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Zhou Y, Gao Y, Yao N, Lu G, Dong C, Wang K, Zhang J, Sun J, Li K, Li X. Multi-modal triggered-release sonodynamic/chemo/phototherapy synergistic nanocarriers for the treatment of colon cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1439883. [PMID: 39104624 PMCID: PMC11298370 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1439883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Most colon cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, with a grim prognosis. In clinical, various combination therapies have been employed to enhance the efficacy of colon cancer treatment. The essence of combined treatment is the judicious selection and combination of various treatment units. Phototherapy (PT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and chemotherapy are treatment modalities that rely on the active molecules to treat tumors, and have been demonstrated to synergistically enhance tumor treatment efficacy. However, the differences in the metabolism of active molecules and hypoxic microenvironment of tumors have limited the synergistic effects of the aforementioned methods. To address this significant issue, in this study, we utilized polydopamine (PDA) as the encapsulated material to form a rigid shell that contains the therapeutic molecules IR-780 and methotrexate (MTX) on the surface of perfluorohexane (PFH) microdroplets through self-assembling method to develop an SDT/chemotherapy/PT combined nanoparticles (SCP NPs). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the nanoparticles exhibited a hollow shell structure, with an average size of approximately 100 nm. SCP NPs have excellent stability and biocompatibility in both in vitro and in vivo. The absorption and emission spectrum of the loaded IR-780 did not exhibit any significant shift, and the photothermal temperature rose to 92°C. Their ultrasonic cavitation effect was good and their cell inhibitory effect of MTX was maintained. SCP NPs can achieve multi-modal triggered release through ultrasound, laser irradiation, and pH, ensuring a simultaneous accumulation of therapeutic molecules in the tumor area and effectively alleviating tumor hypoxia. Additionally, both the near-infrared fluorescence (NIF) signal and the ultrasonic cavitation signal of the nanoparticles can be utilized for tracking and monitoring treatment efficacy. Most notably, SCP NPs exhibited outstanding synergistic treatment effects at low intervention levels, resulting in a 67% cure rate of tumors. These results provide an experimental basis for developing the new clinical treatments for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yueyang Gao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Nannan Yao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guozhi Lu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chuyu Dong
- The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Medical Technology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ke Li
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xueping Li
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Huang Y, Ouyang W, Lai Z, Qiu G, Bu Z, Zhu X, Wang Q, Yu Y, Liu J. Nanotechnology-enabled sonodynamic therapy against malignant tumors. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:1974-1991. [PMID: 38633037 PMCID: PMC11019498 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00738c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging approach for malignant tumor treatment, offering high precision, deep tissue penetration, and minimal side effects. The rapid advancements in nanotechnology, particularly in cancer treatment, have enhanced the efficacy and targeting specificity of SDT. Combining sonodynamic therapy with nanotechnology offers a promising direction for future cancer treatments. In this review, we first systematically discussed the anti-tumor mechanism of SDT and then summarized the common nanotechnology-related sonosensitizers and their recent applications. Subsequently, nanotechnology-related therapies derived using the SDT mechanism were elaborated. Finally, the role of nanomaterials in SDT combined therapy was also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital 77 He Di Road 530021 Nanning China
| | - Wenhao Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Medical Oncology, Yat-sen Supercomputer Intelligent Medical Joint Research Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University 510120 Guangzhou China
| | - Zijia Lai
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University 524000 Zhanjiang China
| | - Guanhua Qiu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital 77 He Di Road 530021 Nanning China
| | - Zhaoting Bu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital 77 He Di Road 530021 Nanning China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital 77 He Di Road 530021 Nanning China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital 77 He Di Road 530021 Nanning China
| | - Yunfang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Medical Oncology, Yat-sen Supercomputer Intelligent Medical Joint Research Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University 510120 Guangzhou China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macao PR China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital 77 He Di Road 530021 Nanning China
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Stummer W, Müther M, Spille D. Beyond fluorescence-guided resection: 5-ALA-based glioblastoma therapies. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:163. [PMID: 38563988 PMCID: PMC10987337 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-06049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite advances in multimodal concepts over the last decades, prognosis remains poor. Treatment of patients with glioblastoma remains a considerable challenge due to the infiltrative nature of the tumor, rapid growth rates, and tumor heterogeneity. Standard therapy consists of maximally safe microsurgical resection followed by adjuvant radio- and chemotherapy with temozolomide. In recent years, local therapies have been extensively investigated in experimental as well as translational levels. External stimuli-responsive therapies such as Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT) and Radiodynamic Therapy (RDT) can induce cell death mechanisms via generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after administration of five-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which induces the formation of sensitizing porphyrins within tumor tissue. Preliminary data from clinical trials are available. The aim of this review is to summarize the status of such therapeutic approaches as an adjunct to current standard therapy in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Michael Müther
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dorothee Spille
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Liang Y, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Ultrasound Sonosensitizers for Tumor Sonodynamic Therapy and Imaging: A New Direction with Clinical Translation. Molecules 2023; 28:6484. [PMID: 37764260 PMCID: PMC10537038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of sonodynamic therapy (SDT), sonosensitizers have evolved from traditional treatments to comprehensive diagnostics and therapies. Sonosensitizers play a crucial role in the integration of ultrasound imaging (USI), X-ray computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostics while also playing a therapeutic role. This review was based on recent articles on multifunctional sonosensitizers that were used in SDT for the treatment of cancer and have the potential for clinical USI, CT, and MRI applications. Next, some of the shortcomings of the clinical examination and the results of sonosensitizers in animal imaging were described. Finally, this paper attempted to inform the future development of sonosensitizers in the field of integrative diagnostics and therapeutics and to point out current problems and prospects for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Liang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China;
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, China
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Yang SR, Wang R, Yan CJ, Lin YY, Yeh YJ, Yeh YY, Yeh YC. Ultrasonic interfacial crosslinking of TiO 2-based nanocomposite hydrogels through thiol-norbornene reactions for sonodynamic antibacterial treatment. Biomater Sci 2023. [PMID: 37128891 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01950g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite (NC) hydrogels used for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) face challenges such as lacking interfacial interactions between the polymers and nanomaterials as well as presenting uneven dispersion of nanomaterials in the hydrogel network, reducing their mechanical properties and treatment efficiency. Here, we demonstrate a promising approach of co-engineering nanomaterials and interfacial crosslinking to expand the materials construction and biomedical applications of NC hydrogels in SDT. In this work, mesoporous silica-coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles with thiolated surface functionalization (TiO2@MS-SH) are utilized as crosslinkers to react with norbornene-functionalized dextran (Nor-Dex) through ultrasound-triggered thiol-norbornene reactions, forming TiO2@MS-SH/Nor-Dex NC hydrogels. The TiO2@MS-SH nanoparticles act not only as multivalent crosslinkers to improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels under ultrasound irradiation but also as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generators to allow the use of TiO2@MS-SH/Nor-Dex NC hydrogels in SDT applications. Particularly, the TiO2@MS-SH/Nor-Dex NC hydrogels present tailorable microstructures, properties, and sonodynamic killing of bacteria through the modulation of the ultrasound frequency. Taken together, a versatile TiO2-based NC hydrogel platform prepared under ultrasonic interfacial crosslinking reactions is developed for advancing the applications in SDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Rung Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Reuben Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master of Public Health Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- GIP-TRIAD Master's Degree in Agro-Biomedical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jie Yan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Yun Lin
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jia Yeh
