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Zhang S, Yang H, Xu Y, Wang S. Do we need reshape rTNM staging system for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence of breast cancer? A population-based, propensity score matched cohort study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 206:637-651. [PMID: 38727889 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07340-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to explore the role of recurrent TNM (rTNM) staging in predicting prognosis for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) and determine the optimal treatment strategy for IBTR. METHOD IBTR cases were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database spanning the years 2000-2018. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to examine factors associated with overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to match IBTR with primary early breast cancer (EBC) based on clinicopathological characteristics. Investigations into the impact of different therapies were also included. RESULTS Of the 4375 IBTR cases included in the study, the 5-year OS was 87.1%, 71.6% and 58.7% in rTNM stages I, II and III, respectively. After PSM, while IBTR patients had worse survival to primary EBC patients, prognosis of IBTR for different rTNM stage always closely aligned with the corresponding stage of primary EBC. Repeat breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with radiation therapy was equivalent to mastectomy with respect to OS and BCSS. Chemotherapy was favorable for OS and BCSS in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative IBTR or IBTR occurring within a 60-month interval. CONCLUSIONS rTNM staging system has an outstanding prognostic value for survival outcome of patients with IBTR, and IBTR and primary EBC may have potentially analogous features in the context of TNM staging. BCS plus radiation therapy may be an alternative. IBTR cases who have experienced recurrence with short intervals and with ER-negative tumors might benefit from chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Zhang
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Houpu Yang
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yaqian Xu
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Kubota K, Fujioka T, Tateishi U, Mori M, Yashima Y, Yamaga E, Katsuta L, Yamaguchi K, Tozaki M, Sasaki M, Uematsu T, Monzawa S, Isomoto I, Suzuki M, Satake H, Nakahara H, Goto M, Kikuchi M. Investigation of imaging features in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of benign and malignant breast lesions. Jpn J Radiol 2024; 42:720-730. [PMID: 38503998 PMCID: PMC11217097 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-024-01551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using gadobutrol for differentiating benign breast lesions from malignant ones. Moreover, this study sought to address the limitations of current imaging techniques and criteria based on the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). MATERIALS AND METHODS In a multicenter retrospective study conducted in Japan, 200 women were included, comprising 100 with benign lesions and 100 with malignant lesions, all classified under BI-RADS categories 3 and 4. The MRI protocol included 3D fast gradient echo T1- weighted images with fat suppression, with gadobutrol as the contrast agent. The analysis involved evaluating patient and lesion characteristics, including age, size, location, fibroglandular tissue, background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), signal intensity, and the findings of mass and non-mass enhancement. In this study, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, along with decision tree analysis, to identify significant predictors for the classification of lesions. RESULTS Differences in lesion characteristics were identified, which may influence malignancy risk. The multivariate logistic regression model revealed age, lesion location, shape, and signal intensity as significant predictors of malignancy. Decision tree analysis identified additional diagnostic factors, including lesion margin and BPE level. The decision tree models demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with the logistic regression model showing an area under the curve of 0.925 for masses and 0.829 for non-mass enhancements. CONCLUSION This study underscores the importance of integrating patient age, lesion location, and BPE level into the BI-RADS criteria to improve the differentiation between benign and malignant breast lesions. This approach could minimize unnecessary biopsies and enhance clinical decision-making in breast cancer diagnostics, highlighting the effectiveness of gadobutrol in breast MRI evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kubota
- Department of Radiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamiko-Shigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujioka
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
| | - Ukihide Tateishi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Mio Mori
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yuka Yashima
- Department of Radiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamiko-Shigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Emi Yamaga
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Leona Katsuta
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga City, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Tozaki
- Department of Radiology, Sagara Hospital, 3-31 Matsubara-Cho, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 892-0833, Japan
| | - Michiro Sasaki
- Department of Radiology, Sagara Hospital, 3-31 Matsubara-Cho, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 892-0833, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Uematsu
- Division of Breast Imaging and Breast Interventional Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Shuichi Monzawa
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakinohama-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe City, Hyogo, 651-0072, Japan
| | - Ichiro Isomoto
- Department of Radiology, St. Francis Hospital, 9-20, Kominemachi, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, 852-8125, Japan
| | - Mizuka Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan
| | - Hiroko Satake
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakahara
- Department of Radiology, Sagara Hospital Miyazaki, 2-112-1 Maruyama, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki, 880-0052, Japan
| | - Mariko Goto
- Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto City, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mari Kikuchi
- Department of Imaging Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
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Lozano FR, Rojo D, Martínez LC, Ramon C. PSF and MTF from a bar pattern in digital mammography. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:045051. [PMID: 38821042 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad5296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Background.The MTF has difficulties being determined (according to the provisions of the IEC standards) in the hospital setting due to the lack of resources.Purpose.The objective of this work is to propose a quantitative method for obtaining the point spread function (PSF) and the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a digital mammography system from an image of a bar pattern.Methods.The method is based on the measurement of the contrast transfer function (CTF) of the system over the image of the bar pattern. In addition, a theoretical model for thePSFis proposed, from which the theoreticalCTFof the system is obtained by means of convolution with a square wave (mathematical simulation of the bar pattern). Through an iterative process, the free parameters of thePSFmodel are varied until the experimentalCTFcoincides with the one calculated by convolution. Once thePSFof the system is obtained, we calculate theMTFby means of its Fourier transform. TheMTFcalculated from the modelPSFhave been compared with those calculated from an image of a 65μm diameter gold wire using an oversampling process.Results.TheCTFhas been calculated for three digital mammographic systems (DMS 1, DMS 2 and DMS 3), no differences of more than 5 % were found with the CTF obtained with the PSF model. The comparison of theMTFshows us the goodness of thePSFmodel.Conclusions.The proposed method for obtainingPSFandMTFis a simple and accessible method, which does not require a complex configuration or the use of phantoms that are difficult to access in the hospital world. In addition, it can be used to calculate other magnitudes of interest such as the normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) and the detection quantum efficiency (DQE).
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Lozano
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Rojo
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - L C Martínez
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Jakovljevic M, Deceuninck P, Pistollato F, Daskalopoulos E, Bernasconi C, Carausu F, Rosa M, Progri A, Makarieva M, Krstic K. Return on investment in science: twenty years of European Commission funded research in Alzheimer's dementia, breast cancer and prostate cancer. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2024; 22:51. [PMID: 38880873 PMCID: PMC11181594 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-024-00540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC) continue to be high in the research and innovation agenda of the European Commission (EC). This is due to their exceptionally large burden to the national health systems, the profound economic effects of opportunity costs attributable to decreased working ability, premature mortality and the ever-increasing demand for both hospital and home-based medical care. Over the last two decades, the EC has been steadily increasing both the number of proposals being funded and the amounts of financial resources being allocated to these fields of research. This trend has continued throughout four consecutive science funding cycles, namely framework programme (FP)5, FP6, FP7 and Horizon 2020 (H2020). We performed a retrospective assessment of the outputs and outcomes of EC funding in AD, BC and PC research over the 1999-2019 period by means of selected indicators. These indicators were assessed for their ability to screen the past, present and future for an array of causal relationships and long-term trends in clinical, epidemiological and public health sphere, while considering also the broader socioeconomic impact of funded research on the society at large. This analysis shows that public-private partnerships with large industry and university-based consortia have led to some of the most impactful proposals being funded over the analysed time period. New pharmaceuticals, small molecules and monoclonal antibodies alike, along with screening and prevention, have been the most prominent sources of innovation in BC and PC, extending patients' survival and enhancing their quality of life. Unlike oncology, dementia drug development has been way less successful, with only minor improvements related to the quality of supportive medical care for symptoms and more sensitive diagnostics, without any ground-breaking disease-modifying treatment(s). Significant progresses in imaging diagnostics and nanotechnology have been largely driven by the participation of medical device industry multinational companies. Clinical trials funded by the EC were conducted, leading to the development of brand-new drug molecules featuring novel mechanisms of action. Some prominent cases of breakthrough discoveries serve as evidence for the European capability to generate cutting-edge technological innovation in biomedicine. Less productive areas of research may be reconsidered as priorities when shaping the new agenda for forthcoming science funding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihajlo Jakovljevic
- UNESCO - The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Trieste, Italy.
- Shaanxi University of Technology, Hantai District, Hanzhong, 723099, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Global Health Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | | | - Francesca Pistollato
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
- Humane Society International, Europe, Av. Des Arts 50, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | | | - Florabela Carausu
- GOPA Worldwide Consultants GmbH, Hindenburgring 18, 61348, Bad Homburg Vor Der Höhe, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Kristijan Krstic
- Department of Global Health Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Clinic of Physiatrics and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Kim HY, Mullaert J, Tondreau A, Park B, Rouzier R. Development of a model to predict the age at breast cancer diagnosis in a global population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13845. [PMID: 38879675 PMCID: PMC11180172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowing the mean age at diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) in a country is important for setting up an efficient BC screening program. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a model to predict the mean age at diagnosis of BC at the country level. To develop the model, we used the CI5plus database from the IARC, which contains incidence data for 122 selected populations for a minimum of 15 consecutive years from 1993 to 2012 and data from the World Bank. The standard model was fitted with a generalized linear model with the age of the population, growth domestic product per capita (GDPPC) and fertility rate as fixed effects and continent as a random effect. The model was validated in registries of the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents that are not included in the CI5plus database (1st validation set: 1950-2012) and in the most recently released volume (2nd validation set: 2013-2017). The intercept of the model was 30.9 (27.8-34.1), and the regression coefficients for population age, GDPPC and fertility rate were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.53-0.58, p < 0.001), 0.46 (95% CI: 0.26-0.67, p < 0.001) and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.42-1.88, p < 0.001), respectively. The marginal R2 and conditional R2 were 0.22 and 0.81, respectively, suggesting that 81% percent of the variance in the mean age at diagnosis of BC was explained by the variance in population age, GDPPC and fertility rate through linear relationships. The model was highly accurate, as the correlations between the predicted age from the model and the observed mean age at diagnosis of BC were 0.64 and 0.89, respectively, and the mean relative error percentage errors were 5.2 and 3.1% for the 1st and 2nd validation sets, respectively. We developed a robust model based on population age and continent to predict the mean age at diagnosis of BC in populations. This tool could be used to implement BC screening in countries without prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Young Kim
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U900, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Jimmy Mullaert
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U900, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Ambre Tondreau
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U900, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Roman Rouzier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U900, Saint Cloud, France.
- Department of Surgery, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.
