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Zhao X, Yang M, Fan J, Wang M, Wang Y, Qin N, Zhu M, Jiang Y, Gorlova OY, Gorlov IP, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardón A, Chen C, Goodman GE, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Wichmann HE, Bickeböller H, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold SM, Brennan P, Field JK, Shete S, Le Marchand L, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso NE, Woll PJ, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Patel AV, Davies MPA, Ma H, Jin G, Hu Z, Amos CI, Shen H, Dai J. Identification of genetically predicted DNA methylation markers associated with non-small cell lung cancer risk among 34,964 cases and 448,579 controls. Cancer 2024; 130:913-926. [PMID: 38055287 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the associations between genetic variations and lung cancer risk have been explored, the epigenetic consequences of DNA methylation in lung cancer development are largely unknown. Here, the genetically predicted DNA methylation markers associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk by a two-stage case-control design were investigated. METHODS The genetic prediction models for methylation levels based on genetic and methylation data of 1595 subjects from the Framingham Heart Study were established. The prediction models were applied to a fixed-effect meta-analysis of screening data sets with 27,120 NSCLC cases and 27,355 controls to identify the methylation markers, which were then replicated in independent data sets with 7844 lung cancer cases and 421,224 controls. Also performed was a multi-omics functional annotation for the identified CpGs by integrating genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics and investigation of the potential regulation pathways. RESULTS Of the 29,894 CpG sites passing the quality control, 39 CpGs associated with NSCLC risk (Bonferroni-corrected p ≤ 1.67 × 10-6 ) were originally identified. Of these, 16 CpGs remained significant in the validation stage (Bonferroni-corrected p ≤ 1.28 × 10-3 ), including four novel CpGs. Multi-omics functional annotation showed nine of 16 CpGs were potentially functional biomarkers for NSCLC risk. Thirty-five genes within a 1-Mb window of 12 CpGs that might be involved in regulatory pathways of NSCLC risk were identified. CONCLUSIONS Sixteen promising DNA methylation markers associated with NSCLC were identified. Changes of the methylation level at these CpGs might influence the development of NSCLC by regulating the expression of genes nearby. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY The epigenetic consequences of DNA methylation in lung cancer development are still largely unknown. This study used summary data of large-scale genome-wide association studies to investigate the associations between genetically predicted levels of methylation biomarkers and non-small cell lung cancer risk at the first time. This study looked at how well larotrectinib worked in adult patients with sarcomas caused by TRK fusion proteins. These findings will provide a unique insight into the epigenetic susceptibility mechanisms of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Statistics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiqi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Health Management Center, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Qin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Olga Y Gorlova
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ivan P Gorlov
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Department of Public Health IUOPA, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gary E Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- Department of Biosciences, Allergy-Cancer-BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ-German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - John K Field
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosseman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | | | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Penella J Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Medicine (Division of Genetic Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael P A Davies
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Baylor College of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine and China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Li Y, Xiao X, Li J, Han Y, Cheng C, Fernandes GF, Slewitzke SE, Rosenberg SM, Zhu M, Byun J, Bossé Y, McKay JD, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Wichmann HE, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold SM, Goodman GE, Field JK, Davies MP, Shete S, Marchand LL, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Sun R, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso NE, Cox A, Hong YC, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Schwartz AG, Gorlov I, Purrington KS, Yang P, Liu Y, Bailey-Wilson JE, Pinney SM, Mandal D, Willey JC, Gaba C, Brennan P, Xia J, Shen H, Amos CI. Lung Cancer in Ever- and Never-Smokers: Findings from Multi-Population GWAS Studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:389-399. [PMID: 38180474 PMCID: PMC10905670 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical, molecular, and genetic epidemiology studies displayed remarkable differences between ever- and never-smoking lung cancer. METHODS We conducted a stratified multi-population (European, East Asian, and African descent) association study on 44,823 ever-smokers and 20,074 never-smokers to identify novel variants that were missed in the non-stratified analysis. Functional analysis including expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) colocalization and DNA damage assays, and annotation studies were conducted to evaluate the functional roles of the variants. We further evaluated the impact of smoking quantity on lung cancer risk for the variants associated with ever-smoking lung cancer. RESULTS Five novel independent loci, GABRA4, intergenic region 12q24.33, LRRC4C, LINC01088, and LCNL1 were identified with the association at two or three populations (P < 5 × 10-8). Further functional analysis provided multiple lines of evidence suggesting the variants affect lung cancer risk through excessive DNA damage (GABRA4) or cis-regulation of gene expression (LCNL1). The risk of variants from 12 independent regions, including the well-known CHRNA5, associated with ever-smoking lung cancer was evaluated for never-smokers, light-smokers (packyear ≤ 20), and moderate-to-heavy-smokers (packyear > 20). Different risk patterns were observed for the variants among the different groups by smoking behavior. CONCLUSIONS We identified novel variants associated with lung cancer in only ever- or never-smoking groups that were missed by prior main-effect association studies. IMPACT Our study highlights the genetic heterogeneity between ever- and never-smoking lung cancer and provides etiologic insights into the complicated genetic architecture of this deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianrong Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Younghun Han
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Chao Cheng
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Gail F. Fernandes
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shannon E. Slewitzke
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan M. Rosenberg
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - James D. McKay
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Asturias, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria T. Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - David C. Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - John K. Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P.A. Davies
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- University Health Network- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, California
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Luenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Angeline S. Andrew
- Departments of Epidemiology and Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Ryan Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Neil E. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Matthew B. Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ann G. Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kristen S. Purrington
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Ping Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Susan M. Pinney
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Diptasri Mandal
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - James C. Willey
- College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Colette Gaba
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Paul Brennan
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jun Xia
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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3
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Du M, Xin J, Zheng R, Yuan Q, Wang Z, Liu H, Liu H, Cai G, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Wichmann HE, Rennert G, Arnold S, Brennan P, Field JK, Shete SS, Le Marchand L, Liu G, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso NE, Cox A, Hong YC, Yuan JM, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Wang M, Shen H, Chen F, Zhang Z, Hung RJ, Amos CI, Wei Q, Lazarus P, Christiani DC. CYP2A6 Activity and Cigarette Consumption Interact in Smoking-Related Lung Cancer Susceptibility. Cancer Res 2024; 84:616-625. [PMID: 38117513 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke, containing both nicotine and carcinogens, causes lung cancer. However, not all smokers develop lung cancer, highlighting the importance of the interaction between host susceptibility and environmental exposure in tumorigenesis. Here, we aimed to delineate the interaction between metabolizing ability of tobacco carcinogens and smoking intensity in mediating genetic susceptibility to smoking-related lung tumorigenesis. Single-variant and gene-based associations of 43 tobacco carcinogen-metabolizing genes with lung cancer were analyzed using summary statistics and individual-level genetic data, followed by causal inference of Mendelian randomization, mediation analysis, and structural equation modeling. Cigarette smoke-exposed cell models were used to detect gene expression patterns in relation to specific alleles. Data from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (29,266 cases and 56,450 controls) and UK Biobank (2,155 cases and 376,329 controls) indicated that the genetic variant rs56113850 C>T located in intron 4 of CYP2A6 was significantly associated with decreased lung cancer risk among smokers (OR = 0.88, 95% confidence interval = 0.85-0.91, P = 2.18 × 10-16), which might interact (Pinteraction = 0.028) with and partially be mediated (ORindirect = 0.987) by smoking status. Smoking intensity accounted for 82.3% of the effect of CYP2A6 activity on lung cancer risk but entirely mediated the genetic effect of rs56113850. Mechanistically, the rs56113850 T allele rescued the downregulation of CYP2A6 caused by cigarette smoke exposure, potentially through preferential recruitment of transcription factor helicase-like transcription factor. Together, this study provides additional insights into the interplay between host susceptibility and carcinogen exposure in smoking-related lung tumorigenesis. SIGNIFICANCE The causal pathway connecting CYP2A6 genetic variability and activity, cigarette consumption, and lung cancer susceptibility in smokers highlights the need for behavior modification interventions based on host susceptibility for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Xin
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qianyu Yuan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hanting Liu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Guoshuai Cai
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, US NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, US NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - John K Field
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay S Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, US NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbuaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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4
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Luyapan J, Bossé Y, Li Z, Xiao X, Rosenberger A, Hung RJ, Lam S, Zienolddiny S, Liu G, Kiemeney LA, Chen C, McKay J, Johansson M, Johansson M, Tardon A, Fernandez-Tardon G, Brennan P, Field JK, Davies MP, Woll PJ, Cox A, Taylor F, Arnold SM, Lazarus P, Grankvist K, Landi MT, Christiani DC, MacKenzie TA, Amos CI. Candidate pathway analysis of surfactant proteins identifies CTSH and SFTA2 that influences lung cancer risk. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2842-2855. [PMID: 37471639 PMCID: PMC10481107 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a lipoprotein synthesized and secreted by alveolar type II cells in lung. We evaluated the associations between 200,139 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 40 surfactant-related genes and lung cancer risk using genotyped data from two independent lung cancer genome-wide association studies. Discovery data included 18,082 cases and 13,780 controls of European ancestry. Replication data included 1,914 cases and 3,065 controls of European descent. Using multivariate logistic regression, we found novel SNPs in surfactant-related genes CTSH [rs34577742 C > T, odds ratio (OR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.89-0.93, P = 7.64 × 10-9] and SFTA2 (rs3095153 G > A, OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.10-1.21, P = 1.27 × 10-9) associated with overall lung cancer in the discovery data and validated in an independent replication data-CTSH (rs34577742 C > T, OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.80-0.96, P = 5.76 × 10-3) and SFTA2 (rs3095153 G > A, OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01-1.28, P = 3.25 × 10-2). Among ever smokers, we found SNPs in CTSH (rs34577742 C > T, OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.85-0.92, P = 1.94 × 10-7) and SFTA2 (rs3095152 G > A, OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.14-1.27, P = 4.25 × 10-11) associated with overall lung cancer in the discovery data and validated in the replication data-CTSH (rs34577742 C > T, OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.79-0.97, P = 1.64 × 10-2) and SFTA2 (rs3095152 G > A, OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.01-1.30, P = 3.81 × 10-2). Subsequent transcriptome-wide association study using expression weights from a lung expression quantitative trait loci study revealed genes most strongly associated with lung cancer are CTSH (PTWAS = 2.44 × 10-4) and SFTA2 (PTWAS = 2.32 × 10-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Luyapan
- Quantitative Biomedical Science Program, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Zhonglin Li
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Institut für Genetische Epidemiologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Gottingen, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbuaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo 0033, Norway
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Princess Margaret Research Institute, Epidemiology Division,Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch Lyon 69008, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch Lyon 69008, France
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, University of Oviedo and CIBERSP, Oviedo, Asturias, 33071, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, University of Oviedo and CIBERSP, Oviedo, Asturias, 33071, Spain
| | - Paul Brennan
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximillians University, Munich, Bavaria, 80539, Germany
| | - John K Field
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, UK
| | - Michael P Davies
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, UK
| | - Penella J Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2AH, UK
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2AH, UK
| | - Fiona Taylor
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2AH, UK
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99163, USA
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Maria T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Todd A MacKenzie
- Quantitative Biomedical Science Program, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Quantitative Biomedical Science Program, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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5
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Cheng C, Hong W, Li Y, Xiao X, McKay J, Han Y, Byun J, Peng B, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Wichmann HE, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold S, Goodman G, Field JK, Davies MPA, Shete SS, Le Marchand L, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Zhu M, Shen H, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Cox A, Hong YC, Yuan JM, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Brennan P, Li Y, Gorlova O, Gorlov I, Amos CI. Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations Are Associated With Increased Lung Cancer Risk: Insight From the INTEGRAL-ILCCO Cohort Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:1003-1016. [PMID: 37150255 PMCID: PMC10435278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) detected in white blood cells represent a type of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) that is understudied compared with CH-related somatic mutations. A few recent studies indicated their potential link with nonhematological cancers, especially lung cancer. METHODS In this study, we investigated the association between mCAs and lung cancer using the high-density genotyping data from the OncoArray study of INTEGRAL-ILCCO, the largest single genetic study of lung cancer with 18,221 lung cancer cases and 14,825 cancer-free controls. RESULTS We identified a comprehensive list of autosomal mCAs, ChrX mCAs, and mosaic ChrY (mChrY) losses from these samples. Autosomal mCAs were detected in 4.3% of subjects, in addition to ChrX mCAs in 3.6% of females and mChrY losses in 9.6% of males. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of autosomal mCAs in white blood cells was associated with an increased lung cancer risk after adjusting for key confounding factors, including age, sex, smoking status, and race. This association was mainly driven by a specific type of mCAs: copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity on autosomal chromosomes. The association between autosome copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity and increased risk of lung cancer was further confirmed in two major histologic subtypes, lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, we observed a significant increase of ChrX mCAs and mChrY losses in smokers compared with nonsmokers and racial differences in certain types of mCA events. CONCLUSIONS Our study established a link between mCAs in white blood cells and increased risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Cheng
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Hong
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yafang Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James McKay
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Younghun Han
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bo Peng
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Asturias, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany; University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Susanne Arnold
- University of Kentucky, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - John K Field
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P A Davies
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay S Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- University Health Network- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, California
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Luenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada; Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Angela Cox
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Road, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Yong Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Olga Gorlova
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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6
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Shi J, Shiraishi K, Choi J, Matsuo K, Chen TY, Dai J, Hung RJ, Chen K, Shu XO, Kim YT, Landi MT, Lin D, Zheng W, Yin Z, Zhou B, Song B, Wang J, Seow WJ, Song L, Chang IS, Hu W, Chien LH, Cai Q, Hong YC, Kim HN, Wu YL, Wong MP, Richardson BD, Funderburk KM, Li S, Zhang T, Breeze C, Wang Z, Blechter B, Bassig BA, Kim JH, Albanes D, Wong JYY, Shin MH, Chung LP, Yang Y, An SJ, Zheng H, Yatabe Y, Zhang XC, Kim YC, Caporaso NE, Chang J, Ho JCM, Kubo M, Daigo Y, Song M, Momozawa Y, Kamatani Y, Kobayashi M, Okubo K, Honda T, Hosgood DH, Kunitoh H, Patel H, Watanabe SI, Miyagi Y, Nakayama H, Matsumoto S, Horinouchi H, Tsuboi M, Hamamoto R, Goto K, Ohe Y, Takahashi A, Goto A, Minamiya Y, Hara M, Nishida Y, Takeuchi K, Wakai K, Matsuda K, Murakami Y, Shimizu K, Suzuki H, Saito M, Ohtaki Y, Tanaka K, Wu T, Wei F, Dai H, Machiela MJ, Su J, Kim YH, Oh IJ, Lee VHF, Chang GC, Tsai YH, Chen KY, Huang MS, Su WC, Chen YM, Seow A, Park JY, Kweon SS, Chen KC, Gao YT, Qian B, Wu C, Lu D, Liu J, Schwartz AG, Houlston R, Spitz MR, Gorlov IP, Wu X, Yang P, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Bojesen SE, Johansson M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Ji BT, Wichmann HE, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold S, Brennan P, McKay J, Field JK, Shete SS, Le Marchand L, Liu G, Andrew A, Kiemeney LA, Zienolddiny-Narui S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Cox A, Taylor F, Yuan JM, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Jeon HS, Jiang SS, Sung JS, Chen CH, Hsiao CF, Jung YJ, Guo H, Hu Z, Burdett L, Yeager M, Hutchinson A, Hicks B, Liu J, Zhu B, Berndt SI, Wu W, Wang J, Li Y, Choi JE, Park KH, Sung SW, Liu L, Kang CH, Wang WC, Xu J, Guan P, Tan W, Yu CJ, Yang G, Sihoe ADL, Chen Y, Choi YY, Kim JS, Yoon HI, Park IK, Xu P, He Q, Wang CL, Hung HH, Vermeulen RCH, Cheng I, Wu J, Lim WY, Tsai FY, Chan JKC, Li J, Chen H, Lin HC, Jin L, Liu J, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Wyatt K, Li SA, Ma H, Zhu M, Wang Z, Cheng S, Li X, Ren Y, Chao A, Iwasaki M, Zhu J, Jiang G, Fei K, Wu G, Chen CY, Chen CJ, Yang PC, Yu J, Stevens VL, Fraumeni JF, Chatterjee N, Gorlova OY, Hsiung CA, Amos CI, Shen H, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Kohno T, Lan Q. Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3043. [PMID: 37236969 PMCID: PMC10220065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38196-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (Pinteraction = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Kouya Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tzu-Yu Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Center of Evidence Based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bao Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lei Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Li-Hsin Chien
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Nam Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maria Pik Wong
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Brian Douglas Richardson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Karen M Funderburk
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Shilan Li
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Biomathematics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tongwu Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Charles Breeze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Batel Blechter
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Lap Ping Chung
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yang Yang
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - She-Juan An
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Young-Chul Kim
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasuneup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National Univerisity Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jiang Chang
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - James Chung Man Ho
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yataro Daigo
- Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Center, and Center for Advanced Medicine against Cancer, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Minsun Song
- Department of Statistics & Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masashi Kobayashi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Okubo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Honda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dean H Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hideo Kunitoh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harsh Patel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Shun-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Nakayama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hidehito Horinouchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ohe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Minamiya
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine Asahi, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Chest Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Motonobu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohtaki
- Department of Integrative center of General Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kazumi Tanaka
- Department of Integrative center of General Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fusheng Wei
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hongji Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mitchell J Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jian Su
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yeul Hong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasuneup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National Univerisity Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Victor Ho Fun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- School of Medicine and Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University and Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and school of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Adeline Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyun Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Daru Lu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Richard Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Margaret R Spitz
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ivan P Gorlov
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | - Sanjay S Shete
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hyo-Sung Jeon
- Cancer Research Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Shih Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jae Sook Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Hsing Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Fu Hsiao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yoo Jin Jung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Laurie Burdett
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Belynda Hicks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junwen Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin Eun Choi
- Cancer Research Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hwa Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook Whan Sung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Hyun Kang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Ying Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Young Choi
- Cancer Research Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Il Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyu Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation Staff-Worker Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qincheng He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Han Hung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Junjie Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Yen Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - John K C Chan
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jihua Li
- Qujing Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Qujing, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hsien-Chih Lin
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Li Jin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kathleen Wyatt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Shengchao A Li
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Sensen Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yangwu Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ann Chao
- Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ke Fei
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Wu
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | | | - Joseph F Fraumeni
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olga Y Gorlova
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chao Agnes Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Smith-Byrne K, Cerani A, Guida F, Zhou S, Agudo A, Aleksandrova K, Barricarte A, Barranco MR, Bochers CH, Gram IT, Han J, Amos CI, Hung RJ, Grankvist K, Nøst TH, Imaz L, Chirlaque-López MD, Johansson M, Kaaks R, Kühn T, Martin RM, McKay JD, Pala V, Robbins HA, Sandanger TM, Schibli D, Schulze MB, Travis RC, Vineis P, Weiderpass E, Brennan P, Johansson M, Richards JB. Circulating Isovalerylcarnitine and Lung Cancer Risk: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and Prediagnostic Blood Measurements. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1966-1974. [PMID: 35839461 PMCID: PMC9530646 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco exposure causes 8 of 10 lung cancers, and identifying additional risk factors is challenging due to confounding introduced by smoking in traditional observational studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to screen 207 metabolites for their role in lung cancer predisposition using independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of blood metabolite levels (n = 7,824) and lung cancer risk (n = 29,266 cases/56,450 controls). A nested case-control study (656 cases and 1,296 matched controls) was subsequently performed using prediagnostic blood samples to validate MR association with lung cancer incidence data from population-based cohorts (EPIC and NSHDS). RESULTS An MR-based scan of 207 circulating metabolites for lung cancer risk identified that blood isovalerylcarnitine (IVC) was associated with a decreased odds of lung cancer after accounting for multiple testing (log10-OR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.29-0.63). Molar measurement of IVC in prediagnostic blood found similar results (log10-OR = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21-0.72). Results were consistent across lung cancer subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Independent lines of evidence support an inverse association of elevated circulating IVC with lung cancer risk through a novel methodologic approach that integrates genetic and traditional epidemiology to efficiently identify novel cancer biomarkers. IMPACT Our results find compelling evidence in favor of a protective role for a circulating metabolite, IVC, in lung cancer etiology. From the treatment of a Mendelian disease, isovaleric acidemia, we know that circulating IVC is modifiable through a restricted protein diet or glycine and L-carnatine supplementation. IVC may represent a modifiable and inversely associated biomarker for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Smith-Byrne
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Agustin Cerani
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada/Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Florence Guida
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada/Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Spain
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Senior Scientist Group, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodríguez Barranco
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Christoph H. Bochers
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada/Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- University of Victoria–Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Victoria, BC, Canada/Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Inger Torhild Gram
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Jun Han
