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Tong X, Li C, Ma L, Wu D, Liu Y, Zhao L, Wang M. Potentially functional genetic variants in interferon regulatory factor family genes are associated with colorectal cancer survival. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38812445 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family genes play a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and impact patient survival. This study evaluated the influence of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IRF genes on CRC survival, including functional predictions and experimental validations. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified three linked SNPs as significant survival predictors, with the rs141112353 T/T genotype in the 3'UTR region of IRF6 significantly associated with decreased survival (HR = 1.60, P = 6E-04). Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis indicated that the rs141112353 TA > T alteration reduced IRF6 expression. Dual luciferase assays showed lower activity for the T allele in the presence of hsa-miR-548ap-3p. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and other databases confirmed lower IRF6 levels in CRC tissues, correlating with worse survival and inversely with M2 macrophage infiltration. In vitro, IRF6 overexpression inhibited CRC cell proliferation and M2 macrophage polarization by downregulating MIF expression. These findings suggest that the IRF6 rs141112353 TA > T variant significantly affects CRC survival, potentially by enhancing miR-548-ap-3p binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Tong
- Experimental Research Center, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghui Li
- Experimental Research Center, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ma
- Experimental Research Center, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Wu
- Experimental Research Center, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonglei Liu
- Experimental Research Center, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wu X, Xie W, Gong B, Fu B, Chen W, Zhou L, Luo L. Development and validation of a combined hypoxia- and metabolism-related prognostic signature to predict clinical prognosis and immunotherapy responses in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1162846. [PMID: 38023248 PMCID: PMC10667439 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1162846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia and metabolism are closely correlated with the progression of cancer. We aimed to construct a combined hypoxia- and metabolism-related genes (HMRGs) prognostic signature to predict survival and immunotherapy responses in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods The RNA-seq profiles and clinical data of ccRCC were acquired from the TCGA and the ArrayExpress (E-MTAB-1980) databases. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to establish a prognostic signature. The E-MTAB-1980 cohort was selected for validation. The effectiveness and reliability of the signature were further evaluated by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Further analyses, including functional enrichment, ssGSEA algorithm, CIBERSORT algorithm, and expression of immune checkpoints, were explored to investigate immune status and immunotherapy responses. Results We constructed a prognostic eight-gene signature with IRF6, TEK, PLCB2, ABCB1, TGFA, COL4A5, PLOD2, and TUBB6. Patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the medium-risk score. The K-M analysis revealed that patients in the high-risk group had an apparently poor prognosis compared to those in the low-risk group in the TCGA (p < 0.001) and E-MTAB-1980 (p < 0.005). The area under ROC curve (AUC) of the prognostic signature was 0.8 at 1 year, 0.77 at 3 years, and 0.78 at 5 years in the TCGA, respectively, and was 0.82 at 1 year, 0.74 at 3 years, and 0.75 at 5 years in the E-MTAB-1980, respectively. Independent prognostic analysis confirmed the risk score as a separate prognostic factor in ccRCC patients (p < 0.001). The results of ssGSEA showed not only a high degree of immune cell infiltration but also high scores of immune-related functions in the high-risk group. The CIBERSORT analysis further confirmed that the abundance of immune cells was apparently different between the two risk groups. The risk score was significantly correlated with the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3), and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Conclusion The HMRGs signature could be used to predict clinical prognosis, evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy, and guide personalized immunotherapy in ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lianmin Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Mohanta A, Kumar RR, Singh RK, Mandal S, Yadav R, Khatkar R, Sharma U, Uttam V, Rana MK, Rana AP, Jain A. Emerging role of miR-320a in lung cancer: a comprehensive review. Biomark Med 2023; 17:767-781. [PMID: 38095986 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A specialized biomarker(s) for lung cancer is imperative owing to its high mortality. Continuing our earlier work demonstrating the role of miR-320a as a tumor suppressor, here we discuss the most recent updates on miR-320a in lung cancer pathogenesis. We found that miR-320a modulates levels of diverse cancer-associated molecules and signaling pathways, and is also involved in modulating the immune microenvironment of lung cancer during its pathogenesis. We also discuss how miR-320a encapsulated in exosomes inhibits invasive phenotypes of lung cancer. Therefore, based on the multimodal role of miR-320a in lung cancer development and progression, we believe that miR-320a may be utilized as a potential diagnostic/prognostic marker and therapeutic target for lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrija Mohanta
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Rajiv R Kumar
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Rahul K Singh
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Surojit Mandal
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Rinku Khatkar
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Uttam Sharma
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Vivek Uttam
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Manjit K Rana
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Amrit Ps Rana
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Aklank Jain
- Non-Coding RNA & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
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Liu ZJ, Zheng LS, Li CZ, Peng LX, Mei Y, Lang YH, Xu L, Meng DF, Peng XS, Wang MD, Xie DH, Guo LL, Ding LY, Huang BJ, Qian CN. Correlated with better prognosis, CSTA inhibits metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via suppressing AKT signaling through promoting METTL3 degradation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166696. [PMID: 36963524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is one of the main obstacles impeding the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, with the molecular mechanism underlying NPC metastasis still unclear. RESULTS In this study, Cystatin A (CSTA) was found downregulated in NPC tissues with metastasis compared with those without metastasis. Shorter overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival were found in NPC patients with lower CSTA expression. Using functional assays, we found that CSTA prevented both the in vitro motility of NPC cells and their ability to metastasize in vivo. Transcriptome sequencing and western blot analysis revealed that CSTA inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT. Moreover, activating AKT using AKT agonist SG79 rescued the motility of CSTA-overexpressing NPC cells, whereas, treatment with AKT inhibitor MK2206 inhibited the motility of CSTA-knockdown NPC cells. Mechanically, immunoprecipitation coupled mass spectrometry found that CSTA interacted with the N6-adenosine-methyltransferase subunit METTL3 and promoted its ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation following the upregulation of NKX3-1 and LHPP, which are negative regulators of AKT. Furthermore, knock-down of NKX3-1 and LHPP enhanced the motility of CSTA-overexpressing NPC cells. CONCLUSIONS The inhibitory effect of CSTA upon NPC metastasis mainly depended on suppressing AKT signaling by the upregulation of NKX3-1 and LHPP expression resulting from the binding between CSTA and METLL3. Our study suggests that the CSTA-METLL3-NKX3-1/LHPP-AKT axis could be of therapeutic value for inhibiting NPC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523058, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- Medical School, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467021, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yan Mei
