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Liu Y, Sun T, Yang J, Luo J, Zhou H. Fractionated irradiation induces radioresistant oral carcinoma cells with enhanced malignant phenotypes. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:105988. [PMID: 38788293 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The fact that certain oral carcinoma patients experience radiotherapy failure implies that a more radioresistant and aggressive phenotype of surviving cancer cells potentially occurs during treatment. Our study aimed to establish radioresistant oral cancer cells through a fractionated irradiation protocol that mimics clinically relevant radiotherapy dosing strategies and to investigate all-round alterations in the malignant phenotype. METHODS Radioresistant oral carcinoma cells were generated by exposing Cal27 and Detroit 562 cells to 60 Gy radiation in 10 dose-escalating fractions and verified by cell immunofluorescence. Specific markers related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype were assessed by Western blotting. Cell invasion and migration were evaluated using Matrigel-coated transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. Nontargeted metabolomics was used to mechanistically delineate the potential metabolic patterns linked to EMT and CSCs; the CSC phenotype was also examined by sphere formation assays and cell immunofluorescence. RESULTS Radioresistant oral carcinoma cell lines were successfully established and validated. These cells exhibited enhanced EMT and increase in both cell invasion and migration. These radioresistant cells further demonstrated a high metabolic profile, notably marked by lipid metabolism reprogramming and functional enrichment of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Consistently, enhanced CSC phenotype in radioresistant cells was confirmed by elevated expression of stemness markers and increased sphere-forming capacity. CONCLUSION Radioresistant oral carcinoma cells subjected to fractionated radiation exhibit an augmented malignant phenotype. The metabolic characteristics linked to enhanced EMT and CSC phenotypes provide potential targets for improving radiotherapy in oral carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tongxu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Yang Y, Peng Y, Du Y, Lin M, Li J, Gao D, Yang Z, Wang W, Zhou Y, Li X, Yan T, Qi X. Hierarchical self-recognition and response in CSC and non-CSC micro-niches for cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2024; 308:122581. [PMID: 38640783 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) characterized by self-renewal, invasiveness, tumorigenicity and resistance to treatment are regarded as the thorniest issues in refractory tumors. We develop a targeted and hierarchical controlled release nano-therapeutic platform (SEED-NPs) that self-identifies and responds to CSC and non-CSC micro-niches of tumors. In non-CSC micro-niche, reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger the burst release of the chemotherapeutic drug and photosensitizer to kill tumor cells and reduce tumor volume by combining chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). In CSC micro-niche, the preferentially released differentiation drug induces CSC differentiation and transforms CSCs into chemotherapy-sensitive cells. SEED-NPs exhibit an extraordinary capacity for downregulating the stemness of CD44+/CD24- SP (side population) cell population both in vitro and in vivo, and reveal a 4-fold increase of tumor-targeted accumulation. Also, PDT-generated ROS promote the formation of tunneling nanotubes and facilitate the divergent network transport of drugs in deep tumors. Moreover, ROS in turn promotes CSC differentiation and drug release. This positive-feedback-loop strategy enhances the elimination of refractory CSCs. As a result, SEED-NPs achieve excellent therapeutic effects in both 4T1 SP tumor-bearing mice and regular 4T1 tumor-bearing mice without obvious toxicities and eradicate half of mice tumors. SEED-NPs integrate differentiation, chemotherapy and PDT, which proved feasible and valuable, indicating that active targeting and hierarchical release are necessary to enhance antitumor efficacy. These findings provide promising prospects for overcoming barriers in the treatment of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yiwei Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yitian Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Meng Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Datong Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Drug Clinical Trial Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yanxia Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinru Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Taiqiang Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Xianrong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Pérez-Moreno P, Riquelme I, Bizama C, Vergara-Gómez L, Tapia JC, Brebi P, García P, Roa JC. LINC00662 Promotes Aggressive Traits by Modulating OCT4 Expression through miR-335-5p in Gallbladder Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6740. [PMID: 38928444 PMCID: PMC11204134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are nucleotide sequences that participate in different biological processes and are associated with different pathologies, including cancer. Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 662 (LINC00662) has been reported to be involved in different cancers, including colorectal, prostate, and breast cancer. However, its role in gallbladder cancer has not yet been described. In this article, we hypothesize that LINC00662 has an important role in the acquisition of aggressiveness traits such as a stem-like phenotype, invasion, and chemoresistance in gallbladder cancer. Here, we show that LINC00662 is associated with larger tumor size and lymph node metastasis in patients with gallbladder cancer. Furthermore, we show that the overexpression of LINC00662 promotes an increase in CD133+/CD44+ cell populations and the expression of stemness-associated genes. LINC00662 promotes greater invasive capacity and the expression of genes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In addition, the expression of LINC00662 promotes resistance to cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, associated with increased expression of chemoresistance-related ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in gallbladder cancer (GBC) cell lines. Finally, we show that the mechanism by which LINC00662 exerts its function is through a decrease in microRNA 335-5p (miR-335-5p) and an increase in octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in GBC cells. Thus, our data allow us to propose LINC00662 as a biomarker of poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for patients with GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pérez-Moreno
- Programa de Comunicación Celular en Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7780272, Chile;
| | - Ismael Riquelme
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile;
| | - Carolina Bizama
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Centro de Prevención y Control de Cancer (CECAN), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Luis Vergara-Gómez
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Biomedicine and Translational Research Lab, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile;
| | - Julio C. Tapia
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Priscilla Brebi
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology (LIBi), Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (MIII), Center for Excellence in Translational Medicine—Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile;
| | - Patricia García
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Centro de Prevención y Control de Cancer (CECAN), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Centro de Prevención y Control de Cancer (CECAN), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (C.B.); (P.G.)