- University of Victoria–Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Victoria, BC, Canada/Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Therese Haugdhal Nøst
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Liher Imaz
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque-López
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Department of Cancer Epidemiology
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Department of Cancer Epidemiology
| | - Richard M. Martin
- Clinical Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - James D. McKay
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano
| | - Hilary A. Robbins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Torkjel M. Sandanger
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - David Schibli
- University of Victoria–Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Victoria, BC, Canada/Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Senior Scientist Group, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada/Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine & Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, Strand, London, United Kingdom
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8
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Li Y, Xiao X, Li J, Byun J, Cheng C, Bossé Y, McKay J, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Wichmann HE, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold S, Goodman G, Field JK, Davies MPA, Shete SS, Le Marchand L, Melander O, Brunnström H, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Shen H, Sun R, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso N, Teare DM, Hong YC, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Schwartz AG, Gorlov I, Purrington K, Yang P, Liu Y, Han Y, Bailey-Wilson JE, Pinney SM, Mandal D, Willey JC, Gaba C, Brennan P, Amos CI. Genome-wide interaction analysis identified low-frequency variants with sex disparity in lung cancer risk. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2831-2843. [PMID: 35138370 PMCID: PMC9402242 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences by sex in lung cancer incidence and mortality have been reported which cannot be fully explained by sex differences in smoking behavior, implying existence of genetic and molecular basis for sex disparity in lung cancer development. However, the information about sex dimorphism in lung cancer risk is quite limited despite the great success in lung cancer association studies. By adopting a stringent two-stage analysis strategy, we performed a genome-wide gene-sex interaction analysis using genotypes from a lung cancer cohort including ~ 47 000 individuals with European ancestry. Three low-frequency variants (minor allele frequency < 0.05), rs17662871 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, P = 4.29×10-8); rs79942605 (OR = 2.17, P = 2.81×10-8) and rs208908 (OR = 0.70, P = 4.54×10-8) were identified with different risk effect of lung cancer between men and women. Further expression quantitative trait loci and functional annotation analysis suggested rs208908 affects lung cancer risk through differential regulation of Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor gene expression in lung tissues between men and women. Our study is one of the first studies to provide novel insights about the genetic and molecular basis for sex disparity in lung cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianrong Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chao Cheng
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - James McKay
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372, France
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Asturias 33003, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2600, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2177, Denmark
| | - Maria T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372, France
| | - Angela Risch
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69126, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37099, Germany
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, 80333, Germany
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa 3436212, Israel
| | - Susanne Arnold
- University of Kentucky, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA
| | - Gary Goodman
- Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - John K Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P A Davies
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay S Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Olle Melander
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | | | - Geoffrey Liu
- University Health Network- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, CA ON, M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Luenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Departments of Epidemiology and Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China
| | - Ryan Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Dawn M Teare
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Ping Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinics Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Younghun Han
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Susan M Pinney
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Diptasri Mandal
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - James C Willey
- College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Colette Gaba
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372, France
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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9
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Byun J, Han Y, Li Y, Xia J, Long E, Choi J, Xiao X, Zhu M, Zhou W, Sun R, Bossé Y, Song Z, Schwartz A, Lusk C, Rafnar T, Stefansson K, Zhang T, Zhao W, Pettit RW, Liu Y, Li X, Zhou H, Walsh KM, Gorlov I, Gorlova O, Zhu D, Rosenberg SM, Pinney S, Bailey-Wilson JE, Mandal D, de Andrade M, Gaba C, Willey JC, You M, Anderson M, Wiencke JK, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Goodman G, Bojeson S, Brenner H, Landi MT, Chanock SJ, Johansson M, Muley T, Risch A, Wichmann HE, Bickeböller H, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold S, Field JK, Shete S, Le Marchand L, Melander O, Brunnstrom H, Liu G, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Shen H, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso N, Cox A, Hong YC, Yuan JM, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Patel A, Lan Q, Rothman N, Taylor F, Kachuri L, Witte JS, Sakoda LC, Spitz M, Brennan P, Lin X, McKay J, Hung RJ, Amos CI. Cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 61,047 cases and 947,237 controls identifies new susceptibility loci contributing to lung cancer. Nat Genet 2022; 54:1167-1177. [PMID: 35915169 PMCID: PMC9373844 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To identify new susceptibility loci to lung cancer among diverse populations, we performed cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies in European, East Asian and African populations and discovered five loci that have not been previously reported. We replicated 26 signals and identified 10 new lead associations from previously reported loci. Rare-variant associations tended to be specific to populations, but even common-variant associations influencing smoking behavior, such as those with CHRNA5 and CYP2A6, showed population specificity. Fine-mapping and expression quantitative trait locus colocalization nominated several candidate variants and susceptibility genes such as IRF4 and FUBP1. DNA damage assays of prioritized genes in lung fibroblasts indicated that a subset of these genes, including the pleiotropic gene IRF4, potentially exert effects by promoting endogenous DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Byun
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Younghun Han
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yafang Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Xia
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erping Long
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zhuoyi Song
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ann Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christine Lusk
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Tongwu Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rowland W Pettit
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xihao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hufeng Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Olga Gorlova
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dakai Zhu
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan M Rosenberg
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Pinney
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Diptasri Mandal
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Colette Gaba
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - James C Willey
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ming You
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephan Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Asturias, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Stig Bojeson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Muley
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, DKFZ - German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, DKFZ - German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Allergy-Cancer-BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Susanne Arnold
- University of Kentucky, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | | | - Geoffrey Liu
- University Health Network- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Departments of Epidemiology and Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alpa Patel
- American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fiona Taylor
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John S Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Margaret Spitz
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James McKay
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Nilsson K, Brulin C, Grankvist K, Juthberg C. Senior nursing students' reflections on deviations from guideline adherence regarding venous blood specimen collection practice: A qualitative study. Nurse Educ Today 2022; 115:105375. [PMID: 35653918 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous blood specimen collection is a common procedure within healthcare and both diagnoses as well as treatment evaluation, are often based on results from these analyses. However, studies among both students and staff have demonstrated suboptimal adherence to venous blood specimen collection practice guidelines which in turn might jeopardize patient safety. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe final semester nursing students' experiences of deviations from venous blood specimen collection practice guidelines during clinical training. METHODS This study adopted a qualitative design. Twentysix final (6th) semester nursing students were recruited through purposive sampling at a Swedish university. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face, focus group interviews in September 2015. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The students' experiences generated two categories; 1) Striving to blend in (subcategories Feeling uncomfortable and Adapting to the prevailing practice culture) and 2) Diminished confidence (subcategories Being confused due to inconsistency and Being uncertain about guideline usefulness) forming the overall theme Being a copycat. CONCLUSION The research concludes that nursing students adapt to the prevailing practice culture encountered during clinical training, often at the expense of guidelines adherence. Since the students are being assessed during clinical training, the eagerness to belong to the team and be well-liked might be stronger than the ambition to follow guidelines. As a consequence, nursing students in clinical training might become copycats by aligning themselves with the prevailing practice culture which in turn might jeopardize adherence with VBSC guideline practice and thereby patient safety. With the ambition to support nursing students' learning in clinical training, facilitators of learning to comprise both students and supervisors need to be further addressed. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Nursing students adapt to the prevailing venous blood sample collection practice culture and become copycats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Nilsson
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, S-891 18 Örnsköldsvik, Sweden.
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 85 Umeå, Sweden.
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11
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Zahed H, Johansson M, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Milne RL, Giles GG, Manjer J, Sandsveden M, Langhammer A, Sørgjerd EP, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Freedman ND, Huang WY, Chen C, Prentice R, Stevens VL, Wang Y, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Shu XO, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Visvanathan K, Sesso HD, Zhang X, Gaziano JM, Fanidi A, Muller D, Brennan P, Guida F, Robbins HA. Epidemiology of 40 blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation, and renal and endothelial function among cancer-free older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13805. [PMID: 34226613 PMCID: PMC8257595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalances of blood biomarkers are associated with disease, and biomarkers may also vary non-pathologically across population groups. We described variation in concentrations of biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation including tryptophan metabolism, and endothelial and renal function among cancer-free older adults. We analyzed 5167 cancer-free controls aged 40-80 years from 20 cohorts in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Centralized biochemical analyses of 40 biomarkers in plasma or serum were performed. We fit multivariable linear mixed effects models to quantify variation in standardized biomarker log-concentrations across four factors: age, sex, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). Differences in most biomarkers across most factors were small, with 93% (186/200) of analyses showing an estimated difference lower than 0.25 standard-deviations, although most were statistically significant due to large sample size. The largest difference was for creatinine by sex, which was - 0.91 standard-deviations lower in women than men (95%CI - 0.98; - 0.84). The largest difference by age was for total cysteine (0.40 standard-deviation increase per 10-year increase, 95%CI 0.36; 0.43), and by BMI was for C-reactive protein (0.38 standard-deviation increase per 5-kg/m2 increase, 95%CI 0.34; 0.41). For 31 of 40 markers, the mean difference between current and never smokers was larger than between former and never smokers. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with time since smoking cessation was observed for 8 markers, including C-reactive protein, kynurenine, choline, and total homocysteine. We conclude that most blood biomarkers show small variations across demographic characteristics. Patterns by smoking status point to normalization of multiple physiological processes after smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Zahed
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malte Sandsveden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Hunt Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Hunt Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Ross Prentice
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Ying Wang
- American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | | | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, USA
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | - David Muller
- Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Guida
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Hilary A Robbins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France.
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12
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Qin N, Li Y, Wang C, Zhu M, Dai J, Hong T, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Goodman G, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Wichmann HE, Bickeboller H, Rennert G, Arnold S, Brennan P, Field JK, Shete S, Le Marchand L, Melander O, Brunnstrom H, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew A, Kiemeney LA, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso N, Woll P, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Stevens VL, Jin G, Christiani DC, Hu Z, Amos CI, Ma H, Shen H. Comprehensive functional annotation of susceptibility variants identifies genetic heterogeneity between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Front Med 2021; 15:275-291. [PMID: 32889700 PMCID: PMC8374896 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although genome-wide association studies have identified more than eighty genetic variants associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk, biological mechanisms of these variants remain largely unknown. By integrating a large-scale genotype data of 15 581 lung adenocarcinoma (AD) cases, 8350 squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) cases, and 27 355 controls, as well as multiple transcriptome and epigenomic databases, we conducted histology-specific meta-analyses and functional annotations of both reported and novel susceptibility variants. We identified 3064 credible risk variants for NSCLC, which were overrepresented in enhancer-like and promoter-like histone modification peaks as well as DNase I hypersensitive sites. Transcription factor enrichment analysis revealed that USF1 was AD-specific while CREB1 was SqCC-specific. Functional annotation and gene-based analysis implicated 894 target genes, including 274 specifics for AD and 123 for SqCC, which were overrepresented in somatic driver genes (ER = 1.95, P = 0.005). Pathway enrichment analysis and Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that AD genes were primarily involved in immune-related pathways, while SqCC genes were homologous recombination deficiency related. Our results illustrate the molecular basis of both well-studied and new susceptibility loci of NSCLC, providing not only novel insights into the genetic heterogeneity between AD and SqCC but also a set of plausible gene targets for post-GWAS functional experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Qin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yuancheng Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Tongtong Hong
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9304, USA
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA, 98026, USA
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, DK-1017, Denmark
| | | | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69372, France
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Heidelberg, 5020, Austria
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Bavaria, 80539, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeboller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Gadi Rennert
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, 3448516, Israel
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0054, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69372, France
| | - John K Field
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, UK
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77079, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC F12, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnstrom
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC F12, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Epidemiology Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, M4Y 2H8, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Epidemiology Division, Lunenfeld-Tanenbuaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Angeline Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department of Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 9101 6500, HB, Germany
| | - Shan Zienolddiny
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Pb 5330, Norway
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umea, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umea, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Penella Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Philip Lazarus
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99210, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 12902, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Department of Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - David C Christiani
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Baylor College of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX, 21202, USA
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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13
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Lesseur C, Ferreiro-Iglesias A, McKay JD, Bossé Y, Johansson M, Gaborieau V, Landi MT, Christiani DC, Caporaso NC, Bojesen SE, Amos CI, Shete S, Liu G, Rennert G, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Tardon A, Chen C, Triantafillos L, Field JK, Teare MD, Kiemeney LA, Diergaarde B, Ferris RL, Zienolddiny S, Lam S, Olshan AF, Weissler MC, Lacko M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Ness AR, Thomas S, Le Marchand L, Schabath MB, Wünsch-Filho V, Tajara EH, Andrew AS, Clifford GM, Lazarus P, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Arnold S, Melander O, Brunnström H, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Timens W, Obeidat M, Xiao X, Houlston RS, Hung RJ, Brennan P. Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies pleiotropic risk loci for aerodigestive squamous cell cancers. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009254. [PMID: 33667223 PMCID: PMC7968735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC) of the aerodigestive tract have similar etiological risk factors. Although genetic risk variants for individual cancers have been identified, an agnostic, genome-wide search for shared genetic susceptibility has not been performed. To identify novel and pleotropic SqCC risk variants, we performed a meta-analysis of GWAS data on lung SqCC (LuSqCC), oro/pharyngeal SqCC (OSqCC), laryngeal SqCC (LaSqCC) and esophageal SqCC (ESqCC) cancers, totaling 13,887 cases and 61,961 controls of European ancestry. We identified one novel genome-wide significant (Pmeta<5x10-8) aerodigestive SqCC susceptibility loci in the 2q33.1 region (rs56321285, TMEM273). Additionally, three previously unknown loci reached suggestive significance (Pmeta<5x10-7): 1q32.1 (rs12133735, near MDM4), 5q31.2 (rs13181561, TMEM173) and 19p13.11 (rs61494113, ABHD8). Multiple previously identified loci for aerodigestive SqCC also showed evidence of pleiotropy in at least another SqCC site, these include: 4q23 (ADH1B), 6p21.33 (STK19), 6p21.32 (HLA-DQB1), 9p21.33 (CDKN2B-AS1) and 13q13.1(BRCA2). Gene-based association and gene set enrichment identified a set of 48 SqCC-related genes rel to DNA damage and epigenetic regulation pathways. Our study highlights the importance of cross-cancer analyses to identify pleiotropic risk loci of histology-related cancers arising at distinct anatomical sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Lesseur
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Aida Ferreiro-Iglesias
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - James D. McKay
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Valerie Gaborieau
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Neil C. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Department of Medicine, Baylor college of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gadi Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - John K. Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marion Dawn Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University Of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Ferris
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mark C. Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Martin Lacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg, Department of Biosciences and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics, DKFZ – German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andy R. Ness
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Thomas
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Eloiza H. Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Angeline S. Andrew
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Gary M. Clifford
- Infections Section, Infections and Cancer Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Susanne Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento Patologia Testa Collo e Organi di Senso, Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ma’en Obeidat
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul’s Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Baylor college of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard S. Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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14
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Sun R, Xu M, Li X, Gaynor S, Zhou H, Li Z, Bossé Y, Lam S, Tsao MS, Tardon A, Chen C, Doherty J, Goodman G, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Field JK, Bickeböller H, Wichmann HE, Risch A, Rennert G, Arnold S, Wu X, Melander O, Brunnström H, Le Marchand L, Liu G, Andrew A, Duell E, Kiemeney LA, Shen H, Haugen A, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Caporaso N, Woll P, Teare MD, Scelo G, Hong YC, Yuan JM, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Albanes D, Mak R, Barbie D, Brennan P, Hung RJ, Amos CI, Christiani DC, Lin X. Integration of multiomic annotation data to prioritize and characterize inflammation and immune-related risk variants in squamous cell lung cancer. Genet Epidemiol 2021; 45:99-114. [PMID: 32924180 PMCID: PMC7855632 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical trial results have recently demonstrated that inhibiting inflammation by targeting the interleukin-1β pathway can offer a significant reduction in lung cancer incidence and mortality, highlighting a pressing and unmet need to understand the benefits of inflammation-focused lung cancer therapies at the genetic level. While numerous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have explored the genetic etiology of lung cancer, there remains a large gap between the type of information that may be gleaned from an association study and the depth of understanding necessary to explain and drive translational findings. Thus, in this study we jointly model and integrate extensive multiomics data sources, utilizing a total of 40 genome-wide functional annotations that augment previously published results from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO) GWAS, to prioritize and characterize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that increase risk of squamous cell lung cancer through the inflammatory and immune responses. Our work bridges the gap between correlative analysis and translational follow-up research, refining GWAS association measures in an interpretable and systematic manner. In particular, reanalysis of the ILCCO data highlights the impact of highly associated SNPs from nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway genes as well as major histocompatibility complex mediated variation in immune responses. One consequence of prioritizing likely functional SNPs is the pruning of variants that might be selected for follow-up work by over an order of magnitude, from potentially tens of thousands to hundreds. The strategies we introduce provide informative and interpretable approaches for incorporating extensive genome-wide annotation data in analysis of genetic association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xihao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sheila Gaynor
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hufeng Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Gary Goodman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Swedish Medical Group, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Stig Egil Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - John K. Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center, German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gadi Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Suzanne Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Olle Melander
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Laboratory Medicine Region, Skäne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Angeline Andrew
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Eric Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeä University, Umeä, Sweden
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Penella Woll
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M. Dawn Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Raymond Mak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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15
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Wang Y, Gorlova OY, Gorlov IP, Zhu M, Dai J, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Goodman GE, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Wichmann HE, Bickeboller H, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold SM, Brennan P, Field JK, Shete S, Le Marchand L, Melander O, Brunnstrom H, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso NE, Woll PJ, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Stevens VL, Ma H, Jin G, Hu Z, Amos CI, Shen H. Association Analysis of Driver Gene-Related Genetic Variants Identified Novel Lung Cancer Susceptibility Loci with 20,871 Lung Cancer Cases and 15,971 Controls. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1423-1429. [PMID: 32277007 PMCID: PMC8120681 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial proportion of cancer driver genes (CDG) are also cancer predisposition genes. However, the associations between genetic variants in lung CDGs and the susceptibility to lung cancer have rarely been investigated. METHODS We selected expression-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eSNP) and nonsynonymous variants of lung CDGs, and tested their associations with lung cancer risk in two large-scale genome-wide association studies (20,871 cases and 15,971 controls of European descent). Conditional and joint association analysis was performed to identify independent risk variants. The associations of independent risk variants with somatic alterations in lung CDGs or recurrently altered pathways were investigated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. RESULTS We identified seven independent SNPs in five lung CDGs that were consistently associated with lung cancer risk in discovery (P < 0.001) and validation (P < 0.05) stages. Among these loci, rs78062588 in TPM3 (1q21.3) was a new lung cancer susceptibility locus (OR = 0.86, P = 1.65 × 10-6). Subgroup analysis by histologic types further identified nine lung CDGs. Analysis of somatic alterations found that in lung adenocarcinomas, rs78062588[C] allele (TPM3 in 1q21.3) was associated with elevated somatic copy number of TPM3 (OR = 1.16, P = 0.02). In lung adenocarcinomas, rs1611182 (HLA-A in 6p22.1) was associated with truncation mutations of the transcriptional misregulation in cancer pathway (OR = 0.66, P = 1.76 × 10-3). CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants can regulate functions of lung CDGs and influence lung cancer susceptibility. IMPACT Our findings might help unravel biological mechanisms underlying lung cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Olga Y Gorlova
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Ivan P Gorlov
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Department of Public Health IUOPA, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gary E Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg, Department of Biosciences, Allergy-Cancer-BioNano Research Centre, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ-German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heunz-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeboller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gad Rennert
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - John K Field
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Olle Melander
- Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosseman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | | | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Penella J Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Medicine (Division of Genetic Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, Texas.
