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Wang J, Li S, Zhang H, Zhang X. A review of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides: Extraction, purification, structural-property relationships, and bioactive molecular mechanisms. Carbohydr Res 2024; 544:109230. [PMID: 39137472 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum L. is of great significance medicinal and edible plant, which is native to N. & Central China. The extensive health benefits of L. barbarum have earned it great respect in traditional medicine for centuries. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) being recognized as one of the most crucial bioactive compounds found within this plant, with it exhibit a diverse range of pharmacological activities and nutritional functions, thereby generating substantial market demand and broad application prospects. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of LBPs, the review discussed the extraction, purification and structural-property relationships of these compounds. In addition, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the potential mechanisms underlying various biological activities attributed to LBPs, including immune modulation, antioxidant effects, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, and antitumor properties. The application status and the future research directions of LBPs were subsequently presented. This review will establish a robust foundation and serve as an invaluable resource for future research and advancements in the field of LBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China
| | - Shifeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China.
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Chang X, Zhang D, Shi W, Yu Q, Wu Z, Yang J, Tang Z, Chen H, Yan C. An arabinoxylan (AOP70-1) isolated from Alpinia oxyphylla alleviates neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity by TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134339. [PMID: 39089558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Alpinia oxyphylla is famous for its neuroprotective and memory-improving effects. A crude polysaccharide AO70 from A. oxyphylla remarkably ameliorated neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease mice. This study aimed to explore the bioactive component of AO70 and its mechanism of action. A homogeneous polysaccharide (AOP70-1) rich in arabinose and xylose was purified from AO70, which was consisted of α-L-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, β-D-Xylp-(1→,→2,4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →2,3,4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, α-L-Rhap-(1→, α-D-Manp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-D-GlcpA-(1→, β-D-Galp-(1→, →2)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Galp-(1 → and →3,6)-α-D-Manp-(1 →. AOP70-1 (2.5, 5, 10 μM) significantly suppressed NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α production in a concentration-dependent manner and inhibited the migration of BV2 microglia. AOP70-1 inhibited LPS-mediated activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, AOP70-1 exerted neuroprotection on SH-SY5Y cells and primary neurons by reducing neuronal apoptosis (72 %, 44 %), alleviating ROS accumulation (63 %, 55 %), and improving mitochondrial membrane potential (63 %, 77 %). Overall, AOP70-1 is one of the major bioactive components in AO70 from A. oxyphylla, which has great potential in the prevention and treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wenting Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhijian Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junqiang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zonggui Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chunyan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Hou BY, Wu MH, Hsu HY, Lin YC, Yang DI. Polysaccharides from Basella alba Protect Post-Mitotic Neurons against Cell Cycle Re-Entry and Apoptosis Induced by the Amyloid-Beta Peptide by Blocking Sonic Hedgehog Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7316. [PMID: 39000427 PMCID: PMC11242684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) is the neurotoxic component in senile plaques of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. Previously we have reported that Aβ toxicity is mediated by the induction of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to trigger cell cycle re-entry (CCR) and apoptosis in post-mitotic neurons. Basella alba is a vegetable whose polysaccharides carry immunomodulatory and anti-cancer actions, but their protective effects against neurodegeneration have never been reported. Herein, we tested whether polysaccharides derived from Basella alba (PPV-6) may inhibit Aβ toxicity and explored its underlying mechanisms. In differentiated rat cortical neurons, Aβ25-35 reduced cell viability, damaged neuronal structure, and compromised mitochondrial bioenergetic functions, all of which were recovered by PPV-6. Immunocytochemistry and western blotting revealed that Aβ25-35-mediated induction of cell cycle markers including cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and histone H3 phosphorylated at Ser-10 (p-Histone H3) in differentiated neurons was all suppressed by PPV-6, along with mitigation of caspase-3 cleavage. Further studies revealed that PPV-6 inhibited Aβ25-35 induction of SHH; indeed, PPV-6 was capable of suppressing neuronal CCR and apoptosis triggered by the exogenous N-terminal fragment of sonic hedgehog (SHH-N). Our findings demonstrated that, in the fully differentiated neurons, PPV-6 exerts protective actions against Aβ neurotoxicity via the downregulation of SHH to suppress neuronal CCR and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yu Hou
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (B.-Y.H.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Ming-Hsuan Wu
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (B.-Y.H.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Hui-Yu Hsu
- Mynature Biotech Inc., Yilan 260021, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Neurology, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, Taipei 106243, Taiwan
| | - Ding-I Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (B.-Y.H.); (M.-H.W.)
