltze J, Mendez-Otero R, Pimentel-Coelho PM. Subacute AMD3100 Treatment Is Not Efficient in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Rats. Stroke 2021; 53:586-594. [PMID: 34794335 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.033768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite the advances in treating neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) with induced hypothermia, the rates of severe disability are still high among survivors. Preclinical studies have indicated that cell therapies with hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells could improve neurological outcomes in HIE. In this study, we investigated whether the administration of AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist that mobilizes hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells into the circulation, has therapeutic effects in HIE. METHODS P10 Wistar rats of both sexes were subjected to right common carotid artery occlusion or sham procedure, and then were exposed to hypoxia for 120 minutes. Two subcutaneous injections of AMD3100 or vehicle were given on the third and fourth day after HIE. We first assessed the interindividual variability in brain atrophy after experimental HIE and vehicle treatment in a small cohort of rats. Based on this exploratory analysis, we designed and conducted an experiment to test the efficacy of AMD3100. Brain atrophy on day 21 after HIE was defined as the primary end point. Secondary efficacy end points were cognitive (T-water maze) and motor function (rotarod) on days 17 and 18 after HIE, respectively. RESULTS AMD3100 did not decrease the brain atrophy in animals of either sex. Cognitive impairments were not observed in the T-water maze, but male hypoxic-ischemic animals exhibited motor coordination deficits on the rotarod, which were not improved by AMD3100. A separate analysis combining data from animals of both sexes also revealed no evidence of the effectiveness of AMD3100 treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the subacute treatment with AMD3100 does not improve structural and functional outcomes in a rat HIE model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Aparecida Spiess
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (D.A.S., R.M.P.C., L.C., R.M.-O., P.M.P.-C.)
| | - Raquel Maria Pereira Campos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (D.A.S., R.M.P.C., L.C., R.M.-O., P.M.P.-C.).,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (R.M.-O., P.M.P.-C.)
| | - Luciana Conde
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (D.A.S., R.M.P.C., L.C., R.M.-O., P.M.P.-C.)
| | - Nadine Didwischus
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, United Kingdom (N.D., J.B.)
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, United Kingdom (N.D., J.B.)
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (D.A.S., R.M.P.C., L.C., R.M.-O., P.M.P.-C.).,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (R.M.-O., P.M.P.-C.)
| | - Pedro Moreno Pimentel-Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (D.A.S., R.M.P.C., L.C., R.M.-O., P.M.P.-C.)
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13
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Deniz BF, Confortim HD, Miguel PM, Bronauth L, Fernandes IR, Muotri AR, Pereira LO. High gestational folic acid supplementation prevents hypoxia-ischemia-induced caspase-3 augmenting without changing synapsin and H3 methylation levels in the rat hippocampus. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:510-519. [PMID: 34021639 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia is a peripartum event that can cause permanent sequelae to the newborns, affecting the brain development. Recently, it has been demonstrated that epigenetics mechanisms play an important role in this injury and that folic acid (FA) supplementation during pregnancy can affect these epigenetics modifications as well as gene expression. We have identified both positive and negative effects of FA treatment in rats submitted to a model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Considering that FA supplementation is already used in pregnant women and that HI occurs in the peripartum period, this study was designated to evaluate how gestational FA supplementation and neonatal HI affect: apoptosis (caspase-3) and expression of synaptic proteins (synapsin and PSD-95) and the methylation of histone H3 lysine (K) 4 and 27 in the rat hippocampus. Pregnant Wistar rats were divided according to the diets: standard (SD), supplemented with 2 mg/kg of FA or with 20 mg/kg of FA. HI procedure was performed at the 7th PND. Protein expression and H3 methylation were evaluated at the 60th PND in the rats' hippocampus. Neonatal HI increased caspase-3 expression decreased synapsin expression and reduced H3K4me2, -me3 and H3K27me2, -me3 in the ipsilateral hippocampus. FA only prevented the augment in caspase-3 expression. In conclusion, neonatal HI caused lasting effects on caspase-3-mediated cell death (prevented by the FA) and synaptic proteins in the rats' hippocampus. This is the first study to show that histone modifications may contribute to these pathological findings in the hippocampus of HI animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ferrary Deniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Deola Confortim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maidana Miguel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Loise Bronauth