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Faraz M, Tellström A, Ardnor CE, Grankvist K, Huminiecki L, Tavelin B, Henriksson R, Hedman H, Ljuslinder I. LRIG1 gene copy number analysis by ddPCR and correlations to clinical factors in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:459. [PMID: 32448168 PMCID: PMC7245921 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06919-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1) copy number alterations and unbalanced gene recombination events have been reported to occur in breast cancer. Importantly, LRIG1 loss was recently shown to predict early and late relapse in stage I-II breast cancer. METHODS We developed droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays for the determination of relative LRIG1 copy numbers and used these assays to analyze LRIG1 in twelve healthy individuals, 34 breast tumor samples previously analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and 423 breast tumor cytosols. RESULTS Four of the LRIG1/reference gene assays were found to be precise and robust, showing copy number ratios close to 1 (mean, 0.984; standard deviation, +/- 0.031) among the healthy control population. The correlation between the ddPCR assays and previous FISH results was low, possibly because of the different normalization strategies used. One in 34 breast tumors (2.9%) showed an unbalanced LRIG1 recombination event. LRIG1 copy number ratios were associated with the breast cancer subtype, steroid receptor status, ERBB2 status, tumor grade, and nodal status. Both LRIG1 loss and gain were associated with unfavorable metastasis-free survival; however, they did not remain significant prognostic factors after adjustment for common risk factors in the Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, LRIG1 loss was not significantly associated with survival in stage I and II cases. CONCLUSIONS Although LRIG1 gene aberrations may be important determinants of breast cancer biology, and prognostic markers, the results of this study do not verify an important role for LRIG1 copy number analyses in predicting the risk of relapse in early-stage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Faraz
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andreas Tellström
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lukasz Huminiecki
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, SciLifeLab, Uppsala, Sweden.,Current address: Instytut Genetyki i Hodowli Zwierząt Polskiej Akademii Nauk, ul. Postępu 36A, 05-552, Jastrzębiec, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Björn Tavelin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Roger Henriksson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Håkan Hedman
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Ljuslinder
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden.
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17
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Dai J, Huang M, Amos CI, Hung RJ, Tardon A, Andrew A, Chen C, Christiani DC, Albanes D, Rennert G, Fan J, Goodman G, Liu G, Field JK, Grankvist K, Kiemeney LA, Le Marchand L, Schabath MB, Johansson M, Aldrich MC, Johansson M, Caporaso N, Lazarus P, Lam S, Bojesen SE, Arnold S, Landi MT, Risch A, Wichmann HE, Bickeboller H, Brennan P, Shete S, Melander O, Brunnstrom H, Zienolddiny S, Woll P, Stevens V, Hu Z, Shen H. Genome-wide association study of INDELs identified four novel susceptibility loci associated with lung cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:2855-2864. [PMID: 31577861 PMCID: PMC7101262 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 45 susceptibility loci associated with lung cancer. Only less than SNPs, small insertions and deletions (INDELs) are the second most abundant genetic polymorphisms in the human genome. INDELs are highly associated with multiple human diseases, including lung cancer. However, limited studies with large-scale samples have been available to systematically evaluate the effects of INDELs on lung cancer risk. Here, we performed a large-scale meta-analysis to evaluate INDELs and their risk for lung cancer in 23,202 cases and 19,048 controls. Functional annotations were performed to further explore the potential function of lung cancer risk INDELs. Conditional analysis was used to clarify the relationship between INDELs and SNPs. Four new risk loci were identified in genome-wide INDEL analysis (1p13.2: rs5777156, Insertion, OR = 0.92, p = 9.10 × 10-8 ; 4q28.2: rs58404727, Deletion, OR = 1.19, p = 5.25 × 10-7 ; 12p13.31: rs71450133, Deletion, OR = 1.09, p = 8.83 × 10-7 ; and 14q22.3: rs34057993, Deletion, OR = 0.90, p = 7.64 × 10-8 ). The eQTL analysis and functional annotation suggested that INDELs might affect lung cancer susceptibility by regulating the expression of target genes. After conducting conditional analysis on potential causal SNPs, the INDELs in the new loci were still nominally significant. Our findings indicate that INDELs could be potentially functional genetic variants for lung cancer risk. Further functional experiments are needed to better understand INDEL mechanisms in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, Houston, TX
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Epidemiology Division, Lunenfeld-Tanenbuaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Angeline Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gadi Rennert
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Carmel Medical Center, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Epidemiology Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Unit of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department of Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Germany
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA
| | - Stephan Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Heidelberg, Austria
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeboller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnstrom
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Penella Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Victoria Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Ji X, Mukherjee S, Landi MT, Bosse Y, Joubert P, Zhu D, Gorlov I, Xiao X, Han Y, Gorlova O, Hung RJ, Brhane Y, Carreras-Torres R, Christiani DC, Caporaso N, Johansson M, Liu G, Bojesen SE, Le Marchand L, Albanes D, Bickeböller H, Aldrich MC, Bush WS, Tardon A, Rennert G, Chen C, Byun J, Dragnev KH, Field JK, Kiemeney LF, Lazarus P, Zienolddiny S, Lam S, Schabath MB, Andrew AS, Bertazzi PA, Pesatori AC, Diao N, Su L, Song L, Zhang R, Leighl N, Johansen JS, Mellemgaard A, Saliba W, Haiman C, Wilkens L, Fernandez-Somoano A, Fernandez-Tardon G, Heijden EHFMVD, Kim JH, Davies MPA, Marcus MW, Brunnström H, Manjer J, Melander O, Muller DC, Overvad K, Trichopoulou A, Tumino R, Goodman GE, Cox A, Taylor F, Woll P, Wichmann E, Muley T, Risch A, Rosenberger A, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Shepherd F, Tsao MS, Arnold SM, Haura EB, Bolca C, Holcatova I, Janout V, Kontic M, Lissowska J, Mukeria A, Ognjanovic S, Orlowski TM, Scelo G, Swiatkowska B, Zaridze D, Bakke P, Skaug V, Butler LM, Offit K, Srinivasan P, Bandlamudi C, Hellmann MD, Solit DB, Robson ME, Rudin CM, Stadler ZK, Taylor BS, Berger MF, Houlston R, McLaughlin J, Stevens V, Nickle DC, Obeidat M, Timens W, Artigas MS, Shete S, Brenner H, Chanock S, Brennan P, McKay JD, Amos CI. Protein-altering germline mutations implicate novel genes related to lung cancer development. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2220. [PMID: 32393777 PMCID: PMC7214407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Few germline mutations are known to affect lung cancer risk. We performed analyses of rare variants from 39,146 individuals of European ancestry and investigated gene expression levels in 7,773 samples. We find a large-effect association with an ATM L2307F (rs56009889) mutation in adenocarcinoma for discovery (adjusted Odds Ratio = 8.82, P = 1.18 × 10-15) and replication (adjusted OR = 2.93, P = 2.22 × 10-3) that is more pronounced in females (adjusted OR = 6.81 and 3.19 and for discovery and replication). We observe an excess loss of heterozygosity in lung tumors among ATM L2307F allele carriers. L2307F is more frequent (4%) among Ashkenazi Jewish populations. We also observe an association in discovery (adjusted OR = 2.61, P = 7.98 × 10-22) and replication datasets (adjusted OR = 1.55, P = 0.06) with a loss-of-function mutation, Q4X (rs150665432) of an uncharacterized gene, KIAA0930. Our findings implicate germline genetic variants in ATM with lung cancer susceptibility and suggest KIAA0930 as a novel candidate gene for lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Ji
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Semanti Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yohan Bosse
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Joubert
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Dakai Zhu
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Younghun Han
- The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Olga Gorlova
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yonathan Brhane
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- IUOPA. University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Faculty of Medicine, Campus del Cristo s/n, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Konstantin H Dragnev
- The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle lung Cancer Research Programme, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lambertus Fa Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | | | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Pier A Bertazzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela C Pesatori
- Department of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nancy Diao
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natasha Leighl
- University Health Network- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, CA, USA
| | - Jakob S Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Mellemgaard
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Walid Saliba
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Christopher Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Ana Fernandez-Somoano
- IUOPA. University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Faculty of Medicine, Campus del Cristo s/n, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael P A Davies
- Roy Castle lung Cancer Research Programme, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W Marcus
- Roy Castle lung Cancer Research Programme, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jonas Manjer
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - David C Muller
- School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kim Overvad
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, Asp Ragusa, Italy
| | - Gary E Goodman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Swedish Medical Group, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Fiona Taylor
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Penella Woll
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Erich Wichmann
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Susanne M Arnold
- University of Kentucky, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ciprian Bolca
- Institute of Pneumology "Marius Nasta", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milica Kontic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Pulmonology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anush Mukeria
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Russian N.N.Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Simona Ognjanovic
- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tadeusz M Orlowski
- Department of Surgery, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Beata Swiatkowska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Lodz, Poland
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Russian N.N.Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar Skaug
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kenneth Offit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Preethi Srinivasan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Chaitanya Bandlamudi
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. KravisCenter for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Matthew D Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David B Solit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. KravisCenter for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Mark E Robson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barry S Taylor
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. KravisCenter for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Michael F Berger
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. KravisCenter for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - David C Nickle
- Merck Research Laboratories, Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- The University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - James D McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher I Amos
- The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 7200 Cambridge St., 7th Floor, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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19
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Huang JY, Larose TL, Wang R, Fanidi A, Alcala K, Stevens VL, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Caporaso N, Purdue M, Zeigler R, Freedman N, Lan Q, Prentice R, Pettinger M, Thomsen CA, Cai Q, Wu J, Blot WJ, Shu XO, Zheng W, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Haiman CA, Zhang X, Stampfer M, Smith-Warner S, Han J, Giles GG, Hodge AM, Severi G, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Xiang YB, Li HL, Gao YT, Visvanathan K, Bolton JH, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A, Buring JE, Lee IM, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Manjer J, Relton C, Koh WP, Brennan P, Johansson M, Yuan JM. Circulating markers of cellular immune activation in prediagnostic blood sample and lung cancer risk in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Int J Cancer 2020; 146:2394-2405. [PMID: 31276202 PMCID: PMC6960354 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell-mediated immune suppression may play an important role in lung carcinogenesis. We investigated the associations for circulating levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenine:tryptophan ratio (KTR), quinolinic acid (QA) and neopterin as markers of immune regulation and inflammation with lung cancer risk in 5,364 smoking-matched case-control pairs from 20 prospective cohorts included in the international Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. All biomarkers were quantified by mass spectrometry-based methods in serum/plasma samples collected on average 6 years before lung cancer diagnosis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for lung cancer associated with individual biomarkers were calculated using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for circulating cotinine. Compared to the lowest quintile, the highest quintiles of kynurenine, KTR, QA and neopterin were associated with a 20-30% higher risk, and tryptophan with a 15% lower risk of lung cancer (all ptrend < 0.05). The strongest associations were seen for current smokers, where the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of lung cancer for the highest quintile of KTR, QA and neopterin were 1.42 (1.15-1.75), 1.42 (1.14-1.76) and 1.45 (1.13-1.86), respectively. A stronger association was also seen for KTR and QA with risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma followed by adenocarcinoma, and for lung cancer diagnosed within the first 2 years after blood draw. This study demonstrated that components of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway with immunomodulatory effects are associated with risk of lung cancer overall, especially for current smokers. Further research is needed to evaluate the role of these biomarkers in lung carcinogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Yongxu Huang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tricia L. Larose
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health & Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anouar Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karine Alcala
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Victoria L. Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc. 250 Williams St. Atlanta, GA 30303
| | | | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH
| | - Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH
| | - Regina Zeigler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH
| | - Neal Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH
| | - Qin Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH
| | - Ross Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, Washington 98109, U.S.A
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, Washington 98109, U.S.A
| | - Cynthia A. Thomsen
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William J. Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan A. Arslan
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health, Environmental Medicine and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Perlmutter Cancer Centre, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lynn R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Prevention, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Torino, Italy
- Centre de Recherche en Epidemiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP) UMR1018 Inserm, Facultés de Médicine Université Paris-Saclay, UPS, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health & Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Lan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA
| | - Judy Hoffman Bolton
- George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Julie E. Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö Lund University, Malmö Sweden
| | - Caroline Relton
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Bossé Y, Li Z, Xia J, Manem V, Carreras-Torres R, Gabriel A, Gaudreault N, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Andrew A, Arnold S, Bickeböller H, Bojesen SE, Brennan P, Brunnstrom H, Caporaso N, Chen C, Christiani DC, Field JK, Goodman G, Grankvist K, Houlston R, Johansson M, Johansson M, Kiemeney LA, Lam S, Landi MT, Lazarus P, Le Marchand L, Liu G, Melander O, Rennert G, Risch A, Rosenberg SM, Schabath MB, Shete S, Song Z, Stevens VL, Tardon A, Wichmann HE, Woll P, Zienolddiny S, Obeidat M, Timens W, Hung RJ, Joubert P, Amos CI, McKay JD. Transcriptome-wide association study reveals candidate causal genes for lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:1862-1878. [PMID: 31696517 PMCID: PMC7008463 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have recently completed the largest GWAS on lung cancer including 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls of European descent. The goal of our study has been to integrate the complete GWAS results with a large-scale expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping study in human lung tissues (n = 1,038) to identify candidate causal genes for lung cancer. We performed transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) for lung cancer overall, by histology (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer) and smoking subgroups (never- and ever-smokers). We performed replication analysis using lung data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. DNA damage assays were performed in human lung fibroblasts for selected TWAS genes. As expected, the main TWAS signal for all histological subtypes and ever-smokers was on chromosome 15q25. The gene most strongly associated with lung cancer at this locus using the TWAS approach was IREB2 (pTWAS = 1.09E-99), where lower predicted expression increased lung cancer risk. A new lung adenocarcinoma susceptibility locus was revealed on 9p13.3 and associated with higher predicted expression of AQP3 (pTWAS = 3.72E-6). Among the 45 previously described lung cancer GWAS loci, we mapped candidate target gene for 17 of them. The association AQP3-adenocarcinoma on 9p13.3 was replicated using GTEx (pTWAS = 6.55E-5). Consistent with the effect of risk alleles on gene expression levels, IREB2 knockdown and AQP3 overproduction promote endogenous DNA damage. These findings indicate genes whose expression in lung tissue directly influences lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Zhonglin Li
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jun Xia
- Baylor College of Medicine, The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX
| | - Venkata Manem
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - Aurélie Gabriel
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Gaudreault
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Angeline Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | | | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - David C Christiani
- Program in Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - John K Field
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Richard Houlston
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | | | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Epidemiology Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gadi Rennert
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Susan M Rosenberg
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Zhuoyi Song
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Penella Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ma'en Obeidat
- The University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philippe Joubert
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Baylor College of Medicine, The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX
| | - James D McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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21
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Dai J, Li Z, Amos CI, Hung RJ, Tardon A, Andrew AS, Chen C, Christiani DC, Albanes D, van der Heijden EHFM, Duell EJ, Rennert G, Mckay JD, Yuan JM, Field JK, Manjer J, Grankvist K, Le Marchand L, Teare MD, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Tsao MS, Lazarus P, Lam S, Bojesen SE, Arnold S, Wu X, Haugen A, Janout V, Johansson M, Brhane Y, Fernandez-Somoano A, Kiemeney LA, Davies MPA, Zienolddiny S, Hu Z, Shen H. Systematic analyses of regulatory variants in DNase I hypersensitive sites identified two novel lung cancer susceptibility loci. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:432-440. [PMID: 30590402 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHS) are abundant in regulatory elements, such as promoter, enhancer and transcription factor binding sites. Many studies have revealed that disease-associated variants were concentrated in DHS-related regions. However, limited studies are available on the roles of DHS-related variants in lung cancer. In this study, we performed a large-scale case-control study with 20 871 lung cancer cases and 15 971 controls to evaluate the associations between regulatory genetic variants in DHS and lung cancer susceptibility. The expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and pathway-enrichment analysis were performed to identify the possible target genes and pathways. In addition, we performed motif-based analysis to explore the lung-cancer-related motifs using sequence kernel association test. Two novel variants, rs186332 in 20q13.3 (C>T, odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.10-1.24, P = 8.45 × 10-7) and rs4839323 in 1p13.2 (T>C, OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.89-0.95, P = 1.02 × 10-6) showed significant association with lung cancer risk. The eQTL analysis suggested that these two SNPs might regulate the expression of MRGBP and SLC16A1, respectively. What's more, the expression of both MRGBP and SLC16A1 was aberrantly elevated in lung tumor tissues. The motif-based analysis identified 10 motifs related to the risk of lung cancer (P < 1.71 × 10-4). Our findings suggested that variants in DHS might modify lung cancer susceptibility through regulating the expression of surrounding genes. This study provided us a deeper insight into the roles of DHS-related genetic variants for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, International Joint Research Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, International Joint Research Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, IUOPA, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - James D Mckay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, The William Duncan Building, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Unit for Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - M Dawn Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Division of Medical Oncology Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aage Haugen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Yonathan Brhane
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael P A Davies
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, The William Duncan Building, Liverpool, UK
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, International Joint Research Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, International Joint Research Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Battram T, Richmond RC, Baglietto L, Haycock PC, Perduca V, Bojesen SE, Gaunt TR, Hemani G, Guida F, Carreras-Torres R, Hung R, Amos CI, Freeman JR, Sandanger TM, Nøst TH, Nordestgaard BG, Teschendorff AE, Polidoro S, Vineis P, Severi G, Hodge AM, Giles GG, Grankvist K, Johansson MB, Johansson M, Davey Smith G, Relton CL. Appraising the causal relevance of DNA methylation for risk of lung cancer. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1493-1504. [PMID: 31549173 PMCID: PMC6857764 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation changes in peripheral blood have recently been identified in relation to lung cancer risk. Some of these changes have been suggested to mediate part of the effect of smoking on lung cancer. However, limitations with conventional mediation analyses mean that the causal nature of these methylation changes has yet to be fully elucidated. METHODS We first performed a meta-analysis of four epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of lung cancer (918 cases, 918 controls). Next, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis, using genetic instruments for methylation at CpG sites identified in the EWAS meta-analysis, and 29 863 cases and 55 586 controls from the TRICL-ILCCO lung cancer consortium, to appraise the possible causal role of methylation at these sites on lung cancer. RESULTS Sixteen CpG sites were identified from the EWAS meta-analysis [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05], for 14 of which we could identify genetic instruments. Mendelian randomization provided little evidence that DNA methylation in peripheral blood at the 14 CpG sites plays a causal role in lung cancer development (FDR > 0.05), including for cg05575921-AHRR where methylation is strongly associated with both smoke exposure and lung cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS The results contrast with previous observational and mediation analysis, which have made strong claims regarding the causal role of DNA methylation. Thus, previous suggestions of a mediating role of methylation at sites identified in peripheral blood, such as cg05575921-AHRR, could be unfounded. However, this study does not preclude the possibility that differential DNA methylation at other sites is causally involved in lung cancer development, especially within lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Battram
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Philip C Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Florence Guida
- Genetic Epidemiology Division, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Robert Carreras-Torres
- Genetic Epidemiology Division, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Rayjean Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Joshua R Freeman
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine,Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Therese H Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine,Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew E Teschendorff
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS–Max Planck Gesellschaft (MPG) Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Silvia Polidoro
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gianluca Severi
- CESP (Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médicine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Division, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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23
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Jiang X, Finucane HK, Schumacher FR, Schmit SL, Tyrer JP, Han Y, Michailidou K, Lesseur C, Kuchenbaecker KB, Dennis J, Conti DV, Casey G, Gaudet MM, Huyghe JR, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Andrew AS, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antoniou AC, Antonenkova NN, Arnold SM, Aronson KJ, Arun BK, Bandera EV, Barkardottir RB, Barnes DR, Batra J, Beckmann MW, Benitez J, Benlloch S, Berchuck A, Berndt SI, Bickeböller H, Bien SA, Blomqvist C, Boccia S, Bogdanova NV, Bojesen SE, Bolla MK, Brauch H, Brenner H, Brenton JD, Brook MN, Brunet J, Brunnström H, Buchanan DD, Burwinkel B, Butzow R, Cadoni G, Caldés T, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Campbell PT, Cancel-Tassin G, Cannon-Albright L, Campa D, Caporaso N, Carvalho AL, Chan AT, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen C, Christiani DC, Claes KBM, Claessens F, Clements J, Collée JM, Correa MC, Couch FJ, Cox A, Cunningham JM, Cybulski C, Czene K, Daly MB, deFazio A, Devilee P, Diez O, Gago-Dominguez M, Donovan JL, Dörk T, Duell EJ, Dunning AM, Dwek M, Eccles DM, Edlund CK, Edwards DRV, Ellberg C, Evans DG, Fasching PA, Ferris RL, Liloglou T, Figueiredo JC, Fletcher O, Fortner RT, Fostira F, Franceschi S, Friedman E, Gallinger SJ, Ganz PA, Garber J, García-Sáenz JA, Gayther SA, Giles GG, Godwin AK, Goldberg MS, Goldgar DE, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Goodman G, Grankvist K, Greene MH, Gronberg H, Gronwald J, Guénel P, Håkansson N, Hall P, Hamann U, Hamdy FC, Hamilton RJ, Hampe J, Haugen A, Heitz F, Herrero R, Hillemanns P, Hoffmeister M, Høgdall E, Hong YC, Hopper JL, Houlston R, Hulick PJ, Hunter DJ, Huntsman DG, Idos G, Imyanitov EN, Ingles SA, Isaacs C, Jakubowska A, James P, Jenkins MA, Johansson M, Johansson M, John EM, Joshi AD, Kaneva R, Karlan BY, Kelemen LE, Kühl T, Khaw KT, Khusnutdinova E, Kibel AS, Kiemeney LA, Kim J, Kjaer SK, Knight JA, Kogevinas M, Kote-Jarai Z, Koutros S, Kristensen VN, Kupryjanczyk J, Lacko M, Lam S, Lambrechts D, Landi MT, Lazarus P, Le ND, Lee E, Lejbkowicz F, Lenz HJ, Leslie G, Lessel D, Lester J, Levine DA, Li L, Li CI, Lindblom A, Lindor NM, Liu G, Loupakis F, Lubiński J, Maehle L, Maier C, Mannermaa A, Marchand LL, Margolin S, May T, McGuffog L, Meindl A, Middha P, Miller A, Milne RL, MacInnis RJ, Modugno F, Montagna M, Moreno V, Moysich KB, Mucci L, Muir K, Mulligan AM, Nathanson KL, Neal DE, Ness AR, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Newcomb PA, Newcomb LF, Nielsen FC, Nikitina-Zake L, Nordestgaard BG, Nussbaum RL, Offit K, Olah E, Olama AAA, Olopade OI, Olshan AF, Olsson H, Osorio A, Pandha H, Park JY, Pashayan N, Parsons MT, Pejovic T, Penney KL, Peters WHM, Phelan CM, Phipps AI, Plaseska-Karanfilska D, Pring M, Prokofyeva D, Radice P, Stefansson K, Ramus SJ, Raskin L, Rennert G, Rennert HS, van Rensburg EJ, Riggan MJ, Risch HA, Risch A, Roobol MJ, Rosenstein BS, Rossing MA, De Ruyck K, Saloustros E, Sandler DP, Sawyer EJ, Schabath MB, Schleutker J, Schmidt MK, Setiawan VW, Shen H, Siegel EM, Sieh W, Singer CF, Slattery ML, Sorensen KD, Southey MC, Spurdle AB, Stanford JL, Stevens VL, Stintzing S, Stone J, Sundfeldt K, Sutphen R, Swerdlow AJ, Tajara EH, Tangen CM, Tardon A, Taylor JA, Teare MD, Teixeira MR, Terry MB, Terry KL, Thibodeau SN, Thomassen M, Bjørge L, Tischkowitz M, Toland AE, Torres D, Townsend PA, Travis RC, Tung N, Tworoger SS, Ulrich CM, Usmani N, Vachon CM, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Vega A, Aguado-Barrera ME, Wang Q, Webb PM, Weinberg CR, Weinstein S, Weissler MC, Weitzel JN, West CML, White E, Whittemore AS, Wichmann HE, Wiklund F, Winqvist R, Wolk A, Woll P, Woods M, Wu AH, Wu X, Yannoukakos D, Zheng W, Zienolddiny S, Ziogas A, Zorn KK, Lane JM, Saxena R, Thomas D, Hung RJ, Diergaarde B, McKay J, Peters U, Hsu L, García-Closas M, Eeles RA, Chenevix-Trench G, Brennan PJ, Haiman CA, Simard J, Easton DF, Gruber SB, Pharoah PDP, Price AL, Pasaniuc B, Amos CI, Kraft P, Lindström S. Publisher Correction: Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4386. [PMID: 31548585 PMCID: PMC6757065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Jiang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels vagen 13, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Hilary K Finucane
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Eucid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Younghun Han
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 609 Oxford House, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 7927 Rubin Building, Room 860, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 3756, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred ALitwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, cc445, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, and Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, 10 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, Room 5568, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Hringbraut, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegi 16, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Humboldtallee 32, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie A Bien
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Örebro University Hospital, 70185, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- DrMargarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark N Brook
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, AvFrança s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki 4th Floor, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Géraldine Cancel-Tassin
