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Kurhaluk N, Tkachenko H. Effects of melatonin and metformin in preventing lysosome-induced autophagy and oxidative stress in rat models of carcinogenesis and the impact of high-fat diet. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4998. [PMID: 35322049 PMCID: PMC8943031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08778-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced glucose tolerance and insulin resistance remain important as high cancer risk factors. Metformin administration to diabetic patients may be associated with a reduced risk of malignancy. The combined effects of the hormone melatonin and metformin in oncology practice have shown positive results. The relevance of our study is to find out the role of specific biomarkers of lysosome destruction and oxidative stress data in carcinogenesis models. The present study was designed to investigate the comparative synergic effect of peroral antidiabetic metformin (MF) and pineal hormone melatonin (MEL) administered alone and in combination in two different rat’s models of mammary tumour proliferation in vivo (N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, NMU or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, DMBA). We have studied the processes of lysosomal destruction (alanyl aminopeptidase AAP, leucyl aminopeptidase LAP, acid phosphatase AcP, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase NAG, β-galactosidase β-GD and β-glucuronidase β-GR) caused by evaluated oxidative stress in three types of tissues (liver, heart, and spleen) in female Sprague–Dawley rats fed a high-fat diet (10% of total fat: 2.5% from lard and 7.5% from palm olein). Our results revealed an increase in the activity of the studied lysosomal enzymes and their expression in a tissue-specific manner depending on the type of chemical agent (NMU or DMBA). MANOVA tests in our study confirmed the influence of the three main factors, type of tissue, chemical impact, and chemopreventive agents, and the combinations of these factors on the lysosomal activity induced during the process of cancerogenesis. The development and induction of the carcinogenesis process in the different rat models with the high-fat diet impact were also accompanied by initiation of free-radical oxidation processes, which we studied at the initial (estimated by the level of diene conjugates) and final (TBARS products) stages of this process. The combined effects of MEL and MF for the two models of carcinogenesis at high-fat diet impact for AAP, LAP, and AcP showed a significant synergistic effect when they impact together when compared with the effects of one substance alone (either MEL or MF) in the breast cancer model experiments. Synergistic effects of limiting destructive processes of lysosomal functioning β-GD enzyme activity we obtained in experiments with MEL and MF chemoprevention for both models of carcinogenesis for three tissues. The statistical SS test allowed us to draw the following conclusions on the role of each lysosomal parameter analyzed as an integral model: NAG > AcP > β-GD > β-GR > AAP > LAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski Str., 22b, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland.
| | - Halyna Tkachenko
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski Str., 22b, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland
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Zubidat AE, Fares B, Fares F, Haim A. Artificial Light at Night of Different Spectral Compositions Differentially Affects Tumor Growth in Mice: Interaction With Melatonin and Epigenetic Pathways. Cancer Control 2019; 25:1073274818812908. [PMID: 30477310 PMCID: PMC6259078 DOI: 10.1177/1073274818812908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lighting technology is rapidly advancing toward shorter wavelength illuminations
that offer energy-efficient properties. Along with this advantage, the increased
use of such illuminations also poses some health challenges, particularly breast
cancer progression. Here, we evaluated the effects of artificial light at night
(ALAN) of 4 different spectral compositions (500-595 nm) at 350 Lux on melatonin
suppression by measuring its urine metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, global DNA
methylation, tumor growth, metastases formation, and urinary corticosterone
levels in 4T1 breast cancer cell-inoculated female BALB/c mice. The results
revealed an inverse dose-dependent relationship between wavelength and melatonin
suppression. Short wavelength increased tumor growth, promoted lung metastases
formation, and advanced DNA hypomethylation, while long wavelength lessened
these effects. Melatonin treatment counteracted these effects and resulted in
reduced cancer burden. The wavelength suppression threshold for
melatonin-induced tumor growth was 500 nm. These results suggest that short
wavelength increases cancer burden by inducing aberrant DNA methylation mediated
by the suppression of melatonin. Additionally, melatonin suppression and global
DNA methylation are suggested as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and
therapy of breast cancer. Finally, ALAN may manifest other physiological
responses such as stress responses that may challenge the survival fitness of
the animal under natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Zubidat
- 1 The Israeli Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Chronobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - B Fares
- 2 Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,3 Department of Molecular Genetics, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - F Fares
- 2 Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,3 Department of Molecular Genetics, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Haim