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Isabela R Fernandes
- Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alysson R Muotri
- Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lenir Orlandi Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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14
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Early environmental enrichment rescues memory impairments provoked by mild neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in adolescent mice. Behav Brain Res 2021; 407:113237. [PMID: 33798820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a consequence of a lack of oxygen and glucose support to the developing brain, which causes several neurodevelopmental impairments. Environmental enrichment (EE) is considered an option to recover the alterations observed in rodents exposed to HI. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early EE on memory, hippocampal volume and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bbnf) and glucocorticoid receptor (Nr3c1) gene expression of mice exposed to HI. At P10, pups underwent right carotid artery permanent occlusion followed by 35 min of 8% O2 hypoxic environment. Starting at P11, animals were reared in EE or in standard cage (HI-SC or SHAM-SC) conditions until behavioral testing (P45). SHAM pups did not undergo carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure. Memory performance was assessed in the Y-maze, Novel object recognition, and Barnes maze. Animals were then sacrificed for analysis of hippocampal volume and Bdnf and Nr3c1 gene expression. We observed that animals exposed to HI performed worse in all three tests compared to SHAM animals. Furthermore, HI animals exposed to EE did not differ from SHAM animals in all tasks. Moreover, HI decreased hippocampal volume, while animals reared in early EE were not different compared to SHAM animals. Animals exposed to HI also showed upregulated hippocampal Bdnf expression compared to SHAM animals. We conclude that early EE from P11 to P45 proved to be effective in recovering memory impairments and hippocampal volume loss elicited by HI. Nevertheless, Bdnf expression was not associated with the improvements in memory performance observed in animals exposed to EE after a hypoxic-ischemic event.
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15
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Dumbuya JS, Chen L, Wu JY, Wang B. The role of G-CSF neuroprotective effects in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE): current status. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:55. [PMID: 33612099 PMCID: PMC7897393 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of permanent damage to central nervous system (CNS) that may result in neonatal death or manifest later as mental retardation, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, or developmental delay. The primary cause of this condition is systemic hypoxemia and/or reduced cerebral blood flow with long-lasting neurological disabilities and neurodevelopmental impairment in neonates. About 20 to 25% of infants with HIE die in the neonatal period, and 25-30% of survivors are left with permanent neurodevelopmental abnormalities. The mechanisms of hypoxia-ischemia (HI) include activation and/or stimulation of myriad of cascades such as increased excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor hyperexcitability, mitochondrial collapse, inflammation, cell swelling, impaired maturation, and loss of trophic support. Different therapeutic modalities have been implicated in managing neonatal HIE, though translation of most of these regimens into clinical practices is still limited. Therapeutic hypothermia, for instance, is the most widely used standard treatment in neonates with HIE as studies have shown that it can inhibit many steps in the excito-oxidative cascade including secondary energy failure, increases in brain lactic acid, glutamate, and nitric oxide concentration. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein that has been implicated in stimulation of cell survival, proliferation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils. Extensive studies both in vivo and ex vivo have shown the neuroprotective effect of G-CSF in neurodegenerative diseases and neonatal brain damage via inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation. Yet, there are still few experimentation models of neonatal HIE and G-CSF's effectiveness, and extrapolation of adult stroke models is challenging because of the evolving brain. Here, we review current studies and/or researches of G-CSF's crucial role in regulating these cytokines and apoptotic mediators triggered following neonatal brain injury, as well as driving neurogenesis and angiogenesis post-HI insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sieh Dumbuya
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Jang-Yen Wu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China.