- Sorbonne Université, GRC N°5 ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
- CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- George EWahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Daniele Campa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - André L Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 784-400, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII, 1331, Antenor Duarte Villela St, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen B M Claes
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Frank Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Judith Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - J Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, Rotterdam, CN, The Netherlands
| | - Marcia Cruz Correa
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus and Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR, 00936, USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Anna deFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Hawkesbury Rd & Darcy Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana S/N, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), AvGran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Miriam Dwek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 309 Regent Street, London, W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 600, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Carolina Ellberg
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Cancer Pavilion, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, The Wiliam Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Section of Infections, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Emek HaEla St 1, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Haim Levanon 30, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Steven J Gallinger
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- University Health Network Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, UCLA, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6900, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - José A García-Sáenz
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Translational Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, 1221 Madison StSte 300, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Unit of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, DCEG, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20850-9772, USA
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Robert J Hamilton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, DrHorst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Ludwig-Erhard-Straße 100, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/EvangHuyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Henricistrasse 92, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Rolando Herrero
- Early Detection and Prevention Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151 742, Korea
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard Houlston
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Cancer Research, Ingolstadter Landstr1, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1000 Central St, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 924 E 57th St, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David G Huntsman
- British Columbia's Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Gregory Idos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- NNPetrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya ul, 68, StPetersburg, Russia, 197758
| | - Sue Ann Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 780 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Amit D Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 02114, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, 1504, Bulgaria
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street Bioengineering Building, MSC955, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Tabea Kühl
- Cancer Epidemiology, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 prosp Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia, 450054
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusettes, 02115, USA
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeri Kim
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia A Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), ISGlobal, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08002, Spain
| | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martin Lacko
- Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PDebyelaan 25, POBox 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Room 10-111 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, DCEG, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room SG/7E106, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, PBS 431 PO Box 1495, Spokane, WA, 99210-1495, USA
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Clalit Health Services, Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, 2 Horev Street, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Gynecologic Oncology, Laura and Isaac Pearlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, 240 East 38th Street 19th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Christopher I Li
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 EShea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Epidemiology Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Unit of Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Lovise Maehle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Maier
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Taymaa May
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, OPG Wing, 6-811, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, , Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Pooja Middha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, In Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Victor Moreno
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Lorelei Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G2C4, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David E Neal
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrew R Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre Nutrition Theme, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8AE, UK
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lisa F Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liene Nikitina-Zake
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites str 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero St, San Francisco, CA, 94143-1714, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u7-9, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, The University of Chicago, 5841S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 450 West Dr, Chapell Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hardev Pandha
- The University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Strangeways Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Michael T Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Kathryn L Penney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wilbert H M Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Internal BOBox 433, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi DEfremov', Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Boulevard Krste Petkov Misirkov, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Darya Prokofyeva
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Decode genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland, Iceland
| | - Susan J Ramus
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW Sydney, 18 High St, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Leon Raskin
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy S Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Marjorie J Riggan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr11, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ - German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monique J Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barry S Rosenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, M4 C308, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kim De Ruyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Emmanouil Saloustros
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, Voutes, 711 10, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Division of Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning District, 211166, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, 2nd floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Karina Dalsgaard Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Cnr Grattan Street and Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stone
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- The Curtin UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA, 6000, Australia
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Inst Clinical Scienses, University of Gothenburg, Blå stråket 6, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Epidemiology Center, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd, Suite 100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, Av Brig Faria Lima 5416 Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15090-000, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutive Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Campus del Cristo s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - M Dawn Teare
- Medical Statistics Group, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua DrAntónio Bernardino de Almeida 62, 4220-072, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, RJorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-013, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard THChan School of Public Health, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, 5000, Odence C, Denmark
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460W12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No40-90, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Paul A Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Health Innovation Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Rm 4125, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nawaid Usmani
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Celine M Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Els Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Vega
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Elías Aguado-Barrera
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Stephanie Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mark C Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27514, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Catharine M L West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre,, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Neuherberg D-85764, Munich, 803539, Bavaria, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstadter Landstr1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Penella Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Road, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, UK
| | - Michael Woods
- Discipline of Genetics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, StJohn's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Kristin K Zorn
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Duncan Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Suite 4C, Office # 467, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Paul J Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec City, QC, G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alkes L Price
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- UCLA Path and Lab Med, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 190095, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, One Baylor Plaza, MS: BCM451, Suite 100D, Houston, TX, 77030-3411, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Sara Lindström
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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24
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Fanidi A, Carreras-Torres R, Larose TL, Yuan JM, Stevens VL, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Prentice R, Pettinger M, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, McCullough ML, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Haiman CA, Zhang X, Stampfer MJ, Smith-Warner SA, Giovannucci E, Giles GG, Hodge AM, Severi G, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Langhammer A, Brumpton BM, Wang R, Gao YT, Ericson U, Bojesen SE, Arnold SM, Koh WP, Shu XO, Xiang YB, Li H, Zheng W, Lan Q, Visvanathan K, Hoffman-Bolton J, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Caporaso NE, Purdue M, Freedman ND, Buring JE, Lee IM, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Manjer J, Relton CL, Hung RJ, Amos CI, Johansson M, Brennan P. Is high vitamin B12 status a cause of lung cancer? Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1499-1503. [PMID: 30499135 PMCID: PMC6642017 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B supplementation can have side effects for human health, including cancer risk. We aimed to elucidate the role of vitamin B12 in lung cancer etiology via direct measurements of pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin B12 concentrations in a nested case-control study, complemented with a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach in an independent case-control sample. We used pre-diagnostic biomarker data from 5183 case-control pairs nested within 20 prospective cohorts, and genetic data from 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls. Exposures included directly measured circulating vitamin B12 in pre-diagnostic blood samples from the nested case-control study, and 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with vitamin B12 concentrations in the MR study. Our main outcome of interest was increased risk for lung cancer, overall and by histological subtype, per increase in circulating vitamin B12 concentrations. We found circulating vitamin B12 to be positively associated with overall lung cancer risk in a dose response fashion (odds ratio for a doubling in B12 [ORlog2B12 ] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.06-1.25). The MR analysis based on 8 genetic variants also indicated that genetically determined higher vitamin B12 concentrations were positively associated with overall lung cancer risk (OR per 150 pmol/L standard deviation increase in B12 [ORSD ] = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.00-1.16). Considering the consistency of these two independent and complementary analyses, these findings support the hypothesis that high vitamin B12 status increases the risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tricia L. Larose
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health & Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ross Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Health Promotion Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine,,Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center,, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - William J. Blot
- Health Promotion Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine,,Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center,, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Alan A. Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | | | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Meir J. Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Stephanie A. Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison M. Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
- Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Ben M. Brumpton
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health & Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease, Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stig Egil Bojesen
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease, Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Health Promotion Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine,,Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center,, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglan Li
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Wei Zheng
- Health Promotion Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine,,Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center,, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Judith Hoffman-Bolton
- Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Neil E. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Julie E. Buring
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (JM)
| | - Caroline L Relton
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chris I Amos
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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25
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Simundic AM, Bölenius K, Cadamuro J, Church S, Cornes MP, van Dongen-Lases EC, Eker P, Erdeljanovic T, Grankvist K, Guimaraes JT, Hoke R, Ibarz M, Ivanov H, Kovalevskaya S, Kristensen GBB, Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, von Meyer A, Nybo M, De la Salle B, Seipelt C, Sumarac Z, Vermeersch P. Joint EFLM-COLABIOCLI Recommendation for venous blood sampling. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 56:2015-2038. [PMID: 30004902 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This document provides a joint recommendation for venous blood sampling of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) and Latin American Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE-LATAM) of the Latin America Confederation of Clinical Biochemistry (COLABIOCLI). It offers guidance on the requirements for ensuring that blood collection is a safe and patient-centered procedure and provides practical guidance on how to successfully overcome potential barriers and obstacles to its widespread implementation. The target audience for this recommendation are healthcare staff members directly involved in blood collection. This recommendation applies to the use of a closed blood collection system and does not provide guidance for the blood collection with an open needle and syringe and catheter collections. Moreover, this document neither addresses patient consent, test ordering, sample handling and transport nor collection from children and unconscious patients. The recommended procedure is based on the best available evidence. Each step was graded using a system that scores the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation. The process of grading was done at several face-to-face meetings involving the same mixture of stakeholders stated previously. The main parts of this recommendation are: 1) Pre-sampling procedures, 2) Sampling procedure, 3) Post-sampling procedures and 4) Implementation. A first draft of the recommendation was circulated to EFLM members for public consultation. WG-PRE-LATAM was also invited to comment the document. A revised version has been sent for voting on to all EFLM and COLABIOCLI members and has been officially endorsed by 33/40 EFLM and 21/21 COLABIOCLI members. We encourage professionals throughout Europe and Latin America to adopt and implement this recommendation to improve the quality of blood collection practices and increase patient and workers safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Simundic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia, E-mail:
| | | | - Janne Cadamuro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Michael P Cornes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, UK
| | | | - Pinar Eker
- Ümraniye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tanja Erdeljanovic
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Joao Tiago Guimaraes
- Department of Clinical Pathology, São João Hospital Center, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal; and EPI Unit,Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roger Hoke
- National Association of Phlebotomists, London, UK
| | - Mercedes Ibarz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Svetlana Kovalevskaya
- Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic and Pathomorphology Department, Autonomous non-profit organization of additional professional education "Institute of Laboratory Medicine", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Gabriel Lima-Oliveira
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; andLatin American Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE-LATAM) of the Latin America Confederation of Clinical Biochemistry (COLABIOCLI), Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alexander von Meyer
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG and Klinikum St. Marien, Weiden and Amberg, Germany
| | - Mads Nybo
- Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Barbara De la Salle
- West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Operating UK NEQAS for Haematology and Transfusion, Watford, UK
| | | | - Zorica Sumarac
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Cadamuro J, Lippi G, von Meyer A, Ibarz M, van Dongen E, Cornes M, Nybo M, Vermeersch P, Grankvist K, Guimaraes JT, Kristensen GBB, de la Salle B, Simundic AM. European survey on preanalytical sample handling - Part 2: Practices of European laboratories on monitoring and processing haemolytic, icteric and lipemic samples. On behalf of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE). Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2019; 29:020705. [PMID: 31223259 PMCID: PMC6559623 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2019.020705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction No guideline currently exists on how to detect or document haemolysis, icterus or lipemia (HIL) in blood samples, nor on subsequent use of this information. The EFLM WG-PRE has performed a survey for assessing current practices of European laboratories in HIL monitoring. This second part of two coherent articles is focused on HIL. Materials and methods An online survey, containing 39 questions on preanalytical issues, was disseminated among EFLM member countries. Seventeen questions exclusively focused on assessment, management and follow-up actions of HIL in routine blood samples. Results Overall, 1405 valid responses from 37 countries were received. A total of 1160 (86%) of all responders stating to analyse blood samples - monitored HIL. HIL was mostly checked in clinical chemistry samples and less frequently in those received for coagulation, therapeutic drug monitoring and serology/infectious disease testing. HIL detection by automatic HIL indices or visual inspection, along with haemolysis cut-offs definition, varied widely among responders. A quarter of responders performing automated HIL checks used internal quality controls. In haemolytic/icteric/lipemic samples, most responders (70%) only rejected HIL-sensitive parameters, whilst about 20% released all test results with general comments. Other responders did not analysed but rejected the entire sample, while some released all tests, without comments. Overall, 26% responders who monitored HIL were using this information for monitoring phlebotomy or sample transport quality. Conclusion Strategies for monitoring and treating haemolytic, icteric or lipemic samples are quite heterogeneous in Europe. The WG-PRE will use these insights for developing and providing recommendations aimed at harmonizing strategies across Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Cadamuro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alexander von Meyer
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG and Klinikum St. Marien, Weiden and Amberg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Ibarz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Edmee van Dongen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Section of Clinical Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG and Klinikum St. Marien, Weiden and Amberg, Germany.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Chemistry Department, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, UK.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology, São João Hospital Center, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, and EPI Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Norwegian Quality Improvement of laboratory examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway.,UK NEQAS Haematology, West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, operating UK NEQAS for Haematology and Transfusion, Watford, UK.,Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Michael Cornes
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, UK
| | - Mads Nybo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Joao Tiago Guimaraes
- Department of Clinical Pathology, São João Hospital Center, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, and EPI Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gunn B B Kristensen
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of laboratory examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway
| | - Barbara de la Salle
- UK NEQAS Haematology, West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, operating UK NEQAS for Haematology and Transfusion, Watford, UK
| | - Ana-Maria Simundic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia
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Cadamuro J, Lippi G, von Meyer A, Ibarz M, van Dongen E, Cornes M, Nybo M, Vermeersch P, Grankvist K, Guimaraes JT, Kristensen GBB, de la Salle B, Simundic AM. European survey on preanalytical sample handling - Part 1: How do European laboratories monitor the preanalytical phase? On behalf of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE). Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2019; 29:020704. [PMID: 31223258 PMCID: PMC6559617 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2019.020704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Compared to other activities of the testing process, the preanalytical phase is plagued by a lower degree of standardization, which makes it more vulnerable to errors. With the aim of providing guidelines and recommendations, the EFLM WG-PRE issued a survey across European medical laboratories, to gather information on local preanalytical practices. This is part one of two coherent articles, which covers all practices on monitoring preanalytical quality except haemolysis, icterus and lipemia (HIL). Materials and methods An online survey, containing 39 questions dealing with a broad spectrum of preanalytical issues, was disseminated to EFLM member countries. The survey included questions on willingness of laboratories to engage in preanalytical issues. Results Overall, 1405 valid responses were received from 37 countries. 1265 (94%) responders declared to monitor preanalytical errors. Assessment, documentation and further use of this information varied widely among respondents and partially among countries. Many responders were interested in a preanalytical online platform, holding information on various aspects of the preanalytical phase (N = 1177; 87%), in a guideline for measurement and evaluation of preanalytical variables (N = 1235; 92%), and in preanalytical e-learning programs or webinars (N = 1125; 84%). Fewer responders were interested in, or already participating in, preanalytical EQA programs (N = 951; 71%). Conclusion Although substantial heterogeneity was found across European laboratories on preanalytical phase monitoring, the interest in preanalytical issues was high. A large majority of participants indicated an interest in new guidelines regarding preanalytical variables and learning activities. This important data will be used by the WG-PRE for providing recommendations on the most critical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Cadamuro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alexander von Meyer
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG and Klinikum St. Marien, Weiden and Amberg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Ibarz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Edmee van Dongen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Section of Clinical Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG and Klinikum St. Marien, Weiden and Amberg, Germany.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Chemistry Department, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, UK.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology, São João Hospital Center, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, and EPI Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Norwegian Quality Improvement of laboratory examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway.,UK NEQAS Haematology, West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, operating UK NEQAS for Haematology and Transfusion, Watford, UK.,Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Michael Cornes
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, UK
| | - Mads Nybo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Joao Tiago Guimaraes
- Department of Clinical Pathology, São João Hospital Center, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, and EPI Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gunn B B Kristensen
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of laboratory examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway
| | - Barbara de la Salle
- UK NEQAS Haematology, West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, operating UK NEQAS for Haematology and Transfusion, Watford, UK
| | - Ana-Maria Simundic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia
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Hung RJ, Spitz MR, Houlston RS, Schwartz AG, Field JK, Ying J, Li Y, Han Y, Ji X, Chen W, Wu X, Gorlov IP, Na J, de Andrade M, Liu G, Brhane Y, Diao N, Wenzlaff A, Davies MPA, Liloglou T, Timofeeva M, Muley T, Rennert H, Saliba W, Ryan BM, Bowman E, Barros-Dios JM, Pérez-Ríos M, Morgenstern H, Zienolddiny S, Skaug V, Ugolini D, Bonassi S, van der Heijden EHFM, Tardon A, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Bickeböller H, Arnold S, Le Marchand L, Melander O, Andrew A, Grankvist K, Caporaso N, Teare MD, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Kiemeney LA, Wichmann HE, Lazarus P, Mayordomo J, Neri M, Haugen A, Zhang ZF, Ruano-Raviña A, Brenner H, Harris CC, Orlow I, Rennert G, Risch A, Brennan P, Christiani DC, Amos CI, Yang P, Gorlova OY. Lung Cancer Risk in Never-Smokers of European Descent is Associated With Genetic Variation in the 5 p15.33 TERT-CLPTM1Ll Region. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:1360-1369. [PMID: 31009812 PMCID: PMC6833942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inherited susceptibility to lung cancer risk in never-smokers is poorly understood. The major reason for this gap in knowledge is that this disease is relatively uncommon (except in Asians), making it difficult to assemble an adequate study sample. In this study we conducted a genome-wide association study on the largest, to date, set of European-descent never-smokers with lung cancer. METHODS We conducted a two-phase (discovery and replication) genome-wide association study in never-smokers of European descent. We further augmented the sample by performing a meta-analysis with never-smokers from the recent OncoArray study, which resulted in a total of 3636 cases and 6295 controls. We also compare our findings with those in smokers with lung cancer. RESULTS We detected three genome-wide statistically significant single nucleotide polymorphisms rs31490 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.769, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.722-0.820; p value 5.31 × 10-16), rs380286 (OR: 0.770, 95% CI: 0.723-0.820; p value 4.32 × 10-16), and rs4975616 (OR: 0.778, 95% CI: 0.730-0.829; p value 1.04 × 10-14). All three mapped to Chromosome 5 CLPTM1L-TERT region, previously shown to be associated with lung cancer risk in smokers and in never-smoker Asian women, and risk of other cancers including breast, ovarian, colorectal, and prostate. CONCLUSIONS We found that genetic susceptibility to lung cancer in never-smokers is associated to genetic variants with pan-cancer risk effects. The comparison with smokers shows that top variants previously shown to be associated with lung cancer risk only confer risk in the presence of tobacco exposure, underscoring the importance of gene-environment interactions in the etiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - John K Field
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Ying
- University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas
| | - Yafang Li
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Xuemei Ji
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Wei Chen
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xifeng Wu
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ivan P Gorlov
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Jie Na
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yonathan Brhane
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy Diao
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Maria Timofeeva
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Muley
- German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hedy Rennert
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Walid Saliba
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bríd M Ryan
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elise Bowman
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro, Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | - Vidar Skaug
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Stefano Bonassi
- San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy; San Raffaele Pisana - Scientific Hospitalization and Care Insitution, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M Dawn Teare
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Bavaria, Germany
| | | | | | - Monica Neri
- San Raffaele Pisana - Scientific Hospitalization and Care Insitution, Rome, Italy
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | - Curtis C Harris
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Irene Orlow
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gadi Rennert
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Angela Risch
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Olga Y Gorlova
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire.