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Hong Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xing-Si Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Ming-Dian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - De-Huan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ling-Ling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Liu-Yan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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Parisi L, Mockenhaupt C, Rihs S, Mansour F, Katsaros C, Degen M. Consistent downregulation of the cleft lip/palate-associated genes IRF6 and GRHL3 in carcinomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1023072. [PMID: 36457487 PMCID: PMC9706198 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) and Grainyhead Like Transcription Factor 3 (GRHL3) are transcription factors that orchestrate gene regulatory networks required for the balance between keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation. Absence of either protein results in the lack of a normal stratified epidermis with keratinocytes failing to stop proliferating and to terminally differentiate. Numerous pathological variants within IRF6 and GRHL3 have been identified in orofacial cleft-affected individuals and expression of the two transcription factors has been found to be often dysregulated in cancers. However, whether orofacial cleft-associated IRF6 and GRHL3 variants in patients might also affect their cancer risk later in life, is not clear yet. The fact that the role of IRF6 and GRHL3 in cancer remains controversial makes this question even more challenging. Some studies identified IRF6 and GRHL3 as oncogenes, while others could attribute tumor suppressive functions to them. Trying to solve this apparent conundrum, we herein aimed to characterize IRF6 and GRHL3 function in various types of carcinomas. We screened multiple cancer and normal cell lines for their expression, and subsequently proceeded with functional assays in cancer cell lines. Our data uncovered consistent downregulation of IRF6 and GRHL3 in all types of carcinomas analyzed. Reduced levels of IRF6 and GRHL3 were found to be associated with several tumorigenic properties, such as enhanced cell proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition, migration and reduced differentiation capacity. Based on our findings, IRF6 and GRHL3 can be considered as tumor suppressor genes in various carcinomas, which makes them potential common etiological factors for cancer and CLP in a fraction of CLP-affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Constantinescu T, Mihis AG. Two Important Anticancer Mechanisms of Natural and Synthetic Chalcones. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911595. [PMID: 36232899 PMCID: PMC9570335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette subfamily G and tubulin pharmacological mechanisms decrease the effectiveness of anticancer drugs by modulating drug absorption and by creating tubulin assembly through polymerization. A series of natural and synthetic chalcones have been reported to have very good anticancer activity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration lower than 1 µM. By modulation, it is observed in case of the first mechanism that methoxy substituents on the aromatic cycle of acetophenone residue and substitution of phenyl nucleus by a heterocycle and by methoxy or hydroxyl groups have a positive impact. To inhibit tubulin, compounds bind to colchicine binding site. Presence of methoxy groups, amino groups or heterocyclic substituents increase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Constantinescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alin Grig Mihis
- Advanced Materials and Applied Technologies Laboratory, Institute of Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Fantanele Str. 30, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
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Tan L, Qu W, Wu D, Liu M, Ai Q, Hu H, Wang Q, Chen W, Zhou H. The interferon regulatory factor 6 promotes cisplatin sensitivity in colorectal cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10504-10517. [PMID: 35443865 PMCID: PMC9161955 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies and causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Cell proliferation and tumor metastasis as well as chemoresistance are correlated with poor survival of CRC. The interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) is functioned as a tumor suppressor gene in several cancers and is associated with risk of CRC. We explored the role of IRF6 in CRC in the present study. The protein expressions of IRF6 in human CRC tissues, normal para-carcinoma tissue and liver metastases from CRC were measured. Cell proliferation, chemotherapeutic sensitivity, cell apoptosis, migration and invasion including the related markers along with IRF6 expression were explored. Our results indicated that IRF6 expression in CRC and liver metastasis were lower than normal tissues, which were correlated positively with E-cadherin and negatively with Ki67 expression in CRC tissue. IRF6 promoted CRC cell sensitivity to cisplatin to suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as aggravate cell apoptosis. Our study suggested that IRF6 may enhance chemotherapeutic sensitivity of cisplatin mediated by affecting cell proliferation, migration and invasion along with apoptosis through regulating E-cadherin and Ki67, while the identified molecular mechanisms remain to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Weiming Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Dajun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Minji Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Qiongjia Ai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Hongsai Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Weishun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
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Huang JL, Chen SY, Lin CS. Targeting Cancer Stem Cells through Epigenetic Modulation of Interferon Response. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040556. [PMID: 35455671 PMCID: PMC9027081 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cancer cells and are thought to play a critical role in the initiation and maintenance of tumor mass. CSCs exhibit similar hallmarks to normal stem cells, such as self-renewal, differentiation, and homeostasis. In addition, CSCs are equipped with several features so as to evade anticancer mechanisms. Therefore, it is hard to eliminate CSCs by conventional anticancer therapeutics that are effective at clearing bulk cancer cells. Interferons are innate cytokines and are the key players in immune surveillance to respond to invaded pathogens. Interferons are also crucial for adaptive immunity for the killing of specific aliens including cancer cells. However, CSCs usually evolve to escape from interferon-mediated immune surveillance and to shape the niche as a “cold” tumor microenvironment (TME). These CSC characteristics are related to their unique epigenetic regulations that are different from those of normal and bulk cancer cells. In this review, we introduce the roles of epigenetic modifiers, focusing on LSD1, BMI1, G9a, and SETDB1, in contributing to CSC characteristics and discussing the interplay between CSCs and interferon response. We also discuss the emerging strategy for eradicating CSCs by targeting these epigenetic modifiers, which can elevate cytosolic nuclei acids, trigger interferon response, and reshape a “hot” TME for improving cancer immunotherapy. The key epigenetic and immune genes involved in this crosstalk can be used as biomarkers for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jau-Ling Huang
- Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan;
| | - Si-Yun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Chakravorty S, Afzali B, Kazemian M. EBV-associated diseases: Current therapeutics and emerging technologies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1059133. [PMID: 36389670 PMCID: PMC9647127 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1059133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
EBV is a prevalent virus, infecting >90% of the world's population. This is an oncogenic virus that causes ~200,000 cancer-related deaths annually. It is, in addition, a significant contributor to the burden of autoimmune diseases. Thus, EBV represents a significant public health burden. Upon infection, EBV remains dormant in host cells for long periods of time. However, the presence or episodic reactivation of the virus increases the risk of transforming healthy cells to malignant cells that routinely escape host immune surveillance or of producing pathogenic autoantibodies. Cancers caused by EBV display distinct molecular behaviors compared to those of the same tissue type that are not caused by EBV, presenting opportunities for targeted treatments. Despite some encouraging results from exploration of vaccines, antiviral agents and immune- and cell-based treatments, the efficacy and safety of most therapeutics remain unclear. Here, we provide an up-to-date review focusing on underlying immune and environmental mechanisms, current therapeutics and vaccines, animal models and emerging technologies to study EBV-associated diseases that may help provide insights for the development of novel effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Chakravorty
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Behdad Afzali
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, United States
