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Omotoye S, Singleton MJ, Zagrodzky J, Clark B, Sharma D, Metzl MD, Gallagher MM, Meininghaus DG, Leung L, Garg J, Warrier N, Panico A, Tamirisa K, Sanchez J, Mickelsen S, Sardana M, Shah D, Athill C, Hayat J, Silva R, Clark AT, Gray M, Levi B, Kulstad E, Girouard S, Zagrodzky W, Montoya MM, Bustamante TG, Berjano E, González-Suárez A, Daniels J. Mechanisms of action behind the protective effects of proactive esophageal cooling during radiofrequency catheter ablation in the left atrium. Heart Rhythm O2 2024; 5:403-416. [PMID: 38984358 PMCID: PMC11228283 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Proactive esophageal cooling for the purpose of reducing the likelihood of ablation-related esophageal injury resulting from radiofrequency (RF) cardiac ablation procedures is increasingly being used and has been Food and Drug Administration cleared as a protective strategy during left atrial RF ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. In this review, we examine the evidence supporting the use of proactive esophageal cooling and the potential mechanisms of action that reduce the likelihood of atrioesophageal fistula (AEF) formation. Although the pathophysiology behind AEF formation after thermal injury from RF ablation is not well studied, a robust literature on fistula formation in other conditions (eg, Crohn disease, cancer, and trauma) exists and the relationship to AEF formation is investigated in this review. Likewise, we examine the abundant data in the surgical literature on burn and thermal injury progression as well as the acute and chronic mitigating effects of cooling. We discuss the relationship of these data and maladaptive healing mechanisms to the well-recognized postablation pathophysiological effects after RF ablation. Finally, we review additional important considerations such as patient selection, clinical workflow, and implementation strategies for proactive esophageal cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason Zagrodzky
- St. David’s Medical Center, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, Texas
| | | | | | - Mark D. Metzl
- NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Mark M. Gallagher
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lisa Leung
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jalaj Garg
- Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California
| | - Nikhil Warrier
- MemorialCare Heart & Vascular Institute, Fountain Valley, California
| | | | - Kamala Tamirisa
- Cardiac Electrophysiology, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Dallas, Texas
| | - Javier Sanchez
- Cardiac Electrophysiology, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | - Dipak Shah
- Ascension Providence Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Jamal Hayat
- Department of Gastroenterology, St George’s University Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rogelio Silva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Advocate Aurora Christ Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Audra T. Clark
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Benjamin Levi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Erik Kulstad
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | - Enrique Berjano
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana González-Suárez
- Translational Medical Device Lab, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - James Daniels
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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2
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Fei X, Zhu M, Li X. Characterization of Cell Type Abundance and Gene Expression Timeline from Burned Skin Bulk Transcriptomics by Deconvolution. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:205-215. [PMID: 37956340 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irad178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, no timeline of cell heterogeneity in thermally injured skin has been reported. In this study, we proposed an approach to deconvoluting cell type abundance and expression from skin bulk transcriptomics with cell type signature matrix constructed by combining independent normal skin and peripheral blood scRNA-seq datasets. Using CIBERSORTx group mode deconvolution, we identified perturbed cell type fractions and cell type-specific gene expression in three stages postthermal injury. We found an increase in cell proportions and cell type-specific gene expression perturbation of neutrophils, macrophages, and endothelial cells and a decrease in CD4+ T cells, keratinocytes, melanocyte, and fibroblast cells, and cell type-specific gene expression perturbation postburn injury. Keratinocyte, fibroblast, and macrophage up regulated genes were dynamically enriched in overlapping and distinct Gene Ontology biological processes including acute phase response, leukocyte migration, metabolic, morphogenesis, and development process. Down-regulated genes were enriched in Wnt signaling, mesenchymal cell differentiation, gland and axon development, epidermal morphogenesis, and fatty acid and glucose metabolic process. We noticed an increase in the expression of CCL7, CCL2, CCL20, CCR1, CCR5, CCXL8, CXCL2, CXCL3, MMP1, MMP8, MMP3, IL24, IL6, IL1B, IL18R1, and TGFBR1 and a decrease in expression of CCL27, CCR10, CCR6, CCR8, CXCL9, IL37, IL17, IL7, IL11R, IL17R, TGFBR3, FGFR1-4, and IGFR1 in keratinocytes and/or fibroblasts. The inferred timeline of wound healing and CC and CXC genes in keratinocyte was validated on independent dataset GSE174661 of purified keratinocytes. The timeline of different cell types postburn may facilitate therapeutic timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Fei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
- Oncology Translational Medicine Research Center, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
- Oncology Translational Medicine Research Center, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
- School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Tongling University, Tongling, Anhui 244061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueling Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
- Oncology Translational Medicine Research Center, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
- School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Tongling University, Tongling, Anhui 244061, People's Republic of China
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3
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Jiang H, Dou Z, Chen G, Zhang G, Du W. Insignificant Difference in Early Post-injury Gene Expression Between Patients with Burns Only and Those with Inhalation Injury: A Bioinformatics Analysis. J Burn Care Res 2023; 44:1509-1518. [PMID: 37306053 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Airway obstruction is fatal but common among burn patients in the early period after inhalation injury, during which most tracheotomies are performed within 48 h post-injury. Inflammation is common in laryngoscopy; however, the related gene expression has rarely been studied. In this study, we obtained the data of healthy control and patient samples collected within 8-48 hours post-injury from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and classified them into 10 inhalation-injury patients, 6 burn-only, and 10 healthy controls. Differential gene expression was identified between the patient groups; however, principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicated a similarity between groups. Furthermore, enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and gene set enrichment analyses showed no significant differences in immune regulation and cell adjustment between the patient groups; but differences were shown when comparing either patient group to the healthy control group, including prominent regulation in inflammatory cells, infection, and cell adjustment. Thus, the gene expression in inhalation injury and burn-only patients does not significantly differ in the early period after injury, especially in inflammation, indicating the absence of specific diagnostic markers or anti-inflammatory treatment in inhalation injury patients, with the potential to identify more subtle differences. Further research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihao Jiang
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing City, PR China
| | - Zhe Dou
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing City, PR China
- Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing City, PR China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing City, PR China
- Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing City, PR China
| | - Weili Du
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing City, PR China
- Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing City, PR China
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4
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Zlobina K, Malekos E, Chen H, Gomez M. Robust classification of wound healing stages in both mice and humans for acute and burn wounds based on transcriptomic data. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:166. [PMID: 37098473 PMCID: PMC10127407 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing involves careful coordination among various cell types carrying out unique or even multifaceted functions. The abstraction of this complex dynamic process into four primary wound stages is essential to the study of wound care for timing treatment and tracking wound progression. For example, a treatment that may promote healing in the inflammatory stage may prove detrimental in the proliferative stage. Additionally, the time scale of individual responses varies widely across and within the same species. Therefore, a robust method to assess wound stages can help advance translational work from animals to humans. RESULTS In this work, we present a data-driven model that robustly identifies the dominant wound healing stage using transcriptomic data from biopsies gathered from mouse and human wounds, both burn and surgical. A training dataset composed of publicly available transcriptomic arrays is used to derive 58 shared genes that are commonly differentially expressed. They are divided into 5 clusters based on temporal gene expression dynamics. The clusters represent a 5-dimensional parametric space containing the wound healing trajectory. We then create a mathematical classification algorithm in the 5-dimensional space and demonstrate that it can distinguish between the four stages of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. CONCLUSIONS In this work, we present an algorithm for wound stage detection based on gene expression. This work suggests that there are universal characteristics of gene expression in wound healing stages despite the seeming disparities across species and wounds. Our algorithm performs well for human and mouse wounds of both burn and surgical types. The algorithm has the potential to serve as a diagnostic tool that can advance precision wound care by providing a way of tracking wound healing progression with more accuracy and finer temporal resolution compared to visual indicators. This increases the potential for preventive action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Han Chen