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
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Wang P, Zhao B, Yin Z, Gao X, Liu M. Structure elucidation and anticancer activity of a heteropolysaccharide from white tea. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121976. [PMID: 38494228 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
White tea, one of the six traditional teas in China, is made only through natural withering and low-temperature drying processes. It demonstrates diverse pharmacological and health-promoting effects, including antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, and hypolipidemic activities. Despite the significance of polysaccharides in white tea leaves, their fine structure and physiological functions remain unexplored. In this study, the polysaccharide fragment WTP-80a with anticancer activity was isolated and purified from white tea through water extraction, alcohol precipitation, DEAE-52 ion exchange column chromatography, and sephacryl S-200 dextran gel column chromatography. WTP-80a exhibited a molecular weight of 1.14 × 105 Da and consisted of galactose (Gal), arabinose (Ara), rhamnose (Rha), and glucuronic acid (Glc-UA). The main chain skeleton of WTP-80a contained 3,6)-β-Galp-(1→, 3)-α-Galp-(1→, 5)-α-Araf-(1 → and 3)-α-Glcp-UA-(1→. Branch chains included α-Araf-(1 → and β-Rhap-(1 → connected to the C3 and C6 positions of →3,6)-β-Galp-(1→, respectively. In vitro anticancer experiments revealed that WTP-80a effectively hindered the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of B16F10 cells. Additionally, it induced apoptosis in B16F10 cells by blocking the G2/M phase, increasing active oxygen content, and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings provide a solid theoretical foundation for the application of white tea polysaccharides as anticancer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyun Wang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Baolong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhongtian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Liu W, Li K, Zhang H, Li Y, Lin Z, Xu J, Guo Y. An antitumor arabinan from Glehnia littoralis activates immunity and inhibits angiogenesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130242. [PMID: 38368974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Glehnia littoralis is an edible plant with significant medicinal value. To further elucidate the potential functional components for developing antitumor agents or functional foods, the polysaccharides in this plant were investigated, and a homogeneous polysaccharide, GLP90-2, was obtained through extraction and ethanol precipitation. By employing methylation, GC-MS, FT-IR, and NMR analysis, GLP90-2 was identified as an arabinan having a molecular weight of 7.76 × 103 g/mol and consisting of three types of residues: α-l-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, and →3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→. The subsequent functional analysis revealed that GLP90-2 suppressed tumor development and metastasis in a zebrafish model. Mechanistic studies have shown that GLP90-2 promoted the maturation of DC2.4 cells and macrophages and enhanced the expression of immune-related cytokines, which may be attributed to the interaction between GLP90-2 and TLR-4. Additionally, GLP90-2 exhibited a strong interaction with PD-1, contributing to the activation of immunity. Furthermore, GLP90-2 suppressed angiogenesis in the transgenic zebrafish model, and this impact may be ascribed to the modulation of the VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway. All the results indicate that GLP90-2 demonstrates a strong tumor immunotherapy effect in vivo and has high potential for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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Tang J, Yousaf M, Wu YP, Li QQ, Xu YQ, Liu DM. Mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127553. [PMID: 37865357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease. Despite several decades of research, the development of effective treatments and responses for Alzheimer's disease remains elusive. The utilization of polysaccharides for Alzheimer's disease became more popular due to their beneficial characteristics, notably their multi-target activity and low toxicity. This review mainly focuses on the researches of recent 5 years in the regulation of AD by naturally derived polysaccharides, systematically lists the possible intervention pathways of polysaccharides from different mechanisms, and explores the structure-activity relationship between polysaccharide structural activities, so as to provide references for the intervention and treatment of AD by polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ya-Ping Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin-Qin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Qian Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Mei Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang Z, Lu W, Liu P, Li M, Ge X, Yu B, Wu Z, Liu G, Ding N, Cui B, Chen X. Microbial modifications with Lycium barbarum L. oligosaccharides decrease hepatic fibrosis and mitochondrial abnormalities in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155068. [PMID: 37690228 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycium barbarum L. is a typical Chinese herbal and edible plant and are now consumed globally. Low molecular weight L. barbarum L. oligosaccharides (LBO) exhibit better antioxidant activity and gastrointestinal digestibility in vitro than high molecular weight polysaccharides. However, the LBO on the treatment of liver disease is not studied. PURPOSE Modification of the gut microbial ecosystem by LBO is a promising treatment for liver fibrosis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Herein, LBO were prepared and characterized. CCl4-treated mice were orally gavaged with LBO and the effects on hepatic fibrosis and mitochondrial abnormalities were evaluated according to relevant indicators (gut microbiota, faecal metabolites, and physiological and biochemical indices). RESULTS The results revealed that LBO, a potential prebiotic source, is a pyranose cyclic oligosaccharide possessing α-glycosidic and β-glycosidic bonds. Moreover, LBO supplementation restored the configuration of the bacterial community, enhanced the proliferation of beneficial species in the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., Bacillus, Tyzzerella, Fournierella and Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002), improved microbial metabolic alterations (i.e., carbohydrate metabolism, vitamin metabolism and entero-hepatic circulation), and increased antioxidants, including doxepin, in mice. Finally, LBO administration reduced serum inflammatory cytokine and hepatic hydroxyproline levels, improved intestinal and hepatic mitochondrial functions, and ameliorated mouse liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that LBO can be utilized as a prebiotic and has a remarkable ability to mitigate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wenjia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xinyi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhengzong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Guimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250353, China.
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Sun C, Chen X, Yang S, Jin C, Ding K, Chen C. LBP1C-2 from Lycium barbarum alleviated age-related bone loss by targeting BMPRIA/BMPRII/Noggin. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 310:120725. [PMID: 36925250 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Age-related bone loss is unavoidable and effective safe drugs are in great need. The fruit of Lycium barbarum was recorded to strengthen bones in the "Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica)". However, there lacks scientific explanation. Herein, we investigated L. barbarum water extract (LBE), L. barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) and the homogeneous polysaccharide LBP1C-2 on the bone loss in adult mouse, aging mouse and ovariectomized mouse models. LBE, LBP and LBP1C-2 all markedly increased bone mass and bone strength in these models and promoted osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and ossification. Mechanistic studies showed that LBP1C-2 binds directly to the BMP receptors (BMPRIA and BMPRII) and noggin, activates the phosphorylation of Smad and disrupts the interaction between noggin and BMPs. Our results clearly elucidate the mechanism, the critical component and the direct targets of L. barbarum and provide potentially safe natural products and new drug candidate against age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Shangpo Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Can Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Kan Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China.
