1
|
Brailovskaia J. The "Vicious Circle of addictive Social Media Use and Mental Health" Model. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 247:104306. [PMID: 38735249 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Social media use (SMU) is a significant part of many people's everyday life. Research around the globe describes an increase of addictive SMU tendencies since the COVID-19 outbreak. The present work combines available findings in the "Vicious Circle of addictive Social Media Use and Mental Health" model to explain how social media (SM) activity can contribute to the development of addictive tendencies, which consequences they have for mental health, and how to prevent them. Following the model, the interplay between the risk factors negative experiences caused by daily hassles and by unexpected global and traumatic events, SMU (dimension "quality"), and SM flow can directly contribute to addictive SMU through the "vicious circle". Time spent on SMU (dimension "quantity"), symptoms of depression and anxiety, and the personality trait narcissism contribute to the circle as moderators. Symptoms of stress, insomnia, and suicide-related outcomes are described as potential consequences of addictive SMU. Based on longitudinal intervention studies, a conscious reduction of SMU time and an increase of physical activity, as well as positive mental health and mindfulness are identified as protective factors that reduce the risk of addictive tendencies. The model contributes to a better understanding of addictive SMU. Implications of the model for future research and praxis, specifically for mental health programs and therapeutic treatment are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), partner site Bochum/Marburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carona C, Pereira M, Araújo-Pedrosa A, Monteiro F, Cristina Canavarro M, Fonseca A. For Whom and for How Long Does the "Be a Mom" Intervention Work? A Secondary Analysis of Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial Exploring the Mid-Term Efficacy and Moderators of Treatment Response. Behav Ther 2024; 55:768-785. [PMID: 38937049 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
This study explored clinical and sociodemographic moderators of treatment response to "Be a Mom", an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) intervention, from baseline to postintervention, in women at high risk for postpartum depression (PPD). The study also assessed the stability of women's treatment gains from baseline to 4-months postintervention (follow-up). This open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) involved a sample of 1,053 postpartum Portuguese women identified as being at high risk for PPD (i.e., having a score of 5.5 or higher on the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised); participants were allocated to "Be a Mom" intervention group or a waiting-list control group, and completed self-report measures at baseline, postintervention, and a 4-month follow-up (554 women completed follow-up assessments). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and flourishing/positive mental health was assessed with the Mental Health Continuum. Regression models and linear mixed models were used to examine moderators of treatment and the mid-term efficacy of the "Be a Mom" intervention, respectively. The results revealed that treatment completion, higher depression scores at baseline, and higher income levels were linked to greater symptom reduction and positive mental health enhancement. Moreover, the efficacy of the "Be a Mom" intervention was supported at the 4-month follow-up. The "Be a Mom" intervention appears to be an effective iCBT tool for reducing psychological distress and enhancing positive mental health in women at risk for PPD, with therapeutic improvements maintained over a 4-month period.
Collapse
|
3
|
Brailovskaia J, Teismann T, Margraf J. Positive mental health accounts for the relationship between insomnia symptoms and suicide-related outcomes. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 174:192-196. [PMID: 38642456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Insomnia symptoms have been shown to be associated with suicide ideation/behavior. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear and studies on protective factors that might mitigate the association between sleep-related problems and suicide ideation/behavior are largely missing. On this background the aim of the current study was to investigate, whether positive mental health (PMH) accounts for the association between insomnia symptoms and suicidal ideation/behavior. A total of 913 participants (72.2% women; age: M(SD) = 25.91 (7.08)) completed measures on insomnia symptoms, PMH and suicide ideation/behavior via an online survey. The results reveal a significant association between insomnia symptoms and PMH. Both variables were significantly linked to lifetime suicide ideation/behavior and 12-month suicide ideation. Moreover, the association between insomnia symptoms and suicide-related outcomes was significantly mitigated by PMH. The current findings complement previous studies on the association between insomnia symptoms and suicide ideation/behavior. Furthermore, they demonstrate that PMH can mitigate the risk of suicide-related outcomes. Therapeutic intervention targeting insomnia symptoms and fostering PMH might be useful in the prevention of suicide ideation/behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), partner site Bochum/Marburg, Germany.
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), partner site Bochum/Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brailovskaia J, Schneider S, Margraf J. The "bubbles"-study: Validation of ultra-short scales for the assessment of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300923. [PMID: 38507342 PMCID: PMC10954120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms cause substantial psychological and economic burdens around the globe. To mitigate the negative consequences, the negative symptoms should be identified at an early stage. Therefore, the implementation of very brief valid screening tools in mental health prevention programs and in therapeutic settings is advantageous. In two studies on representative German population samples, we developed and validated three ultra-short scales-the "bubbles"-that consist of only one item based on the Depression Anxiety Stress 21 subscales (DASS-21) for the assessment of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. The results of Study 1 (N = 1,001) and Study 2 (N = 894) revealed that the bubbles are valid instruments that fit the DASS-21 subscales on the factor level. Moreover, the bubbles replicated the association pattern of the DASS-21 subscales with demographic variables, and with variables that belong to the negative and the positive dimension of mental health. Thus, due to their time- and cost-efficiency, the bubbles can be used as brief screening tools in research (e.g., large-scale studies, longitudinal studies, experience sampling paradigms) and in praxis. Their shortness can prevent fatigue, motivation decrease, and participants' drop-out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Schneider
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Germany
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bonneville-Roussy A, Laberge F. Stability and Change in Mental Health Profiles from Middle Adulthood to Very Old Age. Clin Gerontol 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38477335 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2024.2329150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates mental health (MH) through the dual-factor model, emphasizing both well-being and ill-being. Our objectives were to (1) identify MH profiles based on this model; (2) track these profiles over time; and (3) explore socio-demographic and physical health factors associated with these profiles. METHODS We employed Latent Transition Analysis on data from 5,561 individuals aged 39-92, using two waves from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Well-being was assessed via life satisfaction and quality of life, while ill-being was measured through depression and loneliness. The predictors were socio-demographic and physical health variables. RESULTS Four distinct MH profiles emerged, each with unique levels of well-being and ill-being. Stability was more common in adaptive profiles. Physical health was key in predicting transition. CONCLUSIONS Identifying MH profiles in old age enhances our understanding of how MH adapts with aging. This approach reveals the complexity of MH beyond traditional ill-being, underscoring the importance of well-being. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS • The majority of older adults maintain good MH, suggesting a need for a paradigm shift toward enhancing well-being rather than solely treating ill-being.• Effective MH interventions should integrate both well-being and ill-being assessments to offer understanding and support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - François Laberge
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brailovskaia J, von Brachel R, van Hall F, Teismann T, Hirschfeld G, Margraf J. A dual-factor model perspective on depressed inpatients: examining the dynamics of mental health and therapy outcomes. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1295032. [PMID: 38274438 PMCID: PMC10808683 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1295032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The dual-factor model of mental health posits that mental health and mental illness constitute two distinct axes; accordingly the model identifies four mental health groups: (1) complete mental health, (2) troubled, (3) vulnerable, (4) symptomatic but content. Yet, only a few studies investigated effectiveness of therapy on both dimensions of mental health simultaneously. Against this background, the present study aimed to determine proportions and changes of group assignments in depressed inpatients undergoing therapy. Method N = 1,044 depressed inpatients (age in years: M = 53.36, SD = 9.81, range: 17-83) completed a pre- and a post-treatment survey including questionnaires on depression, anxiety, and positive mental health. A total of n = 328 persons completed the survey also at 6-month and 12-month follow-up assessments. Results In the classification that included depression symptoms and positive mental health, 49% of the participants were classified as troubled and 13.2% were classified as completely mentally healthy at the pre-treatment assessment. At the post-treatment, 9.5% were classified as troubled and 55.7% were classified as completely mentally healthy. In the classification that included anxiety symptoms and positive mental health, 21.9% of the participants were classified as troubled and 14.2% were classified as completely mentally healthy at the pre-treatment assessment. At the post-treatment, 3.7% were classified as troubled and 56.1% were classified as completely mentally healthy. About 10 to 20% of patients showed an improvement in depression/anxiety and positive mental health, whereas another 10 to 20% showed a reduction in depression/anxiety, but only a minor increase in positive mental health between pre- and post-treatment. Conclusion Findings are in line with past research inspired by the dual-factor model in showing that enhancing positive mental health and alleviating psychopathology do not always co-occur in treatment. It is therefore important to implement measures of both psychopathology and positive mental health in therapy outcome studies, and to promote interventions targeting both psychopathology and positive mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ruth von Brachel