- University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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5
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Ågren MS, Litman T, Eriksen JO, Schjerling P, Bzorek M, Gjerdrum LMR. Gene Expression Linked to Reepithelialization of Human Skin Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415746. [PMID: 36555389 PMCID: PMC9779194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the regulatory processes of reepithelialization during wound healing is incomplete. In an attempt to map the genes involved in epidermal regeneration and differentiation, we measured gene expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded standardized epidermal wounds induced by the suction-blister technique with associated nonwounded skin using NanoString technology. The transcripts of 139 selected genes involved in clotting, immune response to tissue injury, signaling pathways, cell adhesion and proliferation, extracellular matrix remodeling, zinc transport and keratinocyte differentiation were evaluated. We identified 22 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in descending order of fold change (MMP1, MMP3, IL6, CXCL8, SERPINE1, IL1B, PTGS2, HBEGF, CXCL5, CXCL2, TIMP1, CYR61, CXCL1, MMP12, MMP9, HGF, CTGF, ITGB3, MT2A, FGF7, COL4A1 and PLAUR). The expression of the most upregulated gene, MMP1, correlated strongly with MMP3 followed by IL6 and IL1B. rhIL-1β, but not rhIL-6, exposure of cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts increased both MMP1 mRNA and MMP-1 protein levels, as well as TIMP1 mRNA levels. The increased TIMP1 in wounds was validated by immunohistochemistry. The six downregulated DEGs (COL7A1, MMP28, SLC39A2, FLG1, KRT10 and FLG2) were associated with epidermal maturation. KLK8 showed the strongest correlation with MKI67 mRNA levels and is a potential biomarker for keratinocyte proliferation. The observed gene expression changes correlate well with the current knowledge of physiological reepithelialization. Thus, the gene expression panel described in this paper could be used in patients with impaired healing to identify possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus S. Ågren
- Department of Dermatology and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas Litman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Ole Eriksen
- Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Peter Schjerling
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital—Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Bzorek
- Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lise Mette Rahbek Gjerdrum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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6
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Radzieta M, Peters TJ, Dickson HG, Cowin AJ, Lavery LA, Schwarzer S, Roberts T, Jensen SO, Malone M. A metatranscriptomic approach to explore longitudinal tissue specimens from non-healing diabetes related foot ulcers. APMIS 2022; 130:383-396. [PMID: 35394091 PMCID: PMC9320801 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular mechanisms and/or microbiological interactions which contribute to chronic diabetes related foot ulcers (DRFUs) were explored using serially collected tissue specimens from chronic DRFUs and control healthy foot skin. Total RNA was isolated for next-generation sequencing. We found differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched hallmark gene ontology biological processes upregulated in chronic DRFUs which primarily functioned in the host immune response including: (i) Inflammatory response; (ii) TNF signalling via NFKB; (iii) IL6 JAK-STAT3 signalling; (iv) IL2 STAT5 signalling and (v) Reactive oxygen species. A temporal analysis identified RN7SL1 signal recognition protein and IGHG4 immunoglobulin protein coding genes as being the most upregulated genes after the onset of treatment. Testing relative temporal changes between healing and non-healing DRFUs identified progressive upregulation in healed wounds of CXCR5 and MS4A1 (CD20), both canonical markers of lymphocytes (follicular B cells/follicular T helper cells and B cells, respectively). Collectively, our RNA-seq data provides insights into chronic DRFU pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Radzieta
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South Western Sydney LHD, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy J Peters
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hugh G Dickson
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South Western Sydney LHD, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Allison J Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lawrence A Lavery
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Saskia Schwarzer
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South Western Sydney LHD, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tara Roberts
- Oncology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Slade O Jensen
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South Western Sydney LHD, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew Malone
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South Western Sydney LHD, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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7
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Wen JJ, Mobli K, Radhakrishnan GL, Radhakrishnan RS. Regulation of Key Immune-Related Genes in the Heart Following Burn Injury. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12061007. [PMID: 35743792 PMCID: PMC9224557 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12061007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cascade is one of major factors leading to cardiac dysfunction after burn injury. TLRs are a class of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that initiate the innate immune response by sensing conserved molecular patterns for early immune recognition of a pathogen. The Rat Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) Signaling Pathway RT² Profiler PCR Array profiles the expression of 84 genes central to TLR-mediated signal transduction and innate immunity, and is a validated tool for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We employed the PCR array to identify burn-induced cardiac TLR-signaling-related DEGs. A total of 38 up-regulated DEGs and 19 down-regulated DEGs were identified. Network analysis determined that all DEGS had 10 clusters, while up-regulated DEGs had 6 clusters and down-regulated DEGs had 5 clusters. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that DEGs were involved in TLR signaling, the RIG-I-Like receptor signaling pathway, the IL-17 signaling pathway, and the NFkB signaling pathway. Function analysis indicated that DEGs were associated with Toll-like receptor 2 binding, Lipopeptide binding, Toll-like receptor binding, and NAD(P)+ nucleosidase activity. The validation of 18 up-regulated DEGs (≥10-fold change) and 6 down-regulated DEGs (≤5-fold change) demonstrated that the PCR array is a trusted method for identifying DEGs. The analysis of validated DEG-derived protein–protein interaction networks will guide our future investigations. In summary, this study not only identified the TLR-signaling-pathway-related DEGs after burn injury, but also confirmed that the burn-induced cardiac cytokine cascade plays an important role in burn-induced heart dysfunction. The results will provide the novel therapeutic targets to protect the heart after burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake J. Wen
- Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA;
- Correspondence: (J.J.W.); (R.S.R.); Tel.: +1-832-722-0348
| | - Keyan Mobli
- Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA;
| | | | - Ravi S. Radhakrishnan
- Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA;
- Correspondence: (J.J.W.); (R.S.R.); Tel.: +1-832-722-0348
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8
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Theocharidis G, Thomas BE, Sarkar D, Mumme HL, Pilcher WJR, Dwivedi B, Sandoval-Schaefer T, Sîrbulescu RF, Kafanas A, Mezghani I, Wang P, Lobao A, Vlachos IS, Dash B, Hsia HC, Horsley V, Bhasin SS, Veves A, Bhasin M. Single cell transcriptomic landscape of diabetic foot ulcers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:181. [PMID: 35013299 PMCID: PMC8748704 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27801-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is a devastating complication of diabetes whose pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we profile 174,962 single cells from the foot, forearm, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells using single-cell RNA sequencing. Our analysis shows enrichment of a unique population of fibroblasts overexpressing MMP1, MMP3, MMP11, HIF1A, CHI3L1, and TNFAIP6 and increased M1 macrophage polarization in the DFU patients with healing wounds. Further, analysis of spatially separated samples from the same patient and spatial transcriptomics reveal preferential localization of these healing associated fibroblasts toward the wound bed as compared to the wound edge or unwounded skin. Spatial transcriptomics also validates our findings of higher abundance of M1 macrophages in healers and M2 macrophages in non-healers. Our analysis provides deep insights into the wound healing microenvironment, identifying cell types that could be critical in promoting DFU healing, and may inform novel therapeutic approaches for DFU treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Theocharidis
- The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics and Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beena E Thomas
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Debasree Sarkar
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hope L Mumme
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William J R Pilcher
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bhakti Dwivedi
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Ruxandra F Sîrbulescu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonios Kafanas
- Lincoln County Hospital, Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust, Scunthorpe, UK
| | - Ikram Mezghani
- The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics and Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics and Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonio Lobao
- The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics and Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ioannis S Vlachos
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Biraja Dash
- Yale Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery-Wound Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry C Hsia
- Yale Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery-Wound Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Valerie Horsley
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Swati S Bhasin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aristidis Veves
- The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics and Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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9