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Ward HA, Whitman J, Muller DC, Johansson M, Jakszyn P, Weiderpass E, Palli D, Fanidi A, Vermeulen R, Tjønneland A, Hansen L, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Severi G, Boutron-Ruault MC, Affret A, Kaaks R, Fortner R, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, La Vecchia C, Kotanidou A, Berrino F, Krogh V, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Nøst TH, Sandanger TM, Quirós JR, Agudo A, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Larrañaga N, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Drake I, Brunnström H, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Travis RC, Freisling H, Stepien M, Merritt MA, Riboli E, Cross AJ. Haem iron intake and risk of lung cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:1122-1132. [PMID: 30337714 PMCID: PMC6372073 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggest that haem iron, which is found predominantly in red meat and increases endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds, may be positively associated with lung cancer. The objective was to examine the relationship between haem iron intake and lung cancer risk using detailed smoking history data and serum cotinine to control for potential confounding. METHODS In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 416,746 individuals from 10 countries completed demographic and dietary questionnaires at recruitment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident lung cancer (n = 3731) risk relative to haem iron, non-haem iron, and total dietary iron intake. A corresponding analysis was conducted among a nested subset of 800 lung cancer cases and 1489 matched controls for whom serum cotinine was available. RESULTS Haem iron was associated with lung cancer risk, including after adjustment for details of smoking history (time since quitting, number of cigarettes per day): as a continuous variable (HR per 0.3 mg/1000 kcal 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.07), and in the highest versus lowest quintile (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02-1.32; trend across quintiles: P = 0.035). In contrast, non-haem iron intake was related inversely with lung cancer risk; however, this association attenuated after adjustment for smoking history. Additional adjustment for serum cotinine did not considerably alter the associations detected in the nested case-control subset. CONCLUSIONS Greater haem iron intake may be modestly associated with lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Ward
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Julia Whitman
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David C Muller
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
| | - Anouar Fanidi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Louise Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
- CESP Inserm, Facultés de Medicine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP Inserm, Facultés de Medicine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Aurélie Affret
- CESP Inserm, Facultés de Medicine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renee Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Franco Berrino
- Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic - M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service, ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Petra H Peeters
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division and BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division and BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Elio Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Cross
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Grankvist K, Gomez R, Nybo M, Lima-Oliveira G, von Meyer A. Preanalytical aspects on short- and long-term storage of serum and plasma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 6:51-56. [PMID: 30138113 DOI: 10.1515/dx-2018-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Following an ordered clinical chemistry plasma/serum test, ideally the venous blood specimen is adequately collected at a health care facility, then swiftly transported to and readily handled, analyzed and sometimes interpreted at a clinical chemistry laboratory followed by a report of the test result to the ordering physician to finally handle the result. However, often there are practical as well as sample quality reasons for short- or long-term storage of samples before and after analysis. If there are specific storage needs, the preanalytical handling practices are specified in the laboratory's specimen collection instructions for the ordered test analyte. Biobanking of specimens over a very long time prior to analysis includes an often neglected preanalytical challenge for preserved quality of the blood specimen and also involves administrative and additional practical handling aspects (specified in a standard operating procedure - SOP) when demands and considerations from academic, industry, research organizations and authorities are included. This short review highlights some preanalytical aspects of plasma/serum short- and long- term storage that must be considered by clinicians, laboratory staff as well as the researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ruben Gomez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mads Nybo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Gabriel Lima-Oliveira
- Clinical Biochemistry Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alexander von Meyer
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG and Klinikum St. Marien, Weiden and Amberg, Germany
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Berggrund M, Enroth S, Lundberg M, Assarsson E, Stålberg K, Lindquist D, Hallmans G, Grankvist K, Olovsson M, Gyllensten U. Identification of Candidate Plasma Protein Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer Using the Multiplex Proximity Extension Assay. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:735-743. [PMID: 30692274 PMCID: PMC6442356 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.001208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recommended as the primary test in cervical cancer screening, with co-testing by cytology for HPV-positive women to identify cervical lesions. Cytology has low sensitivity and there is a need to identify biomarkers that could identify dysplasia that are likely to progress to cancer. We searched for plasma proteins that could identify women with cervical cancer using the multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA). The abundance of 100 proteins were measured in plasma collected at the time of diagnosis of patients with invasive cervical cancer and in population controls using the Olink Multiplex panels CVD II, INF I, and ONC II. Eighty proteins showed increased levels in cases compared with controls. We identified a signature of 11 proteins (PTX3, ITGB1BP2, AXIN1, STAMPB, SRC, SIRT2, 4E-BP1, PAPPA, HB-EGF, NEMO and IL27) that distinguished cases and controls with a sensitivity of 0.96 at a specificity of 1.0. This signature was evaluated in a prospective replication cohort with samples collected before, at or after diagnosis and achieved a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity 0.56 separating samples collected at the time of diagnosis of invasive cancer from samples collected prior to diagnosis. No difference in abundance was seen between samples collected prior to diagnosis or after treatment as compared with population controls, indicating that this protein signature is mainly informative close to time of diagnosis. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal window in time prior to diagnosis for these biomarker candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Berggrund
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Biomedical Center, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Uppsala, Box 815, Uppsala University, SE-75108 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Enroth
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Biomedical Center, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Uppsala, Box 815, Uppsala University, SE-75108 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Lundberg
- §OLINK Proteomics, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erika Assarsson
- §OLINK Proteomics, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 83, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Stålberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, 751 85, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Lindquist
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Matts Olovsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, 751 85, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Biomedical Center, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Uppsala, Box 815, Uppsala University, SE-75108 Uppsala, Sweden;.
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Li Y, Xiao X, Bossé Y, Gorlova O, Gorlov I, Han Y, Byun J, Leighl N, Johansen JS, Barnett M, Chen C, Goodman G, Cox A, Taylor F, Woll P, Wichmann HE, Manz J, Muley T, Risch A, Rosenberger A, Han J, Siminovitch K, Arnold SM, Haura EB, Bolca C, Holcatova I, Janout V, Kontic M, Lissowska J, Mukeria A, Ognjanovic S, Orlowski TM, Scelo G, Swiatkowska B, Zaridze D, Bakke P, Skaug V, Zienolddiny S, Duell EJ, Butler LM, Houlston R, Artigas MS, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Shepherd FA, Marcus MW, Brunnström H, Manjer J, Melander O, Muller DC, Overvad K, Trichopoulou A, Tumino R, Liu G, Bojesen SE, Wu X, Le Marchand L, Albanes D, Bickeböller H, Aldrich MC, Bush WS, Tardon A, Rennert G, Teare MD, Field JK, Kiemeney LA, Lazarus P, Haugen A, Lam S, Schabath MB, Andrew AS, Bertazzi PA, Pesatori AC, Christiani DC, Caporaso N, Johansson M, McKay JD, Brennan P, Hung RJ, Amos CI. Genetic interaction analysis among oncogenesis-related genes revealed novel genes and networks in lung cancer development. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1760-1774. [PMID: 30956756 PMCID: PMC6442994 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer is driven by the accumulation of many oncogenesis-related genetic alterations and tumorigenesis is triggered by complex networks of involved genes rather than independent actions. To explore the epistasis existing among oncogenesis-related genes in lung cancer development, we conducted pairwise genetic interaction analyses among 35,031 SNPs from 2027 oncogenesis-related genes. The genotypes from three independent genome-wide association studies including a total of 24,037 lung cancer patients and 20,401 healthy controls with Caucasian ancestry were analyzed in the study. Using a two-stage study design including discovery and replication studies, and stringent Bonferroni correction for multiple statistical analysis, we identified significant genetic interactions between SNPs in RGL1:RAD51B (OR=0.44, p value=3.27x10-11 in overall lung cancer and OR=0.41, p value=9.71x10-11 in non-small cell lung cancer), SYNE1:RNF43 (OR=0.73, p value=1.01x10-12 in adenocarcinoma) and FHIT:TSPAN8 (OR=1.82, p value=7.62x10-11 in squamous cell carcinoma) in our analysis. None of these genes have been identified from previous main effect association studies in lung cancer. Further eQTL gene expression analysis in lung tissues provided information supporting the functional role of the identified epistasis in lung tumorigenesis. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed potential pathways and gene networks underlying molecular mechanisms in overall lung cancer as well as histology subtypes development. Our results provide evidence that genetic interactions between oncogenesis-related genes play an important role in lung tumorigenesis and epistasis analysis, combined with functional annotation, provides a valuable tool for uncovering functional novel susceptibility genes that contribute to lung cancer development by interacting with other modifier genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Li
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Olga Gorlova
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | | | - Natasha Leighl
- University Health Network, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, CA, USA
| | - Jakob S. Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matt Barnett
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Fiona Taylor
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Penella Woll
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - H. Erich Wichmann
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Judith Manz
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jiali Han
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Eric B. Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ciprian Bolca
- Institute of Pneumology “Marius Nasta”, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Milica Kontic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- M. Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center, Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anush Mukeria
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Simona Ognjanovic
- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tadeusz M. Orlowski
- Department of Surgery, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Beata Swiatkowska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Lodz, Poland
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar Skaug
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Eric J. Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - María Soler Artigas
- Department of Health Sciences, Genetic Epidemiology Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Michael W. Marcus
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Jonas Manjer
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - David C. Muller
- School of Public Health, St. Mary’s Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit CSPO (Cancer Research and Prevention Centre), Scientific Institute of Tuscany, Florence, Italy
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William S. Bush
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- IUOPA, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Faculty of Medicine, Campus del Cristo s/n, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - M. Dawn Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John K. Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Matthew B. Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Pier Alberto Bertazzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela C. Pesatori
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James D. McKay
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul Brennan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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33
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Zuo H, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Tell GS, Fanidi A, Zheng W, Shu X, Xiang Y, Wu J, Prentice R, Pettinger M, Thomson CA, Giles GG, Hodge A, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Johansson M, Hultdin J, Grankvist K, Stevens VL, McCullough ML, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Ziegler RG, Freedman ND, Caporaso NE, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Næss M, Buring JE, Lee I, Gaziano JM, Severi G, Zhang X, Stampfer MJ, Han J, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Marchand LL, Yuan J, Wang R, Koh W, Gao Y, Ericson U, Visvanathan K, Jones MR, Relton C, Brennan P, Johansson M, Ulvik A. Vitamin B6 catabolism and lung cancer risk: results from the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Ann Oncol 2019; 30:478-485. [PMID: 30698666 PMCID: PMC6442648 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased vitamin B6 catabolism related to inflammation, as measured by the PAr index (the ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid over the sum of pyridoxal and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate), has been positively associated with lung cancer risk in two prospective European studies. However, the extent to which this association translates to more diverse populations is not known. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this study, we included 5323 incident lung cancer cases and 5323 controls individually matched by age, sex, and smoking status within each of 20 prospective cohorts from the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. Cohort-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between PAr and lung cancer risk were calculated using conditional logistic regression and pooled using random-effects models. RESULTS PAr was positively associated with lung cancer risk in a dose-response fashion. Comparing the fourth versus first quartiles of PAr resulted in an OR of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.19-1.59) for overall lung cancer risk. The association between PAr and lung cancer risk was most prominent in former smokers (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.36-2.10), men (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.28-2.00), and for cancers diagnosed within 3 years of blood draw (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.34-2.23). CONCLUSION Based on pre-diagnostic data from 20 cohorts across 4 continents, this study confirms that increased vitamin B6 catabolism related to inflammation and immune activation is associated with a higher risk of developing lung cancer. Moreover, PAr may be a pre-diagnostic marker of lung cancer rather than a causal factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zuo
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen.