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16
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de Almeida W, Confortim HD, Deniz BF, Miguel PM, Vieira MC, Bronauth L, Dos Santos AS, Bertoldi K, Siqueira IR, Pereira LO. Acrobatic exercise recovers object recognition memory impairment in hypoxic-ischemic rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 81:60-70. [PMID: 33135304 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) can lead to cognitive impairments and motor dysfunction. Acrobatic exercises (AE) were proposing as therapeutic option to manage HI motor deficits, however, the cognitive effects after this treatment are still poorly understood. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of AE protocol on memory impairments and brain plasticity markers after Rice-Vannucci HI rodent model. Wistar rats on the 7th postnatal day (PND) were submitted to HI model and after weaning (PND22) were trained for 5 weeks with AE protocol, then subsequently submitted to cognitive tests. Our results showed recovery in novel object recognition (NOR) memory, but not, spatial Morris Water Maze (WM) memory after AE treatment in HI rats. BDNF and synaptophysin neuroplasticity markers indicate plastic alterations in the hippocampus and striatum, with maintenance of synaptophysin despite the reduction of total volume tissue, besides, hippocampal HI-induced ipsilateral BDNF increased, and striatum contralateral BDNF decreased were noted. Nevertheless, the exercise promoted functional recovery and seems to be a promising strategy for HI treatment, however, future studies identifying neuroplastic pathway for this improvement are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Deola Confortim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,UNIVEL Centro Universitário, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ferrary Deniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maidana Miguel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Milene Cardoso Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Loise Bronauth
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Karine Bertoldi
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lenir Orlandi Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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17
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Brancato A, Castelli V, Lavanco G, Cannizzaro C. Environmental Enrichment During Adolescence Mitigates Cognitive Deficits and Alcohol Vulnerability due to Continuous and Intermittent Perinatal Alcohol Exposure in Adult Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:583122. [PMID: 33100982 PMCID: PMC7546794 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.583122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal alcohol exposure affects ontogenic neurodevelopment, causing physical and functional long-term abnormalities with limited treatment options. This study investigated long-term consequences of continuous and intermittent maternal alcohol drinking on behavioral readouts of cognitive function and alcohol vulnerability in the offspring. The effects of environmental enrichment (EE) during adolescence were also evaluated. Female rats underwent continuous alcohol drinking (CAD)—or intermittent alcohol drinking paradigm (IAD), along pregestation, gestation, and lactation periods—equivalent to the whole gestational period in humans. Male offspring were reared in standard conditions or EE until adulthood and were then assessed for declarative memory in the novel object recognition test; spatial learning, cognitive flexibility, and reference memory in the Morris water maze (MWM); alcohol consumption and relapse by a two-bottle choice paradigm. Our data show that perinatal CAD decreased locomotor activity, exploratory behavior, and declarative memory with respect to controls, whereas perinatal IAD displayed impaired declarative memory and spatial learning and memory. Moreover, both perinatal alcohol-exposed offspring showed higher vulnerability to alcohol consummatory behavior than controls, albeit perinatal IAD rats showed a greater alcohol consumption and relapse behavior with respect to perinatal-CAD progeny. EE ameliorated declarative memory in perinatal CAD, while it mitigated spatial learning and reference memory impairment in perinatal-IAD progeny. In addition, EE decreased vulnerability to alcohol in both control and perinatal alcohol-exposed rats. Maternal alcohol consumption produces drinking pattern-related long-term consequences on cognition and vulnerability to alcohol in the offspring. However, increased positive environmental stimuli during adolescence may curtail the detrimental effects of developmental alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brancato
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Castelli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lavanco
- INSERM U1215, NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties of Excellence "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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18
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Li M, Zhao Y, Zhan Y, Yang L, Feng X, Lu Y, Lei J, Zhao T, Wang L, Zhao H. Enhanced white matter reorganization and activated brain glucose metabolism by enriched environment following ischemic stroke: Micro PET/CT and MRI study. Neuropharmacology 2020; 176:108202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Wang X, Li W, Li Z, Ma Y, Yan J, Wilson JX, Huang G. Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation During Pregnancy Promotes Neurogenesis and Synaptogenesis in Neonatal Rat Offspring. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3390-3397. [PMID: 30137237 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is associated with improved cognitive performances in offspring. However, the effect of supplementation on offspring's neurogenesis and synaptogenesis is unknown, and whether supplementation should be continued throughout pregnancy is controversial. In present study, 3 groups of female rats were fed a folate-normal diet, folate-deficient diet, or folate-supplemented diet from 1 week before mating until the end of pregnancy. A fourth group fed folate-normal diet from 1 week before mating until mating, then fed folate-supplemented diet for 10 consecutive days, then fed folate-normal diet until the end of pregnancy. Offspring were sacrificed on postnatal day 0 for measurement of neurogenesis and synaptogenesis by immunofluorescence and western blot. Additionally neural stem cells (NSCs) were cultured from offspring's hippocampus for immunocytochemical measurement of their rates of proliferation and neuronal differentiation. The results demonstrated that maternal folic acid supplementation stimulated hippocampal neurogenesis by increasing proliferation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs, and also enhanced synaptogenesis in cerebral cortex of neonatal offspring. Hippocampal neurogenesis was stimulated more when supplementation was continued throughout pregnancy instead of being limited to the periconceptional period. In conclusion, maternal folic acid supplementation, especially if continued throughout pregnancy, improves neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in neonatal offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenshu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - John X Wilson