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Kühl J, Elhakim MT, Stougaard SW, Rasmussen BSB, Nielsen M, Gerke O, Larsen LB, Graumann O. Population-wide evaluation of artificial intelligence and radiologist assessment of screening mammograms. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:3935-3946. [PMID: 37938386 PMCID: PMC11166831 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To validate an AI system for standalone breast cancer detection on an entire screening population in comparison to first-reading breast radiologists. MATERIALS AND METHODS All mammography screenings performed between August 4, 2014, and August 15, 2018, in the Region of Southern Denmark with follow-up within 24 months were eligible. Screenings were assessed as normal or abnormal by breast radiologists through double reading with arbitration. For an AI decision of normal or abnormal, two AI-score cut-off points were applied by matching at mean sensitivity (AIsens) and specificity (AIspec) of first readers. Accuracy measures were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and recall rate (RR). RESULTS The sample included 249,402 screenings (149,495 women) and 2033 breast cancers (72.6% screen-detected cancers, 27.4% interval cancers). AIsens had lower specificity (97.5% vs 97.7%; p < 0.0001) and PPV (17.5% vs 18.7%; p = 0.01) and a higher RR (3.0% vs 2.8%; p < 0.0001) than first readers. AIspec was comparable to first readers in terms of all accuracy measures. Both AIsens and AIspec detected significantly fewer screen-detected cancers (1166 (AIsens), 1156 (AIspec) vs 1252; p < 0.0001) but found more interval cancers compared to first readers (126 (AIsens), 117 (AIspec) vs 39; p < 0.0001) with varying types of cancers detected across multiple subgroups. CONCLUSION Standalone AI can detect breast cancer at an accuracy level equivalent to the standard of first readers when the AI threshold point was matched at first reader specificity. However, AI and first readers detected a different composition of cancers. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Replacing first readers with AI with an appropriate cut-off score could be feasible. AI-detected cancers not detected by radiologists suggest a potential increase in the number of cancers detected if AI is implemented to support double reading within screening, although the clinicopathological characteristics of detected cancers would not change significantly. KEY POINTS • Standalone AI cancer detection was compared to first readers in a double-read mammography screening population. • Standalone AI matched at first reader specificity showed no statistically significant difference in overall accuracy but detected different cancers. • With an appropriate threshold, AI-integrated screening can increase the number of detected cancers with similar clinicopathological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Kühl
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Kløvervænget 10, 2ndfloor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Talal Elhakim
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Kløvervænget 10, 2ndfloor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
- Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 47, Ground Floor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Sarah Wordenskjold Stougaard
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Kløvervænget 10, 2ndfloor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Schnack Brandt Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Kløvervænget 10, 2ndfloor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 47, Ground Floor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- CAI-X - Centre for Clinical Artificial Intelligence, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 8C, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mads Nielsen
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oke Gerke
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Kløvervænget 10, 2ndfloor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 47, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lisbet Brønsro Larsen
- Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 47, Ground Floor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Ole Graumann
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Kløvervænget 10, 2ndfloor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Sonola O. Re: "Diagnostic Delays in Breast Cancer Among Young Women: An Emphasis on Healthcare Providers" by Costa et al. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:e203. [PMID: 38403497 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Omobolade Sonola
- Peterborough City Hospital, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough, England.
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Chen L, Wei W, Sun J, Sun B, Deng R. Cordycepin enhances anti-tumor immunity in breast cancer by enhanceing ALB expression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29903. [PMID: 38720766 PMCID: PMC11076851 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The treatment of breast cancer still faces great challenges, and it is necessary to continuously explore effective drugs and targets to promote immune precision medicine. This study aims to investigate the immune-related regulatory mechanism of cordycepin in breast cancer. Methods Network pharmacology was employed to discovery the action of cordyceps on breast cancer targets, molecular docking was employed to analyze the interaction pattern between core components and targets, and biological information analysis was used to explore the target-related immune mechanism and verified in vitro experiments. Results The results of this study indicate that cordycepin can effectively inhibit breast cancer. The roles of cordycepin's active component and its target gene ALB were elucidated through the combined use of network pharmacology and molecular docking. Bioinformatics analysis revealed convincing associations between ALB and many immune pathway marker genes. ALB was inhibited in tumor expression, and cordycepin was found to enhance the expression of ALB in vitro to play an anti-tumor role. Conclusion Cordycepin regulates immune suppression of tumor, which is expected to open a new chapter of breast cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Weihao Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Rong Deng
- The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
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Sarf EA, Dyachenko EI, Bel’skaya LV. Salivary Tryptophan as a Metabolic Marker of HER2-Negative Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer. Metabolites 2024; 14:247. [PMID: 38786723 PMCID: PMC11123106 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Changes in the concentration of tryptophan (Trp) indicate a serious metabolic restructuring, which is both a cause and a consequence of many diseases. This work examines the upward change in salivary Trp concentrations among patients with breast cancer. This study involved volunteers divided into three groups: breast cancer (n = 104), non-malignant breast pathologies (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 20). In all participants, before treatment, the quantitative content of Trp in saliva was determined by capillary electrophoresis. In 20 patients with breast cancer, Trp was re-tested four weeks after surgical removal of the tumor. An increase in the Trp content in saliva in breast cancer has been shown, which statistically significantly decreases after surgical removal of the tumor. A direct correlation was found between increased Trp levels with the degree of malignancy and aggressive molecular subtypes of breast cancer, namely triple negative and luminal B-like HER2-negative. These conclusions were based on an increase in Ki-67 and an increase in Trp in HER2-negative and progesterone-negative subtypes. Factors under which an increase in Trp concentration in saliva was observed were identified: advanced stage of breast cancer, the presence of regional metastasis, low tumor differentiation, a lack of expression of HER2, estrogen and progesterone receptors and the high proliferative activity of the tumor. Thus, the determination of salivary Trp may be a valuable tool in the study of metabolic changes associated with cancer, particularly breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.I.D.)
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10
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Liang C, Wang P, Li M, Li R, Lai KP, Chen J. Anti-cancer mechanisms of natural isoflavones against melanoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28616. [PMID: 38586368 PMCID: PMC10998210 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of skin-related neoplasms has generally increased in recent years. Melanoma arises from malignant mutations in melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis and is a fatal skin cancer that seriously threatens human health. Isoflavones are polyphenolic compounds widely present in legumes and have drawn scientists' attention, because they have good efficacy against a variety of cancers, including melanoma, without significant toxic side effects and resistance. In this review article, we summarize the research progress of isoflavones in melanoma, including anti-melanoma roles and mechanisms of isoflavones via inhibition of tyrosinase activity, melanogenesis, melanoma cell growth, invasion of melanoma cells, and induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells. This information is important for the prevention, clinical treatment, and prognosis and survival of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Mengzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
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11
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Rothberg A, Lean M, Laferrère B. Remission of type 2 diabetes: always more questions, but enough answers for action. Diabetologia 2024; 67:602-610. [PMID: 38189935 PMCID: PMC10904507 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The concept of type 2 diabetes remission is evolving rapidly, and gaining wide public and professional interest, following demonstration that with substantial intentional weight loss almost nine in ten people with type 2 diabetes can reduce their HbA1c level below the diagnostic criterion (48 mmol/mol [6.5%]) without glucose-lowering medications, and improve all features of the metabolic syndrome. Pursuing nomoglycaemia with older drugs was dangerous because of the risk of side effects and hypoglycaemia, so the conventional treatment target was an HbA1c concentration of 53 mmol/mol (7%), meaning that diabetes was still present and allowing disease progression. Newer agents may achieve a normal HbA1c safely and, by analogy with treatments that send cancers or inflammatory diseases into remission, this might also be considered remission. However, although modern glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and related medications are highly effective for weight loss and glycaemic improvement, and generally safe, many people do not want to take drugs indefinitely, and their cost means that they are not available across much of the world. Therefore, there are strong reasons to explore and research dietary approaches for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. All interventions that achieve sustained weight loss of >10-15 kg improve HbA1c, potentially resulting in remission if sufficient beta cell capacity can be preserved or restored, which occurs with loss of the ectopic fat in liver and pancreas that is found with type 2 diabetes. Remission is most likely with type 2 diabetes of short duration, lower HbA1c and a low requirement for glucose-lowering medications. Relapse is likely with weight regain and among those with a poor beta cell reserve. On current evidence, effective weight management should be provided to all people with type 2 diabetes as soon as possible after diagnosis (or even earlier, at the stage of prediabetes, defined in Europe, Australasia, Canada [and most of the world] as ≥42 and <48 mmol/mol [≥6.0 and <6.5%], and in the USA as HbA1c ≥39 and <48 mmol/mol [≥5.7 and <6.5%]). Raising awareness among people with type 2 diabetes and their healthcare providers that remission is possible will enable earlier intervention. Weight loss of >10 kg and remission lasting 1-2 years may also delay vascular complications, although more evidence is needed. The greatest challenge for research is to improve long-term weight loss maintenance, defining cost-effective approaches tailored to the preferences and needs of people living with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Rothberg
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Lean
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Blandine Laferrère
- Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Du Y, Wang D, Liu M, Zhang X, Ren W, Sun J, Yin C, Yang S, Zhang L. Study on the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions using a deep learning model based on multimodal images. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:625-632. [PMID: 38687933 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1796_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a multimodal model for distinguishing benign and malignant breast lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data, mammography, and MRI images (including T2WI, diffusion-weighted images (DWI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and DCE-MRI images) of 132 benign and breast cancer patients were analyzed retrospectively. The region of interest (ROI) in each image was marked and segmented using MATLAB software. The mammography, T2WI, DWI, ADC, and DCE-MRI models based on the ResNet34 network were trained. Using an integrated learning method, the five models were used as a basic model, and voting methods were used to construct a multimodal model. The dataset was divided into a training set and a prediction set. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the model were calculated. The diagnostic efficacy of each model was analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and an area under the curve (AUC). The diagnostic value was determined by the DeLong test with statistically significant differences set at P < 0.05. RESULTS We evaluated the ability of the model to classify benign and malignant tumors using the test set. The AUC values of the multimodal model, mammography model, T2WI model, DWI model, ADC model and DCE-MRI model were 0.943, 0.645, 0.595, 0.905, 0.900, and 0.865, respectively. The diagnostic ability of the multimodal model was significantly higher compared with that of the mammography and T2WI models. However, compared with the DWI, ADC, and DCE-MRI models, there was no significant difference in the diagnostic ability of these models. CONCLUSION Our deep learning model based on multimodal image training has practical value for the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Du
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Health Management Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Menghan Liu
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Postgraduate Department, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wanqing Ren
- Postgraduate Department, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingxiang Sun
- Postgraduate Department, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Taocun Central Hospital, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
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13
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Dey S, Mondal A, Aash A, Mukherjee R, Kolay S, Murmu N, Murmu N, Giri B, Molla MR. Poly-β-thioester-Based Cross-Linked Nanocarrier for Cancer Cell Selectivity over Normal Cells and Cellular Apoptosis by Triggered Release of Parthenolide, an Anticancer Drug. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1214-1228. [PMID: 38326023 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent and aggressive type of cancer, causing high mortality rates in women globally. Many drawbacks and side effects of the current chemotherapy force us to develop a robust chemotherapeutic system that can deal with off-target hazards and selectively combat cancer growth, invasiveness, and cancer-initiating cells. Here, a pH-responsive cross-linked nanocarrier (140-160 nm) endowed with poly-β-thioester functionality (CBAPTL) has been sketched and fabricated for noncovalent firm encapsulation of anticancer drug, parthenolide (PTL) at physiological pH (7.4), which enables sustain release of PTL at relevant endosomal pH (∼5.0-5.3). For this, a bolaamphiphilic molecule integrated with β-thioester and acrylate functionality was synthesized to fabricate the pH-responsive poly-β-thioester-based cross-linked nanocarrier via Michael addition click reactions in water. The poly-β-thioester functionality of CBAPTL hydrolyzes at endosomal acidic conditions, thus leading to the selective release of PTL inside the cancer cell. Cross-linked nanocarriers exhibit high serum stability, dilution insensitivity, and targeted cellular uptake at tumor microenvironment (TME), contrasting normal cells. In vitro study using human MCF-7 breast cancer cells demonstrated that CBAPTL exhibited selective cytotoxicity, reduced clonogenic potential, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and arrested the progression of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase efficiently. CBAPTL induced apoptosis via downregulating pro-proliferative protein Bcl-2 and upregulating proapoptotic proteins p53, BAD, p21, and cleaved PARP-1. CBAPTL inhibited proliferating signaling by suppressing AKT phosphorylation and p38 expression. CBAPTL also blocked the invasion and migration of MCF-7 cells. CBAPTL effectively inhibits primary and secondary mammosphere formation, thereby preventing cancer-initiating cells' growth. Conversely, CBAPTL has negligible effect on human red blood cells (RBCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). These findings highlight the superior efficacy of CBAPTL compared to PTL alone in suppressing cancer cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and preventing invasiveness of MCF-7 cells. Thus, CBAPTL could be considered a possible selective chemotherapeutic cargo against breast cancer without affecting normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sananda Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Arun Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Asmita Aash
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Rimi Mukherjee
- Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumya Kolay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Nensina Murmu
