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Eid M, Zhu J, Ismail MA, Li B. Dual encapsulation and sequential release of cisplatin and vitamin E from soy polysaccharides and β-cyclodextrin bioadhesive hydrogel nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133240. [PMID: 38897521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Chemically cross-linked hydrogel nanoparticles (HGNPs) offer enhanced properties over their physical counterparts, particularly in drug delivery and cell encapsulation. This study applied pH-thermal dual responsive bio-adhesive HGNPs for dual complexation and enhanced the controlled release and bioavailability of cisplatin (CDDP) and Vitamin E (VE) drugs. The CDDP was loaded into the HGNPs via chemical conjugation with the carboxyl groups in the HGNPs surface by soy polysaccharides (SSPS). At the same time, the host-guest interaction complexed the VE through the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The HGNPs showed a uniform HGNPs size distribution of 90.77 ± 14.77 nm and 81.425 ± 13.21 nm before and after complexation, respectively. The FTIR, XRD, XPS, and zeta potential confirmed the conjugation. The cumulative release percent of CDDP reached 98 % at pH 1.2, while <45 % was released at pH 7.4. Our HGNPs enhance the incorporation of CDDP by substituting its chlorides with carboxyl groups of the SSPS; the loading of CDDP and VE was 15 ± 0.33 and 11.32 ± 0.25 wt%, respectively. Moreover, the CDDP and VE also released slower from the HGNPs at 25 °C than at 37 °C and 42 °C. The (VE/CDDP)-loaded HGNPs exhibited longer circulation time in vivo than free CDDP and free VE suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Eid
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, 13736 Qaliuobia, Egypt.
| | - Jingsong Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China
| | - Muhammad Asif Ismail
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, 1st Shizishan Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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2
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Wu Y, Chen X, Liao Q, Xiao N, Li Y, Huang Z, Xie S. Development of binderless fiberboard from poplar wood residue with Trametes hirsuta. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142638. [PMID: 38897320 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of agricultural and forestry residues for the development and preparation of green binderless fiberboard (BF) is an effective way to realize high-value utilization of lignocellulose biomass resources. This study focuses on the fabrication of BF with excellent mechanical and waterproof properties, utilizing poplar wood residue (PWR) as raw material and Trametes hirsuta as a pretreatment method. During the fermentation process, lignin-degrading enzymes and biological factors, such as sugars, were produced by T. hirsuta, which activated lignin by depolymerizing lignin bonds and modifying structural functional groups, and forming new covalent bonds between poplar fibers, ultimately enhancing adhesion. Additionally, the activated lignin molecules and sugar molecules coalesce under high temperatures and pressures, forming a dense carbonization layer that bolsters the mechanical properties of the fiberboard and effectively shields it from rapid water infiltration. The bio-pretreated BF for 10 days shows a MOR and MOE of up to 36.1 Mpa and 3704.3 Mpa, respectively, which is 261% and 247.8% higher than that of the bio-untreated fiberboard, and the water swelling ratio (WSR) rate is only 5.6%. Chemical composition analysis revealed that repolymerization occurred among lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, especially the molecular weight of lignin changed significantly, with the Mw of lignin increasing from 312066 g/mol to 892362 g/mol, and then decreasing to 825021 g/mol. Mn increased from 277790 g/mol to 316987.5 g/mol and then decreased to 283299.5 g/mol at 21 days. Compared to other artificial fiberboards prepared through microbial pretreatment, the BF prepared by microorganisms in this study exhibited the highest mechanical properties among the poplar wood biobased panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Microwave Manufacturing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
| | - Xianrui Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Microwave Manufacturing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Qingzhao Liao
- National Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Microwave Manufacturing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
| | - Ning Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Microwave Manufacturing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
| | - Yanming Li
- National Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Microwave Manufacturing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
| | - Zhimin Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Microwave Manufacturing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
| | - Shangxian Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Microwave Manufacturing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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3
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Li L, Liu X, Yang C, Li T, Wang W, Guo H, Lei Z. Synthesis of soybean soluble polysaccharide-based eco-friendly emulsions for soil erosion prevention and control. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130042. [PMID: 38342266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
This paper introduces the synthesis of an environmentally friendly emulsion that can be used as a soil anti-water erosion material. SSPS-g-P(BA-co-MMA-co-AA) emulsions were prepared using free radical copolymerization with soybean soluble polysaccharide (SSPS), acrylic acid (AA), butyl acrylate (BA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The structure, thermal stability, and morphology were characterized using FT-IR,TG,SEM, and particle diameter analysis. The resistance to water erosion, compressive strength and water retention of emulsion-treated loess/laterite was studied and germination tests were conducted. The results demonstrated that the duration of washout resistance of loess with 0.50 wt% emulsion exceeded 99 h, and the water erosion rate was 56.0 % after 72 h, while the water erosion rate of pure loess is 100.0 % after 4 min;the duration of washout resistance of laterite with 0.50 wt% emulsion exceeded 2 h, which was 8 times longer than pure laterite;The compressive strengths of 0.5 wt% emulsion-treated loess/laterite were 3.5 Mpa and 5.8 MPa, respectively, which were 7 and 9 times higher than that of pure soil. The plant seeds germinated normally half a month after planting. These findings suggest that emulsions can be used to control soil erosion without affecting the germination of plant seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Cailing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Tingli Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Weiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Haonian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ziqiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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4
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Xu ZX, Tan Y, Ma XQ, Li B, Chen YX, Zhang B, Osman SM, Luo JY, Luque R. Valorization of sewage sludge for facile and green wood bio-adhesives production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117421. [PMID: 37852465 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A method is presented herein for the design of wood bio-adhesives using sewage sludge extracts (SSE). SSE was extracted from SS using deep eutectic solvents and processed with glycerol triglycidyl ether (GTE) to disrupt the secondary structure of proteins. An additive was also used to improve mechanical performance. The resulting bio-adhesive (SSE/GTE@TA) had a wet shear strength of 0.93 MPa, meeting the Chinese national standard GB/T 9846-2015 (≥0.7 MPa). However, the high polysaccharide content in SSE would weaken the mechanical properties of wood bio-adhesives. The key to improve bio-adhesive quality was the formation of a strong chemical bond via Maillard reaction as well as higher temperatures (140 °C) to reduce polysaccharide content via dehydration. This approach has lower environmental impact and higher economic efficiency compared to incineration and anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. This work provides a new perspective on the high-value utilization of SS and offers a novel approach to developing bio-adhesives for the wood industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xue-Qin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yong-Xing Chen
- Zhoukou Normal University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wenchang Avenue, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jing-Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Rafael Luque
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; Universidad ECOTEC, Km. 13.5 Samborondón, Samborondón, EC092302, Ecuador.