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Kukal S, Guin D, Rawat C, Bora S, Mishra MK, Sharma P, Paul PR, Kanojia N, Grewal GK, Kukreti S, Saso L, Kukreti R. Multidrug efflux transporter ABCG2: expression and regulation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6887-6939. [PMID: 34586444 PMCID: PMC11072723 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette efflux transporter G2 (ABCG2) was originally discovered in a multidrug-resistant breast cancer cell line. Studies in the past have expanded the understanding of its role in physiology, disease pathology and drug resistance. With a widely distributed expression across different cell types, ABCG2 plays a central role in ATP-dependent efflux of a vast range of endogenous and exogenous molecules, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis and providing tissue protection against xenobiotic insults. However, ABCG2 expression is subjected to alterations under various pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, infection, tissue injury, disease pathology and in response to xenobiotics and endobiotics. These changes may interfere with the bioavailability of therapeutic substrate drugs conferring drug resistance and in certain cases worsen the pathophysiological state aggravating its severity. Considering the crucial role of ABCG2 in normal physiology, therapeutic interventions directly targeting the transporter function may produce serious side effects. Therefore, modulation of transporter regulation instead of inhibiting the transporter itself will allow subtle changes in ABCG2 activity. This requires a thorough comprehension of diverse factors and complex signaling pathways (Kinases, Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic hedgehog) operating at multiple regulatory levels dictating ABCG2 expression and activity. This review features a background on the physiological role of transporter, factors that modulate ABCG2 levels and highlights various signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms and genetic polymorphisms in ABCG2 regulation. This understanding will aid in identifying potential molecular targets for therapeutic interventions to overcome ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) and to manage ABCG2-related pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Debleena Guin
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Chitra Rawat
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shivangi Bora
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Priya Sharma
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Priyanka Rani Paul
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Grewal
- Department of Biotechnology, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144004, India
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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11
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Li Z, Yang W, Qiu J, Xu H, Fan B, Li K, Zhou J, Li Y. Decreased interferon regulatory factor 6 expression due to DNA hypermethylation predicts an unfavorable prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:6640-6655. [PMID: 34659554 PMCID: PMC8518015 DOI: 10.7150/jca.62394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Emerging evidences have indicated that IRF6, as a member of the Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) family, plays important roles in a variety of tumors. However, the expression status of IRF6 and its prognostic value in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unclear. Methods: In this study, we used TCGA-KIRC, GEO and TIP databases and immunohistochemistry staining to determine the expression profile, clinico-pathological features and prognostic value of IRF6 in ccRCC. MSP and demethylation analysis were utilized to verify the regulatory effect of DNA methylation on IRF6 expression. Results: Our results found that IRF6 expression was downregulated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines, and decreased IRF6 expression was associated with worse clinicopathological features and poorer prognosis. Besides, the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis also confirmed that decreased IRF6 expression was an independently risk factor predictor of shorter Overall Survival (OS) (HR: 0.8524, 95%CI: 0.7614-0.9543, P=0.0056) and Disease Free Survival (DFS) (HR: 0.7024, 95%CI: 0.6087-0.8104, P<0.0001) in ccRCC patients. Moreover, the results of MSP and demethylation analysis validated that decreased IRF6 expression was caused by DNA hypermethylation. Furthermore, our results showed that IRF6 expression was associated with the infiltration levels of multiple immune cells in ccRCC. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that IRF6 expression was significantly reduced in ccRCC and DNA hypermethylation played an important role in decreased IRF6 expression. In addition, the decrease of IRF6 was related to the unfavorable prognosis of ccRCC patients and the alterations of tumor immune cells infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wuping Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Qiu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jingcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, P.R. China
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12
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Ma X, Wang X, Dong Q, Pang H, Xu J, Shen J, Zhu J. Inhibition of KIF20A by transcription factor IRF6 affects the progression of renal clear cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:246. [PMID: 33941190 PMCID: PMC8091794 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, whose incidence is increasing year by year. IRF6 plays an important role in the occurrence of tumors, although there is yet no report on its expression in ccRCC. Methods The expression of IRF6 and KIF20A in ccRCC was predicted by GEPIA and HAP databases. In addition, GEPIA database predicted the relationship between IRF6 and KIF20A expressions and the pathological staging, overall survival, and disease-free survival of ccRCC. The possible binding sites of IRF6 and KIF20A promoters were predicted by JASPAR database and verified by luciferase and ChIP assays. The specific effects of IRF6 on ccRCC cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were subsequently examined at both cellular level and animal level. Results The database predicted down-regulated IRF6 expression in renal carcinoma tissues and its correlation with poor prognosis. IRF6 overexpression inhibited cRCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. In addition, up-regulated KIF20A expression in renal carcinoma tissues and its association with prognosis were also predicted. Interference with KIF20A inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of ccRCC cells. Finally, we confirmed that KIF20A is a functional target of IRF6 and can partially reverse the effects of IRF6 on the proliferation, invasion and migration of ccRCC cells. Conclusion: Inhibition of KIF20A by transcription factor IRF6 affects cell proliferation, invasion and migration in renal clear cell carcinoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01879-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongquan Pang
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junkang Shen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianbing Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Chen Y, Wang Q, Cao L, Tang Y, Yao M, Bi H, Huang Y, Sun G, Song J. Nicotine-derived NNK induces the stemness enrichment of CRC cells through regulating the balance of DUSP4-ERK1/2 feedback loop. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 214:112057. [PMID: 33662786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has been considered as an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression. In this study, we found that cigarette smoking was significantly associated with poor CRC differentiation (P = 0.040). Since studies have indicated that poorly differentiated tumors are more aggressive and metastasize earlier, leading to poorer prognosis; and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are largely responsible for tumor differentiation state, here we observed that the exposure of nicotine-derived 4-(methylnitrosamino)- 1-(3-pyridyl)- 1-butanone (NNK) promoted cell sphere formation and the expression of the stem cell markers, CD44, OCT4, C-MYC and NANOG in HCT8 and DLD-1 cells. Further colony formation assay, CCK-8 assay and tumor-bearing experiment showed that NNK exposure significantly increased the proliferative and growth ability of CRC cells. In mechanism, we found that NNK-activated ERK1/2 played an important role in enrichment of CRC stem cells and the up-regulation of DUSP4, a major negative regulator of ERK1/2. Moreover, DUSP4 up-regulation was essential for maintaining NNK-activated ERK1/2 in an appropriate level, which was an required event for NNK-induced stemness enrichment of CRC cells. Taken together, our findings provided a possible mechanistic insight into cigarette smoking-induced CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansu Chen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qinzhi Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Cao
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Tang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meixue Yao