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kloos N, Kraiss J, Ten Klooster P, Bohlmeijer E. First validation of the model of sustainable mental health: Structural model validity and the indirect role of adaptation. J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:2650-2667. [PMID: 37543726 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a growing interest in mental well-being as a vital outcome in clinical practice in addition to mental illness. The model of sustainable mental health (SMH) was recently introduced to delineate how interventions can improve mental health by targeting barriers and resources of adaptation to life stressors, improving the ability to adapt and thereby reducing mental illness and improving mental well-being. The aim of the current study is to empirically validate the conceptual model of SMH as well as the assumed indirect role of ability to adapt. METHODS This study used an existing dataset of the general population with self-reported reduced well-being due to the corona crisis (n = 849, mean age 53 years, SD = 15). Measurements of mental illness (depression and anxiety), mental well-being, ability to adapt, a specific barrier for adaptation (i.e., repetitive negative thinking), and a specific resource for adaptation (i.e., positive reframing) were included. Structural equation modeling was used to assess both the structural validity of the model and the indirect effect of ability to adapt. RESULTS An acceptable to good fit was found for the model of SMH and all paths between the proposed elements of the model were significant and in the hypothesized direction. Ability to adapt served as an indirect pathway trough which repetitive negative thinking (B = 0.149, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.016-0.028) and positive reframing (B = 0.163, 95% CI = 0.065-0.123) were linked with mental illness and mental well-being. CONCLUSION The current study provides the first empirical support of the internal validity of the model of SMH in a sample of the general population with reduced well-being, suggesting that barriers and resources to adaptation have an effect on mental illness and mental well-being through the ability to adapt. The model of SMH may therefore be a good model to use in research and clinical practice for developing, implementing, and evaluating a balanced treatment approach targeting both barriers and resources for adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noortje Kloos
- Centre for eHealth and Well-Being Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jannis Kraiss
- Centre for eHealth and Well-Being Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Klooster
- Centre for eHealth and Well-Being Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst Bohlmeijer
- Centre for eHealth and Well-Being Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Franken K, ten Klooster P, Bohlmeijer E, Westerhof G, Kraiss J. Predicting non-improvement of symptoms in daily mental healthcare practice using routinely collected patient-level data: a machine learning approach. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1236551. [PMID: 37817829 PMCID: PMC10560743 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1236551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Anxiety and mood disorders greatly affect the quality of life for individuals worldwide. A substantial proportion of patients do not sufficiently improve during evidence-based treatments in mental healthcare. It remains challenging to predict which patients will or will not benefit. Moreover, the limited research available on predictors of treatment outcomes comes from efficacy RCTs with strict selection criteria which may limit generalizability to a real-world context. The current study evaluates the performance of different machine learning (ML) models in predicting non-improvement in an observational sample of patients treated in routine specialized mental healthcare. Methods In the current longitudinal exploratory prediction study diagnosis-related, sociodemographic, clinical and routinely collected patient-reported quantitative outcome measures were acquired during treatment as usual of 755 patients with a primary anxiety, depressive, obsessive compulsive or trauma-related disorder in a specialized outpatient mental healthcare center. ML algorithms were trained to predict non-response (< 0.5 standard deviation improvement) in symptomatic distress 6 months after baseline. Different models were trained, including models with and without early change scores in psychopathology and well-being and models with a trimmed set of predictor variables. Performance of trained models was evaluated in a hold-out sample (30%) as a proxy for unseen data. Results ML models without early change scores performed poorly in predicting six-month non-response in the hold-out sample with Area Under the Curves (AUCs) < 0.63. Including early change scores slightly improved the models' performance (AUC range: 0.68-0.73). Computationally-intensive ML models did not significantly outperform logistic regression (AUC: 0.69). Reduced prediction models performed similar to the full prediction models in both the models without (AUC: 0.58-0.62 vs. 0.58-0.63) and models with early change scores (AUC: 0.69-0.73 vs. 0.68-0.71). Across different ML algorithms, early change scores in psychopathology and well-being consistently emerged as important predictors for non-improvement. Conclusion Accurately predicting treatment outcomes in a mental healthcare context remains challenging. While advanced ML algorithms offer flexibility, they showed limited additional value compared to traditional logistic regression in this study. The current study confirmed the importance of taking early change scores in both psychopathology and well-being into account for predicting longer-term outcomes in symptomatic distress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katinka Franken
- Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
D'Souza JM, Long LJ, Richardson AL, Gallagher MW. Hope, optimism, and self-efficacy predicting mental health and illness in a community sample exposed to Hurricane Harvey. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:2774-2789. [PMID: 37453085 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In 2017, Hurricane Harvey flooded more than 300,000 buildings causing an estimated $125 billion in damages and resulting in 68 deaths (National Hurricane Center). This actual or threatened loss of life and physical harm led many to report negative effects on mental well-being and greater mental illness. However, many individuals have been able to experience similar adverse events without a significant negative impact on their mental health and well-being. Positive thinking factors such as hope, optimism, and self-efficacy have been proposed as protective factors in the face of difficult life events. Hope, optimism, and self-efficacy are related but distinct constructs that have often been studied separately, but whose unique impact on well-being and mental illness is less clear, especially in the context of a natural hazard. The current study uses structural equation modeling to measure the unique contribution of hope, optimism, and hurricane-coping self-efficacy on mental well-being and mental illness in a community sample of 300 subjects who experienced Hurricane Harvey, recruited from Mechanical Turk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann M D'Souza
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laura J Long
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Matthew W Gallagher
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation, and Statistics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schürmann-Vengels J, Troche S, Victor PP, Teismann T, Willutzki U. Multidimensional Assessment of Strengths and Their Association With Mental Health in Psychotherapy Patients at the Beginning of Treatment. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2023; 5:e8041. [PMID: 37732153 PMCID: PMC10508254 DOI: 10.32872/cpe.8041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Modern concepts assume that mental health is not just the absence of mental illness but is also characterized by positive well-being. Recent findings indicated a less pronounced distinction of positive and negative mental health dimensions in clinical samples. Self-perceived strengths were associated with markers of mental health in healthy individuals. However, analyses of strengths and their association with different mental health variables in clinical populations are scarce. Method A cross-sectional design was conducted at a German outpatient training and research center. 274 patients before treatment (female: 66.4%, mean age = 42.53, SD = 13.34, range = 18-79) filled out the Witten Strengths and Resource Form (WIRF), a multidimensional self-report of strengths, as well as other instruments assessing positive and negative mental health variables. Data was analyzed with structural equation modeling and latent regression analyses. Results Confirmatory factor analysis of the WIRF showed good model fit for the assumed three-subscale solution. Regarding mental health, a one-factor model with positive and negative variables as opposite poles showed acceptable fit. A correlated dual-factor model was not appropriate for the data. All WIRF subscales significantly predicted unique parts of variance of the latent mental illness factor (p = .035 - p < .001). Conclusion The context-specific assessment of patients' strengths was confirmed and led to an information gain in the prediction of mental health. Results suggest that positive and negative facets of mental health are highly entwined in people with pronounced symptoms. The scientific and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schürmann-Vengels
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Stefan Troche
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Pascal Victor
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrike Willutzki