- 1 The Israeli Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Chronobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Bojková B, Kajo K, Kubatka P, Solár P, Péč M, Adamkov M. Metformin and melatonin improve histopathological outcome of NMU-induced mammary tumors in rats. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:722-729. [PMID: 30642742 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous reports showed inhibition of carcinogenesis after metformin (MF) and melatonin (MEL) administration. However, most in vivo studies used standard diet type, with relatively low fat content. As increase in fat intake may have a considerable impact on malignant transformation, we evaluated the effects of these two substances in a model of mammary carcinogenesis in rats fed a high-fat diet (10%). METHODS Mammary tumors were induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU) in female rats of sensitive Sprague-Dawley strain. MF was administered in a diet (0.2%), MEL was administered in drinking water (20 mg/L). The chemoprevention was initiated 12 days prior to tumor initiation, both substances were administered through the termination of the experiment on 16th week after carcinogen application. Analysis of basic parameters of tumor growth, histopathological profile, and serum IGF-1 level were performed together with immunohistochemical detection of Ki67 (proliferation marker) and caspase-3 and BCL-2 (apoptosis markers) in mammary cancer cells. RESULTS Although neither tumor incidence nor frequency were changed after MF and/or MEL administration, MF and MEL decreased high-grade/low-grade (HG/LG) tumor ratio. MEL decreased proliferation in mammary cancer cells; positive correlations between histological grade and Ki67 expressions were found after single administration of both MF and MEL. Serum IGF-1 levels were reduced to the level of intact rats in all groups receiving chemoprevention. CONCLUSIONS MF and MEL administration did not inhibit growth of NMU-induced mammary tumors in rats in a significant manner but both substances ameliorated tumor histopathological profile. Surprisingly, combined treatment had no such effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Bojková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárová 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Karol Kajo
- St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Heydukova 10, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4, 036 01, Martin, Slovak Republic; Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Solár
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Péč
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4, 036 01, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Marián Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4, 036 01, Martin, Slovak Republic
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Bojková B, Kubatka P, Qaradakhi T, Zulli A, Kajo K. Melatonin May Increase Anticancer Potential of Pleiotropic Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3910. [PMID: 30563247 PMCID: PMC6320927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is not only a pineal hormone, but also an ubiquitary molecule present in plants and part of our diet. Numerous preclinical and some clinical reports pointed to its multiple beneficial effects including oncostatic properties, and as such, it has become one of the most aspiring goals in cancer prevention/therapy. A link between cancer and inflammation and/or metabolic disorders has been well established and the therapy of these conditions with so-called pleiotropic drugs, which include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins and peroral antidiabetics, modulates a cancer risk too. Adjuvant therapy with melatonin may improve the oncostatic potential of these drugs. Results from preclinical studies are limited though support this hypothesis, which, however, remains to be verified by further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Bojková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárová 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
| | - Karol Kajo
- St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Heydukova 10, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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de Castro TB, Bordin-Junior NA, de Almeida EA, de Campos Zuccari DAP. Evaluation of melatonin and AFMK levels in women with breast cancer. Endocrine 2018; 62:242-249. [PMID: 29797213 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Changes in the circadian rhythm may contribute to the development of cancer and are correlated with the high risk of breast cancer (BC) in night workers. Melatonin is a hormone synthesized by the pineal gland at night in the absence of light. Levels of melatonin and the metabolite of oxidative metabolism AFMK (acetyl-N-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine), are suggested as potential biomarkers of BC risk. The aims of this study were to evaluate levels of melatonin and AFMK in women recently diagnosed with BC, women under adjuvant chemotherapy, and night-shift nurses, and compare them with healthy women to evaluate the relation of these compounds with BC risk. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 47 women with BC, 9 healthy women, 10 healthy night shift nurses, and 6 patients under adjuvant chemotherapy. Compound levels were measured by mass spectrometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that women with BC had lower levels of melatonin compared to control group women, and even lower in night-shift nurses and in patients under adjuvant chemotherapy. There was no significant difference of AFMK levels between the groups. In addition to this, high levels of melatonin and AFMK were related to patients with metastasis, and high levels of AFMK were related to the presence of lymph node-positive, tumor > 20 mm and patients who sleep with light at night. Our results showed a reduction of melatonin levels in BC patients, suggesting a relation with the disease, and in addition, point to the importance of melatonin supplementation in women that work at night to reduce the BC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tialfi Bergamin de Castro
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, 15054-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Newton Antônio Bordin-Junior