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Nabendu Murmu
- Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Biplab Giri
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
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14
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Han E(F, Srinivasa S, Gurney J, Koea J. Cancer Screening Services: What Do Indigenous Communities Want? A Systematic Review. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300035. [PMID: 38359371 PMCID: PMC10881110 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Indigenous communities experience worse cancer outcomes compared with the general population partly because of lower cancer screening access. One-size-fits-all screening programs are unsuitable for reaching Indigenous communities. In this review, we summarize available evidence on the perspectives of these communities; with a view to informing the improvement of cancer screening services to achieve equitable access. METHODS We undertook a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using the databases MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The search terms used were "Indigenous community or Indigenous communities," "cancer screening," and "facilitators, enablers, desires, or needs." Qualitative studies published up to the August 30, 2022 investigating the perspectives of Indigenous communities on factors encouraging screening participation were included in the study. The included studies were reviewed and analyzed inductively by two independent reviewers, and key themes regarding indigenous access to cancer screening were then extracted. RESULTS A total of 204 unique articles were identified from the search. The title and abstracts of these studies were screened, and 164 were excluded on the basis of the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The full texts of the remaining 40 studies were examined and 18 were included in the review. Four key themes were identified pertaining to culturally tailored education and information dissemination, community involvement, positive relationships with health care providers, and individual empowerment and autonomy. CONCLUSION Improvements, on the basis of the key themes identified from this review, must be made at all levels of the health care system to achieve equitable screening participation in Indigenous communities. However, we recommend an investigation into the perspectives of the local Indigenous communities before the initiation of cancer screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanket Srinivasa
- Department of Surgery, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jason Gurney
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Koea
- Department of Surgery, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Te Kupenga Hauora Māori, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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15
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Delacôte C, Ariza JM, Delacour-Billon S, Ayrault-Piault S, Borghi G, Menanteau K, Bouron A, Métais M, Cowppli-Bony A, Molinié F. Socioeconomic and geographic disparities of breast cancer incidence according to stage at diagnosis in France. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:241-251. [PMID: 37697113 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low socioeconomic background (SB) has been associated with lower breast cancer (BC) incidence and higher BC mortality. One explanation of this paradox is the higher frequency of advanced BC observed in deprived women. However, it is still unclear if SB affects similarly BC incidence. This study investigated the link between SB and early/advanced BC incidence from Loire-Atlantique/Vendee Cancer registry data (France). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen thousand three hundred fifty three women living in the geographic area covered by the registry and diagnosed with a primary BC in 2008-2015 were included. SB was approached by a combination of two ecological indexes (French European Deprivation Index and urban/rural residence place). Mixed effects logistic and Poisson regressions were used, respectively, to estimate the odds of advanced (stage ≥ II) BC and the ratio of incidence rates of early (stage 0-I) and advanced BC according to SB, overall and by age group (< 50, 50-74, ≥ 75). RESULTS Compared to women living in affluent-urban areas, women living in deprived-urban and deprived-rural areas had a higher proportion of advanced BC [respectively, OR = 1.11 (1.01-1.22), OR = 1.60 (1.25-2.06)] and lower overall (from - 6 to - 15%) and early (from - 9 to - 31%) BC incidences rates Advanced BC incidence rates were not influenced by SB. These patterns were similar in women under 75 years, especially in women living in deprived-rural areas. In the elderly, no association between SB and BC frequency/incidence rates by stage was found. CONCLUSION Although advanced BC was more frequent in women living in deprived and rural areas, SB did not influence advanced BC incidence. Therefore, differences observed in overall BC incidence according to SB were only due to higher incidence of early BC in affluent and urban areas. Future research should confirm these results in other French areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Delacôte
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France.
- SIRIC ILIAD INCa-DGOS-Inserm_12558, Nantes, France.
| | - Juan Manuel Ariza
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD INCa-DGOS-Inserm_12558, Nantes, France
| | - Solenne Delacour-Billon
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
- French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM), Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Ayrault-Piault
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
- French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM), Toulouse, France
| | - Giulio Borghi
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
| | - Katia Menanteau
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
| | - Aurélie Bouron
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Métais
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Cowppli-Bony
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD INCa-DGOS-Inserm_12558, Nantes, France
- French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM), Toulouse, France
- Equipe Constitutive du CERPOP, UMR 1295, Inserm, Equipe EQUITY, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Molinié
- Registre des Cancers de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD INCa-DGOS-Inserm_12558, Nantes, France
- French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM), Toulouse, France
- Equipe Constitutive du CERPOP, UMR 1295, Inserm, Equipe EQUITY, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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16
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Gona P, Gona C, Ballout S, Mapoma C, Rao S, Mokdad A. Trends in the burden of most common obesity-related cancers in 16 Southern Africa development community countries, 1990-2019. Findings from the global burden of disease study. Obes Sci Pract 2024; 10:e715. [PMID: 38264007 PMCID: PMC10804346 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity-related cancers in the 16 Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries is quite prominent. The changes and time trends of the burden of obesity-related cancers in developing countries like SADC remain largely unknown. A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to assess the burden of obesity-related cancers, (liver, esophageal, breast, prostate, colon/rectal, leukemia, ovarian, uterine, pancreatic, kidney, gallbladder/biliary tract, and thyroid cancers) in SADC countries. Methods Data from the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases Study was used. Deaths extracted from vital registration, verbal autopsies and ICD codes. Cancer-type, mortality and prevalence per 100,000 population and 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and Spatio-Temporal Gaussian process with mixed effects regression models. Annual rates of change (AROCs) between 1990 and 2019 and the corresponding UIs were calculated. Results The top age-standardized mortality rates per 100,000 in 2019 for males were leukemia, 20.1(14.4-26.4), esophageal cancer, 15.1 (11.2-19.1), and colon and rectal cancer, 10.3 (8.6-12.6). For females, breast cancer, 20.6 (16.6-25.0), leukemia, 17.1 (11.4-23.7), and esophageal cancer, 8.3 (5.5-10.7), had the leading mortality rates. For males, AROC substantial (p < 0.05) increase for kidney cancer for 11 of the countries (AROC from 0.41% to 1.24%), colon cancer for eight of the countries (from 0.39% to 0.92%), and pancreatic cancer for seven countries (from 0.26% to 1.01%). In females, AROC showed substantial increase for pancreatic cancer for 13 of the countries from (0.34%-1.67%), nine countries for kidney cancer (from 0.27% to 1.02%), seven countries each for breast cancer (0.35%-1.13%), and ovarian cancer (from 0.33% to 1.21%). Conclusions There is need for location-specific and culturally appropriate strategies for better nutrition and weight control, and improved screening for all cancers. Health promotion messaging should target kidney, colon, pancreatic, and breast cancers and encourage clinically tested methods of reducing BMI such as increasing personal physical activity and adoption of effective dietary regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philimon Gona
- University of Massachusetts BostonBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Clara Gona
- MGH Institute for Health ProfessionsSchool of NursingBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Suha Ballout
- University of Massachusetts BostonBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Sowmya Rao
- Boston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ali Mokdad
- University of Washington Medical SchoolSeattleWashingtonUSA
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17
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Bosompem K, Yorke J, Buckman TA, Brenu SG, Nyantakyi M, Aitpillah FSK, Kyei I, Adinku MO, Yorke DA, Obirikorang C, Acheampong E. Comparative analysis of breast cancer characteristics in young premenopausal and postmenopausal women in Ghana. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2704. [PMID: 38302488 PMCID: PMC10834954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52129-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is increasingly common among young women in Ghana. BCa is heterogeneous with unique traits that impact causes, prognostic, and predictive outcomes of patients before and after menopause. However, limited evidence exists on differences between young premenopausal (YPM) and postmenopausal cases in Ghana. This study compared breast tumour characteristics between YPM women (under 35 years) and postmenopausal women. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study involving 140 BCa-diagnosed women at the Breast Care Clinic of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi from November 2019 to June 2021. Thirty-one (22.1%) of participants were YPM and 109 (77.9%) were postmenopausal. The median ages for YPM and postmenopausal were 32.0 (range: 25.0-35.0) and 57.0 (48.0-86.0) respectively. Invasive carcinoma was the most common histological type (97.1%). Left tumour location was the most frequent in both groups (51.6% for YPM and 51.8% for postmenopausal). Lumps detected were frequently in the outer upper quadrant in both groups (61.3% and 56.0%). The majority of the YPM women (80.7%) and postmenopausal women (87.0%) had stage III and IV diseases. Most YPM (64.5%) and postmenopausal women (64.4%) exhibited triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Both YPM 13 (56.6%) and postmenopausal participants 40 (56.3%) exhibited a predominantly partial response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy but YPM women (21.7%) experienced disease progression than the postmenopausal women (12.7%). The study highlights consistent tumour characteristics and advanced clinical stages at diagnosis in both groups with a higher prevalence of TNBC. TNBC and HER2+ subtypes respond better to Anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Establishing Breast Care Clinics in district and regional hospitals for early detection is crucial and further studies are warranted to understand the higher TNBC prevalence in black Africans and re-evaluate breast education programs to address the persistently late presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley Bosompem
- Directorate of Surgery, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Joseph Yorke
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | | | - Michael Nyantakyi
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Francis Somiah-Kwaw Aitpillah
- Directorate of Surgery, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ishmael Kyei
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | | | - Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Acheampong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetic and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
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Buschmann L, Wellmann I, Bonberg N, Wellmann J, Hense HW, Karch A, Minnerup H. Isolating the effect of confounding from the observed survival benefit of screening participants - a methodological approach illustrated by data from the German mammography screening programme. BMC Med 2024; 22:43. [PMID: 38287392 PMCID: PMC10826012 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammography screening programmes (MSP) aim to reduce breast cancer mortality by shifting diagnoses to earlier stages. However, it is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of current MSP because analyses can only rely on observational data, comparing women who participate in screening with women who do not. These comparisons are subject to several biases: one of the most important is self-selection into the MSP, which introduces confounding and is difficult to control for. Here, we propose an approach to quantify confounding based on breast cancer survival analyses using readily available routine data sources. METHODS Using data from the Cancer Registry of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, we estimate the relative contribution of confounding to the observed survival benefit of participants of the German MSP. This is accomplished by comparing non-participants, participants with screen-detected and participants with interval breast cancers for the endpoints "death from breast cancer" and "death from all causes other than breast cancer" - the latter being assumed to be unrelated to any MSP effect. By using different contrasts, we eliminate the effects of stage shift, lead and length time bias. The association of breast cancer detection mode with survival is analysed using Cox models in 68,230 women, aged 50-69 years, with breast cancer diagnosed in 2006-2014 and followed up until 2018. RESULTS The hazard of dying from breast cancer was lower in participants with screen-detected cancer than in non-participants (HR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.20-0.22), but biased by lead and length time bias, and confounding. When comparing participants with interval cancers and non-participants, the survival advantage was considerably smaller (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.58-0.66), due to the elimination of stage shift and lead time bias. Finally, considering only mortality from causes other than breast cancer in the latter comparison, length time bias was minimised, but a survival advantage was still present (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.56-0.70), which we attribute to confounding. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that, in addition to stage shift, lead and length time bias, confounding is an essential component when comparing the survival of MSP participants and non-participants. We further show that the confounding effect can be quantified without explicit knowledge of potential confounders by using a negative control outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Buschmann
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Ina Wellmann
- Cancer Registry of North Rhine-Westphalia, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nadine Bonberg
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wellmann
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Hense
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - André Karch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heike Minnerup
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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19
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Zhang Q, Chen J, Fang K, Liu Q, Zhang P, Bai J, Zhang C. Psychological experiences of family caregivers of patients with breast cancer: Protocol for a meta-synthesis. Nurs Open 2024; 11:e2064. [PMID: 38268260 PMCID: PMC10701291 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The number of breast cancer patients is increasing, but there are insufficient sources of information for their family caregivers. The purpose of this systematic review was to elaborate the psychologically realistic experiences and corresponding needs of family members of patients with breast cancer in the course of their experience in the disease which may provide them with effective, targeted intervention strategies to improve their quality of life. DESIGN Protocol for a meta-synthesis. METHODS We will search the Chinese databases (i.e., China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database and Wanfang Database) and the English databases (i.e., PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PsycINFO). Qualitative studies from the above databases, studying the psychological experiences of family members of patients with breast cancer, will be searched comprehensively. The quality of the study will be evaluated by two reviewers independently using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools for qualitative study, and any disagreements will be discussed and judged by the third reviewer. Data will be extracted using JBI standardized data extraction tool. Then, the literature will be compared and analysed, and the raw results summarized using the JBI meta-aggregation tool. The reliability and credibility of the overall quality of the included studies will be assessed by using the JBI ConQual approach. RESULTS N/A. No Patient or Public Contribution. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER REDACTED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianfei Chen