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5
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Li Y, Wang S, Liu X, Zhao G, Yang L, Zhu L, Liu H. Improvement in texture and color of soy protein isolate gel containing capsorubin and carotenoid emulsions following microwave heating. Food Chem 2023; 428:136743. [PMID: 37441934 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microwave heating on the properties and pigment release of soybean protein isolate (SPI) emulsion gel and hydrogel were investigated. The properties of the samples were analyzed by rheology and texture. The results showed that the hardness of the emulsion gel was lower than that of the hydrogel, but the cohesiveness was the opposite. The hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between SPI and soybean soluble polysaccharide (SSPS) enhanced the thermal stability of the gel, and the enthalpy values were the lowest. In addition, a chroma meter was used to assess the slow-release effect of pigment, with results indicating that the emulsion gel was more red and yellow than the hydrogel; the values of a* and b* were reduced with the extension of heating time, indicating that the emulsion had a good protective effect on carotenoids and capsorubin, which was helpful to the application of the pigment in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Xiulin Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Guilan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Lina Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - He Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
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6
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Song J, Chen S, Zhang Q, Xi X, Lei H, Du G, Pizzi A. Preparation and characterization of the bonding performance of a starch-based water resistance adhesive by Schiff base reaction. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126254. [PMID: 37567545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Starch is one of the important raw materials for the preparation of biomass adhesives for its good viscosity and low-cost properties. However, the drawbacks of poor water resistance and bonding performance seriously restrict its application in the wood industry. To resolve those problems, an environment-friendly renewable, and high water resistance starch-based adhesive (OSTH) was prepared with oxidized starch and hexanediamine by Schiff base reaction. In order to optimize the adhesive preparation process, the effect of different oxidation times and oxidant addition on the mechanical performance of plywood were investigated. In addition, the curing behavior characteristics, thermomechanical properties, and thermal stability of the OSTH adhesives were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to explain the reaction mechanisms involved. The results show this adhesive has an excellent bonding performance at the oxidation time of 12 h with 11 % (w/w, dry starch basis) NaIO4 as an oxidant. The dry shear strength, 24-hour cold water, and 3-hour hot water (63 °C) soaking shear strength of the plywood bonded with this resin were respectively 1.87 MPa, 0.96 MPa, and 0.91 MPa, which satisfied the standard requirement of GB/T 9846-2015 (≥0.7 MPa). Thus, this study provided a potential strategy to prepare starch-based wood adhesives with good bonding performance and water resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Song
- College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China; International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China; International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Xuedong Xi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China; International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China.
| | - Hong Lei
- College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Guanben Du
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China; International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Antonio Pizzi
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 88051 Epinal, France
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Wen C, Zhang Z, Cao L, Liu G, Liang L, Liu X, Zhang J, Li Y, Yang X, Li S, Ren J, Xu X. Walnut Protein: A Rising Source of High-Quality Protein and Its Updated Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37399339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, plant protein as a necessary nutrient source for human beings, a common ingredient of traditional processed food, and an important element of new functional food has gained prominence due to the increasing demand for healthy food. Walnut protein (WP) is obtained from walnut kernels and walnut oil-pressing waste and has better nutritional, functional, and essential amino acids in comparison with other vegetable and grain proteins. WP can be conveniently obtained by various extraction techniques, including alkali-soluble acid precipitation, salting-out, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, among others. The functional properties of WP can be modified for desired purposes by using some novel methods, including free radical oxidation, enzymatic modification, high hydrostatic pressure, etc. Moreover, walnut peptides play an important biological role both in vitro and in vivo. The main activities of the walnut peptides are antihypertensive, antioxidant, learning improvement, and anticancer, among others. Furthermore, WP could be applied in the development of functional foods or dietary supplements, such as delivery systems and food additives, among others. This review summarizes recent knowledge on the nutritional, functional, and bioactive peptide aspects of WP and possible future products, providing a theoretical reference for the utilization and development of oil crop waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Liyan Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Li Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jixian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Youdong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Xinquan Yang
- Dongguan Chuangwei Precision Nutrition and Health Innovation Center, Dong guan 523000, China
| | - Shugang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51064, China
| | - Xin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
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Liu J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Shao S, Zheng X, Tang K. Synergistic effect of nano zinc oxide and tea tree essential oil on the properties of soluble soybean polysaccharide films. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124361. [PMID: 37028629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Soluble soybean polysaccharide (SSPS)-based composite films with the addition of nano zinc oxide (nZnO, 5 wt% based on SSPS) and tea tree essential oil (TTEO, 10 wt% based on SSPS) were developed by the casting method. The effect of the combination of nZnO and TTEO on the microstructure and physical, mechanical and functional properties of SSPS films was evaluated. The results showed that the SSPS/TTEO/nZnO film exhibited enhanced water vapor barrier properties, thermal stability, water resistance, surface wettability, and total color difference, and almost completely prevented ultraviolet light transmission. The addition of TTEO and nZnO had no significant effect on the tensile strength and elongation at break of the films, but decreased the percentage of light transmittance of the films at 600 nm from 85.5 % to 10.1 %. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the films significantly increased from 46.8 % (SSPS) to 67.7 % (SSPS/TTEO/nZnO) due to the presence of TTEO. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that nZnO and TTEO were evenly dispersed in the SSPS matrix. The synergistic effect of nZnO and TTEO endowed the SSPS film with excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, suggesting that the SSPS/TTEO/nZnO film could be a promising material for active packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China.
| | - Yiwei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Yanchun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Shuaiqi Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Xuejing Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Keyong Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China.
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9
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Dong Y, Li Y, Ma Z, Rao Z, Zheng X, Tang K, Liu J. Effect of polyol plasticizers on properties and microstructure of soluble soybean polysaccharide edible films. Food Packag Shelf Life 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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10
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Eissenberger K, Ballesteros A, De Bisschop R, Bugnicourt E, Cinelli P, Defoin M, Demeyer E, Fürtauer S, Gioia C, Gómez L, Hornberger R, Ißbrücker C, Mennella M, von Pogrell H, Rodriguez-Turienzo L, Romano A, Rosato A, Saile N, Schulz C, Schwede K, Sisti L, Spinelli D, Sturm M, Uyttendaele W, Verstichel S, Schmid M. Approaches in Sustainable, Biobased Multilayer Packaging Solutions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051184. [PMID: 36904425 PMCID: PMC10007551 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The depletion of fossil resources and the growing demand for plastic waste reduction has put industries and academic researchers under pressure to develop increasingly sustainable packaging solutions that are both functional and circularly designed. In this review, we provide an overview of the fundamentals and recent advances in biobased packaging materials, including new materials and techniques for their modification as well as their end-of-life scenarios. We also discuss the composition and modification of biobased films and multilayer structures, with particular attention to readily available drop-in solutions, as well as coating techniques. Moreover, we discuss end-of-life factors, including sorting systems, detection methods, composting options, and recycling and upcycling possibilities. Finally, regulatory aspects are pointed out for each application scenario and end-of-life option. Moreover, we discuss the human factor in terms of consumer perception and acceptance of upcycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Eissenberger
- Sustainable Packaging Institute SPI, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Anton-Günther-Str. 51, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Arantxa Ballesteros
- Centro Tecnológico ITENE, Parque Tecnológico, Carrer d’Albert Einstein 1, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Robbe De Bisschop
- Centexbel, Textile Competence Centre, Etienne Sabbelaan 49, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Elodie Bugnicourt
- Graphic Packaging International, Fountain Plaza, Belgicastraat 7, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Cinelli
- Planet Bioplastics S.r.l., Via San Giovanni Bosco 23, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marc Defoin
- Bostik SA, 420 rue d’Estienne d’Orves, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Elke Demeyer
- Centexbel, Textile Competence Centre, Etienne Sabbelaan 49, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Siegfried Fürtauer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Materials Development, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Claudio Gioia
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lola Gómez
- AIMPLAS, Plastics Technology Center, Valencia Parc Tecnologic, Carrer de Gustave Eiffel 4, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Ramona Hornberger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Materials Development, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | | | - Mara Mennella
- KNEIA S.L., Carrer d’Aribau 168-170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hasso von Pogrell
- AIMPLAS, Plastics Technology Center, Valencia Parc Tecnologic, Carrer de Gustave Eiffel 4, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Angela Romano
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Rosato
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nadja Saile
- Sustainable Packaging Institute SPI, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Anton-Günther-Str. 51, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- European Bioplastics e.V. (EUBP), Marienstr. 19/20, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Schwede
- European Bioplastics e.V. (EUBP), Marienstr. 19/20, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Sisti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Spinelli
- Next Technology Tecnotessile, Chemical Division, Via del Gelso 13, 59100 Prato, Italy
| | - Max Sturm
- Sustainable Packaging Institute SPI, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Anton-Günther-Str. 51, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Willem Uyttendaele
- Centexbel, Textile Competence Centre, Etienne Sabbelaan 49, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Markus Schmid
- Sustainable Packaging Institute SPI, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Anton-Günther-Str. 51, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.E.); (M.S.)
