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Tong Z, Yin Z. Distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin + cells. J Adv Res 2024; 61:47-63. [PMID: 37648021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nestin is an intermediate filament first reported in neuroepithelial stem cells. Nestin expression could be found in a variety of tissues throughout all systems of the body, especially during tissue development and tissue regeneration processes. AIM OF REVIEW This review aimed to summarize and discuss current studies on the distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin+ cells in different systems of the body, to discuss the feasibility ofusing nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and better understand the potential roles of nestin+ cells in tissue development, regeneration and pathological processes. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the potential of nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and as a key factor in tissue development and tissue regeneration. The article discussed the current findings, limitations, and potential clinical implications or applications of nestin+ cells. Additionally, it included the relationship of nestin+ cells to other cell populations. We propose potential future research directions to encourage further investigation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Tong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Hou S, Chen Y, Jin C, Lin N. Integrative analysis of bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data indicates the prognostic and immunologic values of SERPINH1 in glioma. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3654-3665. [PMID: 38506564 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SERPINH1 is abnormally expressed in multiple cancers and is associated with malignant progression. However, few reports detail its role in the etiopathogenesis of glioma. Hence, the aim of this article was to investigate the potential value of SERPINH1 in glioma using an integrative analysis. METHODS Data of RNA-seq and scRNA-seq was obtained and evaluated using online databases. The expression of SERPINH1 was confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The prognostic value of SERPINH1 was evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. SERPINH1-related signaling pathways and the interaction of SERPINH1 with immunity were also investigated. RESULTS SERPINH1 exhibited a markedly elevated expression in glioma compared to normal brain tissues in the online databases. Similar results were confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. SERPINH1 was found to be an independent prognosis factor, and high expression of SERPINH1 indicated poor survival. Moreover, a nomogram was constructed to predict prognosis more accurately and intuitively. GSEA analysis showed that SERPINH1 was involved in seven signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT pathway. Further analysis indicated SERPINH1 was significantly associated with immunity, especially in low-grade glioma. Additionally, an examination of scRNA-seq data revealed that SERPINH1 was primarily expressed in T cells of the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. CONCLUSIONS SERPINH1 is a key biomarker of glioma prognosis and is immunologically relevant, which provides additional options for targeted therapy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chunjing Jin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou, China
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Pavlova S, Fab L, Savchenko E, Ryabova A, Ryzhova M, Revishchin A, Pronin I, Usachev D, Kopylov A, Pavlova G. The Bi-(AID-1-T) G-Quadruplex Has a Janus Effect on Primary and Recurrent Gliomas: Anti-Proliferation and Pro-Migration. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:74. [PMID: 38256907 PMCID: PMC10819273 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are considered an incurable disease. Despite all the various therapy options available, patient survival remains low, and the tumor usually returns. Tumor resistance to conventional therapy and stimulation of the migratory activity of surviving cells are the main factors that lead to recurrent tumors. When developing new treatment approaches, the effect is most often evaluated on standard and phenotypically depleted cancer cell lines. Moreover, there is much focus on the anti-proliferative effect of such therapies without considering the possible stimulation of migratory activity. In this paper, we studied how glioma cell migration changes after exposure to bi-(AID-1-T), an anti-proliferative aptamer. We investigated the effect of this aptamer on eight human glioma cell cultures (Grades III and IV) that were derived from patients' tumor tissue; the difference between primary and recurrent tumors was taken into account. Despite its strong anti-proliferative activity, bi-(AID-1-T) was shown to induce migration of recurrent tumor cells. This result shows the importance of studying the effect of therapeutic molecules on the invasive properties of glioma tumor cells in order to reduce the likelihood of inducing tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Pavlova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lika Fab
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Savchenko
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Ryabova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Ryzhova
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Revishchin
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Pronin
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Usachev
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Kopylov
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physical Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Galina Pavlova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Liu Y, Pang Z, Wang J, Wang J, He J, Ji B, Zhang L, Ren M. Heat shock protein family A member 8 is a prognostic marker for bladder cancer: Evidences based on experiments and machine learning. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3995-4008. [PMID: 37771276 PMCID: PMC10746959 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein member 8 (HSPA8) is one of the most abundant chaperones in eukaryotic cells, but its biological roles in bladder cancer (BC) are largely unclear. First, we observed that HSPA8 was abundant in both cell lines and tissues of BC, and the HSPA8-high group had poorer T stages and overall survival (OS) than the HSPA8-low group in the TCGA patients. Next, when we knocked down HSPA8 in BC cells, the growth and migration abilities were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rates were significantly increased, and the Ki67 fluorescence intensity was decreased in BC cells. Moreover, caspase 3 was significantly decreased with overexpression of HSPA8 in BC cells. After that, a machine learning prognostic model was created based on the expression of HSPA8 by applying LASSO Cox regression in TCGA and GEO patients. The model indicated that the low-risk (LR) group with BC had better tumour stages, lymphovascular invasion, and OS than the high-risk (HR) group. Additionally, the risk score was demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for the prognosis of BC by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Moreover, the HR group showed a greater rate of TP53 mutations and was mostly enriched in the ECM-receptor interaction pathway than the LR group. Importantly, lower CD8+ T-cell and NK cell infiltration, higher immune exclusion scores, higher expression of PD-L1 and CTLA4 and poorer immune checkpoint therapy effects were found in the HR group. These findings demonstrated how crucial HSPA8 plays a role in determining the prognosis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Zhong‐qi Pang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jian‐she Wang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jin‐feng Wang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jia‐xin He
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Bo Ji
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Ming‐hua Ren
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
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5
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Wang S, Wang YF, Yang G, Zhang HH, Yuan HF, Hou CY, Zhao LN, Suo YH, Sun J, Sun LL, Lv P, Sun Y, Zhang NN, Zhang XD, Lu W. Heat shock protein family A member 8 serving as a co-activator of transcriptional factor ETV4 up-regulates PHLDA2 to promote the growth of liver cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2525-2536. [PMID: 37474643 PMCID: PMC10692233 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein family A member 8 (HSPA8) participates in the folding or degradation of misfolded proteins under stress and plays critical roles in cancer. In this study, we investigated the function of HSPA8 in the development of liver cancer. By analyzing the TCGA transcriptome dataset, we found that HSPA8 was upregulated in 134 clinical liver cancer tissue samples, and positively correlated with poor prognosis. IHC staining showed the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of HSPA8 in liver cancer cells. Knockdown of HSPA8 resulted in a decrease in the proliferation of HepG2 and Huh-7 cells. ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analysis revealed that HSPA8 bound to the promoter of pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 2 (PHLDA2) and regulated its expression. The transcription factor ETV4 in HepG2 cells activated PHLDA2 transcription. HSPA8 and ETV4 could interact with each other in the cells and colocalize in the nucleus. From a functional perspective, we demonstrated that HSPA8 upregulated PHDLA2 through the coactivating transcription factor ETV4 to enhance the growth of liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. From a therapeutic perspective, we identified both HSPA8 and PHDLA2 as novel targets in the treatment of HCC. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that HSPA8 serves as a coactivator of ETV4 and upregulates PHLDA2, leading to the growth of HCC, and is a potential therapeutic target in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu-Fei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hong-Feng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Chun-Yu Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Li-Na Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu-Hong Suo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Lin-Lin Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Pan Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Ning-Ning Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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6
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Lemarié A, Lubrano V, Delmas C, Lusque A, Cerapio JP, Perrier M, Siegfried A, Arnauduc F, Nicaise Y, Dahan P, Filleron T, Mounier M, Toulas C, Cohen-Jonathan Moyal E. The STEMRI trial: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging can define tumor areas enriched in glioblastoma stem-like cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0114. [PMID: 37922359 PMCID: PMC10624352 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite maximally safe resection of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-defined contrast-enhanced (CE) central tumor area and chemoradiotherapy, most patients with glioblastoma (GBM) relapse within a year in peritumoral FLAIR regions. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) can discriminate metabolic tumor areas with higher recurrence potential as CNI+ regions (choline/N-acetyl-aspartate index >2) can predict relapse sites. As relapses are mainly imputed to glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), CNI+ areas might be GSC enriched. In this prospective trial, 16 patients with GBM underwent MRSI/MRI before surgery/chemoradiotherapy to investigate GSC content in CNI-/+ biopsies from CE/FLAIR. Biopsy and derived-GSC characterization revealed a FLAIR/CNI+ sample enrichment in GSC and in gene signatures related to stemness, DNA repair, adhesion/migration, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. FLAIR/CNI+ samples generate GSC-enriched neurospheres faster than FLAIR/CNI-. Parameters assessing biopsy GSC content and time-to-neurosphere formation in FLAIR/CNI+ were associated with worse patient outcome. Preoperative MRI/MRSI would certainly allow better resection and targeting of FLAIR/CNI+ areas, as their GSC enrichment can predict worse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lemarié
