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do Nascimento FV, de Freitas BS, Dos Passos MP, Kleverston L, de Souza Dos Santos C, Kist LW, Bogo MR, Bromberg E, Schröder N. A high fat diet potentiates neonatal iron overload-induced memory impairments in rats. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03333-x. [PMID: 38358514 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed at evaluating possible synergistic effects between two risk factors for cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders, i.e. iron overload and exposure to a hypercaloric/hyperlipidic diet, on cognition, insulin resistance, and hippocampal GLUT1, GLUT3, Insr mRNA expression, and AKT phosporylation. METHODS Male Wistar rats were treated with iron (30 mg/kg carbonyl iron) or vehicle (5% sorbitol in water) from 12 to 14th post-natal days. Iron-treated rats received a standard laboratory diet or a high fat diet from weaning to adulthood (9 months of age). Recognition and emotional memory, peripheral blood glucose and insulin levels were evaluated. Glucose transporters (GLUT 1 and GLUT3) and insulin signaling were analyzed in the hippocampus of rats. RESULTS Both iron overload and exposure to a high fat diet induced memory deficits. Remarkably, the association of iron with the high fat diet induced more severe cognitive deficits. Iron overload in the neonatal period induced higher insulin levels associated with significantly higher HOMA-IR, an index of insulin resistance. Long-term exposure to a high fat diet resulted in higher fasting glucose levels. Iron treatment induced changes in Insr and GLUT1 expression in the hippocampus. At the level of intracellular signaling, both iron treatment and the high fat diet decreased AKT phosphorylation. CONCLUSION The combination of iron overload with exposure to a high fat diet only led to synergistic deleterious effect on emotional memory, while the effects induced by iron and by the high fat diet on AKT phosphorylation were comparable. These findings indicate that there is, at least to some extent, an additive effect of iron combined with the diet. Further studies investigating the mechanisms associated to deleterious effects on cognition and susceptibility for the development of age-associated neurodegenerative disorders are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Valvassori do Nascimento
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maiara Priscila Dos Passos
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiza Kleverston
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristophod de Souza Dos Santos
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection (INCT-EN), National Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Diseases, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection (INCT-EN), National Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Diseases, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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Borges JV, Pires VN, de Freitas BS, Rübensam G, Vieira VC, de Souza Dos Santos C, Schröder N, Bromberg E. Behavior, BDNF and epigenetic mechanisms in response to social isolation and social support in middle aged rats exposed to chronic stress. Behav Brain Res 2023; 441:114303. [PMID: 36657665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Social deprivation can be stressful for group-living mammals. On the other hand, an amazing response of these animals to stress is seeking social contact to give and receive joint protection in threatening situations. We explored the effects of social isolation and social support on epigenetic and behavioral responses to chronic stress. More specifically, we investigated the behavioral responses, corticosterone levels, BDNF gene expression, and markers of hippocampal epigenetic alterations (levels of H3K9 acetylation and methylation, H3K27 methylation, HDAC5, DNMT1, and DNMT3a gene expressions) in middle-aged adult rats maintained in different housing conditions (isolation or accompanied housing) and exposed to the chronic unpredictable stress protocol (CUS). Isolation was associated with decreased basal levels of corticosterone, impaired long-term memory, and decreased expression of the BDNF gene, besides altering the balance of H3K9 from acetylation to methylation and increasing the DNMT1 gene expression. The CUS protocol decreased H3K9 acetylation, besides increasing H3K27 methylation and DNMT1 gene expression, but had no significant effects on memory and BDNF gene expression. Interestingly, the effects of CUS on corticosterone and HDAC5 gene expression were seen only in isolated animals, whereas the effects of CUS on DNMT1 gene expression were more pronounced in isolated than accompanied animals. In conclusion, social isolation in middle age showed broader effects than chronic unpredictable stress on behavioral and epigenetic alterations potentially associated with decreased BDNF expression. Moreover, social support prevented the adverse effects of CUS on HPA axis functioning, HDAC5, and DNMT1 gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Viana Borges
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Naziaseno Pires
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rübensam
- Center of Toxicology and Pharmacology Research, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vitória Corrêa Vieira
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristophod de Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
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Corrê MDS, de Freitas BS, Machado GDB, Pires VN, Bromberg E, Hallak JEC, Zuardi AW, Crippa JAS, Schröder N. Cannabidiol reverses memory impairments and activates components of the Akt/GSK3β pathway in an experimental model of estrogen depletion. Behav Brain Res 2022; 417:113555. [PMID: 34450240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical evidence has indicated that estrogen depletion leads to memory impairments and increases the susceptibility to neural damage. Here, we have sought to investigate the effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) a non-psychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa, on memory deficits induced by estrogen depletion in rats, and its underlying mechanisms. Adult rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy, an established estrogen depletion model in rodents, or sham surgery and allowed to recover for three weeks. After that, they received daily injections of CBD (10 mg/kg) for fourteen days. Rats were tested in the inhibitory avoidance task, a type of emotionally-motivated memory. After behavioral testing they were euthanized, and their hippocampi were isolated for analysis of components of the Akt/GSK3β survival pathway and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl2. Results revealed that ovariectomy impaired avoidance memory, and CBD was able to completely reverse estrogen depletion-induced memory impairment. Ovariectomy also reduced Akt/GSK3β pathway's activation by decreasing the phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK3β and Bcl2 levels, which were ameliorated by CBD. The present results indicate that CBD leads to a functional recovery accompanied by the Akt/GSK3β survival pathway's activation, supporting its potential as a treatment for estrogen decline-induced deterioration of neural functioning and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio da Silveira Corrê
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Health, Integrated Regional University of Upper Uruguay and Missions, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Dalto Barroso Machado
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Naziaseno Pires
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jaime E C Hallak
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Waldo Zuardi