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11
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Xiao G, Liang J, Li D, Tu Y, Zhang B, Gong F, Gu W, Tang M, Ding X, Wu Z, Lei H. Fully Bio-Based Adhesive from Tannin and Sucrose for Plywood Manufacturing with High Performances. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8725. [PMID: 36556528 PMCID: PMC9782220 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fully bio-based adhesives are beneficial to reduce the dependence of the wood adhesive industry on synthetic resins based on petrochemical resources and enhance the market competitiveness of adhesives. A fully bio-based wood adhesive composed of tannin and sucrose was developed and successfully used in the preparation of plywood. Effects of the preparation technology on the bonding strength and water resistance of plywood were investigated, and the properties of the adhesive were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in this study. The results showed that: (1) Compared with other biomass adhesives, tannin-sucrose adhesive had the characteristics of high-solid content and low viscosity, which had the potential to prepare particleboard and fiberboard. (2) A proper mass ratio of tannin to sucrose was key to obtaining a tannin-sucrose adhesive with better properties. (3) The optimum preparation process of tannin-sucrose adhesive for plywood was as follows: hot-pressing temperature of 210 °C, hot-pressing time of 1.2 min/mm, m(tannin):m(sucrose) of 60:40 and adhesive loading of 160 g/m2. Under these conditions, the water-resistant bonding strength of the plywood was 0.89 MPa, which met the strength requirements of the Type II standard of plywood in GB/T 17657-2013. (4) The hot-pressing temperature played a decisive role in the tannin-sucrose adhesive, and the good performance of the plywood was maintained when the temperature was 210 °C or above. Thus, the prepared tannin-sucrose adhesive had high-bonding strength, good water resistance and thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Xiao
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiankun Liang
- College of Civil Engineering, Kaili University, Qiandongnan 556011, China
| | - De Li
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuan Tu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bengang Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Feiyan Gong
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Tang
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xinyue Ding
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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12
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Li Y, Wang S, Zhang G, Liu X, Liu H, He Y, Zhu D. Morphological and structural changes in thermally-induced soybean protein isolate xerogels modulated by soybean polysaccharide concentration. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Mi Y, Bai Y, Gao D, Gao Z, Gu H, Yang W. Controllable crosslinking system of soy protein‐based adhesives via soybean polysaccharide for wood composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mi
- The Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education) Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
| | - Yumei Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education) Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
| | - Daqian Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education) Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education) Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
| | - Hao Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education) Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
| | - Weijun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
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14
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Qu Y, Guo Q, Huang X, Li T, Liang M, Qin J, Gao Q, Liu H, Wang Q. Preparation and Characterization of Plant Protein Adhesives with Strong Bonding Strength and Water Resistance. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182839. [PMID: 36140969 PMCID: PMC9497928 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant protein adhesive has received considerable attention because of their renewable raw material and no harmful substances such as formaldehyde. However, for the plant protein adhesive used in the field of plywood, low cost, strong water resistance, and high bonding strength were the necessary conditions for practical application. In this work, a double-network structure including hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds was built in hot-pressed peanut meal (HPM) protein (HPMP) adhesive, soybean meal (SBM) protein (SBMP) adhesive and cottonseed meal (CSM) protein (CSMP) adhesives. The ether bonds and ester bonds were the most in CSMP adhesive, followed by SBMP adhesive, while the hydrogen bond was the most in HPMP adhesive. The solubility of the HPMP, SBMP, and CSMP adhesives decreased by 14.3%, 24.2%, and 19.4%, the swelling rate decreased by 56.9%, 48.4%, and 78.5%, respectively. The boiling water strength (BWS) of HPMP (0.82 MPa), SBMP (0.92 MPa), and CSMP adhesives reached the bonding strength requirement of China National Standards class I plywood (type I, 0.7 MPa). The wet shear strength (WSS) of HPMP, SBMP, and CSMP adhesives increased by 334.5% (1.26 MPa), 246.3% (1.42 MPa), and 174.1% (1.59 MPa), respectively. This study provided a new theory and method for the development of eco-friendly plant meal protein adhesive and promotes the development of green adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Qin Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Xuegang Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Tian Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Manzhu Liang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Jingjing Qin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-62815837
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15
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Effects of Different Denaturants on the Properties of a Hot-Pressed Peanut Meal-Based Adhesive. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154878. [PMID: 35956827 PMCID: PMC9369892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant protein-based adhesives could fundamentally solve the problem of formaldehyde-based adhesive releasing formaldehyde, but enhancing bonding strength and water resistance is a necessary measure to realize practical applications. In this study, the effects of different denaturants on the properties of a hot-pressed peanut meal (HPM)-based adhesive before and after crosslinking were studied. Papain, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), urea and crosslinker-polyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE) were used to prepare HPM-based adhesives. The functional groups, bonding strength, thermal behaviors, mass loss, moisture uptake value, viscosity and fracture surface of adhesive samples were analyzed. As a result, (1) papain was used to break HPM protein (HPMP) into polypeptide chains and to reduce the water resistance. (2) SDS and urea unfold the HPMP molecule and expose internal hydrophobic groups to improve the water resistance of the adhesive. (3) A denser network structure was formed by PAE and HPMP molecules, which significantly improved the bonding strength and water resistance of adhesives. In particular, after SDS denaturation and PAE crosslinking, compared with pure HPM adhesive, the wet shear strength increased by 96.4%, the mass loss and moisture uptake value reduced by 41.4% and 69.4%, and viscosity increased by 30.4%. This work provided an essential guide to design and prepare HPM-based adhesives.
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16
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An Eco-Friendly Wood Adhesive Consisting of Soybean Protein and Cardanol-Based Epoxy for Wood Based Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142831. [PMID: 35890606 PMCID: PMC9316010 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde-derived wood adhesives have dominated in woody composites production up to now, while facing a significant challenge in non-renewable raw materials and the formaldehyde emission. To solve these problems, an eco-friendly soybean protein-based wood adhesive was explored via the addition of renewable cardanol based epoxy (CBE) as cross-linking agent. The curing mechanism and viscosity of the adhesives were investigated and the bonding performance was evaluated with three-ply plywood. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the formation of new ether linkages and the consumption of epoxy groups in the cured adhesives, thereby improving the thermal stabilities and cohesion. Plywood bonded with the CBE-modified soybean protein-based adhesive reached the maximum wet shear strength of 1.11 MPa (4 wt.% CBE addition), a 48% increase compared to the control, whereas the viscosity of adhesive decreased by 68.2%. The wet shear strength of the plywood met the requirements of the Chinese National Standard GB/T 9846-2015 for interior plywood application. The formaldehyde-free adhesive with excellent water resistance adhesiveness performance shows great potential in woody composites as an alternative to formaldehyde derived wood adhesives.