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- UFR Santé, Université de Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Lubrano
- TONIC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center, Toulouse, France
- CHU de Toulouse, Neurosurgery Department, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Delmas
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Interface Department, Toulouse, France
| | - Amélie Lusque
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Biostatistics and Health Data Science Unit, Toulouse, France
| | - Juan-Pablo Cerapio
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Perrier
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurore Siegfried
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- CHU de Toulouse, Anatomopathology Department, Toulouse, France
| | - Florent Arnauduc
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- UFR Santé, Université de Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Yvan Nicaise
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- UFR Santé, Université de Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Perrine Dahan
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Filleron
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Biostatistics and Health Data Science Unit, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Mounier
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Clinical Trials Office, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Toulas
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Cancer Biology Department, Molecular Oncology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - Elizabeth Cohen-Jonathan Moyal
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- UFR Santé, Université de Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Radiation Oncology Department, Toulouse, France
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7
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Buchwalter A. Intermediate, but not average: The unusual lives of the nuclear lamin proteins. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 84:102220. [PMID: 37619289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear lamins are polymeric intermediate filament proteins that scaffold the nucleus and organize the genome in nearly all eukaryotic cells. This review focuses on the dynamic regulation of lamin filaments through their biogenesis, assembly, disassembly, and degradation. The lamins are unusually long-lived proteins under homeostatic conditions, but their turnover can be induced in select contexts that are highlighted in this review. Finally, we discuss recent investigations into the influence of laminopathy-linked mutations on the assembly, folding, and stability of the nuclear lamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Buchwalter
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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8
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Kogiso M, Qi L, Du Y, Braun FK, Zhang H, Huang LF, Guo L, Huang Y, Teo WY, Lindsay H, Zhao S, Injac SG, Liu Z, Mehta V, Tran D, Li F, Baxter PA, Su JM, Perlaky L, Parsons DW, Chintagumpala M, Adesina A, Song Y, Li XN. Synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 inhibitor SYC-435 with standard therapy in patient-derived xenograft mouse models of glioma. Transl Oncol 2022; 18:101368. [PMID: 35182954 PMCID: PMC8857594 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel pair of orthotopic PDX models of glioma bearing IDH1-R132H/R132C mutations. New mutant IDH1i (SY-435) with standard therapy led to strong therapeutic efficacy. H3K4/K9 methylation/mtDNA-encoded molecules mediate anti-tumor activity of SYC-435. Discovered MYO1F, CTC1 and BCL9 as novel genes that mediated SYC-435 resistance.
Clinical outcomes in patients with WHO grade II/III astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma or secondary glioblastoma remain poor. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is mutated in > 70% of these tumors, making it an attractive therapeutic target. To determine the efficacy of our newly developed mutant IDH1 inhibitor, SYC-435 (1-hydroxypyridin-2-one), we treated orthotopic glioma xenograft model (IC-BT142AOA) carrying R132H mutation and our newly established orthotopic patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of recurrent anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (IC-V0914AOA) bearing R132C mutation. In addition to suppressing IDH1 mutant cell proliferation in vitro, SYC-435 (15 mg/kg, daily x 28 days) synergistically prolonged animal survival times with standard therapies (Temozolomide + fractionated radiation) mediated by reduction of H3K4/H3K9 methylation and expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded molecules. Furthermore, RNA-seq of the remnant tumors identified genes (MYO1F, CTC1 and BCL9) and pathways (base excision repair, TCA cycle II, sirtuin signaling, protein kinase A, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 and α-adrenergic signaling) as mediators of therapy resistance. Our data demonstrated the efficacy SYC-435 in targeting IDH1 mutant gliomas when combined with standard therapy and identified a novel set of genes that should be prioritized for future studies to overcome SYC-435 resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kogiso
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lin Qi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Simpson Querrey Biomedical Research Center, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yuchen Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Simpson Querrey Biomedical Research Center, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Frank K Braun
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - L Frank Huang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yulun Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University Medical School, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, China
| | - Wan-Yee Teo
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National Cancer Center, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, 169610, Singapore
| | - Holly Lindsay
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sibo Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah G Injac
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vidya Mehta
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Diep Tran
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Alkek Center for Drug Discovery, Advanced Technology Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Patricia A Baxter
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jack M Su
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Laszlo Perlaky
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - D Williams Parsons
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adekunle Adesina
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yongcheng Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Preclinical Neuro-Oncology Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Simpson Querrey Biomedical Research Center, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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9
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Wang Q, Wu H, Hu J, Fu H, Qu Y, Yang Y, Cai KQ, Efimov A, Wu M, Yen T, Wang Y, Yang ZJ. Nestin Is Required for Spindle Assembly and Cell-Cycle Progression in Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:1651-1665. [PMID: 34158391 PMCID: PMC8492506 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nestin, a class IV intermediate filament protein, is generally considered as a putative marker of neural stem and progenitor cells in the central nervous system. Glioma is a common type of adult brain tumors, and glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most aggressive form of glioma. Here, we report that Nestin expression is significantly upregulated in human GBM, compared with other types of glioma. Nestin knockdown or deletion in U251 cells and tumor cells from GBM patients derived xenografts resulted in G2-M arrest, finally leading to apoptosis in tumor cells. Using proximity-dependent biotin identification method, we identified βII-tubulin as an interacting protein of Nestin in U251 cells. Nestin stabilized βII-tubulin in U251 cells through physical interaction. Knockdown of Nestin or βII-tubulin disrupted spindle morphology in tumor cells. Our studies further revealed that Nestin deficiency in U251 cells and GBM PDX cells repressed tumor growth upon transplantation. Finally, we found that Nestin deficiency sensitized GBM cells to microtubule-destabilizing drugs such as vinblastine and vincristine. Our studies demonstrate the essential functions and underlying mechanisms of Nestin in the growth and drug response of GBM cells. IMPLICATIONS: Through interaction with βII-tubulin, Nestin facilitates cell-cycle progression and spindle assembly of tumor cells in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Wang
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Haijuan Fu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanghui Qu
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijun Yang
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrey Efimov
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Minghua Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tim Yen
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuan Wang
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zeng-Jie Yang
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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10
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Singh P, Kumari M, Bal A, Srinivasan R, Ghosh S. Heat shock protein 60 is a disease-associated sialoglycoprotein in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biol Chem 2021; 401:969-983. [PMID: 32049642 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) have been reported in various malignancies. Earlier, we have found that MAA specifically interacted with human non-small cell lung-cancer (NSCLC) cells and induced apoptosis in these cells. The present study was designed to identify M. amurensis leukoagglutinin (MAL-I, one of the components of MAA, having the same carbohydrate specificity as MAA) interacting membrane sialoglycoprotein(s) of two subtypes of human NSCLC cell lines. Nine proteins were identified using two-dimensional (2D)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by MAL-I-overlay transblotting and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Among these proteins, HSP60 was selected for further characterization. The sialoglycoprotein nature of membrane-HSP60 of NSCLC cell lines was confirmed by its reduced reactivity with MAL-I in Western blots in the presence of GM2 and by dual staining of the cell lines with MAL-I and HSP60-antibody. These findings were further substantiated by enzymatic analysis of membrane-HSP60 as well as in-silico evidence regarding this protein. Our observations were validated by immunohistochemical analysis of both subtypes of NSCLC tissue sections. Membrane-HSP60 was found to be involved in the inhibition of MAL-I-induced morphological alteration of NSCLC cells and also in the proliferation and migration of these cells, indicating the probable role of sialylated membrane-HSP60 in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Singh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Munmun Kumari
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sujata Ghosh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
