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Liu Y, Yang H, Zeng R, He L, Xiao T, Peng X, Kuang Z, Wu L. NEDD4-2 and the CLC-2 channel regulate neuronal excitability in the pathogenesis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4835. [PMID: 38418461 PMCID: PMC10902323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have focused on the role of NEDD4-2 in regulating neuronal excitability and the mechanism of epilepsy. However, the exact mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Here, we explored the roles of NEDD4-2 and the CLC-2 channel in regulating neuronal excitability and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) pathogenesis. First, chronic MTLE models were induced by lithium-pilocarpine in developmental rats. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis revealed that the interaction between CLC-2 and NEDD4-2. Western blot analyses indicated that NEDD4-2 expression was downregulated, while phosphorylated (P-) NEDD4-2 and CLC-2 expression was upregulated in adult MTLE rats. Then, the primary hippocampal neuronal cells were isolated and cultured, and the NEDD4-2 was knocked down by shRNA vector, resulting in decreased protein levels of CLC-2. While CLC-2 absence caused increased NEDD4-2 in cells. Next, in an epileptic cell model induced by a Mg2+-free culture, whole-cell current-clamp recording demonstrated that NEDD4-2 deficiency inhibited the spontaneous action potentials of cells, and CLC-2 absence caused more significant decrease in the spontaneous action potentials of cells. In conclusion, we herein revealed that NEDD4-2 regulates the expression of CLC-2, which is involved in neuronal excitability, and participates in the pathogenesis of MTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Rongrong Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaomei Peng
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Kuang
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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2
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Dardiotis E, Skouras P, Varvarelis OP, Aloizou AM, Hernández AF, Liampas I, Rikos D, Dastamani M, Golokhvast KS, Bogdanos DP, Tsatsakis A, Siokas V, Mitsias PD, Hadjigeorgiou GM. Pesticides and tremor: An overview of association, mechanisms and confounders. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115442. [PMID: 36758916 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are a heterogeneous class of chemicals mainly used for the protection of crops from pests. Because of their very widespread use, acute or/and chronic exposure to these chemicals can lead to a plethora of sequelae inflicting diseases, many of which involve the nervous system. Tremor has been associated with pesticide exposure in human and animal studies. This review is aimed at assessing the studies currently available on the association between the various types of pesticides/insecticides and tremor, while also accounting for potential confounding factors. To our knowledge, this is the first coherent review on the subject. After appraising the available evidence, we call for more intensive research on this topic, as well as intonate the need of implementing future preventive measures to protect the exposed populations and to reduce potential disabilities and social drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Skouras
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Orfeas-Petros Varvarelis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain; Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rikos
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Metaxia Dastamani
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Kirill S Golokhvast
- Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology RAS, Krasnoobsk, Russia, 630501
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Panayiotis D Mitsias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Zhou X, Chen Z, Xiao L, Zhong Y, Liu Y, Wu J, Tao H. Intracellular calcium homeostasis and its dysregulation underlying epileptic seizures. Seizure 2022; 103:126-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Xu XX, Shi RX, Fu Y, Wang JL, Tong X, Zhang SQ, Wang N, Li MX, Tong Y, Wang W, He M, Liu BY, Chen GL, Guo F. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase/reactive oxygen species pathway is involved in apoptosis and pyroptosis in epilepsy. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1277-1285. [PMID: 36453412 PMCID: PMC9838157 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.357906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of neuronal nitric oxide synthase contributes to neurotoxicity, which triggers cell death in various neuropathological diseases, including epilepsy. Studies have shown that inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity increases the epilepsy threshold, that is, has an anticonvulsant effect. However, the exact role and potential mechanism of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in seizures are still unclear. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing, functional enrichment analysis, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis of the hippocampus of tremor rats, a rat model of genetic epilepsy. We found damaged hippocampal mitochondria and abnormal succinate dehydrogenase level and Na+-K+-ATPase activity. In addition, we used a pilocarpine-induced N2a cell model to mimic epileptic injury. After application of neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 7-nitroindazole, changes in malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase, which are associated with oxidative stress, were reversed, and the increase in reactive oxygen species level was reversed by 7-nitroindazole or reactive oxygen species inhibitor N-acetylcysteine. Application of 7-nitroindazole or N-acetylcysteine downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and cytochrome c and reversed the apoptosis of epileptic cells. Furthermore, 7-nitroindazole or N-acetylcysteine downregulated the abnormally high expression of NLRP3, gasdermin-D, interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. This indicated that 7-nitroindazole and N-acetylcysteine each reversed epileptic cell death. Taken together, our findings suggest that the neuronal nitric oxide synthase/reactive oxygen species pathway is involved in pyroptosis of epileptic cells, and inhibiting neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity or its induced oxidative stress may play a neuroprotective role in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Rui-Xue Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jia-Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei-Xuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bing-Yang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,Correspondence to: Feng Guo, ; Gui-Lan Chen, ; Bing-Yang Liu, .