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17
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Medlej MK, Le Floch S, Nasser G, Li S, Hijazi A, Pochat-Bohatier C. Correlations between rheological and mechanical properties of fructo-polysaccharides extracted from Ornithogalum billardieri as biobased adhesive for biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1100-1110. [PMID: 35461856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are extracted from Ornithogalum by maceration using different ultrasound (US) treatment times (0%US, 50%US, 100%US), and under optimized extraction conditions (OP%US). The total carbohydrates content (TCC) and proteins content of the extracts were determined. Data show that the extraction parameters significantly influence the extracts composition. Rheological measurements allowed determining the liquid, intermediate and gel states of the extract's solutions. The adhesion strength of the solutions was evaluated on paper and polylactide (PLA) substrates to evaluate their potential as environmentally friendly adhesive. OP%US presents the highest adhesion strength (1418.3 kPa) on paper, and is further tested on pork skin substrates. The adhesion strength is higher on skin/paper (870 kPa) than on skin/skin (411 kPa) substrate due to the capillary force of paper which allows penetration of adhesive into the micropores of paper. The correlation between rheological properties and adhesion strength indicates that the adhesion strength strongly depends on the state of adhesives and the substrate type. SEM analyses show that higher adhesion strength (intermediate and gel states) involves both cohesive and adhesive failure, whereas only adhesive failure is observed in liquid state on PLA substrates. Therefore, these polysaccharides extracts could be very promising as tissue adhesive in medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kazem Medlej
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Simon Le Floch
- Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), UMR 5508, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ghassan Nasser
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Céline Pochat-Bohatier
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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18
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Li Y, Cai L, Chen H, Liu Z, Zhang X, Li J, Shi SQ, Li J, Gao Q. Preparation of a high bonding performance soybean protein-based adhesive with low crosslinker addition via microwave chemistry. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:45-55. [PMID: 35301001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Human health and environmental protection demand wood-based panel industry for innovative soy-based adhesives with high production efficiency, straightforward synthesis processes, non-toxicity, and high bonding performance. A simple and efficient microwave pretreatment process and low addition of bio-derived crosslinking agent was used in this study to prepare a non-toxic and high-bonding performance soybean protein-based adhesive. After 4 min of microwave pretreatment time, the complex quaternary structure of soybean protein molecule unfolds, the soybean protein disperses evenly and stably, and active groups of soybean protein molecules are exposed. After adding 3.85% crosslinking agent, the moisture absorption rate of the soybean protein-based adhesive decreases by 41.77%, the residual rate increases by 3.68%, and the wet shear strength of the resultant plywood increases to 1.12 MPa, which satisfies requirement of interior use plywood. Compared with previously reported soy-based adhesives, this adhesive is dependent on fewer chemical reagents, but has good bonding performance. The 204.41% of relative cell viability indicates the resultant adhesive was non-toxic. The proposed high-efficiency, high-performance, non-toxic biomass adhesive has great prospects for the industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sheldon Q Shi
- College of Engineering Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm street, Suite F101P, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China..
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19
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Zhou Y, Zeng G, Zhang F, Luo J, Li K, Li X, Li J, Fang Z. High strength and flame retardant soybean polysaccharide-based wood adhesive produced by borate chemistry and crosslinking strategy. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Ramesh M, Rajeshkumar L, Sasikala G, Balaji D, Saravanakumar A, Bhuvaneswari V, Bhoopathi R. A Critical Review on Wood-Based Polymer Composites: Processing, Properties, and Prospects. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:589. [PMID: 35160578 PMCID: PMC8838915 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste recycling is one of the key aspects in current day studies to boost the country's circular economy. Recycling wood from construction and demolished structures and combining it with plastics forms wood-polymer composites (WPC) which have a very wide scope of usage. Such recycled composites have very low environmental impact in terms of abiotic potential, global warming potential, and greenhouse potential. Processing of WPCs can be easily done with predetermined strength values that correspond to its end application. Yet, the usage of conventional polymer composite manufacturing techniques such as injection molding and extrusion has very limited scope. Many rheological characterization techniques are being followed to evaluate the influence of formulation and process parameters over the quality of final WPCs. It will be very much interesting to carry out a review on the material formulation of WPCs and additives used. Manufacturing of wood composites can also be made by using bio-based adhesives such as lignin, tannin, and so on. Nuances in complete replacement of synthetic adhesives as bio-based adhesives are also discussed by various researchers which can be done only by complete understanding of formulating factors of bio-based adhesives. Wood composites play a significant role in many non-structural and structural applications such as construction, floorings, windows, and door panels. The current review focuses on the processing of WPCs along with additives such as wood flour and various properties of WPCs such as mechanical, structural, and morphological properties. Applications of wood-based composites in various sectors such as automotive, marine, defense, and structural applications are also highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Ramesh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641402, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshminarasimhan Rajeshkumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641407, Tamil Nadu, India; (L.R.); (D.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Ganesan Sasikala
- Department of Mathematics, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram 603203, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Devarajan Balaji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641407, Tamil Nadu, India; (L.R.); (D.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Arunachalam Saravanakumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.S.R.M College of Engineering, Kadapa 516003, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Venkateswaran Bhuvaneswari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641407, Tamil Nadu, India; (L.R.); (D.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Ramasamy Bhoopathi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India;
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21
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Zhao H, Wang S, Zhao G, Li Y, Liu X, Yang L, Zhu L, Liu H. Fabrication and emulsifying properties of non-covalent complexes between soy protein isolate fibrils and soy soluble polysaccharides. Food Funct 2022; 13:386-397. [PMID: 34908089 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01604k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-covalent complexes (SPIF/SSPS) of soy protein isolate fibrils (SPIF) and soy soluble polysaccharides (SSPS) were fabricated and used to stabilize oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. FT-IR spectroscopy and zeta potential results demonstrated that the interactions between SPIF and SSPS mainly include hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. The presence of SSPS decreased the particle size and surface hydrophobicity of SPIF, resulting in a decrease and redshift of the fluorescence intensity. During the interfacial adsorption process, SPIF/SSPS complexes had lower diffusion and penetration rates compared with pure SPIF because of their hydrophilic region, but the molecular reorganization rate increased. Emulsions stabilized with the SPIF/SSPS complex at 5 : 5 (i.e., 1 : 1) ratio had both an excellent emulsifying activity index (EAI) of 26.17 m2 g-1 and an excellent emulsifying stability index (ESI) of 93.01%, as well as the smallest emulsion droplet particle size of 1.74 μm. Meanwhile, no flocculation was observed in this emulsion which is attributed to the sufficient steric stabilization provided by the hydrophilic SSPS. After three weeks of storage, there was no phase separation observed in the emulsions stabilized by SPIF/SSPS complexes in 5 : 4 and 5 : 5 ratios and the Turbiscan stability indices were 17.86 and 15.14, respectively, much lower than the other emulsion formulations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hekai Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
| | - Shengnan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
- National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Guilan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
| | - Yangyang Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
| | - Xiulin Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
| | - Lina Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
| | - Lijie Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
| | - He Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China.