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11
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Yoshimura H, Moriya M, Yoshida A, Yamamoto M, Machida Y, Ochiai K, Michishita M, Nakagawa T, Matsuda Y, Takahashi K, Kamiya S, Ishiwata T. Involvement of Nestin in the Progression of Canine Mammary Carcinoma. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:994-1003. [PMID: 34056976 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211018656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nestin, a class VI intermediate filament protein, is known to be expressed in various types of human neoplasms, including breast cancer, and is associated with their progression. However, its expression and role in canine mammary tumors remain unknown. We analyzed nestin expression in canine mammary tumors using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. We also investigated its role in a canine mammary carcinoma cell line using RNA interference. Nestin expression was not observed in luminal epithelial cells of any of the 62 cases of benign mammary lesions examined, although myoepithelial cells showed its expression in most cases. In 16/50 (32%) primary mammary carcinomas and 6/15 (40%) metastases of mammary carcinomas, cytoplasmic nestin expression was detected in luminal epithelial cells. In luminal cells of primary mammary carcinomas, its expression was positively related to several pathological parameters that indicate high-grade malignancy, including histological grading (P < .01), vascular/lymphatic invasion (P < .01), Ki-67 index (P < .01), and metastasis (P < .05). Immunohistochemistry revealed that nestin expression was related to vimentin expression in mammary carcinomas (P < .01). This relationship was confirmed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction using 9 cell lines derived from canine mammary carcinoma (P < .01). Finally, nestin knockdown in canine mammary carcinoma cells using small interfering RNA inhibited cell proliferation and migration based on WST-8, Boyden chamber, and cell-tracking assays. These findings suggest that nestin may at least partially mediate these behaviors of canine mammary carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maiko Moriya
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yoshida
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukino Machida
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ochiai
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Shinji Kamiya
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Zhao H, Huang C, Luo Y, Yao X, Hu Y, Wang M, Chen X, Zeng J, Hu W, Wang J, Li R, Yao X. A Correlation Study of Prognostic Risk Prediction for Colorectal Cancer Based on Autophagy Signature Genes. Front Oncol 2021; 11:595099. [PMID: 34168974 PMCID: PMC8218632 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.595099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a complex role in tumors, sometimes promoting cancer cell survival and sometimes inducing apoptosis, and its role in the colorectal tumor microenvironment is controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in colorectal cancer. We identified 37 differentially expressed autophagy-related genes by collecting TCGA colorectal tumor transcriptome data. A single-factor COX regression equation was used to identify 11 key prognostic genes, and a prognostic risk prediction model was constructed based on multifactor COX analysis. We classified patients into high and low risk groups according to prognostic risk parameters (p <0.001) and determined the prognostic value they possessed by survival analysis and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve in the training and test sets of internal tests. In a multifactorial independent prognostic analysis, this risk value could be used as an independent prognostic indicator (HR=1.167, 95% CI=1.078-1.264, P<0.001) and was a robust predictor without any staging interference. To make it more applicable to clinical procedures, we constructed nomogram based on risk parameters and parameters of key clinical characteristics. The area under ROC curve for 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 0.735 and 0.718, respectively. These will better enable us to monitor patient prognosis, thus improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibi Zhao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwen Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Yao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yong Hu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Muqing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China.,Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Baoan Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shen Zhen University, Shen Zhen, China
| | - Weixian Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongjiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Baoan Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shen Zhen University, Shen Zhen, China
| | - Xueqing Yao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, China
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13
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Fuiten AM, Fankhauser RG, Smit DJ, Stark MS, Enright TF, Wood MA, DePatie NA, Pivik K, Sturm RA, Berry EG, Kulkarni RP. Genetic analysis of multiple primary melanomas arising within the boundaries of congenital nevi depigmentosa. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2021; 34:1123-1130. [PMID: 33884765 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present a rare case of a patient who developed multiple primary melanomas within the boundaries of two nevi depigmentosa. The melanomas were excised, and as a preventive measure, the remainder of the nevi depigmentosa were removed. We performed whole-exome sequencing on excised tissue from the nevus depigmentosus, adjacent normal skin, and saliva to explain this intriguing phenomenon. We also performed a GeneTrails Comprehensive Solid Tumor Panel analysis on one of the melanoma tissues. Genetic analysis revealed germline MC1R V92M and TYR R402Q polymorphisms and a MET E168D germline mutation that may have increased the risk of melanoma development. This genetic predisposition, combined with a patient-reported history of substantial sun exposure and sunburns, which were more severe within the boundaries of the nevi depigmentosa due to the lack of photoprotective melanin, produced numerous somatic mutations in the melanocytes of the nevi depigmentosa. Fitting with this paradigm for melanoma development in chronically sun-damaged skin, the patient's melanomas harbored somatic mutations in CDKN2A (splice site), NF1, and ATRX and had a tumor mutation burden in the 90-95th percentile for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Fuiten
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Reilly G Fankhauser
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Darren J Smit
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mitchell S Stark
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Trevor F Enright
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mary A Wood
- Computational Biology Program, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Phase Genomics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas A DePatie
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Richard A Sturm
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Berry
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rajan P Kulkarni
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Operative Care Division, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
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14
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Moloudizargari M, Moradkhani F, Hekmatirad S, Fallah M, Asghari MH, Reiter RJ. Therapeutic targets of cancer drugs: Modulation by melatonin. Life Sci 2020; 267:118934. [PMID: 33385405 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of melatonin range beyond the regulation of the circadian rhythm. With regard to cancer, melatonin's potential to suppress cancer initiation, progression, angiogenesis and metastasis as well as sensitizing malignant cells to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy are among its most interesting effects. The targets at which melatonin initiates its anti-cancer effects are in common with those of a majority of existing anti-cancer agents, giving rise to the notion that this molecule is a pleiotropic agent sharing many features with other antineoplastic drugs in terms of their mechanisms of action. Among these common mechanisms of action are the regulation of several major intracellular pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) signaling. The important mediators affected by melatonin include cyclins, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), heat shock proteins (HSPs) and c-Myc, all of which can serve as potential targets for cancer drugs. Melatonin also exerts some of its anti-cancer effects via inducing epigenetic modifications, DNA damage and mitochondrial disruption in malignant cells. The regulation of these mediators by melatonin mitigates tumor growth and invasiveness via modulating their downstream responsive genes, housekeeping enzymes, telomerase reverse transcriptase, apoptotic gene expression, angiogenic factors and structural proteins involved in metastasis. Increasing our knowledge on how melatonin affects its target sites will help find ways of exploiting the beneficial effects of this ubiquitously-acting molecule in cancer therapy. Acknowledging this, here we reviewed the most studied target pathways attributed to the anti-cancer effects of melatonin, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradkhani
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hekmatirad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Medicinal Plant Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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15
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Abstract
Simple Summary Cell migration is an essential process from embryogenesis to cell death. This is tightly regulated by numerous proteins that help in proper functioning of the cell. In diseases like cancer, this process is deregulated and helps in the dissemination of tumor cells from the primary site to secondary sites initiating the process of metastasis. For metastasis to be efficient, cytoskeletal components like actin, myosin, and intermediate filaments and their associated proteins should co-ordinate in an orderly fashion leading to the formation of many cellular protrusions-like lamellipodia and filopodia and invadopodia. Knowledge of this process is the key to control metastasis of cancer cells that leads to death in 90% of the patients. The focus of this review is giving an overall understanding of these process, concentrating on the changes in protein association and regulation and how the tumor cells use it to their advantage. Since the expression of cytoskeletal proteins can be directly related to the degree of malignancy, knowledge about these proteins will provide powerful tools to improve both cancer prognosis and treatment. Abstract Successful metastasis depends on cell invasion, migration, host immune escape, extravasation, and angiogenesis. The process of cell invasion and migration relies on the dynamic changes taking place in the cytoskeletal components; actin, tubulin and intermediate filaments. This is possible due to the plasticity of the cytoskeleton and coordinated action of all the three, is crucial for the process of metastasis from the primary site. Changes in cellular architecture by internal clues will affect the cell functions leading to the formation of different protrusions like lamellipodia, filopodia, and invadopodia that help in cell migration eventually leading to metastasis, which is life threatening than the formation of neoplasms. Understanding the signaling mechanisms involved, will give a better insight of the changes during metastasis, which will eventually help targeting proteins for treatment resulting in reduced mortality and longer survival.