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mason Stephens J, Iasiello M, Ali K, van Agteren J, Fassnacht DB. The Importance of Measuring Mental Wellbeing in the Context of Psychological Distress: Using a Theoretical Framework to Test the Dual-Continua Model of Mental Health. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050436. [PMID: 37232673 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The dual-continua model of mental health suggests that psychological distress and mental wellbeing operate on two distinct yet related continua, both uniquely contributing to overall mental health. Previous literature provides support for the dual-continua model; however, inconsistent methodologies lacking a common theoretical underpinning have led to findings that are difficult to compare across studies. Using archival data, this study aimed to test the following three theoretically derived criteria proposed to accurately examine the dual-continua model: (1) confirming independent existence, (2) disconfirming bipolarity, and (3) quantifying functional independence. METHOD In total, 2065 participants (female n = 1193; 57.8%) completed two online assessments (minimum 30 days apart) measuring psychological distress, mental wellbeing, and demographic information. RESULTS In total, 1.1% of participants experienced high distress as well as mental wellbeing confirming that psychological distress and mental wellbeing exist independently (Criterion 1). Bipolarity (Criterion 2) was partly disconfirmed: mental wellbeing consistently decreased as symptom severity increased for depression; however, anxiety and stress did not meet bipolarity requirements. Functional independence (Criterion 3) was established: longitudinal analysis found that participants reliably and simultaneously increased (2.7%) or decreased (4.2%) in distress and mental wellbeing, while cross-sectional analysis showed that psychological distress only explained 38% of the variance in mental wellbeing. DISCUSSION Findings provide further support for the dual-continua model through analysis of the proposed assessment criteria, suggesting a further need to measure the dual-continua model at the subdomain level, e.g., depression, anxiety, and stress, as opposed to global psychological distress. Validation for the proposed assessment criteria provides important methodological foundations for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Mason Stephens
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Matthew Iasiello
- Mental Health and Wellbeing Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Kathina Ali
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Mental Health and Wellbeing Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - Joep van Agteren
- Mental Health and Wellbeing Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Daniel B Fassnacht
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Mental Health and Wellbeing Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Effectiveness of ACT-based intervention in compliance with the model for sustainable mental health: A cluster randomized control trial in a group of older adults. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
|
13
|
Sabados D, Potash JS. Art for Humanizing Mental Illness When Teaching Diagnosis. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/00221678231161386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Teaching a class that covers psychiatric diagnoses is essential for graduate students in mental health professions both for the purpose of providing informed therapeutic services for their clients who may have been diagnosed with a mental illness, and, increasingly, for the provision of diagnosis as a licensed clinician in the United States. Art therapy educators designed an experiential learning approach rooted in two frameworks that humanize mental illness (Two Continua Model of Mental Health and Mental Illness, Power Threat Meaning) combined with reflective art viewing and making. A cumulative art assignment based on one-canvas painting fosters students’ critical perspectives through four observed patterns: appreciating impact of layering; understanding mental illness through art materials and processes; empathizing through reflecting on one’s own experiences; and recognizing the wholeness of those living with mental illness. The incorporation of response art in the psychopathology class has had the intended dual impact of instilling a humanizing approach to mental illness and fostering self-reflection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sabados
- The George Washington University, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lomas T, VanderWeele TJ. The Mental Illness-Health Matrix and the Mental State Space Matrix: Complementary meta-conceptual frameworks for evaluating psychological states. J Clin Psychol 2023. [PMID: 36916858 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is increasingly appreciated that mental health may not just involve a relative absence of mental illness, but the active presence of positive psychological desiderata. However, research attention on mental illness and health has tended to remain siloed and disconnected-proceeding along parallel tracks-with their potential relationship underexplored and undertheorized. As such, we sought to develop theoretical models to help us better understand the interaction of these two domains of experience. METHODS Through extensive engagement with relevant literature, we created two complementary meta-conceptual frameworks to represent and evaluate states of mental illness and health. RESULTS The Mental Illness-Health Matrix allows different forms of mental illness and health to be situated and assessed within a common framework. The Mental State Space Matrix further enables these various forms to be conceptualized and appraised in terms of numerous common parameters (e.g., valence and arousal). CONCLUSION It is hoped that these frameworks will stimulate and support further research on the inter-relational dynamics of illness and health. Indeed, the matrices themselves are provisional works-in-progress, with their articulation here intended as a foundation for their further development as understanding of these topics evolves and improves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Lomas
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tyler J VanderWeele
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cascading effects of partner relationship satisfaction on complete perinatal mental health: An exploratory serial mediation analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
|
16
|
Iasiello M, van Agteren J, Ali K, Fassnacht DB. Positive psychology is better served by a bivariate rather than bipolar conceptualization of mental health and mental illness: a commentary on Zhao & Tay (2022). THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2023.2179935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Iasiello
- Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - J. van Agteren
- Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - K. Ali
- College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - D. B Fassnacht
- College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Joshanloo M, Blasco-Belled A. Reciprocal Associations between Depressive Symptoms, Life Satisfaction, and Eudaimonic Well-Being in Older Adults over a 16-Year Period. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2374. [PMID: 36767740 PMCID: PMC9915537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The dual-continua model of mental health distinguishes between mental illness (presence of mental disorders, such as depression) and mental well-being (presence of positive traits and abilities). This model also distinguishes between hedonic well-being (e.g., affect balance and life satisfaction) and eudaimonic well-being (i.e., optimal psychological and social functioning, as indicated for example by having a purpose in life). We examined the relationships between depressive symptoms (a common indicator of mental illness), life satisfaction, and eudaimonic well-being. The study used a sample of 17,056 participants from England whose data were collected at eight intervals of approximately two years over a 16-year period, from 2004 to 2019. The mean age of the sample in the first wave was 58.843 years, with a standard deviation of 12.617 years (women = 55.2%). We disentangled within- and between-person sources of variance to examine whether increases or decreases in one variable preceded changes in the other variables at the next time point. We found positive reciprocal relationships between life satisfaction and eudaimonic well-being and negative reciprocal relationships between the two well-being dimensions and depressive symptoms. These results suggest that within-person increases in well-being are followed by future decreases in depressive symptoms, and within-person increases in depressive symptoms are followed by future decreases in well-being. Therefore, low levels of mental well-being in older adults may be considered a risk factor for depression, and well-being interventions (such as those focused on meaning-making) may serve as a protective factor against depression in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Joshanloo
- Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ana Blasco-Belled
- Department of Psychology, University of Girona, Plaça Sant Domènec, 9, 17004 Girona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Carona C, Xavier S, Araújo-Pedrosa A, Canavarro MC, Fonseca A. Mental health profiles of women at high-risk for postpartum depression: a latent profile analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2022.2163352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Carona
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Xavier
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Araújo-Pedrosa
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Psychology Service, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, Reproduction and Neonatology (Maternity Daniel de Matos), Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Rua Miguel Torga, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Cristina Canavarro
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fonseca
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Beames JR, Spanos S, Roberts A, McGillivray L, Li S, Newby JM, O'Dea B, Werner-Seidler A. Intervention Programs Targeting the Mental Health, Professional Burnout, and/or Wellbeing of School Teachers: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2023; 35:26. [PMID: 36876289 PMCID: PMC9974401 DOI: 10.1007/s10648-023-09720-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper outlines a systematic review and meta-analyses to identify, describe, and evaluate randomised and non-randomised controlled trials of psychological programs targeting the mental health, professional burnout, and/or wellbeing of school classroom teachers. Eighty-eight unique studies were identified for inclusion in the review, and of those 46 were included in the meta-analyses (23 randomised controlled trials). In randomised controlled trials, the programs examined had large effects on stress (g=0.93), and moderate effects on anxiety (g=0.65), depression (g=0.51), professional burnout (g=0.57), and wellbeing (g=0.56) at post. In non-randomised controlled trials, programs had moderate effects on stress (g=0.50), and small effects on anxiety (g=0.38) and wellbeing (g=0.38) at post. Studies were heterogeneous in design and methodological quality was generally poor, particularly in non-randomised controlled trials. There was an inadequate number of comparisons to perform sub-group analyses, meta-regression, or publication bias analyses. Most of the programs examined required significant time, effort, and resources to deliver and complete. These programs may not translate well outside of research trials to real-world contexts due to teachers being time-poor. Priorities for research include using methodologically rigorous designs, developing programs for teachers with teachers (i.e. co-design), and considering implementation factors to ensure feasibility, acceptability, and uptake. Systematic Review Registration Number: PROPSERO - CRD42020159805. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10648-023-09720-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne R Beames