| | - Gui-Lan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China,Correspondence to: Feng Guo, ; Gui-Lan Chen, ; Bing-Yang Liu, .
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,Correspondence to: Feng Guo, ; Gui-Lan Chen, ; Bing-Yang Liu, .
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Huang X, Dong S, Liu H, Wan P, Wang T, Quan H, Wang Z, Wang Z. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Benzo[ d]isoxazole Derivatives as Anticonvulsants by Selectively Blocking the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Na V1.1. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:834-845. [PMID: 35212221 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium channel blockers are important antiseizure drugs. Since the launch of phenobarbital in 1912, it has a development history of nearly 100 years. However, because of the confounding symptoms, complications, and complex intrinsic pathogenesis of epilepsy, the design and development of blockers specifically targeting sodium channels as antiseizure drugs are difficult and rarely reported. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel benzo[d]isoxazole derivatives as anticonvulsants. Among them, the most potent Z-6b displayed high protection against the MES-induced seizures with an ED50 value of 20.5 mg/kg and a high protective index (TD50/ED50) of 10.3. In addition, Z-6b significantly inhibited NaV1.1 channels in patch-clamp experiments but almost did not inhibit NaV1.2, NaV1.3, and NaV1.6 channels. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that new benzo[d]isoxazole derivatives display anticonvulsant activity by selectively blocking voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.1, which provides good alternatives for developing selective NaV1.1 channel blockers as antiseizure drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Shiyang Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hua Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Pingnan Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hexiu Quan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zengcai Wang
- School of Information and Control, Shenyang Institute of Technology, Shenyang 113122, China
| | - Zengtao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Nanchang Yichou Technology Co., Ltd, Nanchang 330036, China
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Calcium-/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II (CaMKII) Inhibition Induces Learning and Memory Impairment and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:4635054. [PMID: 34976299 PMCID: PMC8718318 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4635054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Inhibition of calcium-/calmodulin- (CaM-) dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is correlated with epilepsy. However, the specific mechanism that underlies learning and memory impairment and neuronal death by CaMKII inhibition remains unclear. Materials and Methods In this study, KN93, a CaMKII inhibitor, was used to investigate the role of CaMKII during epileptogenesis. We first identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in primary cultured hippocampal neurons with or without KN93 treatment using RNA-sequencing. Then, the impairment of learning and memory by KN93-induced CaMKII inhibition was assessed using the Morris water maze test. In addition, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL staining were performed to determine neuronal death, apoptosis, and the relative signaling pathway. Results KN93-induced CaMKII inhibition decreased cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein activity and impaired learning and memory in Wistar and tremor (TRM) rats, an animal model of genetic epilepsy. CaMKII inhibition also induced neuronal death and reactive astrocyte activation in both the Wistar and TRM hippocampi, deregulating mitogen-activated protein kinases. Meanwhile, neuronal death and neuron apoptosis were observed in PC12 and primary cultured hippocampal neurons after exposure to KN93, which was reversed by SP600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Conclusions CaMKII inhibition caused learning and memory impairment and apoptosis, which might be related to dysregulated JNK signaling.