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22
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Seidi F, Yazdi MK, Jouyandeh M, Habibzadeh S, Munir MT, Vahabi H, Bagheri B, Rabiee N, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR. Crystalline polysaccharides: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118624. [PMID: 34742405 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biodegradability and mechanical properties of polysaccharides are dependent on their architecture (linear or branched) as well as their crystallinity (size of crystals and crystallinity percent). The amount of crystalline zones in the polysaccharide significantly governs their ultimate properties and applications (from packaging to biomedicine). Although synthesis, characterization, and properties of polysaccharides have been the subject of several review papers, the effects of crystallization kinetics and crystalline domains on the properties and application have not been comprehensively addressed. This review places focus on different aspects of crystallization of polysaccharides as well as applications of crystalline polysaccharides. Crystallization of cellulose, chitin, chitosan, and starch, as the main members of this family, were discussed. Then, application of the aforementioned crystalline polysaccharides and nano-polysaccharides as well as their physical and chemical interactions were overviewed. This review attempts to provide a complete picture of crystallization-property relationship in polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Habibzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Henri Vahabi
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Babak Bagheri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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23
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Lei Y, Gao S, Xiang X, Li X, Yu X, Li S. Physicochemical, structural and adhesion properties of walnut protein isolate-xanthan gum composite adhesives using walnut protein modified by ethanol. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:644-653. [PMID: 34655580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Low-sugar and high-protein adhesives have broad market application prospects, while natural plant proteins have confronted technical bottlenecks due to their poor adhesion. In this study, the effects of ethanol with different concentrations (0-80%) on the adhesion properties of walnut protein isolate-xanthan gum (WNPI-XG) composite adhesives were investigated. Results showed the bonding strength of WNPI-XG treated with 40% ethanol reached 12.55 MPa, the denaturation temperature and the surface hydrophobicity increased to 87.91 and 185.07 respectively, displaying the best rheological and texture properties. It also indicated appropriate concentration of ethanol (40%) didn't change the molecular weight of WNPI-XG, but greatly strengthened the fluorescence intensity, leading changes in contents of reactive sulfhydryl groups, electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds. Furthermore, the treatment also facilitated a conformation conversion of the secondary structures from β-sheet to α-helix, promoting the full unfolding of protein molecules. The microstructure analysis showed after 40% ethanol treatment, the WNPI structure was uniform, the surface of WNPI-XG adhesive was flat and smooth, combined more closely with water molecules. By analyzing the influence of ethanol treatment on adhesion of WNPI-XG, the research laid a theoretical foundation for protein modification, providing good technical references for its development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lei
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Sihai Gao
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaole Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiongwei Yu
- Wuhan Xudong Food Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Shugang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
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24
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Jiang K, Lei Z, Yi M, Lv W, Jing M, Feng Q, Tan H, Chen Y, Xiao H. Improved performance of soy protein adhesive with melamine-urea-formaldehyde prepolymer. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27126-27134. [PMID: 35480695 PMCID: PMC9037677 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00850a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, soy protein adhesive, as an environmentally friendly bio-based adhesive, has attracted extensive attention. In this study, in order to ameliorate the bonding quality of soy protein isolate (SPI) adhesive, the melamine–urea–formaldehyde prepolymer (MUFP) was synthesized, and different amounts of it were introduced into the SPI adhesive as a cross-linking agent. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analyze (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analysis the mechanism of modification. The results of plywood test indicated that the wet bonding strength of the adhesives was first increased and then decreased with an increase in the amount of MUFP additive. FT-IR, TGA, and SEM tests suggested that the introduction of MUFP could promote the establishment of a cross-linking structure in the cured adhesive layer to improve the bonding quality of adhesives, but presence of excessive MUFP could introduce hydrophilic groups and adversely affect water resistance. In recent years, soy protein adhesive, as an environmentally friendly bio-based adhesive, has attracted extensive attention.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jiang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Zhenghui Lei
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Maoyu Yi
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Wenxin Lv
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Mingwei Jing
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Qiaoling Feng
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Hailu Tan
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Yuzhu Chen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
| | - Hui Xiao
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China.,Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 Sichuan China +86-028-86291456
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25
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Abstract
The green nanocomposites have elite features of sustainable polymers and eco-friendly nanofillers. The green or eco-friendly nanomaterials are low cost, lightweight, eco-friendly, and highly competent for the range of energy applications. This article initially expresses the notions of eco-polymers, eco-nanofillers, and green nanocomposites. Afterward, the energy-related applications of the green nanocomposites have been specified. The green nanocomposites have been used in various energy devices such as solar cells, batteries, light-emitting diodes, etc. The main focus of this artifact is the energy storage application of green nanocomposites. The capacitors have been recognized as corporate devices for energy storage, particularly electrical energy. In this regard, high-performance supercapacitors have been proposed based on sustainable nanocomposites. Consequently, this article presents various approaches providing key knowledge for the design and development of multi-functional energy storage materials. In addition, the future prospects of the green nanocomposites towards energy storage have been discussed.
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26
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The rheological characteristics of soy protein isolate-glucose conjugate gel during simulated gastrointestinal digestion. FOOD STRUCTURE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foostr.2021.100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Chen C, Du Y, Chen F. Effect of urea concentration on properties of peanut protein isolate, arachin and conarachin-based adhesives during urea-epichlorohydrin modification. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:202227. [PMID: 33959369 PMCID: PMC8074907 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.202227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To lay a theoretical basis for the preparation of peanut protein-based adhesives and promote the sustainable development of the adhesive industry, properties of peanut protein isolate (PPI), arachin and conarachin-based adhesives modified by urea and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were investigated under different urea concentrations. When the urea concentration was 2 mol l-1, the wet shear strength of the PPI-based adhesive was 1.24 MPa with the best water resistance. With the increase of urea concentration from 0 to 4 mol l-1, the apparent viscosity of the PPI-based adhesive increased from 3.87 to 136.80 Pa s and the solid content increased from 18.11% to 31.11%. Compared with conarachin-based adhesive, the properties of arachin-based adhesive were improved more obviously during the combined modification. Scanning electron microscopy images illustrated that when the urea concentration was 2 mol l-1, the surface of the PPI-based adhesive was more compact and smoother, which was beneficial to the improvement of water resistance and related to the structure changes of arachin and conarachin components. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results indicated that different urea concentrations caused the change of ester and ether bonds in the PPI-based adhesive, which was mainly related to arachin component. Thermogravimetry results suggested that when the urea concentration was 2 mol l-1, the decomposition temperature of protein skeleton in the PPI-based adhesive reached a maximum of 314°C exhibiting the highest thermal stability. The improvement of the thermal stability of conarachin was greater than that of arachin during the combined modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100, Lianhua Street, High-tech, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100, Lianhua Street, High-tech, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fusheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100, Lianhua Street, High-tech, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
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28
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Chen S, Chen Y, Wang Z, Chen H, Fan D. Renewable bio-based adhesive fabricated from a novel biopolymer and soy protein. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11724-11731. [PMID: 35423652 PMCID: PMC8695950 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00766a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a bio-based soy protein adhesive derived from environmentally friendly and renewable enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL), epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), and soy protein isolate (SPI), was successfully prepared. A novel biopolymer (EHL-ESO), as a multifunctional crosslinker, was firstly synthesized from modified EHL and ESO, and then crosslinked with soy protein isolate to obtain a bio-based soy protein adhesive. The structure, thermal properties, and adhesion performance of the obtained soy protein adhesives were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wet shear strength. The maximum degradation temperature of SPI/EHL-ESO adhesives (332-343 °C) was higher than that of the pristine SPI adhesive (302 °C). Moreover, plywood bonded by the modified adhesive reached a maximum wet shear strength value of 1.07 MPa, a significant increase of 101.8% from the plywood bonded by pristine SPI adhesive. The enhancements in the thermal stability and wet shear strength were attributed to the formation of a dense crosslinking network structure. This work not only highlights the potential to replace petroleum-based polymers, but also presents a green approach to fabricate fully bio-based soy protein adhesive for preparing all-biomass wood composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Chen
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China +86-10-62881937 +86-18500236090
| | - Yuan Chen
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China +86-10-62881937 +86-18500236090
| | - Zongtao Wang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China +86-10-62881937 +86-18500236090
| | - Huan Chen
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China +86-10-62881937 +86-18500236090
| | - Dongbin Fan
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China +86-10-62881937 +86-18500236090
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29
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Wang S, Wei D, Yang X, Song S, Sun L, Xin X, Zheng G, Wang R, Liu L, Sun J, Wang H, Lv F, Mo W, Wang H, Luo C, Xiong Z, Wang S, Li S, Xia Y. Study on a new type of environment-friendly polymer and its preliminary application as soil consolidation agent during tree transplanting. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5575. [PMID: 33692384 PMCID: PMC7946934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplanting trees with rhizospheric soil is an important way to facilitate tree survival in the process of landscaping and reforestation. Traditional way to prevent looseness of rhizospheric soil is forming soil balls around the roots with bags, boxes or rope wrapping, which is cumbersome, laborious and easy to break. This study is aimed to develop a new type of degradable environment-friendly polymer as soil consolidation agent to facilitate tree transplanting. In this paper, the KGM/CA/PVA ternary blending soil consolidation agent was prepared by using Konjac glucomannan (KGM), chitosan (CA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as raw materials. Through the verification and evaluation, the clay and sandy soil can be consolidated and formed into soil balls by the ternary blend adhesive, which was convenient for transportation. The preliminary application of the ternary blend adhesive in the transplanting process of sierra salvia, Japanese Spindle (Euonymus japonicus) and Juniperus sabina ‘Tamaricifolia’ confirmed that the application of soil consolidation agent can effectively solve the problem that the root ball of seedling is easily broken in the process of transplant. And the application of soil consolidation agent has no adverse effect on the growth of transplanted seedlings. The research and development of ternary blending soil consolidation agent and its preliminary application in seedling transplanting will provide a new solution to solve the problem of soil ball breakage in the process of seedling transplanting. This is an important stage in the development of new seedling transplanting technology. Therefore, the research and development of soil consolidation agent is of great significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Wang
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Donglu Wei
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150050, China
| | - Xuping Yang
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Shengju Song
- R & D Center, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Lifang Sun
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Xuebing Xin
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Guangshun Zheng
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - LiLi Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150050, China
| | - Jingshuang Sun
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Fuling Lv
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Wenjuan Mo
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150050, China
| | - Chaoxing Luo
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150050, China
| | - Zhengqi Xiong
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150050, China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Shaofeng Li
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China.
| | - Yongxiu Xia
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China.
