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Cai Z, Zhou W, Zhang R, Tang Y, Hu K, Wu F, Huang C, Hu Y, Yang T, Chen Y. Fabrication and characterization of oxidized starch-xanthan gum composite nanoparticles with efficient emulsifying properties. Food Chem 2024; 455:139679. [PMID: 38823125 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
This study involved the preparation of nanoparticles by combining oxidized starch (OS) with xanthan gum (XG), and emulsions were prepared from this nanoparticle. The physical and chemical characteristics, as well as the emulsification properties of oxidized starch-xanthan gum composite nanoparticles (OGNP), were analyzed. The findings revealed that the OGNP retained spherical shape after the addition of XG, although their diameter increased from approximately 50-150 to 200-400 nm. Zeta potential decreased with XG content. Moreover, emulsions prepared from OGNP exhibited outstanding thermal stability, also showing enhanced storage stability. In addition, emulsions had different rheological properties at different pH values. The apparent viscosity and shear stress of emulsions under alkaline conditions were lower than that of neutral conditions. NaCl increased the apparent viscosity of OGNP-stabilized emulsions while reducing their thermal stability. The nanoparticles prepared in this study have efficient emulsification properties and can extend the application of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cai
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Yuqi Tang
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Fangfang Wu
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province 571199, China.
| | - Yun Chen
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China.
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Shen J, Chen Y, Li X, Zhou X, Ding Y. Enhanced probiotic viability in innovative double-network emulsion gels: Synergistic effects of the whey protein concentrate-xanthan gum complex and κ-carrageenan. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:131758. [PMID: 38714282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the whey protein concentrate and xanthan gum complex obtained by specific pH treatment, along with κ-carrageenan (KC), were used to encapsulate Lactobacillus acidophilus JYLA-191 in an emulsion gel system. The effects of crosslinking and KC concentration on the visual characteristics, stability, mechanical properties, and formation mechanism of emulsion gels were investigated. The results of optical imaging, particle size distribution, and rheology exhibited that with the addition of crosslinking agents, denser and more homogeneous emulsion gels were formed, along with a relative decrease in the droplet size and a gradual increase in viscosity. Especially when the concentration of citric acid (CA) was 0.09 wt%, KC was 0.8 wt%, and K+ was present in the system, the double-network emulsion gel was stable at high temperatures and in freezing environments, and the swelling ratio was the lowest (9.41%). Gastrointestinal tract digestive treatments and pasteurization revealed that the probiotics encapsulated in the double-network emulsion gel had a higher survival rate, which was attributed to the synergistic cross-linking of CA and K+ biopolymers to construct the emulsion gels. Overall, this study highlights the potential of emulsion gels to maintain probiotic vitality and provides valuable insights for developing inventive functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yuting Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
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Adhikari J, Dasgupta S, Das P, Gouripriya DA, Barui A, Basak P, Ghosh M, Saha P. Bilayer regenerated cellulose/quaternized chitosan-hyaluronic acid/collagen electrospun scaffold for potential wound healing applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129661. [PMID: 38266850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a bilayer electrospun scaffold has been prepared using regenerated cellulose (RC)/quaternized chitosan (CS) as the primary layer and collagen/hyaluronic acid (HA) as the second layer. An approximate 48 mol% substituted (estimated from 1H NMR) quaternized CS was used in this study. Both layers were crosslinked with EDC/NHS, reflecting an increase in UTS (2.29 MPa for the bilayer scaffold compared to 1.82 MPa for the RC scaffold). Initial cell viability, cell adhesion and proliferation, FDA staining for live cells, and hydroxyproline release rate from cells were evaluated with L929 mouse fibroblast cells. Also, detailed in vitro studies were performed using HADF cells, which include MTT Assay, Live/Dead imaging, DAPI staining, gene expression of PDGF, VEGF-A, and COL1 in RT-PCR, and cell cycle analysis. The collagen/HA-based bilayer scaffold depicted a 9.76-fold increase of VEGF-A compared to a 2.1-fold increase for the RC scaffold, indicating angiogenesis and vascularization potential. In vitro scratch assay was performed to observe the migration of cells in simulated wounds. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and protease inhibitory activity were further performed, and overall, the primary results highlighted the potential usage of bilayer scaffold in wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Adhikari
- School of Advanced Materials, Green Energy and Sensor Systems, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Shalini Dasgupta
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Das
- School of Bioscience and Engineering, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - D A Gouripriya
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, WB 700091, India
| | - Ananya Barui
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Piyali Basak
- School of Bioscience and Engineering, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Manojit Ghosh
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Prosenjit Saha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, WB 700091, India.