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Mandujano-Tinoco EA, González-García F, Salgado RM, Abarca-Buis RF, Sanchez-Lopez JM, Carranza-Castro PH, Padilla L, Krötzsch E. miR-31, miR-155, and miR-221 expression profiles and their association with graft skin tolerance in a syngeneic vs. allogeneic murine skin transplantation model. J Burn Care Res 2022; 43:1160-1169. [PMID: 35018433 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Grafting is the gold standard for the treatment of severe skin burns. Frequently, allogeneic tissue is the only transient option for wound coverage, but their use risks damage to surrounding tissues. MicroRNAs have been associated with acute rejection of different tissues/organs. In this study, we analyzed the expression of miR-31, miR-155, and miR-221 and associate it with graft tolerance or rejection using a murine full-thickness skin transplantation model. Recipient animals for the syngeneic and allogeneic groups were BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, respectively; donor tissues were obtained from BALB/c mice. After 7 days post-transplantation (DPT), the recipient skin and grafts in the syngeneic group maintained most of their structural characteristics and transforming growth factor (TGF)β1 and TGFβ3 expression. Allografts were rejected early (Banff grades II and IV at 3 and 7 DPT, respectively), showing damage to the skin architecture and alteration of TGFβ3 distribution. miRNAs skin expression changed in both mouse strains; miR-31 expression increased in the recipient skin of syngeneic grafts relative to that of allogeneic grafts at 3 and 7 DPT (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively); miR-221 expression increased in the same grafts at 7 DPT (p < 0.05). The only significant difference between donor tissues was observed for miR-155 expression at 7 DPT which was associated with necrotic tissue. Only miR-31 and miR-221 levels were increased in the blood of BALB/c mice that received syngeneic grafts after 7 DPT. Our data suggest that local and systemic miR-31 and miR-221 overexpression are associated with graft tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Ayerim Mandujano-Tinoco
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco González-García
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Salgado
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - René Fernando Abarca-Buis
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Luis Padilla
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Krötzsch
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
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10
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Montoya MM, Bustamante TG, Berjano E, Mickelsen SR, Daniels JD, Arango PH, Schieber J, Kulstad E. Proactive esophageal cooling protects against thermal insults during high-power short-duration radiofrequency cardiac ablation. Int J Hyperthermia 2022; 39:1202-1212. [PMID: 36104029 PMCID: PMC9771690 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2121860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proactive cooling with a novel cooling device has been shown to reduce endoscopically identified thermal injury during radiofrequency (RF) ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation using medium power settings. We aimed to evaluate the effects of proactive cooling during high-power short-duration (HPSD) ablation. METHODS A computer model accounting for the left atrium (1.5 mm thickness) and esophagus including the active cooling device was created. We used the Arrhenius equation to estimate the esophageal thermal damage during 50 W/ 10 s and 90 W/ 4 s RF ablations. RESULTS With proactive esophageal cooling in place, temperatures in the esophageal tissue were significantly reduced from control conditions without cooling, and the resulting percentage of damage to the esophageal wall was reduced around 50%, restricting damage to the epi-esophageal region and consequently sparing the remainder of the esophageal tissue, including the mucosal surface. Lesions in the atrial wall remained transmural despite cooling, and maximum width barely changed (<0.8 mm). CONCLUSIONS Proactive esophageal cooling significantly reduces temperatures and the resulting fraction of damage in the esophagus during HPSD ablation. These findings offer a mechanistic rationale explaining the high degree of safety encountered to date using proactive esophageal cooling, and further underscore the fact that temperature monitoring is inadequate to avoid thermal damage to the esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Enrique Berjano
- BioMIT, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | | | - James D. Daniels
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Jay Schieber
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erik Kulstad
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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11
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Li SJ, Cai ZW, Yang HF, Tang XD, Fang X, Qiu L, Wang F, Chen XL. A Next-Generation Sequencing of Plasma Exosome-Derived microRNAs and Target Gene Analysis with a Microarray Database of Thermally Injured Skins: Identification of Blood-to-Tissue Interactions at Early Burn Stage. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6783-6798. [PMID: 34916825 PMCID: PMC8670889 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s343956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma exosome-derived microRNA (miRNA) profiles following thermal injury and their relationship with gene expression derangements in burned skin remain unexplored. This study focused on the identification of key miRNA-mRNA axes in potential blood-to-tissue interactions at early burn stage. Methods Plasma exosomes were obtained from 6 severe burn patients 4–7 days post injury and 6 healthy volunteers. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of exosomal small RNAs presented the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Target genes of the DEMs were predicted in the mirDIP database. Dataset GSE8056 was enrolled to acquire differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in burned skin compared to normal skin. Overlap between the DEGs and target genes of the DEMs were focus genes. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and enrichment analyses of the focus genes demonstrated hub genes and suggested underlying mechanisms and pathways. The hub genes and upstream DEMs were selected to construct key miRNA-mRNA axes. Results The NGS of plasma exosome-derived small RNAs identified 85 DEMs (14 downregulated miRNAs and 71 upregulated miRNAs) with 12,901 predicted target genes. Dataset GSE8056 exhibited 1861 DEGs in partial-thickness burned skins 4–7 days postburn. The overlap between DEGs and target genes of DEMs displayed 1058 focus genes. The top 9 hub genes (CDK1, CCNB1, CCNA2, BUB1B, PLK1, KIF11, AURKA, NUSAP1 and CDCA8) in the PPI network of the focus genes pointed to 16 upstream miRNAs in DEMs, including 4 downregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-6848-3p, has-miR-4684-3p, has-miR-4786-5p and has-miR-365a-5p) and 12 upregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-6751-3p, hsa-miR-718, hsa-miR-4754, hsa-miR-6754-3p, hsa-miR-4739, hsa-miR-6739-5p, hsa-miR-6884-3p, hsa-miR-1224-3p, hsa-miR-6878-3p, hsa-miR-6795-3p, hsa-miR-550a-3p, and hsa-miR-550b-3p). A key miRNA-mRNA network in potential blood-to-tissue interactions at early burn stage was therefore constructed. Conclusion An NGS and bioinformatic analysis in the study identified key miRNA-mRNA axes in potential blood-to-tissue interactions at early burn stage, suggesting plasma exosome-derived miRNAs may impact on the alteration patterns of gene expressions in a burn wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ji Li
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wen Cai
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Fu Yang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Tang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Fang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Qiu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Lin Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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12
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Foessl I, Haudum CW, Vidakovic I, Prassl R, Franz J, Mautner SI, Kainz S, Hofmann E, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Birngruber T, Kotzbeck P. miRNAs as Regulators of the Early Local Response to Burn Injuries. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179209. [PMID: 34502118 PMCID: PMC8430593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In burn injuries, risk factors and limitations to treatment success are difficult to assess clinically. However, local cellular responses are characterized by specific gene-expression patterns. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that regulate mRNA expression on a posttranscriptional level. Secreted through exosome-like vesicles (ELV), miRNAs are intracellular signalers and epigenetic regulators. To date, their role in the regulation of the early burn response remains unclear. Here, we identified 43 miRNAs as potential regulators of the early burn response through the bioinformatics analysis of an existing dataset. We used an established human ex vivo skin model of a deep partial-thickness burn to characterize ELVs and miRNAs in dermal interstitial fluid (dISF). Moreover, we identified miR-497-5p as stably downregulated in tissue and dISF in the early phase after a burn injury. MiR-218-5p and miR-212-3p were downregulated in dISF, but not in tissue. Target genes of the miRNAs were mainly upregulated in tissue post-burn. The altered levels of miRNAs in dISF of thermally injured skin mark them as new biomarker candidates for burn injuries. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report miRNAs altered in the dISF in the early phase of deep partial-thickness burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Foessl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.W.H.); (J.F.); (S.I.M.); (B.O.-P.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-72936
| | - Christoph Walter Haudum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.W.H.); (J.F.); (S.I.M.); (B.O.-P.); (P.K.)
- CBmed GmbH—Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ivan Vidakovic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (I.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (I.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Joakim Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.W.H.); (J.F.); (S.I.M.); (B.O.-P.); (P.K.)
- CBmed GmbH—Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Selma I. Mautner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.W.H.); (J.F.); (S.I.M.); (B.O.-P.); (P.K.)
- HEALTH—Institute for Biomedicine and Health Sciences, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Sonja Kainz
- HEALTH—Institute for Biomedicine and Health Sciences, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Elisabeth Hofmann
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.W.H.); (J.F.); (S.I.M.); (B.O.-P.); (P.K.)
| | - Thomas Birngruber
- HEALTH—Institute for Biomedicine and Health Sciences, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Petra Kotzbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.W.H.); (J.F.); (S.I.M.); (B.O.-P.); (P.K.)