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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20
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Tata DA, Dandi E, Spandou E. Expression of synaptophysin and BDNF in the medial prefrontal cortex following early life stress and neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 63:173-182. [PMID: 32623722 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating whether early stress interacts with brain injury due to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). To this end, we examined possible changes in synaptophysin (SYN) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of maternally separated rats that were subsequently exposed to a HI episode. Rat pups (n = 11) were maternally separated during postnatal days 1 to 6 (3hr/day), while another group was left undisturbed (n = 11). On postnatal day 7, a subgroup (n = 12) from each postnatal manipulation was exposed to HI. Synaptophysin and BDNF expression was estimated in mPFC prelimbic and anterior cingulate subregions of the ipsilateral and contralateral to the occluded common carotid artery hemispheres. Maternally separated rats expressed significantly less BDNF and SYN in both hemispheres. Neonatal HI significantly reduced BDNF and SYN expression in the ipsilateral mPFC only and this reduction was not further altered by early stress. Our findings indicate the enduring negative effect of a short period of maternal separation on the expression of mPFC SYN and BDNF. They, also, reveal that the HI-associated decreases in these markers are limited to the ipsilateral mPFC and are not exacerbated by early stress. These decreases may have important functional implications given the role of prefrontal area in high-order cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina A Tata
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evgenia Dandi
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Spandou
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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21
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Hong S, Huang H, Yang M, Wu H, Wang L. Enriched Environment Decreases Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Rats With Prenatal Mobile Phone Exposure. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:162. [PMID: 32581772 PMCID: PMC7287020 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobile phone use has rapidly increased worldwide, and pregnant women are passively or actively exposed to the associated electromagnetic radiation. Maternal cell phone exposure is related to behavioral difficulties in young offspring. However, whether prenatal mobile phone exposure can predispose the elderly offspring to cognitive impairment is unclear. The enriched environment (EE) has shown positive effects on cognition in an immature brain, but its impact on aging offspring after prenatal cell phone exposure is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether prenatal exposure to mobile phone exerts long-term effects on cognition in elderly rat offspring and whether EE during adulthood can rescue cognitive impairment by altering the synaptic plasticity. Pregnant rats were subjected to prenatal short-term or long-term cell phone exposure and offspring rats were randomly assigned to standard or EE. Spatial learning and memory were investigated using Morris water maze (MWM) in elderly rat offspring. Hippocampal cellular morphology was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and synaptic ultrastructure was evaluated with transmission electron microscopy. Expression of synaptophysin (SYN), postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were detected by western blot. The results demonstrated that prenatal long-term but not short-term exposure to mobile phone lead to cognitive impairment, morphological changes in the hippocampal cells, reduced synaptic number, decreased SYN, PSD-95, and BDNF expression in elderly offspring, which were alleviated by postnatal EE housing. These findings suggest that prenatal long-term mobile phone exposure may pose life-long adverse effects on elderly offspring and impair cognition by disrupting the synaptic plasticity, which may be reversed by postnatal EE housing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyan Hong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Honghong Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Meili Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Haining Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Lingxing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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22
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Early-life N-arachidonoyl-dopamine exposure increases antioxidant capacity of the brain tissues and reduces functional deficits after neonatal hypoxia in rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2019; 78:7-18. [PMID: 31369794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia is one of the most common causes of perinatal brain injury and subsequent neurological disorders in children. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of N-arachidonoyl-dopamine (NADA) in the model of acute neonatal hypoxia (ANH) in rat pups. Male and female Wistar rats were exposed to a hypoxic condition (8% oxygen for 120 min) at postnatal day 2 (P2). Transcription factor HIF1-α and glutathione peroxidases GPx2 and GPx4 gene expression was increased in rat brains in the hypoxic group compared to control 1.5 h but not 4 days after ANH. There were no post-hypoxic changes in reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione levels in the brain of rat pups 1.5 h and 4 d after hypoxia. Hypoxic rats displayed retarded performance in the righting reflex and the negative geotaxis tests. ANH resulted in increased ambulation in Open field test and impaired retention in the Barnes maze task under stressful conditions as compared with the control group. Treatment with NADA significantly attenuated the delayed development of sensorimotor reflexes and stress-evoked disruption of memory retention in hypoxic rats but had no effect on the hypoxia-induced hyperactivity. In rats exposed to hypoxia, treatment with NADA decreased GPx2 gene expression and increased GSH/GSSG ratio in whole brains 1.5 h after ANH. These results suggest that the long-lasting beneficial effects of NADA on hypoxia-induced neurobehavioural deficits are mediated, at least in part, by its antioxidant properties.