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Souza-Talarico JN, Bromberg E, Santos JLF, Freitas BS, Silva DF, Duarte YAO. Family and Community Support, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults: Findings From the Health, Wellbeing and Aging Study Population-Based Cohort. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:717847. [PMID: 34621159 PMCID: PMC8490800 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.717847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Social networks can modulate physiological responses, protects against the detrimental consequences of prolonged stress, and enhance health outcomes. Family ties represent an essential source of social networks among older adults. However, the impact of family support on cognitive performance and the biological factors influencing that relationship is still unclear. We aimed to determine the relationship between family support, cognitive performance and BDNF levels. Methods: Cross-sectional data from three-hundred, eight-six individuals aged on average 60 years enrolled in the Health, Wellbeing and Aging Study (SABE), a population-cohort study, were assessed for family support, community support and cognitive performance. Structural and functional family support was evaluated based on family size and interactions allied to scores in the Family APGAR questionnaire. Community assistance (received or provided) assessed the community support. Cognitive performance was determined using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), verbal fluency (animals per minute) and backward digital span. Blood samples were obtained to determine BDNF levels. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that functional family support, but not structural, was associated with higher MMSE, verbal fluency and digit span scores, even controlling for potential cofounders (p < 0.001). Providing support to the community, rather than receiving support from others, was associated with better cognitive performance (p < 0.001). BDNF concentration was not associated with community support, family function, or cognitive performance. Conclusion: These findings suggest that emotional components of functional family and community support (e.g., loving and empathic relationship) may be more significant to cognitive health than size and frequency of social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Nery Souza-Talarico
- College of Nursing, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,School of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Department of Morphophysiological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)/Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Betania Souza Freitas
- Department of Morphophysiological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Yeda Aparecida Oliveira Duarte
- School of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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de Souza LO, Machado GDB, de Freitas BS, Rodrigues SLC, Severo MPA, Molz P, da Silva JAC, Bromberg E, Roesler R, Schröder N. The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) regulates recognition and aversively-motivated memory in male rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 184:107499. [PMID: 34352396 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens, particularly 17β-estradiol (estradiol, E2), regulate memory formation. E2 acts through its intracellular receptors, estrogen receptors (ER) ERα and ERβ, as well as a recently identified G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). Although the effects of E2 on memory have been investigated, studies examining the effects of GPER stimulation are scarce. Selective GPER agonism improves memory in ovariectomized female rats, but little information is available regarding the effects of GPER stimulation in male rodents. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the GPER agonist, G1, on consolidation and reconsolidation of inhibitory avoidance (IA) and object recognition (OR) memory in male rats. Animals received vehicle, G1 (15, 75, 150 µg/kg; i.p.), or the GPER antagonist G15 (100 µg/kg; i.p.) immediately after training, or G1 (150 µg/kg; i.p.) 3 or 6 h after training. To investigate reconsolidation, G1 was administered immediately after IA retention Test 1. Results indicated that G1 administered immediately after training at the highest dose enhanced both OR and IA memory consolidation, while GPER blockade immediately after training impaired OR. No effects of GPER stimulation were observed when G1 was given 3 or 6 h after training or after Test 1. The present findings provide evidence that GPER is involved in the early stages of memory consolidation in both neutral and emotional memory tasks in male adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lariza Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Dalto Barroso Machado
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sarah Luize Camargo Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Arakaki Severo
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Molz
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Afonso Corrêa da Silva
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
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Giacobbo BL, Doorduin J, Moraga-Amaro R, Nazario LR, Schildt A, Bromberg E, Dierckx RAJO, de Vries EFJ. Chronic harmine treatment has a delayed effect on mobility in control and socially defeated rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1595-1606. [PMID: 32088835 PMCID: PMC7239822 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is characterized by behavioral, cognitive and physiological changes, imposing a major burden on the overall wellbeing of the patient. Some evidence indicates that social stress, changes in growth factors (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)), and neuroinflammation are involved in the development and progression of the disease. The monoamine oxidase A inhibitor drug harmine was suggested to have both antidepressant and anti-inflammatory properties and may, therefore, be a potential candidate for treatment of depression. AIM The goal of this study was to assess the effects of harmine on behavior, brain BDNF levels, and microglia activation in control rats and a rat model of social stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were submitted to 5 consecutive days of repeated social defeat (RSD) or control conditions. Animals were treated daily with harmine (15 mg/kg) or vehicle from day 3 until the end of the experiment. To assess the effects of harmine treatment on behavior, the sucrose preference test (SPT) was performed on days 1, 6, and 15, the open field test (OFT) on days 6 and 14, and the novel object recognition test (NOR) on day 16. Brain microgliosis was assessed using [11C]PBR-28 PET on day 17. Animals were terminated on day 17, and BDNF protein concentrations in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were analyzed using ELISA. RESULTS RSD significantly decreased bodyweight and increased anxiety and anhedonia-related parameters in the OFT and SPT on day 6, but these behavioral effects were not observed anymore on day 14/15. Harmine treatment caused a significant reduction in bodyweight gain in both groups, induced anhedonia in the SPT on day 6, and significantly reduced the mobility and exploratory behavior of the animals in the OFT mainly on day 14. PET imaging and the NOR test did not show any significant effects on microglia activation and memory, respectively. BDNF protein concentrations in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were not significantly affected by either RSD or harmine treatment. DISCUSSION Harmine was not able to reverse the acute effects of RSD on anxiety and anhedonia and even aggravated the effect of RSD on bodyweight loss. Moreover, harmine treatment caused unexpected side effects on general locomotion, both in RSD and control animals, but did not influence glial activation status and BDNF concentrations in the brain. In this model, RSD-induced stress was not strong enough to induce long-term effects on the behavior, neuroinflammation, or BDNF protein concentration. Thus, the efficacy of harmine treatment on these delayed parameters needs to be further evaluated in more severe models of chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Biology and Nervous System Development, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Moraga-Amaro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luiza Reali Nazario