- São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, São José do Rio Preto, 15090-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alves de Almeida
- Regional University of Blumenau Foundation - FURB, Antônio da Veiga, 140, Blumenau, 89030-903, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos Zuccari
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, 15054-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
- São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, São José do Rio Preto, 15090-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Hill SM, Belancio VP, Dauchy RT, Xiang S, Brimer S, Mao L, Hauch A, Lundberg PW, Summers W, Yuan L, Frasch T, Blask DE. Melatonin: an inhibitor of breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2015; 22:R183-204. [PMID: 25876649 PMCID: PMC4457700 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present review discusses recent work on melatonin-mediated circadian regulation, the metabolic and molecular signaling mechanisms that are involved in human breast cancer growth, and the associated consequences of circadian disruption by exposure to light at night (LEN). The anti-cancer actions of the circadian melatonin signal in human breast cancer cell lines and xenografts heavily involve MT1 receptor-mediated mechanisms. In estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive human breast cancer, melatonin suppresses ERα mRNA expression and ERα transcriptional activity via the MT1 receptor. Melatonin also regulates the transactivation of other members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, estrogen-metabolizing enzymes, and the expression of core clock and clock-related genes. Furthermore, melatonin also suppresses tumor aerobic metabolism (the Warburg effect) and, subsequently, cell-signaling pathways critical to cell proliferation, cell survival, metastasis, and drug resistance. Melatonin demonstrates both cytostatic and cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells that appears to be cell type-specific. Melatonin also possesses anti-invasive/anti-metastatic actions that involve multiple pathways, including inhibition of p38 MAPK and repression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Studies have demonstrated that melatonin promotes genomic stability by inhibiting the expression of LINE-1 retrotransposons. Finally, research in animal and human models has indicated that LEN-induced disruption of the circadian nocturnal melatonin signal promotes the growth, metabolism, and signaling of human breast cancer and drives breast tumors to endocrine and chemotherapeutic resistance. These data provide the strongest understanding and support of the mechanisms that underpin the epidemiologic demonstration of elevated breast cancer risk in night-shift workers and other individuals who are increasingly exposed to LEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Hill
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Victoria P Belancio
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Robert T Dauchy
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Shulin Xiang
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Samantha Brimer
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Lulu Mao
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Adam Hauch
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Peter W Lundberg
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Whitney Summers
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Tripp Frasch
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - David E Blask
- Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA Department of Structural and Cellular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USADepartment of SurgeryTulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research ConsortiumCircadian Cancer Biology GroupTulane Center for Circadian BiologyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
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Yankuzo HM, Emilia STS, Shaari R, Yaacob NS. Correlation of Tumour Response with Starting Tumour Size and Dose of Tamoxifen in an N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (NMU)-Induced Rat Mammary Cancer Model. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:6721-6. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Positive and negative effects of glitazones in carcinogenesis: experimental models vs. clinical practice. Pathol Res Pract 2014; 210:465-72. [PMID: 25023882 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes increases cancer risk, which may be modulated by careful choice of treatment. Experimental reports showed efficacy of glitazones in various in vitro and in vivo models of carcinogenesis, but procarcinogenic effects in some models were reported too, and, similarly, data on cancer incidence in glitazone users are inconsistent. This review summarizes oncostatic effects of glitazones in preclinical and clinical studies and brings a brief summary of their impact on cancer risk in diabetic patients, with a focus on the association between pioglitazone use and bladder cancer.
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Hill SM, Cheng C, Yuan L, Mao L, Jockers R, Dauchy B, Frasch T, Blask DE. Declining melatonin levels and MT1 receptor expression in aging rats is associated with enhanced mammary tumor growth and decreased sensitivity to melatonin. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 127:91-8. [PMID: 20549340 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-0958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Serum melatonin (MLT) levels have been reported to diminish significantly by the 5th and 6th decades of life as the incidence of breast cancer increases. Given MLT's anti-cancer activity, we hypothesize that age-related decline in pineal MLT production leads to enhanced breast cancer development and growth as women age. In this study, we sought to determine whether the growth of tissue-isolated mammary tumors in young, adult, and old female Buffalo rats relates to the age-related changes in MLT and its MT1 receptor. Significant decreases in the peak nighttime serum MLT levels were observed in old as compared to adult and young rats. Significantly diminished nighttime and early morning levels of MT1-melatonin receptors were observed in uteri from old rats compared to adult and young rats. Growth rates in transplanted, tissue-isolated, carcinogen-induced mammary tumors are significantly increased in old rats as compared to adult or young rats. The growth-suppressive actions of exogenous MLT are diminished in old rats compared to adult and young rats. This decrease in tumor response correlates with reduced expression of the MT1 receptor in old as compared to young and adult rats. Thus, enhanced mammary tumor growth is associated with old age and diminished levels of MLT and MT1 receptor during old age, resulting in reduced sensitivity to exogenous MLT. Finally, our studies demonstrate that the tissue-isolated tumor model is viable model system in which to study the role of aging on breast cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Hill
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, SL-49, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Mao L, Cheng Q, Guardiola-Lemaître B, Schuster-Klein C, Dong C, Lai L, Hill SM. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of melatonin receptor agonists. J Pineal Res 2010; 49:210-21. [PMID: 20609073 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2010.00781.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive human breast cancer cells in vitro and suppress the growth of carcinogen-induced mammary tumors in rats. Melatonin's antiproliferative effect is mediated, at least in part, through the MT1 melatonin receptor and mechanisms involving modulation of the estrogen-signaling pathway. To develop melatonin analogs with greater therapeutic effects, we have examined the in vitro and in vivo antimitotic activity of two MT1/MT2 melatonin receptor agonists, S23219-1 and S23478-1. In our studies, both agonists are quite effective at suppressing the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. At a concentration of 10⁻⁶ m, S23219-1 and S23478-1 inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells by 60% and 73%, respectively. However, S23478-1 is more effective than melatonin and S23219-1 at repressing the expression and transactivation of the ERα, and modulating the expression of pancreatic spasmolytic polypeptide (pS2), an estrogen-regulated gene. The melatonin agonist S23478-1 exhibited enhanced antitumor potency in the subsequent studies in our animal model. At a dosage of 25 mg/kg/day, S23478-1 is more efficacious than melatonin at inducing regression of the established N-nitroso-N-methyl-urea-induced rat mammary tumors. This dose of S23478-1 (25 mg/kg/day) generated a significant (P < 0.05) overall regression response of 52%. Furthermore, at this dosage, S23478-1 is more effective than melatonin at suppressing the estrogen-signaling pathway and promoting tumor cell apoptosis, significantly increasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, while decreasing the expression of ERα and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Mao
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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11
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Kale A, Gawande S, Kotwal S, Netke S, Roomi MW, Ivanov V, Niedzwiecki A, Rath M. A combination of green tea extract, specific nutrient mixture and quercetin: An effective intervention treatment for the regression of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced mammary tumors in Wistar rats. Oncol Lett 2010; 1:313-317. [PMID: 22966301 DOI: 10.3892/ol_00000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary tumors were developed by intraperitoneal injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in 21-day-old, sexually immature female Wistar rats. Injection of MNU was repeated 14 weeks after the first one. When palpable tumors were evident in all of the rats, various dietary treatments were initiated for a period of 8 weeks. The treatments were designed to provide 30 mg green tea extract either alone or as a nutrient mixture (E). E was then expanded to include either a nutrient supplement (N), quercetin (Q) or both (N+Q). At the end of the treatment, tumor size/rat measured in the live rats was significantly lower in the groups receiving E, E+Q, E+N and E+N+Q than in the positive control (PC) group which did not receive any dietary treatment. Tumor number/rat, tumor volume/rat and tumor weight/rat were evaluated after sacrificing the rats on the 60th day. The rats receiving E+N+Q showed significantly lower values for the three parameters as compared to the PC group. The PC group showed 24 carcinomas mostly of grade III severity, while the E+N+Q group had only 6 carcinomas, all of which were of grade II severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kale
- University Department of Biochemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, India
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12
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Physiology and pharmacology of melatonin in relation to biological rhythms. Pharmacol Rep 2009; 61:383-410. [PMID: 19605939 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an evolutionarily conserved molecule that serves a time-keeping function in various species. In vertebrates, melatonin is produced predominantly by the pineal gland with a marked circadian rhythm that is governed by the central circadian pacemaker (biological clock) in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. High levels of melatonin are normally found at night, and low levels are seen during daylight hours. As a consequence, melatonin has been called the "darkness hormone". This review surveys the current state of knowledge regarding the regulation of melatonin synthesis, receptor expression, and function. In particular, it addresses the physiological, pathological, and therapeutic aspects of melatonin in humans, with an emphasis on biological rhythms.
