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Venkatesan R, Dhilipkumar T, Kiruthika A, Ali N, Kim SC. Green composites for sustainable food packaging: Exploring the influence of lignin-TiO 2 nanoparticles on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134511. [PMID: 39111470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a common pigment used in food packaging to provide a transparent appearance to plastic packaging materials. In the present study, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) incorporated with lignin-TiO2 nanoparticles (L-TiO2) eco-friendly composite films was prepared by employing an inexpensive melting and hot-pressing technique. The P-L-TiO2 composite films have been studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The FTIR results and homogeneous, dense SEM images confirm the interaction of L-TiO2 with the PBAT matrix. It has also been found that the addition of L-TiO2 nanoparticles can increase the crystallinity, tensile strength, and thermal stability of PBAT. The addition of L-TiO2 increased the tensile strength and decreased the elongation at break of films. The maximum tensile strength of the film, achieved with 5 wt% L-TiO2, was 47.0 MPa, compared with 24.3 MPa for pure PBAT film. The composite film with 5 wt% L-TiO2 has outstanding oxygen and water vapor barrier properties. As the content of lignin-TiO2 increases, the antimicrobial activity of the composite films also increases; the percentage of growth of all the tested bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) is significantly reduced. Strawberries were packed to evaluate the suitability of produced composite films as packaging materials, as they effectively preserved pigments from accumulation and extended the shelf-life as compared to commercial polyethylene packaging film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Venkatesan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India.
| | - Thulasidhas Dhilipkumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, India; Centre for Flexible Electronics and Advanced Materials, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, India
| | - Arumugam Kiruthika
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-E-Millath Government College for Women, Chennai 600002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seong-Cheol Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Zhai X, Han J, Chang L, Zhao F, Zhang R, Wang W, Hou H. Effects of starch filling on physicochemical properties, functional activities, and release characteristics of PBAT-based biodegradable active films loaded with tea polyphenols. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134505. [PMID: 39106933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the modification of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) was combined with the development of active packaging films. PBAT, starch, plasticizer, and tea polyphenols (TP) were compounded and extrusion-blown into thermoplastic starch (TPS)/PBAT-TP active films. Effects of TPS contents on physicochemical properties, functional activities, biodegradability, and release kinetics of PBAT-based active films were explored. Starch interacted strongly with TP through hydrogen bonding and induced the formation of heterogeneous structures in the films. With the increase in TPS contents, surface hydrophilicity and water vapor permeability of the films increased, while mechanical properties decreased. Blending starch with PBAT greatly accelerated degradation behavior of the films, and the T30P70-TP film achieved complete degradation after 180 days. As TPS contents increased, swelling degree of the films increased and TP release were improved accordingly, resulting in significantly enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. This work demonstrated that filling starch into PBAT-based active films could achieve different antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films by regulating film swelling and release behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Zhai
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Jia Sixie College of Agriculture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China
| | - Jinhong Han
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Jia Sixie College of Agriculture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China
| | - Liang Chang
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Jia Sixie College of Agriculture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Jia Sixie College of Agriculture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271018, China.
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3
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Gao S, Li M, Zhai X, Wang W, Hou H. Starch as a smart, cheap, and green gatekeeper for the controlled release of propyl gallate from antioxidant biodegradable packaging films. Food Chem 2024; 453:139627. [PMID: 38781894 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative rancidity of food products and massive consumption of plastic packaging have put the necessity in manufacturing novel antioxidant biodegradable packaging films. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) antioxidant blown films, in which starch acted as a gatekeeper for the controlled release of propyl gallate (PG). PG was well integrated into the matrices and bound to starch molecules by hydrogen bonding. All films showed strong anti-ultraviolet performance, and higher oxygen barrier than the traditional polyethylene film. Increasing starch proportions promoted the swelling of films and the release of PG, thereby causing higher antioxidant activity at the same contact time to free radical solutions. Similar polarity made PG prone to partition and rapid migration into the food simulants with higher ethanol concentration and the high-fat-content peanut butter. The film with 20:80 w/w starch/PBAT proportion and 3% w/w PG content effectively suppressed the oxidation of peanut butter within 300-day storage. Findings demonstrated this strategy for manufacturing starch/PBAT antioxidant films as a long-term active packaging in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Xiaosong Zhai
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Jia Sixie College of Agriculture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, Shandong 262700, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China.