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Psychopharmacology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anna Schildt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Laboratory of Biology and Nervous System Development, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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de Lima DB, Trapp A, Corrêa MS, Giacobbo BL, de Lima Argimon II, Bromberg E. Episodic memory boosting in older adults: exploring the association of encoding strategies and physical activity. Aging Ment Health 2019; 23:1218-1226. [PMID: 30588835 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1481924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Contextual memory is susceptible to the effects of aging and its impairment compromises episodic memories and quality of life in older adults. Objective: Compare the effects of cognitive support on incidental contextual memory free recall and recognition with a naturalistic experimental paradigm and explore the association of encoding strategies and physical activity on memory improvement. Methods: Subjects (≥60 years, n = 52) were assigned to one of two encoding conditions for the contextual memory task: with or without an incidental associative instruction to encourage association of an item to its spatial context. Immediate free recall and recognition tests were run to assess the encoding instruction efficiency. The association of memory performance and physical activity was analyzed using the scores on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to subdivide each experimental group into Low IPAQ (below median) and High IPAQ (above median) subgroups. Results: The associative encoding instruction increased contextual memory free recall and recognition, with greater effects on free recall. The most robust associations between physical activity and contextual memory were also seen on free recall, in which higher levels of physical activity corresponded to increased baseline performance (non-associative encoding condition) and greater improvement of memory by the encoding support (associative encoding condition). Conclusion: Cognitive support at encoding can improve contextual memory free recall and recognition, suggesting they are prone to rehabilitation. Moreover, higher physical activity levels were positively associated with encoding strategies on contextual memory improvement, increasing the availability of latent process-based components of the cognitive reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Borba de Lima
- a Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil.,b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Artur Trapp
- a Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Márcio Silveira Corrêa
- a Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- a Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil.,b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Irani Iracema de Lima Argimon
- c Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- a Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil.,b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil.,c Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil.,d National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM) , Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) , Brasília , Brazil
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Giacobbo BL, de Freitas BS, Vedovelli K, Schlemmer LM, Pires VN, Antoniazzi V, Santos CDSD, Paludo L, Borges JV, de Lima DB, Schröder N, de Vries EFJ, Bromberg E. Long-term environmental modifications affect BDNF concentrations in rat hippocampus, but not in serum. Behav Brain Res 2019; 372:111965. [PMID: 31125621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of mBDNF on the beneficial effects of cognitive stimulation on the brain remains controversial, as well as the potential of peripheral mBDNF as a biomarker of environmental effects on its central status. We investigated the effect of different environmental conditions on recognition memory, proBDNF, mBDNF and synaptophysin levels in the hippocampus, and on mBDNF levels in blood. Male Wistar rats (6 and 17 months-old) were assigned to cognitively enriched (EE), standard (SE) and impoverished (IE) environmental conditions for twelve weeks. Novel object recognition was performed at week 10. When the animals were 9 and 20-months old, hippocampus was collected for mBDNF, proBDNF and synaptophysin analysis; serum was analyzed for mBDNF levels. The cognitively EE improved recognition memory, resulted in a trend to increased hippocampal mBDNF and augmented synaptophysin levels. Accordingly, hippocampal mBDNF, proBDNF and synaptophysin were significantly higher in EE than IE animals. Hippocampal mBDNF was positively correlated to proBDNF, cellular and behavioral plasticity markers. No effect of age was seen on the studied variables. Moreover, no significant effects of EE or IE on serum mBDNF were observed. Serum mBDNF also failed to correlate with hippocampal mBDNF, proBDNF and with the cellular and behavioral plasticity markers. These findings indicate that mBDNF is involved in neuronal and behavioral plasticity mechanisms induced by cognitively enriched environments, and that peripheral mBDNF may not always be a reliable biomarker of the effects of environmental settings on central mBDNF and plasticity, which is of special interest from a translational research perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kelem Vedovelli
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lívia Machado Schlemmer
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Naziaseno Pires
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Antoniazzi
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristophod de Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leticia Paludo
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliano Viana Borges
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daiane Borba de Lima
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
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Corrêa MS, de Lima DB, Giacobbo BL, Vedovelli K, Argimon IIDL, Bromberg E. Mental health in familial caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients: are the effects of chronic stress on cognition inevitable? Stress 2019; 22:83-92. [PMID: 30382760 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2018.1510485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients experience an emotional and physical burden which characterizes a chronic stress condition. The resulting hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction favors an imbalance of neurotoxic/neuroprotective factors and causes cognitive impairments, increasing the caregivers' risk for cognitive decline and compromising their ability to provide adequate care of the patient. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the reversibility of the cognitive impairments of familial caregivers of AD patients during their caregiving-related chronic stress condition. Thirty-three caregivers (61.42 + 2.68 years; 27 women) and thirty-four controls (57.91 ± 2.16 years, 20 women) were evaluated for their cognitive functioning (attention, executive function, processing speed and memory) with a neuropsychological battery (Digit-span, Trail Making, Stroop and the Logical Memory tests). Subjects' cortisol/dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ratios were determined by radioimmunoassay, and their brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were analyzed by ELISA. An incidental contextual memory task, with or without an associative encoding instruction, was used to investigate if caregivers have a cognitive reserve prone to rehabilitation. The contextual memory impairment of caregivers was associated with prefrontal and hippocampal cognitive dysfunctions, alterations of the cortisol/DHEA ratio and lower BDNF levels. Even so, the contextual memory impairment could be improved by the associative encoding condition. This study suggests that the cognitive impairments of caregivers are not necessarily irreversible, as indicated by the results obtained for contextual memory, which could be improved despite the ongoing chronic stress and associated hormonal and neurotrophin dysfunctions. Lay summary The support of a relative with Alzheimer's Disease submits the familial caregivers to a chronic stress condition that increases their own risk of cognitive decline. This study suggests that, irrespective to their alterations on cortisol/DHEA ratio and BDNF levels, caregivers have a cognitive reserve that could probably be engaged to limit the negative effects of chronic stress on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Silveira Corrêa
- a Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
- b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
- c National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM) , Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico (CNPq) , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Daiane Borba de Lima
- a Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- a Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
- b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
- c National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM) , Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico (CNPq) , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Kelem Vedovelli