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Li XH, Huang GZ, Xu ZL, Zhao CY, Dong XY, Cui BK, Lin XJ. IL20RB signaling enhances stemness and chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:911. [PMID: 38098005 PMCID: PMC10722837 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with high mortality, and cancer cell stemness and related drug resistance are considered important contributors to its poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to identify regulatory targets associated with the maintenance of pancreatic cancer stemness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pancreatic tumor samples were collected from patients at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, followed by immunofluorescence analysis. Pancreatic cancer cell lines with Interleukin-20 receptor subunit beta (IL20RB) overexpression and knockdown were established, and clonal formation, spheroid formation and side population cell analysis were conducted. The effects of IL20RB knockdown on the tumor-forming ability of pancreatic cancer cells and chemotherapy resistance in vivo were explored. RESULTS IL20RB expression was significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues, and was correlated with unfavorable prognosis. The IL20RB receptor promotes stemness and chemoresistance in both in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer. Mechanistically, IL20RB enhances the stemness and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer by promoting STAT3 phosphorylation, an effect that can be counteracted by a STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitors. Additionally, Interleukin-19 derived from the microenvironment is identified as the primary ligand for IL20RB in mediating these effects. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that IL20RB plays a crucial role in promoting stemness in pancreatic cancer. This discovery provides a potential therapeutic target for this lethal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Li
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Huang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zi-Lan Xu
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chong-Yu Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Hydropower Hospital, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bo-Kang Cui
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Lin
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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5
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Morales ML, García-Vicente R, Rodríguez-García A, Reyes-Palomares A, Vincelle-Nieto Á, Álvarez N, Ortiz-Ruiz A, Garrido-García V, Giménez A, Carreño-Tarragona G, Sánchez R, Ayala R, Martínez-López J, Linares M. Posttranslational splicing modifications as a key mechanism in cytarabine resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:1649-1659. [PMID: 37422594 PMCID: PMC10400425 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the approval of several drugs for AML, cytarabine is still widely used as a therapeutic approach. However, 85% of patients show resistance and only 10% overcome the disease. Using RNA-seq and phosphoproteomics, we show that RNA splicing and serine-arginine-rich (SR) proteins phosphorylation were altered during cytarabine resistance. Moreover, phosphorylation of SR proteins at diagnosis were significantly lower in responder than non-responder patients, pointing to their utility to predict response. These changes correlated with altered transcriptomic profiles of SR protein target genes. Notably, splicing inhibitors were therapeutically effective in treating sensitive and resistant AML cells as monotherapy or combination with other approved drugs. H3B-8800 and venetoclax combination showed the best efficacy in vitro, demonstrating synergistic effects in patient samples and no toxicity in healthy hematopoietic progenitors. Our results establish that RNA splicing inhibition, alone or combined with venetoclax, could be useful for the treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luz Morales
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Roberto García-Vicente
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Rodríguez-García
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Armando Reyes-Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - África Vincelle-Nieto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Álvarez
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Ortiz-Ruiz
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Garrido-García
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Giménez
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Carreño-Tarragona
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Ayala
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Medicine School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Medicine School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Linares
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, ES 28041, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Manni W, Min W. Signaling pathways in the regulation of cancer stem cells and associated targeted therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e176. [PMID: 36226253 PMCID: PMC9534377 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subpopulation of malignant tumor cells with selective capacities for tumor initiation, self-renewal, metastasis, and unlimited growth into bulks, which are believed as a major cause of progressive tumor phenotypes, including recurrence, metastasis, and treatment failure. A number of signaling pathways are involved in the maintenance of stem cell properties and survival of CSCs, including well-established intrinsic pathways, such as the Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog signaling, and extrinsic pathways, such as the vascular microenvironment and tumor-associated immune cells. There is also intricate crosstalk between these signal cascades and other oncogenic pathways. Thus, targeting pathway molecules that regulate CSCs provides a new option for the treatment of therapy-resistant or -refractory tumors. These treatments include small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies that target key signaling in CSCs, as well as CSC-directed immunotherapies that harness the immune systems to target CSCs. This review aims to provide an overview of the regulating networks and their immune interactions involved in CSC development. We also address the update on the development of CSC-directed therapeutics, with a special focus on those with application approval or under clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Manni
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Wu Min
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksNorth DakotaUSA
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7
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Targeting breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2): Functional inhibitors and expression modulators. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Huang R, Meens J, Yuzwa S, Ailles L, Ohh M, Robinson CM. Side population analysis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 585:196-202. [PMID: 34813980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells have an important role in tumour biology. While their identity in haematological malignancies is clearly defined, stem cell identity remains elusive in some solid tumours. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents the most common form of kidney cancer, but the identity or existence of ccRCC stem cells remains unknown. We aimed to discern their existence using the widely utilised side population approach in ccRCC cell lines. In all cells tested, a well-defined side population was identified, and cell-based assays suggested stem-like properties. However, limiting dilution assays revealed comparable tumour initiating abilities and tumour histology of side and non-side populations, and single cell RNA-sequencing revealed minimal differences between these populations. The results indicate that the side population approach is not sufficient for cancer stem cell discovery in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Jalna Meens
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Scott Yuzwa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Michael Ohh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Claire M Robinson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada; Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 FD82, Ireland.
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Meerson A, Khatib S, Mahajna J. Natural Products Targeting Cancer Stem Cells for Augmenting Cancer Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313044. [PMID: 34884848 PMCID: PMC8657727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been identified in several types of solid tumors. In some cases, CSC may be the source of all the tumor cells, the cause of the tumor's resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, and the source of metastatic cells. Thus, a combination therapy targeting non-CSC tumor cells as well as specifically targeting CSCs holds the potential to be highly effective. Natural products (NPs) have been a historically rich source of biologically active compounds and are known for their ability to influence multiple signaling pathways simultaneously with negligible side effects. In this review, we discuss the potential of NPs in targeting multiple signaling pathways in CSC and their potential to augment the efficacy of standard cancer therapy. Specifically, we focus on the anti-CSC activities of flavonoids, FDA-approved drugs originating from natural sources. Additionally, we emphasize the potential of NPs in targeting microRNA-mediated signaling, given the roles of microRNA in the maintenance of the CSC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Meerson
- Department of Natural Products and Nutrition, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; (A.M.); (S.K.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 12208, Israel
| | - Soliman Khatib
- Department of Natural Products and Nutrition, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; (A.M.); (S.K.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 12208, Israel
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- Department of Natural Products and Nutrition, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; (A.M.); (S.K.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 12208, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Kim NY, Hwang SH, Yang Y, Kim Y. Temozolomide abrogates the aggressiveness of urothelial carcinoma cells by enhancing senescence and depleting the side population. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:845. [PMID: 34733363 PMCID: PMC8561215 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) generally have poor prognoses due to therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, there are limited treatment options for advanced UC. Therefore, novel or effective chemotherapeutic agents are needed to improve patient survival. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of temozolomide (TMZ) on UC cells so as to identify a potential method to overcome therapeutic resistance. TMZ is an alkylating agent with a target different from that of other anticancer drugs used to treat UC, such as cisplatin. TMZ enhanced the autophagic response and senescence, which was mediated via the p53 and p21 pathways. Inhibiting the autophagic response using chloroquine synergistically augmented the cytotoxic effect of TMZ on UC cells. TMZ significantly reduced the invasiveness of UC cells. Notably, the abundance of side population fraction was also significantly reduced following TMZ treatment. Considering that side population fraction is known to confer therapeutic resistance, it is noteworthy that the TMZ treatment markedly decreased side population fraction. Altogether, TMZ may have the potential to be applied as a part of an alternative treatment strategy to reduce the malignancy of UC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Yon Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongbaek Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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11
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Gasymov OK, Celik S, Agaeva G, Akyuz S, Kecel-Gunduz S, Qocayev NM, Ozel AE, Agaeva U, Bakhishova M, Aliyev JA. Evaluation of anti-cancer and anti-covid-19 properties of cationic pentapeptide Glu-Gln-Arg-Pro-Arg, from rice bran protein and its d-isomer analogs through molecular docking simulations. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 108:107999. [PMID: 34352727 PMCID: PMC8325105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from food proteins are becoming increasingly popular due to the growing awareness of their health-promoting properties. The structure and mechanism of anti-cancer action of pentapeptide Glu-Gln-Arg-Pro-Arg (EQRPR) derived from a rice bran protein are not known. Theoretical and experimental methods were employed to fill this gap. The conformation analysis of the EQRPR pentapeptide was performed first and the obtained lowest energy conformer was optimized. The experimental structural data obtained by FTIR and CD spectroscopies agree well with the theoretical results. d-isomer introduced one-by-one to each position and all D-isomers of the peptide were also examined for its possible anti-proteolytic and activity enhancement properties. The molecular docking revealed avid binding of the pentapeptide to the integrins α5β1 and αIIbβ3, with Kd values of 90 nM and 180 nM, respectively. Moreover, the EQRPR and its D-isomers showed strong binding affinities to apo- and holo-forms of Mpro, spike glycoprotein, ACE2, and dACE2. The predicted results indicate that the pentapeptide may significantly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, the peptide has the potential to be the leading molecule in the drug discovery process as having multifunctional with diverse biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay K Gasymov
- Laboratory of Structure, Dynamics and Functions of Biomolecules, Institute of Biophysics of ANAS, 117 Z. Khalilov, Baku, AZ1171, Azerbaijan.