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Samantha Spanos
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Anna Roberts
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Lauren McGillivray
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Sophie Li
- Black Dog Institute and School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Jill M Newby
- Black Dog Institute and School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Bridianne O'Dea
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Monteiro F, Fernandes DV, Pires R, Moreira H, Melo C, Araújo-Pedrosa A. Exploring factors associated with complete mental health of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwifery 2023; 116:103521. [PMID: 36288676 PMCID: PMC9578971 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore a wide range of factors associated with complete mental health (i.e., positive mental health - the presence of flourishing, and the absence of mental illness - depressive and anxious symptoms) among Portuguese pregnant women, during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Quantitative cross-sectional study. SETTING Data were collected through an online survey placed on social media websites targeting pregnant Portuguese adult women between October 2020 and April 2021. PARTICIPANTS The sample comprised 207 pregnant women. RESULTS A multivariate logistic regression model showed that higher levels of self-compassion and higher engagement in mindful self-care practices increased the likelihood of reporting complete mental health during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Promoting self-compassion and mindful self-care may be particularly important in pregnant women, as these psychological factors appear to contribute to complete mental health during COVID-19 pandemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The COVID-19 pandemic represented a demanding period for pregnant women. Our findings highlight that targeting the promotion of self-compassion and mindful self-care practices during stressful periods could significantly contribute to their overall mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Monteiro
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, Coimbra 3000-115, Portugal,Corresponding author
| | - Daniela V. Fernandes
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, Coimbra 3000-115, Portugal
| | - Raquel Pires
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, Coimbra 3000-115, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, Coimbra 3000-115, Portugal
| | - Claúdia Melo
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, Coimbra 3000-115, Portugal
| | - Anabela Araújo-Pedrosa
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, Coimbra 3000-115, Portugal,Clinical Psychology Service and Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, Reproduction and Neonatology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schürmann-Vengels J, Appelbaum S, Apel MK, Trimpop L, Muermans MM, Ostermann T, Teismann T, Willutzki U. Association of patients’ pre-therapy strengths and alliance in outpatient psychotherapy: A multilevel growth curve analysis. Psychother Res 2022; 33:551-565. [DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2022.2146543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schürmann-Vengels
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Sebastian Appelbaum
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
- Trimberg Research Academy, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Marie-Kristin Apel
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Leonie Trimpop
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Ostermann
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrike Willutzki
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
de Vos JA, Radstaak M, Bohlmeijer ET, Westerhof GJ. Modelling trajectories of change in psychopathology and well-being during eating disorder outpatient treatment. Psychother Res 2022; 33:415-427. [PMID: 36330764 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2022.2139647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: There are considerable differences in how eating disorder (ED) patients respond to treatment. This study aimed to identify change trajectories of mental health during treatment. Method: Longitudinal data of 442 patients was used with five time points during a year of outpatient treatment. ED psychopathology and well-being were used as primary measures. A series of latent growth mixture models were applied to model trajectories of change. Results: Three latent classes were found for ED psychopathology and well-being. For ED psychopathology, a high baseline severity and slow recovery class (55.9% of the patients), a high baseline severity followed by a substantial recovery class (19.9%) and a moderate baseline severity and no significant recovery class (24.2%) were found. For well-being, a low baseline followed by a slow growth class (44.6%), a low baseline and substantial growth class (9.5%) and a moderate and stable well-being class (45.9%) was found. General psychopathology, early symptom change, hope for recovery, intrinsic motivation and the ED type were predictive of class membership in either ED psychopathology or well-being. Conclusions: This study shows variability in ED psychopathology and well-being change trajectories, modelled in meaningful latent recovery classes. These results may have clinical implications, such as adjusting patients' treatment based on change trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Alexander de Vos
- Centre for eHealth and well-being research, University of Twente, Psychology, Health, & Technology, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Human Concern, Centrum voor eetstoornissen, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Radstaak
- Centre for eHealth and well-being research, University of Twente, Psychology, Health, & Technology, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst T. Bohlmeijer
- Centre for eHealth and well-being research, University of Twente, Psychology, Health, & Technology, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Gerben J. Westerhof
- Centre for eHealth and well-being research, University of Twente, Psychology, Health, & Technology, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kenntemich L, von Hülsen L, Schäfer I, Böttche M, Lotzin A. Coping profiles and differences in well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis. Stress Health 2022; 39:460-473. [PMID: 36083785 PMCID: PMC9539043 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During the current COVID-19 pandemic, people need to cope with multiple stressors which may affect their well-being. This study aimed (1) to identify latent coping profiles in the German general population, and (2) to investigate differences between these profiles in well-being. In total, N = 2326 German participants were recruited as part of the European Society of Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS) ADJUST study from June to September 2020 using an online survey. Coping strategies were assessed using the Brief-COPE and the Pandemic Coping Scale; well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Coping profiles were identified using latent profile analysis; differences between profiles were examined using the automatic BCH method and multiple group analyses. Five coping profiles were identified that included different types and numbers of coping strategies: (1) High functional coping (17.84%), (2) Moderate functional coping (40.63%), (3) High functional and religious coping (9.07%), (4) Low functional coping (22.06%), (5) Moderate functional and dysfunctional coping (10.40%). The identified profiles significantly differed in well-being (χ2 = 503.68, p <0.001). Coping profiles indicating high functional coping were associated with greater well-being compared to coping profiles indicating low (χ2 = 82.21, p <0.001) or primarily dysfunctional (χ2 = 354.33, p <0.001) coping. These results provide insight into how people differ in their coping strategies when dealing with stressors in an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study indicates higher levels of well-being in coping profiles with more frequent use of functional strategies. To promote well-being in the general population, it might be beneficial to train functional coping strategies in appropriate interventions that are associated with increased well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kenntemich
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany,Department of PsychologyMSH Medical School HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Leonie von Hülsen
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Ingo Schäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Maria Böttche
- ForschungsabteilungZentrum ÜBERLEBENBerlinGermany,Division of Clinical Psychological InterventionFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Annett Lotzin
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany,Department of PsychologyMSH Medical School HamburgHamburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Blasco-Belled A. Character strengths and mental health as complex systems: a network analysis to identify bridge strengths. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe network approach poses an alternative focus to understand psychological constructs as emerging from mutual interactions among indicators. Network psychometrics has been applied to psychopathology to unravel the connections between symptoms, but it can also be applied to the study of well-being. The role of character strengths in mental health is at the forefront of research attention. Previous findings suggest that heart character strengths are more predictive of mental health than mind character strengths. Nevertheless, researchers have rarely applied the network approach in this context. The present study examines, from the network approach, the connections between heart and mind character strengths and mental health. Building upon the dual-factor model of mental health, positive (i.e., happiness and life satisfaction) and negative indicators (i.e., depression) were included in the assessment of this construct. A sample of 597 Spanish undergraduates (M = 23.52; SD = 5.25; 75.6% females) completed cross-sectional self-report measures. Network analysis was used to estimate a network composed of two communities: character strengths and mental health. We used centrality analysis to calculate the importance of each node and bridge centrality to examine the interactions between the communities. The results indicated that the heart strengths of love, zest, hope, and gratitude reported the highest bridge strength centrality, suggesting that they played an intermediary role activating and deactivating components of mental health. Adopting the network approach to explore the connections between character strengths and mental health can help design focused intervention strategies in psychology.