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Li Y, Lin L, Xie J, Wei L, Xiong S, Yu K, Zhang B, Wang S, Li Z, Tang Y, Chen G, Li Z, Yu Z, Wang X. ROS-Triggered Self-Assembled Nanoparticles Based on a Chemo-Sonodynamic Combinational Therapy Strategy for the Noninvasive Elimination of Hypoxic Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15893-15906. [PMID: 36940438 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The hypopermeability and hypoxia in the tumor milieu are important factors that limit multiple treatments. Herein, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered self-assembled nanoparticles (RP-NPs) was constructed. The natural small molecule Rhein (Rh) was encapsulated into RP-NPs as a sonosensitizer highly accumulated at the tumor site. Then highly tissue-permeable ultrasound (US) irradiation induced apoptosis of tumor cells through the excitation of Rh and acoustic cavitation, which prompted the rapid production of large amounts of ROS in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. In addition, the thioketal bond structures in the innovatively designed prodrug LA-GEM were triggered and broken by ROS to achieve rapid targeted release of the gemcitabine (GEM). Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) increased the tissue permeability of solid tumors and actively disrupted redox homeostasis via mitochondrial pathways to kill hypoxic tumor cells, and the triggered response mechanism to GEM synergistically amplified the effect of chemotherapy. The chemo-sonodynamic combinational treatment approach is highly effective and noninvasive, with promising applications for hypoxic tumor elimination, such as in cervical cancer (CCa) patients who want to maintain their reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518028, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Jiashan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Lixue Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Shuping Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Kunyi Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Bingchen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Shengtao Wang
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University (Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523058, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
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Zha B, Yang J, Dang Q, Li P, Shi S, Wu J, Cui H, Huangfu L, Li Y, Yang D, Zheng Y. A phase I clinical trial of sonodynamic therapy combined with temozolomide in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2023; 162:317-326. [PMID: 36988745 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognosis of recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is poor, and there is currently no effective treatment strategy. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a new method for cancer treatment that uses a combination of low-frequency ultrasound and sonosensitisers to produce antitumor effects, which have shown good therapeutic effects in preclinical studies. Therefore, we initiated an open, prospective pilot study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of SDT for the treatment of rGBM. METHODS Nine patients with rGBM were enrolled who had received multiple treatments, but the nidus continued to progress without additional standard treatments. After MRI localisation, porphyrin drugs were injected, and intermittent low-frequency ultrasound therapy was performed for five days. RESULTS None of the nine patients in this clinical trial showed any clinical, neurological, haematological, or skin-targeted adverse effects associated with SDT. After the completion of the trial, one patient maintained stable disease, and eight patients experienced disease progression. Among the eight with progressive disease, the median progression-free survival time was 84 days. Four patients died, and the median overall survival duration after recurrence was 202.5 days. CONCLUSION The number of patients in this study was small; therefore, a long-term survival benefit was not demonstrated. However, this study suggests that SDT has potential as a treatment for rGBM and warrants further exploration. Trial information: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ): ChiCTR2200065992. November 2, 2022, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Junping Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qianqian Dang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Peihong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shuling Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Haiyang Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Linkuan Huangfu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Daoke Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Critical Care Oncology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yingjuan Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Critical Care Oncology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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Photodynamic therapy enhances the cytotoxicity of temozolomide against glioblastoma via reprogramming anaerobic glycolysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103342. [PMID: 36781008 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The successful application of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of glioma (CNS WHO grade 4) depends in large part to the effect of killing cells in the infiltrating area after tumor had been removed, when combined with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of TMZ's involvement in the glioma's glycolytic metabolic pathway during photodynamic therapy. The low dose of photodynamic therapy treatment on the cell viability of gliomas was investigated by CCK8. Alterations in reactive oxygen species were detected by flow cytometer. The differentially expressed proteins related to glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)/actively MMP-2 and apoptosis-associated caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3 were evaluated by Western Blot experiment. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy observed apoptosis, necrosis and the changes of the ultrastructure in U251 cells. In addition, antitumor effects in vivo were tested using orthotopic BALB/c mice with the glioma U87 model. The findings showed that low dose PDT affected mitochondrial function by inducing radical oxygen, hindered cellular glucose transport and metabolism, and induced apoptosis. The results also showed that cell viability considerably decreased and increased cell apoptosis under the PDT therapy. The HIF-1/GLUT-1 axis enhanced the cytotoxicity of temozolomide in gliomas as a result of PDT treatment, which was influenced by ROS. As a result, this study presents PDT as a potential therapeutic approach for treating malignant glioma, and enhanced antitumor effect of TMZ by inhibiting glycolytic pathway.
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Yang Y, Huang J, Liu M, Qiu Y, Chen Q, Zhao T, Xiao Z, Yang Y, Jiang Y, Huang Q, Ai K. Emerging Sonodynamic Therapy-Based Nanomedicines for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204365. [PMID: 36437106 PMCID: PMC9839863 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy effect can be greatly enhanced by other methods to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which has profoundly affected immunotherapy as a highly efficient paradigm. However, these treatments have significant limitations, either by causing damage of the immune system or limited to superficial tumors. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can induce ICD to promote immunotherapy without affecting the immune system because of its excellent spatiotemporal selectivity and low side effects. Nevertheless, SDT is still limited by low reactive oxygen species yield and the complex tumor microenvironment. Recently, some emerging SDT-based nanomedicines have made numerous attractive and encouraging achievements in the field of cancer immunotherapy due to high immunotherapeutic efficiency. However, this cross-cutting field of research is still far from being widely explored due to huge professional barriers. Herein, the characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment and the mechanisms of ICD are firstly systematically summarized. Subsequently, the therapeutic mechanism of SDT is fully summarized, and the advantages and limitations of SDT are discussed. The representative advances of SDT-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy are further highlighted. Finally, the application prospects and challenges of SDT-based immunotherapy in future clinical translation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunrong Yang
- Department of PharmacyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of PharmacyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
| | - Yige Qiu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
| | - Qiaohui Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Zhao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
| | - Zuoxiu Xiao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
| | - Yitian Jiang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of PharmacyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
| | - Kelong Ai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular ResearchXiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410078P. R. China
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Hadi MM, Farrell S, Nesbitt H, Thomas K, Kubajewska I, Ng A, Masood H, Patel S, Sciscione F, Davidson B, Callan JF, MacRobert AJ, McHale AP, Nomikou N. Nanotechnology-augmented sonodynamic therapy and associated immune-mediated effects for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04418-y. [PMID: 36319895 PMCID: PMC10349707 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is emerging as a cancer treatment alternative with significant advantages over conventional therapies, including its minimally invasive and site-specific nature, its radical antitumour efficacy with minimal side effects, and its capacity to raise an antitumour immune response. The study explores the efficacy of SDT in combination with nanotechnology against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS A nanoparticulate formulation (HPNP) based on a cathepsin B-degradable glutamate-tyrosine co-polymer that carries hematoporphyrin was used in this study for the SDT-based treatment of PDAC. Cathepsin B levels in BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells were correlated to cellular uptake of HPNP. The HPNP efficiency to induce a sonodynamic effect at varying ultrasound parameters, and at different oxygenation and pH conditions, was investigated. The biodistribution, tumour accumulation profile, and antitumour efficacy of HPNP in SDT were examined in immunocompetent mice carrying bilateral ectopic murine pancreatic tumours. The immune response profile of excised tumour tissues was also examined. RESULTS The HPNP formulation significantly improved cellular uptake of hematoporphyrin for both BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells, while increase of cellular uptake was positively correlated in PANC-1 cells. There was a clear SDT-induced cytotoxicity at the ultrasound conditions tested, and the treatment impaired the capacity of both BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells to form colonies. The overall acoustic energy and pulse length, rather than the power density, were key in eliciting the effects observed in vitro. The SDT treatment in combination with HPNP resulted in 21% and 27% reduction of the target and off-target tumour volumes, respectively, within 24 h. A single SDT treatment elicited an antitumour effect that was characterized by an SDT-induced decrease in immunosuppressive T cell phenotypes. CONCLUSION SDT has significant potential to serve as a monotherapy or adjunctive treatment for inoperable or borderline resectable PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marym Mohammad Hadi