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Dong Y, Xie Y, Ma X, Yan L, Yu HY, Yang M, Abdalkarim SYH, Jia B. Multi-functional nanocellulose based nanocomposites for biodegradable food packaging: Hybridization, fabrication, key properties and application. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121325. [PMID: 37739512 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, non-degradable plastic packaging materials have caused serious environmental pollution, posing a threat to human health and development. Renewable eco-friendly nanocellulose hybrid (NCs-hybrid) composites as an ideal alternative to petroleum-based plastic food packaging have been extensively reported in recent years. NCs-hybrids include metal, metal oxides, organic frameworks (MOFs), plants, and active compounds. However, no review systematically summarizes the preparation, processing, and multi-functional applications of NCs-hybrid composites. In this review, the design and hybridization of various NCs-hybrids, the processing of multi-scale nanocomposites, and their key properties in food packaging applications were systematically explored for the first time. Moreover, the synergistic effects of various NCs-hybrids on several properties of composites, including mechanical, thermal, UV shielding, waterproofing, barrier, antimicrobial, antioxidant, biodegradation and sensing were reviewed in detailed. Then, the problems and advances in research on renewable NCs-hybrid composites are suggested for biodegradable food packaging applications. Finally, a future packaging material is proposed by using NCs-hybrids as nanofillers and endowing them with various properties, which are denoted as "PACKAGE" and characterized by "Property, Application, Cellulose, Keen, Antipollution, Green, Easy."
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjuan Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yao Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xue Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ling Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hou-Yong Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Mingchen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Somia Yassin Hussain Abdalkarim
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Bowen Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Park Avenue 2 No.928, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Ji C, Wang Y. Nanocellulose-stabilized Pickering emulsions: Fabrication, stabilization, and food applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 318:102970. [PMID: 37523998 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Pickering emulsions have been widely studied due to their good stability and potential applications. Nanocellulose including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), and bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNFs) has emerged as sustainable stabilizers/emulsifiers in food-related Pickering emulsions due to their favorable properties such as renewability, low toxicity, amphiphilicity, biocompatibility, and high aspect ratio. Nanocellulose can be widely obtained from different sources and extraction methods and can effectively stabilize Pickering emulsions via the irreversible adsorption onto oil-water interface. The synergistic effects of nanocellulose and other substances can further enhance the interfacial networks. The nanocellulose-based Pickering emulsions have potential food-related applications in delivery systems, food packaging materials, and fat substitutes. Nanocellulose-based Pickering emulsions as 3D printing inks exhibit good injectable and gelling properties and are promising to print spatial architectures. In the future, the utilization of biomass waste and the development of "green" and facile extraction methods for nanocellulose production deserve more attention. The stability of nanocellulose-based Pickering emulsions in multi-component food systems and at various conditions is an utmost challenge. Moreover, the case-by-case studies on the potential safety issues of nanocellulose-based Pickering emulsions need to be carried out with the standardized assessment procedures. In this review, we highlight key fundamental work and recent reports on nanocellulose-based Pickering emulsion systems. The sources and extraction of nanocellulose and the fabrication of nanocellulose-based Pickering emulsions are briefly summarized. Furthermore, the synergistic stability and food-related applications of nanocellulose-stabilized Pickering emulsions are spotlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuye Ji
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Zhou W, Cai Z, Zhang R, Hu K, Wu F, Hu Y, Huang C, Chen Y. Preparation and emulsification properties of cationic starch-xanthan gum composite nanoparticles. Food Chem 2023; 421:136143. [PMID: 37094403 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, nanoparticles were prepared by the composite of cationic starch (CS) and xanthan gum (XG) through gelatinization and alcohol precipitation for the first time. Physicochemical properties, micromorphology, and emulsification properties of CS/XG nanoparticles were measured. SEM showed that after compositing with XG, the diameter size of the CS/XG nanoparticles was increased from about 50 nm to 150-300 nm. FT-IR, XRD and 13C CP/MAS NMR confirmed that XG was successfully complexed with CS. Besides, the visual observation indicated emulsions stabilized by CS/XG nanoparticles had excellent storage and thermal properties. Additionally, the rheological and stability results of emulsions show that pH and NaCl had effects on the rheological and stability properties of emulsions, which means that the prepared emulsions had environmental responsiveness. Thus, this work provides an efficient method to prepare CS and GX composite nanoparticles with efficient emulsifying properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Kun Hu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Fangfang Wu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Yong Hu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China
| | - Chao Huang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China.
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province 528458, China.