Collapse
|
25
|
Cost-utility of a web-based intervention to promote maternal mental health among postpartum women presenting low risk for postpartum depression. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2022; 38:e62. [PMID: 35861012 DOI: 10.1017/s0266462322000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Web-based interventions for the promotion of maternal mental health could represent a cost-effective strategy to reduce the burden associated with perinatal mental illness. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-utility of Be a Mom, a self-guided web-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention, compared with a waiting-list control. METHODS The economic evaluation alongside a randomized controlled trial was conducted from a societal perspective over a 14-month time frame. Postpartum women presenting low risk for postpartum depression were randomized to the intervention (n = 191) or control (n = 176) group and assessed at baseline, postintervention and 4 and 12 months after postintervention. Data regarding healthcare use, productive losses and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were collected and used to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Uncertainty was accounted for with nonparametric bootstrapping and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS At 14 months, and after accounting for a 3.5 percent discount rate, the intervention resulted in a yearly cost-saving of EUR 165.47 (-361.77, 28.51) and a QALY gain of 0.0064 (-0.0116, 0.0244). Bootstrapping results revealed a dominant ICER for the intervention group. Although results were statistically nonsignificant, cost-effectiveness acceptability curves showed that at a EUR 0 willingness to pay threshold, there is a 96 percent probability that the intervention is cost-effective when compared with the control group. The sensitivity analyses generally supported the acceptable likelihood of the intervention being more cost-effective than the control group. CONCLUSIONS From a societal perspective, the implementation of Be a Mom among low-risk postpartum women could be a cost-effective way to improve perinatal mental health.
Collapse
|
26
|
Nagae A, Asano K, Kotera Y. Moderating Effects of Striving to Avoid Inferiority on Income and Mental Health. Front Psychol 2022; 13:838991. [PMID: 35719576 PMCID: PMC9204202 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.838991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many people experience feelings of inferiority in their life. The concept of striving to avoid inferiority is a belief associated with the unwanted fear of being overlooked, missing out on opportunities for advancement, and active rejection. This study examined the effect of striving to avoid inferiority on mental health and well-being. We hypothesized that striving to avoid inferiority would modify the relationship among socioeconomic status, mental health, and well-being, therefore examined the effect of striving to avoid inferiority on the relationship between annual income, mental health, and well-being. The participants were 491 adults (241 men and 250 women). The results indicated that insecure striving (IS) in competition with others positively correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress, whereas secure non-striving (SNS) in acceptance of inferiority positively correlated with the satisfaction with life and negatively correlated with depression. The effect of striving to avoid inferiority on the relationship among annual income, mental health, and well-being indicated that SNS affected the relationships between annual income and well-being, annual income and depression, income and anxiety, and the interaction between IS and SNS. Moreover, the relationship between income and stress was influenced by SNS and the interaction between IS and SNS. These results indicated that SNS or the interaction between IS and SNS were the only variables regulating the relationship among annual income, mental health, and well-being. These findings suggested that accepting feelings of inferiority or striving to avoid inferiority influences the mental health and well-being of people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asa Nagae
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Asano
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychology, Mejiro University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kotera
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rottenberg J, Kashdan TB. Well-Being After Psychopathology: A Transformational Research Agenda. CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09637214221093616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
If one struggles with depression, anxiety, or suicidal impulses, what is the best outcome that one can hope for? Can psychopathology be a bridge to a better place where people operate with autonomy and self-mastery, enjoy healthy relationships, experience frequent positive emotions, and view life as meaningful and purposeful? Studies of national samples have revealed that a substantial number of people with depression, panic disorder, and suicidal impulses go on to achieve high levels of psychological well-being. We consider the practical and theoretical implications of these findings and call for a transformational mental-health agenda that focuses on good outcomes.
Collapse
|
28
|
Carona C, Xavier S, Canavarro MC, Fonseca A. Self-compassion and complete perinatal mental health in women at high risk for postpartum depression: The mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties. Psychol Psychother 2022; 95:561-574. [PMID: 35146891 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is evidence suggesting that self-compassion is linked to key mechanisms in emotion regulation models of depression and anxiety. However, the majority of prior research has targeted community samples and overlooked the analysis of such mechanisms in relation to positive mental health. This study sought to examine the direct and indirect effects, via emotion regulation difficulties, of self-compassion on the complete mental health outcomes of women at high risk for postpartum depression (PPD). DESIGN Cross-sectional, correlational study. METHODS The sample for this study comprised 1053 postpartum women presenting high risk for PPD, as determined by the clinical cut-off score obtained through the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised. The assessment protocol further included self-report measures of self-compassion, depression and anxiety symptoms, flourishing and emotion regulation difficulties. Correlation analyses were conducted to ascertain associations between variables, and path analysis was performed to examine direct and indirect effects. RESULTS Difficulties in emotion regulation mediated the links between self-compassion and negative (distress) and positive (flourishing) mental health outcomes. The overall mediation model explained 48% and 39% of variance for psychological distress and flourishing/positive mental health respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the applicability of an emotion regulation model of self-compassion to women identified as being at high risk of developing PPD. Self-compassion interventions directed at these women are likely to decrease their levels of emotion dysregulation and to improve their complete mental health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Carona
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Xavier
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Cristina Canavarro
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fonseca
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Radstaak M, Hüning L, Lamers S, Bohlmeijer ET. Examining well-being in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment: An explorative study. J Trauma Stress 2022; 35:914-925. [PMID: 35182442 PMCID: PMC9306808 DOI: 10.1002/jts.22798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the importance of well-being in mental health is widely acknowledged, well-being as a predictor of and outcome in the treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has received little attention. This naturalistic study aimed to investigate well-being in the context of care-as-usual treatment for PTSD. Patients with PTSD attending a community mental health center (N = 318) completed measures of well-being and PTSD symptoms before and after symptom-focused treatment. Following treatment, well-being increased among patients with PTSD, with emotional, d = -0.25, and psychological well-being, d = -0.24, showing the largest improvements relative to social well-being, d = -0.15. Although levels of well-being improved overall within the sample, participant scores on measures of well-being remained low compared with the general population. Well-being predicted treatment efficiency such that participants with more severe PTSD symptoms benefitted more from care-as-usual treatment when they reported relatively high levels of well-being at the start of treatment. The findings suggest a benefit to including well-being as a pretreatment and outcome variable when evaluating PTSD treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Radstaak
- Department of PsychologyHealth and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedethe Netherlands
| | - Laura Hüning
- Mediant, Community Mental Health CenterEnschedethe Netherlands
| | | | - Ernst T. Bohlmeijer
- Department of PsychologyHealth and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedethe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Toth C, King Johnson ML, Heinzerling A, Trapp N. Response to TMS treatment for depression associated with higher levels of psychological well-being. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 150:142-146. [PMID: 35378486 PMCID: PMC9673128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is a complex condition associated with a great deal of disability and suffering. The relationship between TRD and psychological well-being (PWB) appears to be more complex than a simple antithesis. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a well-tolerated treatment for TRD. However successful, a drawback for TMS is that it has a lack of predictive biomarkers for treatment response. Our study focuses on the relationship between PWB and treatment resistant depression, and how PWB relates to TMS treatment response. We hypothesized that TMS treatment responders would have higher levels of PWB at baseline. In this study of 21 patients with TRD, we used the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). We found a significant relationship between environmental mastery, purpose in life, self-acceptance, and total PWB with baseline depression but no significant correlation between autonomy, personal growth, and positive relations with others and baseline PHQ-9 scores. No Ryff domain of PWB significantly predicted change in PHQ-9 score. Interestingly, however, we found that TMS responders had higher levels of autonomy (M(SD) = 62.10(10.46), p = 0.022) and personal growth (M(SD) = 65.00(11.04), p = 0.007) than non-responders at baseline. These specific aspects of well-being appear to be distinct from depression and particularly important in treatment response. This discovery suggests that assessing PWB might prove clinically useful when assessing future candidates for TMS treatment of TRD. Further research is necessary to evaluate the effects of TMS on PWB since these may be distinct from its effect on depression symptomology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Toth
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, G60 Psychological and Brain Sciences Building, 340 Iowa Avenue, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA.