- a Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Irani Iracema de Lima Argimon
- d Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- a Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
- b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
- c National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM) , Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico (CNPq) , Brasília , Brazil
- d Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology , Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
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Lima Giacobbo B, Doorduin J, Klein HC, Dierckx RAJO, Bromberg E, de Vries EFJ. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Brain Disorders: Focus on Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3295-3312. [PMID: 30117106 PMCID: PMC6476855 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the most studied neurotrophins in the healthy and diseased brain. As a result, there is a large body of evidence that associates BDNF with neuronal maintenance, neuronal survival, plasticity, and neurotransmitter regulation. Patients with psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders often have reduced BDNF concentrations in their blood and brain. A current hypothesis suggests that these abnormal BDNF levels might be due to the chronic inflammatory state of the brain in certain disorders, as neuroinflammation is known to affect several BDNF-related signaling pathways. Activation of glia cells can induce an increase in the levels of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, which can lead to the modulation of neuronal function and neurotoxicity observed in several brain pathologies. Understanding how neuroinflammation is involved in disorders of the brain, especially in the disease onset and progression, can be crucial for the development of new strategies of treatment. Despite the increasing evidence for the involvement of BDNF and neuroinflammation in brain disorders, there is scarce evidence that addresses the interaction between the neurotrophin and neuroinflammation in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the effect of acute and chronic inflammation on BDNF levels in the most common psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and aims to shed some light on the possible biological mechanisms that may influence this effect. In addition, this review will address the effect of behavior and pharmacological interventions on BDNF levels in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C Klein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Vedovelli K, Giacobbo BL, Corrêa MS, Wieck A, Argimon IIDL, Bromberg E. Multimodal physical activity increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and improves cognition in institutionalized older women. GeroScience 2017; 39:407-417. [PMID: 28707283 PMCID: PMC5636777 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-017-9987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity has been proposed as a promising intervention to improve cognition and decrease the risk of dementia in older adults. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) appears to mediate, at least partially, these effects of exercise. However, intervention studies of the effects of multimodal exercises on cognition and BDNF levels are scarce and composed by small samples. Thus, the generalization of the conclusions of these studies depends on the reproducibility of the results. In order to contribute to the knowledge on the field, the present study evaluated the effects of a physical activity intervention composed by muscle strengthening and aerobic conditioning on BDNF levels and cognition in older women. Independent and non-demented subjects (≥75 years) were assigned to a 3-month physical activity intervention (n = 22, 60 min exercise sessions three times a week) or to a control condition (n = 10, no exercise). Clinical (anxiety and depression symptoms), neuropsychological (Digit Span, Stroop, Trail Making, and Contextual Memory tests), physical (upper and lower limb strength, aerobic conditioning), and physiological (serum BDNF) parameters were evaluated immediately before, 1 month, and 3 months after starting intervention. Results indicated that controls had stable levels for all measured variables, whereas the intervention group improved on physical fitness, depressive symptoms, cognitive performance, and BDNF levels. Moreover, a linear regression identified an association between aerobic conditioning and BDNF levels. In conclusion, combined muscle strengthening and aerobic conditioning was able to improve cognitive performance and increase BDNF levels. Aerobic conditioning seems to be an important mediator of these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelem Vedovelli
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6681, Building 12D, room 34, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6690, Third Floor, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6681, Building 12D, room 34, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6681, building 12A, Second Floor, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Silveira Corrêa
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6681, Building 12D, room 34, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6681, building 12A, Second Floor, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Andréa Wieck
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6690, Third Floor, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Irani Iracema de Lima Argimon
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6690, Third Floor, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6681, Building 12D, room 34, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6690, Third Floor, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av., 6681, building 12A, Second Floor, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.
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Giacobbo BL, Corrêa MS, Vedovelli K, de Souza CEB, Spitza LM, Gonçalves L, Paludo N, Molina RD, da Rosa ED, Argimon IIDL, Bromberg E. Could BDNF be involved in compensatory mechanisms to maintain cognitive performance despite acute sleep deprivation? An exploratory study. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 99:96-102. [PMID: 26602839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging studies suggest that acute sleep deprivation can lead to adaptations, such as compensatory recruitment of cerebral structures, to maintain cognitive performance despite sleep loss. However, the understanding of the neurochemical alterations related to these adaptations remains incomplete. OBJECTIVE Investigate BDNF levels, cognitive performance and their relations in healthy subjects after acute sleep deprivation. METHODS Nineteen sleep deprived (22.11±3.21years) and twenty control (25.10±4.42years) subjects completed depression, anxiety and sleep quality questionnaires. Sleep deprived group spent a full night awake performing different playful activities to keep themselves from sleeping. Attention, response inhibition capacity and working memory (prefrontal cortex-dependent) were assessed with Stroop and Digit Span tests. Declarative memory (hippocampus-dependent) was assessed with Logical Memory test. Serum BDNF was measured by sandwich ELISA. Data were analyzed with independent samples T-test, ANOVA, ANCOVA and curve estimation regressions. p<0.05 was deemed statistically significant. RESULTS The sleep deprived group showed higher BDNF levels and normal performance on attention, response inhibition capacity and working memory. However, declarative memory was impaired. A sigmoidal relation between BDNF and Stroop Test scores was found. CONCLUSIONS Increased BDNF could be related, at least in part, to the maintenance of normal prefrontal cognitive functions after sleep deprivation. This potential relation should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Márcio Silveira Corrêa
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Kelem Vedovelli
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Bruhn de Souza
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Martins Spitza
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gonçalves
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Nathália Paludo
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Rachel Dias Molina
- Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Dias da Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Irani Iracema de Lima Argimon
- Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil.