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Yang Y, Gupta VK, Amiri H, Pan J, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M, Rajaei A. Recent developments in improving the emulsifying properties of chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124210. [PMID: 37001778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the valuable products obtained from crustacean waste. The unique characteristics of chitosan (antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory) have increased its application in various sectors. Besides unique biological properties, chitosan or chitosan-based compounds can stabilize emulsions. Nevertheless, studies have shown that chitosan cannot be used as an efficient stabilizer because of its high hydrophilicity. Hence, this review aims to provide an overview of recent studies dealing with improving the emulsifying properties of chitosan. In general, two different approaches have been reported to improve the emulsifying properties of chitosan. The first approach tries to improve the stabilization property of chitosan by modifying its structure. The second one uses compounds such as polysaccharides, proteins, surfactants, essential oils, and polyphenols with more wettability and emulsifying properties than chitosan's particles in combination with chitosan to create complex particles. The tendency to use chitosan-based particles to stabilize Pickering emulsions has recently increased. For this reason, more studies have been conducted in recent years to improve the stabilizing properties of chitosan-based particles, especially using the electrostatic interaction method. In the electrostatic interaction method, numerous research has been conducted on using proteins and polysaccharides to increase the stabilizing property of chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran; Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Junting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mortaza Aghbashlo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India.
| | - Ahmad Rajaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
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Da Rocha J, Mustafa SK, Jagnandan A, Ahmad MA, Rebezov M, Shariati MA, Krebs de Souza C. Development of active and biodegradable film of ternary-based for food application. POTRAVINARSTVO 2023. [DOI: 10.5219/1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of plastic packaging in protecting food is quite appreciable, but its non-biodegradable characteristic raises concerns about environmental impacts. This has drawn attention to the development of alternative materials for food packaging from bio-based polymers. Chitosan, a polysaccharide with biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic properties, is widely used in the formulation of food films. The objective of this work was to create a biodegradable and sustainable chitosan-based film whose active and intelligent action is obtained from red cabbage anthocyanins and the addition of propolis. The edible film’s thickness and total polyphenol content were 61.0 ±0.1μm and 20.08 ±0.5 mgAG g-1, respectively. The content of phenolic compounds and the biodegradation showed significant results (p <0.05), besides the good thermal stability to 200 °C and transparency. The proposed formulation developed an edible, biodegradable, and active (antioxidant) film with interesting heat-sealing resistance, moisture barrier and gas transfer, which contributes to increasing food shelf life.
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9
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Deng Z, Wu Z, Tan X, Deng F, Chen Y, Chen Y, Zhang H. Preparation, Characterization and Antibacterial Property Analysis of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) and Chitosan Nanoparticles Fine-Tuned Starch Film. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238542. [PMID: 36500634 PMCID: PMC9739116 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the mechanical and antibacterial properties of traditional starch-based film, herein, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) were introduced to potato starch (PS, film-forming matrix) for the preparation of nanocomposite film without incorporation of additional antibacterial agents. CNCs with varied concentrations were added to PS and CS NPs composite system to evaluate the optimal film performance. The results showed that tensile strength (TS) of nanocomposite film with 0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1% (w/w) CNCs incorporation were 41, 46, 47 and 41 MPa, respectively. The elongation at break (EAB) reached 12.5, 10.2, 7.1 and 13.3%, respectively. Due to the reinforcing effect of CNCs, surface morphology and structural properties of nanocomposite film were altered. TGA analysis confirmed the existence of hydrogen bondings and electrostatic attractions between components in the film-forming matrix. The prepared nanocomposite films showed good antibacterial properties against both E. coli and S. aureus. The nanocomposite film, consist of three most abundant biodegradable polymers, could potentially serve as antibacterial packaging films with strong mechanical properties for food and allied industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fangkun Deng
- Jiangxi New Dragon Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yichun 336000, China
| | - Yaobang Chen
- Sibang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Yichun 336000, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongcai Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-021-3420-6567
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Baek J, Ramasamy M, Cho DG, Chung Soo CC, Kapar S, Lee JY, Tam KC. A new approach for the encapsulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae using shellac and cellulose nanocrystals. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Xia M, Gao R, Xu G, You Y, Li X, Dou J, Fan F. Fabrication and investigation of novel monochloroacetic acid fortified, tripolyphosphate-crosslinked chitosan for highly efficient adsorption of uranyl ions from radioactive effluents. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128461. [PMID: 35228076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan crosslinked with potassium tripolyphosphate (CTPP) and monochloroacetic-acid-modified chitosan crosslinked with potassium tripolyphosphate (MCTPP) were synthesized for removing UO22+ from acidic radioactive effluents. The influential factors, operational requirements, and interactive mechanisms of the adsorption process were systematically investigated. The mesh-structured composites adsorbed UO22+ most effectively at pH 5.0. The maximum adsorption capacities for pure chitosan, CTPP, and MCTPP were 374.93, 780.89, and 1487.72 mg/g, respectively. Batch experiments indicated that the pH and adsorbent dose strongly influenced UO22+ adsorption. MCTPP could adsorb most UO22+ within 15 min, and equilibrium was reached by ~1 h. The adsorption isotherms indicated that UO22+ adsorption by MCTPP may be an endothermic single-layer adsorption process. Moreover, common metal ions in single-metal systems only slightly affected this process. The results of instrumental characterization and natural water application suggested that the highly developed pore structure and abundant tripolyphosphate groups in synthesized composites were dominant adsorption contributors besides amino and hydroxyl groups. Successful development of the novel material for efficiently adsorbing UO22+ and identification of the adsorption mechanism will provide valuable guidance to chitosan modification and further remediation practices of radioactive effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xia
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Ran Gao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Guangming Xu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Yue You
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Xindai Li
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Junfeng Dou
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Fuqiang Fan
- Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, PR China.