| | - P M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen; Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen
| | | | - G S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen
| | - A Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - X Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Y Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - R Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle
| | - M Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle
| | - C A Thomson
- Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - G G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Q Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - W J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - M Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå
| | - J Hultdin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - V L Stevens
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta
| | - M L McCullough
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta
| | - S J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - D Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - R G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - N D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - N E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - A Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K Hveem
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - M Næss
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - J E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston
| | - I Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston
| | - J M Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, USA
| | - G Severi
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torin, Italy; CESP (U1018 INSERM), Université Paris-Saclay, USQ, Villejuif, France
| | - X Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - M J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston
| | - J Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | | | - L L Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu
| | - J Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - R Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh
| | - W Koh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore and Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - U Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - K Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Center, School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - M R Jones
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Center, School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - C Relton
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - P Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - M Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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34
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Zhu Y, Wei Y, Zhang R, Dong X, Shen S, Zhao Y, Bai J, Albanes D, Caporaso NE, Landi MT, Zhu B, Chanock SJ, Gu F, Lam S, Tsao MS, Shepherd FA, Tardon A, Fernández-Somoano A, Fernandez-Tardon G, Chen C, Barnett MJ, Doherty J, Bojesen SE, Johansson M, Brennan P, McKay JD, Carreras-Torres R, Muley T, Risch A, Wichmann HE, Bickeboeller H, Rosenberger A, Rennert G, Saliba W, Arnold SM, Field JK, Davies MPA, Marcus MW, Wu X, Ye Y, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Melander O, Manjer J, Brunnström H, Hung RJ, Liu G, Brhane Y, Kachuri L, Andrew AS, Duell EJ, Kiemeney LA, van der Heijden EH, Haugen A, Zienolddiny S, Skaug V, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Woll PJ, Cox A, Taylor F, Teare DM, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Houlston RS, McLaughlin J, Stevens VL, Shen H, Hu Z, Dai J, Amos CI, Han Y, Zhu D, Goodman GE, Chen F, Christiani DC. Elevated Platelet Count Appears to Be Causally Associated with Increased Risk of Lung Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:935-942. [PMID: 30700444 PMCID: PMC7075698 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets are a critical element in coagulation and inflammation, and activated platelets are linked to cancer risk through diverse mechanisms. However, a causal relationship between platelets and risk of lung cancer remains unclear. METHODS We performed single and combined multiple instrumental variable Mendelian randomization analysis by an inverse-weighted method, in addition to a series of sensitivity analyses. Summary data for associations between SNPs and platelet count are from a recent publication that included 48,666 Caucasian Europeans, and the International Lung Cancer Consortium and Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung data consisting of 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls to analyze associations between candidate SNPs and lung cancer risk. RESULTS Multiple instrumental variable analysis incorporating six SNPs showed a 62% increased risk of overall non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC; OR, 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-2.27; P = 0.005] and a 200% increased risk for small-cell lung cancer (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.27-7.06; P = 0.01). Results showed only a trending association with NSCLC histologic subtypes, which may be due to insufficient sample size and/or weak effect size. A series of sensitivity analysis retained these findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a causal relationship between elevated platelet count and increased risk of lung cancer and provide evidence of possible antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention. IMPACT These findings provide a better understanding of lung cancer etiology and potential evidence for antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,China International Cooperation Center (CICC) for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,China International Cooperation Center (CICC) for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuesi Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sipeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,China International Cooperation Center (CICC) for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianling Bai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bin Zhu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fangyi Gu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frances A Shepherd
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Faculty of Medicine, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew J Barnett
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jennifer Doherty
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - James D McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | | | - Thomas Muley
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heunz-Erich Wichmann
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeboeller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gad Rennert
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Walid Saliba
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John K Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P A Davies
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W Marcus
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | | | - Jonas Manjer
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yonathan Brhane
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Hfm van der Heijden
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Vidar Skaug
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Penella J Woll
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Taylor
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn M Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, England, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Younghun Han
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Dakai Zhu
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,China International Cooperation Center (CICC) for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,China International Cooperation Center (CICC) for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Jiang X, Finucane HK, Schumacher FR, Schmit SL, Tyrer JP, Han Y, Michailidou K, Lesseur C, Kuchenbaecker KB, Dennis J, Conti DV, Casey G, Gaudet MM, Huyghe JR, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Andrew AS, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antoniou AC, Antonenkova NN, Arnold SM, Aronson KJ, Arun BK, Bandera EV, Barkardottir RB, Barnes DR, Batra J, Beckmann MW, Benitez J, Benlloch S, Berchuck A, Berndt SI, Bickeböller H, Bien SA, Blomqvist C, Boccia S, Bogdanova NV, Bojesen SE, Bolla MK, Brauch H, Brenner H, Brenton JD, Brook MN, Brunet J, Brunnström H, Buchanan DD, Burwinkel B, Butzow R, Cadoni G, Caldés T, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Campbell PT, Cancel-Tassin G, Cannon-Albright L, Campa D, Caporaso N, Carvalho AL, Chan AT, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen C, Christiani DC, Claes KBM, Claessens F, Clements J, Collée JM, Correa MC, Couch FJ, Cox A, Cunningham JM, Cybulski C, Czene K, Daly MB, deFazio A, Devilee P, Diez O, Gago-Dominguez M, Donovan JL, Dörk T, Duell EJ, Dunning AM, Dwek M, Eccles DM, Edlund CK, Edwards DRV, Ellberg C, Evans DG, Fasching PA, Ferris RL, Liloglou T, Figueiredo JC, Fletcher O, Fortner RT, Fostira F, Franceschi S, Friedman E, Gallinger SJ, Ganz PA, Garber J, García-Sáenz JA, Gayther SA, Giles GG, Godwin AK, Goldberg MS, Goldgar DE, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Goodman G, Grankvist K, Greene MH, Gronberg H, Gronwald J, Guénel P, Håkansson N, Hall P, Hamann U, Hamdy FC, Hamilton RJ, Hampe J, Haugen A, Heitz F, Herrero R, Hillemanns P, Hoffmeister M, Høgdall E, Hong YC, Hopper JL, Houlston R, Hulick PJ, Hunter DJ, Huntsman DG, Idos G, Imyanitov EN, Ingles SA, Isaacs C, Jakubowska A, James P, Jenkins MA, Johansson M, Johansson M, John EM, Joshi AD, Kaneva R, Karlan BY, Kelemen LE, Kühl T, Khaw KT, Khusnutdinova E, Kibel AS, Kiemeney LA, Kim J, Kjaer SK, Knight JA, Kogevinas M, Kote-Jarai Z, Koutros S, Kristensen VN, Kupryjanczyk J, Lacko M, Lam S, Lambrechts D, Landi MT, Lazarus P, Le ND, Lee E, Lejbkowicz F, Lenz HJ, Leslie G, Lessel D, Lester J, Levine DA, Li L, Li CI, Lindblom A, Lindor NM, Liu G, Loupakis F, Lubiński J, Maehle L, Maier C, Mannermaa A, Marchand LL, Margolin S, May T, McGuffog L, Meindl A, Middha P, Miller A, Milne RL, MacInnis RJ, Modugno F, Montagna M, Moreno V, Moysich KB, Mucci L, Muir K, Mulligan AM, Nathanson KL, Neal DE, Ness AR, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Newcomb PA, Newcomb LF, Nielsen FC, Nikitina-Zake L, Nordestgaard BG, Nussbaum RL, Offit K, Olah E, Olama AAA, Olopade OI, Olshan AF, Olsson H, Osorio A, Pandha H, Park JY, Pashayan N, Parsons MT, Pejovic T, Penney KL, Peters WHM, Phelan CM, Phipps AI, Plaseska-Karanfilska D, Pring M, Prokofyeva D, Radice P, Stefansson K, Ramus SJ, Raskin L, Rennert G, Rennert HS, van Rensburg EJ, Riggan MJ, Risch HA, Risch A, Roobol MJ, Rosenstein BS, Rossing MA, De Ruyck K, Saloustros E, Sandler DP, Sawyer EJ, Schabath MB, Schleutker J, Schmidt MK, Setiawan VW, Shen H, Siegel EM, Sieh W, Singer CF, Slattery ML, Sorensen KD, Southey MC, Spurdle AB, Stanford JL, Stevens VL, Stintzing S, Stone J, Sundfeldt K, Sutphen R, Swerdlow AJ, Tajara EH, Tangen CM, Tardon A, Taylor JA, Teare MD, Teixeira MR, Terry MB, Terry KL, Thibodeau SN, Thomassen M, Bjørge L, Tischkowitz M, Toland AE, Torres D, Townsend PA, Travis RC, Tung N, Tworoger SS, Ulrich CM, Usmani N, Vachon CM, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Vega A, Aguado-Barrera ME, Wang Q, Webb PM, Weinberg CR, Weinstein S, Weissler MC, Weitzel JN, West CML, White E, Whittemore AS, Wichmann HE, Wiklund F, Winqvist R, Wolk A, Woll P, Woods M, Wu AH, Wu X, Yannoukakos D, Zheng W, Zienolddiny S, Ziogas A, Zorn KK, Lane JM, Saxena R, Thomas D, Hung RJ, Diergaarde B, McKay J, Peters U, Hsu L, García-Closas M, Eeles RA, Chenevix-Trench G, Brennan PJ, Haiman CA, Simard J, Easton DF, Gruber SB, Pharoah PDP, Price AL, Pasaniuc B, Amos CI, Kraft P, Lindström S. Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers. Nat Commun 2019; 10:431. [PMID: 30683880 PMCID: PMC6347624 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate cancer, and between cancers and 38 other diseases. We observed statistically significant genetic correlations between lung and head/neck cancer (rg = 0.57, p = 4.6 × 10-8), breast and ovarian cancer (rg = 0.24, p = 7 × 10-5), breast and lung cancer (rg = 0.18, p =1.5 × 10-6) and breast and colorectal cancer (rg = 0.15, p = 1.1 × 10-4). We also found that multiple cancers are genetically correlated with non-cancer traits including smoking, psychiatric diseases and metabolic characteristics. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant excess contribution of conserved and regulatory regions to cancer heritability. Our comprehensive analysis of cross-cancer heritability suggests that solid tumors arising across tissues share in part a common germline genetic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Jiang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels vagen 13, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Hilary K Finucane
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Eucid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Younghun Han
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 609 Oxford House, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 7927 Rubin Building, Room 860, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 3756, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred ALitwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, cc445, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, and Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, 10 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, Room 5568, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Hringbraut, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegi 16, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Humboldtallee 32, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie A Bien
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Örebro University Hospital, 70185, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- DrMargarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark N Brook
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, AvFrança s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki 4th floor, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Géraldine Cancel-Tassin
- Sorbonne Université, GRC N°5 ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
- CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- George EWahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Daniele Campa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - André L Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 784-400, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII, 1331, Antenor Duarte Villela St, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen B M Claes
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Frank Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Judith Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - J Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, Rotterdam, CN, The Netherlands
| | - Marcia Cruz Correa
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus and Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR, 00936, USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Anna deFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Hawkesbury Rd & Darcy Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana S/N, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), AvGran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Miriam Dwek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 309 Regent Street, London, W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 600, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Carolina Ellberg
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Cancer Pavilion, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, The Wiliam Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Section of Infections, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Emek HaEla St 1, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Haim Levanon 30, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Steven J Gallinger
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- University Health Network Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, UCLA, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6900, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - José A García-Sáenz
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Translational Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, 1221 Madison StSte 300, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Unit of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, DCEG, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20850-9772, USA
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Robert J Hamilton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, DrHorst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Ludwig-Erhard-Straße 100, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/ EvangHuyssens-Stiftung/ Knappschaft GmbH, Henricistrasse 92, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Rolando Herrero
- Early Detection and Prevention Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151 742, Korea
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard Houlston
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Cancer Research, Ingolstadter Landstr1, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1000 Central St, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 924 E 57th St, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David G Huntsman
- British Columbia's Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Gregory Idos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- NNPetrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya ul, 68, StPetersburg, Russia, 197758
| | - Sue Ann Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 780 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Amit D Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 02114, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, 1504, Bulgaria
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street Bioengineering Building, MSC955, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Tabea Kühl
- Cancer Epidemiology, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 prosp Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia, 450054
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusettes, 02115, USA
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeri Kim
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia A Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), ISGlobal, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08002, Spain
| | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martin Lacko
- Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PDebyelaan 25, POBox 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Room 10-111 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, DCEG, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room SG/7E106, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, PBS 431 PO Box 1495, Spokane, WA, 99210-1495, USA
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Clalit Health Services, Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, 2 Horev Street, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Gynecologic Oncology, Laura and Isaac Pearlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, 240 East 38th Street 19th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Christopher I Li
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 EShea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Epidemiology Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Unit of Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Lovise Maehle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Maier
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Taymaa May
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, OPG Wing, 6-811, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, , Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Pooja Middha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, In Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Victor Moreno
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Lorelei Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G2C4, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David E Neal
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrew R Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre Nutrition Theme, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8AE, UK
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lisa F Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liene Nikitina-Zake
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites str 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero St, San Francisco, CA, 94143-1714, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u7-9, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, The University of Chicago, 5841S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 450 West Dr, Chapell Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hardev Pandha
- The University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Strangeways Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Michael T Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Kathryn L Penney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wilbert H M Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Internal BOBox 433, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi DEfremov', Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Boulevard Krste Petkov Misirkov, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Darya Prokofyeva
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Decode genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland, Iceland
| | - Susan J Ramus
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW Sydney, 18 High St, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Leon Raskin
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy S Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Marjorie J Riggan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr11, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ - German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monique J Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barry S Rosenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, M4 C308, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kim De Ruyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Emmanouil Saloustros
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, Voutes, 711 10, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Division of Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning District, 211166, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, 2nd floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Karina Dalsgaard Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Cnr Grattan Street and Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stone
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- The Curtin UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA, 6000, Australia
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Inst Clinical Scienses, University of Gothenburg, Blå stråket 6, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Epidemiology Center, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd, Suite 100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, Av Brig Faria Lima 5416 Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15090-000, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutive Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Campus del Cristo s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - M Dawn Teare
- Medical Statistics Group, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua DrAntónio Bernardino de Almeida 62, 4220-072, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, RJorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-013, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard THChan School of Public Health, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, 5000, Odence C, Denmark
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460W12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No40-90, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Paul A Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Health Innovation Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Rm 4125, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nawaid Usmani
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Celine M Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Els Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Vega
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Elías Aguado-Barrera
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Stephanie Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mark C Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27514, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Catharine M L West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre,, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Neuherberg D-85764, Munich, 803539, Bavaria, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstadter Landstr1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Penella Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Road, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, UK
| | - Michael Woods
- Discipline of Genetics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, StJohn's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Kristin K Zorn
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Duncan Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Suite 4C, Office # 467, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Paul J Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec City, QC, G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alkes L Price
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- UCLA Path and Lab Med, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 190095, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, One Baylor Plaza, MS: BCM451, Suite 100D, Houston, TX, 77030-3411, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Sara Lindström
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Muller DC, Larose TL, Hodge A, Guida F, Langhammer A, Grankvist K, Meyer K, Cai Q, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Albanes D, Giles GG, Sesso HD, Lee IM, Gaziano JM, Yuan JM, Hoffman Bolton J, Buring JE, Visvanathan K, Le Marchand L, Purdue MP, Caporaso NE, Midttun Ø, Ueland PM, Prentice RL, Weinstein SJ, Stevens VL, Zheng W, Blot WJ, Shu XO, Zhang X, Xiang YB, Koh WP, Hveem K, Thomson CA, Pettinger M, Engström G, Brunnström H, Milne RL, Stampfer MJ, Han J, Johansson M, Brennan P, Severi G, Johansson M. Circulating high sensitivity C reactive protein concentrations and risk of lung cancer: nested case-control study within Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. BMJ 2019; 364:k4981. [PMID: 30606716 PMCID: PMC6315896 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k4981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To conduct a comprehensive analysis of prospectively measured circulating high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration and risk of lung cancer overall, by smoking status (never, former, and current smokers), and histological sub-type. DESIGN Nested case-control study. SETTING 20 population based cohort studies in Asia, Europe, Australia, and the United States. PARTICIPANTS 5299 patients with incident lung cancer, with individually incidence density matched controls. EXPOSURE Circulating hsCRP concentrations in prediagnostic serum or plasma samples. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incident lung cancer diagnosis. RESULTS A positive association between circulating hsCRP concentration and the risk of lung cancer for current (odds ratio associated with a doubling in hsCRP concentration 1.09, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.13) and former smokers (1.09, 1.04 to 1.14) was observed, but not for never smokers (P<0.01 for interaction). This association was strong and consistent across all histological subtypes, except for adenocarcinoma, which was not strongly associated with hsCRP concentration regardless of smoking status (odds ratio for adenocarcinoma overall 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.94 to 1.01). The association between circulating hsCRP concentration and the risk of lung cancer was strongest in the first two years of follow-up for former and current smokers. Including hsCRP concentration in a risk model, in addition to smoking based variables, did not improve risk discrimination overall, but slightly improved discrimination for cancers diagnosed in the first two years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Former and current smokers with higher circulating hsCRP concentrations had a higher risk of lung cancer overall. Circulating hsCRP concentration was not associated with the risk of lung adenocarcinoma. Circulating hsCRP concentration could be a prediagnostic marker of lung cancer rather than a causal risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Muller
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Tricia L Larose
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- KG Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Allison Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Florence Guida
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Judith Hoffman Bolton
- George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Kristian Hveem
- KG Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Science in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Laboratory Medicine Region Skåne, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Torino, Italy
- Centre de Recherche en Epidemiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP) UMR1018 Inserm, Facultés de Médicine Université Paris-Saclay, UPS, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Nybo M, Cadamuro J, Cornes MP, Gómez Rioja R, Grankvist K. Sample transportation – an overview. Diagnosis (Berl) 2018; 6:39-43. [DOI: 10.1515/dx-2018-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Transportation of blood samples is a major part of the preanalytical pathway and can be crucial in delaying laboratory results to the clinicians. A variety of aspects however makes sample transportation a complex, challenging and often overlooked task that needs thorough planning and dedicated resources. The purpose of this review is to outline the options available for this task and to emphasize the preanalytical aspects that need consideration in this process, e.g. performance specifications for sample transportation as stated in ISO standards 15189 and 20658, quality control of automated transportation systems, monitoring of sample integrity parameters and temperature surveillance in general and for external samplers in particular. All these are tasks that the laboratory must assure on a daily basis in terms of continuous quality control, and simultaneously the laboratory must remain alert to alterations in clinical demands (sample frequency, turn-around-times) and new regulations within this area (e.g. the recent General Data Protection Regulation from the EU).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Nybo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology , Odense University Hospital , Sdr. Boulevard 29 , Odense 5000 , Denmark
| | - Janne Cadamuro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , Paracelsus Medical University , Salzburg , Austria
| | - Michael P. Cornes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry , Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust , Worcester , UK
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
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Larose TL, Guida F, Fanidi A, Langhammer A, Kveem K, Stevens VL, Jacobs EJ, Smith-Warner SA, Giovannucci E, Albanes D, Weinstein SJ, Freedman ND, Prentice R, Pettinger M, Thomson CA, Cai Q, Wu J, Blot WJ, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Haiman CA, Zhang X, Stampfer MJ, Hodge AM, Giles GG, Severi G, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Wang R, Yuan JM, Gao YT, Koh WP, Shu XO, Zheng W, Xiang YB, Li H, Lan Q, Visvanathan K, Hoffman Bolton J, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Caporaso N, Purdue M, Sesso HD, Buring JE, Lee IM, Gaziano JM, Manjer J, Brunnström H, Brennan P, Johansson M. Circulating cotinine concentrations and lung cancer risk in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:1760-1771. [PMID: 29901778 PMCID: PMC6280953 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-reported smoking is the principal measure used to assess lung cancer risk in epidemiological studies. We evaluated if circulating cotinine-a nicotine metabolite and biomarker of recent tobacco exposure-provides additional information on lung cancer risk. Methods The study was conducted in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3) involving 20 prospective cohort studies. Pre-diagnostic serum cotinine concentrations were measured in one laboratory on 5364 lung cancer cases and 5364 individually matched controls. We used conditional logistic regression to evaluate the association between circulating cotinine and lung cancer, and assessed if cotinine provided additional risk-discriminative information compared with self-reported smoking (smoking status, smoking intensity, smoking duration), using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results We observed a strong positive association between cotinine and lung cancer risk for current smokers [odds ratio (OR ) per 500 nmol/L increase in cotinine (OR500): 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32-1.47]. Cotinine concentrations consistent with active smoking (≥115 nmol/L) were common in former smokers (cases: 14.6%; controls: 9.2%) and rare in never smokers (cases: 2.7%; controls: 0.8%). Former and never smokers with cotinine concentrations indicative of active smoking (≥115 nmol/L) also showed increased lung cancer risk. For current smokers, the risk-discriminative performance of cotinine combined with self-reported smoking (AUCintegrated: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.68-0.71) yielded a small improvement over self-reported smoking alone (AUCsmoke: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.64-0.68) (P = 1.5x10-9). Conclusions Circulating cotinine concentrations are consistently associated with lung cancer risk for current smokers and provide additional risk-discriminative information compared with self-report smoking alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia L Larose
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Florence Guida
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Anouar Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kristian Kveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric J Jacobs
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ross Prentice
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Qiuyin Cai
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William J Blot
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health, and Environmental Medicine
| | | | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Torino, Piedmont, Italy
- Centre de Recherche en Epidemiologie et Saé des Populations (CESP) UMR1018 Inserm, Facultés de Médicine Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Renwei Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglan Li
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- George W. Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Judith Hoffman Bolton
- George W. Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Department of Epidemiology
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Epidemiology