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Zhan Y, Li MZ, Yang L, Feng XF, Zhang QX, Zhang N, Zhao YY, Zhao H. An MRI Study of Neurovascular Restorative After Combination Treatment With Xiaoshuan Enteric-Coated Capsule and Enriched Environment in Rats After Stroke. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:701. [PMID: 31354412 PMCID: PMC6630081 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsule (XSEC) is a Chinese medicinal compound widely used for treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Enriched environment (EE) is an effective rehabilitative protocol designed to enhance sensorimotor, cognitive and social stimulation. This study aimed to apply magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to non-invasively assess whether EE could augment the therapeutic benefits of XSEC on post-ischemic neurovascular remodeling. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and treated with XSEC and EE alone or combination for 30 consecutive days. Beam walking test and Morris water maze (MWM) test were performed to evaluate motor and cognitive function, respectively. Multimodal MRI was applied to examine alterations to brain structures, intracranial vessels, and cerebral perfusion on the 31st day after MCAO. Double-immunofluorescent staining was used to evaluate neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and the axon guidance molecules. Combination therapy with XSEC and EE significantly reduced cystic volume compared with XSEC and EE monotherapies. In line with this, combination treated rats performed better in the beam walking test and exhibited improved spatial memory in the probe trial of the MWM. Moreover, XSEC and EE combination treatment improved cerebral blood flow (CBF), amplified angiogenesis and upregulated VEGF protein levels. This proangiogenic effect was consistent with the increased progenitor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the peri-infarct cortex and striatum. Specifically, the combined therapy of XSEC and EE markedly increased the Netrin-1 and Robo-1 protein expression levels compared with vehicle group, while no difference was observed between XSEC or EE monotherapy and vehicle group. Together, these findings indicate that the combination of XSEC and EE benefits neurovascular reorganization. This correlates with restoration of CBF, promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and activation of the intrinsic axonal guidance molecules, thereby facilitating greater physical rehabilitation after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Man-Zhong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Le Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- Medical Imaging Laboratory of Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
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Lima-Ojeda JM, Mallien AS, Brandwein C, Lang UE, Hefter D, Inta D. Altered prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in BDNF-deficient mice in a model of early postnatal hypoxia: implications for schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 269:439-447. [PMID: 29453493 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major proliferative agent in the nervous system. Both BDNF-deficiency and perinatal hypoxia represent genetic/environmental risk factors for schizophrenia. Moreover, a decreased BDNF response to birth hypoxia was associated with the disease. BDNF expression is influenced by neuronal activity and environmental conditions such as hypoxia. Thus, it may partake in neuroprotective and reparative mechanisms in acute or chronic neuronal insults. However, the interaction of hypoxia and BDNF is insufficiently understood and the behavioral outcome unknown. Therefore, we conducted a battery of behavioral tests in a classical model of chronic early postnatal mild hypoxia (10% O2), known to significantly impair brain development, in BDNF-deficient mice. We found selective deficits in measures associated with sensorimotor gating, namely enhanced acoustic startle response (ASR) and reduced prepulse inhibition (PPI) of ASR in BDNF-deficient mice. Unexpectedly, the alterations of sensorimotor gating were caused only by BDNF-deficiency alone, whereas hypoxia failed to evoke severe deficits and even leads to a milder phenotype in BDNF-deficient mice. As deficits in sensorimotor gating are present in schizophrenia and animal models of the disease, our results are of relevance regarding the involvement of BDNF in its pathogenesis. On the other hand, they suggest that the effect of perinatal hypoxia on long-term brain abnormalities is complex, ranging from protective to deleterious actions, and may critically depend on the degree of hypoxia. Therefore, future studies may refine existing hypoxia protocols to better understand neurodevelopmental consequences associated with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Lima-Ojeda
- RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anne S Mallien
- RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane Brandwein
- RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Undine E Lang
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4012, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Hefter
- RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dragos Inta
- RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4012, Basel, Switzerland.