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12
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Amin KNM, Hosseinmardi A, Martin DJ, Annamalai PK. A mixed acid methodology to produce thermally stable cellulose nanocrystal at high yield using phosphoric acid. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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13
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Li Z, Jiang X, Yao Z, Chen F, Zhu L, Liu H, Ming L. Chitosan functionalized cellulose nanocrystals for stabilizing Pickering emulsion: Fabrication, characterization and stability evaluation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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14
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Haji F, Cheon J, Baek J, Wang Q, Tam KC. Application of Pickering emulsions in probiotic encapsulation- A review. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1603-1615. [PMID: 36161224 PMCID: PMC9493384 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to host organisms when consumed in adequate amounts and are often incorporated into foods for human consumption. However, this has negative implications on their viability as large numbers of these beneficial bacteria are deactivated when subjected to harsh conditions during processing, storage, and passage through the gastrointestinal tract. To address these issues, numerous studies on encapsulation techniques to protect probiotics have been conducted. This review focuses on emulsion technology for probiotic encapsulation, with a special focus on Pickering emulsions. Pickering emulsions are stabilized by solid particles, which adsorb strongly onto the liquid-liquid interfaces to prevent aggregation. Pickering emulsions have demonstrated enhanced stability, high encapsulation efficiency, and cost-effectiveness compared to other encapsulation techniques. Additionally, Pickering emulsions are regarded as safe and biocompatible and utilize natural materials, such as cellulose and chitosan derived from plants, shellfish, and fungi, which may also be viewed as more acceptable in food systems than common synthetic and natural molecular surfactants. This article reviews the current status of Pickering emulsion use for probiotic delivery and explores the potential of this technique for application in other fields, such as livestock farming, pet food, and aquaculture. Probiotics play an important role in maintaining the health of humans and animals. Encapsulation improves probiotic viability in harsh environments. Probiotics can be encapsulated by many techniques such as emulsification. Pickering emulsions use particles instead of molecules to stabilize emulsions. Natural particles are more acceptable to some consumers than synthetic emulsifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah Haji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - James Cheon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jiyoo Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road W, Guelph, ON, N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Qi Wang
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road W, Guelph, ON, N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Kam Chiu Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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15
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DENG W, LI Y, WU L, CHEN S. Pickering emulsions stabilized by polysaccharides particles and their applications: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.24722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei DENG
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China
| | - Yibin LI
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Li WU
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
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16
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Effect of pH on the mechanical, interfacial, and emulsification properties of chitosan microgels. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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17
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Enhanced antibacterial activity of lysozyme loaded quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles functionalized with cellulose nanocrystals. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:71-78. [PMID: 34534580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as functional cross-linker and Pickering emulsifier was used to stabilize Lysozyme (Lys) encapsulated in quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (QC NPs) via ionic gelation method. Physicochemical, structural, and antibacterial properties of the CNC stabilized Lys loaded QC NPs were also evaluated. Particle size, particle size distribution, Zeta potential (ZP), and spectroscopic analyses showed the successful encapsulation of Lys. Antibacterial activity of NPs against Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was investigated on the basis of inhibition zone (IZ), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC). MIC and MBC of CNC stabilized Lys loaded HQC NPs against S. aureus were 0.094 and 0.188 while corresponding values for CNC stabilized Lys loaded LQC NPs V. parahaemolyticus were 0.156 and 0.312 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, CNC stabilized Lys loaded QC NPs have potential implications in the food industry for food preservation and packaging.