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sian Farrell
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Heather Nesbitt
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Keith Thomas
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Ilona Kubajewska
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Nanomerics Ltd, London, UK
| | - Alex Ng
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hamzah Masood
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shiv Patel
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fabiola Sciscione
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Brian Davidson
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - John F Callan
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Alexander J MacRobert
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony P McHale
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Nikolitsa Nomikou
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
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11
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Canaparo R, Foglietta F, Barbero N, Serpe L. The promising interplay between sonodynamic therapy and nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114495. [PMID: 35985374 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a non-invasive approach for cancer treatment in which chemical compounds, named sonosensitizers, are activated by non-thermal ultrasound (US), able to deeply penetrate into the tissues. Despite increasing interest, the underlying mechanisms by which US triggers the sonosensitizer therapeutic activity are not yet clearly elucidate, slowing down SDT clinical application. In this review we will discuss the main mechanisms involved in SDT with particular attention to the sonosensitizers involved for each described mechanism, in order to highlight how much important are the physicochemical properties of the sonosensitizers and their cellular localization to predict their bioeffects. Moreover, we will also focus our attention on the pivotal role of nanomedicine providing the sonodynamic anticancer approach with the ability to shape US-responsive agents to enhance specific sonodynamic effects as the sonoluminescence-mediated anticancer effects. Indeed, SDT is one of the biomedical fields that has significantly improved in recent years due to the increased knowledge of nanosized materials. The shift of the nanosystem from a delivery system for a therapeutic agent to a therapeutic agent in itself represents a real breakthrough in the development of SDT. In doing so, we have also highlighted potential areas in this field, where substantial improvements may provide a valid SDT implementation as a cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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12
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Rostami M, Badiei A, Sorouri AM, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Ganjali MR, Rahimi-Nasrabadi M, Ahmadi F. Cur-loaded magnetic ZnFe2O4@L-cysteine – Ox, N-rich mesoporous -gC3N4 nanocarriers as a targeted sonodynamic chemotherapeutic agent for enhanced tumor eradication. SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2022; 30:101900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2022.101900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
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13
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Nowak KM, Schwartz MR, Breza VR, Price RJ. Sonodynamic therapy: Rapid progress and new opportunities for non-invasive tumor cell killing with sound. Cancer Lett 2022; 532:215592. [PMID: 35151824 PMCID: PMC8918024 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumor treatment relies heavily upon chemotherapies, radiation, surgical resection, and/or immunotherapies. Although many alternative non-invasive solid tumor therapies have been proposed through the years and continue to be tested in various contexts, tumor cell eradication remains a daunting task for the current cancer armamentarium. Indeed, solid tumors exhibit physically and biochemically heterogenous microenvironments, allowing them to easily acquire resistance mechanisms. Progress in sonodynamic therapy (SDT), a treatment modality capable of controlling tumor growth while limiting off-target effects and toxicities, has accelerated in recent years. SDT combines "sonosensitizing" agents with the non-invasive application of focused acoustic energy [i.e. focused ultrasound (FUS)] to drive highly localized formation of tumor cell-killing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sonosensitizers selectively accumulate in tumor cells, after which FUS radiation eliminates the tumor by forcing the tumor cells to undergo cell death. In this article, we comprehensively review recent studies wherein SDT has been applied to treat primary and metastatic tumors. We discuss sonosensitizers, combination therapies with SDT, developments in defining the mechanism of SDT-induced cell cytotoxicity, and the promise SDT offers as a modulator of anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Nowak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark R Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Victoria R Breza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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14
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Wu N, Fan CH, Yeh CK. Ultrasound-activated nanomaterials for sonodynamic cancer theranostics. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1590-1603. [PMID: 35247594 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite intensive efforts to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools, the successful treatment of cancer is still hampered by the obscure boundary between cancerous cells and normal cells, recurrence of the cancer, and the development of drug resistance during chemotherapy. In recent years, sonodynamic therapy (SDT), employing therapeutic ultrasound with sonosensitizers, has attracted attention as a potentially promising approach for cancer therapy. This review describes the current understanding of the mechanisms and the preclinical and clinical efficacy of SDT-based applications in tumors, providing an insight into the therapeutic potential offered by SDT. The limitations and future directions of this emerging treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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15
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Xing X, Zhao S, Xu T, Huang L, Zhang Y, Lan M, Lin C, Zheng X, Wang P. Advances and perspectives in organic sonosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Fadera S, Chen PY, Liu HL, Lee IC. Induction Therapy of Retinoic Acid with a Temozolomide-Loaded Gold Nanoparticle-Associated Ultrasound Effect on Glioblastoma Cancer Stem-Like Colonies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32845-32855. [PMID: 34235925 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive glioma. The treatment response is always low, and the condition is typically rapidly fatal. The undifferentiated and self-renewal characteristics of cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been reported, and their potential contribution may cause tumor initiation, recurrence, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. In particular, glioblastoma stem-like cells exhibit highly invasive properties and drug resistance, serving as a model for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Induction therapy provides an alternative therapeutic strategy to eliminate the stem cell properties of CSCs and enhance therapeutic sensitivity. The differentiated cells may lose their self-renewal ability, downregulate stem cell-related genes and drug resistance genes, and enhance anticancer drug sensitivity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to establish a niche for glioblastoma stem-like cell selection as a platform and facilitate the assessment of differentiation therapy on GBM cancer stem-like colonies by retinoic acid (RA) with temozolomide (TMZ)-loaded gold nanoparticles (GNPs) associated with low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS). Herein, a hyaluronic acid-based material system was used to isolate GBM cancer stem-like colonies. Colony formation, size determination, stem cell-related marker expression, and GBM cancer stem-like cell marker expression with the culture period were identified. The effect of TMZ on GBM stem-like colonies on HA-based material systems was also determined, and the results revealed that drug resistance was highly enhanced in GBM colonies compared with that in the control cell population. In addition, GBM colonies also exhibited a significant increase in breast cancer resistance protein expression, which is consistent with the drug resistance effect. Furthermore, several factors, including LIUS, RA, and GNPs, were used to determine the possibility of induction therapy. RA with TMZ-loaded GNP-associated LIUS stimulation exhibited a significant and synergistic effect on the differentiation effect and drug sensitivity enhancement. The GBM cancer stem-like colony system presents an opportunity for the development of new therapeutic strategies, and this study provides an alternative differentiation therapy for malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siaka Fadera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung branch 20401, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Li Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - I-Chi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
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17
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Lacerda Q, Tantawi M, Leeper DB, Wheatley MA, Eisenbrey JR. Emerging Applications of Ultrasound-Contrast Agents in Radiation Therapy. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:1465-1474. [PMID: 33653626 PMCID: PMC8044052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) causes DNA damage through ionization, leading to double-strand breaks. In addition, it generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are toxic to tumor cells and the vasculature. However, hypoxic regions in the tumor have been shown to not only decrease treatment response but also increase the likelihood of recurrence and metastasis. Ultrasound-sensitive micro-bubbles are emerging as a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool within RT. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has shown great promise in early prediction of tumor response to RT. Ultrasound-triggered micro-bubble cavitation has also been shown to induce bio-effects that can sensitize angiogenic tumor vessels to RT. Additionally, ultrasound can trigger the release of drugs from micro-bubble carriers via localized micro-bubble destruction. This approach has numerous applications in RT, including targeted oxygen delivery before radiotherapy. Furthermore, micro-bubbles can be used to locally create ROS without radiation. Sonodynamic therapy uses focused ultrasound and a sonosensitizer to selectively produce ROS in the tumor region and has been explored as a treatment option for cancer. This review summarizes emerging applications of ultrasound contrast agents in RT and ROS augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quezia Lacerda