- School of NursingWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina
| | - Kui Fang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Thyroid and Breast SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of NursingEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Nursing DepartmentZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
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Warming N, Toft G, Birk-Sørensen L, Bønnelykke-Behrndtz L. Intra-abdominal pressure increases peri-operatively in patients undergoing deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction: A prospective study linking high intra-abdominal pressure to non-fatal lung embolism within one patient. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 88:235-242. [PMID: 37995521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is the gold standard for autologous breast reconstruction. The procedure and peri-operative period are associated with the risk of severe post-operative complications, like venous thromboembolic events (VTE) and lung embolism. Whether the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) increases after the closure of the abdominal defect, thereby potentially affecting the venous backflow and the risk of VTE, is currently not known. AIM The primary aim is to test if the closure of the abdominal donor site increases the IAP in women undergoing secondary DIEP flap breast reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHOD By using a Unometer, we measured the intravesical pressure as a surrogate marker for the IAP, at baseline, immediately after, and 24 h after abdominal skin closure, for 13 patients. RESULTS The mean IAP increased from 6.1 mmHg (95% CI 4.6-7.7) at baseline to 9.0 mmHg (95% CI 8.0-10.0) immediately after skin closure [mean diff. 2.9 (95% CI 1.0-4.8) (p = 0.007)] and further up to 11.7 mmHg (95% CI 9.0-14.5) 24 h after closure [mean diff. 5.3 (95% CI 1.4-9.1) (p = 0.012)]. We found that IAP varies among the patients, regardless of the tightness of abdominal closure or rectus plication (n = 3). Immediately after closure, none of the isolated patients showed abnormal levels of IAP (>12 mmHg), while eight out of 12 isolated patients (67%) showed IAP levels above the normal range after 24 h. One patient developed a non-fatal lung embolism. CONCLUSION The mean IAP increases significantly over the post-operative period after DIEP flap reconstruction, although abnormal IAP values are only seen 24 h after the closure of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Warming
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Gete Toft
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Lene Birk-Sørensen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
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21
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Lakkis NA, Abdallah RM, Musharrafieh UM, Issa HG, Osman MH. Epidemiology of Breast, Corpus Uteri, and Ovarian Cancers in Lebanon With Emphasis on Breast Cancer Incidence Trends and Risk Factors Compared to Regional and Global Rates. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241236266. [PMID: 38419342 PMCID: PMC10903209 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241236266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores the incidence and trends of breast (Bca), corpus uteri (CUca), and ovarian (Oca) cancer in Lebanon, a Middle Eastern country. It compares the Bca rates to regional and global ones and discusses Bca risk factors in Lebanon. INTRODUCTION Globally, Bca is the premier cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in women. METHODS Data on female Bca, CUca, and Oca published by the Lebanese national cancer registry were obtained (ie, for the years of 2005 to 2016). The age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRw) and age-specific rates per 100,000 female population were computed. RESULTS From 2005 to 2016, Bca, Oca, and CUca ranked first, sixth, and seventh, respectively, for cancer incidence among women in Lebanon. Bca alone accounted for 39.4% of all new female cancer cases. The ASIRw increased significantly for Bca and CUca (APC: 3.60 and 3.73, P < .05) but not for Oca (APC: 1.27, P > .05). The Bca ASIRw (per 100,000) increased significantly from 71.0 in 2005 to 115.6 in 2013 (P < .05), then decreased steadily but non-significantly to reach 96.8 in 2016 (P > .05). Lebanon's Bca ASIRw is comparable to developed countries. This may reflect altered sociological and reproductive patterns as the country transitions from regional to global trends. The five-year age-specific rates analysis revealed that Bca rates rose steeply from 35-39 to 50-54, dropped slightly between 55 and 64, then rose till 75+. The five-year age-specific rates between 35 and 54 among Lebanese women were amongst the highest worldwide from 2008 to 2012, even higher than the rates in Belgium, which had the highest ASIRw of Bca worldwide in 2020. CONCLUSION Lebanon's Bca ASIRw is among the highest globally. It's important to investigate the contributing factors and develop a national Bca control strategy. This study supports the national recommendation in initiating Bca screening at age 40 for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla A. Lakkis
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem M. Abdallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Umayya M. Musharrafieh
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hanane G. Issa
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mona H. Osman
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
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22
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Zaki RM, Alkharashi LA, Sarhan OM, Almurshedi AS, Aldosari BN, Said M. Box Behnken optimization of cubosomes for enhancing the anticancer activity of metformin: Design, characterization, and in-vitro cell proliferation assay on MDA-MB-231 breast and LOVO colon cancer cell lines. Int J Pharm X 2023; 6:100208. [PMID: 37680878 PMCID: PMC10480553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to formulate and statistically optimize cubosomal formulations of metformin (MTF) to enhance its breast anticancer activity. A Box Behnken design was employed using Design-Expert® software. The formulation variables were glyceryl monooleate concentration (GMO) w/w%, Pluronic F-127 concentration (PF127) w/w% and Tween 80 concentration w/w% whereas Entrapment efficiency (EE%), Vesicles' size (VS) and Zeta potential (ZP) were set as the dependent responses. The design expert software was used to perform the process of optimization numerically. X ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), in-vitro release study, short-term stability study, and in in-vitro cell proliferation assay on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and LOVO cancer cell lines were used to validate the optimized cubosomal formulation. The optimized formulation had a composition of 4.35616 (w/w%) GMO, 5 (w/w%) PF127 and 7.444E-6 (w/w%) Tween 80 with a desirability of 0.733. The predicted values for EE%, VS and ZP were 78.0592%, 307.273 nm and - 26.8275 mV, respectively. The validation process carried out on the optimized formula revealed that there were less than a 5% variance from the predicted responses. The XRD thermograms showed that MTF was encapsulated inside the cubosomal vesicles. TEM images of the optimized MTF cubosomal formulation showed spherical non-aggregated nanovesicles. Moreover, it revealed a sustained release profile of MTF in comparison to the MTF solution. Stability studies indicated that optimum cubosomal formulation was stable for thirty days. Cytotoxicity of the optimized cubosomal formulation was enhanced on the MDA-MB-231 breast and LOVO cancer cell lines compared to MTF solution even at lower concentrations. However, it showed superior cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell line. So, cubosomes could be considered a promising carrier of MTF to treat breast and colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62514, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Layla A. Alkharashi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omnia M. Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alanood S. Almurshedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah Nasser Aldosari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayada Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Eftekharian M, Nodehi A, Enayatifar R. ML-DSTnet: A Novel Hybrid Model for Breast Cancer Diagnosis Improvement Based on Image Processing Using Machine Learning and Dempster-Shafer Theory. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2023:7510419. [PMID: 37954096 PMCID: PMC10635746 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7510419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Medical intelligence detection systems have changed with the help of artificial intelligence and have also faced challenges. Breast cancer diagnosis and classification are part of this medical intelligence system. Early detection can lead to an increase in treatment options. On the other hand, uncertainty is a case that has always been with the decision-maker. The system's parameters cannot be accurately estimated, and the wrong decision is made. To solve this problem, we have proposed a method in this article that reduces the ignorance of the problem with the help of Dempster-Shafer theory so that we can make a better decision. This research on the MIAS dataset, based on image processing machine learning and Dempster-Shafer mathematical theory, tries to improve the diagnosis and classification of benign, malignant masses. We first determine the results of the diagnosis of mass type with MLP by using the texture feature and CNN. We combine the results of the two classifications with Dempster-Shafer theory and improve its accuracy. The obtained results show that the proposed approach has better performance than others based on evaluation criteria such as accuracy of 99.10%, sensitivity of 98.4%, and specificity of 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Eftekharian
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Nodehi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Rasul Enayatifar
- Department of Computer Engineering, Firoozkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh, Iran
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24
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Ding YD, Shu LZ, He RS, Chen KY, Deng YJ, Zhou ZB, Xiong Y, Deng H. Listeria monocytogenes: a promising vector for tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1278011. [PMID: 37868979 PMCID: PMC10587691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer receives enduring international attention due to its extremely high morbidity and mortality. Immunotherapy, which is generally expected to overcome the limits of traditional treatments, serves as a promising direction for patients with recurrent or metastatic malignancies. Bacteria-based vectors such as Listeria monocytogenes take advantage of their unique characteristics, including preferential infection of host antigen presenting cells, intracellular growth within immune cells, and intercellular dissemination, to further improve the efficacy and minimize off-target effects of tailed immune treatments. Listeria monocytogenes can reshape the tumor microenvironment to bolster the anti-tumor effects both through the enhancement of T cells activity and a decrease in the frequency and population of immunosuppressive cells. Modified Listeria monocytogenes has been employed as a tool to elicit immune responses against different tumor cells. Currently, Listeria monocytogenes vaccine alone is insufficient to treat all patients effectively, which can be addressed if combined with other treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, reactivated adoptive cell therapy, and radiotherapy. This review summarizes the recent advances in the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of Listeria monocytogenes vaccine in anti-tumor immunity, and discusses the most concerned issues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Dan Ding
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin-Zhen Shu
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui-Shan He
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kai-Yun Chen
- Office of Clinical Trials Administration, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan-Juan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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25
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Chaudhary LN, Jorns JM, Sun Y, Cheng YC, Kamaraju S, Burfeind J, Gonyo MB, Kong AL, Patten C, Yen T, Cortina CS, Carson E, Johnson N, Bergom C, Tsaih SW, Banerjee A, Wang Y, Chervoneva I, Weil E, Chitambar CR, Rui H. Frequent upregulation of HER2 protein in hormone-receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer after short-term neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 201:387-396. [PMID: 37460683 PMCID: PMC10795510 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine resistant metastatic disease develops in ~ 20-25% of hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) patients despite endocrine therapy (ET) use. Upregulation of HER family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) represent escape mechanisms in response to ET in some HR+ tumors. Short-term neoadjuvant ET (NET) offers the opportunity to identify early endocrine escape mechanisms initiated in individual tumors. METHODS This was a single arm, interventional phase II clinical trial evaluating 4 weeks (± 1 week) of NET in patients with early-stage HR+/HER2-negative (HER2-) BC. The primary objective was to assess NET-induced changes in HER1-4 proteins by immunohistochemistry (IHC) score. Protein upregulation was defined as an increase of ≥ 1 in IHC score following NET. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients with cT1-T3, cN0, HR+/HER2- BC were enrolled. In 35 patients with evaluable tumor HER protein after NET, HER2 was upregulated in 48.6% (17/35; p = 0.025), with HER2-positive status (IHC 3+ or FISH-amplified) detected in three patients at surgery, who were recommended adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy. Downregulation of HER3 and/or HER4 protein was detected in 54.2% of tumors, whereas HER1 protein remained low and unchanged in all cases. While no significant volumetric reduction was detected radiographically after short-term NET, significant reduction in tumor proliferation rates were observed. No significant associations were identified between any clinicopathologic covariates and changes in HER1-4 protein expression on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION Short-term NET frequently and preferentially upregulates HER2 over other HER family RTKs in early-stage HR+/HER2- BC and may be a promising strategy to identify tumors that utilize HER2 as an early endocrine escape pathway. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY Trial registration number: NCT03219476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna N Chaudhary
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Julie M Jorns
- Department of Pathology, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Yunguang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Yee Chung Cheng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Sailaja Kamaraju
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - John Burfeind
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Mary Beth Gonyo
- Department of Radiology, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Amanda L Kong
- Department of Surgery, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Caitlin Patten
- Department of Surgery, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Tina Yen
- Department of Surgery, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Chandler S Cortina
- Department of Surgery, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Ebony Carson
- Clinical Trials Office, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Nedra Johnson
- Clinical Trials Office, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Carmen Bergom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Shirng-Wern Tsaih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Anjishnu Banerjee
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Inna Chervoneva
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Elizabeth Weil
- Division of Pharmacy, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Christopher R Chitambar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Hallgeir Rui
- Department of Pathology, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
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Siregar KB, Al Anas M. Unveiling bone metastasis: Exploring histological subtypes of breast cancer in Indonesia's tertiary referral hospital. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2023; 37:100764. [PMID: 37769530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The histological grade of a tumor is an important prognostic indicator in both primary breast cancer and metastatic. We aimed to show the distribution of bone metastasis locations across different histological subtypes of breast cancer and how they relate to each. METHODS The cohort retrospective study comprised 65 patients diagnosed with bone-only metastatic breast cancer, all female. The secondary statistics for 2014 to 2022 were derived from breast cancer registration data collected to determine the relationships between patterns of bone metastases sites and histopathological grading in various histological categories. RESULTS The average age was 44.28±9.80 years (25-62 years), with 38 patients (58.5%) diagnosed with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) and 27 patients (41.5%) with Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC). Grade III were found in 34 patients (50.8%), Grade II in 31 patients (47.7%) and Grade I in one patient (1.5%). The most common sites of bone metastases are costae, followed by femur, vertebrae and pelvic. Vertebrae and costae metastasis are significantly correlated with histological grading and breast cancer pathology (p: 0.027 and 0.033, respectively). CONCLUSION There is a considerable difference between vertebrae and costae metastasis in terms of histological grading and breast cancer pathology which indicates the higher grade contains a greater variety of bone metastases sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Basri Siregar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara/H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia.