| | - Marcie L King Johnson
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, G60 Psychological and Brain Sciences Building, 340 Iowa Avenue, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
| | - Amanda Heinzerling
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Psychiatry, 200 Hawkins Drive, T223 General Hospital, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nicholas Trapp
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Psychiatry, 200 Hawkins Drive, T223 General Hospital, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chang S, Sambasivam R, Seow E, Subramaniam M, Ashok Assudani H, Tan GCY, Lu SH, Vaingankar JA. Positive mental health in psychotherapy: a qualitative study from psychotherapists' perspectives. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:111. [PMID: 35488353 PMCID: PMC9055746 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence in the literature on the use of positive mental health (PMH) interventions among clinical samples. This qualitative study aims to explore the definitions of PMH from psychotherapists' perspectives, and to examine views and attitudes related to the construct. METHODS Focus group discussions were conducted with psychotherapists at a tertiary psychiatric institute. Focus group sessions were transcribed verbatim and transcripts were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. RESULTS Five themes related to psychotherapists' definition of PMH were identified: (1) acceptance; (2) normal functioning and thriving in life; (3) resilience; (4) positive overall evaluation of life; (5) absence of negative emotions and presence of positive emotion states. Themes related to views and attitudes towards PMH were: (1) novel and valuable for psychotherapy; (2) reservations with terminology; (3) factors influencing PMH. CONCLUSION PMH in psychotherapy is a multidimensional concept that means more than symptom management and distress reduction in clients. There is potential value for its application in psychotherapy practice, though some concerns need to be addressed before it can be well integrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Esmond Seow
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Geoffrey Chern-Yee Tan
- Department of Mood and Anxiety, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharon Huixian Lu
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tejada-Gallardo C, Blasco-Belled A, Alsinet C. Changes in the network structure of mental health after a multicomponent positive psychology intervention in adolescents: A moderated network analysis. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2022; 14:987-1003. [PMID: 35466595 PMCID: PMC9545719 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of multicomponent positive psychology interventions (MPPIs) on adolescents' mental health has been studied with the use of standard procedures throughout the scientific literature. However, little is known about the potential mechanisms underlying the network structure of mental health following the dual‐factor model after an MPPI. We relied on network analysis to explore the reorganization of the connections between mental health indicators after a school‐based MPPI. Adolescents from two high schools in Spain were randomly allocated to the 6‐week intervention group (n = 85) or to the control group (n = 135). Network analysis showed that the relations between the two differentiated network dimensions of mental health (i.e. well‐being and psychological distress) changed after the intervention. Unlike control participants, emotional well‐being was negatively associated with depression and stress, while psychological well‐being was positively related to stress after the intervention. The present study supports the viability of the network approach in analyzing the connections between mental health indicators as defined by the dual‐factor model and the contribution of MPPIs to change the complex pattern of relations between the dimensions of well‐being and psychological distress.
Collapse
|
33
|
Brailovskaia J, Truskauskaite-Kuneviciene I, Kazlauskas E, Gelezelyte O, Teismann T, Margraf J. Physical activity, mental and physical health during the Covid-19 outbreak: longitudinal predictors of suicide ideation in Germany. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 31:1-11. [PMID: 35369671 PMCID: PMC8956329 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim Suicide ideation has increased since the outbreak of Covid-19 in many countries. The present longitudinal study investigated potential predictors of suicide ideation. Subject and methods Data of 406 participants from Germany (age M = 27.69, SD = 6.88) were assessed via online surveys in spring 2020 (baseline, BL) and in spring 2021 (follow-up, FU). Results The current results reveal a significant increase in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress between 2020 and 2021. Positive mental health (PMH), sense of control, and physical health significantly decreased. Depression symptoms (BL), PMH (BL), and consciously enhanced physical activity since the pandemic outbreak (FU) significantly predicted 12-month suicide ideation (FU). In a moderated mediation analysis, the positive relationship between depression and suicide ideation was significantly mediated by PMH. Consciously enhanced physical activity significantly moderated the negative association between PMH and suicide ideation. Conclusion The context of Covid-19 could negatively impact mental health and physical health. This might increase the risk for suicide ideation. However, PMH and physical activity might serve as protective factors. The protective effect of physical activity could be especially important in people with high depression symptoms and low PMH, such as clinical patients. Potential ways of how PMH and physical activity could be enhanced in the Covid-19 context to prevent suicide ideation are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Evaldas Kazlauskas
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Odeta Gelezelyte
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Schürmann-Vengels J, Teismann T, Margraf J, Willutzki U. Patients' self-perceived strengths increase during treatment and predict outcome in outpatient cognitive behavioral therapy. J Clin Psychol 2022; 78:2427-2445. [PMID: 35334118 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Modern conceptualizations suggest the independence of positive and negative mental health constructs. Research of positive constructs in psychotherapy is scarce. This study analyzed the development of patients' strengths during psychotherapy and whether pre-therapy strengths incrementally predict treatment outcome. METHODS Two hundred and two patients (56.44% female, mean age = 42.49) treated by 54 therapists underwent cognitive behavioral therapy. Patients' strengths in different contexts as well as psychopathology, interpersonal problems, and self-esteem were assessed at the beginning and end of therapy. RESULTS Strengths increased in the contexts of everyday life (EvdayS; d = 0.44, p < 0.001) and current problems (ProbS; d = 0.70, p < 0.001). Strengths in the context of previous crises that were managed successfully (CrisesS) did not change. However, baseline scores of CrisesS were a significant incremental predictor of all outcomes. CONCLUSION A differentiated assessment of positive constructs is useful for outcome prediction and the implementation of strength-based interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schürmann-Vengels
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrike Willutzki
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kraiss JT, Kohlhoff M, ten Klooster PM. Disentangling between- and within-person associations of psychological distress and mental well-being: An experience sampling study examining the dual continua model of mental health among university students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 35250243 PMCID: PMC8885315 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The dual continua model assumes that psychological distress and mental well-being are two related, yet distinct dimensions of mental health. Previous studies did convincingly show the distinctiveness of these two dimensions using mainly cross-sectional research. Despite the importance to distinguish between- and within-person associations in psychological theories, to date, no study specifically distinguished between- and within-person associations for the relationship between distress and well-being. Therefore, the objective of this study was to validate whether the dual continua model actually holds when examined within individuals. Intensive longitudinal data were collected through experience sampling. The sample included 25 university students (mean age = 23.50 years, 56% female), who completed a baseline questionnaire as well as momentary measures of psychological distress and mental well-being three times per day for two weeks. 1,014 timepoints were analyzed using multilevel models and person-mean centering was applied to distinguish between- and within person associations. A significant moderate negative between-person association was found for the relationship between psychological distress and mental well-being (β = -.363, marginal R 2 = 0.15, p < .001). The within-person association was also significant and similar in magnitude (β = -.432, marginal R 2 = 0.18, p < .001) at the group level. Individual within-person associations between distress and well-being varied substantially, but were negative for almost all participants. This study is an important step towards validating the applicability and universality of this widely used model. The current findings provide preliminary evidence that the dual continua model does not only hold between people, but also on the level it is actually used for, namely within individual people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannis T. Kraiss
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, Centre for eHealth and Well-being Research, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Martje Kohlhoff
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, Centre for eHealth and Well-being Research, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M. ten Klooster
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, Centre for eHealth and Well-being Research, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Crabtree SA, Captari LE, Hall EL, Sandage SJ, Jankowski PJ. Mental health symptoms, well‐being and experiences of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed‐methods practice‐based study. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Crabtree
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Laura E. Captari
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Eugene L. Hall
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Steven J. Sandage
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- School of Theology Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- MF Norwegian School of Theology Oslo Norway
| | - Peter J. Jankowski
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Bethel Seminary Arden Hills Minnesota USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang Q, Lu J, Quan P. Application of the dual-factor model of mental health among Chinese new generation of migrant workers. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:188. [PMID: 34847959 PMCID: PMC8630867 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional models of mental health focus on psychopathological symptoms. In contrast, the dual-factor model of mental health integrates positive mental health and psychopathology into a mental health continuum, which is an adaptation and complement to the traditional mental health research paradigm. The new generation of migrant workers is an important part of current Chinese society. Their identity has created a sense of loneliness, rootlessness, and alienation. This paper validates the applicability of the dual-factor model of mental health among new generation migrant workers in China. Methods In this study, 600 new generation migrant workers were recruited and tested on the symptom checklist 90, satisfaction with life scale, perceived stress scale, employee engagement inventory. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were performed, the differences between the unidimensional model and dual-factor model were also tested. Results The results showed that the dual-factor model of the mental health approach had better construct validity than the unidimensional model. And four subgroups could be significantly discriminated by the dual-factor model: mentally healthy (58.45%), vulnerable (30.87%), symptomatic but content (3.11%), and troubled (7.57%). Compared to the other three groups, workers who were mentally healthy showed higher perceived work values and lower perceived work stress. Conclusions The study suggests that a dual-factor model of mental health can be applied to new generation migrant workers in China, with positive mental health and psychopathology being important predictors of mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingji Zhang
- School of Marxism, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jinglin Lu
- Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory for Quality of Life and Psychological Assessment and Intervention, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Peng Quan
- Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory for Quality of Life and Psychological Assessment and Intervention, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tomlinson J, Sandage SJ, Jankowski PJ, Captari LE. Religious diversity and well-being in positive psychology: implications for clinical practice. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2021.2001312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James Tomlinson
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven J. Sandage
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology of Religion, Mf Norwegian School of Theology, Religion, and Society, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter J. Jankowski
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Bethel University, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Laura E. Captari
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bohlmeijer E, Westerhof G. The Model for Sustainable Mental Health: Future Directions for Integrating Positive Psychology Into Mental Health Care. Front Psychol 2021; 12:747999. [PMID: 34744925 PMCID: PMC8566941 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.747999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This position paper proposes a model for systematic integration of positive psychology interventions (PPIs) in mental healthcare. On the one hand, PPIs can contribute to the decrease of dysfunctional processes underlying mental illness. This evidence is at the core of the new domains of positive clinical psychology and positive psychiatry. On the other hand, a growing number of studies demonstrate that mental health is not merely the absence of mental illness. Mental wellbeing represents a related but separate dimension of mental health. Mental wellbeing reduces the risk of future incidence of mental illness and is highly valued by people receiving psychological treatment as an important aspect of personal and complete recovery and personal growth. This makes mental wellbeing a vital outcome of mental healthcare. PPIs can directly increase mental wellbeing. The model of sustainable mental health is presented integrating the science of positive psychology and mental wellbeing into mental healthcare. This heuristic model can guide both practitioners and researchers in developing, implementing, and evaluating a more balanced, both complaint- and strength-oriented, treatment approach. The role of gratitude interventions is discussed as an example of applying the model. Also, three potential modalities for implementing PPIs as positive psychotherapy in treatment are as: positive psychotherapy as primary treatment, as combinatorial treatment, and as intervention for personal recovery of people with severe or persistent mental disorder. Finally, we argue that longitudinal studies are needed to substantiate the model and the processes involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernst Bohlmeijer
- University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Center for eHealth and well-being, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Gerben Westerhof
- University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Center for eHealth and well-being, Enschede, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Naghavi A, Teismann T, Asgari Z, Eizadifard R, Brailovskaia J. Validation of the Persian version of the Positive Mental Health Scale. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:472. [PMID: 34579691 PMCID: PMC8474728 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive mental health (PMH) is a factor of far-reaching salutogenetic importance. The present study aimed at validating the Persian version of the Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH-Scale). METHODS Reliability and validity of the Persian version of the PMH-Scale were established in an Iranian student sample (N = 573). Internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity were investigated, and exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Furthermore, it was assessed how PMH scores moderate the association between depressive symptoms and suicide ideation/behavior. RESULTS The Persian version of the PMH-Scale was shown to have a unidimensional structure with excellent internal consistency, as well as good convergent and divergent validity. PMH differentiated between participants with higher vs. lower suicide risk. Furthermore, PMH proved to moderate the association between depressive symptoms and suicide ideation/behavior. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the PMH-Scale is a brief, reliable, and valid measure of subjective and psychological well-being that can be used in Iranian student samples and research settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Naghavi
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Azadi Sq, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstrasse 9-13, 44787, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zahra Asgari
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Azadi Sq, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran
| | - Razieh Eizadifard
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstrasse 9-13, 44787, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstrasse 9-13, 44787, Bochum, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jankowski PJ, Hall E, Crabtree SA, Sandage SJ, Bronstein M, Sandage D. Risk, Symptoms, and Well‐Being: Emerging Adult Latent Profiles During Treatment. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Jankowski
- Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University, and Counseling Program, Bethel University
| | - Eugene Hall
- Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
van Agteren J, Ali K, Fassnacht DB, Iasiello M, Furber G, Howard A, Woodyatt L, Musker M, Kyrios M. Testing the Differential Impact of an Internet-Based Mental Health Intervention on Outcomes of Well-being and Psychological Distress During COVID-19: Uncontrolled Intervention Study. JMIR Ment Health 2021; 8:e28044. [PMID: 34357876 PMCID: PMC8448081 DOI: 10.2196/28044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During COVID-19, the psychological distress and well-being of the general population has been precarious, increasing the need to determine the impact of complementary internet-based psychological interventions on both positive mental health as well as distress states. Psychological distress and mental well-being represent distinct dimensions of our mental health, and congruent changes in outcomes of distress and well-being do not necessarily co-occur within individuals. When testing intervention impact, it is therefore important to assess change in both outcomes at the individual level, rather than solely testing group differences in average scores at the group level. OBJECTIVE This study set out to investigate the differential impact of an internet-based group mental health intervention on outcomes of positive mental health (ie, well-being, life satisfaction, resilience) and indicators of psychological distress (ie, depression, anxiety, stress). METHODS A 5-week mental health intervention was delivered to 89 participants using the Zoom platform during 2020. Impact on outcomes of distress, well-being, and resilience was assessed at the start and end of the program with multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) and reliable change indices (RCIs) being used to determine program impact at the group and individual levels, respectively. RESULTS The intervention significantly improved all mental health outcomes measured, (F6,83=5.60, P<.001; Wilks Λ=.71; partial η2=.29) showing small to moderate effect sizes on individual outcomes. The largest effect sizes were observed for life satisfaction and overall well-being (η2=.22 and η2=.2, respectively). Larger effect sizes were noted for those with problematic mental health scores at baseline. A total of 92% (82/89) of participants demonstrated reliable change in at least one mental health outcome. Differential response patterns using RCI revealed that more than one-half of the participants showed improvement in both mental well-being and psychological distress, over one-quarter in outcomes of well-being only, and almost one-fifth in distress only. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence for the significant impact of an internet-based mental health intervention during COVID-19 and indicate the importance of assessing dimensions of both well-being and distress when determining mental health intervention effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joep van Agteren
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Órama Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kathina Ali
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Órama Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniel B Fassnacht
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Órama Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew Iasiello
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Órama Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gareth Furber
- Health Counselling & Disability Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alexis Howard
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lydia Woodyatt
- Órama Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael Musker
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Adelaide Nursing School, Adelaide University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mike Kyrios
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Órama Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
de Vos JA, Radstaak M, Bohlmeijer ET, Westerhof GJ. The psychometric network structure of mental health in eating disorder patients. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2021; 29:559-574. [PMID: 33949742 PMCID: PMC8252750 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychometric network analysis has led to new possibilities to assess the structure and dynamics of psychiatric disorders. The current study focuses on mental health networks in patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and other specified eating disorders (EDs). METHOD Network analyses were applied with five mental health domains (emotional, psychological and social well-being, and general and specific psychopathology) among 905 ED patients. Also, networks of 36 underlying symptoms related to the domains were estimated. The network stability, structure and (bridge) centrality of the nodes were assessed for the total group and each ED type. Network differences between the ED types were also examined. RESULTS ED psychopathology was only weakly connected with the well-being domains. Psychological well-being was the most central node in the domain network. The most central nodes in the symptom network were feeling depressed, feeling worthless, purpose in life and self-acceptance. Bridge symptoms between well-being and psychopathology were self-acceptance, environmental mastery, interested in life and feeling depressed. There were no network differences between the ED types in both the domain and symptom networks. CONCLUSIONS This study shows novel associations between well-being and psychopathology in ED patients. Central domains and their underlying symptoms may be especially important to consider in treatment for promoting mental health in ED patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Alexander de Vos
- Department of Psychology, Health and TechnologyCentre for eHealth and Wellbeing ResearchUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
- Stichting Human ConcernCentrum voor eetstoornissenAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Radstaak
- Department of Psychology, Health and TechnologyCentre for eHealth and Wellbeing ResearchUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Ernst T. Bohlmeijer
- Department of Psychology, Health and TechnologyCentre for eHealth and Wellbeing ResearchUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Gerben J. Westerhof
- Department of Psychology, Health and TechnologyCentre for eHealth and Wellbeing ResearchUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to improve mental wellbeing. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:631-652. [PMID: 33875837 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01093-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our current understanding of the efficacy of psychological interventions in improving mental states of wellbeing is incomplete. This study aimed to overcome limitations of previous reviews by examining the efficacy of distinct types of psychological interventions, irrespective of their theoretical underpinning, and the impact of various moderators, in a unified systematic review and meta-analysis. Four-hundred-and-nineteen randomized controlled trials from clinical and non-clinical populations (n = 53,288) were identified for inclusion. Mindfulness-based and multi-component positive psychological interventions demonstrated the greatest efficacy in both clinical and non-clinical populations. Meta-analyses also found that singular positive psychological interventions, cognitive and behavioural therapy-based, acceptance and commitment therapy-based, and reminiscence interventions were impactful. Effect sizes were moderate at best, but differed according to target population and moderator, most notably intervention intensity. The evidence quality was generally low to moderate. While the evidence requires further advancement, the review provides insight into how psychological interventions can be designed to improve mental wellbeing.