| | - Sefa Celik
- Physics Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulshen Agaeva
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Physical Problems, Baku State University, Z.Khalilov, 23, Baku, AZ1148, Azerbaijan
| | - Sevim Akyuz
- Physics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Bakirkoy 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serda Kecel-Gunduz
- Physics Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Niftali M Qocayev
- Department of Physics, Baku State University, Z.Khalilov, 23, Baku, AZ1148, Azerbaijan
| | - Ayşen E Ozel
- Physics Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulker Agaeva
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Physical Problems, Baku State University, Z.Khalilov, 23, Baku, AZ1148, Azerbaijan
| | - Matanat Bakhishova
- Laboratory of Structure, Dynamics and Functions of Biomolecules, Institute of Biophysics of ANAS, 117 Z. Khalilov, Baku, AZ1171, Azerbaijan
| | - Jamil A Aliyev
- National Center of Oncology, Azerbaijan Republic Ministry of Health, H.Zardabi, 79B, Baku, AZ1012, Azerbaijan
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12
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Abd El-Rhman RH, El-Naga RN, Gad AM, Tadros MG, Hassaneen SK. Dibenzazepine Attenuates Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Involvement of NOTCH Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:567852. [PMID: 33381027 PMCID: PMC7768080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.567852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the standard anti-cancer agents that are used to treat variety of solid tumors. Nevertheless, due to the accumulation of cisplatin in the renal epithelial cells, nephrotoxicity was found to be the main side effect that limits its clinical use. The current study was conducted to assess the potential nephroprotective effect of dibenzazepine, a Notch inhibitor, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats as well as the possible mechanisms underlying this nephroprotection. The rats were pre-treated with 2 mg/kg dibenzazepine for 7 days before giving a single nephrotoxic dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg). Cisplatin induced acute nephrotoxicity, where blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were significantly increased. Besides, lipid peroxidation was markedly elevated and the levels of reduced glutathione and catalase were significantly reduced. Also, the tissue levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators; IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-kB, were significantly increased in the cisplatin group. The pre-treatment with dibenzazepine significantly mitigated the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin, the oxidative stress and inflammatory status as well as decreased caspase-3 expression, as compared to the cisplatin group. Furthermore, the up-regulation of Notch-1 and Hes-1 was found to be involved in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and their expression was significantly reduced by dibenzazepine. The nephroprotective effect of dibenzazepine was further confirmed by the histopathological assessment. Moreover, dibenzazepine pre-treatment of hela and PC3 cells in vitro did not antagonize the cisplatin anti-cancer activity. In conclusion, these findings show that dibenzazepine provides protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Moreover, the up-regulation of the Notch pathway was shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (ED), Giza, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, East Kantara Branch, New City, El Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mariane G Tadros
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Soghli N, Qujeq D, Yousefi T, Soghli N. The regulatory functions of circular RNAs in osteosarcoma. Genomics 2020; 112:2845-2856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Yang L, Shi P, Zhao G, Xu J, Peng W, Zhang J, Zhang G, Wang X, Dong Z, Chen F, Cui H. Targeting cancer stem cell pathways for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:8. [PMID: 32296030 PMCID: PMC7005297 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 886] [Impact Index Per Article: 221.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since cancer stem cells (CSCs) were first identified in leukemia in 1994, they have been considered promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. These cells have self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential and contribute to multiple tumor malignancies, such as recurrence, metastasis, heterogeneity, multidrug resistance, and radiation resistance. The biological activities of CSCs are regulated by several pluripotent transcription factors, such as OCT4, Sox2, Nanog, KLF4, and MYC. In addition, many intracellular signaling pathways, such as Wnt, NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), Notch, Hedgehog, JAK-STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription), PI3K/AKT/mTOR (phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin), TGF (transforming growth factor)/SMAD, and PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor), as well as extracellular factors, such as vascular niches, hypoxia, tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, cancer-associated mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular matrix, and exosomes, have been shown to be very important regulators of CSCs. Molecules, vaccines, antibodies, and CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T cell) cells have been developed to specifically target CSCs, and some of these factors are already undergoing clinical trials. This review summarizes the characterization and identification of CSCs, depicts major factors and pathways that regulate CSC development, and discusses potential targeted therapy for CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaichao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.
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15
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chang H, Li B, Zhang X, Meng X. NCK1-AS1 promotes NCK1 expression to facilitate tumorigenesis and chemo-resistance in ovarian cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 522:292-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Cancer Stem Cells and Osteosarcoma: Opportunities and Limitations. Tech Orthop 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/bto.0000000000000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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17
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Atashzar MR, Baharlou R, Karami J, Abdollahi H, Rezaei R, Pourramezan F, Zoljalali Moghaddam SH. Cancer stem cells: A review from origin to therapeutic implications. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:790-803. [PMID: 31286518 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), are elucidated as cells that can perpetuate themselves via autorestoration. These cells are highly resistant to current therapeutic approaches and are the main reason for cancer recurrence. Radiotherapy has made a lot of contributions to cancer treatment. However, despite continuous achievements, therapy resistance and tumor recurrence are still prevalent in most patients. This resistance might be partly related to the existence of CSCs. In the present study, recent advances in the investigation of different biological properties of CSCs, such as their origin, markers, characteristics, and targeting have been reviewed. We have also focused our discussion on radioresistance and adaptive responses of CSCs and their related extrinsic and intrinsic influential factors. In summary, we suggest CSCs as the prime therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Atashzar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Rasoul Baharlou
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Jafar Karami
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Abdollahi
- Department of Radiologic Sciences and Medical Physics, School of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ramazan Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pourramezan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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18
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El-Badawy A, Ghoneim NI, Nasr MA, Elkhenany H, Ahmed TA, Ahmed SM, El-Badri N. Telomerase reverse transcriptase coordinates with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through a feedback loop to define properties of breast cancer stem cells. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.034181. [PMID: 29907642 PMCID: PMC6078341 DOI: 10.1242/bio.034181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase and its core component, telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), are critical for stem cell compartment integrity. Normal adult stem cells have the longest telomeres in a given tissue, a property mediated by high hTERT expression and high telomerase enzymatic activity. In contrast, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have short telomeres despite high expression of hTERT, indicating that the role of hTERT in CSCs is not limited to telomere elongation and/or maintenance. The function of hTERT in CSCs remains poorly understood. Here, we knocked down hTERT expression in CSCs and observed a morphological shift to a more epithelial phenotype, suggesting a role for hTERT in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CSCs. Therefore, in this study, we systematically explored the relationship between hTERT and EMT and identified a reciprocal, bi-directional feedback loop between hTERT and EMT in CSCs. We found that hTERT expression is mutually exclusive to the mesenchymal phenotype and that, reciprocally, loss of the mesenchymal phenotype represses hTERT expression. We also showed that hTERT plays a critical role in the expression of key CSC markers and nuclear β-catenin localization, increases the percentage of cells with side-population properties, and upregulates the CD133 expression. hTERT also promotes chemoresistance properties, tumorsphere formation and other important functional CSC properties. Subsequently, hTERT knockdown leads to the loss of the above advantages, indicating a loss of CSC properties. Our findings suggest that targeting hTERT might improve CSCs elimination by transitioning them from the aggressive mesenchymal state to a more steady epithelial state, thereby preventing cancer progression. Summary: This study describe a reciprocal, bi-directional feedback loop between hTERT and EMT to regulate properties of CSCs, suggesting that targeting hTERT may eliminate CSCs, thereby preventing cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Badawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Ghoneim