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18
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Hydrodynamic alignment and self-assembly of cationic lignin polymers made of architecturally altered monomers. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Franco Ribeiro E, Carregari Polachini T, Dutra Alvim I, Quiles A, Hernando I, Nicoletti VR. Microencapsulation of roasted coffee oil Pickering emulsions using spray‐ and freeze‐drying: physical, structural and
in vitro
bioaccessibility studies. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Franco Ribeiro
- São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce) Campus São José do Rio Preto São Paulo 15054‐000 Brazil
- Food Microstructure and Chemistry Research Group Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) Valencia 46022 Spain
| | - Tiago Carregari Polachini
- São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce) Campus São José do Rio Preto São Paulo 15054‐000 Brazil
| | - Izabela Dutra Alvim
- Cereal and Chocolate Technology Center Food Technology Institute (ITAL) Campinas São Paulo 13070‐178 Brazil
| | - Amparo Quiles
- Food Microstructure and Chemistry Research Group Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) Valencia 46022 Spain
| | - Isabel Hernando
- Food Microstructure and Chemistry Research Group Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) Valencia 46022 Spain
| | - Vania Regina Nicoletti
- São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce) Campus São José do Rio Preto São Paulo 15054‐000 Brazil
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20
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Cui F, Zhao S, Guan X, McClements DJ, Liu X, Liu F, Ngai T. Polysaccharide-based Pickering emulsions: Formation, stabilization and applications. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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21
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Pirozzi A, Capuano R, Avolio R, Gentile G, Ferrari G, Donsì F. O/W Pickering Emulsions Stabilized with Cellulose Nanofibrils Produced through Different Mechanical Treatments. Foods 2021; 10:1886. [PMID: 34441663 PMCID: PMC8394195 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed at studying the stabilization of O/W Pickering emulsions using nanosized cellulosic material, produced from raw cellulose or tomato pomace through different mechanical treatments, such as ball milling (BM) and high-pressure homogenization (HPH). The cellulose nanofibrils obtained via HPH, which exhibited longer fibers with higher flexibility than those obtained via ball milling, are characterized by lower interfacial tension values and higher viscosity, as well as better emulsion stabilization capability. Emulsion stability tests, carried out at 4 °C for 28 d or under centrifugation at different pH values (2.0, 7.0, and 12.0), revealed that HPH-treated cellulose limited the occurrence of coalescence phenomena and significantly slowed down gravitational separation in comparison with BM-treated cellulose. HPH-treated cellulose was responsible for the formation of a 3D network structure in the continuous phase, entrapping the oil droplets also due to the affinity with the cellulose nanofibrils, whereas BM-treated cellulose produced fibers with a more compact structure, which did adequately cover the oil droplets. HPH-treated tomato pomace gave similar results in terms of particle morphology and interfacial tension, and slightly lower emulsion stabilization capability than HPH-treated cellulose, suggesting that the used mechanical disruption process does not require cellulose isolation for its efficient defibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Pirozzi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Roberta Capuano
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; (R.C.); (R.A.); (G.G.)
| | - Roberto Avolio
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; (R.C.); (R.A.); (G.G.)
| | - Gennaro Gentile
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; (R.C.); (R.A.); (G.G.)
| | - Giovanna Ferrari
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.)
- ProdAl scarl, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Francesco Donsì
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.)
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22
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Dong H, Ding Q, Jiang Y, Li X, Han W. Pickering emulsions stabilized by spherical cellulose nanocrystals. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 265:118101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Anankanbil S, Guo Z. Applications of nanocellulosic products in food: Manufacturing processes, structural features and multifaceted functionalities. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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24
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Kedzior SA, Gabriel VA, Dubé MA, Cranston ED. Nanocellulose in Emulsions and Heterogeneous Water-Based Polymer Systems: A Review. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2002404. [PMID: 32797718 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses (i.e., bacterial nanocellulose, cellulose nanocrystals, and cellulose nanofibrils) are cellulose-based materials with at least one dimension in the nanoscale. These materials have unique and useful properties and have been shown to assemble at oil-water interfaces and impart new functionality to emulsion and latex systems. Herein, the use of nanocellulose in both emulsions and heterogeneous water-based polymers is reviewed, including dispersion, suspension, and emulsion polymerization. Comprehensive tables describe past work employing nanocellulose as stabilizers or additives and the properties that can be tailored through the use of nanocellulose are highlighted. Even at low loadings, nanocellulose offers an unprecedented level of control as a property modifier for a range of emulsion and polymer applications, influencing, for example, emulsion type, stability, and stimuli-responsive behavior. Nanocellulose can tune polymer particle properties such as size, surface charge, and morphology, or be used to produce capsules and polymer nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical, thermal, and adhesive properties. The role of nanocellulose is discussed, and a perspective for future direction is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Kedzior
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Vida A Gabriel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Marc A Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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25
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Isolation and Production of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Conocarpus Fiber. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111835. [PMID: 34206136 PMCID: PMC8199537 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conocarpus fiber is a lignocellulosic biomass rich in cellulose potentially used for producing nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), a biomaterial extensively employed in various application fields. In the present work, different hydrolysis times of 10, 20 and 30 min were applied to chemically pre-treated Conocarpus fiber to produce CPNC1, CPNC2, and CPNC3 particles. With acid hydrolysis treatment, the yield of NCC product was successfully retained at 17–19%. Individual, rod-like shapes of NCC particles could be clearly observed under microscopy examination. From chemical composition analysis, a relatively pure cellulose compartment was produced for all NCC samples with substantial removal of lignin and hemicellulose. The physicochemical analysis proved that each nanoparticle sample possessed strong cellulose crystalline structure. For thermal analyses, the heat resistance of NCCs was gradually enhanced with the increased hydrolysis times. Therefore, the extracted NCC product from Conocarpus fiber could be a green nano-filler for developing nanocomposite material in the future.