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Laboratory Medicine Region Skåne, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Willman B, Grankvist K, Bölenius K. Evaluation of the clinical implementation of a large-scale online e-learning program on venous blood specimen collection guideline practices. Clin Chem Lab Med 2018; 56:1870-1877. [PMID: 29750640 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When performed erroneously, the venous blood specimen collection (VBSC) practice steps patient identification, test request management and test tube labeling are at high risk to jeopardize patient safety. VBSC educational programs with the intention to minimize risk of harm to patients are therefore needed. In this study, we evaluate the efficiency of a large-scale online e-learning program on personnel's adherence to VBSC practices and their experience of the e-learning program. METHODS An interprofessional team transformed an implemented traditional VBSC education program to an online e-learning program developed to stimulate reflection with focus on the high-risk practice steps. We used questionnaires to evaluate the effect of the e-learning program on personnel's self-reported adherence to VBSC practices compared to questionnaire surveys before and after introduction of the traditional education program. We used content analysis to evaluate the participants free text experience of the VBSC e-learning program. RESULTS Adherence to the VBSC guideline high-risk practice steps generally increased following the implementation of a traditional educational program followed by an e-learning program. We however found a negative trend over years regarding participation rates and the practice to always send/sign the request form following the introduction of an electronic request system. The participants were in general content with the VBSC e-learning program. CONCLUSIONS Properly designed e-learning programs on VBSC practices supersedes traditional educational programs in usefulness and functionality. Inclusion of questionnaires in the e-learning program is necessary for follow-up of VBSC participant's practices and educational program efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Willman
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Bölenius
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Phone: +46 90 786 9115
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40
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Grankvist K, Sigthorsson G, Kristensen GB, Pelanti J, Nybo M. Status on fasting definition for blood sampling in the Nordic countries - time for a harmonized definition. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2018; 78:591-594. [PMID: 30338721 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2018.1528503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The preanalytical phase contains a vast number of practices whose variation may influence the results of laboratory testing and should, therefore, be standardized. The Working Group on Preanalytical Phase of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM WG-PA) has suggested a standardization of venous blood specimen collection (VBSC) requirements for fasting samples including 12 h fasting time and water ad lib in the morning prior to specimen collection. The Nordic Scientific Preanalytical Working Group investigated the fasting definitions used in the Nordic countries. The Internet was assessed for stated fasting definitions of official organizations, larger laboratories, or laboratory groups. Fasting instructions for VBSC generally demanded patients to abstain from alcohol a day prior to, and to abstain from coffee, tea, smoking, and snuff intake in the morning of VBSC. Norway had a national fasting definition. Required fasting times varied from 8 to 14 h. The amount of water allowed in the morning of VBSC varied from ad lib to half a glass of water. The list of analytes, where fasting was required, held 9-15 analytes except for Finland with 65 analytes. Implementation of the EFLM WG-PRE standardization of VBSC requirements for fasting samples would decrease preanalytical variability and be beneficial for medical decisions and patient data comparison. We suggest the laboratories in the Nordic countries to implement the suggested fasting requirements, which are in line with those used when fasting reference intervals were established in the Nordic reference interval project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Grankvist
- a Department of Medical Biosciences , Clinical Chemistry Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Gudmundur Sigthorsson
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Landspitali University Hospital , Reykjavik , Iceland
| | - Gunn B Kristensen
- c Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus) , Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital , Bergen , Norway
| | | | - Mads Nybo
- e Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology , Odense University Hospital , Odense , Denmark
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41
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Cornes M, Ibarz M, Ivanov H, Grankvist K. Blood sampling guidelines with focus on patient safety and identification – a review. Diagnosis (Berl) 2018; 6:33-37. [DOI: 10.1515/dx-2018-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
It has been well documented over recent years that the preanalytical phase is a leading contributor to errors in the total testing process (TTP). There has however been great progress made in recent years due to the exponential growth of working groups specialising in the field. Patient safety is clearly at the forefront of any healthcare system and any reduction in errors at any stage will improve patient safety. Venous blood collection is a key step in the TTP, and here we review the key errors that occur in venous phlebotomy process and summarise the evidence around their significance to patient safety. Recent studies have identified that patient identification and tube labelling are the steps that carry the highest risk with regard to patient safety. Other studies have shown that in 16.1% of cases, patient identification is incorrectly performed and that 56% of patient identification errors are due to poor labelling practice. We recommend that patient identification must be done using open questions and ideally three separate pieces of information. Labelling of the tube or linking the identity of the patient to the tube label electronically must be done in the presence of the patient whether it is before or after sampling. Combined this will minimise any chance of patient misidentification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cornes
- Clinical Chemistry Department , Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust , Worcester , UK , Phone: +44-1905-760843
| | - Mercedes Ibarz
- Laboratory Medicine Department , University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida , Lleida , Spain
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences , Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University , Umea , Sweden
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42
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Guida F, Sun N, Bantis LE, Muller DC, Li P, Taguchi A, Dhillon D, Kundnani DL, Patel NJ, Yan Q, Byrnes G, Moons KGM, Tjønneland A, Panico S, Agnoli C, Vineis P, Palli D, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Peeters PH, Agudo A, Huerta JM, Dorronsoro M, Barranco MR, Ardanaz E, Travis RC, Byrne KS, Boeing H, Steffen A, Kaaks R, Hüsing A, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, La Vecchia C, Severi G, Boutron-Ruault MC, Sandanger TM, Weiderpass E, Nøst TH, Tsilidis K, Riboli E, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Goodman GE, Feng Z, Brennan P, Johansson M, Hanash SM. Assessment of Lung Cancer Risk on the Basis of a Biomarker Panel of Circulating Proteins. JAMA Oncol 2018; 4:e182078. [PMID: 30003238 PMCID: PMC6233784 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.2078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance There is an urgent need to improve lung cancer risk assessment because current screening criteria miss a large proportion of cases. Objective To investigate whether a lung cancer risk prediction model based on a panel of selected circulating protein biomarkers can outperform a traditional risk prediction model and current US screening criteria. Design, Setting, and Participants Prediagnostic samples from 108 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer diagnosed within 1 year after blood collection and samples from 216 smoking-matched controls from the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) cohort were used to develop a biomarker risk score based on 4 proteins (cancer antigen 125 [CA125], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA], cytokeratin-19 fragment [CYFRA 21-1], and the precursor form of surfactant protein B [Pro-SFTPB]). The biomarker score was subsequently validated blindly using absolute risk estimates among 63 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer diagnosed within 1 year after blood collection and 90 matched controls from 2 large European population-based cohorts, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS). Main Outcomes and Measures Model validity in discriminating between future lung cancer cases and controls. Discrimination estimates were weighted to reflect the background populations of EPIC and NSHDS validation studies (area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve [AUC], sensitivity, and specificity). Results In the validation study of 63 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer and 90 matched controls (mean [SD] age, 57.7 [8.7] years; 68.6% men) from EPIC and NSHDS, an integrated risk prediction model that combined smoking exposure with the biomarker score yielded an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.90) compared with 0.73 (95% CI, 0.64-0.82) for a model based on smoking exposure alone (P = .003 for difference in AUC). At an overall specificity of 0.83, based on the US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria, the sensitivity of the integrated risk prediction (biomarker) model was 0.63 compared with 0.43 for the smoking model. Conversely, at an overall sensitivity of 0.42, based on the US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria, the integrated risk prediction model yielded a specificity of 0.95 compared with 0.86 for the smoking model. Conclusions and Relevance This study provided a proof of principle in showing that a panel of circulating protein biomarkers may improve lung cancer risk assessment and may be used to define eligibility for computed tomography screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Guida
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Leonidas E Bantis
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - David C Muller
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peng Li
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Laboratory of Population Health, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Dilsher Dhillon
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Deepali L Kundnani
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Nikul J Patel
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Qingxiang Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Graham Byrnes
- Environment and Radiation Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Karel G M Moons
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Unit of Diet, Genes, and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-Istituto per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica, Florence, Italy
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutirition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and Biodonostia Research Institute-CIBERESP, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodriguez Barranco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
- Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology, Prevention, and Promotion Health Service, Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Smith Byrne
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke
| | - Annika Steffen
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Divison of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Anika Hüsing
- Divison of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Universtiy of Tromsø, Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Universtiy of Tromsø, Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Therese H Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Universtiy of Tromsø, Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø
| | - Kostas Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gary E Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ziding Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Samir M Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
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43
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Ferreiro-Iglesias A, Lesseur C, McKay J, Hung RJ, Han Y, Zong X, Christiani D, Johansson M, Xiao X, Li Y, Qian DC, Ji X, Liu G, Caporaso N, Scelo G, Zaridze D, Mukeriya A, Kontic M, Ognjanovic S, Lissowska J, Szołkowska M, Swiatkowska B, Janout V, Holcatova I, Bolca C, Savic M, Ognjanovic M, Bojesen SE, Wu X, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Tardon A, Fernandez-Somoano A, Fernandez-Tardon G, Le Marchand L, Rennert G, Chen C, Doherty J, Goodman G, Bickeböller H, Wichmann HE, Risch A, Rosenberger A, Shen H, Dai J, Field JK, Davies M, Woll P, Teare MD, Kiemeney LA, van der Heijden EHFM, Yuan JM, Hong YC, Haugen A, Zienolddiny S, Lam S, Tsao MS, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Schabath MB, Andrew A, Duell E, Melander O, Brunnström H, Lazarus P, Arnold S, Slone S, Byun J, Kamal A, Zhu D, Landi MT, Amos CI, Brennan P. Fine mapping of MHC region in lung cancer highlights independent susceptibility loci by ethnicity. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3927. [PMID: 30254314 PMCID: PMC6156406 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05890-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The basis for associations between lung cancer and major histocompatibility complex genes is not completely understood. Here the authors further consider genetic variation within the MHC region in lung cancer patients and identify independent associations within HLA genes that explain MHC lung cancer associations in Europeans and Asian populations. Lung cancer has several genetic associations identified within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC); although the basis for these associations remains elusive. Here, we analyze MHC genetic variation among 26,044 lung cancer patients and 20,836 controls densely genotyped across the MHC, using the Illumina Illumina OncoArray or Illumina 660W SNP microarray. We impute sequence variation in classical HLA genes, fine-map MHC associations for lung cancer risk with major histologies and compare results between ethnicities. Independent and novel associations within HLA genes are identified in Europeans including amino acids in the HLA-B*0801 peptide binding groove and an independent HLA-DQB1*06 loci group. In Asians, associations are driven by two independent HLA allele sets that both increase risk in HLA-DQB1*0401 and HLA-DRB1*0701; the latter better represented by the amino acid Ala-104. These results implicate several HLA–tumor peptide interactions as the major MHC factor modulating lung cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Ferreiro-Iglesias
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 cedex 08, France
| | - Corina Lesseur
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 cedex 08, France
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 cedex 08, France
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Younghun Han
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Xuchen Zong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - David Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 cedex 08, France
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Yafang Li
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - David C Qian
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Xuemei Ji
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-9768, MD, USA
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 cedex 08, France
| | - David Zaridze
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Anush Mukeriya
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
| | | | - Simona Ognjanovic
- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research, Belgrade, 11070, Serbia
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- M. Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center, Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, 02-034, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szołkowska
- Department of Pathology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warsaw, 01-138, Poland
| | - Beata Swiatkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, 91-348, Poland
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Olomouc, Olomouc, 701 03, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Prague, CZ 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ciprian Bolca
- Institute of Pneumology "Marius Nasta", Bucharest, RO-050159, Romania
| | - Milan Savic
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Clinical Center of Serbia Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Miodrag Ognjanovic
- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research, Belgrade, 11070, Serbia
| | - Stig Egil Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, 2730, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2730, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2730, Denmark
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-9768, MD, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 37232-4682, TA, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Faculty of Medicine, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | | | | | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, 96813, HI, USA
| | - Gadi Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, 3525433, Israel
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98109, WA, USA
| | | | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, D-85764, Germany.,Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Epidemiology 2, Munich, D-85764, Germany.,Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, D-80333, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, 5020, Austria.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, 69121, Germany
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - John K Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 9TA, UK
| | - Michael Davies
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 9TA, UK
| | - Penella Woll
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - M Dawn Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University Of Sheffield, England, S1 4DA, UK
| | | | | | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, N-0033, Norway
| | | | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 85, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 85, Sweden
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA
| | - Angeline Andrew
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Eric Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, 221 00, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Laboratory Medicine Region Skåne, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pathology, Lund University, Lund, 221 00, Sweden
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, 99202, WA, USA
| | - Susanne Arnold
- University of Kentucky, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, 40536-0098, KY, USA
| | - Stacey Slone
- University of Kentucky, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, 40536-0098, KY, USA
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Ahsan Kamal
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Dakai Zhu
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-9768, MD, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 cedex 08, France.
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44
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Ji X, Bossé Y, Landi MT, Gui J, Xiao X, Qian D, Joubert P, Lamontagne M, Li Y, Gorlov I, de Biasi M, Han Y, Gorlova O, Hung RJ, Wu X, McKay J, Zong X, Carreras-Torres R, Christiani DC, Caporaso N, Johansson M, Liu G, Bojesen SE, Le Marchand L, Albanes D, Bickeböller H, Aldrich MC, Bush WS, Tardon A, Rennert G, Chen C, Teare MD, Field JK, Kiemeney LA, Lazarus P, Haugen A, Lam S, Schabath MB, Andrew AS, Shen H, Hong YC, Yuan JM, Bertazzi PA, Pesatori AC, Ye Y, Diao N, Su L, Zhang R, Brhane Y, Leighl N, Johansen JS, Mellemgaard A, Saliba W, Haiman C, Wilkens L, Fernandez-Somoano A, Fernandez-Tardon G, van der Heijden EHFM, Kim JH, Dai J, Hu Z, Davies MPA, Marcus MW, Brunnström H, Manjer J, Melander O, Muller DC, Overvad K, Trichopoulou A, Tumino R, Doherty J, Goodman GE, Cox A, Taylor F, Woll P, Brüske I, Manz J, Muley T, Risch A, Rosenberger A, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Shepherd F, Tsao MS, Arnold SM, Haura EB, Bolca C, Holcatova I, Janout V, Kontic M, Lissowska J, Mukeria A, Ognjanovic S, Orlowski TM, Scelo G, Swiatkowska B, Zaridze D, Bakke P, Skaug V, Zienolddiny S, Duell EJ, Butler LM, Koh WP, Gao YT, Houlston R, McLaughlin J, Stevens V, Nickle DC, Obeidat M, Timens W, Zhu B, Song L, Artigas MS, Tobin MD, Wain LV, Gu F, Byun J, Kamal A, Zhu D, Tyndale RF, Wei WQ, Chanock S, Brennan P, Amos CI. Identification of susceptibility pathways for the role of chromosome 15q25.1 in modifying lung cancer risk. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3221. [PMID: 30104567 PMCID: PMC6089967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified the chromosome 15q25.1 locus as a leading susceptibility region for lung cancer. However, the pathogenic pathways, through which susceptibility SNPs within chromosome 15q25.1 affects lung cancer risk, have not been explored. We analyzed three cohorts with GWAS data consisting 42,901 individuals and lung expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data on 409 individuals to identify and validate the underlying pathways and to investigate the combined effect of genes from the identified susceptibility pathways. The KEGG neuroactive ligand receptor interaction pathway, two Reactome pathways, and 22 Gene Ontology terms were identified and replicated to be significantly associated with lung cancer risk, with P values less than 0.05 and FDR less than 0.1. Functional annotation of eQTL analysis results showed that the neuroactive ligand receptor interaction pathway and gated channel activity were involved in lung cancer risk. These pathways provide important insights for the etiology of lung cancer.
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Grants
- P30 CA023108 NCI NIH HHS
- P30 CA076292 NCI NIH HHS
- U01 CA063464 NCI NIH HHS
- P50 CA070907 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 CA111703 NCI NIH HHS
- UM1 CA182876 NCI NIH HHS
- UL1 TR000117 NCATS NIH HHS
- P20 CA090578 NCI NIH HHS
- U19 CA148127 NCI NIH HHS
- P20 GM103534 NIGMS NIH HHS
- UL1 TR000445 NCATS NIH HHS
- R01 LM012012 NLM NIH HHS
- R01 CA092824 NCI NIH HHS
- R35 CA197449 NCI NIH HHS
- UM1 CA164973 NCI NIH HHS
- U01 CA167462 NCI NIH HHS
- U19 CA203654 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 CA144034 NCI NIH HHS
- P20 RR018787 NCRR NIH HHS
- S10 RR025141 NCRR NIH HHS
- R01 CA074386 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 CA176568 NCI NIH HHS
- K07 CA172294 NCI NIH HHS
- P50 CA119997 NCI NIH HHS
- G0902313 Medical Research Council
- R01 CA063464 NCI NIH HHS
- P01 CA033619 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 HL133786 NHLBI NIH HHS
- P30 CA177558 NCI NIH HHS
- P50 CA090578 NCI NIH HHS
- U01 HG004798 NHGRI NIH HHS
- R01 CA151989 NCI NIH HHS
- 001 World Health Organization
- 202849/Z/16/Z Wellcome Trust
- UM1 CA167462 NCI NIH HHS
- U01 CA164973 NCI NIH HHS
- This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) for the research of lung cancer (grant P30CA023108, P20GM103534 and R01LM012012); Trandisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung (TRICL) (grant U19CA148127); UICC American Cancer Society Beginning Investigators Fellowship funded by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) (to X.Ji). CAPUA study. This work was supported by FIS-FEDER/Spain grant numbers FIS-01/310, FIS-PI03-0365, and FIS-07-BI060604, FICYT/Asturias grant numbers FICYT PB02-67 and FICYT IB09-133, and the University Institute of Oncology (IUOPA), of the University of Oviedo and the Ciber de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública. CIBERESP, SPAIN. The work performed in the CARET study was supported by the The National Institute of Health / National Cancer Institute: UM1 CA167462 (PI: Goodman), National Institute of Health UO1-CA6367307 (PIs Omen, Goodman); National Institute of Health R01 CA111703 (PI Chen), National Institute of Health 5R01 CA151989-01A1(PI Doherty). The Liverpool Lung project is supported by the Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation. The Harvard Lung Cancer Study was supported by the NIH (National Cancer Institute) grants CA092824, CA090578, CA074386 The Multiethnic Cohort Study was partially supported by NIH Grants CA164973, CA033619, CA63464 and CA148127 The work performed in MSH-PMH study was supported by The Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute (020214), Ontario Institute of Cancer and Cancer Care Ontario Chair Award to R.J.H. and G.L. and the Alan Brown Chair and Lusi Wong Programs at the Princess Margaret Hospital Foundation. NJLCS was funded by the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (81230067), the National Key Basic Research Program Grant (2011CB503805), the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81390543). Norway study was supported by Norwegian Cancer Society, Norwegian Research Council The Shanghai Cohort Study (SCS) was supported by National Institutes of Health R01 CA144034 (PI: Yuan) and UM1 CA182876 (PI: Yuan). The Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS) was supported by National Institutes of Health R01 CA144034 (PI: Yuan) and UM1 CA182876 (PI: Yuan). The work in TLC study has been supported in part the James & Esther King Biomedical Research Program (09KN-15), National Institutes of Health Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPORE) Grant (P50 CA119997), and by a Cancer Center Support Grant (CCSG) at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, an NCI designated Comprehensive Cancer Center (grant number P30-CA76292) The Vanderbilt Lung Cancer Study – BioVU dataset used for the analyses described was obtained from Vanderbilt University Medical Center’s BioVU, which is supported by institutional funding, the 1S10RR025141-01 instrumentation award, and by the Vanderbilt CTSA grant UL1TR000445 from NCATS/NIH. Dr. Aldrich was supported by NIH/National Cancer Institute K07CA172294 (PI: Aldrich) and Dr. Bush was supported by NHGRI/NIH U01HG004798 (PI: Crawford). The Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS) was supported by the Chief Physician Johan Boserup and Lise Boserup Fund, the Danish Medical Research Council and Herlev Hospital. The NELCS study: Grant Number P20RR018787 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The MDACC study was supported in part by grants from the NIH (P50 CA070907, R01 CA176568) (to X. Wu), Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas (RP130502) (to X. Wu), and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center institutional support for the Center for Translational and Public Health Genomics. The study in Lodz center was partially funded by Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, under task NIOM 10.13: Predictors of mortality from non-small cell lung cancer - field study. Kentucky Lung Cancer Research Initiative was supported by the Department of Defense [Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Program] under award number: 10153006 (W81XWH-11-1-0781). Views and opinions of, and endorsements by the author(s) do not reflect those of the US Army or the Department of Defense. This research was also supported by unrestricted infrastructure funds from the UK Center for Clinical and Translational Science, NIH grant UL1TR000117 and Markey Cancer Center NCI Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA177558) Shared Resource Facilities: Cancer Research Informatics, Biospecimen and Tissue Procurement, and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics. The Resource for the Study of Lung Cancer Epidemiology in North Trent (ReSoLuCENT) study was funded by the Sheffield Hospitals Charity, Sheffield Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and Weston Park Hospital Cancer Charity. FT was supported by a clinical PhD fellowship funded by the Yorkshire Cancer Research/Cancer Research UK Sheffield Cancer Centre. The authors would like to thank the staff at the Respiratory Health Network Tissue Bank of the FRQS for their valuable assistance with the lung eQTL dataset at Laval University. The lung eQTL study at Laval University was supported by the Fondation de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, the Respiratory Health Network of the FRQS, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP - 123369). Y.B. holds a Canada Research Chair in Genomics of Heart and Lung Diseases. The research undertaken by M.D.T., L.V.W. and M.S.A. was partly funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. M.D.T. holds a Medical Research Council Senior Clinical Fellowship (G0902313).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Ji
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Jiang Gui
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - David Qian
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Philippe Joubert
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Maxime Lamontagne
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Yafang Li
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Mariella de Biasi
- Annenberg School of Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | - Younghun Han
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Olga Gorlova
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 3L9, Canada
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Xuchen Zong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 3L9, Canada
| | - Robert Carreras-Torres
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 3L9, Canada
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Herlev 2730, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200 København N, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Ringvej 75, Copenhagen, Herlev 2730, Denmark
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, 96813, HI, USA
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 37203, TN, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 37203, TN, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, 44106, OH, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Campus del Cristo s/n, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, 34361, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, 34361, Israel
| | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98109, WA, USA
| | - M Dawn Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, 6525 EZ, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, 99210-1495, WA, USA
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, 0033, Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151 742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - Pier A Bertazzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20133, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Angela C Pesatori
- Department of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20133, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Nancy Diao
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Yonathan Brhane
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 3L9, Canada
| | - Natasha Leighl
- University Health Network-The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Jakob S Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2730, Denmark
| | - Anders Mellemgaard
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2730, Denmark
| | - Walid Saliba
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, 34361, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, 34361, Israel
| | - Christopher Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, 96813, HI, USA
| | - Ana Fernandez-Somoano
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Campus del Cristo s/n, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Campus del Cristo s/n, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Erik H F M van der Heijden
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, 6525 EZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Michael P A Davies
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Michael W Marcus
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Pathology, Lund University, Lund, 222 41, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
| | - David C Muller
- School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Kim Overvad
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, "Civic-M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP, Ragusa, 97100, Italy
| | - Jennifer Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98109-1024, WA, USA
| | - Gary E Goodman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98109-1024, WA, USA
- Swedish Medical Group, Arnold Pavilion, Suite 200, Seattle, 98104, WA, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Fiona Taylor
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Penella Woll
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Irene Brüske
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Judith Manz
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69126, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 85, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 85, Sweden
| | | | | | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, First Floor, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, 40508, KY, USA
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, KY, USA
| | - Ciprian Bolca
- Institute of Pneumology "Marius Nasta", Bucharest, RO-050159, Romania
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, Prague, 121 08 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, Prague, 121 08 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Milica Kontic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Pulmonology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, 02-781, Poland
| | - Anush Mukeria
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Simona Ognjanovic
- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research, Belgrade, 11070, Serbia
| | - Tadeusz M Orlowski
- Department of Surgery, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warsaw, PL-01-138, Poland
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Beata Swiatkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, 91-348, Poland
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Vidar Skaug
- National Institute of Occupational Health, 0033, Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- National Institute of Occupational Health, 0033, Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Lesley M Butler
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 2200, China
| | | | | | | | - David C Nickle
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, 02115-5727, MA, USA
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6Z 1Y6, BC, Canada
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NL - 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Bin Zhu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Lei Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Louise V Wain
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Fangyi Gu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Ahsan Kamal
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Dakai Zhu
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA
| | - Rachel F Tyndale
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 1R8, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, M6J 1H4, ON, Canada
| | - Wei-Qi Wei
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, 03750, NH, USA.