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Nasr
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Hoda Elkhenany
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt.,Department of Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22785, Egypt
| | - Toka A Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Sara M Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12588, Egypt
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19
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Snyder V, Reed-Newman TC, Arnold L, Thomas SM, Anant S. Cancer Stem Cell Metabolism and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2018; 8:203. [PMID: 29922594 PMCID: PMC5996058 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors contain heterogeneous populations of cells in various states of proliferation and differentiation. The presence of cancer stem or initiating cells is a well-established concept wherein quiescent and poorly differentiated cells within a tumor mass contribute to drug resistance, and under permissive conditions, are responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. A number of studies have identified molecular markers that are characteristic of tissue-specific cancer stem cells (CSCs). Isolation of CSCs has enabled studies on the metabolic status of CSCs. As metabolic plasticity is a hallmark of cancer cell adaptation, the intricacies of CSC metabolism and their phenotypic behavior are critical areas of research. Unlike normal stem cells, which rely heavily on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as their primary source of energy, or cancer cells, which are primarily glycolytic, CSCs demonstrate a unique metabolic flexibility. CSCs can switch between OXPHOS and glycolysis in the presence of oxygen to maintain homeostasis and, thereby, promote tumor growth. Here, we review key factors that impact CSC metabolic phenotype including heterogeneity of CSCs across different histologic tumor types, tissue-specific variations, tumor microenvironment, and CSC niche. Furthermore, we discuss how targeting key players of glycolytic and mitochondrial pathways has shown promising results in cancer eradication and attenuation of disease recurrence in preclinical models. In addition, we highlight studies on other potential therapeutic targets including complex interactions within the microenvironment and cellular communications in the CSC niche to interfere with CSC growth, resistance, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vusala Snyder
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Tamika C Reed-Newman
- Department of General Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Levi Arnold
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.,Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.,Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Department of General Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.,Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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20
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Recent advances and perspectives on capture and concentration of label-free rare cells for biomedical science and engineering research. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Garcinol inhibits cancer stem cell-like phenotype via suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin/STAT3 axis signalling pathway in human non-small cell lung carcinomas. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 54:140-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Ruihua H, Mengyi Z, Chong Z, Meng Q, Xin M, Qiulin T, Feng B, Ming L. RhoA regulates resistance to irinotecan by regulating membrane transporter and apoptosis signaling in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:87136-87146. [PMID: 27888624 PMCID: PMC5349977 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. While surgery remains the mainstay of treatment in early stage CRC, chemotherapy is usually given to prolong the overall survival and improve the quality of life for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). But drug resistance is one of the major hurdles of mCRC treatment, and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this study, we show that, compared with parental cells, RhoA is up-regulated in irinotecan (CPT-11)-resistant CRC cells. Furthermore, inhibition of RhoA in drug resistant cells, at least partially, rescues the resistance against irinotecan and increases the sensitivity to other chemotherapeutic drug by inhibiting expression of MDR1, MRP1and GSTP1, promotes apoptosis by suppressing the expression of BCL-XL and Bcl-2 and increasing Bax expression, and significantly decreases side population cells. Our results suggest that, in addition to survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion, cell cycle and gene transcription, RhoA is also involved in chemoresistance by regulating the expression of membrane transporter and apoptosis protein in colorectal cancer. They raise an interesting possibility that the expression of RhoA may indicate a poor prognosis due to the high probability to therapy resistance and, on the other hand, inhibition of RhoA activity and function may overcome chemoresistance and improve the effectiveness of clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Ruihua
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhang Mengyi
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhao Chong
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Tumor Hospital of Chengdu/The Seventh Peoples's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiu Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ma Xin
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tang Qiulin
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bi Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liu Ming
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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23
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Augsburger D, Nelson PJ, Kalinski T, Udelnow A, Knösel T, Hofstetter M, Qin JW, Wang Y, Gupta AS, Bonifatius S, Li M, Bruns CJ, Zhao Y. Current diagnostics and treatment of fibrosarcoma -perspectives for future therapeutic targets and strategies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104638-104653. [PMID: 29262667 PMCID: PMC5732833 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-type fibrosarcoma is a rare and highly aggressive subtype of soft tissue sarcomas. Due to the existence of other spindle-cell shaped sarcomas, its diagnosis is always one of exclusion. The likelihood of misdiagnoses between similar tumour entities is high, and often leads to inappropriate tumour treatment. We summarize here the main features of fibrosarcoma. When fibrosarcoma is appropriately diagnosed, the patient`s overall prognosis is generally quite poor. Fibrosarcoma is characterized by its low sensitivity towards radio- and chemotherapy as well as by its high rate of tumour recurrences. Thus it is important to identify new methods to improve treatment of this tumour entity. We discuss some promising new directions in fibrosarcoma research, specifically focusing on more effective targeting of the tumour microenvironment. Communication between tumour cells and their surrounding stromal tissue play a crucial role in cancer progression, invasion, metastasis and chemosensitivity. The therapeutic potential of targeting the tumour microenvironment is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Augsburger
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter J. Nelson
- Clinical Biochemistry Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kalinski
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andrej Udelnow
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Hofstetter
- Clinical Biochemistry Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ji Wei Qin
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Arvid Sen Gupta
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Bonifatius
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Minglun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane J. Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Present address: Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Present address: Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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El-Badawy A, Ghoneim MA, Gabr MM, Salah RA, Mohamed IK, Amer M, El-Badri N. Cancer cell-soluble factors reprogram mesenchymal stromal cells to slow cycling, chemoresistant cells with a more stem-like state. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:254. [PMID: 29115987 PMCID: PMC5688803 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play different roles in modulating tumor progression, growth, and metastasis. MSCs are recruited to the tumor site in large numbers and subsequently have an important microenvironmental role in modulating tumor progression and drug sensitivity. However, the effect of the tumor microenvironment on MSC plasticity remains poorly understood. Herein, we report a paracrine effect of cancer cells, in which they secrete soluble factors that promote a more stem-like state in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). METHODS The effect of soluble factors secreted from MCF7, Hela, and HepG2 cancer cell lines on BM-MSCs was assessed using a Transwell indirect coculture system. After 5 days of coculture, BM-MSCs were characterized by flow cytometry for surface marker expression, by qPCR for gene expression profile, and by confocal immunofluorescence for marker expression. We then measured the sensitivity of cocultured BM-MSCs to chemotherapeutic agents, their cell cycle profile, and their response to DNA damage. The sphere formation, invasive properties, and in-vivo performance of BM-MSCs after coculture with cancer cells were also measured. RESULTS Indirect coculture of cancer cells and BM-MSCs, without direct cell contact, generated slow cycling, chemoresistant spheroid stem cells that highly expressed markers of pluripotency, cancer cells, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). They also displayed properties of a side population and enhanced sphere formation in culture. Accordingly, these cells were termed cancer-induced stem cells (CiSCs). CiSCs showed a more mesenchymal phenotype that was further augmented upon TGF-β stimulation and demonstrated a high expression of the β-catenin pathway and ALDH1A1. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that MSCs, recruited to the tumor microenvironment in large numbers, may display cellular plasticity, acquire a more stem-like state, and acquire some properties of CSCs upon exposure to cancer cell-secreted factors. These acquired characteristics may contribute to tumor progression, survival, and metastasis. Our findings provide new insights into the interactions between MSCs and cancer cells, with the potential to identify novel molecular targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Badawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud M. Gabr