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26
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Water resistance and biodegradation properties of conventionally-heated and microwave-cured cross-linked cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan composite films. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Baek J, Ramasamy M, Willis NC, Kim DS, Anderson WA, Tam KC. Encapsulation and controlled release of vitamin C in modified cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan nanocapsules. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:215-223. [PMID: 33937869 PMCID: PMC8076697 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (VC), widely used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, is susceptible to degradation, and new formulations are necessary to maintain its stability. To address this challenge, VC encapsulation was achieved via electrostatic interaction with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC)-chitosan (GCh) followed by cross-linking with phosphorylated-cellulose nanocrystals (PCNC) to form VC-GCh-PCNC nanocapsules. The particle size, surface charge, degradation, encapsulation efficiency, cumulative release, free-radical scavenging assay, and antibacterial test were quantified. Additionally, a simulated human gastrointestinal environment was used to assess the efficacy of the encapsulated VC under physiological conditions. Both VC loaded, GCh-PCNC, and GCh-Sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanocapsules were spherical with a diameter of 450 ± 8 and 428 ± 6 nm respectively. VC-GCh-PCNC displayed a higher encapsulation efficiency of 90.3 ± 0.42% and a sustained release over 14 days. The release profiles were fitted to the first-order and Higuchi kinetic models with R2 values greater than 0.95. VC-GCh-PCNC possessed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 8–16 μg/mL. These results highlight that modified CNC-based nano-formulations can preserve, protect and control the release of active compounds with improved antioxidant and antibacterial properties for food and nutraceutical applications. Vitamin C (VC) was encapsulated by modified chitosan and cellulose nanocrystals. Phosphorylated cellulose nanocrystal (PCNC) was used as a cross-linking agent. The encapsulation efficiency of the prepared VC-GCh-PCNC was 90.3 ± 0.42%. At 14 days, nanocapsules prepared using PCNC and TPP released 10% and 70% VC respectively. GTMAC-chitosan (GCh) and VC contributed antibacterial function to the nanocomplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoo Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mohankandhasamy Ramasamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Natasha Carly Willis
- Department of System and Design Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dae Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - William A. Anderson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kam C. Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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28
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Zhu X, Chen J, Hu Y, Zhang N, Fu Y, Chen X. Tuning complexation of carboxymethyl cellulose/ cationic chitosan to stabilize Pickering emulsion for curcumin encapsulation. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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29
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Xia T, Xue C, Wei Z. Physicochemical characteristics, applications and research trends of edible Pickering emulsions. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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30
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Sharkawy A, Barreiro MF, Rodrigues AE. Chitosan-based Pickering emulsions and their applications: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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31
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Cellulose nanocrystals incorporated β-chitosan nanoparticles to enhance the stability and in vitro release of β-galactosidase. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109380. [PMID: 33233082 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Beta-galactosidase (β-gal), catalyzing the transformation of lactose to glucose and galactose, had been encapsulated in β-chitosan nanoparticles (β-CS NPs) in previous work, but they were prone to aggregation and disscociation, resulting in poor bioavailability of β-gal. Herein, we developed cellulose nanocrystals (CNC, as stabilizers and fillers) stabilized β-gal loaded low molecular weight (LMW) β-CS NPs through ionic gelation technology to enhance enzyme activity and further control in vitro release of β-gal. Results showed that particle size and Zeta potential (ZP) of CNCs stabilized β-gal loaded CS NPs were 143.20 nm and -34.70 mV under the optimal conditions, respectively. Structural analysis were employed to study the incorporation of β-gal and CNC into β-CS NPs. In vitro release study conducted at pH 4.5 and 7.4 showed that both β-gal loaded β-CS NPs and CNC stabilized ones retained the release of β-gal for over 12 h. Moreover, CNC stabilized β-gal loaded β-CS NPs retained higher β-gal activity (81.23%) than that of controls (30%) within 2 h. Therefore, it was indicated that CNC incorporated β-CS NPs could serve as non-toxic and effective carriers of β-gal for the treatment of lactose intolerance.