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30
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Jin S, Li K, Zhang X, Gao Q, Zeng L, Shi SQ, Li J. Phytic acid-assisted fabrication for soybean meal/nanofiber composite adhesive via bioinspired chelation reinforcement strategy. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:123064. [PMID: 32512279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adhesives are commonly used in the wood industry, such as plywood, fiberboard, and particleboard, for making furniture, flooring, kitchen cabinets, and wall materials. However, almost all of these adhesives come from petroleum resources and release toxic substances that pollute the environment and endanger human health. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the production of eco-friendly adhesives. The development of plant-protein-based adhesives can increase the value of agricultural wastes and reduce the environmental hazards. However, their industrial application is limited by their poor mechanical strength and inferior water resistance. The main purpose of this study was to prepare a green effective reinforcer to improve the water resistance and mechanical strength of soybean meal (SM) adhesive. To achieve the above goals, a natural chelating agent phytic acid (PA)-mediated aminoclay-cellulose nanofiber (AC@CNF) nanohybrid was prepared. Then, the AC@CNF-PA nanohybrids were combined with SM to prepare a high-performance SM-based adhesive. The water resistance of the modified adhesive was remarkably improved, with 105.2 % higher than that of the unmodified SM adhesive in wet shear strength. Moreover, the modified adhesive showed good cytocompatibility, biodegradability, and flame retardancy. This work suggested a new approach in preparing green high-performance protein-based adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicun Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kuang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Dehua TB Decoration New Material Co., Ltd, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Nanning SCISKY Waterborne Technologies Co., Ltd, Nanning 530105, China
| | - Sheldon Q Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China.
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31
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Abstract
Bio-based adhesives and resins are sought as alternatives to synthetics in order to fabricate all-biobased composite wood panels (CWPs), which provide environmentally friendly building products for indoor use. Very little information exists as to how these bio-based CWPs would perform long-term in non-temperature controlled structures such as warehouses and storage units where extreme temperatures occur depending on the season. In this study, novel all-bio-based CWPs were fabricated using a matrix of 50% distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and 50% soybean flour ProsanteTM (PRO) mixed with wood particles. Bio-based CWPs were subjected to accelerated thermal aging for a 10-year period resembling outdoor temperatures in Peoria, IL USA. Four seasonal periods (Winter, Spring, Summer, and Fall) were simulated varying from −26–40 °C and 36–76% relative humidity (RH). The bio-based adhesive employed consisted of 50% distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and 50% soybean flour ProsanteTM (PRO). CWPs consisted of 15 or 50% DDGS/PRO with 85% or 50% pine wood. CWPs were evaluated for 5, 7.5, and 10-years for their physical, flexural, dimensional stability, surface roughness, FTIR, TGA, and spectral properties. The changes in the CWP properties were notable during the initial 5 years, and later aged samples showed less change.
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32
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Chen M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Shi SQ, Li J, Gao Q, Guo H. Soybean Meal-Based Wood Adhesive Enhanced by Phenol Hydroxymethylated Tannin Oligomer for Exterior Use. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040758. [PMID: 32244455 PMCID: PMC7240477 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-based adhesives have low water resistance and they are less durable than synthetic adhesives, which limits their exterior applications. In this study, a bio adhesive was developed from soybean meal and larch tannin that was designed for exterior use. Phenol hydroxymethylated tannin oligomer (PHTO) was synthesized and then mixed with soybean meal flour in order to obtain a soybean meal-based adhesive (SPA). The results showed that the moisture absorption rate, residual rate, and solid content of SPA with 10 wt % PHTO (mass ratio with respect to the entire adhesive) were improved by 22.8%, 11.6%, and 6.8%, respectively, as compared with that of pure SPA. The wet shear strength of plywood with SPA with 10 wt % PHTO (boiling in 100 °C water for 3 h) was 1.04 MPa when compared with 0 MPa of pure SPA. This met the bond strength requirement of exterior-use plywood (GB/T 9846.3-2004). This improved adhesive performance was mainly due to the formation of a crosslinked structure between the PHTO and the protein and also PHTO self-crosslinking. The formaldehyde emission of the resulting plywood was the same as that of solid wood. The PHTO-modified SPA can potentially extend the applications of SPAs from interior to exterior plywood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (M.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (M.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yue Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (M.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Sheldon Q. Shi
- College of Engineering Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm street, Suite F101P, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA;
| | - Jianzhang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (M.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Qiang Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (M.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (H.G.); Tel.: +86-01062336912 (Q.G.)
| | - Hongwu Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (M.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (H.G.); Tel.: +86-01062336912 (Q.G.)
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33
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Chen C, Chen F, Liu B, Du Y, Liu C, Xin Y, Liu K. Peanut meal-based wood adhesives enhanced by urea and epichlorohydrin. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:191154. [PMID: 31827849 PMCID: PMC6894569 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Peanut meal (PM) has recently emerged as a potential protein source for wood adhesives, owing to superior features such as high availability, renewability and eco-friendliness. However, the poor properties of unmodified PM-based wood adhesives, compared with their petroleum-derived counterparts, limit their use in high-performance applications. In order to promote the application of PM-based wood adhesives in plywood industry, urea (U) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were used to enhance the properties of the adhesives and the modification mechanism was investigated. PM-based wood adhesives made with U and ECH were shown to possess sufficient water resistance and exhibited higher apparent viscosity and solid content than without. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results suggested that U denatured PM protein and expose more reactive groups, allowing ECH to react better with U-treated PM protein to form a dense, cross-linked network which was the main reason for the improvement of the properties. The crystallinity increased from 2.7% to 11% compared with the control, indicating that the molecular structure of the resultant adhesive modified by U and ECH became more regular and compact owing to the cross-linked network structure. Thermogravimetry tests showed that decomposition temperature of the protein skeleton structure increased from 307°C to 314°C after U and ECH modification. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that using U and ECH for adhesives resulted in a smooth protein surface which prevented moisture penetration and improved water resistance. PM-based adhesives thus represent potential candidates to replace petroleum-derived adhesives in the plywood industry, which will effectively promote the rapid development of eco-friendly adhesives and increase the added value of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fusheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Boye Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People's Republic of China
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34
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Pang H, Zhao S, Qin T, Zhang S, Li J. High-Performance Soy Protein Isolate-Based Film Synergistically Enhanced by Waterborne Epoxy and Mussel-Inspired Poly(dopamine)-Decorated Silk Fiber. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1536. [PMID: 31547025 PMCID: PMC6835982 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains a great challenge to fabricate bio-based soy protein isolate (SPI) composite film with both favorable water resistance and excellent mechanical performance. In this study, waterborne epoxy emulsions (WEU), which are low-cost epoxy crosslinkers, together with mussel-inspired dopamine-decorated silk fiber (PSF), were used to synergistically improve the water resistance and mechanical properties of SPI-based film. A stable crosslinking network was generated in SPI-based films via multiple physical and chemical combinations of WEU, PSF, and soy protein matrixes, and was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR). As expected, remarkable improvement in both water resistance and Young's modulus (up to 370%) was simultaneously achieved in SPI-based film. The fabricated SPI-based film also exhibited favorable thermostability. This study could provide a simple and environmentally friendly approach to fabricate high-performance SPI-based film composites in food packaging, food preservation, and additive carrier fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Pang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shujun Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tao Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shifeng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
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35