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohamed Tantawi
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dennis B Leeper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Margaret A Wheatley
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John R Eisenbrey
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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18
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Antitumor immune responses induced by photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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19
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Gong Z, Dai Z. Design and Challenges of Sonodynamic Therapy System for Cancer Theranostics: From Equipment to Sensitizers. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002178. [PMID: 34026428 PMCID: PMC8132157 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As a novel noninvasive therapeutic modality combining low-intensity ultrasound and sonosensitizers, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is promising for clinical translation due to its high tissue-penetrating capability to treat deeper lesions intractable by photodynamic therapy (PDT), which suffers from the major limitation of low tissue penetration depth of light. The effectiveness and feasibility of SDT are regarded to rely on not only the development of stable and flexible SDT apparatus, but also the screening of sonosensitizers with good specificity and safety. To give an outlook of the development of SDT equipment, the key technologies are discussed according to five aspects including ultrasonic dose settings, sonosensitizer screening, tumor positioning, temperature monitoring, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. In addition, some state-of-the-art SDT multifunctional equipment integrating diagnosis and treatment for accurate SDT are introduced. Further, an overview of the development of sonosensitizers is provided from small molecular sensitizers to nano/microenhanced sensitizers. Several types of nanomaterial-augmented SDT are in discussion, including porphyrin-based nanomaterials, porphyrin-like nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials, and organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials with different strategies to improve SDT therapeutic efficacy. There is no doubt that the rapid development and clinical translation of sonodynamic therapy will be promoted by advanced equipment, smart nanomaterial-based sonosensitizer, and multidisciplinary collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Gong
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
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20
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Joiner JB, Pylayeva-Gupta Y, Dayton PA. Focused Ultrasound for Immunomodulation of the Tumor Microenvironment. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 205:2327-2341. [PMID: 33077668 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Focused ultrasound (FUS) has recently emerged as a modulator of the tumor microenvironment, paving the way for FUS to become a safe yet formidable cancer treatment option. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the role of FUS in facilitating immune responses and overcoming drug delivery barriers. However, with the wide variety of FUS parameters used in diverse tumor types, it is challenging to pinpoint FUS specifications that may elicit the desired antitumor response. To clarify FUS bioeffects, we summarize four mechanisms of action, including thermal ablation, hyperthermia/thermal stress, mechanical perturbation, and histotripsy, each inducing unique vascular and immunological effects. Notable tumor responses to FUS include enhanced vascular permeability, increased T cell infiltration, and tumor growth suppression. In this review, we have categorized and reviewed recent methods of using therapeutic ultrasound to elicit an antitumor immune response with examples that reveal specific solutions and challenges in this new research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan B Joiner
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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21
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Duo Y, Zhu D, Sun X, Suo M, Zheng Z, Jiang W, Tang BZ. Patient-derived microvesicles/AIE luminogen hybrid system for personalized sonodynamic cancer therapy in patient-derived xenograft models. Biomaterials 2021; 272:120755. [PMID: 33819814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), as an efficient way of tumor treatment, has the advantages of deep tumor penetration and high therapeutic efficacy. However, developing efficient sonosensitizers are still challenging. AIEgen-based SDT is rarely reported and it is urgent to develop novel AIEgen-active sonosensitizers. Furthermore, the AIEgen-based theranostic system is promisingly needed to be proved on PDX models to be closer to the clinic. Herein, we constructed a novel AIEgen based SDT system and found that DCPy has advantages over traditional sonosensitizers in SDT. Then, a patient-derived MVs/AIEgen hybrid system (AMVs) prepared by electroporation was used for personalized SDT in bladder cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Impressively, AMVs displayed the superior tumor targeting ability and efficient personalized SDT therapy on PDX models, both of which were much more improved compared with PLGA/AIEgens nanoparticles and cell line-derived micro vesicles. This work provides new ideas for both the design of AIE-active sonosensitizers and the SDT treatment of cancers, further expanding the potential clinical application of AIEgens in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Duo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daoming Zhu
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiurong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Meng Suo
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Application Center for Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Sciences, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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22
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D’Ammando A, Raspagliesi L, Gionso M, Franzini A, Porto E, Di Meco F, Durando G, Pellegatta S, Prada F. Sonodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Intracranial Gliomas. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1101. [PMID: 33800821 PMCID: PMC7961476 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumors. Current therapeutic schemes include a combination of surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy; even if major advances have been achieved in Progression Free Survival and Overall Survival for patients harboring high-grade gliomas, prognosis still remains poor; hence, new therapeutic options for malignant gliomas are currently researched. Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT) has proven to be a promising treatment combining the effects of low-intensity ultrasound waves with various sound-sensitive compounds, whose activation leads to increased immunogenicity of tumor cells, increased apoptotic rates and decreased angiogenetic potential. In addition, this therapeutic technique only exerts its cytotoxic effects on tumor cells, while both ultrasound waves and sensitizing compound are non-toxic per se. This review summarizes the present knowledge regarding mechanisms of action of SDT and currently available sonosensitizers and focuses on the preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated its efficacy on malignant gliomas. To date, preclinical studies implying various sonosensitizers and different treatment protocols all seem to confirm the anti-tumoral properties of SDT, while first clinical trials will soon start recruiting patients. Accordingly, it is crucial to conduct further investigations regarding the clinical applications of SDT as a therapeutic option in the management of intracranial gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio D’Ammando
- Acoustic Neuroimaging and Therapy Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (L.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Luca Raspagliesi
- Acoustic Neuroimaging and Therapy Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (L.R.); (M.G.)
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.P.); (F.D.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Gionso
- Acoustic Neuroimaging and Therapy Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (L.R.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Andrea Franzini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Porto
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.P.); (F.D.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Meco
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.P.); (F.D.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Giovanni Durando
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica I.N.Ri.M., 10135 Torino, Italy;
| | - Serena Pellegatta
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors, Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesco Prada
- Acoustic Neuroimaging and Therapy Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (L.R.); (M.G.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Focused Ultrasound Foundation, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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23
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Functional micro/nanobubbles for ultrasound medicine and visualizable guidance. Sci China Chem 2021; 64:899-914. [PMID: 33679901 PMCID: PMC7921288 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemically functionalized gas-filled bubbles with a versatile micro/nano-sized scale have witnessed a long history of developments and emerging applications in disease diagnosis and treatments. In combination with ultrasound and image-guidance, micro/nanobubbles have been endowed with the capabilities of biomedical imaging, drug delivery, gene transfection and disease-oriented therapy. As an external stimulus, ultrasound (US)-mediated targeting treatments have been achieving unprecedented efficiency. Nowadays, US is playing a crucial role in visualizing biological/pathological changes in lives as a reliable imaging technique and a powerful therapeutic tool. This review retrospects the history of ultrasound, the chemistry of functionalized agents and summarizes recent advancements of functional micro/nanobubbles as US contrast agents in preclinical and trans-clinical research. Latest ultrasound-based treatment modalities in association with functional micro/nanobubbles have been highlighted as their great potentials for disease precision therapy. It is believed that these state-of-the-art micro/nanobubbles will become a booster for ultrasound medicine and visualizable guidance to serve future human healthcare in a more comprehensive and practical manner.