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haoran Bi
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yefei Huang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guixiang Sun
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Song
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221002 Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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14
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Liu Y, Shao G, Yang Z, Lin X, Liu X, Qian B, Liu Z. Interferon regulatory factor 6 correlates with the progression of non-small cell lung cancer and can be regulated by miR-320. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:682-691. [PMID: 33772297 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The expression of interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) has been reported in several cancer types, but its roles underlying the progression of lung cancer have not been detailedly investigated. METHODS The pairs of lung cancer tissues and para-carcinoma tissues and The Cancer Genome Atlas database were collected to detect IRF6 expression. Cell counting kit-8, transwell and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick end labelling assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. KEY FINDINGS A significant up-regulation of IRF6 in both lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with normal non-tumor tissues. Subsequently, Immunostaining also revealed that canceration of lung tissues predisposed to evoke IRF6 expression. In vitro experiments revealed the antitumour effects, including growth and migration inhibition, of IRF6 siRNA transfection. Considering miR-320 as an endogenous inhibitor to IRF6, miR-320 mimics transfection led to the inhibition of proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells. However, overexpressed IRF6 neutralized the antineoplastic activities of miR-320 in lung cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS The miR-320/IRF6 signalling axis was implicated in pulmonary canceration. miR-320 as an endogenous inhibitor of IRF6 provided a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Guoguang Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Benxin Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
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15
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Tao D, Zhang N, Huang Q, Ge C, Li Q, Li S, Weng K, Guo Q, Sui J, Wang C, Zhang X, Wang Y. Association of Epstein-Barr virus infection with peripheral immune parameters and clinical outcome in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21976. [PMID: 33319825 PMCID: PMC7738521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with peripheral blood immune cell counts and clinical outcomes in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. In a retrospective design, 146 patients with NPC at stage IV were enrolled in this study. The association of EBV status with peripheral blood immune cell counts, distant metastases, and long-term survival in patients with advanced NPC were determined. Eighty-seven (59.6%) of all patients were positive for EBV. Compared with patients with normal NK cell count, patients with lower NK cell count showed a significantly lower EBV viral load (median: 614.0 vs. 2190.0 copies/mL, P = 0.024). EBV-positive patients showed a significantly higher incidence of liver metastasis than EBV-negative patients (32.6% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.021). Multi-variant regression analysis showed that EBV infection was independently associated with liver metastasis (OR: 2.33, P = 0.043). EBV positive patients showed a significantly worse PFS (P = 0.001) and OS (P = 0.001) than EBV negative patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that EBV infection was independently associated with a worse PFS (HR: 1.94, P = 0.003), and OS (HR: 2.12, P = 0.014) in advanced NPC. In conclusion, EBV infection is associated with a high risk of liver metastasis and is also an independent negative predictor for PFS and OS in patients with advanced NPC. EBV infection is associated with lower CD8% and higher NK%, while lower NK cell count is associated with lower EBV viral load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China. .,Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuang Ge
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qicheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shujie Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Kegui Weng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qishuai Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangdong Sui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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16
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Ren Y, Dong J, He P, Liang Y, Wu L, Wang J, Chu B. miR-587 promotes cervical cancer by repressing interferon regulatory factor 6. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3257. [PMID: 32749750 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) exhibits tumor-suppressive functions in several cancer types. In the present study, the antitumor properties and related pathway mechanism of IRF6 were investigated in cervical cancer. METHODS Forty-one pairs of cervical cancer specimens and para-carcinoma tissues were collected to evaluate IRF6 expression using immunohistochemical staining and miR-587. The effects of miR-587 and IRF6 on cervical cancer cell growth were explored by MTT assays and in a HeLa tumor xenograft mouse model. The migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells were monitored using transwell assays. RESULTS IRF6 expression in cervical cancer specimens and cell lines was significantly reduced compared to that in the corresponding control group. In addition, IRF6 expression was negatively correlated with miR-587 in cervical cancer tissues. Bioinformatics algorithms and luciferase assays revealed that IRF6 is a potential target of miR-587, and miR-587 mimic transfection led to a significant repression of IRF6 protein levels in cervical cancer cells. We also discovered that the antineoplastic properties of IRF6 could be reversed by overexpressing miR-587 in cervical cancer cells. The up-regulation of miR-587 was correlated with poor overall survival in cervical cancer. In an in vivo experiment, miR-587 silencing induced HeLa tumor growth inhibition, which was associated with the up-regulation of IRF6 protein in the tumor. CONCLUSIONS miR-587 post-transcriptionally represses IRF6 protein expression to abrogate the antineoplastic activity of IRF6. The miR-587/IRF6 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the progression of cervical cancer and serves as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefang Ren
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pingya He
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yufei Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiajian Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Boliang Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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17
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Guan S, Wei J, Huang L, Wu L. Chemotherapy and chemo-resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112758. [PMID: 32858472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and occurs frequently in the south of China and Southeast Asian countries. Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for NPC. Although, the combined treatment of chemo-radiotherapy produces a satisfying survival rate, the chemo-resistance arises as a big obstacle in curing recurrent NPC patients. The acquirement of chemo-resistance is usually along with a poor prognosis. So far, the mechanism of chemo-resistance in NPC has not been fully elucidated and there have not been a comprehensive review on this issue. Thus, it is of great significance to summarize the mechanisms involved in NPC chemo-resistance. In this review, the importance and limitations of chemotherapy and the mechanisms of chemo-resistances in NPC were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Guan
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jinrui Wei
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Lingkun Huang
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Lichuan Wu
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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18