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
- COREMED—Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
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13
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Stone RC, Chen V, Burgess J, Pannu S, Tomic-Canic M. Genomics of Human Fibrotic Diseases: Disordered Wound Healing Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228590. [PMID: 33202590 PMCID: PMC7698326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic disease, which is implicated in almost half of all deaths worldwide, is the result of an uncontrolled wound healing response to injury in which tissue is replaced by deposition of excess extracellular matrix, leading to fibrosis and loss of organ function. A plethora of genome-wide association studies, microarrays, exome sequencing studies, DNA methylation arrays, next-generation sequencing, and profiling of noncoding RNAs have been performed in patient-derived fibrotic tissue, with the shared goal of utilizing genomics to identify the transcriptional networks and biological pathways underlying the development of fibrotic diseases. In this review, we discuss fibrosing disorders of the skin, liver, kidney, lung, and heart, systematically (1) characterizing the initial acute injury that drives unresolved inflammation, (2) identifying genomic studies that have defined the pathologic gene changes leading to excess matrix deposition and fibrogenesis, and (3) summarizing therapies targeting pro-fibrotic genes and networks identified in the genomic studies. Ultimately, successful bench-to-bedside translation of observations from genomic studies will result in the development of novel anti-fibrotic therapeutics that improve functional quality of life for patients and decrease mortality from fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivka C. Stone
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.S.); (M.T.-C.)
| | - Vivien Chen
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Jamie Burgess
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sukhmani Pannu
- Department of Dermatology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02116, USA;
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: (R.C.S.); (M.T.-C.)
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14
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Wu D, Zhou M, Li L, Leng X, Zhang Z, Wang N, Sun Y. Severe Burn Injury Progression and Phasic Changes of Gene Expression in Mouse Model. Inflammation 2020; 42:1239-1251. [PMID: 30877509 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Patients with severe burns are susceptible to infectious complications including burn-site infections and sepsis. The purpose of this study was to explore the pathologic development of burn injury in a mouse model and to screen genes dysregulated at different time points on the basis of gene expression microarrays. Differential expression analysis identified a total 223 genes that related to only time progression independent of burn injury and 214 genes with aberrant expression due to burn injury. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of the 214 genes obtained seven gene modules which named as red, blue, turquoise, green, brown, yellow, and gray module, and the blue module was found to be significantly associated with severe burn injury progression, and in which several genes were previously reported being associated with inflammation and immune response, such as interleukin IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1b. Functional enrichment analysis indicated significant enrichment of biological processes that related to metabolism and catabolism, and pathways of proteasome, notch signaling and cell cycle. This result supports a phase progression of severe burn with gene expression changes and interpretation of biological processes in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Gongqingtuanxi Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China.
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Gongqingtuanxi Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangfeng Leng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Gongqingtuanxi Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Gongqingtuanxi Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Yanwei Sun
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Gongqingtuanxi Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
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15
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Wright EH, Tyler M, Vojnovic B, Pleat J, Harris A, Furniss D. Human model of burn injury that quantifies the benefit of cooling as a first aid measure. Br J Surg 2019; 106:1472-1479. [PMID: 31441049 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cooling is widely practised as a first aid measure, but the efficacy of cooling burns in human skin has not been demonstrated. A safe, consistent, ethically acceptable model of burning and cooling in live human skin in vivo was developed, and used to quantify the effects of cooling. METHODS Novel apparatus was manufactured to create and cool burns in women who were anaesthetized for breast reconstruction surgery using a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap. Burns were excised between 1 and 3 h after creation, and analysed using histopathological assessment. RESULTS All 25 women who were approached agreed to take part in the study. There were no adverse events. Increased duration of contact led to increased burn depth, with a contact time of 7·5 s at 70°C leading to a mid-dermal burn. Burn depth progressed over time following injury, but importantly this was modified by cooling the burn at 16°C for 20 min. On average, cooling salvaged 25·2 per cent of the dermal thickness. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the favourable effects of cooling on human burns. Public heath messaging should emphasize cooling as first aid for burns. This model will allow analysis of the molecular effects of cooling burns, and provide a platform for testing novel therapies aimed at reducing the impact of burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Wright
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - M Tyler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK
| | - B Vojnovic
- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J Pleat
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, UK
| | - A Harris
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - D Furniss
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science (NDORMS), Botnar Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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16
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Time series analysis of gene changes and processes after burn with human gene expression profiles. Burns 2018; 45:387-397. [PMID: 30527648 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Severe burns might be followed by severe infection associated with high mortality. In this study, we aimed to identify changes in genes and processes across time points after burn via analyzing time series gene expression profiles in burn patients and control from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Patients were classified into four groups according to time after burn and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) obtained three gene modules including magenta, yellow and greenyellow modules that significantly correlated positively with time after burn. We also identified four groups of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in samples at 0-1d, 1-2d, 2-4d, and 4-7d after burn compared with controls. Functional enrichment analysis of those DEGs indicated significant enrichment of inflammatory/immune related processes throughout time points after burn, while, samples at later time points were also closely associated with cell activation regulation related processes. Short time series expression analysis of overlapping genes among the four lists of DEGs screened out two temporal gene expression profiles that exhibited decreasing and increasing expression trend across times after burn, and genes contained in those two profiles might be related to pathologic changes after severe burn.
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17
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D'Arpa P, Leung KP. Toll-Like Receptor Signaling in Burn Wound Healing and Scarring. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2017; 6:330-343. [PMID: 29062590 PMCID: PMC5649422 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2017.0733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) emanate from burn-injured tissue and enter systemic circulation. Locally and systemically, they activate pattern-recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors (TLRs), to stimulate cytokine secretion, which in the severest burns typically results in extreme systemic cytokine levels, a dysfunctioning immune system, infection, impaired healing, and excessive scarring. This system-wide disruption of homeostasis can advance to life-threatening, multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Knowledge of DAMP- and PAMP-TLR signaling may lead to treatments that ameliorate local and systemic inflammation and reduce scarring and other burn injury sequela. Recent Advances: Many PAMPs and DAMPs, the TLRs they activate, and their downstream signaling molecules have been shown to contribute to local and systemic inflammation and tissue damage following burn injury. Critical Issues: Whether TLR-pathway-targeting treatments applied at different times postburn injury might improve scarring remains an open question. The evaluation of this question requires the use of appropriate preclinical and clinical burn models carried out until after mature scar has formed. Future Directions: After TLR-pathway-targeting treatments are evaluated in porcine burn wound models and their safety is demonstrated, they can be tested in proof-of-concept clinical burn wound models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai P. Leung
- Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research and Tissue Regeneration Directorate, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas
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18
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Plassais J, Venet F, Cazalis MA, Le Quang D, Pachot A, Monneret G, Tissot S, Textoris J. Transcriptome modulation by hydrocortisone in severe burn shock: ancillary analysis of a prospective randomized trial. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2017. [PMID: 28623938 PMCID: PMC5473974 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-017-1743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite shortening vasopressor use in shock, hydrocortisone administration remains controversial, with potential harm to the immune system. Few studies have assessed the impact of hydrocortisone on the transcriptional response in shock, and we are lacking data on burn shock. Our objective was to assess the hydrocortisone-induced transcriptional modulation in severe burn shock, particularly modulation of the immune response. Methods We collected whole blood samples during a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of hydrocortisone administration in burn shock. Using whole genome microarrays, we first compared burn patients (n = 32) from the placebo group to healthy volunteers to describe the transcriptional modulation induced by burn shock over the first week. Then we compared burn patients randomized for either hydrocortisone administration or placebo, to assess hydrocortisone-induced modulation. Results Study groups were similar in terms of severity and major outcomes, but shock duration was significantly reduced in the hydrocortisone group. Many genes (n = 1687) were differentially expressed between burn patients and healthy volunteers, with 85% of them exhibiting a profound and persistent modulation over seven days. Interestingly, we showed that hydrocortisone enhanced the shock-associated repression of adaptive, but also innate immunity. Conclusions We found that the initial host response to burn shock encompasses wide and persistent modulation of gene expression, with profound modulation of pathways associated with metabolism and immunity. Importantly, hydrocortisone administration may worsen the immunosuppression associated with severe injury. These data should be taken into account in the risk ratio of hydrocortisone administration in patients with inflammatory shock. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00149123. Registered on 6 September 2005. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13054-017-1743-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Plassais
- EA7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, bioMérieux ; "Pathophysiology of injury induced immunosuppression (PI3)", hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Fabienne Venet
- EA7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, bioMérieux ; "Pathophysiology of injury induced immunosuppression (PI3)", hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology laboratory, hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Angélique Cazalis
- EA7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, bioMérieux ; "Pathophysiology of injury induced immunosuppression (PI3)", hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Diane Le Quang
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Burn ICU, Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine department, hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Pachot
- EA7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, bioMérieux ; "Pathophysiology of injury induced immunosuppression (PI3)", hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- EA7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, bioMérieux ; "Pathophysiology of injury induced immunosuppression (PI3)", hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology laboratory, hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Tissot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Burn ICU, Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine department, hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Textoris
- EA7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, bioMérieux ; "Pathophysiology of injury induced immunosuppression (PI3)", hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France. .,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Burn ICU, Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine department, hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, France.