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Corrêa M, Vedovelli K, Giacobbo B, de Souza C, Ferrari P, de Lima Argimon I, Walz J, Kapczinski F, Bromberg E. Psychophysiological correlates of cognitive deficits in family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer Disease. Neuroscience 2015; 286:371-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Corrêa MS, da Silveira EMS, de Lima DB, Balardin JB, Walz JC, Kapczinski F, Bromberg E. The role of encoding strategies in contextual memory deficits in patients with bipolar disorder. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2014; 25:122-36. [PMID: 25300497 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2014.969281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Contextual memory is important for the encoding and retrieval of episodic memory, which is often impaired in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD). The objective was to investigate the effect of low and high cognitive support on encoding in an incidental contextual memory task in euthymic patients with BD. Twenty-three patients with a BD type I diagnosis (aged 23-63 years, 17 women and 6 men) and 29 healthy controls completed a recognition memory task for context (location of a recognised object). Participants were assigned to one of two incidental encoding conditions: (1) with a binding cue to encourage the association of the object to its location (judging the degree of appropriateness of an object in relation to its location) or (2) without a binding cue (judging daily use of objects). Patients showed a deficit in incidental contextual memory in the absence of a binding cue at encoding. Under incidental encoding with the binding cue, no differences were observed between the groups for contextual memory. Contextual memory deficits in BD patients were reduced by providing cognitive support at encoding. The role of this strategy should be investigated in larger samples to evaluate its use for cognitive remediation in BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Silveira Corrêa
- a Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences , Pontifical Catholic University , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
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Balardin JB, Vedana G, Luz C, Bromberg E. Subjective mild depressive symptoms are associated with abnormal diurnal cycle of salivary cortisol in older adults. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2011; 24:19-22. [PMID: 20558832 DOI: 10.1177/0891988710373599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in cortisol secretion pattern seem to be involved in the associations between aging, depression, and cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to mainly assess cortisol circadian profile in older adults with subjective depressive symptoms. METHODS Salivary cortisol samples from healthy young (n = 22) and old adults (n = 22), and from older adults who self-reported depressive symptoms in Geriatric Depression Scale (n = 22) were collected at 7 AM, 4 PM, and 10 PM and were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Older adults with depressive symptoms presented the characteristic cortisol circadian pattern, but they showed higher cortisol levels at 10 PM than healthy young and elderly controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that mild depressive symptoms could be associated with a cortisol secretion pattern previously described as being predictive of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Bisol Balardin
- Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Moro dos Santos C, Bisol Balardin J, Quarti Irigaray T, Schröder N, Rieder CRM, Bromberg E. Incidental Encoding Strategies Did Not Improve Contextual Memory in Parkinson’s Disease Patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2009; 24:450-6. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968309355987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. This study investigated the performance of patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) without dementia for incidental recognition memory and the effect of encoding strategies on contextual memory. Methods. The authors studied 21 patients with PD (ages 60-85, 12 women; Hoehn and Yahr I-III, Activities of Daily Living 70%-100%) and 22 healthy controls (ages 60-84, 18 women). Participants completed the vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). To assess the incidental recognition memory for item (object) and context (location of the object), participants of each group were assigned to 1 of 2 encoding conditions: ( a) an incidental associative instruction to bind the object to its location or ( b) a nonassociative, nonspecific instruction. Results. PD patients showed performance comparable to the control group’s on the vocabulary subtest and WCST. In contrast to controls, PD patients were unable to take advantage of the associative encoding instruction, which also had a deleterious effect on item recognition. Conclusion. This sample of participants with PD showed diminished item and context recognition memory and an impaired ability to use incidental memory encoding strategy, suggesting a compromised cognitive reserve. The fact that these alterations occurred in early stages of PD, and prior to more general cognitive alterations such as executive dysfunction, should be considered in the management of patients by using specific cognitive rehabilitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nadja Schröder
- Pontifical Catholic University, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. M. Rieder
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Service of Neurology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Pontifical Catholic University, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
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Bisol Balardin J, Vedana G, Ludwig A, de Lima DB, Argimon I, Schneider R, Luz C, Schroder N, Bromberg E. Contextual memory and encoding strategies in young and older adults with and without depressive symptoms. Aging Ment Health 2009; 13:313-8. [PMID: 19484594 DOI: 10.1080/13607860802534583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examines the role of depressive symptoms associated with age on contextual memory and how this association could impair the use of strategic instructions during encoding. METHOD Young and older controls and older adults with depressive symptoms performed memory recognition tests for item and context. RESULTS Memory results indicated that mild depressive symptoms did not aggravate the age-related contextual memory pattern, but interfered with the magnitude of the memory enhancement provided by specific encoding instructions when compared with young adults. These between-group differences in the use of memory strategies were eliminated with the inclusion of the performance on Wisconsin Card Sorting Test as a covariate. CONCLUSION Mild depressive symptoms were associated with an impaired ability to use incidental memory strategies at encoding, suggesting the need for further investigation on the effects of non-clinical depressive symptomatology on cognitive decline in aging.
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de Lima MNM, Dias CP, Torres JP, Dornelles A, Garcia VA, Scalco FS, Guimarães MR, Petry RC, Bromberg E, Constantino L, Budni P, Dal-Pizzol F, Schröder N. Reversion of age-related recognition memory impairment by iron chelation in rats. Neurobiol Aging 2008; 29:1052-9. [PMID: 17346856 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2006] [Revised: 12/26/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
It is now generally accepted that iron accumulates in the brain during the ageing process. Increasing evidence demonstrate that iron accumulation in selective regions of the brain may generate free radicals, thereby possessing implications for the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders. In a previous study we have reported that aged rats present recognition memory deficits. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of desferoxamine (DFO), an iron chelator agent, on age-induced memory impairment. Aged Wistar rats received intraperitoneal injections of saline or DFO (300mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The animals were submitted to a novel object recognition task 24h after the last injection. DFO-treated rats showed normal recognition memory while the saline group showed long-term recognition memory deficits. The results show that DFO is able to reverse age-induced recognition memory deficits. We also demonstrated that DFO reduced the oxidative damage to proteins in cortex and hippocampus. Thus, the present findings provide the first evidence that iron chelators might prevent age-related memory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noêmia Martins de Lima