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32
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Alipoormazandarani N, Fatehi P. Interaction Mechanism of Anionic Lignin and Cationic Soft Surface in Saline Systems. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:8678-8689. [PMID: 32865994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lignin has a complicated three-dimensional structure that is different from other synthetic and bio-based materials. In this work, we first examined the physicochemical behavior, i.e., apparent hydrodynamic radius (Rh) and ζ-potential, of carboxymethylated lignin (CM) in a saline system. Then, the detailed interaction and adsorption behavior of CM on a cationic poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC)-coated surface were investigated in a saline system by a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. The theoretical and experimental adsorption data revealed that CM made limited surface coverage at a low salt concentration via charge neutralization following an intrinsic compensation mechanism. At a higher salt concentration, the adsorption of CM was improved significantly following the extrinsic compensation mechanism and nonionic interaction (e.g., hydrophobic interaction). The adsorption affinity of CM in the urea environment revealed the contribution (10-30%) of hydrogen bonding in the adsorption of CM on the PDADMAC surface. Contrary to what was found for the CM, the adsorption of a linear poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide) (PAM) on the PDADMAC surface exhibited a dramatic decrease at higher salinity, possibly due to the absence of nonionic and hydrophobic interactions between PAM and the surface. The findings of this study showed the superior adsorption performance of the lignin-based polyelectrolytes to the synthetic ones in salt-containing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Alipoormazandarani
- Green Processes Research Centre and Chemical Engineering Department, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada P7B 5E1
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Green Processes Research Centre and Chemical Engineering Department, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada P7B 5E1
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33
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Sabaghi S, Fatehi P. Polarity of Cationic Lignin Polymers: Physicochemical Behavior in Aqueous Solutions and Suspensions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4722-4734. [PMID: 33448658 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The structure of cationic monomers can significantly impact the polarity of lignin after polymerization. Cationic hydrolysis lignin (CHL) polymers were produced by polymerizing hydrolysis lignin (HL) with [3-(methacryloylamino)propyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) or [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethyl ammonium chloride (METAC). The METAC monomer has an oxygen atom, with larger electronegativity, in its molecular structure, whereas the MAPTAC monomer contains a nitrogen atom, as well as an extra nonpolar CH2 group, facilitating investigation into the effects of the polarity of CHLs on their physicochemical performance in an aqueous system. CHL polymers are analyzed and their interactions with clay particles are determined in colloidal systems. CHLs are designed to have similar charge densities (2.1-2.2 mmol g-1) and molecular weights (55000-60000 g mol-1 ). The hydrodynamic radius (Hy) and radius of gyration, (Rg) of HL-METAC are larger than those of HL-MAPTAC, implying a more 3-dimensional structure of HL-METAC in aqueous solution. The stability ratio of kaolin particles affirms the better performance of HL-METAC in comparison to HL-MAPTAC, which reflects the better flocculation efficiency of HL-METAC. The results also reveal that salt and urea aqueous solutions affect the Hy, Rg, and configuration of CHL polymers, which alters the flocculation efficiency of HL-METAC and HL-MAPTAC polymers in kaolin suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Sabaghi
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan, Shangdong, 250353, P.R. China
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Green Processes Research Centre and Chemical Engineering Department, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan, Shangdong, 250353, P.R. China
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Potential Pickering emulsion stabilized with chitosan-stearic acid nanogels incorporating clove essential oil to produce fish-oil-enriched mayonnaise. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Dai H, Wu J, Zhang H, Chen Y, Ma L, Huang H, Huang Y, Zhang Y. Recent advances on cellulose nanocrystals for Pickering emulsions: Development and challenge. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gan PG, Sam ST, Abdullah MF, Omar MF, Tan WK. Comparative study on the properties of cross‐linked cellulose nanocrystals/chitosan film composites with conventional heating and microwave curing. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Gie Gan
- School of Bioprocess Engineering Universiti Malaysia Perlis Arau Perlis Malaysia
| | - Sung Ting Sam
- School of Bioprocess Engineering Universiti Malaysia Perlis Arau Perlis Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Firdaus Omar
- School of Material Engineering Universiti Malaysia Perlis Arau Perlis Malaysia
| | - Wai Kian Tan
- Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi Japan
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Characterization of ginsenoside compound K loaded ionically cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan-calcium nanoparticles and its cytotoxic potential against prostate cancer cells. J Ginseng Res 2020; 45:228-235. [PMID: 33841003 PMCID: PMC8020349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Ginsenoside compound K (GK) is a major metabolite of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides and has remarkable anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo. This work used an ionic cross-linking method to entrap GK within O-carboxymethyl chitosan (OCMC) nanoparticles (Nps) to form GK-loaded OCMC Nps (GK–OCMC Nps), which enhance the aqueous solubility and stability of GK. Methods The GK–OCMC Nps were characterized using several physicochemical techniques, including x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis, and particle size analysis via dynamic light scattering. GK was released from GK–OCMC Nps and was conducted using the dialysis bag diffusion method. The effects of GK and GK–OCMC Nps on PC3 cell viability were measured by using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Fluorescent technology based on Cy5.5-labeled probes was used to explore the cellular uptake of GK–OCMC Nps. Results The GK–OCMC NPs had a suitable particle size and zeta potential; they were spherical with good dispersion. In vitro drug release from GK–OCMC NPs was pH dependent. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity study and cellular uptake assays indicated that the GK–OCMC Nps significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of GK toward the PC3 cells. GK–OCMC Nps also significantly promoted the activities of both caspase-3 and caspase-9. Conclusion GK–OCMC Nps are potential nanocarriers for delivering hydrophobic drugs, thereby enhancing water solubility and permeability and improving the antiproliferative effects of GK.