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Yang R, Qian R, Chen K, Yi W, Sima X. Genetic polymorphisms in SCN2A are not associated with epilepsy risk and AEDs response: evidence from a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:2705-2711. [PMID: 33914194 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have investigated the association between rs2304016 and rs17183814 polymorphisms in sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2 (SCN2A) and epilepsy risk and responsiveness to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) but with conflicting results. Our aim was to reevaluate the relationship by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS By searching PubMed, Medline, and CNKI, 14 studies were selected. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to measure the association between rs17183814 and rs2304016 polymorphisms and the risk of epilepsy and AEDs response using the fixed-effects model or the random-effects model. RESULTS No significant association between the rs17183814 in SCN2A and the risk of epilepsy was observed (heterozygous comparison: OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-1.00; homozygous comparison: OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.63-2.86; dominant model: OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.64-1.04; recessive model: OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.68-3.05; allele comparison: OR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.71-1.10). Moreover, neither the rs17183814 nor the rs2304016 was associated with AEDs response. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that the rs17183814 and rs2304016 polymorphisms in SCN2A are not associated with the risk of epilepsy and response to AEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Yang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruiyi Qian
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kerun Chen
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yi
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiutian Sima
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Prakash C, Mishra M, Kumar P, Kumar V, Sharma D. Response of Voltage-Gated Sodium and Calcium Channels Subtypes on Dehydroepiandrosterone Treatment in Iron-Induced Epilepsy. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:279-292. [PMID: 32318899 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by the occurrence of spontaneous and recurrent seizures. In post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), the mechanism of epileptogenesis is very complex and seems to be linked with voltage-gated ion channels. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a neurosteroid have shown beneficial effect against various neurological disorders. We investigated antiepileptic effect of DHEA with respect to expression of voltage-gated ion channels subtypes in iron-induced epilepsy. Iron (FeCl3) solution was intracartically injected to induce epilepsy in rats and DHEA was intraperitoneally administered for 21 days. Results showed markedly increased epileptiform seizures activity along with up-regulation of Nav1.1 and Nav1.6, and down-regulation of Cav2.1α at the mRNA and protein level in the cortex and hippocampus of epileptic rats. Moreover, the study demonstrated that these channels subtypes were predominantly expressed in the neurons. DHEA treatment has countered the epileptic seizures, down-regulated Nav1.1 and Nav1.6, and up-regulated Cav2.1α without affecting their cellular localization. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates antiepileptic potential of DHEA, escorted by regulation of Nav1.1, Nav1.6, and Cav2.1α subtypes in the neurons of iron-induced epileptic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Prakash
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Monika Mishra
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pavan Kumar
- Department of Developmental Neurogenetics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Shojaee A, Zareian P, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Low-frequency Stimulation Decreases Hyperexcitability Through Adenosine A1 Receptors in the Hippocampus of Kindled Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 11:333-347. [PMID: 32963726 PMCID: PMC7502188 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.11.2.1713.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, the role of A1 adenosine receptors in improving the effect of Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation (LFS) on seizure-induced hyperexcitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons was investigated. METHODS A semi-rapid hippocampal kindling model was used to induce seizures in male Wistar rats. Examination of the electrophysiological properties of CA1 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus using whole-cell patch-clamp recording 48 h after the last kindling stimulation revealed that the application of LFS as two packages of stimulations at a time interval of 6 h for two consecutive days could significantly restore the excitability CA1 pyramidal neurons evidenced by a decreased in the of the number of evoked action potentials and enhancement of amplitude, maximum rise slope and decay slope of the first evoked action potential, rheobase, utilization time, adaptation index, first-spike latency, and post-AHP amplitude. Selective locked of A1 receptors by the administration of 8-Cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine (1 μM, 1 μl, i.c.v.) before applying each LFS package, significantly reduced LFS effectiveness in recovering these parameters. RESULTS On the other hand, selective activation of A1 receptors by an injection of N6-cyclohexyladenosine (10 μM, 1 μl, i.c.v.), instead of LFS application, could imitate LFS function in improving these parameters. CONCLUSION It is suggested