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Hu H, Luo SJ, Cao ZR, Wu Y, Mo Z, Wang Y, Yu L, Chen Y, Xu L, Zhang SJ. Depressive Disorder promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma metastasis via upregulation of ABCG2 gene expression and maintenance of self-renewal. J Cancer 2020; 11:5309-5317. [PMID: 32742477 PMCID: PMC7391196 DOI: 10.7150/jca.45712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorder (DD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is the most prevalent mood disorder. Accumulative evidence from epidemiological studies has shown that DD is a risk factor for cancer. However, the role and molecular mechanism of DD in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unknown. In this study, 30 mice were randomly divided into two groups: the HCC group and the HCC-DD group. The DD mouse model of HCC was established by induction with reserpine every other day and with monthly doses of diethylnitrosamine (DEN). All of the molecular studies were based on primary cell culture, and the effects of DD on HCC cell proliferation and migration and cancer stem cell (CSC) self-renewal were determined by colony formation, wound healing, and sphere culture assays. We found that the CSC markers ABCG2 and CD133 were upregulated in HCC-DD primary cells compared with HCC primary cells. Moreover, HCC-DD primary cells were more aggressive in terms of metastasis and self-renewal than HCC primary cells. Further study revealed that DD promoted tumor growth and metastasis by activating the AKT signaling pathway followed by an increased ABCG2 expression. Taken together, our novel findings indicate that DD promotes proliferation, self-renewal, and metastasis by upregulating ABCG2 in the AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou (510407), China
| | - Shao-Ju Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Rui Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yingzi Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhuomao Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yongdan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
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19
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Wang Y, Gorlova OY, Gorlov IP, Zhu M, Dai J, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Goodman GE, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Wichmann HE, Bickeboller H, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold SM, Brennan P, Field JK, Shete S, Le Marchand L, Melander O, Brunnstrom H, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso NE, Woll PJ, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Stevens VL, Ma H, Jin G, Hu Z, Amos CI, Shen H. Association Analysis of Driver Gene-Related Genetic Variants Identified Novel Lung Cancer Susceptibility Loci with 20,871 Lung Cancer Cases and 15,971 Controls. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1423-1429. [PMID: 32277007 PMCID: PMC8120681 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial proportion of cancer driver genes (CDG) are also cancer predisposition genes. However, the associations between genetic variants in lung CDGs and the susceptibility to lung cancer have rarely been investigated. METHODS We selected expression-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eSNP) and nonsynonymous variants of lung CDGs, and tested their associations with lung cancer risk in two large-scale genome-wide association studies (20,871 cases and 15,971 controls of European descent). Conditional and joint association analysis was performed to identify independent risk variants. The associations of independent risk variants with somatic alterations in lung CDGs or recurrently altered pathways were investigated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. RESULTS We identified seven independent SNPs in five lung CDGs that were consistently associated with lung cancer risk in discovery (P < 0.001) and validation (P < 0.05) stages. Among these loci, rs78062588 in TPM3 (1q21.3) was a new lung cancer susceptibility locus (OR = 0.86, P = 1.65 × 10-6). Subgroup analysis by histologic types further identified nine lung CDGs. Analysis of somatic alterations found that in lung adenocarcinomas, rs78062588[C] allele (TPM3 in 1q21.3) was associated with elevated somatic copy number of TPM3 (OR = 1.16, P = 0.02). In lung adenocarcinomas, rs1611182 (HLA-A in 6p22.1) was associated with truncation mutations of the transcriptional misregulation in cancer pathway (OR = 0.66, P = 1.76 × 10-3). CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants can regulate functions of lung CDGs and influence lung cancer susceptibility. IMPACT Our findings might help unravel biological mechanisms underlying lung cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Olga Y Gorlova
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Ivan P Gorlov
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Department of Public Health IUOPA, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gary E Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg, Department of Biosciences, Allergy-Cancer-BioNano Research Centre, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ-German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heunz-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeboller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gad Rennert
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - John K Field
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Olle Melander
- Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosseman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | | | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Penella J Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Medicine (Division of Genetic Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas.
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Study on the Drug Targets and Molecular Mechanisms of Rhizoma Curcumae in the Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2606402. [PMID: 32595725 PMCID: PMC7301251 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2606402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim To analyse the target of Rhizoma Curcumae in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by using network pharmacological techniques and to explore the associated molecular mechanism. Methods The targets of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrieved from the GeneCards database. At the same time, the drug therapeutic targets of Rhizoma Curcumae were obtained from the TCMSP and SymMap databases. The data were imported into the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.1 to construct a network of “Chinese medicine component-target-disease” interactions; then, the intersection was screened as the core Rhizoma Curcumae antinasopharyngeal cancer targets. Through GO target function and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the core targets, we predicted the biological processes and key signalling pathways involved in the Rhizoma Curcumae treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Results Twenty-five core targets of Rhizoma Curcumae in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were mined: TP53, BCL2 ICAM1 RXRA, TLR3 and TLR9, TNF, PTGS2, IL-6, CTSD, MMP2, MMP9, MMP14, TIMP2, ABCC1, ABCB1, ABCG2, and so on. The results of visual analysis showed that the Rhizoma Curcumae treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma mainly involves leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells, positive regulation of NF-κB import into the nucleus, regulation of the reactive oxygen species biosynthetic and metabolic process, regulation of the chemokine biosynthetic and metabolic process, various cancer-related signalling pathways, and a variety of cytokine signal transduction pathways, such as the NF-κB, TLR, IL-17, and TNF signalling pathways. Conclusion The core targets predicted by our research can be used as molecular markers for the treatment and prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The mechanism of Rhizoma Curcumae treatment in NPC may be related to immune regulatory pathways, the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, as well as the regulation of tumour microenvironment. Combined with the prediction of its associated mechanism of action, the core targets can provide targeted reference value for subsequent drug development related to Curcuma.
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S100A14 suppresses metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibition of NF-kB signaling through degradation of IRAK1. Oncogene 2020; 39:5307-5322. [PMID: 32555330 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a unique head and neck cancer with highly aggressive and metastatic potential in which distant metastasis is the main reason for treatment failure. Till present, the underlying molecular mechanisms of NPC metastasis remains poorly understood. Here, we identified S100 calcium-binding protein A14 (S100A14) as a functional regulator suppressing NPC metastasis by inhibiting the NF-kB signaling pathway and reversing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). S100A14 was found to be downregulated in highly metastatic NPC cells and tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of 202 NPC samples revealed that lower S100A14 expression was significantly correlated with shorter patient overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). S100A14 was also found as an independent prognostic factor for favorable survival. Gain- and loss-of-function studies confirmed that S100A14 suppressed the in vitro and in vivo motility of NPC cells. Mechanistically, S100A14 promoted the ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) to suppress NPC cellular migration. Moreover, S100A14 and IRAK1 established a feedback loop that could be disrupted by the IRAK1 inhibitor T2457. Overall, our findings showed that the S100A14-IRAK1 feedback loop could be a promising therapeutic target for NPC metastasis.