| | - Muhammad Al Anas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
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27
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Kiss Z, Kocsis J, Nikolényi A, Horváth Z, Knollmajer K, Benedek A, Várnai M, Polányi Z, Kovács KA, Berta A, Köveskuti I, Karamousouli E, Szabó TG, Rokszin G, Fábián I, Bartókné Tamás R, Surján O, Fürtős D, Surján G, Kenessey I, Weber A, Barcza Z, Berki T, Vokó Z, Dózsa C, Dank M, Boér K. Opposite trends in incidence of breast cancer in young and old female cohorts in Hungary and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic: a nationwide study between 2011-2020. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1182170. [PMID: 37795445 PMCID: PMC10545848 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1182170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This nationwide study examined breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality rates in Hungary between 2011-2019, and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the incidence and mortality rates in 2020 using the databases of the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and Central Statistical Office (CSO) of Hungary. Methods Our nationwide, retrospective study included patients who were newly diagnosed with breast cancer (International Codes of Diseases ICD)-10 C50) between Jan 1, 2011 and Dec 31, 2020. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASRs) were calculated using European Standard Populations (ESP). Results 7,729 to 8,233 new breast cancer cases were recorded in the NHIF database annually, and 3,550 to 4,909 all-cause deaths occurred within BC population per year during 2011-2019 period, while 2,096 to 2,223 breast cancer cause-specific death was recorded (CSO). Age-standardized incidence rates varied between 116.73 and 106.16/100,000 PYs, showing a mean annual change of -0.7% (95% CI: -1.21%-0.16%) and a total change of -5.41% (95% CI: -9.24 to -1.32). Age-standardized mortality rates varied between 26.65-24.97/100,000 PYs (mean annual change: -0.58%; 95% CI: -1.31-0.27%; p=0.101; total change: -5.98%; 95% CI: -13.36-2.66). Age-specific incidence rates significantly decreased between 2011 and 2019 in women aged 50-59, 60-69, 80-89, and ≥90 years (-8.22%, -14.28%, -9.14%, and -36.22%, respectively), while it increased in young females by 30.02% (95%CI 17,01%- 51,97%) during the same period. From 2019 to 2020 (in first COVID-19 pandemic year), breast cancer incidence nominally decreased by 12% (incidence rate ratio [RR]: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.69-1.13; 2020 vs. 2019), all-cause mortality nominally increased by 6% (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.79-1.43) among breast cancer patients, and cause-specific mortality did not change (RR: 1.00; 95%CI: 0.86-1.15). Conclusion The incidence of breast cancer significantly decreased in older age groups (≥50 years), oppositely increased among young females between 2011 and 2019, while cause-specific mortality in breast cancer patients showed a non-significant decrease. In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in a nominal, but not statistically significant, 12% decrease in breast cancer incidence, with no significant increase in cause-specific breast cancer mortality observed during 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judit Kocsis
- Department of Oncology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Alíz Nikolényi
- Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Horváth
- Department of Oncology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Kecskemét, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ibolya Fábián
- RxTarget Ltd., Szolnok, Hungary
- University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Department of Biostatistics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Renáta Bartókné Tamás
- Department of Deputy Chief Medical Officer II., National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Surján
- Department of Deputy Chief Medical Officer II., National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diána Fürtős
- Department of Deputy Chief Medical Officer II., National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Surján
- Department of Deputy Chief Medical Officer II., National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Digital Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Kenessey
- National Institute of Oncology, National Tumorbiology Laboratory project (NLP-17), Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Weber
- National Institute of Oncology, National Tumorbiology Laboratory project (NLP-17), Budapest, Hungary
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Zsófia Barcza
- Syntesia Medical Communications Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Berki
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Vokó
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Dózsa
- Department of Theoretical Health Sciences, University of Miskolc Faculty of Health Sciences, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Magdolna Dank
- Cancer Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Boér
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Margaret Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
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Omotoso O, Teibo JO, Atiba FA, Oladimeji T, Paimo OK, Ataya FS, Batiha GES, Alexiou A. Addressing cancer care inequities in sub-Saharan Africa: current challenges and proposed solutions. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:189. [PMID: 37697315 PMCID: PMC10496173 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is a significant public health challenge globally, with nearly 2000 lives lost daily in Africa alone. Without adequate measures, mortality rates are likely to increase. The major challenge for cancer care in Africa is equity and prioritization, as cancer is not receiving adequate attention from policy-makers and strategic stakeholders in the healthcare space. This neglect is affecting the three primary tiers of cancer care: prevention, diagnosis, and treatment/management. To promote cancer care equity, addressing issues of equity and prioritization is crucial to ensure that everyone has an equal chance at cancer prevention, early detection, and appropriate care and follow-up treatment. METHODOLOGY Using available literature, we provide an overview of the current state of cancer care in Africa and recommendations to close the gap. RESULTS We highlight several factors that contribute to cancer care inequity in Africa, including inadequate funding for cancer research, poor cancer education or awareness, inadequate screening or diagnostic facilities, lack of a well-organized and effective cancer registry system and access to care, shortage of specialized medical staff, high costs for screening, vaccination, and treatment, lack of technical capacity, poor vaccination response, and/or late presentation of patients for cancer screening. We also provide recommendations to address some of these obstacles to achieving cancer care equity. Our recommendations are divided into national-level initiatives and capacity-based initiatives, including cancer health promotion and awareness by healthcare professionals during every hospital visit, encouraging screening and vaccine uptake, ensuring operational regional and national cancer registries, improving healthcare budgeting for staff, equipment, and facilities, building expertise through specialty training, funding for cancer research, providing insurance coverage for cancer care, and implementing mobile health technology for telemedicine diagnosis. CONCLUSION Addressing challenges to cancer equity holistically would improve the likelihood of longer survival for cancer patients, lower the risk factors for groups that are already at risk, and ensure equitable access to cancer care on the continent. This study identifies the existing stance that African nations have on equity in cancer care, outlines the current constraints, and provides suggestions that could make the biggest difference in attaining equity in cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olabode Omotoso
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - John Oluwafemi Teibo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Festus Adebayo Atiba
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Oluwatomiwa Kehinde Paimo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, AlBeheira, 22511, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, 2770, Hebersham, Australia
- AFNP Med, 1030, Wien, Austria
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Izuegbuna OO, Sodiq T, Olawumi HO, Olatoke SA, Agodirin O. Body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake among breast cancer patients at a teaching hospital in Nigeria-a cross sectional study. Ecancermedicalscience 2023; 17:1600. [PMID: 37799944 PMCID: PMC10550329 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2023.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This cross-sectional study was conducted on the associations between body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake among 45 Nigerian breast cancer patients. Methods Forty-five Nigerian breast cancer patients were measured and analysed for their body composition, energy expenditure and caloric intake. Statistical analyses included a chi-square test, Student's t-test, paired t-test, Spearman correlation and linear regression using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 23.0. Results The body fat indices (body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), and body fats percentage) show that more than 50% of breast cancer patients were either overweight or obese. The Spearman correlation showed that fat-free mass (FFM) was the most strongly correlated with energy expenditure (r = 0.84). BMI and (FMI - fat mass in relation to height) were significantly correlated with the Harris-Benedict equation for energy expenditure (p < 0.001; p = 0.002), but they were not correlated significantly with the Karnofsky performance status. A paired t-test showed that caloric intake was significantly higher than total energy expenditure (p < 0.001). FFM was the best predictor of resting energy expenditure (REE). Conclusion In conclusion, FFM remains the best predictor of REE. High body mass and high caloric intake indicate the need for support from nutritional programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogochukwu O Izuegbuna
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 241102, Nigeria
| | - Toyin Sodiq
- Dietetics Unit, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 241102, Nigeria
| | - Hannah O Olawumi
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 241102, Nigeria
| | - Samuel A Olatoke
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 241102, Nigeria
| | - Olayide Agodirin
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 241102, Nigeria
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Fawzi M, Bimoussa A, Laamari Y, Oussidi AN, Oubella A, Ketatni EM, Saadi M, Ammari LE, Morjani H, Ait Itto MY, Auhmani A. New (S)-verbenone-isoxazoline-1,3,4-thiadiazole hybrids: synthesis, anticancer activity and apoptosis-inducing effect. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1603-1619. [PMID: 37772541 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to develop novel isoxazoline-1,3,4-thiadiazole hybrids from (S)-verbenone for potential anticancer treatment, particularly focusing on cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in hormone-sensitive MCF-7 and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Methods & results: (S)-verbenone was used to synthesize hybrids through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, followed by thorough characterization. The compounds were screened across cancer cell lines, showing significant anticancer effects. Compound 8b notably induced apoptosis via the caspase-3/7 pathway and cell cycle arrest, displaying noteworthy cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion: These findings underscore the potential of (S)-verbenone isoxazoline-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives for breast cancer therapy due to their remarkable apoptotic activity. This study highlights a promising avenue for advancing breast cancer treatment using these derivatives, founded on (S)-verbenone, showcasing their distinct potential for inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Fawzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Unit of Organic Synthesis & Molecular Physicochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, PO Box 2390, Marrakech, 40001, Morocco
| | - Abdoullah Bimoussa
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Unit of Organic Synthesis & Molecular Physicochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, PO Box 2390, Marrakech, 40001, Morocco
| | - Yassine Laamari
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Unit of Organic Synthesis & Molecular Physicochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, PO Box 2390, Marrakech, 40001, Morocco
| | - Abdellah N'ait Oussidi
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Unit of Organic Synthesis & Molecular Physicochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, PO Box 2390, Marrakech, 40001, Morocco
| | - Ali Oubella
- Laboratory of Organic & Physical Chemistry, Applied Bioorganic Chemistry Team, Faculty of Sciences, IBNOU ZOHR University, Agadir, 80000, Morocco
| | - El Mostafa Ketatni
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials & Catalysis, Faculty of Sciences, & Technics, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, BP 523, 23000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Saadi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée des Matériaux, Centre des Sciences des Matériaux, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, PO Box 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Lahcen El Ammari
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée des Matériaux, Centre des Sciences des Matériaux, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, PO Box 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hamid Morjani
- Unité BioSpecT, EA7506, SFR CAP-Santé, UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, France
| | - Moulay Youssef Ait Itto
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Unit of Organic Synthesis & Molecular Physicochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, PO Box 2390, Marrakech, 40001, Morocco
| | - Aziz Auhmani
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Unit of Organic Synthesis & Molecular Physicochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, PO Box 2390, Marrakech, 40001, Morocco