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13
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Alteration of the MT1 melatonin receptor gene and its expression in primary human breast tumors and breast cancer cell lines. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 118:293-305. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-008-0220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Lai L, Yuan L, Chen Q, Dong C, Mao L, Rowan B, Frasch T, Hill SM. The Galphai and Galphaq proteins mediate the effects of melatonin on steroid/thyroid hormone receptor transcriptional activity and breast cancer cell proliferation. J Pineal Res 2008; 45:476-88. [PMID: 18705646 PMCID: PMC4879591 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2008.00620.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, via its MT1 receptor, but not the MT2 receptor, can modulate the transcriptional activity of various nuclear receptors - estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha), but not ERbeta- in MCF-7, T47D, and ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell lines. The anti-proliferative and nuclear receptor modulatory actions of melatonin are mediated via the MT1 G protein-coupled receptor expressed in human breast cancer cells. However, the specific G proteins and associated pathways involved in the nuclear receptor transcriptional regulation by melatonin are not yet clear. Upon activation, the MT1 receptor specifically couples to the G(alphai2), G(alphai3), G(alphaq), and G(alphall) proteins, and via activation of G(alphai2) proteins, melatonin suppresses forskolin-induced 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate production, while melatonin activation of G(alphaq), is able to inhibit phospholipid hydrolysis and ATP's induction of inositol triphosphate production in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Employing dominant-negative and dominant-positive) forms of these G proteins, we demonstrate that G(alphai2) proteins mediate the suppression of estrogen-induced ERalpha transcriptional activity by melatonin, while the G(q) protein mediates the enhancement of retinoid-induced RARalpha transcriptional activity by melatonin. However, the growth-inhibitory actions of melatonin are mediated via both G(alphai2) and G(alphaq) proteins.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Western
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Colforsin/pharmacology
- Cyclic AMP/analysis
- Cyclic GMP/analysis
- Estrogens/physiology
- Female
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Immunoprecipitation
- Luciferases
- Melatonin/physiology
- Phosphorus Radioisotopes
- Radioimmunoassay
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/physiology
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism
- Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/genetics
- Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lai
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chunmin Dong
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lulu Mao
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Brian Rowan
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tripp Frasch
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Steven M. Hill
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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15
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Bisceglie F, Baldini M, Belicchi-Ferrari M, Buluggiu E, Careri M, Pelosi G, Pinelli S, Tarasconi P. Metal complexes of retinoid derivatives with antiproliferative activity: synthesis, characterization and DNA interaction studies. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 42:627-34. [PMID: 17296250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 12/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
9-cis-Retinal thiosemicarbazone and its Co(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes are synthesized and characterized. Central Co(III) atom is in an octahedral environment while Ni(II) and Cu(II) atoms are in a square planar environment. DNA binding constants and spectroscopic data show an intercalative behavior for the nickel complex; an external binding mode is envisaged for the ligand and its copper complex. No DNA interaction can be hypothesized for the cobalt complex. The free ligand and its Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes have a good lipophilic degree for an efficient uptake by the cells. The metal complexes exhibit a proliferation inhibition action against cell line U937 at micromolar concentration. Cu(II) complex also induces apoptosis, while Ni(II) complex has a strong interaction with CT-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bisceglie
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Viale G P Usberti 17/A, Campus Universitario, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.
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16
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Anisimov VN, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Anisimov SV, Vesnushkin GM, Vinogradova IA. Melatonin as antioxidant, geroprotector and anticarcinogen. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2006; 1757:573-89. [PMID: 16678784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2006] [Accepted: 03/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the pineal indole hormone melatonin on the life span of mice, rats and fruit flies has been studied using various approaches. It has been observed that in female CBA, SHR, SAM and transgenic HER-2/neu mice long-term administration of melatonin was followed by an increase in the mean life span. In rats, melatonin treatment increased survival of male and female rats. In D. melanogaster, supplementation of melatonin to nutrient medium during developmental stages produced contradictory results, but and increase in the longevity of fruit flies has been observed when melatonin was added to food throughout the life span. In mice and rats, melatonin is a potent antioxidant both in vitro and in vivo. Melatonin alone turned out neither toxic nor mutagenic in the Ames test and revealed clastogenic activity at high concentration in the COMET assay. Melatonin has inhibited mutagenesis and clastogenic effect of a number of indirect chemical mutagens. Melatonin inhibits the development of spontaneous and 7-12-dimethlbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)- or N-nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rodents; colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats, N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats, DMBA-induced carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix and vagina in mice; benzo(a)pyrene-induced soft tissue carcinogenesis and lung carcinogenesis induced by urethan in mice. To identify molecular events regulated by melatonin, gene expression profiles were studied in the heart and brain of melatonin-treated CBA mice using cDNA gene expression arrays (15,247 and 16,897 cDNA clone sets, respectively). It was shown that genes controlling the cell cycle, cell/organism defense, protein expression and transport are the primary effectors for melatonin. Melatonin also increased the expression of some mitochondrial genes (16S, cytochrome c oxidases 1 and 3 (COX1 and COX3), and NADH dehydrogenases 1 and 4 (ND1 and ND4)), which agrees with its ability to inhibit free radical processes. Of great interest is the effect of melatonin upon the expression of a large number of genes related to calcium exchange, such as Cul5, Dcamkl1 and Kcnn4; a significant effect of melatonin on the expression of some oncogenesis-related genes was also detected. Thus, we believe that melatonin may be used for the prevention of premature aging and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Anisimov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia.
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