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Lu J, Liu X, Zheng J, Song J, Liu Y, Ruan X, Shen S, Shao L, Yang C, Wang D, Cai H, Cao S, Xue Y. Lin28A promotes IRF6-regulated aerobic glycolysis in glioma cells by stabilizing SNHG14. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:447. [PMID: 32527996 PMCID: PMC7289837 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Warburg effect is a hallmark of cancer cells, wherein glycolysis is preferred over oxidative phosphorylation even in aerobic conditions. Reprogramming of glycometabolism is especially crucial for malignancy in glioma. RNA-binding proteins and long noncoding RNAs are important for aerobic glycolysis during malignant transformation. Thus, we determined the expression and function of RNA-binding protein Lin28A, long noncoding RNA SNHG14, and transcription factor IRF6 in human glioma cells to elucidate the mechanism(s) underlying their role in glycolysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting showed that Lin28A and SNHG14 were overexpressed and IRF6 was downregulated in glioma. Depleting Lin28A from cells decreased the stability and expression of SNHG14. Furthermore, depleting SNHG14 reduced IRF6 mRNA degradation by targeting its 3' untranslated region and inhibiting STAU1-mediated degradation, thereby increasing the expression of IRF6. PKM2 is an important enzyme in aerobic glycolysis, and GLUT1 is the primary transporter that facilitates glucose uptake. IRF6 inhibited the transcription of PKM2 and GLUT1, thereby impairing glycolysis and cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in glioma. Notably, depleting Lin28A and SNHG14 and overexpressing IRF6 reduced the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo and prolonged the survival of nude mice. Taken together, our data revealed that the Lin28A/SNHG14/IRF6 axis is crucial for reprogramming glucose metabolism and stimulating tumorigenesis in glioma cells. Thus, targeting this axis might help in the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for glioma metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Lu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelei Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Lianqi Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Heng Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuo Cao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China.
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Xu L, Hu H, Zheng LS, Wang MY, Mei Y, Peng LX, Qiang YY, Li CZ, Meng DF, Wang MD, Liu ZJ, Li XJ, Huang BJ, Qian CN. ETV4 is a theranostic target in clear cell renal cell carcinoma that promotes metastasis by activating the pro-metastatic gene FOSL1 in a PI3K-AKT dependent manner. Cancer Lett 2020; 482:74-89. [PMID: 32305558 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the major cause of short survival in ccRCC patients. However, the development of effective therapies for metastatic ccRCC is limited. Herein, we reported that ETV4 was selected from among 150 relevant genes with in vivo evidence of promoting metastasis. In this study, we identified that ETV4 promoted ccRCC cell migration and metastasis in vitro and in vivo, and a positive correlation between ETV4 and FOSL1 expression was found in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. Further investigation suggested that ETV4 increase FOSL1 expression through direct binding with the FOSL1 promoter. Furthermore, ETV4/FOSL1 was proved as a novel upstream and downstream causal relationship in ccRCC in an AKT dependent manner. In addition, both ETV4 and FOSL1 serve as an independent, unfavorable ccRCC prognostic indicator, and the accumulation of the ETV4 and FOSL1 in ccRCC patients result in a worse survival outcome in ccRCC patients. Taken together, our results suggest that the ETV4/FOSL1 axis acts as a prognostic biomarker and ETV4 directly up-regulates FOSL1 by binding with its promoter in a PI3K-AKT dependent manner, leading to metastasis and disease progression of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Sheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng-Yao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qiang
- Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory for Cerebrocranical Disease, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Dian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Jian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Centre for Excellence in Bio-macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.
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Hu H, Xu L, Luo SJ, Xiang T, Chen Y, Cao ZR, Zhang YJ, Mo Z, Wang Y, Meng DF, Yu L, Lin LZ, Zhang SJ. Retinal dehydrogenase 5 (RHD5) attenuates metastasis via regulating HIPPO/YAP signaling pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1897-1908. [PMID: 32788868 PMCID: PMC7415383 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.46091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal dehydrogenase 5 (RDH5) is an important enzyme in the visual cycle. Several studies have reported that the RDH family may play crucial roles in tumor prognosis. However, the role of RDH5 in tumor prognosis is still unclear. We examined the mRNA level of RDH5 by using q-PCR in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. The proliferation rate of HCC cells was detected by MTS assay, and the invasive ability was examined by transwell and scratch wound assays. The YAP protein localization and expression were visualized by immunofluorescence in two different cell lines. CpG islands in the promoter region were predicted by using the methprimer database. Clinical characteristics of a patient cohort data came from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. RDH5 was significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, and low RDH5 expression was associated with metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Functional assays revealed that the RDH5 promoter is methylated in HCC cell lines. Moreover, overexpressing RDH5 can suppress metastasis by reversing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and RDH5 also inhibits cell proliferation in HCC cell lines. Furthermore, suppressing RDH5 can activate the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway and promote the nuclear translocation of YAP. Clinical data demonstrated that RDH5 is an independent prognostic factor in HCC. In our study, we provided the first evidence that RDH5 plays a crucial role in suppressing proliferation and metastasis, and the RDH5 promoter is methylated in hepatocellular carcinoma. And as an important regulator, RDH5 can suppress the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway. Taken together, it revealed that RDH5 might be a potential therapeutic target in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou (510407), China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Ju Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Rui Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou (510407), China
| | - Zhuomao Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yongdan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Lin
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou (510407), China
| | - Shi-Jun Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
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25
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Gao L, Sang JZ, Cao H. Limonin enhances the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via attenuating Stat3-induced cell stemness. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109366. [PMID: 31545261 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of limonin have been disclosed in various tumors, however, its roles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression are never been revealed. In the current work, we collected NPC cells with a higher stemness compared with bulk cells through isolating the side population (SP) cells. It was found that limonin exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect on SP cells than that in bulk cells, which was evident by a lower IC50 value. Additionally, limonin attenuated the stemness and migration ability of SP cells with the higher stemness, characterized as decreasing the spheroid formation ability, expression of stemness markers and migration ability. Moreover, the proportion of SP cells in G0 phase was remarkably higher than that in bulk cells. Notably, upon limonin treatment, the proportion of SP cells in G0 was decreased and S/G2/M increased. Furthermore, limonin enhanced the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. The mechanistic studies based on RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that limonin inhibited the gene transcription driven by Stat3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and an activator of Stat3 (Colivelin or IL-6) rescued the inhibitory effects of limonin. Therefore, these results demonstrate that limonin could reduce the stemness of NPC cells and thus the radiosensitivity through suppressing Stat3 transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe Dong Road No.1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Sang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe Dong Road No.1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe Dong Road No.1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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26