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Gan Q, Ding Y, Peng M, Chen L, Dong J, Hu J, Ma Y. The Potential of Edible and Medicinal Resource Polysaccharides for Prevention and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050873. [PMID: 37238743 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As natural medicines in complementary and alternative medicine, edible and medicinal resources are being gradually recognized throughout the world. According to statistics from the World Health Organization, about 80% of the worldwide population has used edible and medicinal resource products to prevent and treat diseases. Polysaccharides, one of the main effective components in edible and medicinal resources, are considered ideal regulators of various biological responses due to their high effectiveness and low toxicity, and they have a wide range of possible applications for the development of functional foods for the regulation of common, frequently occurring, chronic and severe diseases. Such applications include the development of polysaccharide products for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases that are difficult to control by a single treatment, which is of great value to the aging population. Therefore, we evaluated the potential of polysaccharides to prevent neurodegeneration by their regulation of behavioral and major pathologies, including abnormal protein aggregation and neuronal damage caused by neuronal apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, unbalanced neurotransmitters, and poor synaptic plasticity. This includes multi-target and multi-pathway regulation involving the mitochondrial pathway, MAPK pathway, NF-κB pathway, Nrf2 pathway, mTOR pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, P53/P21 pathway, and BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway. In this paper, research into edible and medicinal resource polysaccharides for neurodegenerative diseases was reviewed in order to provide a basis for the development and application of polysaccharide health products and promote the recognition of functional products of edible and medicinal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Gan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yugang Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Maoyao Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jijing Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiaxi Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuntong Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611137, China
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Ghosh K, Takahashi D, Kotake T. Plant type II arabinogalactan: Structural features and modification to increase functionality. Carbohydr Res 2023; 529:108828. [PMID: 37182471 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Type II arabinogalactans (AGs) are a highly diverse class of plant polysaccharides generally encountered as the carbohydrate moieties of certain extracellular proteoglycans, the so-called arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), which are found on plasma membranes and in cell walls. The basic structure of type II AG is a 1,3-β-D-galactan main chain with 1,6-β-D-galactan side chains. The side chains are further decorated with other sugars such as α-l-arabinose and β-d-glucuronic acid. In addition, AGs with 1,6-β-D-galactan as the main chain, which are designated as 'type II related AG' in this review, can also be found in several plants. Due to their diverse and heterogenous features, the determination of carbohydrate structures of type II and type II related AGs is not easy. On the other hand, these complex AGs are scientifically and commercially attractive materials whose structures can be modified by chemical and biochemical approaches for specific purposes. In the current review, what is known about the chemical structures of type II and type II related AGs from different plant sources is outlined. After that, structural analysis techniques are considered and compared. Finally, structural modifications that enhance or alter functionality are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhan Chandra College, Asansol, 713304, West Bengal, India.
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kotake
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan; Green Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
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Huang H, Yang X, Li W, Han Q, Xu Z, Xia W, Wu M, Zhang W. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of an arabinogalactan from Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton tea processing waste. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123816. [PMID: 36841385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
An arabinogalactan named JSP-1a was isolated from Jasmine tea processing waste by DEAE Sepharose FF and Sephacryl S-200 HR chromatography. Polysaccharide JSP-1a, with an average molecular weight of 87.5 kDa, was composed of galactose (59.60 %), arabinose (33.89 %), mannose (4.81 %), and rhamnose (1.70 %). JSP-1a was found to be a type II arabinogalactan comprising the main backbone of 1, 6-linked Galp residues, and the side chain containing α-T-Araf, α-1,5-Araf, β-T-Galp, β-1,3-Galp, and β-1,4-Manp residues was attached to the O-3 position of β-1,3,6-Galp residues. Evidence from bioactivity assays indicated that JSP-1a possessed potent immunomodulatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophages: treatment with JSP-1a increased phagocytosis, activated NF-κB p65 translocation, and promoted the production of NO, reactive oxygen species (ROS), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6. Furthermore, inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 caused the suppression of NO release and cytokines secretion, which indicated that TLR-4/NF-κB pathway might play a significant role in JSP-1a-induced macrophages' immune response. The results of this study could provide a theoretical basis of JSP-1a as a safe immunostimulatory functional foods or a treatment for immunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, PR China
| | - Qifeng Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zhizhen Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Wei Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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12
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Wang H, Li Y, Dai Y, Ma L, Di D, Liu J. Screening, structural characterization and anti-adipogenesis effect of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L. by an activity-oriented approach. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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13
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Biological Evaluation of Valeriana Extracts from Argentina with Potent Cholinesterase Inhibition for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders and Their Comorbidities-The Case of Valeriana carnosa Sm. (Caprifoliaceae) Studied in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010129. [PMID: 36678626 PMCID: PMC9861714 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder whose pathophysiology includes the abnormal accumulation of proteins (e.g., β-amyloid), oxidative stress, and alterations in neurotransmitter levels, mainly acetylcholine. Here we present a comparative study of the effect of extracts obtained from endemic Argentinian species of valerians, namely V. carnosa Sm., V. clarionifolia Phil. and V. macrorhiza Poepp. ex DC from Patagonia and V. ferax (Griseb.) Höck and V. effusa Griseb., on different AD-related biological targets. Of these anxiolytic, sedative and sleep-inducing valerians, V. carnosa proved the most promising and was assayed in vivo. All valerians inhibited acetylcholinesterase (IC50 between 1.08-12.69 mg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 between 0.0019-1.46 mg/mL). They also inhibited the aggregation of β-amyloid peptide, were able to chelate Fe2+ ions, and exhibited a direct relationship between antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. Moreover, V. carnosa was able to inhibit human monoamine oxidase A (IC50: 0.286 mg/mL (0.213-0.384)). A daily intake of aqueous V. carnosa extract by male Swiss mice (50 and 150 mg/kg/day) resulted in anxiolytic and antidepressant-like behavior and improved spatial memory. In addition, decreased AChE activity and oxidative stress markers were observed in treated mouse brains. Our studies contribute to the development of indigenous herbal medicines as therapeutic agents for AD.