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Yang X, Li Z, Jiang Z, Wang S, Liu H, Xu X, Wang D, Miao Y, Shang S, Song Z. Mechanical reinforcement of room-temperature-vulcanized silicone rubber using modified cellulose nanocrystals as cross-linker and nanofiller. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dual physically and chemically cross-linked polyelectrolyte nanohydrogels: Compositional and pH-dependent behavior studies. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sabaghi S, Fatehi P. Phenomenological Changes in Lignin Following Polymerization and Its Effects on Flocculating Clay Particles. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3940-3951. [PMID: 31498610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cationic kraft lignin (CKL) macromolecules were produced via polymerizing kraft lignin (KL) with [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (ATAC) or [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium methyl sulfate (METAM). Despite slightly different charge densities (2.3-2.5 mmol/g) of CKL, lignin-METAM (KL-METAM) had a significantly larger molecular weight and radius of gyration. A correlation was observed between the structure of CKLs and their impacts on the surface hydrophilicity of kaolin particles. In interacting with kaolin particles, KL-METAM generated larger and stronger flocs with looser structures than did KL-ATAC. Compared to ATAC, METAM had one additional methyl substituent on its structure, which provided fundamental evidence on how a small group (i.e., a methyl group) on the structure of a cationic monomer can have a substantial influence on its polymerization with lignin and subsequently on the efficiency of the induced macromolecule as a flocculant in a kaolin suspension system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Sabaghi
- Green Processes Research Centre and Chemical Engineering Department , Lakehead University , 955 Oliver Road , Thunder Bay , ON , Canada P7B 5E1
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Green Processes Research Centre and Chemical Engineering Department , Lakehead University , 955 Oliver Road , Thunder Bay , ON , Canada P7B 5E1
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Ashrafizadeh M, Tam KC, Javadi A, Abdollahi M, Sadeghnejad S, Bahramian A. Synthesis and physicochemical properties of dual-responsive acrylic acid/butyl acrylate cross-linked nanogel systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 556:313-323. [PMID: 31454623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS A cross-linked amphiphilic nanogel containing a high mole% of hydrophilic pH-responsive moiety can provide enhanced functionality regarding stimuli-responsiveness, water-dispersibility, hydrophobic substance loading, and structural stability under harsh environmental conditions. These nanogels could be synthesized using a one-pot procedure for large-scale applications. Moreover, the interplay of various interaction forces in these colloidal systems is being investigated. EXPERIMENTS Model nanogels consisting of acrylic acid-butyl acrylate-ethylene glycoldimethacrylate were synthesized using an emulsion copolymerization via a seeded semi-batch process under an acidic condition. The structures were assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and potentiometric-conductometric titrations. Zeta potential, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the dispersion stability, size distribution, and structural distribution, respectively. Their stimuli-responsive behavior was studied by combining static and dynamic light scattering and titration analyses. FINDINGS Monodisperse nanospheres of approximately 150 nm were successfully prepared by implementing a one-pot practical pathway. These nanogels displayed a dual thermo- and pH-responsive behavior, reflecting the high efficiency of physical cross-linking make it ideal for drug delivery and oil industry applications. Moreover, a novel symmetric pH-activated morphology transformation behavior was revealed. Accordingly, a compositional distribution was proposed and assessed by exploring the polymerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 11155/4563 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kam Chiu Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Aliyar Javadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 11155/4563 Tehran, Iran; Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Potsdam/Golm, Germany.
| | - Mahdi Abdollahi
- Department of Polymer Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-114 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Sadeghnejad
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-114 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Bahramian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 11155/4563 Tehran, Iran.
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