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Srivastava NK, Singh S, Mohanty D, Hussain N. Clinicopathological profile of breast cancer from Chhattisgarh India: A single-center hospital-based study. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1923-1930. [PMID: 38024932 PMCID: PMC10657078 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2315_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Global breast cancer incidence is increasing at an annual rate of 3·1%. Female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%). However, the data from different parts of India are still lacking and the study was conducted to assess the burden of disease at tertiary referral centers in central India. Material and Methods Retrospective record analysis (June 2013-June 2017) of data from outdoor clinics and pathology reports. The patients aged <15 yrs, nonresidence of Chhattisgarh, and diagnosed outside the study period were excluded. The triple assessment was used to diagnose all breast lumps (sensitivity 99%). Results Eighty patients were diagnosed having breast carcinoma. The mean age for breast cancer was 39 ± 3.028 years (ranged 31-50 years). Twenty patients had locally advanced breast carcinoma. The predominant religion was Hindu 55.00%. The referral pathway to seek medical care for breast cancer was via a gynecologist in 40% (32/80). Familial breast cancers were in 0.03% (3/80) of patients. None breast cancer patients have previous histology-proven benign breast disease. The mean size of the breast cancer lump was 3.56 cm (ranged 1.0-11.0 cm). Overlying skin ulceration (n = 2), skin infiltration/peau-d'- orange (n = 2), skin tethering (n = 4), and bloody nipple discharge were found in one patient. Breast cancer was diagnosed during lactation (postnatal period) in one patient. The maximum number of patients have tumor size >5 cm (72.6%). Immunohistochemistry and pathological analysis was done on core biopsy (n = 20) and surgical procedure (n = 60). Modified radical mastectomy was done in 52, breast conservative surgery with Sentinal Lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection in 6, and toilet mastectomy in two patients. The predominant tumors were solid (n = 79/80), with both solid and cystic types (1/80). The solid and cystic lesion on FNAC was of C3b type, and an excision biopsy revealed medullary carcinoma of the breast. Invasive ductal carcinoma-no special type (IDC-NST) was observed to be the most common histopathologic type (n = 70/80), followed by medullary carcinoma (n = 2), metaplastic carcinoma (n = 1), papillary carcinoma (n = 4), Paget disease with DCIS (n = 1), mucinous carcinoma (n = 1), invasive lobular carcinoma (n = 1). One male patient with breast cancer and two female patient having bilateral breast cancer also have IDC-NST.Scarff Bloom Richardson Grade was predominantly graded 2 in 46.25% (37/80) of breast cancer patients (Grade 1 = 9, Grade 2 = 37, Grade 3 = 34). Lymphovascular (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) were predominantly without LVI and PVI. (Lymphovascular present and perineural invasion present = 4, Lymphovascular present and perineural invasion absent = 32, Lymphovascular absent and perineural invasion absent = 42, Lymphovascular absent and perineural invasion present = 2). Histological examination of axillary lymph nodes showed the presence of malignant cells in all. Triple-negative breast carcinoma was 26.58% (21/79). Most breast cancer presented at stage II A = 37.5% (30/80) and II B = 28.7% (23/80) of the AJCC staging system. Conclusion The clinico-epidemio and histological profile of breast cancer in Chhattisgarh is similar to other parts of India. Scarff Bloom Richardson Grade was predominantly grade 2 in 46.25% (37/80) contrary to Grade III (70%) in other series from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh 229405 (Ex- Senior Resident, Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Chhattisgarh), India
| | - Sunita Singh
- Department of Paediatric Surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raebareli (Ex-Assistant Prof., All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Chhattisgarh), India
| | - Debajyoti Mohanty
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Nughat Hussain
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Al-Hawary SIS, Pallathadka H, Hjazi A, Zhumanov ZE, Alazbjee AAA, Imad S, Alsalamy A, Hussien BM, Jaafer NS, Mahmoudi R. ETS transcription factor ELK3 in human cancers: An emerging therapeutic target. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154728. [PMID: 37542863 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a genetic and complex disorder, resulting from several events associated with onset, development, and metastasis. Tumor suppressors and oncogenes are among the main regulators of tumor progression, contributing to various cancer-related behaviors like cell proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle, and apoptosis. Transcription factors (TFs) could act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in cancer progression. E-twenty-six/E26 (ETS) family of TFs have a winged helix-turn-helix (HLH) motif, which interacted with specific DNA regions with high levels of purines and GGA core. ETS proteins act as transcriptional repressors or activators to modulate the expression of target genes. ETS transcription factor ELK3 (ELK3), as a type of ETS protein, was shown to enhance in various cancers, suggesting that it may have an oncogenic role. These studies indicated that ELK3 promoted invasion, migration, cell cycle, proliferation, and EMT, and suppressed cell apoptosis. In addition, these studies demonstrated that ELK3 could be a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in human cancer. Moreover, accumulating data proved that ELK3 could be a novel chemoresistance mediator in human cancer. Here, we aimed to explore the overall change of ELK3 and its underlying molecular mechanism in human cancers. Moreover, we aimed to investigate the potential role of ELK3 as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker as well as its capability as a chemoresistance mediator in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyadulla Eshmamatovich Zhumanov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, With a Section-biopsy Course, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Makhtumkuli Street 103, Tashkent 100047, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Shad Imad
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Noor Sadiq Jaafer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technologies, Al Rafidain University College, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Reza Mahmoudi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Robles-Rodríguez N, Llaneza-Folgueras A, Lana A. Factors from healthcare delivery affecting breast cancer survival in a health area of Northern of Spain. J Healthc Qual Res 2023; 38:224-232. [PMID: 37173230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical breast cancer decision-making significantly affects life expectancy and management of hospital resources. The aims of the present study were to estimate the time of survival for breast cancer patients and to identify independent factors from healthcare delivery associated with survival rates in a specific health area of Northern of Spain. METHODS Survival analysis was conducted among a cohort of 2545 patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 2006 and 2012 from the population breast cancer registry of Asturias-Spain and followed up till 2019. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify the independent prognostic factors of all-cause from death. RESULTS The 5-year survival rate was 80%. Advanced age (>80 years) (hazard ratio, HR: 4.35; 95% confidence interval, CI: 3.41-5.54), hospitalization in small hospitals (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.09-1.97), treatment in oncology wards (HR: 3.57; 95% CI: 2.41-5.27), and length of stay >30 days (HR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.32-3.79) were the main predictors of death. By contrast, breast cancer suspected via screening was associated with a lower risk of death (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.35-0.87). CONCLUSION There is room for improvement in survival rates after breast cancer in the health area of Asturias (Northern of Spain). Some healthcare delivery factors, and other clinical characteristics of the tumor influence the survival of breast cancer patients. Strengthening population screening programs could be relevant to increasing survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Robles-Rodríguez
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - A Llaneza-Folgueras
- Breast Pathology Unit, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Health Care Service of Asturias, Spain
| | - A Lana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Institute of Sanitary Research of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Zhu J, Niu H, Lu D, Li Y, Ding M. Research on the applicability of an exercise rehabilitation app aiming to improve the mental and physical health of breast cancer patients in the post-operative period. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1126284. [PMID: 37457078 PMCID: PMC10349282 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1126284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers in women, seriously endangering the physical and mental health of patients. In this study, we developed an app for breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy with a focus on exercise interventions, supplemented by nutritional and psychological interventions, to verify the applicability of the app for these patients and its impact on their quality of life, sleep, and psychological state. We also investigated the patients' experience and perceptions of the app. Methods A total of 17 participants, aged 42-58 years, were recruited for this study using a mixed-methods design, including quantitative group pre-and post-test scores and qualitative interview results. The participants used the app for 8-18 weeks depending on their radiotherapy or chemotherapy cycle. During the radiotherapy or chemotherapy period, the participants used the "Yun Dong Ru Kang" exercise rehabilitation app to perform aerobic exercises twice a week, as well as rehabilitation exercises appropriate to their radiotherapy or chemotherapy stage, and used the app on their own the rest of the time. The primary results included their scores on the PSSUQ overall assessment usability questionnaire, the users' use of the app, and the results of the interviews; the secondary indicators were quality of life, sleep status, and anxiety and depression status. Results An overall score of 6.2 (out of 7 points) on the PSSUQ questionnaire indicates the high usability; the average use time per subject per week was 97.69 ± 11.82 min, which exceeds the minimum use time, but the average use time tended to decrease as the use time was postponed. Promoted articles on nutritional diets received the most hits. The results of the interviews were consistent with the questionnaire scores, with the majority of participants believing that the means of exercise should be enriched and the interface optimized, while the reduction in the length of use was related to the participants' own state of learning about calisthenics. In the results of the Breast Cancer-Specific Scale FACT-B, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the Emotional Status dimension score and a significant decrease (p < 0.05) on the Additional Concerns dimension score. In the results of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory PSQI, there was a non-significant improvement in all items except for a significant increase (p < 0.05) for the Hypnotic Medication item. In the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), there was no significant improvement in any of the anxiety and depression factors. Conclusions The "Yun Dong Ru Kang "app has certain applicability, and the use of the exercise rehabilitation app may effectively reduce the negative impact of chemotherapy side effects on the quality of life, sleep and depression of breast cancer patients in the chemotherapy or radiotherapy phase. Before it is put into use in the future, the app should be enriched with exercise tools, the interface should be optimized, and articles on nutrition and diet should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhu
- College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hu Niu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Dianjie Lu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Jinan Zhensheng School, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Ding
- College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Lim GH, An JH, Park SM, Youn GH, Oh YI, Seo KW, Youn HY. Macrophage induces anti-cancer drug resistance in canine mammary gland tumor spheroid. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10394. [PMID: 37369757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37311-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the tumor microenvironment by producing cytokines and growth factors. Furthermore, TAMs play multifunctional roles in tumor progression, immune regulation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment induces tumor-supporting transformation of TAMs, which enhances tumor malignancy through developing anti-cancer resistance, for example. In this study, a hybrid spheroid model of canine mammary gland tumor (MGT) cell lines (CIPp and CIPm) and canine macrophages (DH82) was established. The effects of hypoxia induced by the spheroid culture system on the anti-cancer drug resistance of canine MGT cells were investigated. A hybrid spheroid was created using an ultralow-adhesion plate. The interactions between canine MGT cells and DH82 were investigated using a co-culture method. When co-cultured with DH82, cell viability and expression levels of tumor growth factors and multi-drug resistance genes were increased in canine MGT cells under doxorubicin. Additionally, doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest were attenuated in canine MGT cells co-cultured with DH82. In conclusion, the hybrid spheroid model established in this study reflects the hypoxic TME, allowing DH82 to induce anti-cancer drug resistance in canine MGT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Hyun Lim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Department of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hee Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-In Oh