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Fan H, Hu Z, Wang S, Wu W, Liu X, Geng H. 5-aminolevulinic-acid-mediated sonodynamic therapy improves the prognosis of melanoma by inhibiting survivin expression. Cancer Biomark 2021; 28:301-308. [PMID: 32390599 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between survivin expression and melanoma after 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated sonodynamic therapy. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect survivin protein expression in human melanoma clinical samples. Subsequently, the effects of 5-ALA-mediated sonodynamic therapy were determined by measuring the volume of melanoma xenografts and the bodyweights of melanoma-bearing nude mice. The MTT assay was used to detect the viability of melanoma B16-F10 cells under the action of 5-ALA-mediated sonodynamic therapy, and Western blotting and PCR were used to detect survivin expression in melanoma cells and in the melanoma-xenograft model. RESULTS Survivin expression was significantly upregulated in human melanoma tissues compared with that of non-melanoma tissues. In the in vivo case, 5-ALA-mediated sonodynamic therapy significantly delayed tumor growth, prolonged the survival of mice, and inhibited the expression of survivin. In the in vitro case, 5-ALA-mediated sonodynamic therapy inhibited B16-F10 cell proliferation and decreased survivin expression at both protein and mRNA levels. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that 5-ALA-mediated sonodynamic therapy inhibited B16-F10 cell proliferation and melanoma-xenograft growth and prolonged survival of melanoma-bearing nude mice, which might be through downregulation of survivin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Fan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Haixia Geng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, China
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Alizadeh N, Salimi A. Multienzymes activity of metals and metal oxide nanomaterials: applications from biotechnology to medicine and environmental engineering. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:26. [PMID: 33468160 PMCID: PMC7815196 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid advancement and progress of nanotechnology, nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic activity have fascinated the remarkable attention of researchers, due to their low cost, high operational stability, adjustable catalytic activity, and ease of recycling and reuse. Nanozymes can catalyze the same reactions as performed by enzymes in nature. In contrast the intrinsic shortcomings of natural enzymes such as high manufacturing cost, low operational stability, production complexity, harsh catalytic conditions and difficulties of recycling, did not limit their wide applications. The broad interest in enzymatic nanomaterial relies on their outstanding properties such as stability, high activity, and rigidity to harsh environments, long-term storage and easy preparation, which make them a convenient substitute instead of the native enzyme. These abilities make the nanozymes suitable for multiple applications in sensing and imaging, tissue engineering, environmental protection, satisfactory tumor diagnostic and therapeutic, because of distinguished properties compared with other artificial enzymes such as high biocompatibility, low toxicity, size dependent catalytic activities, large surface area for further bioconjugation or modification and also smart response to external stimuli. This review summarizes and highlights latest progress in applications of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials with enzyme/multienzyme mimicking activities. We cover the applications of sensing, cancer therapy, water treatment and anti-bacterial efficacy. We also put forward the current challenges and prospects in this research area, hoping to extension of this emerging field. In addition to therapeutic potential of nanozymes for disease prevention, their practical effects in diagnostics, to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and related biomarkers for future pandemics will be predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Abdollah Salimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175, Sanandaj, Iran.
- Research Center for Nanotechnology, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Investigating the performance of a novel pH and cathepsin B sensitive, stimulus-responsive nanoparticle for optimised sonodynamic therapy in prostate cancer. J Control Release 2021; 329:76-86. [PMID: 33245955 PMCID: PMC8551370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nano-formulations that are responsive to tumour-related and externally-applied stimuli can offer improved, site-specific antitumor effects, and can improve the efficacy of conventional therapeutic agents. Here, we describe the performance of a novel stimulus-responsive nanoparticulate platform for the targeted treatment of prostate cancer using sonodynamic therapy (SDT). The nanoparticles were prepared by self-assembly of poly(L-glutamic acid-L-tyrosine) co-polymer with hematoporphyrin. The nanoparticulate formulation was characterized with respect to particle size, morphology, surface charge and singlet oxygen production during ultrasound exposure. The response of the formulation to the presence of cathepsin B, a proteolytic enzyme that is overexpressed and secreted in the tumour microenvironment of many solid tumours, was assessed. Our results showed that digestion with cathepsin B led to nanoparticle size reduction. In the absence of ultrasound, the formulation exhibited greater toxicity at acidic pH than at physiological pH, using the human prostate cells lines LNCaP and PC3 as targets. Nanoparticle cellular uptake was enhanced at acidic pH – a condition that was also associated with greater cathepsin B production. Nanoparticles exhibited enhanced ultrasound-induced cytotoxicity against both prostate cancer cell lines. Subsequent proof-of-concept in vivo studies demonstrated that, when ectopic human xenograft LNCaP tumours in SCID mice were treated with SDT using the systemically-administered nanoparticulate formulation at a single dose, tumour volumes decreased by up to 64% within 24 h. No adverse effects were observed in the nanoparticle-treated mice and their body weight remained stable. The potential of this novel formulation to deliver safe and effective treatment of prostate cancer is discussed. Digestion by cathepsin B leads to nanoparticle size reduction. The acidic pH facilitates improved cellular uptake of the nanoparticles. Ultrasound–induced cytotoxic effects were elicited only for the nanoparticle-treated prostate cancer cells. Sonodynamic treatment resulted in an average of 36% reduction in prostate tumour volume, within 24 h.
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Li Y, Liu Y, Du B, Cheng G. Reshaping Tumor Blood Vessels to Enhance Drug Penetration with a Multistrategy Synergistic Nanosystem. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3151-3164. [PMID: 32787273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Genyang Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Prada F, Sheybani N, Franzini A, Moore D, Cordeiro D, Sheehan J, Timbie K, Xu Z. Fluorescein-mediated sonodynamic therapy in a rat glioma model. J Neurooncol 2020; 148:445-454. [PMID: 32500440 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03536-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant gliomas have a dismal prognosis and significant efforts are being made to develop more effective treatments. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging modality for cancer treatment which combines ultrasound with sonosensitizers to produce a localized cytotoxic effect. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of SDT with fluorescein (FL) and low-intensity focused ultrasound in inhibiting the growth of ectopic gliomas implanted in the rat's subcutaneous tissue. METHODS In vivo cytotoxicity of FL-SDT was evaluated in C6 rat glioma cells which were inoculated subcutaneously. Tumor specific extracellular FL extravasation and accumulation was assessed with IVIS imaging in rats receiving systemic FL. Effects of FL-SDT with focused low-intensity ultrasound on tumor growth, and histological features of the rat's tumors were investigated. Treatment related apoptosis and necrosis were analyzed using hematoxylin & eosin, and apoptosis-specific staining. RESULTS IVIS imaging revealed a high degree of FL accumulation within the tumor, with a nearly threefold increase in tumoral epifluorescence signal over background. SDT significantly inhibited outgrowth of ectopic C6 gliomas across all three FUS exposure conditions. TUNEL and active caspase-3 staining did not reveal conclusive trends across control and SDT condition for apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that SDT with FL and low-intensity FUS is effective in inhibiting the growth of ectopic malignant gliomas in rats. The selective FL extravasation and accumulation in the tumor areas where the blood-brain barrier is damaged suggests the tumor-specificity of the treatment. The possibility to use this treatment in intracranial models and in human gliomas will have to be explored in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Prada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy. .,Focused Ultrasound Foundation, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Natasha Sheybani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Andrea Franzini
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - David Moore
- Focused Ultrasound Foundation, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Diogo Cordeiro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jason Sheehan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kelsie Timbie