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25
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Yang L, Dong Y, Wu C, Li Y, Guo Y, Yang B, Zong X, Hamblin MR, Cheng-Yi Liu T, Zhang Q. Photobiomodulation preconditioning prevents cognitive impairment in a neonatal rat model of hypoxia-ischemia. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800359. [PMID: 30652418 PMCID: PMC6546525 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) injury caused by oxygen deprivation is the most common cause of mortality and severe neurologic deficits in neonates. The present work evaluated the preventative effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) preconditioning, and its underlying mechanism of action on brain damage in an HI model in neonatal rats. According to the optimal time response of ATP levels in brain samples removed from normal rats, a PBM preconditioning (PBM-P) regimen (808 nm CW laser, 1 cm2 spot, 100 mW/cm2 , 12 J/cm2 ) was delivered to the scalp 6 hours before HI. PBM-P significantly attenuated cognitive impairment, volume shrinkage in the brain, neuron loss, dendritic and synaptic injury after HI. Further mechanistic investigation found that PBM-P could restore HI-induced mitochondrial dynamics and inhibit mitochondrial fragmentation, followed by a robust suppression of cytochrome c release, and prevention of neuronal apoptosis by inhibition of caspase activation. Our work suggests that PBM-P can attenuate HI-induced brain injury by maintaining mitochondrial dynamics and inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, GD 510006, China
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, GD 510006, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Yichen Guo
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Baocheng Yang
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, GD 510006, China
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, GD 510006, China
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26
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Giacobbo BL, de Freitas BS, Vedovelli K, Schlemmer LM, Pires VN, Antoniazzi V, Santos CDSD, Paludo L, Borges JV, de Lima DB, Schröder N, de Vries EFJ, Bromberg E. Long-term environmental modifications affect BDNF concentrations in rat hippocampus, but not in serum. Behav Brain Res 2019; 372:111965. [PMID: 31125621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of mBDNF on the beneficial effects of cognitive stimulation on the brain remains controversial, as well as the potential of peripheral mBDNF as a biomarker of environmental effects on its central status. We investigated the effect of different environmental conditions on recognition memory, proBDNF, mBDNF and synaptophysin levels in the hippocampus, and on mBDNF levels in blood. Male Wistar rats (6 and 17 months-old) were assigned to cognitively enriched (EE), standard (SE) and impoverished (IE) environmental conditions for twelve weeks. Novel object recognition was performed at week 10. When the animals were 9 and 20-months old, hippocampus was collected for mBDNF, proBDNF and synaptophysin analysis; serum was analyzed for mBDNF levels. The cognitively EE improved recognition memory, resulted in a trend to increased hippocampal mBDNF and augmented synaptophysin levels. Accordingly, hippocampal mBDNF, proBDNF and synaptophysin were significantly higher in EE than IE animals. Hippocampal mBDNF was positively correlated to proBDNF, cellular and behavioral plasticity markers. No effect of age was seen on the studied variables. Moreover, no significant effects of EE or IE on serum mBDNF were observed. Serum mBDNF also failed to correlate with hippocampal mBDNF, proBDNF and with the cellular and behavioral plasticity markers. These findings indicate that mBDNF is involved in neuronal and behavioral plasticity mechanisms induced by cognitively enriched environments, and that peripheral mBDNF may not always be a reliable biomarker of the effects of environmental settings on central mBDNF and plasticity, which is of special interest from a translational research perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kelem Vedovelli
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lívia Machado Schlemmer
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Naziaseno Pires
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Antoniazzi
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristophod de Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leticia Paludo
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliano Viana Borges
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daiane Borba de Lima
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
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Short-, Mid-, and Long-Term Effect of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/Stem Cell Factor and Fms-Related Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand Evaluated in an In Vivo Model of Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Ischemic Neonatal Brain Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5935279. [PMID: 31001556 PMCID: PMC6436372 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5935279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic growth factors are considered to bear neuroprotective potential. We have previously shown that delayed treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)/stem cell factor (SCF) and Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FL) ameliorates excitotoxic neonatal brain injury. The effect of these substances in combined-stressor neonatal brain injury models more closely mimicking clinical conditions has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the short-, mid-, and long-term neuroprotective potential of G-CSF/SCF and FL in a neonatal model of hypoxic-hyperoxic ischemic brain injury. Five-day-old (P5) CD-1 mice were subjected to unilateral common carotid artery ligation and subsequent alternating periods of hypoxia and hyperoxia for 65 minutes. Sixty hours after injury, pups were randomly assigned to intraperitoneal treatment with (i) G-CSF (200 μg/kg)/SCF (50 μg/kg), (ii) FL (100 μg/kg), or (iii) vehicle every 24 hours for three or five consecutive days. Histopathological and functional outcomes were evaluated on P10, P18, and P90. Baseline outcome parameters were established in sham-treated and healthy control animals. Gross brain injury did not significantly differ between treatment groups at any time point. On P10, caspase-3 activation and caspase-independent apoptosis were similar between treatment groups; cell proliferation and the number of BrdU-positive vessels did not differ on P18 or P90. Neurobehavioral assessment did not reveal significant differences between treatment groups in accelerod performance, open field behavior, or novel object recognition capacity on P90. Turning behavior was more frequently observed in G-CSF/SCF- and FL-treated animals. No sex-specific differences were detected in any outcome parameter evaluated. In hypoxic-hyperoxic ischemic neonatal brain injury, G-CSF/SCF and FL treatment does not convey neuroprotection. Prior to potential clinical use, meticulous assessment of these hematopoietic growth factors is mandated.