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19
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Martin NA, Falder S. A review of the evidence for threshold of burn injury. Burns 2017; 43:1624-1639. [PMID: 28536038 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burn injury is common and depth is one measure of severity. Although the depth of burn injury is determined by many factors, the relationship between the temperature of the injurious agent and exposure duration, known as the time-temperature relationship, is widely accepted as one of the cornerstones of burn research. Moritz and Henriques first proposed this relationship in 1947 and their seminal work has been cited extensively. However, over the years, readers have misinterpreted their findings and incorporated misleading information about the time-temperature relationship into a wide range of industrial standards, burn prevention literature and medicolegal opinion. AIM The purpose of this paper is to present a critical review of the evidence that relates temperature and time to cell death and the depth of burn injury. These concepts are used by researchers, burn prevention strategists, burn care teams and child protection professionals involved in ascertaining how the mechanism of burning relates to the injury pattern and whether the injury is consistent with the history. REVIEW METHODS This review explores the robustness of the currently available evidence. The paper summarises the research from burn damage experimental work as well as bioheat transfer models and discusses the merits and limitations of these approaches. REVIEW FINDINGS There is broad agreement between in vitro and in vivo studies for superficial burns. There is clear evidence that the perception of pain in adult human skin occurs just above 43°C. When the basal layer of the epidermis reaches 44°C, burn injury occurs. For superficial dermal burns, the rate of tissue damage increases logarithmically with a linear increase in temperature. Beyond 70°C, rate of damage is so rapid that interpretation can be difficult. Depth of injury is also influenced by skin thickness, blood flow and cooling after injury. There is less clinical evidence for a time-temperature relationship for deep or subdermal burns. Bioheat transfer models are useful in research and becoming increasingly sophisticated but currently have limited practical use. Time-temperature relationships have not been established for burns in children's skin, although standards for domestic hot water suggest that the maximum temperature should be revised downward by 3-4°C to provide adequate burn protection for children. CONCLUSION Time-temperature relationships established for pain and superficial dermal burns in adult human skin have an extensive experimental modeling basis and reasonable clinical validation. However, time-temperature relationships for subdermal burns, full thickness burns and burn injury in children have limited clinical validation, being extrapolated from other data, and should be used with caution, particularly if presented during expert evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Martin
- St. Andrews Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 7ET, UK.
| | - S Falder
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK.
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20
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Shih BB, Nirmal AJ, Headon DJ, Akbar AN, Mabbott NA, Freeman TC. Derivation of marker gene signatures from human skin and their use in the interpretation of the transcriptional changes associated with dermatological disorders. J Pathol 2017; 241:600-613. [PMID: 28008606 PMCID: PMC5363360 DOI: 10.1002/path.4864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the altered transcriptional landscape associated with skin diseases to understand the nature of these disorders. However, data interpretation represents a significant challenge due to a lack of good maker sets for many of the specialized cell types that make up this tissue, whose composition may fundamentally alter during disease. Here we have sought to derive expression signatures that define the various cell types and structures that make up human skin, and demonstrate how they can be used to aid the interpretation of transcriptomic data derived from this organ. Two large normal skin transcriptomic datasets were identified, one RNA-seq (n = 578), the other microarray (n = 165), quality controlled and subjected separately to network-based analyses to identify clusters of robustly co-expressed genes. The biological significance of these clusters was then assigned using a combination of bioinformatics analyses, literature, and expert review. After cross comparison between analyses, 20 gene signatures were defined. These included expression signatures for hair follicles, glands (sebaceous, sweat, apocrine), keratinocytes, melanocytes, endothelia, muscle, adipocytes, immune cells, and a number of pathway systems. Collectively, we have named this resource SkinSig. SkinSig was then used in the analysis of transcriptomic datasets for 18 skin conditions, providing in-context interpretation of these data. For instance, conventional analysis has shown there to be a decrease in keratinization and fatty metabolism with age; we more accurately define these changes to be due to loss of hair follicles and sebaceous glands. SkinSig also highlighted the over-/under-representation of various cell types in skin diseases, reflecting an influx in immune cells in inflammatory disorders and a relative reduction in other cell types. Overall, our analyses demonstrate the value of this new resource in defining the functional profile of skin cell types and appendages, and in improving the interpretation of disease data. © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara B Shih
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of Edinburgh, Easter BushMidlothianEdinburghEH25 9RGUK
| | - Ajit J Nirmal
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of Edinburgh, Easter BushMidlothianEdinburghEH25 9RGUK
| | - Denis J Headon
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of Edinburgh, Easter BushMidlothianEdinburghEH25 9RGUK
| | - Arne N Akbar
- Division of Infection and ImmunityUniversity College London90 Gower StreetLondonWC1E 6BTUK
| | - Neil A Mabbott
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of Edinburgh, Easter BushMidlothianEdinburghEH25 9RGUK
| | - Tom C Freeman
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of Edinburgh, Easter BushMidlothianEdinburghEH25 9RGUK
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21
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Swindell WR, Michaels KA, Sutter AJ, Diaconu D, Fritz Y, Xing X, Sarkar MK, Liang Y, Tsoi A, Gudjonsson JE, Ward NL. Imiquimod has strain-dependent effects in mice and does not uniquely model human psoriasis. Genome Med 2017; 9:24. [PMID: 28279190 PMCID: PMC5345243 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-017-0415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imiquimod (IMQ) produces a cutaneous phenotype in mice frequently studied as an acute model of human psoriasis. Whether this phenotype depends on strain or sex has never been systematically investigated on a large scale. Such effects, however, could lead to conflicts among studies, while further impacting study outcomes and efforts to translate research findings. METHODS RNA-seq was used to evaluate the psoriasiform phenotype elicited by 6 days of Aldara (5% IMQ) treatment in both sexes of seven mouse strains (C57BL/6 J (B6), BALB/cJ, CD1, DBA/1 J, FVB/NJ, 129X1/SvJ, and MOLF/EiJ). RESULTS In most strains, IMQ altered gene expression in a manner consistent with human psoriasis, partly due to innate immune activation and decreased homeostatic gene expression. The response of MOLF males was aberrant, however, with decreased expression of differentiation-associated genes (elevated in other strains). Key aspects of the IMQ response differed between the two most commonly studied strains (BALB/c and B6). Compared with BALB/c, the B6 phenotype showed increased expression of genes associated with DNA replication, IL-17A stimulation, and activated CD8+ T cells, but decreased expression of genes associated with interferon signaling and CD4+ T cells. Although IMQ-induced expression shifts mirrored psoriasis, responses in BALB/c, 129/SvJ, DBA, and MOLF mice were more consistent with other human skin conditions (e.g., wounds or infections). IMQ responses in B6 mice were most consistent with human psoriasis and best replicated expression patterns specific to psoriasis lesions. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate strain-dependent aspects of IMQ dermatitis in mice. We have shown that IMQ does not uniquely model psoriasis but in fact triggers a core set of pathways active in diverse skin diseases. Nonetheless, our findings suggest that B6 mice provide a better background than other strains for modeling psoriasis disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Swindell
- Ohio University, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701-2979 USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Kellie A. Michaels