that LFS exerts its efficacy on reducing the neuronal excitability, partially by activating the adenosine system and activating its A1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shojaee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Zareian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Liu MX, Zhong J, Xia L, Dou NN, Li ST. IL-6 contributes to Na v1.3 up-regulation in trigeminal nerve following chronic constriction injury. Neurol Res 2020; 42:504-514. [PMID: 32279611 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1747719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background: To verify the hypothesis that the nature of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an ectopic impulse induced by sodium channel modulated by cytokines, we conducted an animal study using the infraorbital nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) model in rats.Method: The expression of Nav1.3 or IL-6 in the infraorbital nerve (ION) and trigeminal ganglion (TG) were detected by western blot and immunocytochemistry after administration of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide sequence (AS), IL-6 or Anti-IL-6.Results: With intrathecal administration of AS or mismatch oligodeoxynucleotide sequence (MM) in the CCI rats, the Nav1.3-IR in ION and TG accounted for 2.2 ± 0.51% and 8.5 ± 3.1% in AS+CCI group vs. 6.9 ± 1.3% and 38.7 ± 4.8% in MM+CCI group (p < 0.05), respectively. While with local administration of IL-6 in those with sham operation, it accounted for 7.4 ± 2.1% and 45.5 ± 3.4% in IL-6+ sham group vs. 1.9 ± 0.67% and 8.1 ± 1.3% in vehicle+sham group (p < 0.05); with local administration of anti-IL-6 in CCI rats, 4.5 ± 0.78% and 32.1 ± 9.6% in Anti-IL-6+ CCI group vs 8.9 ± 2.1% and 61.4 ± 11.2% in vehicle+CCI group (p < 0.05).Discussion: We believe that the emergence of Nav1.3 from the compressed trigeminal nerve might be an important structural basis for the development of the ectopic excitability on the axon and IL-6 may play a role of necessary precondition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Ning Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Ting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kumar V, Prakash C, Singh R, Sharma D. Curcumin's antiepileptic effect, and alterations in Na v1.1 and Na v1.6 expression in iron-induced epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2018; 150:7-16. [PMID: 30605865 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate: the antiepileptic effect of dietary curcumin, and the effect of epileptic state and curcumin on the molecular expression of voltage-activated Na+ channel subtypes Nav1.1 and Nav1.6 in the iron-induced experimental epilepsy in the rat. Rats were divided into four groups; Group I (control rats), Group II (epileptic rats), Group III (curcumin-fed epileptic rats), and Group IV (curcumin-fed rats). Curcumin was fed chronically to rats approximately at the dose of 100 mg/kg body wt. The animals were made epileptic by intracortical injection of FeCl3. The mRNA and protein expressions of Nav1.1 and Nav1.6 were examined by RT-PCR analysis and immuno-histochemistry. Results showed a significant increase (upregulation) in the expression of both Nav1.1 and Nav1.6 with seizure activity in the cortex and hippocampus of epileptic rats. Epileptic rats fed with curcumin showed a marked decrease in epileptiform activity, and reduced mRNA and protein levels of Nav1.1. It appears that the antiepileptic action of curcumin may be associated with the downregulation of Nav1.1 in the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Chandra Prakash
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rameshwar Singh
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Neurobiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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12
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Abnormal changes in voltage-gated sodium channels subtypes Na V 1.1, Na V 1.2, Na V 1.3, Na V 1.6 and CaM/CaMKII pathway in low-grade astrocytoma. Neurosci Lett 2018; 674:148-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Heindryckx F, Li JP. Role of proteoglycans in neuro-inflammation and central nervous system fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:589-601. [PMID: 29382609 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is defined as the thickening and scarring of connective tissue, usually as a consequence of tissue damage. The central nervous system (CNS) is special in the sense that fibrogenic cells are restricted to vascular and meningeal areas. Inflammation and the disruption of the blood-brain barrier can lead to the infiltration of fibroblasts and trigger fibrotic response. While the initial function of the fibrotic tissue is to restore the blood-brain barrier and to limit the site of injury, it also demolishes the structure of extracellular matrix and impedes the healing process by producing inhibitory molecules and forming a physical and biochemical barrier that prevents axon regeneration. As a major constituent in the extracellular matrix, proteoglycans participate in the neuro-inflammation, modulating the fibrotic process. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology of fibrosis during acute injuries of the CNS, as well as during chronic neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and age-related neurodegeneration with focus on the functional roles of proteoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Heindryckx
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jin-Ping Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology/SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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14