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Du X, Lou N, Hu S, Xiao R, Chu C, Huang Q, Lu L, Li S, Yang J. Anti-Aging of the Nervous System and Related Neurodegenerative Diseases With Chinese Herbal Medicine. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2023; 38:15333175231205445. [PMID: 37818604 PMCID: PMC10624054 DOI: 10.1177/15333175231205445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Human beings have always pursued a prolonged lifespan, while the aging of the nervous system is associated with a large variety of diseases. Pathological aging of the nervous system results in a series of neurodegenerative diseases and can cause disability and death in the elderly. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the prevention and treatment of nervous system aging. Chinese herbal medicines have a long history, featuring rich and safe ingredients, and have great potential for the development of anti-aging treatment. We searched the publications on PubMed with key words "anti-aging of the nervous system" and "Chinese herbal medicine" in recent 10 years, and found sixteen Chinese herbal medicines. Then by comparing their popularity of use as well as active components based on the research articles, five common Chinese herbal medicines namely Ginseng Radix, Lycii Fructus, Astragali Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma and Ginkgo Folium, were confirmed to be the most related to anti-nervous system aging and neural degenerative diseases. At the same time, the active ingredients, research models, action mechanisms and curative effects of these five common Chinese herbal medicines were reviewed. From the five common Chinese herbal medicines reviewed in this paper, many encouraging effects of Chinese herbal medicines on treating nervous system aging and related diseases were revealed and more potent herbs would be explored with the help of the proposed possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nanbin Lou
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Hu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruopeng Xiao
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiankai Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
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Song Q, Cheng SW, Li D, Cheng H, Lai YS, Han Q, Wu HY, Shaw PC, Zuo Z. Gut microbiota mediated hypoglycemic effect of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides in db/db mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1043527. [PMID: 36452223 PMCID: PMC9703139 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1043527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been reported to be closely associated with Type-II diabetes. Restoration of disordered gut microbiota ecosystem has been developed into a therapeutic strategy and gradually applied on Type-II diabetes treatment with both western drugs and herbal polysaccharides. Although Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides (AMP) have also been used to treat Type-II diabetes, no study investigated correlations between gut microbiota regulation and its hypoglycemic effect. In the present study, the role of gut microbiota on the hypoglycemic effect of AMP in db/db mice was investigated for the first time. Sixteen days treatment of AMP at the dosage of 600 mg/kg in db/db mice not only alleviated its diabetic symptoms significantly but also restored its gut microbiota community with increased production of fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Our further Pearson correlation analyses revealed that the relative abundance of two intestinal bacteria, Akkermansia and Faecalibaculum, were significantly positively correlated with the hypoglycemic effect of AMP as well as fecal SCFA production. It was also noted that treatment of AMP resulted in increased secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in serum and enhanced intestinal integrity. Further mechanistic study revealed that the increased SCFA after AMP treatment could stimulate GLP-1 secretion and improve intestinal integrity via enhancing the expression of G protein-coupled receptors 41/43 and tight junction proteins (Occudin and ZO-1), respectively, leading to the alleviation of diabetic symptoms in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianbo Song
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sau Wan Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huiyuan Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuen Sze Lai
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Quanbin Han
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Yan Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pang Chui Shaw
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides on Immunity and Metabolic Syndrome Associated with the Modulation of Gut Microbiota: A Review. Foods 2022. [PMCID: PMC9602392 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) have attracted increasing attention due to their multiple pharmacological activities and physiological functions. Recently, both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the biological effects of dietary LBPs are related to the regulation of gut microbiota. Supplementation with LBPs could modulate the composition of microbial communities, and simultaneously influence the levels of active metabolites, thus exerting their beneficial effects on host health. Interestingly, LBPs with diverse chemical structures may enrich or reduce certain specific intestinal microbes. The present review summarizes the extraction, purification, and structural types of LBPs and the regulation effects of LBPs on the gut microbiome and their derived metabolites. Furthermore, the health promoting effects of LBPs on host bidirectional immunity (e.g., immune enhancement and immune inflammation suppression) and metabolic syndrome (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) by targeting gut microbiota are also discussed based on their structural types. The contents presented in this review might help to better understand the health benefits of LBPs targeting gut microbiota and provide a scientific basis to further clarify the structure–function relationship of LBPs.
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17
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Zeng Z, Chang X, Zhang D, Chen H, Zhong X, Xie Y, Yu Q, Yan C. Structural elucidation and anti-neuroinflammatory activity of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:1284-1296. [PMID: 36037912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Polygala tenuifolia is extensively used to treat amnesia in traditional Chinese medicine, and pharmacological studies have reported the beneficial effects of P. tenuifolia on intelligence and cognition. In the present study, the crude polysaccharide alkali-extracted from P. tenuifolia roots (PTB) inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia/astrocyte activation and significantly improved the learning and memory ability of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats. To determine its bioactive components, a heteropolysaccharide (PTBP-1-3) was isolated from PTB. Structural analysis showed that PTBP-1-3 was composed of α-L-Araf-(1 → , → 3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →2,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, β-D-Xylp-(1→, →2,3,4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, α-L-Rhap-(1→, β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, and →2,4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → residues. PTBP-1-3 decreased the production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV2 microglia cells in a manner similar to that of minocycline. In conclusion, PTBP-1-3 exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on neuroinflammation, and could be one of the bioactive ingredients in PTB for anti-neuroinflammation. PTB and PTBP-1-3 may be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zeng
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao Chang
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhong
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yikun Xie
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chunyan Yan
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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18
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Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of the anti-Alzheimer's disease effect and mechanism. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Zhang F, Zhang X, Liang X, Wu K, Cao Y, Ma T, Guo S, Chen P, Yu S, Ruan Q, Xu C, Liu C, Qian D, Duan JA. Defensing against oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans of a polysaccharide LFP-05S from Lycii fructus. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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20
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Lycium Genus Polysaccharide: An Overview of its Extraction, Structures, Pharmacological Activities and Biological Applications. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9080197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide is considered to be the main active ingredient of the genus Lycium L., which is taken from the dried fruit of the famous Chinese herbal medicine and precious tonic known as wolfberry. Traditional uses include nourishing the liver and kidney and improving eyesight, with widespread use in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Many studies have focused on the isolation and identification of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide and its biological activities. However, the variety of raw materials and the mechanisms of polysaccharides differ. After extraction, the structure and biological activity of the obtained polysaccharides also differ. To date, approximately 58 kinds of polysaccharides have been isolated and purified from the Lycium genus, including water-soluble polysaccharides; homogeneous polysaccharides; pectin polysaccharides; acidic heteropolysaccharides; and arabinogalactans, which are composed of arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, ribose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. Pharmacological studies have shown that LBPs exhibit a variety of important biological activities, such as protection of nerves; promotion of reproduction; and anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and eyesight-improving activities. The aim this paper is to summarize previous and current references to the isolation process, structural characteristics, and biological activities of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide. This review will provide a useful reference for further research and application of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide in the field of functional food and medicine.