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Andrew J. Sutter
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Doina Diaconu
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Yi Fritz
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Mrinal K. Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Alex Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | | | - Nicole L. Ward
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
- The Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
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Lurier EB, Dalton D, Dampier W, Raman P, Nassiri S, Ferraro NM, Rajagopalan R, Sarmady M, Spiller KL. Transcriptome analysis of IL-10-stimulated (M2c) macrophages by next-generation sequencing. Immunobiology 2017; 222:847-856. [PMID: 28318799 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Alternatively activated "M2" macrophages are believed to function during late stages of wound healing, behaving in an anti-inflammatory manner to mediate the resolution of the pro-inflammatory response caused by "M1" macrophages. However, the differences between two main subtypes of M2 macrophages, namely interleukin-4 (IL-4)-stimulated "M2a" macrophages and IL-10-stimulated "M2c" macrophages, are not well understood. M2a macrophages are characterized by their ability to inhibit inflammation and contribute to the stabilization of angiogenesis. However, the role and temporal profile of M2c macrophages in wound healing are not known. Therefore, we performed next generation sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify biological functions and gene expression signatures of macrophages polarized in vitro with IL-10 to the M2c phenotype in comparison to M1 and M2a macrophages and an unactivated control (M0). We then explored the expression of these gene signatures in a publicly available data set of human wound healing. RNA-seq analysis showed that hundreds of genes were upregulated in M2c macrophages compared to the M0 control, with thousands of alternative splicing events. Following validation by Nanostring, 39 genes were found to be upregulated by M2c macrophages compared to the M0 control, and 17 genes were significantly upregulated relative to the M0, M1, and M2a phenotypes (using an adjusted p-value cutoff of 0.05 and fold change cutoff of 1.5). Many of the identified M2c-specific genes are associated with angiogenesis, matrix remodeling, and phagocytosis, including CD163, MMP8, TIMP1, VCAN, SERPINA1, MARCO, PLOD2, PCOCLE2 and F5. Analysis of the macrophage-conditioned media for secretion of matrix-remodeling proteins showed that M2c macrophages secreted higher levels of MMP7, MMP8, and TIMP1 compared to the other phenotypes. Interestingly, temporal gene expression analysis of a publicly available microarray data set of human wound healing showed that M2c-related genes were upregulated at early times after injury, similar to M1-related genes, while M2a-related genes appeared at later stages or were downregulated after injury. While further studies are required to confirm the timing and role of M2c macrophages in vivo, these results suggest that M2c macrophages may function at early stages of wound healing. Identification of markers of the M2c phenotype will allow more detailed investigations into the role of M2c macrophages in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Lurier
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Donald Dalton
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Will Dampier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N Broad St. Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Pichai Raman
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Deparment of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sina Nassiri
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicole M Ferraro
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ramakrishan Rajagopalan
- Deparment of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mahdi Sarmady
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kara L Spiller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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23
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Taverna D, Pollins AC, Sindona G, Caprioli RM, Nanney LB. Imaging mass spectrometry for accessing molecular changes during burn wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2016; 24:775-785. [PMID: 27256813 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal analysis of the proteomic profile during human wound healing is a critical investigative step that can establish the complex interplay of molecular events that comprise the local response to burn injury. Partial-thickness wound samples with adjacent "normal" skin were collected from twenty-one patients with burn wounds and examined across a time spectrum ranging from the acute injury period at 3, 6, 11 days to the later hypertrophic scar period at 7 and 15 months. The techniques used for histology-directed tissue analyses highlighted inflammatory protein markers at the early time points after injury with diminished expression as burn wounds progressed into the proliferative phase. The datasets show the usefulness of MALDI MS and imaging mass spectrometry as discovery approaches to identify and map the cutaneous molecular sequence that is activated in response to the unique systemic inflammatory response following burn trauma. This information has the potential to define the unique factors that predispose human burn victims to disfiguring hypertrophic scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Taverna
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Della Calabria, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. .,Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - Alonda C Pollins
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Giovanni Sindona
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Della Calabria, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy
| | - Richard M Caprioli
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lillian B Nanney
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The traditional hypothesis-driven scientific approach cannot so far sufficiently elucidate complex pathophysiologies, such as posttraumatic systemic inflammation and subsequent multiple organ failure. This complex system includes different biological and functional levels, the genome, the transcriptome, the proteome, the biome (cells), the organs and finally the whole organism. METHODS Microarray techniques enable a simultaneous search for these different biological levels and their functional relationships on a large scale and to discover new functional pathways and networks and potentially new biomarkers for different pathologies. Microarray technologies lead to a new paradigm in science, the hypothesis-generating approach. AIM This article reviews important microarray findings in trauma and systemic inflammation research and discusses potentials and limitations of these biotechnological screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bogner
- Klinik für Allgemeine, Unfall-, Hand- und Plastische Chirurgie, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Campus Innenstadt, Nussbaumstraße 20, 80336, München, Deutschland,
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25
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Wright EH, Harris AL, Furniss D. Cooling of burns: Mechanisms and models. Burns 2015; 41:882-9. [PMID: 25820085 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of cooling in the acute management of burns is widely accepted in clinical practice, and is a cornerstone of basic first aid in burns. This has been underlined in a number of animal models. The mechanism by which it delivers its benefit is poorly understood, but there is a reduction in burns progression over the first 48 h, reduced healing time, and some subjective improvements in scarring when cooling is administered after burning. Intradermal temperature normalises within a matter of seconds to a few minutes, yet the benefits of even delayed cooling persist, implying it is not simply the removal of thermal energy from the damaged tissues. Animal models have used oedema formation, preservation of dermal perfusion, healing time and hair retention as indicators of burns severity, and have shown cooling to improve these indices, but pharmacological or immunological blockade of humoural and cellular mediators of inflammation did not reproduce the benefit of cooling. More recently, some studies of tissue from human and animal burns have shown consistent, reproducible, temporal changes in gene expression in burned tissues. Here, we review the experimental evidence of the role and mechanism of cooling in burns management, and suggest future research directions that may eventually lead to improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Wright
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, and the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Green Templeton College, 43 Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HG, United Kingdom.