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Ondacova K, Moravcikova L, Jurkovicova D, Lacinova L. Fibrotic scar model and TGF-β1 differently modulate action potential firing and voltage-dependent ion currents in hippocampal neurons in primary culture. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2161-2176. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Ondacova
- Center of Biosciences; Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dubravska cesta 9 Bratislava 84005 Slovakia
| | - Lucia Moravcikova
- Center of Biosciences; Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dubravska cesta 9 Bratislava 84005 Slovakia
| | - Dana Jurkovicova
- KRD Molecular Technologies s. r. o.; Bratislava Slovakia
- Biomedical Research Center; Cancer Research Institute; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Lubica Lacinova
- Center of Biosciences; Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dubravska cesta 9 Bratislava 84005 Slovakia
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15
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Shao H, Yang Y, Mi Z, Zhu GX, Qi AP, Ji WG, Zhu ZR. Anticonvulsant effect of Rhynchophylline involved in the inhibition of persistent sodium current and NMDA receptor current in the pilocarpine rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuroscience 2016; 337:355-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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16
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Bergareche A, Bednarz M, Sánchez E, Krebs CE, Ruiz-Martinez J, De La Riva P, Makarov V, Gorostidi A, Jurkat-Rott K, Marti-Masso JF, Paisán-Ruiz C. SCN4A pore mutation pathogenetically contributes to autosomal dominant essential tremor and may increase susceptibility to epilepsy. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:7111-20. [PMID: 26427606 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is the most prevalent movement disorder, affecting millions of people in the USA. Although a positive family history is one of the most important risk factors for ET, the genetic causes of ET remain unknown. In an attempt to identify genetic causes for ET, we performed whole-exome sequencing analyses in a large Spanish family with ET, in which two patients also developed epilepsy. To further assess pathogenicity, site-directed mutagenesis, mouse and human brain expression analyses, and patch clamp techniques were performed. A disease-segregating mutation (p.Gly1537Ser) in the SCN4A gene was identified. Posterior functional analyses demonstrated that more rapid kinetics at near-threshold potentials altered ion selectivity and facilitated the conductance of both potassium and ammonium ions, which could contribute to tremor and increase susceptibility to epilepsy, respectively. In this report, for the first time, we associated the genetic variability of SCN4A with the development of essential tremor, which adds ET to the growing list of neurological channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bergareche
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Donostia San Sebastián Guipuzcoa Spain, Biodonostia Research Institute, Area of Neurosciences, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcin Bednarz
- Division of Neurophysiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Javier Ruiz-Martinez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Donostia San Sebastián Guipuzcoa Spain, Biodonostia Research Institute, Area of Neurosciences, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia De La Riva
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Donostia San Sebastián Guipuzcoa Spain, Biodonostia Research Institute, Area of Neurosciences, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vladimir Makarov
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ana Gorostidi
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Donostia San Sebastián Guipuzcoa Spain, Biodonostia Research Institute, Area of Neurosciences, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karin Jurkat-Rott
- Division of Neurophysiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jose Felix Marti-Masso
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitario Donostia San Sebastián Guipuzcoa Spain, Biodonostia Research Institute, Area of Neurosciences, Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country, EHU-UPV San Sebastián Gipuzkoa Spain, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coro Paisán-Ruiz
- Department of Neurology, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Friedman Brain Institute, Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA and
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17
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Biet M, Morin N, Lessard-Beaudoin M, Graham RK, Duss S, Gagné J, Sanon NT, Carmant L, Dumaine R. Prolongation of Action Potential Duration and QT Interval During Epilepsy Linked to Increased Contribution of Neuronal Sodium Channels to Cardiac Late Na
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Current. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2015; 8:912-20. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.114.002693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Biet
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Nathalie Morin
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Melissa Lessard-Beaudoin
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Rona K. Graham
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Sandra Duss
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Jonathan Gagné
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Nathalie T. Sanon
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Lionel Carmant
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
| | - Robert Dumaine
- From the Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada (M.B., N.M., M.L.-B., R.K.G., R.D.); and Department of Pediatrics, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.D., J.G., N.T.S., L.C.)