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Freire RP, Balardin JB, Caldana F, Santos CMD, Krebs LC, Souza VBDAE, Schröder N, Bromberg E. Efeito de estratégias de codificação sobre a memória contextual em idosos. Psicol Reflex Crit 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-79722008000200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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de Lima MNM, Presti-Torres J, Caldana F, Grazziotin MM, Scalco FS, Guimarães MR, Bromberg E, Franke SIR, Henriques JAP, Schröder N. Desferoxamine reverses neonatal iron-induced recognition memory impairment in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 570:111-4. [PMID: 17617402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2007] [Revised: 05/29/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that rats given iron neonatally presented memory deficits. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of desferoxamine, a metal chelating agent, on memory deficits in an iron overload model in rats. Male rats received vehicle or iron orally at postnatal days 12-14 and desferoxamine (30 or 300 mg/kg) in the adulthood. After desferoxamine treatment, they were trained in a novel-object recognition task. Iron-treated rats showed recognition memory impairments when compared to controls. Iron-treated rats that received desferoxamine 300 mg/kg, showed normal recognition memory, suggesting that desferoxamine can reverse recognition memory deficits associated with iron accumulation. Further research is required to examine whether the findings from animal models of iron overload have implications for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N M de Lima
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Martins de Lima MN, Presti-Torres J, Dornelles A, Bromberg E, Schröder N. Differential effects of low and high doses of topiramate on consolidation and retrieval of novel object recognition memory in rats. Epilepsy Behav 2007; 10:32-7. [PMID: 17070735 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2006] [Revised: 09/09/2006] [Accepted: 09/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Topiramate is a new antiepileptic drug proposed to facilitate synaptic inhibition and block excitatory receptors. However, little is known about the effects of topiramate on memory. In the first experiment, intraperitoneal injection of topiramate at doses of 10.0 and 100.0 mg/kg, immediately after training, induced a deficit in short-term memory (STM) of a novel object recognition (NOR) task tested 1.5 hours after training in rats. In a long-term memory (LTM) test given to the same rats 24 hours after training, topiramate 0.1mg/kg enhanced, whereas 10.0 and 100.0 mg/kg impaired, NOR retention. In the second experiment, administration of topiramate 0.01 and 0.10 mg/kg 1 hour prior to the LTM retention test improved NOR retention, whereas 10.0 and 100.0 mg/kg produced retrieval deficits. The results indicate that low doses of topiramate improve, whereas high doses impair, consolidation and retrieval of recognition memory in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noemia Martins de Lima
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, São Lucas Hospital, Pontifical Catholic University, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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de Lima MNM, Laranja DC, Caldana F, Grazziotin MM, Garcia VA, Dal-Pizzol F, Bromberg E, Schröder N. Selegiline protects against recognition memory impairment induced by neonatal iron treatment. Exp Neurol 2005; 196:177-83. [PMID: 16122736 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2005] [Revised: 07/05/2005] [Accepted: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Excess of iron in the brain has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human neurodegenerative diseases, for example Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It has been shown that the neonatal period is critical for the establishment of normal iron content in the adult brain. Moreover, it is known that aging alters the cerebral distribution of this metal. We have recently described that neonatal administration of iron severely impaired novel object recognition memory in rats. The aim of the present study was to determine whether selegiline, a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor known for its neuroprotective properties, could protect rats against cognitive impairment induced by neonatal administration of iron. In the first experiment, male Wistar rats received vehicle (5% sorbitol in water) or iron (10.0 mg/kg) orally from postnatal days 12 to 14 and saline (0.9% NaCl) or selegiline (1.0 or 10.0 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 21 days, starting 24 h before the first iron dosing. In the second experiment, rats were given either vehicle or iron (10.0 mg/kg) orally from postnatal days 12 to 14 followed by saline or selegiline (1.0 or 10.0 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 21 days, starting when rats reached adulthood (50th day after birth). Iron-treated rats given selegiline in both doses showed no deficits in recognition memory. Rats receiving iron but no selegiline presented memory deficits. This is the first study reporting the reversion of iron-induced memory impairment, supporting the view that our model can be considered as a useful tool in the search for new drugs with neuroprotective and/or memory enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noemia Martins de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica, Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Hospital São Lucas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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de Lima MNM, Polydoro M, Laranja DC, Bonatto F, Bromberg E, Moreira JCF, Dal-Pizzol F, Schröder N. Recognition memory impairment and brain oxidative stress induced by postnatal iron administration. Eur J Neurosci 2005; 21:2521-8. [PMID: 15932609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Iron accumulation in the brain has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. It is known that iron catalyses the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. Recent studies have implicated oxidative damage in memory deficits in rats and humans. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the long-term effects of iron treatment in four different phases of the neonatal period on recognition memory in rats. Additionally, parameters of oxidative stress in cerebral regions related to memory formation were evaluated. Male Wistar rats received vehicle or 10.0 mg/kg of Fe2+ orally at postnatal days 5-7, 12-14, 19-21 or 30-32. Animals given iron at any phase of the neonatal period showed impairments in long-term retention of object recognition memory, although only the group given iron from postnatal days 12-14 showed a complete memory blockade. Iron treatment induced oxidative damage in the brain as assessed by the thiobarbituric acid reactive species assay. Moreover, iron administration increased superoxide production in submitochondrial particles, suggesting impaired mitochondrial function; and there was an increase in superoxide dismutase activity in brain regions susceptible to iron administration. The results show that iron load in the early stages of life induces cognitive impairment possibly by inducing oxidative damage in the brain. These findings are consistent with the view that oxidative stress may be related to the cognitive decline observed in normal ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noemia M de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica, Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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de Lima MNM, Laranja DC, Caldana F, Bromberg E, Roesler R, Schröder N. Reversal of age-related deficits in object recognition memory in rats with l-deprenyl. Exp Gerontol 2005; 40:506-11. [PMID: 15935594 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2005.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2005] [Revised: 03/07/2005] [Accepted: 03/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The monoamine-oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor l-deprenyl (selegiline) is effective in treating Parkinson's disease and possibly cognitive deficits associated with aging, Alzheimer's disease and HIV dementia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of l-deprenyl on short- and long-term recognition memory in aged rats. Young adult and aged male Wistar rats were trained in a novel object recognition task. Retention test trials were carried out at 1.5 or 24 h after training. Aged rats showed impaired recognition memory retention 24 h after training when compared to young animals. Treatment with a daily systemic injection of l-deprenyl (1.0 mg/kg) for 21 days reversed the memory impairment. A control experiment indicated that l-deprenyl did not affect sensorimotor functions. The results suggest that l-deprenyl reverses age-related deficits in long-term recognition memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noêmia M de Lima