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Wang S, Zhao L, Li Q, Liu C, Han J, Zhu L, Zhu D, He Y, Liu H. Impact of Mg2+, K+, and Na+ on rheological properties and chain conformation of soy hull soluble polysaccharide. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li J, Gao Q. Development of a High-Performance Adhesive with a Microphase, Separation Crosslinking Structure Using Wheat Flour and a Hydroxymethyl Melamine Prepolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E893. [PMID: 31096681 PMCID: PMC6571881 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to use wheat flour (WF) and hydroxymethyl melamine prepolymer (HMP) to develop a low cost, highly water-resistant, starch-based bio-adhesive for plywood fabrication. Three-layer plywood was fabricated using the resultant adhesive, and the wet shear strength of the plywood samples was measured under various conditions. After determining that water resistance was significantly improved with the addition of HMP, we evaluated the physical characteristics of the starch-based adhesive and functional groups and analyzed the thermal stability and fracture surface of the cured adhesive samples. Results showed that by adding 20 wt.% HMP into WF adhesive, the sedimentation volume in the resultant adhesive decreased by 11.3%, indicating that the increase of crosslinking in the structure of the adhesives increased the bond strength, and the wet shear strength of the resultant plywood in 63 °C water improved by 375% when compared with the WF adhesive. After increasing the addition of HMP to 40 wt.%, the wet shear strength of the resultant plywood in 100 °C water changed from 0 MPa to 0.71 MPa, which meets the exterior use plywood requirement. This water resistance and bond strength improvement resulted from (1) HMP reacting with functions in WF and forming a crosslinking structure to prevent moisture intrusion; and (2) HMP self-crosslinking and combining with crosslinked WF to form a microphase separation crosslinking structure, which improved both the crosslinking density and the toughness of the adhesive, and subsequently, the adhesive's bond performance. In addition, the microphase separation crosslinking structure had better thermostability and created a compact ductile fracture surface, which further improved the bond performance of the adhesive. Thus, using a prepolymer to form a microphase separation crosslinking structure within the adhesive improves the rigidity, toughness, and water resistance of the material in a practical and cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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37
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Liang J, Chen R. Impact of cross-linking mode on the physical properties of zein/PVA composite films. Food Packag Shelf Life 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Zhang B, Li J, Kan Y, Gao J, Zhang Y, Gao Z. The Effect of Thermo-Chemical Treatment on the Water Resistance of Defatted Soybean Flour-Based Wood Adhesive. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E955. [PMID: 30960880 PMCID: PMC6403534 DOI: 10.3390/polym10090955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to effectively improve the water resistance of a defatted soybean flour (DSF)-based adhesive by subjecting DSF to thermo-chemical treatment in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and then the crosslinking with epichlorohydrin-modified polyamide (EMPA). The effect of thermo-chemical treatment on the structures and properties of the DSF and DSF-based adhesive were investigated by plywood evaluation, boiling-water-insoluble content, and acetaldehyde value measurements, as well as FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and rheology analyses. The test results revealed that the water resistance of the DSF-based adhesive was significantly improved, attributed to the formation of a solid three-dimensional crosslinked network structure resulted from the repolymerization of DSF, the Maillard reaction between the protein and carbohydrate, and chemical crosslinking between the crosslinker and DSF. Moreover, SDS destroyed the hydrophobic interactions within protein and inhibited macromolecular aggregations during the thermal treatment. Therefore, more reactive groups buried within the globular structure of the soybean protein component of DSF could be released, which supported the repolymerization, Maillard reaction, and chemical crosslinking of DSF, thereby leading to an improved crosslinking density of the cured DSF-based adhesive. In addition, the adhesive composed of thermo-chemically treated DSF and EMPA exhibited preferable viscosity and viscosity stability suitable for the production of wood composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghan Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China.
| | - Jin Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China.
| | - Yufei Kan
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China.
| | - Jianfang Gao
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China.
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China.
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China.
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39
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Chen M, Gao Q, Li J. A High-Performance and Low-Cost Soy Flour Adhesive with a Hydroxymethyl Melamine Prepolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E909. [PMID: 30960834 PMCID: PMC6403609 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the performance of a soy flour (SF)-based adhesive, a low-cost hydroxymethyl melamine prepolymer (HMP) was synthesized and then used to modify the SF-based adhesive. The HMP was characterized, and the performance of the adhesive was evaluated, including its residual rate, functions, thermal stability, and fracture section. Plywood was fabricated to measure wet shear strength. The results indicated that the HMP preferentially reacted with polysaccharose in SF and formed a cross-linking network to improve the water resistance of the adhesive. This polysaccharose-based network also combined with the HMP self-polycondensation network and soy protein to form an interpenetrating network, which further improved the water resistance of the adhesive. With the addition of 9% HMP, the wet shear strength (63 °C) of the plywood was 1.21 MPa, which was 9.3 times that of the SF adhesive. With the HMP additive increased to 15%, the shear strength (100 °C) of the plywood was 0.79 MPa, which met the plywood requirement for exterior use (≥0.7 MPa) in accordance with Chinese National Standard (GB/T 9846.3-2004). With the addition of 9% and 15% HMP, the residual rates of the adhesive improved by 5.1% and 8.5%, respectively. The dense interpenetrating network structure improved the thermal stability of the resultant adhesive and created a compact fracture to prevent moisture intrusion, which further increased the water resistance of the adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Mingsong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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40
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Mao J, Zhuang Q, Peng S, Liu Q, Qian J. Effect of modified phenolic resin on crosslinked network and performances of polyvinyl acetate blending emulsion. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Mao
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Qixin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Sai Peng
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | | | - Jun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
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41
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Zhao Z, Miao Y, Yang Z, Wang H, Sang R, Fu Y, Huang C, Wu Z, Zhang M, Sun S, Umemura K, Yong Q. Effects of Sulfuric Acid on the Curing Behavior and Bonding Performance of Tannin⁻Sucrose Adhesive. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E651. [PMID: 30966685 PMCID: PMC6404132 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials-based adhesives is one of the main research directions for the wood-based material industry. In previous research, tannin and sucrose were used as adhesive to manufacture particleboard. However, the reaction conditions need to be optimized. In this study, sulfuric acid was added to the tannin⁻sucrose adhesive as a catalyst to improve the curing process. Thermal analysis, insoluble mass proportion, FT-IR, and solid state 13C NMR were used to investigate the effects of sulfuric acid on the curing behavior of tannin and sucrose. Thermal analysis showed weight loss and endotherm temperature reduced from 205 and 215 to 136 and 138 °C, respectively, by adding sulfuric acid. In case of the adhesive with pH = 1.0, the insoluble mass proportion achieved 81% at 160 °C, which was higher than the reference at 220 °C. FT-IR analysis of the uncured adhesives showed that adding sulfuric acid leads to hydrolysis of sucrose; then, glucose and fructose converted to 5-hydroxymehthylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid. Dimethylene ether bridges were observed by FT-IR analysis of the cured adhesives. The results of solid state 13C NMR spectrum indicated that 5-HMF participated in the curing process and formed methylene bridges with the C8 position of the resorcinol A-rings of tannin, whereas dimethylene ether bridges were detected as a major chemical chain of the polymer. Lab particleboards were produced using 20 wt % resin content at 180 °C and 10 min press time; the tannin⁻sucrose adhesive modified with sulfuric acid to pH = 1.0 exhibited better performance than the unmodified tannin⁻sucrose adhesive; the properties of the boards fulfilled the requirement of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A5908 type 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yanfeng Miao
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Ziqian Yang
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Ruijuan Sang
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yanchun Fu
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Caoxing Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Zhihui Wu
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Laboratory of Sustainable Materials, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univeersity, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Shijing Sun
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Kenji Umemura
- Laboratory of Sustainable Materials, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univeersity, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Qiang Yong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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42