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18
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Wolfart J, Laker D. Homeostasis or channelopathy? Acquired cell type-specific ion channel changes in temporal lobe epilepsy and their antiepileptic potential. Front Physiol 2015; 6:168. [PMID: 26124723 PMCID: PMC4467176 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons continuously adapt the expression and functionality of their ion channels. For example, exposed to chronic excitotoxicity, neurons homeostatically downscale their intrinsic excitability. In contrast, the “acquired channelopathy” hypothesis suggests that proepileptic channel characteristics develop during epilepsy. We review cell type-specific channel alterations under different epileptic conditions and discuss the potential of channels that undergo homeostatic adaptations, as targets for antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Most of the relevant studies have been performed on temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), a widespread AED-refractory, focal epilepsy. The TLE patients, who undergo epilepsy surgery, frequently display hippocampal sclerosis (HS), which is associated with degeneration of cornu ammonis subfield 1 pyramidal cells (CA1 PCs). Although the resected human tissue offers insights, controlled data largely stem from animal models simulating different aspects of TLE and other epilepsies. Most of the cell type-specific information is available for CA1 PCs and dentate gyrus granule cells (DG GCs). Between these two cell types, a dichotomy can be observed: while DG GCs acquire properties decreasing the intrinsic excitability (in TLE models and patients with HS), CA1 PCs develop channel characteristics increasing intrinsic excitability (in TLE models without HS only). However, thorough examination of data on these and other cell types reveals the coexistence of protective and permissive intrinsic plasticity within neurons. These mechanisms appear differentially regulated, depending on the cell type and seizure condition. Interestingly, the same channel molecules that are upregulated in DG GCs during HS-related TLE, appear as promising targets for future AEDs and gene therapies. Hence, GCs provide an example of homeostatic ion channel adaptation which can serve as a primer when designing novel anti-epileptic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wolfart
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock Rostock, Germany
| | - Debora Laker
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock Rostock, Germany
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19
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Moradi Chameh H, Janahmadi M, Semnanian S, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Effect of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on kindling-induced changes in electrophysiological properties of rat CA1 pyramidal neurons. Brain Res 2015; 1606:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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Zhang Z, van Praag H. Maternal immune activation differentially impacts mature and adult-born hippocampal neurons in male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 45:60-70. [PMID: 25449671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in the hippocampus, a brain area important for learning and memory. The dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus develops both before and after birth. To study the relative contribution of mature and adult-born DG granule cells to disease etiology, we compared both cell populations in a mouse model of psychiatric illness resulting from maternal immune activation. Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (PolyIC, 5mg/kg) or saline was given on gestation day 15 to pregnant female C57Bl/6 mice. Male offspring (n=105), was administered systemic bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, 50mg/kg) (n=52) or intracerebral retroviral injection into the DG (n=53), to label dividing cells at one month of age. Two months later behavioral tests were performed to evaluate disease phenotype. Immunohistochemistry and whole-cell patch clamping were used to assess morphological and physiological characteristics of DG cells. Three-month-old PolyIC exposed male offspring exhibited deficient pre-pulse inhibition, spatial maze performance and motor coordination, as well as increased depression-like behavior. Histological analysis showed reduced DG volume and parvalbumin positive interneuron number. Both mature and new hippocampal neurons showed modifications in intrinsic properties such as increased input resistance and lower current threshold, and decreased action potential number. Reduced GABAergic inhibitory transmission was observed only in mature DG neurons. Differential impairments in mature DG cells and adult-born new neurons may have implications for behavioral deficits associated with maternal immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Neuroplasticity and Behavior Unit, Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Neuroplasticity and Behavior Unit, Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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21
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Guo F, Zhou PD, Gao QH, Gong J, Feng R, Xu XX, Liu SY, Hu HY, Zhao MM, Adam HC, Cai JQ, Hao LY. Low-Mg(2+) treatment increases sensitivity of voltage-gated Na(+) channels to Ca(2+)/calmodulin-mediated modulation in cultured hippocampal neurons. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 308:C594-605. [PMID: 25652447 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00174.