- Memory and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biosciences Faculty, Pontifical Catholic University, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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25
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Polydoro M, Schröder N, Lima MNM, Caldana F, Laranja DC, Bromberg E, Roesler R, Quevedo J, Moreira JCF, Dal-Pizzol F. Haloperidol- and clozapine-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2005; 78:751-6. [PMID: 15301931 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2004.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2003] [Revised: 01/13/2004] [Accepted: 05/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Haloperidol (HAL) is a typical neuroleptic that acts primarily as a D2 dopamine receptor antagonist. It has been proposed that reactive oxygen species play a causative role in neurotoxic effects induced by HAL. Adult male Wistar rats received daily injections of HAL (1.5 mg/kg) or clozapine (CLO, 25 mg/kg), an atypical neuroleptic, for 28 days. Control animals were given saline (SAL; NaCl 0.9%). Oxidative parameters in the brain were measured in the striatum (ST), hippocampus (HP) and cortex (CX). Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive substances (TBAR) levels were increased by HAL treatment in the ST and decreased in CX of both of the HAL- and CLO-treated rats. Protein carbonyls were significantly increased by both HAL and CLO in the HP. The nonenzymatic antioxidant potential was decreased in the HP, and superoxide production was significantly increased in the ST following treatment with HAL. CLO induced an increase in superoxide production in the HP. Neither HAL nor CLO affected catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The findings suggest that HAL and CLO can induce oxidative damage to the ST and HP in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Polydoro
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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de Lima MNM, Laranja DC, Bromberg E, Roesler R, Schröder N. Pre- or post-training administration of the NMDA receptor blocker MK-801 impairs object recognition memory in rats. Behav Brain Res 2005; 156:139-43. [PMID: 15474658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2004.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2004] [Revised: 05/11/2004] [Accepted: 05/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of NMDA receptor blockade on formation of object recognition memory. In the first experiment, adult Wistar rats were given an intraperitoneal injection of saline or the NMDA receptor antagonist [(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo-[a,d]cyclo-hepten-5,10-imine-maleate] (MK-801) (0.001, 0.01, or 0.1 mg/kg) 20 min prior to training in a novel object recognition task. In the second experiment, saline or MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) were given immediately after training. Memory retention was tested 1.5 and 24 h after training. MK-801 impaired both short- and long-term retention of object recognition memory when given either before or after training. The results suggest that NMDA receptor activation is necessary for formation of object recognition memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noêmia M de Lima
- Memory and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biosciences Faculty, Catholic University (PUCRS), 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Roesler R, Schröder N, Vianna MRM, Quevedo J, Bromberg E, Kapczinski F, Ferreira MBC. Differential involvement of hippocampal and amygdalar NMDA receptors in contextual and aversive aspects of inhibitory avoidance memory in rats. Brain Res 2003; 975:207-13. [PMID: 12763609 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Adult male rats bilaterally implanted with guide canullae aimed either at the dorsal hippocampus (dHIP) or the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) were trained in a step-down inhibitory avoidance task (IA) and tested for retention 24 h after training. Immediately after training, animals were given a bilateral infusion of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist D,L-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5) (5.0 microg) into the dHIP or the BLA. Both intrahippocampal and intraamygdala infusions of AP5 blocked IA retention. Preexposure to the training box, but not to a different environment 24 h prior to training prevented the impairing effect of intrahippocampal infusion of AP5 on retention. Preexposure did not affect the retention impairment induced by intraamygdala infusion of AP5. These data suggest that hippocampal NMDA receptors might be involved in the contextual and spatial aspects, while amygdalar NMDA receptors might be involved in the aversive aspects of memory for IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Roesler
- GENOTOX Laboratory, Center for Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Gabriel B, Bromberg E, Vandenbovenkamp J, Walka P, Kornblith AB, Luzzatto P. Art therapy with adult bone marrow transplant patients in isolation: a pilot study. Psychooncology 2001; 10:114-23. [PMID: 11268138 DOI: 10.1002/pon.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Psycho-social interventions for cancer patients in isolation for bone marrow transplant (BMT) have been advocated in the recent literature. It is not clear what type of interventions would be most appropriate. This study was conducted at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), with three aims. (1) To test the feasibility of introducing art therapy as a supportive intervention for adult BMT patients in isolation. Nine patients were seen in art therapy sessions twice a week while in isolation, and were helped to develop free personal images. The three art therapists used the same art therapy program as a model. (2) To assess how patients would use the program. Forty-two images were made by the nine patients during the art therapy sessions. A thematic analysis of the images showed that the patients used art therapy effectively in three ways: (a) to strengthen their positive feelings, (b) to alleviate their distress, and (c) to clarify their existential/spiritual issues. (3) The third aim was to identify which patients would most benefit from art therapy. Our results suggest that the non-verbal metaphorical modality of art therapy may be especially beneficial for patients who need to deal with emotional conflicts, and with feelings about life and death, in a safe setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gabriel