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Ling XH, Fu H, Chen ZY, Lu JM, Zhuo YJ, Chen JH, Zhong WD, Jia Z. miR‑505 suppresses prostate cancer progression by targeting NRCAM. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:991-1004. [PMID: 31322225 PMCID: PMC6667922 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous researchers have demonstrated that microRNA-505 (miR-505) is negatively correlated with progression in various malignancies. However, the detailed function and molecular mechanisms of miR-505 have yet to be completely elucidated in prostate cancer (PCa). The present study initially identified the potential role of miR-505 in PCa using in vitro experiments, and demonstrated that restoration of miR-505 inhibited proliferation, invasion and migration, yet induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis in PCa cells. The present study also demonstrated that the expression of neuron-glial-related cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM) was markedly upregulated in PCa cells when compared with benign prostate epithelium. A luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-505 directly targeted NRCAM in PCa cells. In addition, NRCAM stimulation antagonized the inhibitory effects of miR-505 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells. Furthermore, lower levels of miR-505 and higher levels of NRCAM may serve as a predictor of worse biochemical recurrence-free survival or disease-free survival in patients with PCa. In conclusion, the present study revealed the inhibitory effects of miR-505 on PCa tumorigenesis, which potentially occur by targeting NRCAM. The combined analysis of NRCAM and miR-505 may predict disease progression in patients with PCa following radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hao Fu
- Department of Urology, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yun Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ming Lu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Jia Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Hong Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, P.R. China
| | - Wei-De Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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27
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Teneng I, Picchi MA, Leng S, Dagucon CP, Ramalingam S, Tellez CS, Belinsky SA. DNA-PKc deficiency drives pre-malignant transformation by reducing DNA repair capacity in concert with reprogramming the epigenome in human bronchial epithelial cells. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 79:1-9. [PMID: 31055244 PMCID: PMC6551272 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKc) is highly variable in smokers and reduced enzyme activity has been associated with risk for lung cancer. An in vitro model of lung pre-malignancy was used to evaluate the role of double-strand break DNA repair capacity in transformation of hTERT/CDK4 immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and reprograming of the epigenome. Here we show that knockdown of DNA-PKc to levels simulating haploinsufficiency dramatically reduced DNA repair capacity following challenge with bleomycin and significantly increased transformation efficiency of HBEC lines exposed weekly for 12 weeks to this radiomimetic. Transformed HBEC lines with wild type or knockdown of DNA-PKc showed altered expression of more than 1,000 genes linked to major cell regulatory pathways involved in lung cancer. While lung cancer driver mutations were not detected in transformed clones, more than 300 genes that showed reduced expression associated with promoter methylation in transformed clones or predictive for methylation in malignant tumors were identified. These studies support reduced DNA repair capacity as a key factor in the initiation and clonal expansion of pre-neoplastic cells and double-strand break DNA damage as causal for epigenetic mediated silencing of many lung cancer-associated genes. The fact that DNA damage, repair, and epigenetic silencing of genes are causal for many other cancers that include colon and prostate extends the generalizability and impact of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Teneng
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Maria A Picchi
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Shuguang Leng
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Suresh Ramalingam
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carmen S Tellez
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Steven A Belinsky
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Xu HF, Huang TJ, Yang Q, Xu L, Lin F, Lang YH, Hu H, Peng LX, Meng DF, Xie YJ, Tan L, Qian CN, Huang BJ. Candidate tumor suppressor gene IRF6 is involved in human breast cancer pathogenesis via modulating PI3K-regulatory subunit PIK3R2 expression. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5557-5572. [PMID: 31417306 PMCID: PMC6594015 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s203060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: The tumor-suppressive functions of interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) in some tumors have been preliminarily established, but its pathogenesis and underlying molecular mechanisms in breast cancer, the most common malignancy in women, remains poorly understood. Methods: Pairs of typical breast cancer cell lines (high- and low-aggressive) in addition to 27 breast cancer tissue samples and 31 non-cancerous breast tissues were used to investigate the expression level of IRF6 and Lentivirus-mediated gain-of-function studies, short hairpin RNA-mediated loss-of-function studies in vivo and in vitro were used to validate the role of IRF6 in breast cancer. Next, we performed RNA-Seq analysis to identify the molecular mechanisms of IRF6 involved in breast cancer progression. Results: Our findings showed that IRF6 was downregulated in highly invasive breast cancer cell lines but upregulated in poorly aggressive ones. Functional assays revealed that elevated IRF6 expression could suppress cell proliferation and tumorigenicity, and enhanced cellular chemotherapeutic sensitivity. To identify the molecular mechanisms involved, we performed a genome-wide and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis in breast cancer cells using RNA sequencing of gene expression profiles following the overexpression of IRF6. Genome-wide and KEGG analyses showed that IRF6 might mediate the PI3K-regulatory subunit PIK3R2, which in turn modulated the PI3K/AKT pathway to control breast cancer pathogenesis. Conclusion: We provide the first evidence of the involvement of IRF6 in breast cancer pathogenesis, which was found to modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway via mediating PIK3R2; indicating that IRF6 can be targeted as a potential therapeutic treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fa Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China.,Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Jun Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Lin
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Lang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Xie
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tan
- Center of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
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29
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Li D, Cheng P, Wang J, Qiu X, Zhang X, Xu L, Liu Y, Qin S. IRF6 Is Directly Regulated by ZEB1 and ELF3, and Predicts a Favorable Prognosis in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:220. [PMID: 31019894 PMCID: PMC6458252 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) acts as a tumor suppressor and controls cell differentiation in ectodermal and craniofacial tissues by regulating expression of target genes. However, its function in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown to date. In this study, we found that the IRF6 expression was significantly downregulated in GC. And the decreased expression of IRF6 was clinically correlated with poor prognosis of GC. Moreover, loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies showed that IRF6 was negatively regulated by ZEB1 but positively regulated by ELF3. Additionally, transcription factor ZEB1 and ELF3 could directly bind on IRF6 promoter, which suggested that transcription factor IRF6 is transcriptionally regulated by ZEB1 and ELF3. Nevertheless, we found that IRF6 expression was negatively related to its promoter methylation in TCGA stomach cancer cohorts. The downregulation of IRF6 in GC might be due to the overexpression of ZEB1 and the DNA methylation of IRF6 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Shiyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jingjie Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuemei Qiu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Shiyan, China