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21
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Liu H, Zhang Z, Li J, Liu W, Warda M, Cui B, Abd El-Aty AM. Oligosaccharides derived from Lycium barbarum ameliorate glycolipid metabolism and modulate the gut microbiota community and the faecal metabolites in a type 2 diabetes mouse model: metabolomic bioinformatic analysis. Food Funct 2022; 13:5416-5429. [PMID: 35475434 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02667d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we assessed the effects of Lycium barbarum oligosaccharides (LBO) on the intestinal microenvironment of a type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model through gut microbiome and metabolomics analysis. We set high (300 mg kg-1), medium (200 mg kg-1), and low (100 mg kg-1) doses of LBO for intervention once a day for 4 weeks. The results showed that the intervention effect of the medium-dose group was the most significant. It reduced the symptoms of hyperglycemia, inflammation, insulin resistance, and lipid accumulation in the T2D mouse model. It restored the structure of damaged tissues and cells, such as the pancreas, liver, and kidneys. LBO increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Akkermansia, and maintained intestinal barrier integrity. The faecal metabolic map showed that the contents of glycogen amino acids, such as proline, serine, and leucine, increased. The contents of cholic, capric, and dodecanoic acid decreased. In summary, we may suggest that LBO can be used as a prebiotic for treating T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Jianpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Yucheng People's Hospital, Dezhou, 251200, China
| | - Mohamad Warda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza-12211, Egypt
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza-12211, Egypt.,Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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22
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Wang H, Li Y, Wang X, Li Y, Cui J, Jin DQ, Tuerhong M, Abudukeremu M, Xu J, Guo Y. Preparation and structural properties of selenium modified heteropolysaccharide from the fruits of Akebia quinata and in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118950. [PMID: 34973766 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease, and blocking tumor angiogenesis has become one of the most promising approaches in cancer therapy. Here, an exopoly heteropolysaccharide (AQP70-2B) was firstly isolated from Akebia quinata. Monosaccharide composition indicated that the AQP70-2B was composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. The backbone of AQP70-2B consisted of →1)-l-Araf, →3)-l-Araf-(1→, →5)-l-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-l-Araf-(1→, →2,5)-l-Araf-(1→, →4)-d-Glcp-(1→, →6)-d-Galp-(1→, and →1)-d-Rhap residues. Based on the close relationship between selenium and anti-tumor activity, AQP70-2B was modified with selenium to obtain selenized polysaccharide Se-AQP70-2B. Then, a series of methods for analysis and characterization, especially scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), indicated that Se-AQP70-2B was successfully synthesized. Furthermore, zebrafish xenografts and anti-angiogenesis experiments indicated that selenization could improve the antitumor activity by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and migration and blocking angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Qing Jin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhetaer Tuerhong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Munira Abudukeremu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Huang W, Zhao M, Wang X, Tian Y, Wang C, Sun J, Wang Z, Gong G, Huang L. Revisiting the structure of arabinogalactan from Lycium barbarum and the impact of its side chain on anti-ageing activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 286:119282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Sun Q, Du M, Kang Y, Zhu MJ. Prebiotic effects of goji berry in protection against inflammatory bowel disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022:1-25. [PMID: 34991393 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2015680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing, which is concerning because IBD is a known risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer. Emerging evidence highlights environmental factors, particularly dietary factors and gut microbiota dysbiosis, as pivotal inducers of IBD onset. Goji berry, an ancient tonic food and a nutraceutical supplement, contains a range of phytochemicals such as polysaccharides, carotenoids, and polyphenols. Among these phytochemicals, L. barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are the most important functional constituents, which have protective effects against oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Recently, the beneficial effects of goji berry and associated LBPs consumption were linked to prebiotic effects, which can prevent dysbiosis associated with IBD. This review assessed pertinent literature on the protective effects of goji berry against IBD focusing on the gut microbiota and their metabolites in mediating the observed beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Yifei Kang
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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HUANG T, QIN K, YAN Y, HE X, DAI G, ZHANG B. Correlation between the storability and fruit quality of fresh goji berries. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.46120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting HUANG
- NingXia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, PR China
| | - Ken QIN
- NingXia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, PR China
| | - Yamei YAN
- NingXia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, PR China
| | - Xinru HE
- NingXia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, PR China
| | - Guoli DAI
- NingXia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, PR China
| | - Bo ZHANG
- NingXia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, PR China
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Liu J, Li Y, Pu Q, Qiu H, Di D, Cao Y. A polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L.: Structure and protective effects against oxidative stress and high-glucose-induced apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 201:111-120. [PMID: 34968548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are beneficial for vision; however, relevant research has mainly focused on entire crude polysaccharides, with the basis and exact structure of the polysaccharide rarely explored. In this study, LICP009-3F-2a, a novel polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L., was separated and then purified using anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Structural characteristics were investigated using chemical and spectroscopic methods, which revealed that LICP009-3F-2a has an Mw of 13720 Da and is an acidic heteropolysaccharide composed of rhamnose (39.1%), arabinose (7.4%), galactose (22.5%), glucose (8.3%), galacturonic acid (13.7%), and glucuronic acid (4.0%). Linkage and NMR data revealed that LICP009-3F-2a has the following backbone: →2)-α-L-Rha-(1→2,4)-α-L-Rha- (1→4)-α-D-GalAp-(1→3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, with three main branches, including: α-L-Araf-(1→5)-α-L-Araf-(1→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→2,4)-α-L-Rha-(1→, β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, and β-D-Galp-(1→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→3,6) -β-D-Galp-(1→. Differential scanning colorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis showed that LICP009-3F-2a is thermally stable, while X-ray diffractometry showed that LICP009-3F-2a has a semi-crystalline structure. In addition, LICP009-3F-2a protects ARPE-19 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage by regulating the expression of antioxidant SOD1 and CAT enzymes and down-regulating MMP2 expression. Moreover, LICP009-3F-2a promotes the proliferation of ARPE-19 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, and protects ARPE-19 cells from hyperglycemia by inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunchun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Duolong Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Youlong Cao
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China.