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Radwa Ayman Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ihab K. Mohamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Amer
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 12588, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
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Moriya C, Taniguchi H, Miyata K, Nishiyama N, Kataoka K, Imai K. Inhibition of PRDM14 expression in pancreatic cancer suppresses cancer stem-like properties and liver metastasis in mice. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:638-648. [PMID: 28498896 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer, with aggressive properties characterized by metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance. Cancer stem cells are considered to be responsible for these properties. PRDM14, a transcriptional regulator that maintains pluripotency in embryonic stem cells, is overexpressed in some cancers. Here, we assessed PRDM14 expression and the effects of PRDM14 knockdown on cancer stem-like phenotypes in pancreatic cancer. We observed that PRDM14 protein was overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with normal pancreatic tissues. Using lentiviral shRNA-transduced pancreatic cancer cells, we found that PRDM14 knockdown decreased sphere formation, number of side population and cell surface marker-positive cells and subcutaneous xenograft tumors and liver metastasis in mice. This was accompanied by upregulation of some microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-125a-3p. miR-125a-3p, a tumor suppressor that is down-regulated in pancreatic cancer, has been suggested to regulate the expression of the Src-family kinase, Fyn. In PRDM14-knockdown cells, Fyn was expressed at lower levels and downstream proteins were less activated. These changes were considered to cause suppression of the above cancer phenotypes. In addition, we used small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapy targeting PRDM14 in a mouse model of liver metastasis induced using MIA-PaCa2 cells, and this treatment significantly decreased metastasis and in vitro migration. Taken together, these results suggest that targeting the overexpression of PRDM14 suppresses cancer stem-like phenotypes, including liver metastasis, via miRNA regulation and siRNA-based therapy targeting it shows promise as a treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan, Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Polymer Chemistry Division, Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan and
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan, Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kohzoh Imai
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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Wei ZT, Yu XW, He JX, Liu Y, Zhang SL. Characteristics of primary side population cervical cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3536-3544. [PMID: 28927110 PMCID: PMC5588017 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize side population (SP) cells in primary cervical cancer. A primary culture was successfully established, and the SP cells were isolated via fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Subsequently, in vitro analysis of clonogenic capacity by soft agar assay and in vivo analysis of tumorigenicity were performed. The isolated SP cells accounted for ~4.73% of the total primary culture cells. The SP cells had a decreased proliferation rate and an increased distribution in G0/G1 compared with non-SP (NSP) cells. Following isolation, SP cells exhibited increased proliferative and self-renewal potency compared with NSP cells. Furthermore, significant ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) expression was detected in SP cells but not in NSP cells. The tumor formation rate of SP cells was longer, and the tumor size and tumor formation rate of SP cells were increased in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SP cells can be isolated from primary cervical cancer cell culture, and SP cells are enriched with stem cell-like cells that have a high capacity for colony formation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Tong Wei
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Xue He
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Military Veterinary Institute, Acadamy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Song-Ling Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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27
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Madhumathi J, Sridevi S, Verma RS. CD25 targeted therapy of chemotherapy resistant leukemic stem cells using DR5 specific TRAIL peptide. Stem Cell Res 2017; 19:65-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Abbaszadegan MR, Bagheri V, Razavi MS, Momtazi AA, Sahebkar A, Gholamin M. Isolation, identification, and characterization of cancer stem cells: A review. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2008-2018. [PMID: 28019667 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) as a small subset of neoplastic cells are able to produce a tumor (tumorigenesis), maintain the population of tumorigenic cells (self-renewal), and generate the heterogeneous cells constructing the entire tumor (pluripotency). The research on stationary and circulating CSCs due to resistance to conventional therapies and inability in complete eradication of cancer is critical for developing novel therapeutic strategies for a more effective reduction in the risk of tumor metastasis and cancer recurrence. This review compiles information about different methods of detection and dissociation, side population, cellular markers, and establishment culture of CSCs, as well as characteristics of CSCs such as tumorigenicity, and signaling pathways associated with self-renewal and the capability of the same histological tumor regeneration in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Human Genetic Division, Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Bagheri
- Human Genetic Division, Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahya Shariat Razavi
- Human Genetic Division, Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi
- Student Research Committee, Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Gholamin
- Human Genetic Division, Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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29
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Choi SY, Kim HR, Ryu PD, Lee SY. Regulation of voltage-gated potassium channels attenuates resistance of side-population cells to gefitinib in the human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0118-9 order by 25532--] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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30
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Choi SY, Kim HR, Ryu PD, Lee SY. Regulation of voltage-gated potassium channels attenuates resistance of side-population cells to gefitinib in the human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 18:14. [PMID: 28219421 PMCID: PMC5319158 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Side-population (SP) cells that exclude anti-cancer drugs have been found in various tumor cell lines. Moreover, SP cells have a higher proliferative potential and drug resistance than main population cells (Non-SP cells). Also, several ion channels are responsible for the drug resistance and proliferation of SP cells in cancer. METHODS To confirm the expression and function of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels of SP cells, these cells, as well as highly expressed ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and stemness genes, were isolated from a gefitinib-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (NCI-H460), using Hoechst 33342 efflux. RESULTS In the present study, we found that mRNA expression of Kv channels in SP cells was different compared to Non-SP cells, and the resistance of SP cells to gefitinib was weakened with a combination treatment of gefitinib and Kv channel blockers or a Kv7 opener, compared to single-treatment gefitinib, through inhibition of the Ras-Raf signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that Kv channels in SP cells could be new targets for reducing the resistance to gefitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Young Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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31
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Choi SY, Kim HR, Ryu PD, Lee SY. Regulation of voltage-gated potassium channels attenuates resistance of side-population cells to gefitinib in the human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0118-9 order by 21742--] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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32
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Nivedita N, Garg N, Lee AP, Papautsky I. A high throughput microfluidic platform for size-selective enrichment of cell populations in tissue and blood samples. Analyst 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00290d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We present an integrated platform for highly selective separation and enrichment of cells from blood and tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Nivedita
- Department of Pharmacology
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Neha Garg
- BioMiNT Lab
- Biomedical Engineering Department
- University of California
- Irvine
- USA
| | - Abraham P. Lee
- BioMiNT Lab
- Biomedical Engineering Department
- University of California
- Irvine
- USA
| | - Ian Papautsky
- NSF Center for Advanced Design and Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM)
- Department of Bioengineering
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
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33