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30
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Hu H, Xu L, Chen Y, Luo SJ, Wu YZ, Xu SH, Liu MT, Lin F, Mei Y, Yang Q, Qiang YY, Lin YW, Deng YJ, Lin T, Sha YQ, Huang BJ, Zhang SJ. The Upregulation of Trophinin-Associated Protein (TROAP) Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:957-967. [PMID: 30854102 PMCID: PMC6400818 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Trophinin-associated protein (TROAP) is a cytoplasmic protein that plays a significant role in the processes of embryo transplantation and microtubule regulation. However, the relevant survival analysis and cancer progression analysis have not yet been reported. Methods: Eighteen matched pairs of tumor and adjacent non-tumor samples were evaluated to detect the TROAP mRNA level. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate the TROAP expression in 108 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent surgical resection. Meanwhile, data from the TCGA database was statistically evaluated. Results: In the present study, we detected a significant increase in the TROAP mRNA level in tumor tissues when compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. Moreover, the upregulation of TROAP was associated with increased serum AFP and GGT; the greater the tumor number was, the larger the tumor size, differentiation grade, and cancer embolus in clinical analysis. In HCC patients, elevated TROAP expression in the primary tumor was positively related to clinical severity, such as poor overall survival and disease-free survival. In addition, both univariate and multivariate survival analysis validated that TROAP expression was a promising independent risk factor for overall survival and disease-free survival in HCC patients. Furthermore, the results derived from the analysis of data from the TCGA database were consistent with previous results. Altogether, our results show that TROAP is a novel crucial regulator of HCC progression and is a potential therapeutic biomarker for HCC patients. Conclusions: Elevated TROAP expression predicted a poor prognosis, and TROAP may serve as a potential biomarker for application in oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Ju Luo
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Zi Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Hua Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Ting Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Fen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yan Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - You-Wu Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Jiang Deng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Sha
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
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31
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ErbB2-driven downregulation of the transcription factor Irf6 in breast epithelial cells is required for their 3D growth. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:151. [PMID: 30545388 PMCID: PMC6293553 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability of solid tumor cells to resist anoikis, apoptosis triggered by cell detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM), is thought to be critical for 3D tumor growth. ErbB2/Her2 oncoprotein is often overproduced by breast tumor cells and blocks their anoikis by partially understood mechanisms. In our effort to understand them better, we observed that detachment of nonmalignant human breast epithelial cells from the ECM upregulates the transcription factor Irf6. Irf6 is thought to play an important role in mammary gland homeostasis and causes apoptosis by unknown mechanisms. We noticed that ErbB2, when overproduced by detached breast epithelial cells, downregulates Irf6. Methods To test whether ErbB2 downregulates Irf6 in human ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells, we examined the effect of ErbB2 inhibitors, such as the anti-ErbB2 antibody trastuzumab or the ErbB2/epidermal growth factor receptor small-molecule inhibitor lapatinib, on Irf6 in these cells. Moreover, we performed Irf6 IHC analysis of tumor samples derived from the locally advanced ErbB2-positive breast cancers before and after neoadjuvant trastuzumab-based therapies. To examine the role of Irf6 in anoikis of nonmalignant and ErbB2-overproducing breast epithelial cells, we studied anoikis after knocking down Irf6 in the former cells by RNA interference and after overproducing Irf6 in the latter cells. To examine the mechanisms by which cell detachment and ErbB2 control Irf6 expression in breast epithelial cells, we tested the effects of genetic and pharmacological inhibitors of the known ErbB2-dependent signaling pathways on Irf6 in these cells. Results We observed that trastuzumab and lapatinib upregulate Irf6 in ErbB2-positive human breast tumor cells and that neoadjuvant trastuzumab-based therapies tend to upregulate Irf6 in human breast tumors. We found that detachment-induced Irf6 upregulation in nonmalignant breast epithelial cells requires the presence of the transcription factor ∆Np63α and that Irf6 mediates their anoikis. We showed that ErbB2 blocks Irf6 upregulation in ErbB2-overproducing cells by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinases that inhibit ∆Np63α-dependent signals required for Irf6 upregulation. Finally, we demonstrated that ErbB2-driven Irf6 downregulation in ErbB2-overproducing breast epithelial cells blocks their anoikis and promotes their anchorage-independent growth. Conclusions We have demonstrated that ErbB2 blocks anoikis of breast epithelial cells by downregulating Irf6. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1080-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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32
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Nikitakis NG, Gkouveris I, Aseervatham J, Barahona K, Ogbureke KUE. DSPP-MMP20 gene silencing downregulates cancer stem cell markers in human oral cancer cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:30. [PMID: 30002682 PMCID: PMC6040065 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent findings indicate that dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 20 interact in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of DSPP/MMP20 gene silencing on oral cancer stem cell (OCSC) markers. METHODS The expression of well-established OCSC markers: ABCG2; ALDH1; CD133; CD44; BMI1; LGR4, and Podoplanin in DSPP/MMP20-silenced OSCC cell line, OSC2, and controls were assayed by western blot (WB), and flow cytometry techniques. The sensitivity of OSC2 cells to cisplatin following DSPP/MMP20 silencing was also determined. RESULTS DSPP/MMP20 silencing resulted in downregulation of OCSC markers, more profoundly ABCG2 (84%) and CD44 (81%), following double silencing. Furthermore, while treatment of parent (pre-silenced) OSC2 cells with cisplatin resulted in upregulation of OCSC markers, DSPP/MMP20-silenced OSC2 cells similarly treated resulted in profound downregulation of OCSC markers (72 to 94% at 50 μM of cisplatin), and a marked reduction in the proportion of ABCG2 and ALDH1 positive cells (~ 1%). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the downregulation of OCSC markers may signal a reduction in OCSC population following MMP20/DSPP silencing in OSCC cells, while also increasing their sensitivity to cisplatin. Thus, our findings suggest a potential role for DSPP and MMP20 in sustaining OCSC population in OSCCs, possibly, through mechanism(s) that alter OCSC sensitivity to treatment with chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G. Nikitakis
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7500 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX 77054 USA
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Gkouveris
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7500 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX 77054 USA
| | - Jaya Aseervatham
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7500 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX 77054 USA
| | - Kelvin Barahona
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7500 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX 77054 USA
| | - Kalu U. E. Ogbureke
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7500 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX 77054 USA
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