- The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 77030, TX, USA.
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Abstract
SummaryTo investigate pituitary effects on the vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, female rats were hypophysectomized (hypox) and treated with growth hormone (GH), cortisone, thyroxine, vitamin K, or saline. After 11 days of treatment, the prothrombin time, platelet count, and factors II, VII, IX, and X were determined. The prothrombin time was 52.9 ± 1.2% for control rats and 39.1 ± 0.8% for hypox rats (mean ± SEM; p<0.001). All factors decreased after hypophysectomy, reaching significance for factor VII (from 264 ± 23% to 131 ± 9%; p <0.001) and factor IX (from 28.4 ± 2.2% to 17.1 ± 2.5%; p<0.01) while the platelet count was unaffected. When hypox rats were treated with GH, the prothrombin time increased to 50.9 ± 1.0% (p <0.001) and factor VII to 299 ± 10% (p<0.001). Factor II, IX, and X were slightly increased after GH substitution but not after cortisone, thyroxine, or vitamin K treatment. To summarize, GH is of importance for normal hemostasis in the female rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S G Sävendahl
- The Department of Pediatrics, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Grankvist
- The Department of Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K G Engström
- The Department of Histologym and Cell Biology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
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46
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Theofylaktopoulou D, Midttun Ø, Ueland PM, Meyer K, Fanidi A, Zheng W, Shu XO, Xiang YB, Prentice R, Pettinger M, Thomson CA, Giles GG, Hodge A, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Wu J, Johansson M, Hultdin J, Grankvist K, Stevens VL, McCullough MM, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Ziegler R, Freedman ND, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Næss M, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Lee IM, Severi G, Zhang X, Stampfer MJ, Han J, Smith-Warner SA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, le Marchand L, Yuan JM, Wang R, Butler LM, Koh WP, Gao YT, Rothman N, Ericson U, Sonestedt E, Visvanathan K, Jones MR, Relton C, Brennan P, Johansson M, Ulvik A. Impaired functional vitamin B6 status is associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2425-2434. [PMID: 29238985 PMCID: PMC5908731 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Circulating vitamin B6 levels have been found to be inversely associated with lung cancer. Most studies have focused on the B6 form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), a direct biomarker influenced by inflammation and other factors. Using a functional B6 marker allows further investigation of the potential role of vitamin B6 status in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. We prospectively evaluated the association of the functional marker of vitamin B6 status, the 3-hydroxykynurenine:xanthurenic acid (HK:XA) ratio, with risk of lung cancer in a nested case-control study consisting of 5,364 matched case-control pairs from the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). We used conditional logistic regression to evaluate the association between HK:XA and lung cancer, and random effect models to combine results from different cohorts and regions. High levels of HK:XA, indicating impaired functional B6 status, were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, the odds ratio comparing the fourth and the first quartiles (OR4thvs.1st ) was 1.25 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.41). Stratified analyses indicated that this association was primarily driven by cases diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. Notably, the risk associated with HK:XA was approximately 50% higher in groups with a high relative frequency of squamous cell carcinoma, i.e., men, former and current smokers. This risk of squamous cell carcinoma was present in both men and women regardless of smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Per M. Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Anouar Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ross Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Cynthia A. Thomson
- Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Allison Hodge
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - William J. Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Hultdin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Stephanie J. Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Regina Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Næss
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Julie E. Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy
- CESP (U1018 INSERM), Facultés de médecine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meir J. Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Loic le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lesley M. Butler
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore and Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute; Rockville, USA
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of clinical sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of clinical sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Center, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Miranda R. Jones
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Center, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Caroline Relton
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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47
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Muller DC, Hodge AM, Fanidi A, Albanes D, Mai XM, Shu XO, Weinstein SJ, Larose TL, Zhang X, Han J, Stampfer MJ, Smith-Warner SA, Ma J, Gaziano JM, Sesso HD, Stevens VL, McCullough ML, Layne TM, Prentice R, Pettinger M, Thomson CA, Zheng W, Gao YT, Rothman N, Xiang YB, Cai H, Wang R, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Butler LM, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Wu J, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Johansson M, Hultdin J, Grankvist K, Arslan AA, Le Marchand L, Severi G, Johansson M, Brennan P. No association between circulating concentrations of vitamin D and risk of lung cancer: an analysis in 20 prospective studies in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Ann Oncol 2018; 29:1468-1475. [PMID: 29617726 PMCID: PMC6005063 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is observational evidence suggesting that high vitamin D concentrations may protect against lung cancer. To investigate this hypothesis in detail, we measured circulating vitamin D concentrations in prediagnostic blood from 20 cohorts participating in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Patients and methods The study included 5313 lung cancer cases and 5313 controls. Blood samples for the cases were collected, on average, 5 years before lung cancer diagnosis. Controls were individually matched to the cases by cohort, sex, age, race/ethnicity, date of blood collection, and smoking status in five categories. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used to separately analyze 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and their concentrations were combined to give an overall measure of 25(OH)D. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 25(OH)D as both continuous and categorical variables. Results Overall, no apparent association between 25(OH)D and risk of lung cancer was observed (multivariable adjusted OR for a doubling in concentration: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.06). Similarly, we found no clear evidence of interaction by cohort, sex, age, smoking status, or histology. Conclusion This study did not support an association between vitamin D concentrations and lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Muller
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - A M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - A Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - X M Mai
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - X O Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - S J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - T L Larose
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - X Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - J Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA; Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
| | - M J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - S A Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - J Ma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - J M Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Division of Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - H D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - V L Stevens
- Division of Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - M L McCullough
- Division of Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - T M Layne
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - R Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - M Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - C A Thomson
- Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - W Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Y T Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai
| | - N Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Y B Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - H Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - R Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - J M Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - W P Koh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L M Butler
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Q Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - W J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - J Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - P M Ueland
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - A Langhammer
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - K Hveem
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - M Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Hultdin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA; Department of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - L Le Marchand
- Department of Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - G Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Torino, Italy; Centre de Recherche en Epidemiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP) UMR1018 Inserm, Facultés de Médicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - M Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - P Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Li Y, Xiao X, Han Y, Gorlova O, Qian D, Leighl N, Johansen JS, Barnett M, Chen C, Goodman G, Cox A, Taylor F, Woll P, Wichmann HE, Manz J, Muley T, Risch A, Rosenberger A, Arnold SM, Haura EB, Bolca C, Holcatova I, Janout V, Kontic M, Lissowska J, Mukeria A, Ognjanovic S, Orlowski TM, Scelo G, Swiatkowska B, Zaridze D, Bakke P, Skaug V, Zienolddiny S, Duell EJ, Butler LM, Houlston R, Soler Artigas M, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Shepherd FA, Marcus MW, Brunnström H, Manjer J, Melander O, Muller DC, Overvad K, Trichopoulou A, Tumino R, Liu G, Bojesen SE, Wu X, Marchand LL, Albanes D, Bickeböller H, Aldrich MC, Bush WS, Tardon A, Rennert G, Teare MD, Field JK, Kiemeney LA, Lazarus P, Haugen A, Lam S, Schabath MB, Andrew AS, Bertazzi PA, Pesatori AC, Christiani DC, Caporaso N, Johansson M, McKay JD, Brennan P, Hung RJ, Amos CI. Genome-wide interaction study of smoking behavior and non-small cell lung cancer risk in Caucasian population. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:336-346. [PMID: 29059373 PMCID: PMC6248554 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer. Both environmental and genetic risk factors contribute to lung carcinogenesis. We conducted a genome-wide interaction analysis between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and smoking status (never- versus ever-smokers) in a European-descent population. We adopted a two-step analysis strategy in the discovery stage: we first conducted a case-only interaction analysis to assess the relationship between SNPs and smoking behavior using 13336 non-small cell lung cancer cases. Candidate SNPs with P-value <0.001 were further analyzed using a standard case-control interaction analysis including 13970 controls. The significant SNPs with P-value <3.5 × 10-5 (correcting for multiple tests) from the case-control analysis in the discovery stage were further validated using an independent replication dataset comprising 5377 controls and 3054 non-small cell lung cancer cases. We further stratified the analysis by histological subtypes. Two novel SNPs, rs6441286 and rs17723637, were identified for overall lung cancer risk. The interaction odds ratio and meta-analysis P-value for these two SNPs were 1.24 with 6.96 × 10-7 and 1.37 with 3.49 × 10-7, respectively. In addition, interaction of smoking with rs4751674 was identified in squamous cell lung carcinoma with an odds ratio of 0.58 and P-value of 8.12 × 10-7. This study is by far the largest genome-wide SNP-smoking interaction analysis reported for lung cancer. The three identified novel SNPs provide potential candidate biomarkers for lung cancer risk screening and intervention. The results from our study reinforce that gene-smoking interactions play important roles in the etiology of lung cancer and account for part of the missing heritability of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Li
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Younghun Han
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Olga Gorlova
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - David Qian
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Natasha Leighl
- Department of Medicine, The Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University
Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jakob S Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University
Hospital, Copenhagen University, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Matt Barnett
- Public Health Sciences Division, Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson
Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson
Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Cancer Prevention Program, Swedish Medical
Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield UK
| | - Fiona Taylor
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield UK
| | - Penella Woll
- Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield UK
| | - H -Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Judith Manz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Biobank and Tumor Documentation, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital
Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German
Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Biobank and Tumor Documentation, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital
Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German
Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology,
University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical School, Georg-August University
of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL,
USA
| | - Ciprian Bolca
- Thoracic Surgery Division, “Marius Nasta” National Institute of Pneumology,
București, Romania
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Milica Kontic
- Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Clinical Center of Serbia, University
of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Cancer
Center, Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Pol
| | - Anush Mukeria
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer
Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Simona Ognjanovic
- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research, Belgrade,
Serbia
| | - Tadeusz M Orlowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung
Diseases, Warsaw, Pol
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genetic Epidemiology
Group, Lyon, France
| | - Beata Swiatkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational
Medicine, Łódź, Pol
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer
Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar Skaug
- Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo,
Norway
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo,
Norway
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research
Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona,
Spain
| | - Lesley M Butler
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - María Soler Artigas
- Department of Health Sciences, Genetic Epidemiology Group, University of
Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, Leicester
Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Frances A Shepherd
- Medical Oncology Toronto, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON,
Canada
| | - Michael W Marcus
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of
Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö,
Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö,
Sweden
| | - David C Muller
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St
Mary’s Campus, London, UK
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University,
Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, University of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, CSPO (Cancer Research and
Prevention Centre), Scientific Institute of Tuscany, Florence, Italy
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G, Canada
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen
University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,
Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital,
Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center,
Houston, TX, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI,
USA
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August
University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt
University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Gad Rennert
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel
Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - M Dawn Teare
- Genetic Epidemiology, School of Health and Related Research, University of
Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John K Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool,
UK
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
EZ, Netherlands
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State
University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Aage Haugen
- Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo,
Norway
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre,
Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research
Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Epidemiology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College,
Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Pier Alberto Bertazzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Cà Granda Ospedale,
Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health–DISCCO, University of
Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela C Pesatori
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health–DISCCO, University of
Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA,
USA
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon,
France
| | - James D McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genetic Epidemiology
Group, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon,
France
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of
Toronto, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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49
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Zuo H, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Vollset SE, Tell GS, Theofylaktopoulou D, Travis RC, Boutron-Ruault MC, Fournier A, Severi G, Kvaskoff M, Boeing H, Bergmann MM, Fortner RT, Kaaks R, Trichopoulou A, Kotanidou A, Lagiou P, Palli D, Sieri S, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Agudo A, Garcia JRQ, Larranaga N, Sanchez MJ, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Chuang SC, Gallo V, Brennan P, Johansson M, Ulvik A. Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Link Vitamin B6 Catabolism and Lung Cancer Risk. Cancer Res 2018; 78:302-308. [PMID: 29070616 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Circulating pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) has been linked to lung cancer risk. The PAr index, defined as the ratio 4-pyridoxic acid/(pyridoxal + PLP), reflects increased vitamin B6 catabolism during inflammation. PAr has been defined as a marker of lung cancer risk in a prospective cohort study, but analysis of a larger numbers of cases are needed to deepen the significance of this study. Here, we conducted a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC, n = 521,330), which included 892 incident lung cancer cases and 1,748 controls matched by center, gender, date of blood collection, and date of birth. The association of PAr with risk of lung cancer was evaluated by using conditional logistic regression. Study participants with elevated PAr experienced higher risk of lung cancer in a dose-response fashion, with a doubling in PAr levels associated with 52% higher odds of lung cancer after adjustment for tobacco smoking, serum cotinine levels, educational attainment, and BMI [OR, 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-1.81; P < 0.001]. Additional adjustment for intake of vegetables and fruits and physical activity did not materially affect risk association. The association of PAr with lung cancer risk was similar in both genders but slightly stronger in former smokers and in participants diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. This study provides robust evidence that increased vitamin B6 catabolism is independently associated with a higher risk of future lung cancer.Significance: This large cohort study firmly establishes an association between an index of vitamin B6 levels with lung cancer risk. Cancer Res; 78(1); 302-8. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zuo
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Stein E Vollset
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Generations and health, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Agnès Fournier
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Generations and health, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Generations and health, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marina Kvaskoff
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Generations and health, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Manuela M Bergmann
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Via Venezian, Milano, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica Echirurgia Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Antonio Agudo
- Unic of Nutrition and Cancer, Cataln Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Nerea Larranaga
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Sanchez
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación, Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Valentina Gallo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Queen Mary, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Epidemiology and Medical Statistic Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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50
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Fanidi A, Muller DC, Yuan JM, Stevens VL, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Prentice R, Thomsen CA, Pettinger M, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Wu J, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, McCullough ML, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Haiman CA, Zhang X, Han J, Stampfer MJ, Smith-Warner SA, Giovannucci E, Giles GG, Hodge AM, Severi G, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Langhammer A, Krokstad S, Næss M, Wang R, Gao YT, Butler LM, Koh WP, Shu XO, Xiang YB, Li H, Zheng W, Lan Q, Visvanathan K, Bolton JH, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A, Caporaso NE, Purdue M, Ziegler RG, Freedman ND, Buring JE, Lee IM, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Manjer J, Ericson U, Relton C, Brennan P, Johansson M. Circulating Folate, Vitamin B6, and Methionine in Relation to Lung Cancer Risk in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). J Natl Cancer Inst 2018; 110:4049482. [PMID: 28922778 PMCID: PMC5989622 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating concentrations of B vitamins and factors related to one-carbon metabolism have been found to be strongly inversely associated with lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The extent to which these associations are present in other study populations is unknown. Methods Within 20 prospective cohorts from the National Cancer Institute Cohort Consortium, a nested case-control study was designed including 5364 incident lung cancer case patients and 5364 control subjects who were individually matched to case patients by age, sex, cohort, and smoking status. Centralized biochemical analyses were performed to measure circulating concentrations of vitamin B6, folate, and methionine, as well as cotinine as an indicator of recent tobacco exposure. The association between these biomarkers and lung cancer risk was evaluated using conditional logistic regression models. Results Participants with higher circulating concentrations of vitamin B6 and folate had a modestly decreased risk of lung cancer risk overall, the odds ratios when comparing the top and bottom fourths (OR 4vs1 ) being 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.78 to 1.00) and 0.86 (95% CI = 0.74 to 0.99), respectively. We found stronger associations among men (vitamin B6: OR 4vs1 = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.89; folate: OR 4vs1 = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61 to 0.93) and ever smokers (vitamin B6: OR 4vs1 = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.67 to 0.91; folate: OR 4vs1 = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.73 to 1.03). We further noted that the association of folate was restricted to Europe/Australia and Asia, whereas no clear association was observed for the United States. Circulating concentrations of methionine were not associated with lung cancer risk overall or in important subgroups. Conclusions Although confounding by tobacco exposure or reverse causation cannot be ruled out, these study results are compatible with a small decrease in lung cancer risk in ever smokers who avoid low concentrations of circulating folate and vitamin B6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David C Muller
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ross Prentice
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Cynthia A Thomsen
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - William J Blot
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jie Wu
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marjorie L McCullough
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jiali Han
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Graham G Giles
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marit Næss
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Renwei Wang
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lesley M Butler
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Honglan Li
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Wei Zheng
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Qing Lan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Judith Hoffman Bolton
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Øivind Midttun
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Arve Ulvik
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mark Purdue
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Julie E Buring
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - I-Min Lee
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Population Health and Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, and Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Molecular end Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy; Inserm (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France; Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden; HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Department of Epidemiology, George W Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention Health Monitoring Unit, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway; Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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