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López-Gómez M, Casado E, Muñoz M, Alcalá S, Moreno-Rubio J, D'Errico G, Jiménez-Gordo AM, Salinas S, Sainz B. Current evidence for cancer stem cells in gastrointestinal tumors and future research perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 107:54-71. [PMID: 27823652 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a very heterogeneous subpopulation of "stem-like" cancer cells that have been identified in many cancers, including leukemias and solid tumors. It is believed that CSCs drive tumor growth, malignant behavior and are responsible for the initiation of metastatic spread. In addition, CSCs have been implicated in chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. Current evidence supports the theory that CSCs share at least two main features of normal stem cells: self-renewal and differentiation, properties that contribute to tumor survival even in the presence of aggressive chemotherapy; however, the mechanism(s) governing the unique biology of CSCs remain unclear. In the field of gastrointestinal cancer, where we face very low survival rates across different tumor types, unraveling the role of CSCs in gastrointestinal tumors should improve our knowledge of cancer biology and chemoresistance, ultimately benefiting patient survival. Towards this end, much effort is being invested in the characterization of CSCs as a means of overcoming drug resistance and controlling metastatic spread. In this review we will cover the concept of CSCs, the current evidence for CSCs in gastrointestinal tumors and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam López-Gómez
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain; Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Enrique Casado
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain; Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Muñoz
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Biology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Moreno-Rubio
- Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriele D'Errico
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana María Jiménez-Gordo
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain; Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Salinas
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Biology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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Wang J, Xin B, Wang H, He X, Wei W, Zhang T, Shen X. Gastrin regulates ABCG2 to promote the migration, invasion and side populations in pancreatic cancer cells via activation of NF-κB signaling. Exp Cell Res 2016; 346:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Honokiol inhibits sphere formation and xenograft growth of oral cancer side population cells accompanied with JAK/STAT signaling pathway suppression and apoptosis induction. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:245. [PMID: 27012679 PMCID: PMC4806492 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eliminating cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been suggested for prevention of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Honokiol, an active compound of Magnolia officinalis, had been proposed to be a potential candidate drug for cancer treatment. We explored its effects on the elimination of oral CSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Methods By using the Hoechst side population (SP) technique, CSCs-like SP cells were isolated from human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines, SAS and OECM-1. Effects of honokiol on the apoptosis and signaling pathways of SP-derived spheres were examined by Annexin V/Propidium iodide staining and Western blotting, respectively. The in vivo effectiveness was examined by xenograft mouse model and immunohistochemical tissue staining. Results The SP cells possessed higher stemness marker expression (ABCG2, Ep-CAM, Oct-4 and Nestin), clonogenicity, sphere formation capacity as well as tumorigenicity when compared to the parental cells. Treatment of these SP-derived spheres with honokiol resulted in apoptosis induction via Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3-dependent pathway. This apoptosis induction was associated with marked suppression of JAK2/STAT3, Akt and Erk signaling pathways in honokiol-treated SAS spheres. Consistent with its effect on JAK2/STAT3 suppression, honokiol also markedly inhibited IL-6-mediated migration of SAS cells. Accordingly, honokiol dose-dependently inhibited the growth of SAS SP xenograft and markedly reduced the immunohistochemical staining of PCNA and endothelial marker CD31 in the xenograft tumor. Conclusions Honokiol suppressed the sphere formation and xenograft growth of oral CSC-like cells in association with apoptosis induction and inhibition of survival/proliferation signaling pathways as well as angiogenesis. These results suggest its potential as an integrative medicine for combating oral cancer through targeting on CSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2265-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Mamoori A, Gopalan V, Smith RA, Lam AKY. Modulatory roles of microRNAs in the regulation of different signalling pathways in large bowel cancer stem cells. Biol Cell 2016; 108:51-64. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201500062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Afraa Mamoori
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland Australia
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine; University of Babylon; Iraq
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Robert Anthony Smith
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation; Queensland University of Technology; Queensland Australia
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland Australia
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Podolski-Renić A, Milošević Z, Dinić J, Stanković T, Banković J, Pešić M. Mutual regulation and targeting of multidrug resistance and cancer stem phenotype. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00391e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Targeting stemness mechanisms leads to the suppression of ABC transporter activity and elimination of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Podolski-Renić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”
- University of Belgrade
- 11060 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Zorica Milošević
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”
- University of Belgrade
- 11060 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Jelena Dinić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”
- University of Belgrade
- 11060 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Tijana Stanković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”
- University of Belgrade
- 11060 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Jasna Banković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”
- University of Belgrade
- 11060 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Milica Pešić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”
- University of Belgrade
- 11060 Belgrade
- Serbia
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38
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Cancer stem cells in laryngeal cancer: what we know. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 273:3487-3495. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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39
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Cancer stem cells in human digestive tract malignancies. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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40
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Sun DX, Liao GJ, Liu KG, Jian H. Endosialin‑expressing bone sarcoma stem‑like cells are highly tumor‑initiating and invasive. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5665-70. [PMID: 26300407 PMCID: PMC4581793 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that the presence of a small group of cancer stem-like 'side population (SP)' cells is responsible for therapy failure and tumor recurrence. The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multidrug resistance of SP cells. Furthermore, these SP cells displayed increased expression of endosialin (CD248) and other stem cell surface proteins, including CD133, octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4A, Nanog and Nestin, which are ultimately responsible for high self-renewal and deregulated cell proliferation. In addition, it was shown that endosialin-overexpressing SP cells were able to regenerate the tumor population and had a high invasive potential. Therefore, the present study suggested that osteosarcoma SP cells were cancer stem cells, as they displayed stem-like properties; furthermore, endosialin may be a potential target to prevent osteosarcoma recurrence following chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xiu Sun
- Department of Operating Room, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Jun Liao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Gui Liu
- The Joint Department of Orthopaedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Han Jian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Molecular signalling in hepatocellular carcinoma: Role of and crosstalk among WNT/ß-catenin, Sonic Hedgehog, Notch and Dickkopf-1. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 29:209-17. [PMID: 25965442 PMCID: PMC4444031 DOI: 10.1155/2015/172356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. In the majority of cases, there is evidence of existing chronic liver disease from a variety of causes including viral hepatitis B and C, alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Identification of the signalling pathways used by hepatocellular carcinoma cells to proliferate, invade or metastasize is of paramount importance in the discovery and implementation of successfully targeted therapies. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin, Notch and Hedgehog pathways play a critical role in regulating liver cell proliferation during development and in controlling crucial functions of the adult liver in the initiation and progression of human cancers. β-catenin was identified as a protein interacting with the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin at the cell-cell junction, and has been shown to be one of the most important mediators of the Wnt signalling pathway in tumourigenesis. Investigations into the role of Dikkopf-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma have demonstrated controversial results, with a decreased expression of Dickkopf-1 and soluble frizzled-related protein in various cancers on one hand, and as a possible negative prognostic indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma on the other. In the present review, the authors focus on the Wnt⁄β-catenin, Notch and Sonic Hedgehog pathways, and their interaction with Dikkopf-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Lai IC, Shih PH, Yao CJ, Yeh CT, Wang-Peng J, Lui TN, Chuang SE, Hu TS, Lai TY, Lai GM. Elimination of cancer stem-like cells and potentiation of temozolomide sensitivity by Honokiol in glioblastoma multiforme cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0114830. [PMID: 25763821 PMCID: PMC4357432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common adult malignant glioma with poor prognosis due to the resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which might be critically involved in the repopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) after treatment. We had investigated the characteristics of cancer stem-like side population (SP) cells sorted from GBM cells, and studied the effect of Honokiol targeting on CSCs. GBM8401 SP cells possessed the stem cell markers, such as nestin, CD133 and Oct4, and the expressions of self-renewal related stemness genes, such as SMO, Notch3 and IHH (Indian Hedgehog). Honokiol inhibited the proliferation of both GBM8401 parental cells and SP cells in a dose-dependent manner, the IC50 were 5.3±0.72 and 11±1.1 μM, respectively. The proportions of SP in GBM8401 cells were diminished by Honokiol from 1.5±0.22% down to 0.3±0.02% and 0.2±0.01% at doses of 2.5 μM and 5 μM, respectively. The SP cells appeared to have higher expression of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and be more resistant to Temozolomide (TMZ). The resistance to TMZ could be only slightly reversed by MGMT inhibitor O6-benzylguanine (O6-BG), but markedly further enhanced by Honokiol addition. Such significant enhancement was accompanied with the higher induction of apoptosis, greater down-regulation of Notch3 as well as its downstream Hes1 expressions in SP cells. Our data indicate that Honokiol might have clinical benefits for the GBM patients who are refractory to TMZ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chun Lai
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsiao Shih
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Yao
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jacqueline Wang-Peng
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ngar Lui
- Division of Neurosurgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suang-En Chuang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Shu Hu
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Lai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gi-Ming Lai
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Schulenburg A, Blatt K, Cerny-Reiterer S, Sadovnik I, Herrmann H, Marian B, Grunt TW, Zielinski CC, Valent P. Cancer stem cells in basic science and in translational oncology: can we translate into clinical application? J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:16. [PMID: 25886184 PMCID: PMC4345016 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their description and identification in leukemias and solid tumors, cancer stem cells (CSC) have been the subject of intensive research in translational oncology. Indeed, recent advances have led to the identification of CSC markers, CSC targets, and the preclinical and clinical evaluation of the CSC-eradicating (curative) potential of various drugs. However, although diverse CSC markers and targets have been identified, several questions remain, such as the origin and evolution of CSC, mechanisms underlying resistance of CSC against various targeted drugs, and the biochemical basis and function of stroma cell-CSC interactions in the so-called ‘stem cell niche.’ Additional aspects that have to be taken into account when considering CSC elimination as primary treatment-goal are the genomic plasticity and extensive subclone formation of CSC. Notably, various cell fractions with different combinations of molecular aberrations and varying proliferative potential may display CSC function in a given neoplasm, and the related molecular complexity of the genome in CSC subsets is considered to contribute essentially to disease evolution and acquired drug resistance. In the current article, we discuss new developments in the field of CSC research and whether these new concepts can be exploited in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schulenburg
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Wien, Austria. .,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Katharina Blatt
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Sabine Cerny-Reiterer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Radiation Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Brigitte Marian
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Thomas W Grunt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Christoph C Zielinski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Peter Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
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Murray JW, Han D, Wolkoff AW. Hepatocytes maintain greater fluorescent bile acid accumulation and greater sensitivity to drug-induced cell death in three-dimensional matrix culture. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/12/e12198. [PMID: 25524275 PMCID: PMC4332201 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatocytes undergo phenotypic dedifferentiation upon isolation from liver that typically includes down regulation of uptake transporters and up regulation of efflux transporters. Culturing cells between layers of collagen in a three‐dimensional (3D) “sandwich” is reported to restore hepatic phenotype. This report examines how 3D culturing affects accumulation of fluorophores, the cytotoxic response to bile acids and drugs, and whether cell to cell differences in fluorescent anion accumulation correlate with differences in cytotoxicity. Hepatocytes were found to accumulate fluorescent bile acid (FBA) at significantly higher levels than the related fluorophores, carboxyfluorescein diacetate, (4.4‐fold), carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (4.8‐fold), and fluorescein (30‐fold). In 2D culture, FBA accumulation decreased to background levels by 32 h, Hoechst nuclear accumulation strongly decreased, and nuclear diameter increased, indicative of an efflux phenotype. In 3D culture, FBA accumulation was maintained through 168 h but at 1/3 the original intensity. Cell to cell differences in accumulated FBA did not correlate with levels of liver zonal markers L‐FBAP (zone 1) or glutamine synthetase (zone 3). Cytotoxic response to hydrophobic bile acids, acetaminophen, and phalloidin was maintained in 3D culture, and cells with higher FBA accumulation showed 12–18% higher toxicity than the total population toward hydrophobic bile acids (P < 0.05). Long‐term imaging showed oscillations in the accumulation of FBA over periods of hours. Overall, the studies suggest that high accumulation of FBA can indicate the sensitivity of cultured hepatocytes to hydrophobic bile acids and other toxins. These studies use automated image analysis and fluorescent dye accumulation to demonstrate that 3D culturing enhances organic anion accumulation and cytotoxic response in long‐term hepatocyte cultures. The level of anion accumulation was found to vary through days in culture and also between single cells, and higher fluorescent bile acid accumulation correlated with higher toxic response to hydrophobic bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Murray
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Dennis Han
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Allan W Wolkoff
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
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Kangwan N, Park JM, Kim EH, Hahm KB. Chemoquiescence for ideal cancer treatment and prevention: where are we now? J Cancer Prev 2014; 19:89-6. [PMID: 25337576 PMCID: PMC4204166 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2014.19.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular quiescence is a state of reversible cell cycle arrest and is associated with a low metabolic state featured with decreased glycolysis, reduced translation rates, and activation of autophagy, fundamentally to provide nutrients for cell survival similar as seen in hybernation. As signal for quiescence, inactivating the target of rapamycin kinase and resulting reduced cell growth and biosynthesis are essential, but cellular quiescence is not always associated with reduced metabolism since it is also possible to achieve a state of cellular quiescence in which glucose uptake, glycolysis and flux through central carbon metabolism are not reduced. However, in cancer cells, overcoming intrinsic and acquired resistance of cancer stem or cancer dormancy cells to current clinical treatments can be reversed with the acquisition of chemoquiesence. The development of new drug combinations or strategy to treat the highly aggressive and metastatic cancers including relapsed leukaemias, melanoma and head and neck, brain, lung, breast, ovary, prostate, pancreas as well as gastrointestinal cancers which remain incurable in the clinic in spite of aggressive therapies, can be accelerated with the introduction of chemoquiescence agent, for which cancer stem cells or tumor dormancy should be eradicated or removed. Recently potential applications of metformin or chloroquine as well as the potential drugs under investigation such as proton pump inhibitor, sonic hedgehog inhibitor, and Akt inhibitor, are actively investigated in this field of chemoquiescence to achieve cancer cure far beyond those of chemoprevention. In this review article, the evolving concept of chemoquiescence or cancer dormancy will be introduced accompanied by a description of novel target drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napapan Kangwan
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Park
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Allegra A, Alonci A, Penna G, Innao V, Gerace D, Rotondo F, Musolino C. The cancer stem cell hypothesis: a guide to potential molecular targets. Cancer Invest 2014; 32:470-95. [PMID: 25254602 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2014.958231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Common cancer theories hold that tumor is an uncontrolled somatic cell proliferation caused by the progressive addition of random mutations in critical genes that control cell growth. Nevertheless, various contradictions related to the mutation theory have been reported previously. These events may be elucidated by the persistence of residual tumor cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) responsible for tumorigenesis, tumor maintenance, tumor spread, and tumor relapse. Herein, we summarize the current understanding of CSCs, with a focus on the possibility to identify specific markers of CSCs, and discuss the clinical application of targeting CSCs for cancer treatment.