| | - A L Harris
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Green Templeton College, 43 Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HG, United Kingdom
| | - D Furniss
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals, and the Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Green Templeton College, 43 Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HG, United Kingdom
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26
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Touzot M, Dahirel A, Cappuccio A, Segura E, Hupé P, Soumelis V. Using Transcriptional Signatures to Assess Immune Cell Function: From Basic Mechanisms to Immune-Related Disease. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:3356-67. [PMID: 25986308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Assessing human immune response remains a challenge as it involves multiple cell types in specific tissues. The use of microarray-based expression profiling as a tool for assessing the immune response has grown increasingly over the past decade. Transcriptome analyses provide investigators with a global perspective of the complex molecular and cellular events that unfold during the development of an immune response. In this review, we will detail the broad use of gene expression profiling to decipher the complexity of immune responses from disease biomarkers identification to cell activation, polarisation or functional specialisation. We will also describe how such data-driven strategies revealed the flexibility of immune function with common and specific transcriptional programme under multiple stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Touzot
- INSERM U932, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alix Dahirel
- INSERM U932, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Antonio Cappuccio
- INSERM U932, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Service de Bioinformatique, INSERM U900, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Elodie Segura
- INSERM U932, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Hupé
- Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Service de Bioinformatique, INSERM U900, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 144
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- INSERM U932, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
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27
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Relative Expression of Proinflammatory and Antiinflammatory Genes Reveals Differences between Healing and Nonhealing Human Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1700-1703. [PMID: 25647438 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Ou S, Liu GD, Tan Y, Zhou LS, Bai SR, Xue G, Li J, Yang Y, Cui J, Cheng JM, Gu JW. A time course study about gene expression of post-thermal injury with DNA microarray. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:757-64. [PMID: 25069606 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn injury is one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma in daily life. However, the exact sequence of events after burn injury remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate gene expression alterations after burn injury. METHODS Microarray data set GSE8056 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 12 samples, equally distributed in four groups: normal skin tissue as control and damaged tissues 1-3 days after burn (early period); 4-7 days after burn (middle period); and more than 7 days after burn (late period). Packages in R language were utilized to pre-process the data and filter out the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional annotation of all three groups of DEGs was conducted by using clusters of orthologous groups analysis. The DEGs shared by all three groups were picked out and analyzed with STRING to set up a protein-protein interaction network. CFinder was chosen to implement module analysis, and expression analysis systematic explorer was then adopted to reveal the dysfunctional pathways for each module. RESULTS A total of 727, 782, and 445 DEGs were identified in the early, middle, and late period after burn, and 234 DEGs were identified as continually differentially expressed throughout all time periods, including genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1β, and genes associated with cell proliferation. Three modules associated with cell proliferation and inflammatory responses were generated from the protein-protein interaction network. CONCLUSION Our findings are beneficial for understanding the progression of the wound healing response after burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ou
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan.,Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Guo-Dong Liu
- Department 8, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Office of Scientific Research and Training Administration, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Le-Shun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Shu-Rong Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Gang Xue
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Min Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Jian-Wen Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan
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Nuutila K, Katayama S, Vuola J, Kankuri E. Human Wound-Healing Research: Issues and Perspectives for Studies Using Wide-Scale Analytic Platforms. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2014; 3:264-271. [PMID: 24761360 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2013.0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Revealing the basic mechanisms in the healing process and then regulating these processes for faster healing or to avoid negative outcomes such as infection or scarring are fundamental to wound research. The normal healing process is basically known, but to thoroughly understand the very complex aspects involved, it is necessary to characterize the course of events at a higher resolution with the latest molecular techniques and methodologies. Recent Advances: Various animal models are used in wound-healing research. Rodent and pig models are the ones most often used, probably because of pre-existing sophisticated research methodologies and as the proper care and ethical use of these species are highly developed and organized to serve science throughout the world. Critical Issues: Since several animal models are used, their anatomical and physiological differences varyingly affect the translation of results on healing mechanisms. Hence, to avoid species-specific misinformation, more ways to study wound healing directly in humans are needed. Future Directions: Fortunately, novel techniques have enabled high-end molecular-level research even from small samples of tissue. Since these methods require only a small amount of patient skin, they make it possible to study wound healing directly in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristo Nuutila
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shintaro Katayama
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jyrki Vuola
- Helsinki Burn Center, Töölö Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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30
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Swindell WR, Johnston A, Xing X, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT, Gudjonsson JE. Modulation of epidermal transcription circuits in psoriasis: new links between inflammation and hyperproliferation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79253. [PMID: 24260178 PMCID: PMC3829857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whole-genome expression profiling has been used to characterize molecular-level differences between psoriasis lesions and normal skin. Pathway analysis, however, is complicated by the fact that expression profiles have been derived from bulk skin biopsies with RNA derived from multiple cell types. Results We analyzed gene expression across a large sample of psoriatic (PP) and uninvolved/normal (PN) skin biopsies (n = 215 patients). We identified 1975 differentially expressed genes, including 8 associated with psoriasis susceptibility loci. To facilitate pathway analysis, PP versus PN differences in gene expression were analyzed with respect to 235 gene modules, each containing genes with a similar expression pattern in keratinocytes and epidermis. We identified 30 differentially expressed modules (DEMs) biased towards PP-increased or PP-decreased expression. These DEMs were associated with regulatory axes involving cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, IL-17A, TNF-α), transcription factors (e.g., STAT1, NF-κB, E2F, RUNX1) and chromatin modifiers (SETDB1). We identified an interferon-induced DEM with genes encoding anti-viral proteins (designated “STAT1-57”), which was activated in psoriatic epidermis but repressed following biologic therapy. Genes within this DEM shared a motif near the transcription start site resembling the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE). Conclusions We analyzed a large patient cohort and developed a new approach for delineating epidermis-specific pathways and regulatory mechanisms that underlie altered gene expression in psoriasis. Our findings highlight previously unrecognized “transcription circuits” that can provide targets for development of non-systemic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Swindell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John J. Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James T. Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Johann E. Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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Januszyk M, Gurtner GC. High-Throughput Single-Cell Analysis for Wound Healing Applications. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013; 2:457-469. [PMID: 24527358 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2012.0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Wound repair is a complex biological process that integrates multiple physiologic pathways to restore skin homeostasis after a wide array of gross and anatomical insults. As such, a scientific examination of the wound typically requires broad sampling of numerous factors and is commonly achieved through DNA microarray analysis. CRITICAL ISSUES In the last several years, it has become increasingly evident that the granularity afforded by such traditional population-based assays may be insufficient to capture the complex relationships in heterogeneous processes such as those associated with wound healing and stem cell biology. RECENT ADVANCES Several emerging technologies have recently become available that permit high-throughput single-cell gene expression analysis in a manner which provides novel insights into the relationships of complex tissue. The most prominent among these employs microfluidic-based devices to achieve a high-resolution analysis of tissue samples. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The intrinsically heterogeneous nature of injured tissue, in conjunction with its temporal dynamics, makes wound repair and tissue regeneration an attractive target for high-throughput single-cell analysis. Given the staggering costs associated with chronic and non-healing wounds, the development of predictive and diagnostic tools using this technology would likely be attractive to healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Januszyk
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Geoffrey C. Gurtner
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Diamanti D, Mori E, Incarnato D, Malusa F, Fondelli C, Magnoni L, Pollio G. Whole gene expression profile in blood reveals multiple pathways deregulation in R6/2 mouse model. Biomark Res 2013; 1:28. [PMID: 24252798 PMCID: PMC4177605 DOI: 10.1186/2050-7771-1-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Huntington Disease (HD) is a progressive neurological disorder, with pathological manifestations in brain areas and in periphery caused by the ubiquitous expression of mutant Huntingtin protein. Transcriptional dysregulation is considered a key molecular mechanism responsible of HD pathogenesis but, although numerous studies investigated mRNA alterations in HD, so far none evaluated a whole gene expression profile in blood of R6/2 mouse model. Findings To discover novel pathogenic mechanisms and potential peripheral biomarkers useful to monitor disease progression or drug efficacy, a microarray study was performed in blood of R6/2 at manifest stage and wild type littermate mice. This approach allowed to propose new peripheral molecular processes involved in HD and to suggest different panels of candidate biomarkers. Among the discovered deregulated processes, we focused on specific ones: complement and coagulation cascades, PPAR signaling, cardiac muscle contraction, and dilated cardiomyopathy pathways. Selected genes derived from these pathways were additionally investigated in other accessible tissues to validate these matrices as source of biomarkers, and in brain, to link central and peripheral disease manifestations. Conclusions Our findings validated the skeletal muscle as suitable source to investigate peripheral transcriptional alterations in HD and supported the hypothesis that immunological alteration may contribute to neurological degeneration. Moreover, the identification of altered signaling in mouse blood enforce R6/2 transgenic mouse as a powerful HD model while suggesting novel disease biomarkers for pre-clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Diamanti
- Siena Biotech S,p,A,, strada del Petriccio e Belriguardo, Siena 35, 53100, Italy.
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Gragnani A, Müller BR, Silva IDCGD, Noronha SMRD, Ferreira LM. Keratinocyte growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta gene expression in cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes from burned patients. Acta Cir Bras 2013; 28:551-8. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502013000800001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Nuutila K, Siltanen A, Peura M, Bizik J, Kaartinen I, Kuokkanen H, Nieminen T, Harjula A, Aarnio P, Vuola J, Kankuri E. Human skin transcriptome during superficial cutaneous wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2012; 20:830-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2012.00831.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristo Nuutila
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Biomedicum; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
| | - Antti Siltanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Biomedicum; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
| | - Matti Peura
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Biomedicum; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
| | | | - Ilkka Kaartinen
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere; Finland
| | - Hannu Kuokkanen
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere; Finland
| | - Tapio Nieminen
- Department of Surgery; Satakunta Central Hospital; Pori; Finland
| | | | - Pertti Aarnio
- Department of Surgery; Satakunta Central Hospital; Pori; Finland
| | - Jyrki Vuola
- Helsinki Burn Center; Töölö Hospital; Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki; Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Biomedicum; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
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Wolf SE, Sterling JP, Hunt JL, Arnoldo BD. The year in burns 2010. Burns 2012; 37:1275-87. [PMID: 22075032 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
For 2010, roughly 1446 original burn research articles were published in scientific journals using the English language. This article reviews those with the most impact on burn treatment according to the Editor of one of the major journals (Burns) and his colleagues. As in previous reviews, articles were divided into the following topic areas: epidemiology, demographics of injury, wound characterisation and treatment, critical care, inhalation injury, infection, metabolism and nutrition, psychological considerations, pain and itching management, rehabilitation and long-term outcomes, and burn reconstruction. Each paper is considered very briefly, and the reader is referred to full manuscripts for details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Wolf
- Division of Burn, Trauma, and Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9158, United States.