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Won Seo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Hashemi Jazi SM, Tayebi F, Teimouri-Jervekani Z, Mokarian F, Mehrzad V, Sadeghi A. Comparative Evaluation of Captopril, Spironolactone, and Carvedilol Effect on Endothelial Function in Breast Cancer Women Undergoing Chemotherapy. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:116. [PMID: 37434915 PMCID: PMC10331532 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_81_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in females which needs chemotherapy treatment. Studies demonstrated that anti-cancer agents used for chemotherapy in cancer patient causes endothelium dysfunction. Several researches showed the efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, Carvedilol and Spironolactone on improving endothelial function. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of Spironolactone, Carvedilol, and Captopril on endothelial function in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods This study is a prospective Randomized Clinical Trial in breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy. Patients were divided into two groups who received the combination of Captopril, Spironolactone, and Carvedilol or standard regimen for 3 months during chemotherapy. Before and after intervention, ejection fraction (EF), E/A ratio and e' and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) properties were calculated and then compared. Results Fifty-eight patients with a mean age of 47.57 ± 9.46 years were evaluated. The mean FMD after the intervention is statistically different in case and controls (<0.001). E/A ratio and e' are not statistically different between groups after intervention. The mean EF was not statistically different between the two groups after intervention. Conclusion Prescribing combination of Carvedilol, Spironolactone, and Captopril in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy can improve endothelial function and may have beneficial effects on diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hashemi Jazi
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Faranak Tayebi
- Department of Cardiology, Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Teimouri-Jervekani
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mokarian
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Valiallah Mehrzad
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Narayanan M, Gothandapani A, Venugopalan R, Rethinam M, Pitchai S, Alahmadi TA, Almoallim HS, Kandasamy S, Brindhadevi K. Antioxidant and anticancer potential of ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower of Tecoma stans (Linn) and In Silico studies on phytoligands against Bcl2 and VEGFR2 factors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116112. [PMID: 37182829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to appraise the antioxidant and anticancer competence of solvent extracts of Tecoma stans (Linn) and analyze the phytoligands interaction against Bcl2 VEGFR2 through in silico studies. The phytochemical analysis revealed that the ethyl acetate extract contains more number of pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals than other solvent extracts. Among the various phytochemicals, flavonoid was found as a predominant component, and UV-Vis- spectrophotometer analysis initially confirmed it. Hence, the column chromatogram was performed to purify the flavonoid, and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed. It revealed that the flavonoid enriched fraction by compared with standard flavonoid molecules. About 84.69% and 80.43% of antioxidant activity were found from ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower at the dosage of 80 μg mL-1 with the IC50 value of 47.24 and 43.40 μg mL-1, respectively. In a dose-dependent mode, the ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower showed cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell line MCF 7 (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7) as up to 81.38% and 80.94% of cytotoxicity respectively. Furthermore, the IC50 was found as 208.507 μg mL-1 and 207.38 μg mL-1 for bark and flower extract correspondingly. About 10 medicinal valued flavonoid components were identified from bark (6) and flower (4) ethyl acetate extract through LC-MS analysis. Out of 10 components, the 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (ΔG -8.8) and Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (ΔG -8.3) had the competence to interact with Bcl2 (B-Cell Lymphoma 2) and VEGFR2 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2) respectively with more energy. Hence, these results confirm that the ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower of T. stans has significant medicinal potential and could be used as antioxidant and anticancer agent after some animal performance study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Division of Research and Innovations, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anburaj Gothandapani
- Department of Chemistry PRIST Deemed to be University Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajasudha Venugopalan
- Department of Chemistry, Annai Velankanni Arts & Science College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Rethinam
- Department of Chemistry, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College, Poondi, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sakunthala Pitchai
- Deparment of Chemistry, Government Arts & Science College for Women, Orathanad, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham S Almoallim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box-60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Computational Engineering and Design Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Ham S, Kim M, Lee S, Wang CB, Ko B, Kim N. Improvement of semantic segmentation through transfer learning of multi-class regions with convolutional neural networks on supine and prone breast MRI images. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6877. [PMID: 37106024 PMCID: PMC10140273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33900-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Semantic segmentation of breast and surrounding tissues in supine and prone breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is required for various kinds of computer-assisted diagnoses for surgical applications. Variability of breast shape in supine and prone poses along with various MRI artifacts makes it difficult to determine robust breast and surrounding tissue segmentation. Therefore, we evaluated semantic segmentation with transfer learning of convolutional neural networks to create robust breast segmentation in supine breast MRI without considering supine or prone positions. Total 29 patients with T1-weighted contrast-enhanced images were collected at Asan Medical Center and two types of breast MRI were performed in the prone position and the supine position. The four classes, including lungs and heart, muscles and bones, parenchyma with cancer, and skin and fat, were manually drawn by an expert. Semantic segmentation on breast MRI scans with supine, prone, transferred from prone to supine, and pooled supine and prone MRI were trained and compared using 2D U-Net, 3D U-Net, 2D nnU-Net and 3D nnU-Net. The best performance was 2D models with transfer learning. Our results showed excellent performance and could be used for clinical purposes such as breast registration and computer-aided diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwon Ham
- Healthcare Readiness Institute for Unified Korea, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 123 Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjee Kim
- Promedius Inc., 4 Songpa-daero 49-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangwook Lee
- ANYMEDI Inc., 388-1 Pungnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chuan-Bing Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - BeomSeok Ko
- Department of Breast Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namkug Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 5F, 26, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Chaudhary LN, Jorns J, Sun Y, Cheng YC, Kamaraju S, Burfeind J, Gonyo M, Kong A, Patten C, Yen T, Cortina C, Carson E, Johnson N, Bergom C, Tsaih SW, Banerjee A, Wang Y, Chervoneva I, Weil E, Chitambar CR, Rui H. Frequent Upregulation Of HER2 Protein In Hormone Receptor-Positive HER2-Negative Breast Cancer After Short-Term Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2777910. [PMID: 37066270 PMCID: PMC10104267 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2777910/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Background. Endocrine resistant metastatic disease develops in ~20-25% of hormone-receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) patients despite endocrine therapy (ET) use. Upregulation of HER family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) represent escape mechanisms in response to ET in some HR+ tumors. Short-term neoadjuvant ET (NET) offers the opportunity to identify early endocrine escape mechanisms initiated in individual tumors. Methods. This was a single arm, interventional phase II clinical trial evaluating 4 weeks (+/-1 week) of NET in patients with early-stage HR+/HER2-negative (HER2-) BC. The primary objective was to assess NET-induced changes in HER1-4 proteins by immunohistochemistry (IHC) score. Protein upregulation was defined as an increase of ≥1 in IHC score following NET. Results. Thirty-seven patients with cT1-T3, cN0, HR+/HER2- BC were enrolled. In 35 patients with evaluable tumor HER protein after NET, HER2 was upregulated in 48.6% (17/35; p=0.025), with HER2-positive status (IHC 3+ or FISH-amplified) detected in three patients at surgery, who were recommended adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy. Downregulation of HER3 and/or HER4 protein was detected in 54.2% of tumors, whereas HER1 protein remained low and unchanged in all cases. While no significant volumetric reduction was detected radiographically after short-term NET, significant reduction in tumor proliferation rates were observed. No significant associations were identified between any clinicopathologic covariates and changes in HER1-4 protein expression on multivariable analysis. Conclusion . Short-term NET frequently and preferentially upregulates HER2 over other HER-family RTKs in early-stage HR+/HER2- BC and may be a promising strategy to identify tumors that utilize HER2 as an early endocrine escape pathway. Trial registration number: NCT03219476 Date of registration for prospectively registered trials: July 17, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tina Yen
- MCW: Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yu Wang
- MCW: Medical College of Wisconsin
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Obayemi JE, Kwakye G. To screen or not to screen: A key decision that reflects health literacy and trust. Am J Surg 2023; 225:615-616. [PMID: 36424201 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy E Obayemi
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gifty Kwakye
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center for Global Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Imai T, Naruse M, Machida Y, Fujii G, Mutoh M, Ochiai M, Takahashi M, Nakagama H. Feeding a High-Fat Diet for a Limited Duration Increases Cancer Incidence in a Breast Cancer Model. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:713-725. [PMID: 36263881 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2132267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
High-fat intake by young Asian women impacts the risk of breast cancer. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms may be essential for disease prevention in Asia as well as globally. We aimed to examine the effects of corn oil- and animal fat-based high-fat diets (32.9 and 31.4%, respectively, of fat energy ratio as compared to 12.3% in the standard diet) on mammary carcinogenesis and alterations in gene expression and epigenetic statuses in the mammary gland during the growth stages in a rat model. An increased incidence of carcinomas was observed after the cessation of high-fat feeding. In addition, rapid tumor growth and elevations in Celsr2 expression, which may be a result of DNA hypomethylation patterns in the 3' untranslated region of the gene were noted in the animal fat group. In the human breast carcinoma cell line MCF7, a marginal decrease in cell viability was observed following the knockdown of Celsr2, suggesting that the animal fat-associated risk of cancer is partly due to the deregulation of mammary cell proliferation via non-metabolic gene functions. The present results will contribute to the development of strategies for controlling the food-associated risk of breast cancer, particularly in younger age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Imai
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Animal Experimentation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mie Naruse
- Department of Animal Experimentation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukino Machida
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Fujii
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Ochiai
- Department of Animal Experimentation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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The Use of San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang Reduces the Mortality Rate among Breast Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041213. [PMID: 36831555 PMCID: PMC9953925 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths. In Taiwan, it is the most prevalent cancer among females. Since San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang (SHXXT) exerts not only an anti-inflammatory but an immunomodulatory effect, it may act as a potent anti-tumor agent. Herein, the study aimed to explore the influence of SHXXT and its constituents on the mortality rate among breast cancer patients in Taiwan regarding the component effect and the dose-relationship effect. By using the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database (NHIRD), the study analyzed 5387 breast cancer patients taking Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and 5387 breast cancer patients not using CHM. CHM means SHXXT and its constituents in the study. The Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to determine the mortality probabilities among patients. Whether the CHM influences the mortality rate among patients was estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. The use of CHM could lower the cancer mortality rate by 59% in breast cancer patients. The protective effect was parallel to the cumulative days of CHM use and the annual average CHM dose. In addition, the mortality rate was lower in patients who used SHXXT compared to those who only used one of its constituents. SHXXT and its constituents were all promising therapeutic weapons against breast cancer.