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28
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Confortim HD, Deniz BF, de Almeida W, Miguel PM, Bronauth L, Vieira MC, de Oliveira BC, Pereira LO. Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia caused mild motor dysfunction, recovered by acrobatic training, without affecting morphological structures involved in motor control in rats. Brain Res 2018; 1707:27-44. [PMID: 30448443 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluated motor function and morphological aspects of the components involved in motor control (sensorimotor cortex, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, neuromuscular junctions and skeletal muscle) in male Wistar rats exposed to a model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the possible influence of different physical exercise protocols - treadmill and acrobatic. Male Wistar rats at the 7th post-natal day (PND) were submitted to the HIE model and from the 22nd until 60th PND the exercise protocols (treadmill or acrobatic training) were running. After the training, the animals were evaluated in Open Field, Ladder Rung Walking and Rotarod tasks and after samples of the motor control components were collected. Our results evidenced that the acrobatic training reversed the hyperactivity and anxiety, caused locomotion improvement and decreased brain atrophy in HIE animals. We did not find morphological differences on sensorimotor cortex, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, neuromuscular junctions and skeletal muscle in the animals submitted to HIE model. These intriguing data support the statement of the Rice-Vannucci model does not seem to reproduce, in structures involved in control function, the damage found in humans that suffer HIE. Regarding the protocols of exercise, we proposed that the acrobatic exercise could be a good therapeutic option especially in children affected by neonatal HIE and can be responsible for good results in cognitive and motor aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa Deola Confortim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ferrary Deniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Wellington de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maidana Miguel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Loise Bronauth
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milene Cardoso Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Chaves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenir Orlandi Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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29
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Holubiec MI, Romero JI, Suárez J, Portavella M, Fernández-Espejo E, Blanco E, Galeano P, de Fonseca FR. Palmitoylethanolamide prevents neuroinflammation, reduces astrogliosis and preserves recognition and spatial memory following induction of neonatal anoxia-ischemia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2929-2945. [PMID: 30058012 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONAL Neonatal anoxia-ischemia (AI) particularly affects the central nervous system. Despite the many treatments that have been tested, none of them has proven to be completely successful. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) are acylethanolamides that do not bind to CB1 or CB2 receptors and thus they do not present cannabinoid activity. These molecules are agonist compounds of peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor alpha (PPARα), which modulates the expression of different genes that are related to glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, differentiation and proliferation. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we analyzed the effects that the administration of PEA or OEA, after a neonatal AI event, has over different areas of the hippocampus. METHODS To this end, 7-day-old rats were subjected to AI and then treated with vehicle, OEA (2 or 10 mg/kg) or PEA (2 or 10 mg/kg). At 30 days of age, animals were subjected to behavioral tests followed by immunohistochemical studies. RESULTS Results showed that neonatal AI was associated with decreased locomotion, as well as recognition and spatial memory impairments. Furthermore, these deficits were accompanied with enhanced neuroinflammation and astrogliosis, as well as a decreased PPARα expression. PEA treatment was able to prevent neuroinflammation, reduce astrogliosis and preserve cognitive functions. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the acylethanolamide PEA may play an important role in the mechanisms underlying neonatal AI, and it could be a good candidate for further studies regarding neonatal AI treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana I Holubiec
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, C1405BWE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Romero
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, C1405BWE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Suárez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Portavella
- Laboratorio de Conducta Animal y Neurociencia, Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Camilo José Cela s/n, 41018, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Emilio Fernández-Espejo
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología y Neurología Molecular, Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán 4, 41009, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eduardo Blanco
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Pablo Galeano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, C1405BWE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