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16
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Marcus K, Lelong C, Rabilloud T. What Room for Two-Dimensional Gel-Based Proteomics in a Shotgun Proteomics World? Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8030017. [PMID: 32781532 PMCID: PMC7563651 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was instrumental in the birth of proteomics in the late 1980s. However, it is now often considered as an outdated technique for proteomics—a thing of the past. Although this opinion may be true for some biological questions, e.g., when analysis depth is of critical importance, for many others, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomics still has a lot to offer. This is because of its robustness, its ability to separate proteoforms, and its easy interface with many powerful biochemistry techniques (including western blotting). This paper reviews where and why two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomics can still be profitably used. It emerges that, rather than being a thing of the past, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomics is still highly valuable for many studies. Thus, its use cannot be dismissed on simple fashion arguments and, as usual, in science, the tree is to be judged by the fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Marcus
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Medical Faculty & Medical Proteome Analysis, Center for Proteindiagnostics (PRODI) Ruhr-University Bochum Gesundheitscampus, 4 44801 Bochum, Germany;
| | - Cécile Lelong
- CBM UMR CNRS5249, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 17 rue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38054 Grenoble, France;
| | - Thierry Rabilloud
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals, UMR 5249, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 38054 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-438-783-212
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17
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Hassn Mesrati M, Behrooz AB, Y. Abuhamad A, Syahir A. Understanding Glioblastoma Biomarkers: Knocking a Mountain with a Hammer. Cells 2020; 9:E1236. [PMID: 32429463 PMCID: PMC7291262 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most frequent and deadly form of human primary brain tumors. Among them, the most common and aggressive type is the high-grade glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which rapidly grows and renders patients a very poor prognosis. Meanwhile, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been determined in gliomas and play vital roles in driving tumor growth due to their competency in self-renewal and proliferation. Studies of gliomas have recognized CSCs via specific markers. This review comprehensively examines the current knowledge of the most significant CSCs markers in gliomas in general and in glioblastoma in particular and specifically focuses on their outlook and importance in gliomas CSCs research. We suggest that CSCs should be the superior therapeutic approach by directly targeting the markers. In addition, we highlight the association of these markers with each other in relation to their cascading pathways, and interactions with functional miRNAs, providing the role of the networks axes in glioblastoma signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amir Syahir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.M.); (A.B.B.); (A.Y.A.)
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18
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Risinger AL, Du L. Targeting and extending the eukaryotic druggable genome with natural products: cytoskeletal targets of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:634-652. [PMID: 31764930 PMCID: PMC7797185 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00053d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2014-2019We review recent progress on natural products that target cytoskeletal components, including microtubules, actin, intermediate filaments, and septins and highlight their demonstrated and potential utility in the treatment of human disease. The anticancer efficacy of microtubule targeted agents identified from plants, microbes, and marine organisms is well documented. We highlight new microtubule targeted agents currently in clinical evaluations for the treatment of drug resistant cancers and the accumulating evidence that the anticancer efficacy of these agents is not solely due to their antimitotic effects. Indeed, the effects of microtubule targeted agents on interphase microtubules are leading to their potential for more mechanistically guided use in cancers as well as neurological disease. The discussion of these agents as more targeted drugs also prompts a reevaluation of our thinking about natural products that target other components of the cytoskeleton. For instance, actin active natural products are largely considered chemical probes and non-selective toxins. However, studies utilizing these probes have uncovered aspects of actin biology that can be more specifically targeted to potentially treat cancer, neurological disorders, and infectious disease. Compounds that target intermediate filaments and septins are understudied, but their continued discovery and mechanistic evaluations have implications for numerous therapeutic indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- April L Risinger
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Pharmacology, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA.
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19
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Molecular Chaperones in Cancer Stem Cells: Determinants of Stemness and Potential Targets for Antitumor Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040892. [PMID: 32268506 PMCID: PMC7226806 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a great challenge in the fight against cancer because these self-renewing tumorigenic cell fractions are thought to be responsible for metastasis dissemination and cases of tumor recurrence. In comparison with non-stem cancer cells, CSCs are known to be more resistant to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Elucidation of mechanisms and factors that promote the emergence and existence of CSCs and their high resistance to cytotoxic treatments would help to develop effective CSC-targeting therapeutics. The present review is dedicated to the implication of molecular chaperones (protein regulators of polypeptide chain folding) in both the formation/maintenance of the CSC phenotype and cytoprotective machinery allowing CSCs to survive after drug or radiation exposure and evade immune attack. The major cellular chaperones, namely heat shock proteins (HSP90, HSP70, HSP40, HSP27), glucose-regulated proteins (GRP94, GRP78, GRP75), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), peptidyl-prolyl isomerases, protein disulfide isomerases, calreticulin, and also a transcription heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) initiating HSP gene expression are here considered as determinants of the cancer cell stemness and potential targets for a therapeutic attack on CSCs. Various approaches and agents are discussed that may be used for inhibiting the chaperone-dependent development/manifestations of cancer cell stemness.
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Kernel Differential Subgraph Analysis to Reveal the Key Period Affecting Glioblastoma. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020318. [PMID: 32079293 PMCID: PMC7072688 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fast-growing type of malignant primary brain tumor. To explore the mechanisms in GBM, complex biological networks are used to reveal crucial changes among different biological states, which reflect on the development of living organisms. It is critical to discover the kernel differential subgraph (KDS) that leads to drastic changes. However, identifying the KDS is similar to the Steiner Tree problem that is an NP-hard problem. In this paper, we developed a criterion to explore the KDS (CKDS), which considered the connectivity and scale of KDS, the topological difference of nodes and function relevance between genes in the KDS. The CKDS algorithm was applied to simulated datasets and three single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets including GBM, fetal human cortical neurons (FHCN) and neural differentiation. Then we performed the network topology and functional enrichment analyses on the extracted KDSs. Compared with the state-of-art methods, the CKDS algorithm outperformed on simulated datasets to discover the KDSs. In the GBM and FHCN, seventeen genes (one biomarker, nine regulatory genes, one driver genes, six therapeutic targets) and KEGG pathways in KDSs were strongly supported by literature mining that they were highly interrelated with GBM. Moreover, focused on GBM, there were fifteen genes (including ten regulatory genes, three driver genes, one biomarkers, one therapeutic target) and KEGG pathways found in the KDS of neural differentiation process from activated neural stem cells (aNSC) to neural progenitor cells (NPC), while few genes and no pathway were found in the period from NPC to astrocytes (Ast). These experiments indicated that the process from aNSC to NPC is a key differentiation period affecting the development of GBM. Therefore, the CKDS algorithm provides a unique perspective in identifying cell-type-specific genes and KDSs.
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Neamati F, Asemi Z. The effects of melatonin on signaling pathways and molecules involved in glioma. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 34:192-199. [PMID: 31808968 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most common brain tumors with high invasion and malignancy. Despite extensive research in this area and the use of new and advanced therapies, the survival rate in this disease is very low. In addition, resistance to treatment has also been observed in this disease. One of the reasons for rapid progression and failure in treatment for this disease is the presence of a class of cells with high proliferation and high differentiation, a class called glioblastoma stem-like cells shown as being the source of glioblastoma tumors. It has been reported that several oncogenes are expressed in this disease. One important issue in recognizing the pathogenesis of this disease, and which could improve the treatment process, is the identification of involved oncogenes as well as molecules that affect the reduction of the expression of these oncogenes. Melatonin regulates the biological rhythm and inhibits the proliferation of malignant glioma cells due to antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Melatonin has been considered in biological processes and in signaling pathways involved in the development of glioma. The aim of this review is to investigate the effects of melatonin on signaling pathways and molecules involved in the progression of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroogh Neamati
- Department of Microbiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, 87159-88141, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, 87159-88141, I.R. Iran
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Iglesia RP, Fernandes CFDL, Coelho BP, Prado MB, Melo Escobar MI, Almeida GHDR, Lopes MH. Heat Shock Proteins in Glioblastoma Biology: Where Do We Stand? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5794. [PMID: 31752169 PMCID: PMC6888131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are evolutionary conserved proteins that work as molecular chaperones and perform broad and crucial roles in proteostasis, an important process to preserve the integrity of proteins in different cell types, in health and disease. Their function in cancer is an important aspect to be considered for a better understanding of disease development and progression. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and lethal brain cancer, with no effective therapies. In recent years, HSPs have been considered as possible targets for GBM therapy due their importance in different mechanisms that govern GBM malignance. In this review, we address current evidence on the role of several HSPs in the biology of GBMs, and how these molecules have been considered in different treatments in the context of this disease, including their activities in glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), a small subpopulation able to drive GBM growth. Additionally, we highlight recent works that approach other classes of chaperones, such as histone and mitochondrial chaperones, as important molecules for GBM aggressiveness. Herein, we provide new insights into how HSPs and their partners play pivotal roles in GBM biology and may open new therapeutic avenues for GBM based on proteostasis machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marilene Hohmuth Lopes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (R.P.I.); (C.F.d.L.F.); (B.P.C.); (M.B.P.); (M.I.M.E.); (G.H.D.R.A.)