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Adejumo PO, Aniagwu TIG, Awolude OA, Adedokun B, Kochheiser M, Sowunmi A, Popoola A, Ojengbede O, Huo D, Olopade OI. Cancer Genetic Services in a Low- to Middle-Income Country: Cross-Sectional Survey Assessing Willingness to Undergo and Pay for Germline Genetic Testing. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2100140. [PMID: 36854077 PMCID: PMC10166413 DOI: 10.1200/go.21.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer genetic testing (CGT), a pathway to personalized medicine, is also being embraced in Nigeria. However, little is known about the influence of demographics and perceptions on individuals' willingness to access and pay for CGT. This study assessed patients' willingness to undergo CGT in southwest Nigeria as a catalyst for sustainable Cancer Risk Management Program. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using semistructured questionnaire to interview 362 patients with cancer and 10 referred first-degree relatives between July 2018 and February 2020. Participants from three Nigerian teaching hospitals-University College Hospital, Ibadan, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, received genetic counseling and had subsequent CGT. Primary outcomes were willingness to undergo CGT in determining cancer risk and the willingness to pay for it. Ethical approval was from appropriate ethics committees of participating hospitals. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 22. Univariate comparison of categorical variables was performed by χ2 test, multivariate analysis by logistic regression. RESULTS The participants from University College Hospital (56.2%), Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (26.3%), and Lagos University Teaching Hospital (17.5%) were mostly female (98.4%). Mean age was 48.8 years ± 11.79. Three hundred twenty-two (86.6%) patients and first-degree relatives were willing to take the test, of whom 231 (71.1%) were willing to pay for it. more than half (53.6%) of the participants were willing to pay between N10,000 and N30,000, which is less than $100 US dollars. Sociodemographic variables and willingness to test showed no association (P > .05). Education and ethnicity were found to be associated with their willingness to pay for CGT (P ≤ .05). CONCLUSION Learning clinically relevant details toward cancer prevention informs health-related decisions in patients and relatives, a motivator for willingness to pay for genetic testing in low- and middle-income countries. Increased awareness may influence outcomes of cancer risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca O Adejumo
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Toyin I G Aniagwu
- School of Occupational Health Nursing, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olutosin A Awolude
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Adedokun
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics & Global Health, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Makayla Kochheiser
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics & Global Health, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Oladosu Ojengbede
- Center for Population and Reproductive Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics & Global Health, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Terui Y, Sugimura K, Ota H, Tada H, Nochioka K, Sato H, Katsuta Y, Fujiwara J, Harada-Shoji N, Sato-Tadano A, Morita Y, Sun W, Higuchi S, Tatebe S, Fukui S, Miyamichi-Yamamoto S, Suzuki H, Yaoita N, Kikuchi N, Sakota M, Miyata S, Sakata Y, Ishida T, Takase K, Yasuda S, Shimokawa H. Usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance for early detection of cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction in breast cancer patients. Int J Cardiol 2023; 371:472-479. [PMID: 36115441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis of breast cancer patients has been improved along with the progress in cancer therapies. However, cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) has been an emerging issue. For early detection of CTRCD, we examined whether native T1 mapping and global longitudinal strain (GLS) using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and biomarkers analysis are useful. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 83 consecutive chemotherapy-naïve female patients with breast cancer (mean age, 56 ± 13 yrs.) between 2017 and 2020. CTRCD was defined based on echocardiography as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below 53% at any follow-up period with LVEF>10% points decrease from baseline after chemotherapy. To evaluate cardiac function, CMR (at baseline and 6 months), 12‑lead ECG, echocardiography, and biomarkers (at baseline and every 3 months) were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 164 CMRs were performed in 83 patients. LVEF and GLS were significantly decreased after chemotherapy (LVEF, from 71.2 ± 4.4 to 67.6 ± 5.8%; GLS, from -27.9 ± 3.9 to -24.7 ± 3.5%, respectively, both P < 0.01). Native T1 value also significantly elevated after chemotherapy (from 1283 ± 36 to 1308 ± 39 msec, P < 0.01). Among the 83 patients, 7 (8.4%) developed CTRCD. Of note, native T1 value before chemotherapy was significantly higher in patients with CTRCD than in those without it (1352 ± 29 vs. 1278 ± 30 msec, P < 0.01). The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that native T1 value was an independent predictive factor for the development of CTRCD [OR 2.33; 95%CI 1.15-4.75, P = 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CMR is useful to detect chemotherapy-related myocardial damage and predict for the development of CTRCD in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Terui
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sugimura
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Cardiology, International University of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
| | - Hideki Ota
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nochioka
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruka Sato
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuko Katsuta
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Fujiwara
- Clinical Physiological Laboratory Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Narumi Harada-Shoji
- Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiko Sato-Tadano
- Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Morita
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Wenyu Sun
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Higuchi
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tatebe
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Fukui
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Saori Miyamichi-Yamamoto
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideaki Suzuki
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yaoita
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kikuchi
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miku Sakota
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Sakata
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei Takase
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, Graduate School, Narita, Japan.
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Trieu PD(Y, Mello-Thoms CR, Barron ML, Lewis SJ. Look how far we have come: BREAST cancer detection education on the international stage. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1023714. [PMID: 36686760 PMCID: PMC9846523 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of screening mammography over 30 years has remarkedly reduced breast cancer-associated mortality by 20%-30% through detection of small cancer lesions at early stages. Yet breast screening programmes may function differently in each nation depending on the incidence rate, national legislation, local health infrastructure and training opportunities including feedback on performance. Mammography has been the frontline breast cancer screening tool for several decades; however, it is estimated that there are 15% to 35% of cancers missed on screening which are owing to perceptual and decision-making errors by radiologists and other readers. Furthermore, mammography screening is not available in all countries and the increased speed in the number of new breast cancer cases among less developed countries exceeds that of the developed world in recent decades. Studies conducted through the BreastScreen Reader Assessment Strategy (BREAST) training tools for breast screening readers have documented benchmarking and significant variation in diagnostic performances in screening mammogram test sets in different countries. The performance of the radiologists from less well-established breast screening countries such as China, Mongolia and Vietnam were significant lower in detecting early-stage cancers than radiologists from developed countries such as Australia, USA, Singapore, Italy. Differences in breast features and cancer presentations, discrepancies in the level of experiences in reading screening mammograms, the availability of high-quality national breast screening program and breast image interpretation training courses between developed and less developed countries are likely to have impact on the variation of readers' performances. Hence dedicated education training programs with the ability to tailor to different reader cohorts and different population presentations are suggested to ameliorate challenges in exposure to a range of cancer cases and improve the interpretation skills of local radiologists. Findings from this review provide a good understanding of the radiologist' performances and their improvement using the education interventions, primarily the BREAST program, which has been deployed in a large range of developing and developed countries in the last decade. Self-testing and immediate feedback loops have been shown to have important implications for benchmarking and improving the diagnostic accuracy in radiology worldwide for better breast cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Dung (Yun) Trieu
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claudia R. Mello-Thoms
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Melissa L. Barron
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Lewis
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Azadnajafabad S, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Mohammadi E, Delazar S, Rashedi S, Baradaran HR, Mansourian M. Patterns of better breast cancer care in countries with higher human development index and healthcare expenditure: Insights from GLOBOCAN 2020. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1137286. [PMID: 37124828 PMCID: PMC10130425 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1137286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The huge burden of breast cancer (BC) necessitates the profound and accurate knowledge of the most recent cancer epidemiology and quality of care provided. We aimed to evaluate BC epidemiology and quality of care and examine the effects of socioeconomic development and healthcare expenditure on disparities in BC care. Methods The results from the GLOBOCAN 2020 study were utilized to extract data on female BC, including incidence and mortality numbers, crude rates, and age-standardized rates [age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs)]. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) was calculated for different locations and socioeconomic stratifications to examine disparities in BC care, with higher values reflecting poor quality of care and vice versa. In both descriptive and analytic approaches, the human development index (HDI) and the proportion of current healthcare expenditure (CHE) to gross domestic product (CHE/GDP%) were used to evaluate the values of MIR. Results Globally, 2,261,419 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 2,244,260-2,278,710) new cases of female BC were diagnosed in 2020, with a crude rate of 58.5/100,000 population, and caused 684,996 (675,493-694,633) deaths, with a crude rate of 17.7. The WHO region with the highest BC ASIR (69.7) was Europe, and the WHO region with the highest ASMR (19.1) was Africa. The very high HDI category had the highest BC ASIR (75.6), and low HDI areas had the highest ASMR (20.1). The overall calculated value of female BC MIR in 2020 was 0.30, with Africa having the highest value (0.48) and the low HDI category (0.53). A strong statistically significant inverse correlation was observed between the MIR and HDI values for countries/territories (Pearson's coefficient = -0.850, p-value < 0.001). A significant moderate inverse correlation was observed between the MIR and CHE/GDP values (Pearson's coefficient = -0.431, p-value < 0.001). Conclusions This study highlighted that MIR of BC was higher in less developed areas and less wealthy countries. MIR as an indicator of the quality of care showed that locations with higher healthcare expenditure had better BC care. More focused interventions in developing regions and in those with limited resources are needed to alleviate the burden of BC and resolve disparities in BC care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Azadnajafabad
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Sina Delazar
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Rashedi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Rajai Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Baradaran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Ageing Clinical and Experimental Research Team, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Morteza Mansourian
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Morteza Mansourian
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Wani S, Humaira, Farooq I, Ali S, Rehman MU, Arafah A. Proteomic profiling and its applications in cancer research. Proteomics 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-95072-5.00015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Lei C, Li S, Fan Y, Hua L, Pan Q, Li Y, Long Z, Yang R. LncRNA DUXAP8 induces breast cancer radioresistance by modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and the EZH2-E-cadherin/RHOB pathway. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:1-13. [PMID: 36329030 PMCID: PMC9635553 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2132008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation resistance poses a major clinical challenge in breast cancer (BC) treatment, but little is known about how long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) may regulate this phenomenon. Here, we reported that DUXAP8 was highly expressed in radioresistant BC tissues, and high expression of DUXAP8 was associated with poor prognosis. We found that the overexpression of DUXAP8 promoted radioresistance, while the knockdown of DUXAP8 expression increased radiosensitivity. Further studies revealed that DUXAP8 enhanced the radioresistance of BC cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and by repressing the expression of E-cadherin and RHOB through interaction with EZH2. Together, our work demonstrates that the overexpression of DUXAP8 promotes the resistance of BC cells toward radiation through modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and EZH2-E-cadherin/RHOB axis. Targeting DUXAP8 may serve as a potential strategy to overcome radioresistance in BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Lei
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Cardiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Hua
- Department of Medical Examination Center, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingyun Pan
- Department of Blood Endocrinology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixiong Long
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China,CONTACT Rui Yang Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, NO. 122, Xianzheng Street, Hanyang District, Wuhan, Hubei430050, China
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Fahmi A, Abdur-Rahman M, Mahareek O, shemis MA. Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-loaded polycaprolactone nanocapsules as controlled anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drug release system. BMC Chem 2022; 16:95. [DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00888-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Free doxorubicin (Dox) is used as a chemotherapeutic agent against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it results in cardiotoxicty as a major side effect. Hence, a controlled Dox drug delivery system is extremely demanded.
Methods
Dox was loaded into the non-toxic biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) nanocapsules using the double emulsion method. Characterization of Dox-PCL nanocapsules was done using transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity were quantified using UV–visible spectrophotometry. Drug release was investigated in vitro at both normal (7.4) and cancer (4.8) pHs. Cytotoxicity of Dox-PCL nanocapsules against free Dox was evaluated using the MTT test on normal (Vero) and hepatic cancer (HepG2) cell lines.
Results
Spherical nanocapsules (212 ± 2 nm) were succeffully prepared with a zeta potential of (-22.3 ± 2 mv) and a polydisperse index of (0.019 ± 0.01) with a narrow size distribution pattern. The encapsulation efficiency was (73.15 ± 4%) with a drug loading capacity of (16.88 ± 2%). Importantlly, Dox-release from nanocapsules was faster at cancer pH (98%) than at physiological pH (26%). Moreover, although Dox-PCL nanocapsules were less toxic on the normal cell line (GI 50 = 17.99 ± 8.62 µg/ml) than free Dox (GI 50 = 16.53 ± 1.06 µg/ml), the encapsulated Dox showed higher toxic effect on cancer HepG2 cells compared to that caused by the free drug (GI 50 = 2.46 ± 0.49 and 4.22 ± 0.04 µg/ml, respectively).
Conclusion
The constructed Dox-PCL nanocapsules constitute a potentially controlled anti-HCC therapy with minimal systemic exposure.
Graphical Abstract
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Doxorubicin and tamoxifen loaded graphene oxide nanoparticle functionalized with chitosan and folic acid for anticancer drug delivery. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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