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Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Energy Balance in a NAFLD Cell Model. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 28:975-982. [PMID: 34874519 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3309-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the protective effect and underlying mechanism of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) in a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cell model. METHODS Normal human hepatocyte LO2 cells were treated with 1 mmol/L free fatty acids (FFA) mixture for 24 h to induce NAFLD cell model. Cells were divided into 5 groups, including control, model, low-, medium- and high dose LBP (30,100 and 300 µg/mL) groups. The monosaccharide components of LBP were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography. Effects of LBP on cell viability and intracellular lipid accumulation were assessed by cell counting Kit-8 assay and oil red O staining, respectively. Triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and oxidative stress indicators were evaluated. Energy balance and mitochondrial biogenesis related mRNA and proteins were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS Heteropolysaccharides with mannose and glucose are the main components of LBP. LBP treatment significantly decreased intracellular lipid accumulation as well as TG, ALT, AST and malondialdehyde levels (P<0.05 or P<0.01), increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and ATP in NAFLD cell model (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the expression of uncoupling protein 2 was down-regulated and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α/nuclear respiratory factor 1/mitochondrial transcription factor A pathway was up-regulated (P<0.05). CONCLUSION LBP promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and improves energy balance in NAFLD cell model.
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He F, Zhang S, Li Y, Chen X, Du Z, Shao C, Ding K. The structure elucidation of novel arabinogalactan LRP1-S2 against pancreatic cancer cells growth in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118172. [PMID: 34119144 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr is used as traditional medicine and functional food. Previously we reported that one RG-I pectin from this fruit might inhibit pancreatic cancer cells growth. We further hypothesized that there might be other type of polysaccharides in this fruit also have anti-tumor effect. Here, we showed novel structure of a homogeneous polysaccharide named LRP1-S2 from this fruit and its anti-pancreatic cancer effect. Structure analyses suggested that LRP1-S2 was a novel arabinogalactan with the molecular weight (Mw) of 17.0 kDa. Bioactivity test showed that LRP1-S2 might attenuate the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to normal pancreatic HPDE6-C7 cells and LO2 liver cells. Mechanism study indicated that it might induce apoptosis of BxPC-3 by inactivating P38 MAPK/NF-κB and GSK-3β/β-Catenin signaling pathways. These results suggested that LRP1-S2 could be a potential anti-tumor leading compound for functional food and new drug development. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS: arabinogalactan, pectin, galactan, arabinan, RN-1, HH1-1, LRP1-S2, LRP3-S1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yanan Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xia Chen
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhenyun Du
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chenghao Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, PR China.
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Structural characterization and antitumor activity of a polysaccharide from Dendrobium wardianum. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118253. [PMID: 34294290 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Through hot water extraction, protein removal and chromatographic purification, DWPP-Is was found to be the major polysaccharide present in the stem of D. wardianum. The Mn and Mw of DWPP-Is were 29.0 kDa and 98.6 kDa, respectively. Furthermore, mannose and glucose were found to be the most abundant monosaccharides in DWPP-Is. Their backbones consist of (1 → 4)-β-d-Glcp and O-acetylated (1 → 4)-β-d-Manp, which are similar to the structures of other anti-tumour Dendrobium polysaccharides. The inhibition rate of DWPP-Is treatment on SPC-A-1 cells (2 mg/mL, 72 h) reached 56.0%. Intragastric administration of DWPP-Is on A549 tumour-bearing KM mice (10 mg/mL, 0.2 mL) exhibited similar inhibition ratios to that of erlotinib hydrochloride (2 mg/mL). Moreover, the highest inhibition was observed in P-CK treatment combined with DWPP-Is, reaching an inhibition rate of 23.4%. These results suggest that DWPP-Is has the potential to be a functional agent for lung cancer prevention.
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Dhage PA, Sharbidre AA, Dakua SP, Balakrishnan S. Leveraging hallmark Alzheimer's molecular targets using phytoconstituents: Current perspective and emerging trends. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111634. [PMID: 33965726 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a type of dementia, severely distresses different brain regions. Characterized by various neuropathologies, it interferes with cognitive functions and neuropsychiatrical controls. This progressive deterioration has negative impacts not only on an individual's daily activity but also on social and occupational life. The pharmacological approach has always remained in the limelight for the treatment of AD. However, this approach is condemned with several side effects. Henceforth, a change in treatment approach has become crucial. Plant-based natural products are garnering special attention due to lesser side effects associated with their use. The current review emphasizes the anti-AD properties of phytoconstituents, throws light on those under clinical trials, and compiles information on their specific mode of actions against AD-related different neuropathologies. The phytoconstituents alone or in combinations will surely help discover new potent drugs for the effective treatment of AD with lesser side effects than the currently available pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta A Dhage
- Department of Zoology, K.R.T. Arts, B.H. Commerce and A.M. Science College (KTHM College), Nashik 422002, MS, India
| | - Archana A Sharbidre
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, MS, India.