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Khosla R, Hemati H, Rastogi A, Ramakrishna G, Sarin SK, Trehanpati N. miR-26b-5p helps in EpCAM+cancer stem cells maintenance via HSC71/HSPA8 and augments malignant features in HCC. Liver Int 2019; 39:1692-1703. [PMID: 31276277 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult because of their similarities with normal stem cells (NSCs). EpCAM can identify CSCs from EpCAM+AFP+HCC cases, but is also expressed on NSCs. We aimed to distinguish the two using integrated protein, mRNA and miRNA profiling. METHODS iTRAQ based protein profiling and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was performed on EpCAM+/EpCAM- cells isolated from HCC (Ep+CSC, Ep- HCC) and EpCAM+ cells from non-cancerous/non-cirrhotic control liver tissues (Ep+NSC). Validations were done using qRT-PCR, flowcytometry and western blotting followed by in vitro and in vivo functional studies. RESULTS 11 proteins were overexpressed (>3 fold) in Ep+CSCs compared to Ep- HCC and Ep+NSC cells. However, RNA-sequencing confirmed the Ep+CSC specific up-regulation of only HSPA8, HNRNPC, MPST and GAPDH mRNAs among these. Database search combined with miRNA profiling revealed Ep+ CSC specific down-regulation of 29 miRNAs targeting these four genes. Of these, only miR-26b-5p was found to target both HSPA8 and EpCAM. Validation of HSPA8 overexpression and miR-26b-5p down-regulation followed by linear regression analysis established a negative correlation between the two. Functional studies demonstrated that reduced miR-26b-5p expression increased the spheroid formation, migration, invasion and tumourigenicity of Ep+ CSCs. Furthermore, anti-miR-26b-5p increased the number of Ep+ CSCs with a concomitant overexpression of stemness genes and reduction of proapoptotic protein BBC3, which is a known substrate of HSPA8. CONCLUSION miR-26b-5p imparts metastatic properties and helps in maintenance of Ep+ CSCs via HSPA8. Thus, miR-26b-5p and HSPA8 could serve as molecular targets for selectively eliminating the Ep+ CSC population in human HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Khosla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Hamed Hemati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Gayatri Ramakrishna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, ILBS, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirupma Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
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A tumorsphere model of glioblastoma multiforme with intratumoral heterogeneity for quantitative analysis of cellular migration and drug response. Exp Cell Res 2019; 379:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Intermediate Filaments as Effectors of Cancer Development and Metastasis: A Focus on Keratins, Vimentin, and Nestin. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050497. [PMID: 31126068 PMCID: PMC6562751 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermediate filament (IF) proteins make up the largest family of cytoskeletal proteins in metazoans, and are traditionally known for their roles in fostering structural integrity in cells and tissues. Remarkably, individual IF genes are tightly regulated in a fashion that reflects the type of tissue, its developmental and differentiation stages, and biological context. In cancer, IF proteins serve as diagnostic markers, as tumor cells partially retain their original signature expression of IF proteins. However, there are also characteristic alterations in IF gene expression and protein regulation. The use of high throughput analytics suggests that tumor-associated alterations in IF gene expression have prognostic value. Parallel research is also showing that IF proteins directly and significantly impact several key cellular properties, including proliferation, death, migration, and invasiveness, with a demonstrated impact on the development, progression, and characteristics of various tumors. In this review, we draw from recent studies focused on three IF proteins most associated with cancer (keratins, vimentin, and nestin) to highlight how several “hallmarks of cancer” described by Hanahan and Weinberg are impacted by IF proteins. The evidence already in hand establishes that IF proteins function beyond their classical roles as markers and serve as effectors of tumorigenesis.
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Matsuda Y, Tanaka M, Sawabe M, Mori S, Muramatsu M, Mieno MN, Ishiwata T, Arai T. The stem cell-specific intermediate filament nestin missense variation p.A1199P is associated with pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4647-4654. [PMID: 30988821 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intermediate filament nestin is upregulated in stem/progenitor cells and cancers, and regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness. The present study comparatively analyzed serial autopsies of Japanese patients (n=2,206; males, 1,225; females, 981; median, 80.7 years old; range, 33-104 years old) with malignant tumors of whole organs, with respect to the clinical information, and 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms of the nestin gene. p.A1199P associated with pancreatic cancer (odds ratio, 4.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-10.0, P=0.001) while it did not associate with malignant neoplasms in other organs. p.A1199P did not associate with precancerous lesions of the pancreas. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of nestin were not associated with sex, drinking, smoking, or body weight. In conclusion, the amino acid 1,199 of nestin is localized in the tail structure of the filament and polymerizes with other intermediate filament proteins. The present results suggest that missense variations of nestin affect pancreatic carcinogenesis in Japanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Motoji Sawabe
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Seijiro Mori
- Center for Promotion of Clinical Investigation, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masaaki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Makiko Naka Mieno
- Department of Medical Informatics, Center for Information, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Gupta R, Sharma D. Evolution of Magnetic Hyperthermia for Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1157-1172. [PMID: 30715851 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of glial tumor, and despite many recent advances, its prognosis remains dismal. Hence, new therapeutic approaches for successful GBM treatment are urgently required. Magnetic hyperthermia-mediated cancer therapy (MHCT), which is based on heating the tumor tissues using magnetic nanoparticles on exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF), has shown promising results in the preclinical studies conducted so far. The aim of this Review is to evaluate the progression of MHCT for GBM treatment and to determine its effectiveness on the treatment either alone or in combination with other adjuvant therapies. The preclinical studies presented MHCT as an effective treatment module for the reduction of tumor cell growth and increase in survival of the tumor models used. Over the years, much research has been done to prove MHCT alone as the missing notch for successful GBM therapy. However, very few combinatorial studies have been reported. Some of the clinical studies carried out so far depicted that MHCT could be applied safely while possessing minimal side effects. Finally, we believe that, in the future, advancements in magnetic nanosystems might contribute toward establishing MHCT as a potential treatment tool for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Gupta
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab-160062, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab-160062, India
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The Small Molecule Ephrin Receptor Inhibitor, GLPG1790, Reduces Renewal Capabilities of Cancer Stem Cells, Showing Anti-Tumour Efficacy on Preclinical Glioblastoma Models. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030359. [PMID: 30871240 PMCID: PMC6468443 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapies against glioblastoma (GBM) show a high percentage of failure associated with the survival of glioma stem cells (GSCs) that repopulate treated tumours. Forced differentiation of GSCs is a promising new approach in cancer treatment. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptors drive tumourigenicity and stemness in GBM. We tested GLPG1790, a first small molecule with inhibition activity versus inhibitor of various Eph receptor kinases, in preclinical GBM models using in vitro and in vivo assays. GLPG1790 rapidly and persistently inhibited Ephrin-A1-mediated phosphorylation of Tyr588 and Ser897, completely blocking EphA2 receptor signalling. Similarly, this compound blocks the ephrin B2-mediated EphA3 and EphB4 tyrosine phosphorylation. This resulted in anti-glioma effects. GLPG1790 down-modulated the expression of mesenchymal markers CD44, Sox2, nestin, octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (Oct3/4), Nanog, CD90, and CD105, and up-regulated that of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and pro-neural/neuronal markers, βIII tubulin, and neurofilaments. GLPG1790 reduced tumour growth in vivo. These effects were larger compared to radiation therapy (RT; U251 and T98G xenografts) and smaller than those of temozolomide (TMZ; U251 and U87MG cell models). By contrast, GLPG1790 showed effects that were higher than Radiotherapy (RT) and similar to Temozolomide (TMZ) in orthotopic U87MG and CSCs-5 models in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Further experiments were necessary to study possible interactions with radio- and chemotherapy. GLPG1790 demonstrated anti-tumor effects regulating both the differentiative status of Glioma Initiating Cells (GICs) and the quality of tumor microenvironment, translating into efficacy in aggressive GBM mouse models. Significant common molecular targets to radio and chemo therapy supported the combination use of GLPG1790 in ameliorative antiglioma therapy.