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Culture of hippocampal neurons in low-Mg(2+) medium (low-Mg(2+) neurons) results in induction of continuous seizure activity. However, the underlying mechanism of the contribution of low Mg(2+) to hyperexcitability of neurons has not been clarified. Our data, obtained using the patch-clamp technique, show that voltage-gated Na(+) channel (VGSC) activity, which is associated with a persistent, noninactivating Na(+) current (INa,P), was modulated by calmodulin (CaM) in a concentration-dependent manner in normal and low-Mg(2+) neurons, but the channel activity was more sensitive to Ca(2+)/CaM regulation in low-Mg(2+) than normal neurons. The increased sensitivity of VGSCs in low-Mg(2+) neurons was partially retained when CaM12 and CaM34, CaM mutants with disabled binding sites in the N or C lobe, were used but was diminished when CaM1234, a CaM mutant in which all four Ca(2+) sites are disabled, was used, indicating that functional Ca(2+)-binding sites from either lobe of CaM are required for modulation of VGSCs in low-Mg(2+) neurons. Furthermore, the number of neurons exhibiting colocalization of CaM with the VGSC subtypes NaV1.1, NaV1.2, and NaV1.3 was significantly higher in low- Mg(2+) than normal neurons, as shown by immunofluorescence. Our main finding is that low-Mg(2+) treatment increases sensitivity of VGSCs to Ca(2+)/CaM-mediated regulation. Our data reveal that CaM, as a core regulating factor, connects the functional roles of the three main intracellular ions, Na(+), Ca(2+), and Mg(2+), by modulating VGSCs and provides a possible explanation for the seizure discharge observed in low-Mg(2+) neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pei-Dong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing-Hua Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Gong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; and
| | - Shu-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mei-Mi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hogan-Cann Adam
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ji-Qun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li-Ying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Zhang S, Xie C, Wang Q, Liu Z. Interactions of CaMKII with dopamine D2 receptors: roles in levodopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned Parkinson's rats. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6811. [PMID: 25351365 PMCID: PMC4212240 DOI: 10.1038/srep06811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is a synapse-enriched kinase in mammalian brains. This kinase interacts with various synaptic proteins to regulate expression and function of interacting proteins and thereby modulates synaptic transmission. CaMKII and its interacting partners are also believed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we found that CaMKIIα binds to dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) in vitro. A distal region in the D2R third intracellular loop harbors CaMKIIα binding. Endogenous CaMKIIα was also found to interact with native D2Rs in rat striatal neurons in which D2Rs are expressed at a high level. In addition, in a rat 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned model of PD, chronic levodopa administration induced characteristic dyskinesia. In parallel, levodopa induced an increase in CaMKIIα-D2R interactions in striatal neurons. Intrastriatal injection of a Tat-fusion and CaMKIIα-D2R interaction-dead peptide (Tat-D2Ri) reversed this increase in the interaction between two proteins. Tat-D2Ri also alleviated dyskinetic behaviors induced by levodopa. These results reveal a new interaction between CaMKIIα and D2Rs in striatal neurons which is sensitive to long-term administration of levodopa in PD rats. Prevention of the response of CaMKIIα-D2R interactions to levodopa can alleviate levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuFang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - ChengLong Xie
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - ZhenGuo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Szilágyi T, Száva I, Metz EJ, Mihály I, Orbán-Kis K. Untangling the pathomechanisms of temporal lobe epilepsy—The promise of epileptic biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches. Brain Res Bull 2014; 109:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Xu X, Guo F, He Q, Cai X, Min D, Wang Q, Wang S, Tian L, Cai J, Zhao Y. Altered expression of neuropeptide Y, Y1 and Y2 receptors, but not Y5 receptor, within hippocampus and temporal lobe cortex of tremor rats. Neuropeptides 2014; 48:97-105. [PMID: 24444822 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
As an endogenous inhibitor of glutamate-mediated synaptic transmission in mammalian central nervous system, neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a crucial role in regulating homeostasis of neuron excitability. Loss of balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission is thought to be a chief mechanism of epileptogenesis. The abnormal expression of NPY and its receptors observed following seizures have been demonstrated to be related to the production of epilepsy. The tremor rat (TRM) is a hereditary epileptic animal model. So far, there is no report concerning whether NPY and its receptors may be involved in TRM pathogenesis. In this study, we focused on the expression of NPY and its three receptor subtypes: Y1R, Y2R and Y5R in the TRM brain. We first found the expression of NPY in TRM hippocampus and temporal lobe cortex was increased compared with control (Wistar) rats. The mRNA and protein expression of Y1R was down-regulated in hippocampus but up-regulated in temporal lobe cortex, whereas Y2R expression was significantly increased in both areas. There was no significant change of Y5R expression in either area. The immunohistochemistry data showed that Y1R, Y2R, Y5R were present throughout CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus (DG) and the entorhinal cortex which is included in the temporal lobe cortex of TRM. In conclusion, our results showed the altered expression of NPY, Y1R and Y2R but not Y5R in hippocampus and temporal lobe cortex of TRM brain. This abnormal expression may be associated with the generation of epileptiform activity and provide a candidate target for treatment of genetic epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- Biochip Center, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qun He
- Biochip Center, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xinze Cai
- Central Lab, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Dongyu Min
- Experiment Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Qianhui Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Shaocheng Wang
- Biochip Center, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Liu Tian
- Biochip Center, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jiqun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Biochip Center, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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