| | - Sarada P Dakua
- Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), 3050 Doha, Qatar
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Wu J, Chen T, Wan F, Wang J, Li X, Li W, Ma L. Structural characterization of a polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum and its neuroprotective effect against β-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 176:352-363. [PMID: 33549666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide, designated as LBP-3, was isolated and purified from Lycium barbarum. Chemical analysis indicated that LBP-3 was composed of arabinose and galactose at a molar ratio of 1.00:1.56. The average molecular weight of LBP-3 was 6.74 × 104 Da. The structural features of LBP-3 were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), methylation, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). LBP-3 is a highly branched polysaccharide with a backbone of 1, 3-linked β-Galp, which is partially substituted at C-6. The branches contain 1, 5-linked α-Araf, 1, 6-linked β-Galp, 1, 3-linked α-Araf, and 1, 4-linked α-Araf. In vitro studies revealed that LBP-3 induced a concentration-dependent decrease in the levels of Aβ42/Aβ40 in N2a/APP695 cells. Proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate the potential molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of LBP-3, and the results suggested that LBP-3 might have the potential for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Wu
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Fengqi Wan
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; The second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xin Li
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Wenjian Li
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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Structural properties and in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory activity of an arabinofuranan from the fruits of Akebia quinata. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 256:117521. [PMID: 33483042 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In our continuous searching for natural active polysaccharides with immunomodulatory activity, an arabinofuranan (AQP70-3) was isolated and purified from the fruits of Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. by using ion-exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography for the first time. AQP70-3 contained both α-l-Araf and β-l-Araf, and the absolute molecular weight was 1.06 × 104 g/mol. The backbone of AQP70-3 comprised →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, and →2,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, with branches of →1)-β-l-Arafand →3)-α-l-Araf-(1→ residues. Biological assay suggested that AQP70-3 can stimulate phagocytic activity and promote the levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, AQP70-3 was found to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO in zebrafish embryo model.
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Ye M, Yu J, Shi X, Zhu J, Gao X, Liu W. Polysaccharides catabolism by the human gut bacterium - Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron: advances and perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3569-3588. [PMID: 32779480 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1803198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the degradation processes of polysaccharides by human gut microbiota are receiving considerable attention due to the discoveries of the powerful function of gut microbiota. Gut microbiota has developed a sensitive, accurate, and complex system for sensing, capturing, and degrading different polysaccharides. Among the gut microbiota, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a representative species of Bacteroides, is considered as the best degrader of polysaccharides and a potential probiotic in pharmaceutical and food industries. Here, we summarize the degradation system of B. thetaiotaomicron and the degradation pathways of different polysaccharides by B. thetaiotaomicron. We also describe a technical route for investigating a specific polysaccharide degradation pathway by human gut bacteria. In addition, we also provide the future perspectives in the development of novel polysaccharides or oligosaccharides drugs, precision microbiology medicine, and personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Juping Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xuexia Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, PR China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, PR China
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D-serine Ameliorates Motor and Cognitive Impairments in β-amyloid 1-42 Injected Mice by Inhibiting JNK Signaling Pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 109:101852. [PMID: 32781134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The senile plaque formed by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the brain is one of the main pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. This study aimed to investigate that D-serine may ameliorate motor and cognitive impairment in Aβ injected mice by inhibiting JNK signaling pathway. Firstly, Kunming mice were injected intrahippocampally with Aβ1-42 to build AD model. The mice were injected intraperitoneally with saline, D-serine, D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), and Sodium benzoate (BE) for 10 consecutive days, respectively. Subsequently, the motor and cognitive functions of mice were detected by behavioral tests. The silver staining and immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the distributions of Aβ in the hippocampus of mice. 18F-2-Fluro-D-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) scans were performed to detected glucose metabolism of Aβ1-42 induced lesions. The expressions of relative JNK factors were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods. These results showed that Aβ severely impaired the motor and memory abilities of mice. The expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1), phospho-JNK (p-JNK), p-c-Jun and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) increased significantly. After D-serine treatment, the abilities of movement and memory of mice were improved, and the clearance rate of Aβ was accelerated. The expressions of GFAP, TNF-α, NMDAR1, p-JNK, p-c-Jun and ATF2 decreased significantly. DAAO and BE were administered to further validate these results. Therefore, this study showed that D-serine could alleviate the cognitive impairment of Aβ1-42 injected mice by inhibiting JNK signaling pathway. These results provide more evidences for the effect of D-serine on AD and relevant mechanism to treat AD.
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Tabarsa M, Dabaghian EH, You S, Yelithao K, Palanisamy S, Prabhu NM, Li C. Inducing inflammatory response in RAW264.7 and NK-92 cells by an arabinogalactan isolated from Ferula gummosa via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zeng H, Li P, Zhou L, Ding K. A novel pectin from Polygala tenuifolia blocks Aβ 42 aggregation and production by enhancing insulin-degradation enzyme and neprilysin. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:35-43. [PMID: 32473218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
More and more evidences show that pectin polysaccharide may have impact on Aβ42, one important molecule implicated in Alzhemer's disease pathology. We speculate special structural motif of pectin might have better bioactivity on Aβ42. To address this hypothesis, we reported structure and impact of a novel pectin RP02-1 with the molecular weight of 116.0 kDa from roots of Polygala tenuifolia on Aβ42 aggregation and production and the underlying mechanism. Its structure is characterized as a backbone of alternate 1, 2, 4-linked α-Rhap and 1, 4-linked α-GalpA, with branches of terminal (T) -, 1, 3-,1, 4-, 1, 6- and 1, 3, 6-linked β-Galp, T-, 1, 5- and 1, 3, 5-linked α-Araf substituted at C-4 of 1, 2, 4-linked α-Rhap. Bioactivity study shows that this pectin may significantly block the aggregation of Aβ42. We further show that RP02-1 suppresses Aβ42 production with no apparent cytotoxicity in both CHO/APPBACE1 and HEK293-APPsw cells. Mechanism study demonstrates that RP02-1 may enhance the expression of insulin-degradation enzyme (IDE) and neprilysin (NEP), which are the main enzymes involved in Aβ degradation. These results suggest that RP02-1 may be a candidate leading compound for anti-Alzheimer's disease new drug development by attenuating Aβ42 production and inhibiting Aβ42 aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zeng
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Piaopiao Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University; Nanchang 330006, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lishuang Zhou
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Arabinogalactan derived from Lycium barbarum fruit inhibits cancer cell growth via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:639-650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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38