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Yang J, Dou Z, Peng X, Wang H, Shen T, Liu J, Li G, Gao Y. Transcriptomics and proteomics analyses of anti-cancer mechanisms of TR35-An active fraction from Xinjiang Bactrian camel milk in esophageal carcinoma cell. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:2349-2359. [PMID: 30420292 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of the active fraction extracted from the Xinjiang Bactrian camel whey on the human cancer cells using an in vitro and in vivo model of human carcinoma of the esophagus. METHODS AND RESULTS Our results demonstrated that an antitumor active fraction, TR35, isolated from Xinjiang Bactrian camel milk could significantly inhibit Eca109 cell proliferation and induce its apoptosis (indicated by MTT assay, Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection, and caspase-3 activity). Moreover, we found that TR35 could inhibit the growth of xenografted tumor in nude mice without loss in body weight. Furthermore, we used RNA-Seq and 2-DE combined Mass Spectrometry analysis to identify differentially expressed RNA and protein markers of apoptosis and necrosis. Compared with untreated Eca109 cells, a total of 405 differentially expressed genes and 55 differentially expressed proteins were identified in TR35 treated Eca109 cells. KEGG analysis uncovered signaling pathways closely associated with cancer inhibition that were enriched in the TR35-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS These results might implicate that downregulation of specific proteins identified in this study may be the cause of this tumor growth inhibition. This study sheds light on the potential therapeutic advantages based on the historical anti-cancer activities of camel milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhihua Dou
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xi Peng
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tong Shen
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Guan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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Dynamism, Sensitivity, and Consequences of Mesenchymal and Stem-Like Phenotype of Cancer Cells. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4516454. [PMID: 30405720 PMCID: PMC6199882 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4516454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are remarkable similarities in the description of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer cells with mesenchymal phenotype. Both cell types are highly tumorigenic, resistant against common anticancer treatment, and thought to cause metastatic growth. Moreover, cancer cells are able to switch between CSC and non-CSC phenotypes and vice versa, to ensure the necessary balance within the tumor. Likewise, cancer cells can switch between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes via well-described transition (EMT/MET) that is thought to be crucial for tumor propagation. In this review, we discuss whether, and to which extend, the CSCs and mesenchymal cancer cells are overlapping phenomena in terms of mechanisms, origin, and implication for cancer treatment. As well, we describe the dynamism of both phenotypes and involvement of the tumor microenvironment in CSC reversion and in EMT.
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31
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Nuclear Nestin deficiency drives tumor senescence via lamin A/C-dependent nuclear deformation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3613. [PMID: 30190500 PMCID: PMC6127343 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05808-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has revealed that Nestin not only serves as a biomarker for multipotent stem cells, but also regulates cell proliferation and invasion in various tumors. However, the mechanistic contributions of Nestin to cancer pathogenesis are still unknown. In the present study, previously thought to reside exclusively in the cytoplasm, Nestin can also be found in the nucleus and participate in protecting tumor cells against cellular senescence. Specifically, we reveal that Nestin has a nuclear localization signal (aa318–aa347) at the downstream of rod domain. We then find nuclear Nestin could interact with lamin A/C. Mechanistic investigations demonstrate that Nestin depletion results in the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), which causes the phosphorylation of lamin A/C (mainly at S392 site) and its subsequent translocation to the cytoplasm for degradation. The findings establish a role for nuclear Nestin in tumor senescence, which involves its nucleus-localized form and interaction with lamin A/C. Nestin can be localised in the nucleus of cancer cells, but its nuclear role in tumorigenesis is unclear. Here, the authors show that nuclear Nestin prevents senescence in tumor cells by stabilising lamin A/C from proteasomal degradation to maintain nuclear integrity.
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Lee H, Lee HJ, Jung JH, Shin EA, Kim SH. Melatonin disturbs SUMOylation-mediated crosstalk between c-Myc and nestin via MT1 activation and promotes the sensitivity of paclitaxel in brain cancer stem cells. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12496. [PMID: 29654697 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Here the underlying antitumor mechanism of melatonin and its potency as a sensitizer of paclitaxel was investigated in X02 cancer stem cells. Melatonin suppressed sphere formation and induced G2/M arrest in X02 cells expressing nestin, CD133, CXCR4, and SOX-2 as biomarkers of stemness. Furthermore, melatonin reduced the expression of CDK2, CDK4, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and c-Myc and upregulated cyclin B1 in X02 cells. Notably, genes of c-Myc related mRNAs were differentially expressed in melatonin-treated X02 cells by microarray analysis. Consistently, melatonin reduced the expression of c-Myc at mRNA and protein levels, which was blocked by MG132. Of note, overexpression of c-Myc increased the expression of nestin, while overexpression of nestin enhanced c-Myc through crosstalk despite different locations, nucleus, and cytoplasm. Interestingly, melatonin attenuated small ubiquitin-related modifier-1 (SUMO-1) more than SUMO-2 or SUMO-3 and disturbed nuclear translocation of nestin for direct binding to c-Myc by SUMOylation of SUMO-1 protein by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation. Also, melatonin reduced trimethylated histone H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 more than dimethylation in X02 cells by Western blotting and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Notably, melatonin upregulated MT1, not MT2, in X02 cells and melatonin receptor inhibitor luzindole blocked the ability of melatonin to decrease the expression of nestin, p-c-Myc(S62), and c-Myc. Furthermore, melatonin promoted cytotoxicity, sub-G1 accumulation, and apoptotic body formation by Paclitaxcel in X02 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that melatonin inhibits stemness via suppression of c-Myc, nestin, and histone methylation via MT1 activation and promotes anticancer effect of Paclitaxcel in brain cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ah Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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De Pascalis C, Pérez-González C, Seetharaman S, Boëda B, Vianay B, Burute M, Leduc C, Borghi N, Trepat X, Etienne-Manneville S. Intermediate filaments control collective migration by restricting traction forces and sustaining cell-cell contacts. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3031-3044. [PMID: 29980627 PMCID: PMC6122997 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201801162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Using an in vitro wound healing assay, De Pascalis et al. show that intermediate filaments (IFs) participate in the dynamics of the acto-myosin network and its association with adhesions in astrocytes during collective migration. Glial IFs control the distribution of forces and the interactions between neighboring cells, ultimately determining the speed and direction of collective migration. Mesenchymal cell migration relies on the coordinated regulation of the actin and microtubule networks that participate in polarized cell protrusion, adhesion, and contraction. During collective migration, most of the traction forces are generated by the acto-myosin network linked to focal adhesions at the front of leader cells, which transmit these pulling forces to the followers. Here, using an in vitro wound healing assay to induce polarization and collective directed migration of primary astrocytes, we show that the intermediate filament (IF) network composed of vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and nestin contributes to directed collective movement by controlling the distribution of forces in the migrating cell monolayer. Together with the cytoskeletal linker plectin, these IFs control the organization and dynamics of the acto-myosin network, promoting the actin-driven treadmilling of adherens junctions, thereby facilitating the polarization of leader cells. Independently of their effect on adherens junctions, IFs influence the dynamics and localization of focal adhesions and limit their mechanical coupling to the acto-myosin network. We thus conclude that IFs promote collective directed migration in astrocytes by restricting the generation of traction forces to the front of leader cells, preventing aberrant tractions in the followers, and by contributing to the maintenance of lateral cell–cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Pascalis
- Institut Pasteur Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691, Cell Polarity, Migration, and Cancer Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie Université Paris 06, L'Institut de Formation Doctorale, Paris, France
| | - Carlos Pérez-González
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Facultat de Medicina, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shailaja Seetharaman
- Institut Pasteur Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691, Cell Polarity, Migration, and Cancer Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Batiste Boëda
- Institut Pasteur Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691, Cell Polarity, Migration, and Cancer Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Vianay
- University of Paris Diderot, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Hôpital Saint Louis, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, UMRS1160, CytoMorpho Lab, Paris, France.,University of Grenoble-Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CytoMorpho Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Mithila Burute
- University of Paris Diderot, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Hôpital Saint Louis, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, UMRS1160, CytoMorpho Lab, Paris, France.,University of Grenoble-Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CytoMorpho Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Leduc
- Institut Pasteur Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691, Cell Polarity, Migration, and Cancer Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Borghi
- Institut Jacques Monod, Unité Mixe de Recherche 7592, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Facultat de Medicina, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
- Institut Pasteur Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691, Cell Polarity, Migration, and Cancer Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
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Li D, Hao X, Song Y. Identification of the Key MicroRNAs and the miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Pathways in Prostate Cancer by Bioinformatics Methods. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6204128. [PMID: 30027097 PMCID: PMC6031162 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6204128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify key microRNAs (miRNAs) and their regulatory networks in prostate cancer. METHODS Four miRNA and three gene expression microarray datasets were downloaded for analysis from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed miRNA and genes were accessed by a GEO2R. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID program. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed using the STRING and Cytoscape tool. Moreover, the results and clinical significance were validated in TCGA data. RESULTS We identified 26 significant DEMs, 633 upregulated DEGs, and 261 downregulated DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that significant DEGs were related to TGF-beta signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway in PCa. Key DEGs such as HSPA8, PPP2R1A, CTNNB1, ADCY5, ANXA1, and COL9A2 were found as hub genes in PPI networks. TCGA data supported our results and the miRNAs were correlated with clinical stages and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS We identified 26 miRNAs that may take part in key pathways like TGF-beta and TNF pathways in prostate cancer regulatory networks. MicroRNAs like miR-23b, miR-95, miR-143, and miR-183 can be utilized in assisting the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer as biomarkers. Further experimental studies are required to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Xuanyu Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, China
| | - Yongsheng Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
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HIF1α regulates single differentiated glioma cell dedifferentiation to stem-like cell phenotypes with high tumorigenic potential under hypoxia. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28074-28092. [PMID: 28427209 PMCID: PMC5438632 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment for Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is surgical resection and subsequent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Surgical resection of GBM is typically restricted because of its invasive growth, which results in residual tumor cells including glioma stem cells (GSCs) and differentiated cells. Recurrence has been previously thought to occur as a result of these GSCs, and hypoxic microenvironment maintains the GSCs stemness also plays an important role. Summarizing traditional studies and we find many researchers ignored the influence of hypoxia on differentiated cells. We hypothesized that the residual differentiated cells may be dedifferentiated to GSC-like cells under hypoxia and play a crucial role in the rapid, high-frequency recurrence of GBM. Therefore, isolated CD133-CD15-NESTIN- cells were prepared as single-cell culture and treated with hypoxia. More than 95% of the surviving single differentiated CD133-CD15-NESTIN- cell dedifferentiated into tumorigenic CD133+CD15+NESTIN+ GSCs, and this process was regulated by hypoxia inducible factor-1α. Moreover, the serum also played an important role in this dedifferentiation. These findings challenge the traditional glioma cell heterogeneity model, cell division model and glioma malignancy development model. Our study also highlights the mechanism of GBM recurrence and the importance of anti-hypoxia therapy. In addition to GSCs, residual differentiated tumor cells also substantially contribute to treatment resistance and the rapid, high recurrence of GBM.