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Deniz BF, Confortim HD, Deckmann I, Miguel PM, Bronauth L, de Oliveira BC, Barbosa S, Cechinel LR, Siqueira IR, Pereira LO. Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy prevents cognitive impairments and BDNF imbalance in the hippocampus of the offspring after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 60:35-46. [PMID: 30064014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) supplementation (400 μg/day) has been recommended during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects. However, in some countries, flours are required to be fortified with FA, possibly increasing the levels of this vitamin in pregnant women. Our previous studies have evidenced a dual effect of the FA treatment in a rat model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Aiming to better correlate with humans, this paper evaluated the effects of two different levels of FA supplementation during pregnancy on memory parameters and neuronal survival and plasticity in the hippocampus of rats submitted to the neonatal HI. During pregnancy, female Wistar rats received one of these diets: standard (SD), supplemented with 2 mg/kg of FA or with 20 mg/kg of FA. At the 7th PND, rats suffered the HI procedure. At the 60th PND rats were evaluated in the open field, Morris water maze, novel-object recognition and inhibitory avoidance tasks. Furthermore, neuronal density, synaptophysin densitometry and BDNF concentration were assessed in the hippocampus. Both doses of FA prevented the HI-induced memory impairments. The supplementation reversed the BDNF late increase in the hippocampus of the HI rats, but did not inhibit the neuronal death. In conclusion, FA supplementation during pregnancy prevented memory deficits and BDNF imbalance after neonatal HI. These findings are particularly relevant because neuroprotection was achieved even in the high level of FA supplementation during pregnancy, indicating that this intervention would be considered secure for the offspring development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ferrary Deniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Deola Confortim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iohanna Deckmann
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maidana Miguel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Loise Bronauth
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Chaves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Barbosa
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Reck Cechinel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 320, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 320, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenir Orlandi Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, sala 107, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050- 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Hernández-Hernández EM, Caporal Hernandez K, Vázquez-Roque RA, Díaz A, de la Cruz F, Florán B, Flores G. The neuropeptide-12 improves recognition memory and neuronal plasticity of the limbic system in old rats. Synapse 2018; 72:e22036. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.22036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Caporal Hernandez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; Puebla México
| | - Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; 14 Sur 6301, Puebla México
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; Puebla México
| | - Fidel de la Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología; Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN, CDMEX; México
| | - Benjamin Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias; Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados IPN, DF; México
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; 14 Sur 6301, Puebla México
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Dandi Ε, Kalamari A, Touloumi O, Lagoudaki R, Nousiopoulou E, Simeonidou C, Spandou E, Tata DA. Beneficial effects of environmental enrichment on behavior, stress reactivity and synaptophysin/BDNF expression in hippocampus following early life stress. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 67:19-32. [PMID: 29545098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to environmental enrichment can beneficially influence the behavior and enhance synaptic plasticity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediated effects of environmental enrichment on postnatal stress-associated impact with regard to behavior, stress reactivity as well as synaptic plasticity changes in the dorsal hippocampus. Wistar rat pups were submitted to a 3 h maternal separation (MS) protocol during postnatal days 1-21, while another group was left undisturbed. On postnatal day 23, a subgroup from each rearing condition (maternal separation, no-maternal separation) was housed in enriched environmental conditions until postnatal day 65 (6 weeks duration). At approximately three months of age, adult rats underwent behavioral testing to evaluate anxiety (Elevated Plus Maze), locomotion (Open Field Test), spatial learning and memory (Morris Water Maze) as well as non-spatial recognition memory (Novel Object Recognition Test). After completion of behavioral testing, blood samples were taken for evaluation of stress-induced plasma corticosterone using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while immunofluorescence was applied to evaluate hippocampal BDNF and synaptophysin expression in dorsal hippocampus. We found that environmental enrichment protected against the effects of maternal separation as indicated by the lower anxiety levels and the reversal of spatial memory deficits compared to animals housed in standard conditions. These changes were associated with increased BDNF and synaptophysin expression in the hippocampus. Regarding the neuroendocrine response to stress, while exposure to an acute stressor potentiated corticosterone increases in maternally-separated rats, environmental enrichment of these rats prevented this effect. The current study aimed at investigating the compensatory role of enriched environment against the negative outcomes of adverse experiences early in life concurrently on emotional and cognitive behaviors, HPA function and neuroplasticity markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Εvgenia Dandi
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Kalamari
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Olga Touloumi
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Rosa Lagoudaki
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Evangelia Nousiopoulou
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Constantina Simeonidou
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Evangelia Spandou
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Despina A Tata
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
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