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Zhang BH, Fan B, Li M, Zhang YH, Gao ZH. Effects of thermal treatment on the properties of defatted soya bean flour and its adhesion to plywood. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180015. [PMID: 29892440 PMCID: PMC5990836 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With an attempt to economically and efficiently improve the water resistance of defatted soya bean flour (DSF)-based wood adhesives, DSF was subjected to thermal treatment at various temperatures (65°C, 80°C, 95°C, 110°C and 125°C) for 30 min. The effects of thermal treatment temperature onto the chemical structure, crystalline degree, water-insoluble content and acetaldehyde value of the thermally treated DSF (T-DSF) were investigated. The thermal stabilities and bonding properties of soya bean adhesives prepared from T-DSF and cross-linker epichlorohydrin-modified polyamide (EMPA) were also investigated. Test results indicated that both the water-insoluble content and the acetaldehyde value of T-DSF increased after thermal treatment, reaching the highest values of 27.28% and 26.81 mg g-1, respectively. All plywood bonded with the T-DSF-based adhesive withstood a 28 h boiling-dry-boiling accelerated ageing treatment, while plywood bonded with the DSF-based adhesive delaminated after 4 h of water boiling, demonstrating the significantly improved water resistance of the T-DSF-based adhesives. Related analyses also confirmed that this improvement was due to: (i) the formation of insoluble cross-linked structures of T-DSF resulting from protein-protein self-cross-linking reactions and the protein-carbohydrate Maillard reaction and (ii) increased cross-linking efficiency between T-DSF and cross-linker EMPA owing to more T-DSF-reactive groups being released after thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yue-Hong Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hua Gao
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
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43
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Martinez S, Marchamalo M, Alvarez S. Organization environmental footprint applying a multi-regional input-output analysis: A case study of a wood parquet company in Spain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:7-14. [PMID: 29126028 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Wood has been presented as a carbon-neutral material capable of significantly contribute to climate change mitigation and has become an appealing option for the building sector. This paper presents the quantification of the organization environmental footprint of a wood parquet company. The multi-regional input-output (MRIO) database EXIOBASE was used with a further structural path analysis decomposition. The application of the proposed method quantifies 14 environmental impacts. Highly influential sectors and regions responsible for these impacts are assessed to propose efficient measures. For the parquet company studied, the highest impact category once normalized was ozone depletion and the dominant sector responsible for this impact was the chemical industry from Spain and China. The structural path decomposition related to ozone loss revealed that the indirect impacts embedded in the supply chain are higher than the direct impacts. It can be concluded that the assessment of the organizational environmental footprint can be carried out applying this well-structured and robust method. Its implementation will enable tracking of the environmental burdens through a company's supply chain at a global scale and provide information for the adoption of environmental strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martinez
- Department of Land Morphology and Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Natural Systems and Resources, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel Marchamalo
- Department of Land Morphology and Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sergio Alvarez
- Department of Land Morphology and Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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44
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Wang Z, Kang H, Zhao S, Zhang W, Zhang S, Li J. Polyphenol-induced cellulose nanofibrils anchored graphene oxide as nanohybrids for strong yet tough soy protein nanocomposites. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 180:354-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Jin S, Li K, Li J, Chen H. A Low-Cost, Formaldehyde-Free and High Flame Retardancy Wood Adhesive from Inorganic Adhesives: Properties and Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E513. [PMID: 30965817 PMCID: PMC6418883 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood composites used in indoor living environments often pose formaldehyde emission and fire hazard problems. In this study, magnesium oxychloride cement-based (MOC) inorganic adhesives are presented as an effective and sustainable binder for plywood applications. The phase composition, microstructure, and thermal stability of the adhesives prepared with different ratios of MgO/MgCl₂ were investigated. In addition, the dry and wet shear strength and the combustion behavior of the plywood were also examined. The results indicated that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of the plywood bonded by the MOC adhesives were higher than those of the plywood bonded by urea-formaldehyde resin. The active MgO/MgCl₂ molar ratio of 7 was the optimal ratio for the dry and wet shear strength of the plywood with values of 1.02 and 0.88 MPa, respectively, which meet the interior use panel (Type II plywood) requirements. These improvements were ascribed to the increasing ratio of MgO/MgCl₂ that facilitated the formation of an excellent microstructure. Meanwhile, the continuous hydration phase strengthened the interaction between the MOC adhesive and the wood. With these improved properties, MOC adhesive is expected to be widely used for industrial applications in plywood fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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46
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Chen M, Luo J, Shi R, Zhang J, Gao Q, Li J. Improved Adhesion Performance of Soy Protein-Based Adhesives with a Larch Tannin-Based Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E408. [PMID: 30965712 PMCID: PMC6418718 DOI: 10.3390/polym9090408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the bonding strength and water resistance of soy protein-based adhesives (SPAs) by modifying with larch tannin-based resins (TRs). This is especially important because of their eco-beneficial effects. The TR was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric/Derivative Thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) in order to demonstrate the formation of the self-crosslinking structure. Rheological properties, fracture morphology, solubility, and crosslinking density were characterized in detail. Three-ply poplar plywood was fabricated and the wet shear strength was measured. The experimental data showed that the addition of TR improved the moisture uptake, residual rate, and shear strength of SPA. This improvement was attributed to the crosslink reactions of TR with the relevant active functional groups of the side chains of soy protein molecules. The crosslinking structure joined with the TR self-crosslinking structure to form an interpenetrating network, which promoted a uniform and compact cured structure. The 5 wt % TR additions in the SPA was found to yield optimum results by improving the wet shear strength of the plywood by 105.4% to 1.13 MPa, which meets the interior-use plywood requirement. Therefore, the larch tannin could be applied in the modification of soy protein adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Ruiqing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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47
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Zhang X, Zhu Y, Yu Y, Song J. Improve Performance of Soy Flour-Based Adhesive with a Lignin-Based Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E261. [PMID: 30970940 PMCID: PMC6432244 DOI: 10.3390/polym9070261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A lignin-based resin (LB) was used to improve the performance of soy flour-based adhesives. Soy flour (SF), polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE), and LB were used to develop a plywood adhesive. The solid content and viscosity of the adhesive, the functional groups, the thermo-stability, and the crystallinity of the cured adhesives were characterized, and the performance of the resultant adhesive was evaluated by fabricating three-ply plywood. Results showed that the LB and PAE mixture used to modify the SF adhesive improved both dry and wet bond strength by 66.3% and 184.2%, respectively. Therefore, the PAE improved the wet bond strength, and the LB improved the dry bond strength. The improvement was attributed to: (1) the reaction of LB/PAE with the functions of the soy protein to form a cross-linking network; (2) a polycondensation reaction between the LB molecules improved the crosslinking density of the adhesive to form an interpenetration structure with cross-linked proteins; and (3) the easy penetration of the LB into the wood surface that enhanced interlocking between the wood and adhesive. Furthermore, the denser structure created by the LB and the PAE mixture improved thermal stability and decreased the crystallinity of the cured adhesive. The use of the LB and the PAE mixture increased the solid content by 35.5%, while still making its viscosity acceptable for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Zhang
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Yuding Zhu
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Youming Yu
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Jiangang Song
- Zhejiang Yongyu Bamboo Joint-Stock Co., Ltd., Anji 313301, China.
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Hemmilä V, Adamopoulos S, Karlsson O, Kumar A. Development of sustainable bio-adhesives for engineered wood panels – A Review. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stricter legislation on formaldehyde emissions as well as growing consumer interest in sustainable raw materials and products are the main driving factors behind research on bio-based adhesives, as alternatives to amino-based ones, for wood panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venla Hemmilä
- Department of Forestry and Wood Technology
- Linnaeus University
- 351 95 Växjö
- Sweden
| | | | - Olov Karlsson
- Wood Technology
- TVM
- Luleå University of Technology
- 931 87 Skellefteå
- Sweden
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Forestry and Wood Technology
- Linnaeus University
- 351 95 Växjö
- Sweden
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