- Focused Ultrasound Foundation, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Xu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Prasad C, Bhatia E, Banerjee R. Curcumin Encapsulated Lecithin Nanoemulsions: An Oral Platform for Ultrasound Mediated Spatiotemporal Delivery of Curcumin to the Tumor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8587. [PMID: 32444829 PMCID: PMC7244714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic toxicity caused by conventional chemotherapy is often regarded as one of the major challenges in the treatment of cancer. Over years, the trigger-based modality has gained much attention as it holds the spatiotemporal control over release and internalization of the drug. In this article, we are reporting an increase in the anti-tumor efficacy of curcumin due to ultrasound pulses. MDA MB 231 breast cancer and B16F10 melanoma cells were incubated with lecithin-based curcumin encapsulated nanoemulsions and exposed to ultrasound in the presence and absence of microbubble. Ultrasound induced sonoporation enhanced the cytotoxicity of curcumin in MDA MB 231 and B16F10 cancer cells in the presence of microbubble by 100- and 64-fold, respectively. To study the spatiotemporal delivery of curcumin, we developed B16F10 melanoma subcutaneous tumor on both the flanks of C57BL/6 mice but only the right tumor was exposed to ultrasound. Insonation of the right tumor spatially enhanced the cytotoxicity and enabled the substantial regression of the right tumor compared to the unexposed left tumor which grew continuously in size. This study showed that the ultrasound has the potential to target and increase the drug’s throughput to the tumor and enable effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekhar Prasad
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Eshant Bhatia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
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A Macro Lens-Based Optical System Design for Phototherapeutic Instrumentation. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19245427. [PMID: 31835391 PMCID: PMC6960533 DOI: 10.3390/s19245427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Light emitting diode (LED) and ultrasound have been powerful treatment stimuli for tumor cell growth due to non-radiation effects. This research is the first preliminary study of tumor cell suppression using a macro-lens-supported 460-nm LED combined with high-frequency ultrasound. The cell density, when exposed to the LED combined with ultrasound, was gradually reduced after 30 min of induction for up to three consecutive days when 48-W DC, 20-cycle, and 50 Vp-p sinusoidal pulses were applied to the LEDs through a designed macro lens and to the ultrasound transducer, respectively. Using a developed macro lens, the non-directional light beam emitted from the LED could be localized to a certain spot, likewise with ultrasound, to avoid additional undesirable thermal effects on the small sized tumor cells. In the experimental results, compared to LED-only induction (14.49 ± 2.73%) and ultrasound-only induction (13.27 ± 2.33%), LED combined with ultrasound induction exhibited the lowest cell density (6.25 ± 1.25%). Therefore, our measurement data demonstrated that a macro-lens-supported 460-nm LED combined with an ultrasound transducer could possibly suppress early stage tumor cells effectively.
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Drug-Loaded Microbubbles Combined with Ultrasound for Thrombolysis and Malignant Tumor Therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6792465. [PMID: 31662987 PMCID: PMC6791276 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6792465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac-cerebral thrombosis and malignant tumor endanger the safety of human life seriously. Traditional chemotherapy drugs have side effects which restrict their applications. Drug-loaded microbubbles can be destroyed by ultrasound irradiation at the focus position and be used for thrombolysis and tumor therapy. Compared with traditional drug treatment, the drug-loaded microbubbles can be excited by ultrasound and release drugs to lesion sites, increasing the local drug concentration and the exposure dose to nonfocal regions, thus reducing the cytotoxicity and side effects of drugs. This article reviews the applications of drug-loaded microbubbles combined with ultrasound for thrombolysis and tumor therapy. We focus on highlighting the advantages of using this new technique for disease treatment and concluding with recommendations for future efforts on the applications of this technology.
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Abstract
In the present publication, authors have analyzed the results of using sonodynamic and sono-photodynamic therapy with photosensitizing agents of various classes (hematoporphyrin, 5-aminolevulinic acid, chlorin derivatives, etc.) in experimental oncology. In a number of in vitro and in vivo studies, the high antitumor efficacy of the above treatment methods has been proven. Ultrasonic treatment with a pulse frequency of 1–3 MHz and an intensity of 0.7 to 5 W/cm2 , independently and in combination with photo-irradiation of experimental tumors, can significantly improve the cytotoxic properties of photosensitizers. This became the basisfor testing the methodsin patients with malignant neoplasms of various localizations. Scientists fromSouth-East Asia presented the preliminary results of the use of sonodynamic and sono-photodynamic therapy with photosensitizers in the treatment of malignant pathology of the mammary gland, stomach, esophagus, prostate, lung and brain. Analysis of the obtained data indicates the absence of serious adverse events and an increase in the antitumor efficacy of treatment, which included these treatment methods with chlorin-type photosensitizers.
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Liang S, Deng X, Chang Y, Sun C, Shao S, Xie Z, Xiao X, Ma P, Zhang H, Cheng Z, Lin J. Intelligent Hollow Pt-CuS Janus Architecture for Synergistic Catalysis-Enhanced Sonodynamic and Photothermal Cancer Therapy. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:4134-4145. [PMID: 31084016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
As a noninvasive treatment modality, ultrasound (US)-triggered sonodynamic therapy (SDT) shows broad and promising applications to overcome the drawbacks of traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combating cancer. However, the SDT efficacy is still not satisfactory without oxygen (O2) assistance. In addition, there is also much space to explore the SDT-based synergistic therapeutic modalities. Herein, a novel Pt-CuS Janus composed of hollow semiconductor CuS and noble metallic Pt was rationally designed and successfully synthesized. The hollow CuS shows a large inner cavity for loading sonosensitizer molecules (tetra-(4-aminophenyl) porphyrin, TAPP) to implement SDT. Moreover, the deposition of Pt not only enhances photothermal performance compared with those of CuS nanoparticles (NPs) due to the effect of the local electric field enhancement but also possesses nanozyme activity for catalyzing decomposition of endogenous overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce O2 that can overcome tumor hypoxia and augment the SDT-induced highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for efficient cancer cell apoptosis. Importantly, the generated heat of Pt-CuS by 808 nm laser irradiation can accelerate the catalytic activity of Pt and elevate the O2 level that further facilitates SDT efficacy. Interestingly, the thermally sensitive copolymer coated around the Janus can act as a smart switch to regulate the catalytic ability of Pt and control TAPP release that has a significant effect on modulating the therapeutic effect. The synergistic catalysis-enhanced SDT efficiency and highly photothermal effect almost realized complete tumor resection without obvious reoccurrence and simultaneously displayed a highly therapeutic biosafety. Furthermore, the high optical absorbance allows the as-synthesized Pt-CuS Janus for photoacoustic (PA) imaging and NIR thermal imaging. This work develops a versatile nanoplatform for a multifunctional theranostic strategy and broadens the biological applications by rationally designing their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoran Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping'an Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , People's Republic of China
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Chang N, Qin D, Wu P, Xu S, Wang S, Wan M. IR780 loaded perfluorohexane nanodroplets for efficient sonodynamic effect induced by short-pulsed focused ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 53:59-67. [PMID: 30559082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Inertial cavitation is crucial for the therapeutic effects of sonodynamic. Therefore, approaches that can induce highly efficient inertial cavitation should be of benefit for sonodynamic effect. Our previous study demonstrated that highly efficient inertial cavitation activity can be achieved through the combinatorial use of a short-pulsed focused ultrasound (SPFU) sequence and perfluorohexane (PFH) nanodroplets. Herein, we applied the SPFU sequence and PFH nanodroplets in sonodynamic. A hydrophobic sonosensitizer, IR780 iodine, was loaded inside denatured bovine serum albumin-shelled PFH (PFH@BSA-IR780) nanodroplets. The sonodynamic efficacy was validated by treating HeLa cervical cancer cells. Under SPFU exposure, PFH@BSA-IR780 nanodroplets were highly effective in promoting reactive oxygen species generation and inducing cancer cell death. A significant decrease in cell viability was achieved within just 10 s. Besides the cytotoxicity of ROS, the mechanical bioeffects of inertial cavitation also led to severe cell death resulting from higher acoustic power or the longer treatment time. The application of the SPFU sequence coupled with PFH@BSA-IR780 nanodroplets is a promising strategy for efficient sonodynamic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Dui Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Pengying Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Supin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
| | - Mingxi Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