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An Y, Zhang H, Huang S, Pei G. PL201, a Reported Rhamnoside Against Alzheimer's Disease Pathology, Alleviates Neuroinflammation and Stimulates Nrf2 Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:162. [PMID: 32174909 PMCID: PMC7056876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation induced by overactivated glia cells is believed to be a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and a hopeful target against AD. A rhamnoside PL201 was previously reported to promote neurogenesis and ameliorate AD, and in this study, we revealed that PL201 also significantly reduced accumulation of the activated microglia and proinflammatory cytokines in APP/PS1 mice. In vitro, PL201 consistently suppressed the microglia induction of proinflammatory cytokines after stimulation with lipopolysaccharides and Aβ42. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that PL201 considerably enhanced the expression level and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, a key regulator of neuroinflammation. Moreover, PL201 effectively stimulated Nrf2 signaling cascade, including upregulation of HO-1 and downregulation of NF-κB pathway. Thus, our findings indicated the anti-neuroinflammatory effect by PL201 in vivo and suggested that PL201 or the like, with multiple functions such as neurogenesis, mitochondria maintenance, and anti-neuroinflammation, could be a promising candidate in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian An
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Structural characterization and antineuroinflammatory activity of a novel heteropolysaccharide obtained from the fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Zhou Y, Duan Y, Huang S, Zhou X, Zhou L, Hu T, Yang Y, Lu J, Ding K, Guo D, Cao X, Pei G. Polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum ameliorate amyloid pathology and cognitive functions in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:1004-1012. [PMID: 31715236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common degenerative disease of the central nervous system. It is associated with abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, impaired neurogenesis, and damaged cognitive functions. We have known for a long time that natural compounds and their derivatives have gained increasing attention in AD drug research due to their multiple effects and inherently enormous chemicals. In this study, we will demonstrate that polysaccharides from L. barbarum (LBP1), a traditional natural compound, can reduce Aβ level and improve the cognitive functions in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse. LBP1 can enhance neurogenesis as indicated by BrdU/NeuN double labeling. Furthermore, it can restore synaptic dysfunction at hippocampus CA3-CA1 pathway. Additionally, in vitro cell assay indicates that LBP1 may affect Aβ processing. In conclusion, our study indicates that LBP1 might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD against multiple targets that include synaptic plasticity, Aβ pathology and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yanhong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichao Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lishuang Zhou
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Dean Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China.
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Zhang W, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Zhao W, Zheng Y, Qian H. Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of Sparassis crispa polysaccharides possessing protective ability against H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:22164-22175. [PMID: 35516616 PMCID: PMC9054537 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01581d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraction optimization, structural characterization, and neuroprotective effects of polysaccharides from Sparassis crispa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Wenjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - Yuenan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology
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Structural elucidation and bioactivities of a novel arabinogalactan from Coreopsis tinctoria. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 219:219-228. [PMID: 31151520 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coreopsis tinctoria is being widely cultivated in Xinjiang of China, whose consumption is known to prevent diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. To elucidate the bioactive ingredients responsible for these benefits, the alkaline soluble crude polysaccharide (CTB) was isolated from C. tinctoria. In vitro experiments showed that the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase by CTB was 13407-fold and 906-fold higher than that by positive control, respectively. Then, a novel arabinogalactan, CTBP-1, was isolated and purified from CTB. Structural analysis showed that CTBP-1 possessed a 1,6-linked β-d-Galp and 1,5-linked α-l-Araf backbone with branches substituted at the C-3 position of the 1,6-linked β-d-Galp, and the side chains included 1,5-linked α-l-Araf, T-linked β-d-Galp and T-linked α-l-Araf. The inhibitory effects of CTBP-1 on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were 2.7 and 17.9 times that of acarbose, respectively. CTBP-1 could avoid indigestion and similar side effects. In addition, CTBP-1 remarkably inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. In summary, CTBP-1 is a novel arabinogalactan with great potential as a treatment for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
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Ceramic membrane filtration of factory sugarcane juice: Effect of pretreatment on permeate flux, juice quality and fouling. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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A pectin from fruits of Lycium barbarum L. decreases β-amyloid peptide production through modulating APP processing. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 201:65-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Rjeibi I, Feriani A, Saad AB, Ncib S, Sdayria J, Hfaiedh N, Allagui MS. Lycium europaeum Linn as a source of polysaccharide with in vitro antioxidant activities and in vivo anti-inflammatory and hepato-nephroprotective potentials. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 225:116-127. [PMID: 29958959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lycium europaeum Linn. is widely used to treat the burning of the skin and well-known as a medicinal plant having various biological activities. AIMS OF THE STUDY The purpose of the present study is to characterize the polysaccharide from L. europaeum L. leaves (LEP) and to explore its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepato-nephroprotective properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS The structural and functional characteristics of LEP were investigated using X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and FT-IR Spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Hepato-renal effects were studied using CCl4 and cisplatin-induced liver and kidney injuries in mice, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed on carrageenan-induced paw edema. RESULTS The LEP showed an interesting water-holding capacity and effective foaming and emulsifying properties. XRD analysis suggested that LEP form a semi-crystalline polymer with an amorphous structure. FT-IR profile showed the presence of pyranose ring in LEP. SEM and helix-coil transition analyses indicated that LEP had a lamellar structure with angular edges and didn't present a triple helical conformation in solution. In vitro, LEP indicated significant concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. In vivo, LEP treatment significantly reduced the effects of CCl4 intoxication on serum liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, LDH, and GGT) and the effect of cisplatin on serum renal biomarkers (urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid). Meanwhile, LEP diminishes significantly the effect of CCl4 and cisplatin on the level of lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney tissues, respectively. Additionally, the normal histological structure of liver and kidney was restored after treatment with the polysaccharide. LEP possessed a significant anti-inflammatory activity on acute inflammation induced by carrageenan in mice. CONCLUSION Overall, the findings of this study support the traditional use of L. europaeum L. This plant may also be used as a good agent for protection against inflammatory diseases and hepato-renal injuries in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhem Rjeibi
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia.
| | - Anouar Feriani
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Anouar Ben Saad
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Sana Ncib
- Common Services Unit for Research, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Jazia Sdayria
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Najla Hfaiedh
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
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