Collapse
|
45
|
Chakhssi F, Zoet JM, Oostendorp JM, Noordzij ML, Sommers-Spijkerman M. Effect of Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder on Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pers Disord 2021; 35:255-269. [PMID: 31609187 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2019_33_439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Whereas several meta-analyses have shown that psychotherapy is effective for reducing borderline personality disorder (BPD) pathology, the overall impact of psychotherapy for BPD on quality of life (QoL) remains as yet unclear. Because impaired QoL is associated with poor long-term outcomes after therapy for BPD, this seems a timely and relevant issue. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of psychotherapies for adults diagnosed with BPD that reported results of QoL at posttreatment. Fourteen trials were included (1,370 individuals with BPD). Psychotherapies for BPD relative to control conditions showed significant effect sizes for QoL (Cohen's d = 0.31; 95% CI [0.18, 0.44]), and for BPD pathology (d = 0.43; 95% CI [0.23, 0.64]). The effect on QoL was not significantly moderated by the effect on BPD pathology. Psychotherapies for BPD have a positive effect on QoL of patients with BPD. However, more studies are needed to examine the impact of psychotherapy on QoL and long-term outcome, including recovery.
Collapse
|
46
|
Agteren J, Iasiello M. Advancing our understanding of mental wellbeing and mental health: The call to embrace complexity over simplification. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joep Agteren
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
| | - Matthew Iasiello
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
- College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jankowski PJ, Captari LE, Sandage SJ. Exploring virtue ethics in psychodynamic psychotherapy: latent changes in humility, affect regulation, symptoms and well‐being. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Jankowski
- Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston MassachusettsUSA
- Bethel University St. Paul MinnesotaUSA
| | - Laura E. Captari
- Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston MassachusettsUSA
| | - Steven J. Sandage
- Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston MassachusettsUSA
- Department of Psychology of Religion MF Norwegian School of Theology, Religion, and Society Oslo Norway
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Monteiro F, Fonseca A, Pereira M, Canavarro MC. Is positive mental health and the absence of mental illness the same? Factors associated with flourishing and the absence of depressive symptoms in postpartum women. J Clin Psychol 2020; 77:629-645. [PMID: 33098665 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exploring a wide range of factors associated with flourishing and with the absence of depressive symptoms among postpartum women. METHODS A sample of 661 postpartum women completed a set of questionnaires assessing sociodemographic and infant-related data, flourishing, psychological flexibility, self-compassion, resilience, and maternal confidence. RESULTS Younger infant age, higher levels of maternal confidence, and resilience increased the likelihood of flourishing. In turn, higher income, fewer problems with an infant's sleep, perceiving an infant's temperament as easy, and higher psychological flexibility increased the likelihood of not having depressive symptoms. Appraising the support received by others as good and having higher self-compassion increased the likelihood of both outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our results support positive mental health and mental illness being related but distinct dimensions. Promoting positive mental health in the postpartum period should be an additional goal in public health care as it may efficiently complement the prevention of psychopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Monteiro
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fonseca
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marco Pereira
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria C Canavarro
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Monteiro F, Pereira M, Canavarro MC, Fonseca A. Be a Mom's Efficacy in Enhancing Positive Mental Health among Postpartum Women Presenting Low Risk for Postpartum Depression: Results from a Pilot Randomized Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134679. [PMID: 32610640 PMCID: PMC7370106 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted a preliminary investigation of the efficacy of Be a Mom, a web-based self-guided intervention, in enhancing positive mental health among postpartum women at low risk for postpartum depression. Additionally, we examined Be a Mom’s efficacy regarding secondary outcomes as well as its acceptability and adherence. A total of 367 participants were randomly assigned to the Be a Mom group (n = 191) or to the waiting-list control group (n = 176) and completed baseline (T1) and postintervention (T2) assessments. The intervention group reported significant increases in positive mental health between T1 and T2 compared to the control group. Additionally, group effects were found for depressive and anxiety symptoms. A significantly higher proportion of participants in the Be a Mom group had an improvement trajectory (from not flourishing at T1 to flourishing at T2). A total of 62 (32.5%) women completed Be a Mom, and most would use it again if needed (n = 82/113; 72.6%). This study provides preliminary evidence of Be a Mom’s efficacy in increasing positive mental health among low-risk postpartum women. Our findings support mental health promotion strategies in the postpartum period and highlight the important role of web-based CBT interventions.
Collapse
|
50
|
Vaingankar JA, Chong SA, Abdin E, Siva Kumar FD, Chua BY, Sambasivam R, Shafie S, Jeyagurunathan A, Seow E, Subramaniam M. Understanding the relationships between mental disorders, self-reported health outcomes and positive mental health: findings from a national survey. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:55. [PMID: 32131837 PMCID: PMC7057535 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between mental illness and mental health is gaining focus in research and practice. This study aimed to investigate the association of mental disorders with positive mental health (PMH), overall health and quality of life. In addition, the role of PMH in mediating the relationships between mental disorders and health outcomes was assessed. METHODS The study sample comprised 2270 residents aged 18 years and above who participated in a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey estimating the lifetime prevalence of mood, anxiety and alcohol use disorders, and health outcomes (self-reported overall health, quality of life and PMH) in Singapore. The Positive Mental Health Instrument was used to estimate the level of Total PMH among the respondents with and without mental disorders. Associations between mental disorders and health outcomes were assessed through regression models. Path analyses were conducted to investigate mediating role of PMH. RESULTS Total PMH (Mean ± SD) was significantly lower among individuals having any of the studied lifetime mental disorders (4.23 ± 0.64 versus 4.50 ± 0.67 among those without these disorders). Although having a mood or anxiety disorder was associated with significantly lower Total PMH even after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, similar relationship was not observed for alcohol use disorders. History of any mental disorders was also associated with lower overall health and quality of life. Total PMH mediated the relationships between mental disorders and overall health and quality of life by reducing the effect sizes for the associations between mental disorders and these health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Mental disorders were associated with poor health outcomes in affected individuals. This study showed that PMH can mediate the relationships between mental disorders and health outcomes, and act as an underlying mechanism to improve overall health and quality of life in individuals with mental disorders. Findings thus highlight the significance of incorporating mental health promotion and interventions in clinical populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi Siva Kumar
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Boon Yiang Chua
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Rajeswari Sambasivam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Saleha Shafie
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Anitha Jeyagurunathan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Esmond Seow
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|