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36
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HIF1α regulates glioma chemosensitivity through the transformation between differentiation and dedifferentiation in various oxygen levels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7965. [PMID: 28801626 PMCID: PMC5554160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy plays a significant role in glioma treatment; however, it has limited effectiveness in extending the life expectancies of glioma patients. Traditional studies have attributed this lack of efficacy to glioma stem cells (GSCs) and their high resistance to chemotherapy, and hypoxia worsens this issue. In contrast, hyperoxia effectively alleviates hypoxia in glioma and sensitizes glioma cells to chemotherapy. In a summary of traditional studies, the majority of researchers overlooked the influence of hypoxia on differentiated cells because they only focused on the maintenance of GSCs stemness, which thus resulted in chemoresistance. Because of this background, we hypothesized that GSCs may be induced through dedifferentiation under hypoxic conditions, and hypoxia maintains GSCs stemness, which thus leads to resistance to chemotherapy. In contrast, hyperoxia inhibits the dedifferentiation process and promotes GSCs differentiation, which increases the sensitization of glioma cells to chemotherapy. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) contributes substantially to the stemness maintenance of GSCs and resistance of glioma to chemotherapy; thus, we investigated whether HIF1α regulates the resistance or sensitization of glioma cells to chemotherapy in different oxygen levels. It highlights a novel viewpoint on glioma chemosensitivity from the transformation between dedifferentiation and differentiation in different oxygen levels.
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37
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Matsuda Y, Ishiwata T, Yoshimura H, Yamahatsu K, Minamoto T, Arai T. Nestin phosphorylation at threonines 315 and 1299 correlates with proliferation and metastasis of human pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:354-361. [PMID: 28002641 PMCID: PMC5378226 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroepithelial stem cell marker nestin is a cytoskeletal protein that regulates cell proliferation, invasion, and stemness in various tumors, including pancreatic tumors. In the present study, we examined the expression and roles of phosphorylated nestin in pancreatic cancer cells. Nestin phosphorylation at threonines 315 (Thr315) and 1299 (Thr1299) was observed during mitosis in human pancreatic cancer cells. Nestin phosphorylation was positively correlated with a cell proliferation marker, MIB-1 expression in human pancreatic cancer samples. Transfection of MIA PaCa-2 cells with nestin mutated at Thr315 and/or Thr1299 (to suppress phosphorylation) resulted in lower proliferation rates than those in control groups. Transfecting MIA PaCa-2 cells with wild-type nestin or with nestin mutated at Thr315 increased migration and invasion. In contrast, transfection with nestin mutated at both phosphorylation sites (Thr315 and Thr1299) did not enhance cell migration or invasion. In an intra-splenic xenograft experiment using MIA PaCa-2 cells, tumors expressing the nestin double mutant formed fewer liver metastases than tumors expressing wild-type nestin. Nestin phosphorylation at these two sites was decreased upon treatment with inhibitors for cyclin dependent kinases, AKT, and Aurora in PANC-1 cells, which express a high baseline level of phosphorylated nestin. These findings suggest that phosphorylation of nestin at Thr315 and/or Thr1299 affects cell proliferation, and inhibition of both phosphorylation sites suppresses invasion and metastasis of human pancreatic cancer. Inhibiting nestin phosphorylation at these two sites may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Department of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yoshimura
- Division of Physiological Pathology, Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamahatsu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinari Minamoto
- Divisions of Translational and Clinical Oncology and Surgical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University and Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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38
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Heat Shock Factor 1 Depletion Sensitizes A172 Glioblastoma Cells to Temozolomide via Suppression of Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020468. [PMID: 28241425 PMCID: PMC5344000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a transcription factor activated by various stressors, regulates proliferation and apoptosis by inducing expression of target genes, such as heat shock proteins and Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) interacting cell death suppressor (BIS). HSF1 also directly interacts with BIS, although it is still unclear whether this interaction is critical in the regulation of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). In this study, we examined whether small interfering RNA-mediated BIS knockdown decreased protein levels of HSF1 and subsequent nuclear localization under GSC-like sphere (SP)-forming conditions. Consistent with BIS depletion, HSF1 knockdown also reduced sex determining region Y (SRY)-box 2 (SOX2) expression, a marker of stemness, accompanying the decrease in SP-forming ability and matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP2) activity. When HSF1 or BIS knockdown was combined with temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, a standard drug used in glioblastoma therapy, apoptosis increased, as measured by an increase in poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, whereas cancer stem-like properties, such as colony-forming activity and SOX2 protein expression, decreased. Taken together, our findings suggest that targeting BIS or HSF1 could be a viable therapeutic strategy for GSCs resistant to conventional TMZ treatment.