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Bevilaqua L, Ardenghi P, Schröder N, Bromberg E, Schmitz PK, Schaeffer E, Quevedo J, Bianchin M, Walz R, Medina JH, Izquierdo I. Drugs acting upon the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signalling pathway modulate memory consolidation when given late after training into rat hippocampus but not amygdala. Behav Pharmacol 1997; 8:331-8. [PMID: 9832992 DOI: 10.1097/00008877-199708000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rats implanted bilaterally with cannulae in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus or in the amygdala were trained in one-trial step-down inhibitory (passive) avoidance using a 0.4 mA footshock. At various times after training (0, 1.5, 3, 6 or 9 h for animals implanted in the hippocampus; 0 or 3 h for those implanted in the amygdala), they received infusions of 8-Br-cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) (1.25 micrograms/side), SKF38393 (7.5 micrograms/side), SCH23390 (0.5 microgram/side), norepinephrine ClH (0.3 microgram/side), timolol ClH (0.3 microgram/side), 8-HO-DPAT (2.5 micrograms/side), NAN-190 (2.5 micrograms/side), forskolin (0.5 microgram/side) or KT5720 (0.5 microgram/side). Rats were tested for retention 24 h after training. SKF38393 is an agonist and SCH23390 an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, timolol is a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, 8-HO-DPAT is an agonist and NAN-190 an antagonist at 5HT1A receptors, forskolin enhances adenylyl cyclase, and KT5720 inhibits protein kinase A. When given into the hippocampus 0 h post-training, norepinephrine enhanced memory and KT5720 was amnestic. When given 1.5 h after training, all treatments were ineffective. When given 3 or 6 h post-training, 8-Br-cAMP, forskolin, SKF 38393, noradrenaline and NAN-190 caused memory facilitation, and KT5720, SCH23390, timolol and 8-HO-DPAT caused retrograde amnesia. At 9 h from training, all treatments were again ineffective. When given into the amygdala 0 or 3 h post-training all treatments were ineffective, except for noradrenaline at 0 h, which caused retrograde facilitation. The data agree with the suggestion that in the hippocampus, but not the amygdala, a cAMP/protein kinase A pathway is involved in memory consolidation at 3 and 6 h from training, and that this is regulated by D1, beta, and 5HT1A receptors. This correlates with a previous report of increased cAMP levels, protein kinase A activity and P-CREB levels at 3-6 h from training in rat hippocampus in this task. This may be taken to suggest that the hippocampus, but not the amygdala, is involved in the long-term storage of step-down inhibitory avoidance in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bevilaqua
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (U.F.R.G.S.), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Bevilaqua L, Ardenghi P, Schröder N, Bromberg E, Quevedo J, Schmitz PK, Bianchin M, Walz R, Schaeffer E, Medina JH, Izquierdo I. Agents that affect cAMP levels or protein kinase A activity modulate memory consolidation when injected into rat hippocampus but not amygdala. Braz J Med Biol Res 1997; 30:967-70. [PMID: 9361726 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1997000800009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Male Wistar rats were trained in one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance using a 0.4-mA footshock. At various times after training (0, 1.5, 3, 6 and 9 h for the animals implanted into the CA1 region of the hippocampus; 0 and 3 h for those implanted into the amygdala), these animals received microinfusions of SKF38393 (7.5 micrograms/side), SCH23390 (0.5 microgram/side), norepinephrine (0.3 microgram/side), timolol (0.3 microgram/side), 8-OH-DPAT (2.5 micrograms/side), NAN-190 (2.5 micrograms/side), forskolin (0.5 microgram/side), KT5720 (0.5 microgram/side) or 8-Br-cAMP (1.25 micrograms/side). Rats were tested for retention 24 h after training. When given into the hippocampus 0 h post-training, norepinephrine enhanced memory whereas KT5720 was amnestic. When given 1.5 h after training, all treatments were ineffective. When given 3 or 6 h post-training, 8-Br-cAMP, forskolin, SKF38393, norepinephrine and NAN-190 caused memory facilitation, while KT5720, SCH23390, timolol and 8-OH-DPAT caused retrograde amnesia. Again, at 9 h after training, all treatments were ineffective. When given into the amygdala, norepinephrine caused retrograde facilitation at 0 h after training. The other drugs infused into the amygdala did not cause any significant effect. These data suggest that in the hippocampus, but not in the amygdala, a cAMP/protein kinase A pathway is involved in memory consolidation at 3 and 6 h after training, which is regulated by D1, beta, and 5HT1A receptors. This correlates with data on increased post-training cAMP levels and a dual peak of protein kinase A activity and CREB-P levels (at 0 and 3-6 h) in rat hippocampus after training in this task. These results suggest that the hippocampus, but not the amygdala, is involved in long-term storage of step-down inhibitory avoidance in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bevilaqua
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Bernabeu R, Bevilaqua L, Ardenghi P, Bromberg E, Schmitz P, Bianchin M, Izquierdo I, Medina JH. Involvement of hippocampal cAMP/cAMP-dependent protein kinase signaling pathways in a late memory consolidation phase of aversively motivated learning in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:7041-6. [PMID: 9192688 PMCID: PMC21281 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.13.7041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
cAMP/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) signaling pathway has been recently proposed to participate in both the late phase of long term potentiation in the hippocampus and in the late, protein synthesis-dependent phase of memory formation. Here we report that a late memory consolidation phase of an inhibitory avoidance learning is regulated by an hippocampal cAMP signaling pathway that is activated, at least in part, by D1/D5 receptors. Bilateral infusion of SKF 38393 (7.5 microg/side), a D1/D5 receptor agonist, into the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus, enhanced retention of a step-down inhibitory avoidance when given 3 or 6 h, but not immediately (0 h) or 9 h, after training. In contrast, full retrograde amnesia was obtained when SCH 23390 (0.5 microg/side), a D1/D5 receptor antagonist, was infused into the hippocampus 3 or 6 h after training. Intrahippocampal infusion of 8Br-cAMP (1.25 microg/side), or forskolin (0.5 microg/side), an activator of adenylyl cyclase, enhanced memory when given 3 or 6 h after training. KT5720 (0.5 microg/side), a specific inhibitor of PKA, hindered memory consolidation when given immediately or 3 or 6 h posttraining. Rats submitted to the avoidance task showed learning-specific increases in hippocampal 3H-SCH 23390 binding and in the endogenous levels of cAMP 3 and 6 h after training. In addition, PKA activity and P-CREB (phosphorylated form of cAMP responsive element binding protein) immunoreactivity increased in the hippocampus immediately and 3 and 6 h after training. Together, these findings suggest that the late phase of memory consolidation of an inhibitory avoidance is modulated cAMP/PKA signaling pathways in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bernabeu
- Instituto de Biologia Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fin C, da Cunha C, Bromberg E, Schmitz PK, Bianchin M, Medina JH, Izquierdo I. Experiments suggesting a role for nitric oxide in the hippocampus in memory processes. Neurobiol Learn Mem 1995; 63:113-5. [PMID: 7663884 DOI: 10.1006/nlme.1995.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed to be involved in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) and in other processes. When coupled with weak tetanic stimulation, NO produces a long-term synaptic enhancement on its own. N-Nitroarginine (NO-Arg) inhibits NO-synthase, the enzyme that produces NO, and blocks LTP in hippocampal slices. We investigated the effect on memory of the pre- or post-training infusion of NO-Arg and of the post-training infusion of the No donor, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) into the hippocampus. Male Wistar rats were implanted bilaterally with cannulae in the dorsal hippocampus. After recovery from surgery, the animals were trained in step-down inhibitory avoidance using a 0.4-mA footshock and tested for retention 24 h later. NO-Arg (2.0 microgram) hindered retention test performance when infused either before or immediately after training, but not 30 or 60 min later. SNAP (5.0 microgram) enhanced retention test performance when given 0, 60, or 150 min, but not 300 min, after training. The results suggest that memory storage depends on NO-sensitive processes in the hippocampus, perhaps, as suggested in previous papers, LTP generated at the time of training.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biociencias, UFRGS (Centro), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Abstract
We have reviewed 46 posterior fracture dislocations of the hip treated at the University of Alabama in Birmingham Hospitals and the Birmingham Veterans Administration Hospital from 1963 to 1973. Of the 13 injuries which were followed up for at least one year, there were two good, five fair, and six poor clinical results. One instance of aseptic necrosis was documented. There was no obvious correlation between fracture type or treatment and clinical result in this preliminary series.
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