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Sengupta S, Balla VK. A review on the use of magnetic fields and ultrasound for non-invasive cancer treatment. J Adv Res 2018; 14:97-111. [PMID: 30109147 PMCID: PMC6090088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Current popular cancer treatment options, include tumor surgery, chemotherapy, and hormonal treatment. These treatments are often associated with some inherent limitations. For instances, tumor surgery is not effective in mitigating metastases; the anticancer drugs used for chemotherapy can quickly spread throughout the body and is ineffective in killing metastatic cancer cells. Therefore, several drug delivery systems (DDS) have been developed to target tumor cells, and release active biomolecule at specific site to eliminate the side effects of anticancer drugs. However, common challenges of DDS used for cancer treatment, include poor site-specific accumulation, difficulties in entering the tumor microenvironment, poor metastases and treatment efficiency. In this context, non-invasive cancer treatment approaches, with or without DDS, involving the use of light, heat, magnetic field, electrical field and ultrasound appears to be very attractive. These approaches can potentially improve treatment efficiency, reduce recovery time, eliminate infections and scar formation. In this review we focus on the effects of magnetic fields and ultrasound on cancer cells and their application for cancer treatment in the presence of drugs or DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somoshree Sengupta
- Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Campus, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Vamsi K. Balla
- Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Campus, 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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Crosslinked self-assembled nanoparticles for chemo-sonodynamic combination therapy favoring antitumor, antimetastasis management and immune responses. J Control Release 2018; 290:150-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sonodynamic Therapy on Intracranial Glioblastoma Xenografts Using Sinoporphyrin Sodium Delivered by Ultrasound with Microbubbles. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 47:549-562. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-02141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Zhang Q, Bao C, Cai X, Jin L, Sun L, Lang Y, Li L. Sonodynamic therapy-assisted immunotherapy: A novel modality for cancer treatment. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1330-1345. [PMID: 29575297 PMCID: PMC5980136 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which is based on photodynamic therapy (PDT), is a new cancer treatment modality. Unlike PDT, which has poor tissue penetration, ultrasound can penetrate deeply into tissues and largely target tumor tissue to mediate the cytotoxicity of sonosensitizers. We hypothesize that, similar to PDT, SDT may perform effectively as a cancer vaccine. Thus, we developed a therapeutic strategy to explore whether SDT can eliminate primary tumors, inhibit metastases, and prevent tumor relapse. In the present study, we found that HiPorfin (HPD)‐induced SDT killed tumor cells, promoted calreticulin expression on the cell surface and elicited immune responses. Meanwhile, we observed that SDT induced functional antitumor vaccination and abscopal effects in H22 tumor‐bearing mice. Furthermore, this strategy conferred an immunological memory, which could protect against tumor recurrence after the elimination of the initial tumor. These results showed important effects of SDT on immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Zhang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuixia Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longwei Jin
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehong Lang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libo Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen L, Cong D, Li Y, Wang D, Li Q, Hu S. Combination of sonodynamic with temozolomide inhibits C6 glioma migration and promotes mitochondrial pathway apoptosis via suppressing NHE-1 expression. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 39:654-661. [PMID: 28732990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) was used for clinical postoperative or non-surgical chemotherapy patients. However, its effect remains unsatisfactory and gradually discovered that the presence of chemoresistance. To explore more effective therapy using TMZ, we investigate the effects of combination of application of TMZ together with Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which is based on the ultrasonic activation of a sonosensitizer, with low toxicity, noninvasive, deeper penetrability and a promising approach for treating malignant glioma by inducing apoptosis on glioma cells in vitro. Sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1), which enable glioblastoma cells to escape TMZ-mediated toxicity via increased H+ extrusion and affect the apoptosis effect on C6 glioma cells in vitro. The C6 cells survival rate and time point of TMZ resistance were tested by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) viability assay. Western blot analysis results showed that the expression of NHE1 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) protein obviously decreased by TMZ+SDT. Meanwhile, combined treatments enhanced the expression of mitochondrial pathway apoptosis proteins, as well as suppressed MMP-2 to weaken the migration ability in TMZ-resistant C6 cell line. These results provided the first evidence that the sensitivity of TMZ chemotherapy in resistant malignant glioma may be improved by SDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Damin Cong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Qingsong Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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Qian X, Han X, Chen Y. Insights into the unique functionality of inorganic micro/nanoparticles for versatile ultrasound theranostics. Biomaterials 2017; 142:13-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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42
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Rengeng L, Qianyu Z, Yuehong L, Zhongzhong P, Libo L. Sonodynamic therapy, a treatment developing from photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 19:159-166. [PMID: 28606724 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) as a new non-invasive treatment developed from photodynamic (PDT), it can kill tumor cells specifically and selectively. Moreover, recently studies showed SDT has potential to treat solid tumor, leukemia and atherosclerosis, remove proliferative scars and kill pathogenic microorganism. As SDT has an extensive application prospect, SDT has attracted more and more research recently. This thesis aims to be an informative introduction on SDT. With the assistance of related literature from 2012 to 2016, we introduce the progress of SDT research in six aspects: the therapeutic mechanism of SDT, development of the sound sensitizer, exploration of the size and frequency of ultrasonic energy, application of SDT, comparison between SDT and PDT, and current situation and future of SDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Rengeng
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Zhang Qianyu
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Lang Yuehong
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Peng Zhongzhong
- Department of Oncology, Ningbo NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Libo
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
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Dai J, Lin Y, Duan Y, Li Z, Zhou D, Chen W, Wang L, Zhang QQ. Andrographolide Inhibits Angiogenesis by Inhibiting the Mir-21-5p/TIMP3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:660-668. [PMID: 28539838 PMCID: PMC5441182 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.19194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis provides nutrients and oxygen to promote tumor growth and affords a channel that facilitates tumor cell entry into the circulation. Andrographolide (Andro) possess anti-tumor activity; however, its direct effect on angiogenesis still needs to be clarified. In this study, our experiments revealed that Andro significantly inhibited vascular growth in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and yolk sac membrane (YSM) models. Meanwhile, tumor angiogenesis was also suppressed by Andro. Additionally, we found that cell proliferation, migration and tube formation of vascular endothelial cells was inhibited by Andro treatment in vitro. The effect was primarily mediated through inhibition of miR-21-5p expression and further targeting of TIMP3. This work provides evidence that Andro directly inhibits angiogenesis and might be an effective anti-angiogenic therapeutic drug for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Dai
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yuyin Lin
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Youfa Duan
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dalei Zhou
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wensheng Chen
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Ueta K, Yamamoto J, Tanaka T, Nakano Y, Kitagawa T, Nishizawa S. 5-Aminolevulinic acid enhances mitochondrial stress upon ionizing irradiation exposure and increases delayed production of reactive oxygen species and cell death in glioma cells. Int J Mol Med 2016; 39:387-398. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Deepagan VG, You DG, Um W, Ko H, Kwon S, Choi KY, Yi GR, Lee JY, Lee DS, Kim K, Kwon IC, Park JH. Long-Circulating Au-TiO 2 Nanocomposite as a Sonosensitizer for ROS-Mediated Eradication of Cancer. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:6257-6264. [PMID: 27643533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as a potential alternative to conventional photodynamic therapy, the low quantum yield of the sonosensitizer such as TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) is still a major concern. Here, we have developed hydrophilized Au-TiO2 nanocomposites (HAu-TiO2 NCs) as sonosensitizers for improved SDT. The physicochemical properties of HAu-TiO2 NCs were thoroughly studied and compared with their counterparts without gold deposition. Upon exposure of HAu-TiO2 NCs to ultrasound, a large quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated, leading to complete suppression of tumor growth after their systemic administration in vivo. Overall, it was evident that the composites of gold with TiO2 NPs significantly augmented the levels of ROS generation, implying their potential as SDT agents for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Deepagan
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gil You
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Um