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39
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Galardi S, Savino M, Scagnoli F, Pellegatta S, Pisati F, Zambelli F, Illi B, Annibali D, Beji S, Orecchini E, Alberelli MA, Apicella C, Fontanella RA, Michienzi A, Finocchiaro G, Farace MG, Pavesi G, Ciafrè SA, Nasi S. Resetting cancer stem cell regulatory nodes upon MYC inhibition. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:1872-1889. [PMID: 27852622 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201541489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MYC deregulation is common in human cancer and has a role in sustaining the aggressive cancer stem cell populations. MYC mediates a broad transcriptional response controlling normal biological programmes, but its activity is not clearly understood. We address MYC function in cancer stem cells through the inducible expression of Omomyc-a MYC-derived polypeptide interfering with MYC activity-taking as model the most lethal brain tumour, glioblastoma. Omomyc bridles the key cancer stemlike cell features and affects the tumour microenvironment, inhibiting angiogenesis. This occurs because Omomyc interferes with proper MYC localization and itself associates with the genome, with a preference for sites occupied by MYC This is accompanied by selective repression of master transcription factors for glioblastoma stemlike cell identity such as OLIG2, POU3F2, SOX2, upregulation of effectors of tumour suppression and differentiation such as ID4, MIAT, PTEN, and modulation of the expression of microRNAs that target molecules implicated in glioblastoma growth and invasion such as EGFR and ZEB1. Data support a novel view of MYC as a network stabilizer that strengthens the regulatory nodes of gene expression networks controlling cell phenotype and highlight Omomyc as model molecule for targeting cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Galardi
- Biomedicine and Prevention Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Serena Pellegatta
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Unit, Istituto Besta, Milan, Italy.,Experimental Oncology Department, IEO, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Pisati
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, and Cogentech, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Zambelli
- IBBE - CNR, Bari, Italy.,Biosciences Department, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Elisa Orecchini
- Biomedicine and Prevention Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Michienzi
- Biomedicine and Prevention Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Giulia Farace
- Biomedicine and Prevention Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Pavesi
- Biosciences Department, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Anna Ciafrè
- Biomedicine and Prevention Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Nasi
- IBPM - CNR, Rome, Italy .,Biology and Biotechnologies Department, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Ishiwata T. Cancer stem cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition: Novel therapeutic targets for cancer. Pathol Int 2016; 66:601-608. [PMID: 27510923 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of various therapeutic approaches, recurrence and metastasis remain major problems for patients with advanced cancer. Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in cancer aggressiveness. In cancer tissues, a small number of CSCs are able to self-renew and differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells. CSCs usually remain in the resting phase of the cell cycle and possess efficient drug efflux pathways. Thus, they are resistant to chemoradiotherapy and surviving CSCs contribute to recurrence. During cancer metastasis, CSCs undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby acquiring mesenchymal features, migrating to adjacent stromal tissues, and invading blood or lymph vessels. Recent studies showed that EMT-inducible factors also enhance or induce CSC-like features in cancer cells. These findings suggest that EMT is closely correlated with cancer recurrence and metastasis. Inhibition of nestin, a CSC marker, reduces the aggressiveness of several types of cancer. Suppression of the mesenchymal variant of fibroblast growth factor (FGFR)-2, FGFR-2 IIIc, and regulation of the EMT using epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1) are effective in the treatment of immunodeficient mice with pancreatic cancer. The roles of CSCs and EMT in cancer and possible therapies are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Division of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
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Guo J, Jing R, Lv X, Wang X, Li J, Li L, Li C, Wang D, Bi B, Chen X, Yang JH. H2A/K pseudogene mutation may promote cell proliferation. Mutat Res 2016; 787:32-42. [PMID: 26953487 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to the histone H2A/K pseudogene. Results from our laboratory showed that 7 of 10 kidney cancer patients carried a mutant H2A/K pseudogene; therefore, we were interested in determining the relationship between mutant H2A/K and cell proliferation. We used shotgun and label-free proteomics methods to study whether mutant H2A/K lncRNAs affected cell proliferation. Quantitative proteomic analysis indicated that the expression of mutant H2A/K lncRNAs resulted in the upregulation of many oncogenes, which promoted cell proliferation. Further interaction analyses revealed that a proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-protein interaction network, with PCNA in the center, contributes to cell proliferation in cells expressing the mutant H2A/K lncRNAs. Western blotting confirmed the critical upregulation of PCNA by mutant H2A/K lncRNA expression. Finally, the promotion of cell proliferation by mutant H2A/K lncRNAs (C290T, C228A and A45G) was confirmed using cell proliferation assays. Although we did not determine the exact mechanism by which the oncogenes were upregulated by the mutant H2A/K lncRNAs, we confirmed that the mutant H2A/K lncRNAs promoted cell proliferation by upregulating PCNA and other oncogenes. The hypothesis that cell proliferation is promoted by the mutant H2A/K lncRNAs was supported by the protein expression and cell proliferation assay results. Therefore, mutant H2A/K lncRNAs may be a new factor in renal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Guo
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ruirui Jing
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Junqiang Li
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lin Li
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Cuiling Li
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Daoguang Wang
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Baibing Bi
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xinjun Chen
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China; Department of Surgery, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston 510660, MA, USA.
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Stress Response Leading to Resistance in Glioblastoma-The Need for Innovative Radiotherapy (iRT) Concepts. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8010015. [PMID: 26771644 PMCID: PMC4728462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults. In spite of multimodal therapy concepts, consisting of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the median survival, merely 15–18 months, is still poor. Mechanisms for resistance of GBM to radio(chemo)therapy are not fully understood yet and due to the genetic heterogeneity within the tumor including radiation-resistant tumor stem cells, there are several factors leading to therapy failure. Recent research revealed that, hypoxia during radiation and miRNAs may adversely affect the therapeutic response to radiotherapy. Further molecular alterations and prognostic markers like the DNA-repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), anti-apoptotic molecular chaperones, and/or the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) have also been identified to play a role in the sensitivity to cytostatic agents. Latest approaches in the field of radiotherapy to use particle irradiation or dose escalation strategies including modern molecular imaging, however, need further evaluation with regard to long-term outcome. In this review we focus on current information about the mechanisms and markers that mediate resistance to radio(chemo)therapy, and discuss the opportunities of Innovative Radiotherapy (iRT) concepts to improve treatment options for GBM patients.
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43
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ERKAN EP, VURGUN U, ERBAYRAKTAR RS, ERBAYRAKTAR Z. Glioblastoma stem cells: a therapeutic challenge. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1508-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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44
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iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Identified HSC71 as a Novel Serum Biomarker for Renal Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:802153. [PMID: 26425554 PMCID: PMC4573615 DOI: 10.1155/2015/802153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urologic cancers and about 80% of RCC are of the clear-cell type (ccRCC). However, there are no serum biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis of RCC. In this study, we performed a quantitative proteomic analysis on serum samples from ccRCC patients and control group by using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling and LC-MS/MS analysis to access differentially expressed proteins. Overall, 16 proteins were significantly upregulated (ratio > 1.5) and 14 proteins were significantly downregulated (ratio < 0.67) in early-stage ccRCC compared to control group. HSC71 was selected and subsequently validated by Western blot in six independent sets of patients. ELISA subsequently confirmed HSC71 as a potential serum biomarker for distinguishing RCC from benign urologic disease with an operating characteristic curve (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.76~0.96), achieving sensitivity of 87% (95% CI 69%~96%) at a specificity of 80% (95% CI 61~92%) with a threshold of 15 ng/mL. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis led to identification of serum HSC71 as a novel serum biomarker of RCC, particularly useful in early diagnosis of ccRCC.
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45
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Mughal AA, Grieg Z, Skjellegrind H, Fayzullin A, Lamkhannat M, Joel M, Ahmed MS, Murrell W, Vik-Mo EO, Langmoen IA, Stangeland B. Knockdown of NAT12/NAA30 reduces tumorigenic features of glioblastoma-initiating cells. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:160. [PMID: 26292663 PMCID: PMC4546247 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain malignancy and confers a dismal prognosis. GBMs harbor glioblastoma-initiating cells (GICs) that drive tumorigenesis and contribute to therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence. Consequently, there is a strong rationale to target this cell population in order to develop new molecular therapies against GBM. Accumulating evidence indicates that Nα-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs), that are dysregulated in numerous human cancers, can serve as therapeutic targets. Methods Microarrays were used to study the expression of several NATs including NAT12/NAA30 in clinical samples and stem cell cultures. The expression of NAT12/NAA30 was analyzed using qPCR, immunolabeling and western blot. We conducted shRNA-mediated knockdown of NAT12/NAA30 gene in GICs and studied the effects on cell viability, sphere-formation and hypoxia sensitivity. Intracranial transplantation to SCID mice enabled us to investigate the effects of NAT12/NAA30 depletion in vivo. Using microarrays we identified genes and biochemical pathways whose expression was altered upon NAT12/NAA30 down-regulation. Results While decreased expression of the distal 3’UTR of NAT12/NAA30 was generally observed in GICs and GBMs, this gene was strongly up-regulated at the protein level in GBM and GICs. The increased protein levels were not caused by increased levels of the steady state mRNA but rather by other mechanisms. Also, shorter 3’UTR of NAT12/NAA30 correlated with poor survival in glioma patients. As well, we observed previously not described nuclear localization of this typically cytoplasmic protein. When compared to non-silencing controls, cells featuring NAT12/NAA30 knockdown exhibited reduced cell viability, sphere-forming ability, and mitochondrial hypoxia tolerance. Intracranial transplantation showed that knockdown of NAT12/NAA30 resulted in prolonged animal survival. Microarray analysis of the knockdown cultures showed reduced levels of HIF1α and altered expression of several other genes involved in the hypoxia response. Furthermore, NAT12/NAA30 knockdown correlated with expressional dysregulation of genes involved in the p53 pathway, ribosomal assembly and cell proliferation. Western blot analysis revealed reduction of HIF1α, phospho-MTOR(Ser2448) and higher levels of p53 and GFAP in these cultures. Conclusion NAT12/NAA30 plays an important role in growth and survival of GICs possibly by regulating hypoxia response (HIF1α), levels of p-MTOR (Ser2448) and the p53 pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0432-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais A Mughal
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,SFI-CAST-Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Zanina Grieg
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Håvard Skjellegrind
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Artem Fayzullin
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Mustapha Lamkhannat
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Mrinal Joel
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Laboratory of Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - M Shakil Ahmed
- Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Wayne Murrell
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Einar O Vik-Mo
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,SFI-CAST-Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Iver A Langmoen
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,SFI-CAST-Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Biljana Stangeland
- Vilhelm Magnus Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, Institute for Surgical Research and Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,SFI-CAST-Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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