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47
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Wang N, Wang Z, Peng C, You J, Shen J, Han S, Chen J. Dietary compound isoliquiritigenin targets GRP78 to chemosensitize breast cancer stem cells via β-catenin/ABCG2 signaling. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:2544-54. [PMID: 25194164 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that β-catenin signaling in breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) is closely correlated to chemoresistance and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette subfamily G2 (ABCG2) expression. Targeting the aberrant β-catenin signaling in CSCs has become a promising strategy to improve chemosensitivity in cancer treatment. In a pilot screening study, we found that the natural compound isoliquiritigenin (ISL) blocked β-catenin transcription activity with the highest inhibition ratio. Here, we investigated the chemosensitizing effects of ISL on breast CSCs and the underlying mechanisms regulating the β-catenin pathway. ISL could have synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic drugs to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. In addition, ISL could significantly limit the side population and CSC ratios in breast cancer cells, accompanied by inhibited self-renewal and multidifferentiation abilities. A mechanistic study revealed that ISL could inhibit β-catenin/ABCG2 signaling by activating the proteasome degradation pathway. The drug affinity responsive target stability strategy further identified GRP78 as the direct target of ISL. Subsequent molecular docking analysis and functional studies demonstrated that ISL could dock into the ATP domain of GRP78 and thereby inhibit its ATPase activity, resulting in its dissociation from β-catenin. An in vivo study also suggested that ISL could chemosensitize breast CSCs via the GRP78/β-catenin/ABCG2 pathway, with little toxicity in normal tissues and mammary stem cells. Taken together, the data from this study not only suggest ISL as a natural candidate to enhance breast CSC chemosensitivity but also highlight the significance of GRP78 in mediating cancer drug resistance and β-catenin signaling in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Estates Building, 10 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 00852, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Estates Building, 10 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 00852, China, Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China and
| | - Cheng Peng
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Jieshu You
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Estates Building, 10 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 00852, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Estates Building, 10 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 00852, China
| | - Shouwei Han
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China and
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Estates Building, 10 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong 00852, China,
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Amini S, Fathi F, Mobalegi J, Sofimajidpour H, Ghadimi T. The expressions of stem cell markers: Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, nucleostemin, Bmi, Zfx, Tcl1, Tbx3, Dppa4, and Esrrb in bladder, colon, and prostate cancer, and certain cancer cell lines. Anat Cell Biol 2014; 47:1-11. [PMID: 24693477 PMCID: PMC3968261 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2014.47.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled self-renewal plays a direct function in the progression of different types of carcinomas. The same molecular pathway that manages self-renewal in normal stem cells also seems to manage cancer stem cells. Here, we examine the expressions of self-renewal regulatory factors Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, nucleostemin, Zfx, Esrrb, Tcl1, Tbx3, and Dppa4 in tissue samples of colon, prostate, and bladder carcinomas as well as cancer cell lines HT-29, Caco-2, HT-1376, LNCaP, and HepG2. We used reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to examine expressions of the above mentioned regulatory factors in cancer cell lines HT-29, Caco-2, HT-1376, LNCaP, and HepG2 and in 20 tumor tissue samples. Total RNA was isolated by the ISOGEN method. RNA integrity was checked by agarose gel electrophoresis and spectrophotometry. Expressions of Oct4 and nucleostemin at the protein level were determined by immunocytochemistry. A significant relationship was found between tumor grade and self-renewal gene expression. Expressions of stem cell specific marker genes were detected in all examined cancer cell lines, in 40% to 100% of bladder cancer samples, and in 60% to 100% of colon and prostate cancer samples. Oct4 expressed in 100% of tumor tissue samples. Our data show that stem cell markers Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, nucleostemin, Bmi, Zfx, Esrrb, Tcl1, Tbx3, and Dppa4 significantly express in cancer cell lines and cancer tissues. Hence, these markers might be useful as potential tumor markers in the diagnosis and/or prognosis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrieh Amini
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Fardin Fathi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Jafar Mobalegi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Tayyeb Ghadimi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Populational equilibrium through exosome-mediated Wnt signaling in tumor progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2014; 123:2189-98. [PMID: 24563408 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-08-523886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors are composed of phenotypically heterogeneous cell populations. The nongenomic mechanisms underlying transitions and interactions between cell populations are largely unknown. Here, we show that diffuse large B-cell lymphomas possess a self-organized infrastructure comprising side population (SP) and non-SP cells, where transitions between clonogenic states are modulated by exosome-mediated Wnt signaling. DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. Lymphoma SP cells exhibited autonomous clonogenicity and exported Wnt3a via exosomes to neighboring cells, thus modulating population equilibrium in the tumor.
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50
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Calcein-effluxing human colon cancer cells are enriched for self-renewal capacity and depend on β-catenin. Oncotarget 2014; 4:184-91. [PMID: 23468473 PMCID: PMC3712565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Putative cancer stem cells are a subpopulation of cancer cells that give rise to chemotherapy resistance and are therefore of prognostic and therapeutic interest, though their identification remains elusive in colon cancer due to lack of reliable and accurate markers. We previously identified a p53-dependent putative cancer stem cell population, the calcein low population (C(lo)P), based on their exclusive efflux of the fluorescent dye Calcein. This functional identification method enables comparative live cell studies of subpopulations without differential toxicity that occurs with traditional Hoechst methods, which has confounded conclusions and limited the utility of this cancer stem cell marker. In this study, we examined the cancer stem cell-like properties of the C(lo)P population in vivo in comparison with the parental and calcein-high population (C(hi)P) in human colon cancer xenografts. Serial dilution xenograft experiments in NOD/SCID mice revealed that the C(lo)P is only marginally more tumorigenic compared to the C(hi)P or parental cells. However, serial passage of these tumors revealed that the C(lo)P is uniquely enriched for self-renewal capacity in vivo compared to the other populations. Immunohistochemical analysis of these tumors revealed that the C(lo)P possesses increased levels of nuclear β-catenin and furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin significantly reduced the C(lo)P population. These findings highlight the C(lo)P as an important subpopulation of tumor cells that are exclusively endowed with the ability to self-renew and propagate tumors. The dependency of the C(lo)P on β-catenin provides a molecular explanation for this ability and suggests that this population can and should be therapeutically targeted by inhibition of Wnt signaling.
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