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Tamboli RA, Hajri T, Jiang A, Marks-Shulman PA, Williams DB, Clements RH, Melvin W, Bowen BP, Shyr Y, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Reduction in inflammatory gene expression in skeletal muscle from Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients randomized to omentectomy. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28577. [PMID: 22194858 PMCID: PMC3241684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery with and without laparoscopic removal of omental fat (omentectomy) on the temporal gene expression profiles of skeletal muscle. Design Previously reported were the whole-body metabolic effects of a randomized, single-blinded study in patients receiving RYGB surgery stratified to receive or not receive omentectomy. In this follow up study we report on changes in skeletal muscle gene expression in a subset of 21 patients, for whom biopsies were collected preoperatively and at either 6 months or 12 months postoperatively. Methodology/Principal Findings RNA isolated from skeletal muscle biopsies of 21 subjects (8 without omentectomy and 13 with omentectomy) taken before RYGB or at 6 and 12 months postoperatively were subjected to gene expression profiling via Exon 1.0 S/T Array and Taqman Low Density Array. Robust Multichip Analysis and gene enrichment data analysis revealed 84 genes with at least a 4-fold expression difference after surgery. At 6 and 12 months the RYGB with omentectomy group displayed a greater reduction in the expression of genes associated with skeletal muscle inflammation (ANKRD1, CDR1, CH25H, CXCL2, CX3CR1, IL8, LBP, NFIL3, SELE, SOCS3, TNFAIP3, and ZFP36) relative to the RYGB non-omentectomy group. Expressions of IL6 and CCL2 were decreased at all postoperative time points. There was differential expression of genes driving protein turnover (IGFN1, FBXW10) in both groups over time and increased expression of PAAF1 in the non-omentectomy group at 12 months. Evidence for the activation of skeletal muscle satellite cells was inferred from the up-regulation of HOXC10. The elevated post-operative expression of 22 small nucleolar RNAs and the decreased expression of the transcription factors JUNB, FOS, FOSB, ATF3 MYC, EGR1 as well as the orphan nuclear receptors NR4A1, NR4A2, NR4A3 suggest dramatic reorganizations at both the cellular and genetic levels. Conclusions/Significance These data indicate that RYGB reduces skeletal muscle inflammation, and removal of omental fat further amplifies this response. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00212160
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn A. Tamboli
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Tahar Hajri
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Aixiang Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Pamela A. Marks-Shulman
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - D. Brandon Williams
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ronald H. Clements
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Willie Melvin
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Benjamin P. Bowen
- Department of GTL Bioenergy and Structural Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Yu Shyr
- Department of Cancer Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Naji N. Abumrad
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Charles Robb Flynn
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Edmonds RD, Vodovotz Y, Lagoa C, Dutta-Moscato J, Yang Y, Fink MP, Levy RM, Prince JM, Kaczorowski DJ, Tseng GC, Billiar TR. Transcriptomic response of murine liver to severe injury and hemorrhagic shock: a dual-platform microarray analysis. Physiol Genomics 2011; 43:1170-83. [PMID: 21828244 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00020.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Trauma-hemorrhagic shock (HS/T) is a complex process that elicits numerous molecular pathways. We hypothesized that a dual-platform microarray analysis of the liver, an organ that integrates immunology and metabolism, would reveal key pathways engaged following HS/T. C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups (n = 4/group), anesthetized, and surgically treated to simulate a time course and trauma severity model: 1) nonmanipulated animals, 2) minor trauma, 3) 1.5 h of hemorrhagic shock and severe trauma (HS/T), 4) 1.5 h HS/T followed by 1 h resuscitation (HS/T+1.0R), 5) 1.5 h HS/T followed by 4.5 h resuscitation (HS/T+4.5R). Liver RNA was hybridized to CodeLink and Affymetrix mouse whole genome microarray chips. Common genes with a cross-platform correlation >0.6 (2,353 genes in total) were clustered using k-means clustering, and clusters were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathways Analysis. Genes involved in the stress response and immunoregulation were upregulated early and remained upregulated throughout the course of the experiment. Genes involved in cell death and inflammatory pathways were upregulated in a linear fashion with elapsed time and in severe injury compared with minor trauma. Three of the six clusters contained genes involved in metabolic function; these were downregulated with elapsed time. Transcripts involved in amino acid metabolism as well as signaling pathways associated with glucocorticoid receptors, IL-6, IL-10, and the acute phase response were elevated in a severity-dependent manner. This is the first study to examine the postinjury response using dual-platform microarray analysis, revealing responses that may enable novel therapies or diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca D Edmonds
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Lammers G, Verhaegen PD, Ulrich MM, Schalkwijk J, Middelkoop E, Weiland D, Nillesen ST, Van Kuppevelt TH, Daamen WF. An Overview of Methods for the In Vivo Evaluation of Tissue-Engineered Skin Constructs. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 17:33-55. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerwen Lammers
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline D.H.M. Verhaegen
- Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Magda M.W. Ulrich
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Schalkwijk
- Department of Dermatology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Middelkoop
- Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Weiland
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan T.M. Nillesen
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H. Van Kuppevelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke F. Daamen
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Temporal gene expression profiling during rat femoral marrow ablation-induced intramembranous bone regeneration. PLoS One 2010; 5. [PMID: 20957030 PMCID: PMC2948496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced understanding of differential gene expression and biological pathways associated with distinct phases of intramembranous bone regeneration following femoral marrow ablation surgery will improve future advancements regarding osseointegration of joint replacement implants, biomaterials design, and bone tissue engineering. A rat femoral marrow ablation model was performed and genome-wide microarray data were obtained from samples at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 28, and 56 days post-ablation, with intact bones serving as controls at Day 0. Bayesian model-based clustering produced eight distinct groups amongst 9,062 significant gene probe sets based on similar temporal expression profiles, which were further categorized into three major temporal classes of increased, variable, and decreased expression. Osteoblastic- and osteoclastic-associated genes were found to be significantly expressed within the increased expression groups. Chondrogenesis was not detected histologically. Adipogenic marker genes were found within variable/decreased expression groups, emphasizing that adipogenesis was inhibited during osteogenesis. Differential biological processes and pathways associated with each major temporal group were identified, and significantly expressed genes involved were visually represented by heat maps. It was determined that the increased expression group exclusively contains genes involved in pathways for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Wnt signaling, TGF-β signaling, and inflammatory pathways. Only the variable expression group contains genes associated with glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, the notch signaling pathway, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, and the B cell receptor signaling pathway. The decreased group exclusively consists of genes involved in heme biosynthesis, the p53 signaling pathway, and the hematopoietic cell lineage. Significant biological pathways and transcription factors expressed at each time point post-ablation were also identified. These data present the first temporal gene expression profiling analysis of the rat genome during intramembranous bone regeneration induced by femoral marrow ablation.
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Chaussabel D, Pascual V, Banchereau J. Assessing the human immune system through blood transcriptomics. BMC Biol 2010; 8:84. [PMID: 20619006 PMCID: PMC2895587 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-8-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood is the pipeline of the immune system. Assessing changes in transcript abundance in blood on a genome-wide scale affords a comprehensive view of the status of the immune system in health and disease. This review summarizes the work that has used this approach to identify therapeutic targets and biomarker signatures in the field of autoimmunity and infectious disease. Recent technological and methodological advances that will carry the blood transcriptome research field forward are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Chaussabel
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, 3434 Live Oak, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Virginia Pascual
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, 3434 Live Oak, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Jacques Banchereau
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, 3434 Live Oak, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
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