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Ko
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunglee Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
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Qian X, Zheng Y, Chen Y. Micro/Nanoparticle-Augmented Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT): Breaking the Depth Shallow of Photoactivation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8097-8129. [PMID: 27384408 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The fast development of photoactivation for cancer treatment provides an efficient photo-therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, but traditional photodynamic or photothermal therapy suffers from the critical issue of low in vivo penetration depth of tissues. As a non-invasive therapeutic modality, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can break the depth barrier of photoactivation because ultrasound has an intrinsically high tissue-penetration performance. Micro/nanoparticles can efficiently augment the SDT efficiency based on nanobiotechnology. The state-of-art of the representative achievements on micro/nanoparticle-enhanced SDT is summarized, and specific functions of micro/nanoparticles for SDT are discussed, from the different viewpoints of ultrasound medicine, material science and nanobiotechnology. Emphasis is put on the relationship of structure/composition-SDT performance of micro/nanoparticle-based sonosensitizers. Three types of micro/nanoparticle-augmented SDT are discussed, including organic and inorganic sonosensitizers and micro/nanoparticle-based but sonosensitizer-free strategies to enhance the SDT outcome. SDT-based synergistic cancer therapy augmented by micro/nanoparticles and their biosafety are also included. Some urgent critical issues and potential developments of micro/nanoparticle-augmented SDT for efficient cancer treatment are addressed. It is highly expected that micro/nanoparticle-augmented SDT will be quickly developed as a new and efficient therapeutic modality which will find practical applications in cancer treatment. At the same time, fundamental disciplines regarding materials science, chemistry, medicine and nanotechnology will be advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Qian
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212002, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyi Zheng
- Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University & Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramic and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
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Li Y, Zhou Q, Deng Z, Pan M, Liu X, Wu J, Yan F, Zheng H. IR-780 Dye as a Sonosensitizer for Sonodynamic Therapy of Breast Tumor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25968. [PMID: 27174006 PMCID: PMC4865802 DOI: 10.1038/srep25968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has become a new modality for cancer therapy through activating certain chemical sensitizers by ultrasound (US). Discovery and development of novel sonosensitizers are attracting extensive attentions. Here, we introduce IR-780 iodide, a lipophilic heptamethine dye with a peak optical absorption of 780 nm wavelength, which can function as SDT agents for breast cancer treatment. The in vitro cellular uptake, cell viability, and the generation levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined by using 4T1 breast cancer cells incubated with various concentrations of IR-780 followed by US irradiation. Our results showed a dose- and time-dependent cellular uptake of IR-780 iodide in 4T1 cancer cells. Significant lower viabilities and more necrotic/apoptotic cells were found when these cancer cells were treated with IR-780 iodide with US irradiation. Further analyzing the generation of ROS demonstrated significant increase of 1O2 level and H2O2, but not ⋅OH in the SDT-treated cells. The in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of SDT with IR-780 revealed significant tumor growth inhibition of xenografts of 4T1 cancer cells; it was further confirmed by histological analysis and TUNEL staining. Our results strongly suggest that SDT combined with IR-780 may provide a promising strategy for tumor treatment with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekuo Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiting Deng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Pan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 5405-0160, USA
| | - Fei Yan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Osaki T, Ono M, Uto Y, Ishizuka M, Tanaka T, Yamanaka N, Kurahashi T, Azuma K, Murahata Y, Tsuka T, Ito N, Imagawa T, Okamoto Y. Sonodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid enhances the efficacy of bleomycin. ULTRASONICS 2016; 67:76-84. [PMID: 26799128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) kills tumor cells through the synergistic effects of ultrasound and a sonosensitizer agent. We examined whether 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based SDT at 1 or 3 MHz could enhance the cytotoxicity of bleomycin (BLM) toward mouse mammary tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. At 1 MHz, cell viability in the 5-ALA-based SDT group at 1, 2, and 3 W/cm(2) was 34.30%, 50.90%, and 60.16%, respectively. Cell viability in the 5-ALA-based SDT+BLM group at 1, 2, and 3 W/cm(2) was 0.09%, 0.32%, and 0.17%, respectively. In contrast, at 3 MHz, 5-ALA-based SDT+BLM did not show pronounced cytotoxicity. In the in vivo study, 5-ALA-based SDT+BLM was significantly more cytotoxic than 5-ALA-based SDT at 1 MHz and 3 MHz. These findings suggest that the mechanism of tumor shrinkage induced by 5-ALA-based SDT+BLM might involve not only direct cell killing, but also vascular shutdown. Thus, we show here that 5-ALA-based SDT enhances the efficacy of BLM both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Osaki
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
| | - Misato Ono
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Uto
- Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kazuo Azuma
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ito
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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Ju D, Yamaguchi F, Zhan G, Higuchi T, Asakura T, Morita A, Orimo H, Hu S. Hyperthermotherapy enhances antitumor effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated sonodynamic therapy with activation of caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway in human glioma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10415-26. [PMID: 26846106 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has shown great potential as an approach for cancer treatment, and hyperthermotherapy (HT) is also a promising cancer therapy. Here, we investigate whether HT could improve the efficacy of SDT and to make a preliminary exploration on potential mechanism. Xenograft tumor was established in nude mice model, and SNB19 and U87MG glioma cell lines were utilized for in vitro experiment. Alamar blue assay was performed to assess cell viability. Optical microscope was used to characterize the morphology changes of the glioma cells induced by SDT and HT treatments. Apoptotic rate, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined by flow cytometer. The cell apoptosis of tumor tissues were detected by TUNEL assay. Furthermore, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was detected with Western blot in vitro and immunohistochemistry in vivo. SDT plus HT group could significantly reduce the cell viability with circular-cell morphological change, compared with SDT group, and cell viability was decreased depending on raise of 5-ALA concentration, ultrasound exposure time, and temperature. The results also indicate that HT increased a conspicuous apoptosis, ROS production, and a remarkable loss in MMP induced by 5-ALA-SDT in vitro. Meanwhile, our data also demonstrated that the combined treatment could significantly induce apoptosis and delay tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, SDT plus HT group expressed significantly higher protein levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, 8, and 9 compared to SDT, HT, and control groups and significantly lower protein level of bcl-2 than the other three groups, while the expression of these proteins was unchanged between HT and control groups. HT may provide an important promotion on 5-ALA-SDT and further propose that SDT in combination with HT is a new potential application for the treatment of human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Ju
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Fumio Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Guangzhi Zhan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Tadashi Higuchi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asakura
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Akio Morita
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Hideo Orimo
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging approach that involves a combination of low-intensity ultrasound and specialized chemical agents known as sonosensitizers. Ultrasound can penetrate deeply into tissues and can be focused into a small region of a tumor to activate a sonosensitizer which offers the possibility of non-invasively eradicating solid tumors in a site-directed manner. In this article, we critically reviewed the currently accepted mechanisms of sonodynamic action and summarized the classification of sonosensitizers. At the same time, the breath of evidence from SDT-based studies suggests that SDT is promising for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yun Wan
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science & School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science & School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Bo-Wei Chen
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science & School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science & School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yin-Song Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science & School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science & School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
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