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China.
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4
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Wu Y, Gao S, Zhao J, Kong S, Wang H, Wang W, Hou H. Sugar/sugar alcohol with glycerol as co-plasticizers for high-content starch/PBAT blown films: from fine structure to physicochemical properties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39300042 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycerol is a well-known plasticizer for starch-based materials, but it easily migrates during starch retrogradation, thereby deteriorating the films' properties. We hypothesized that the performance of high-content starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) films could be enhanced by using sugar/sugar alcohol (glucose, sucrose and sorbitol) as natural, green and edible co-plasticizers with glycerol. RESULTS The employment of co-plasticizers reduced the melt fluidity of the blends, established intermolecular hydrogen bonds with starch and resulted in a brittle film structure. The presence of sucrose contributed to the formation of more B-type starch crystals. Glucose and sucrose promoted the conversion of bound water to entrapped water, while sorbitol contributed to more bound water. The co-plasticizers enhanced films' thermal stability, moisture permeability (from 3.61 to 3.72 × 10-11 g m m-2 s-1 Pa-1), and oxygen barrier (from 12.84 to 8.74 × 10-13 cm3 cm cm-2 s-1 Pa-1). Glucose/glycerol co-plasticized film had the maximum tensile strength (10.12 MPa), and sucrose/glycerol co-plasticized film showed the highest Young's modulus (380.31 MPa). CONCLUSION Sorbitol with linear structure and the lowest melting point exhibited a plasticizing capacity similar to glycerol. The molecular structure (linear or cyclic), hydroxyl group proportion and melting point of the sugar/sugar alcohol were the key factors to regulate the fine structure and properties of starch/PBAT films. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntong Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Shan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Shuai Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Wang L, Li D, Ye L, Zhi C, Zhang T, Miao M. Development of a self-reinforced starch-derived film with biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Food Chem 2024; 447:138974. [PMID: 38489880 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The scraps produced while processing packaging materials will cause a waste of resources. In this study, starch-based self-reinforced film (SSRF) using thermoplastic starch (TPS, 45 wt%) and polypropylene (PP, 53 wt%) was developed. The effect of extrusion times (1-4 times) on the film structure and performance was explored. The results show as the number of extrusions increases, the color of SSRF deepens from gray-white to brown, and the crystallinity increases. The mechanical properties of the four types of SSRF first increase and then decrease. The 2-SSRF has the best performance, with tensile strength of 13.23 MPa, elongation at break of 61.35%, Young's modulus of 1128.99 MPa, and flexural strength of 33.19 MPa. Proper extrusion improves the compatibility of TPS and PP. However, repeated extrusion will cause PP degradation and TPS carbonization, reducing interfacial interaction. This study developed new starch-based self-reinforced film and provided theoretical guidance for reusing packaging material scraps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dexiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Jiangsu Longjun Environmental Protection Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, PR China
| | - Chaohui Zhi
- Jiangsu Longjun Environmental Protection Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Fan L, Ma J, Liu W, Shang C, Xie Y, Zhou X, Zhang M, Hou J, Feng Y. A study on the performance, structure, composition, and release behavior changes of polybutylene adipate terephthalic acid (PBAT) film during food contact. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134603. [PMID: 38749243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Polybutylene adipate terephthalic acid (PBAT) is an emerging biodegradable material in food packaging. However, concerns have been raised regarding the potential hazards it could pose to food safety. In this study, the changes of PBAT films during food contact and the release of small molecules were inestigated by a multiscale approach. On a macro-scale, the surface roughness of the films increased with the reduction in the concentration of food simulants and the increase in contact temperatures, especially after immersion in acidic food environments. On a micro-scale, the crystallinity (Xc) and degradation indexes (DI) of the films increased by 5.7-61.2% and 7.8-48.6%, respectively, which led to a decrease in thermal stability. On a scale approaching the molecular level, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) with the highest migration content, and the release behavior of 2,4-DTBP was further investigated by migration kinetics. In addition, terephthalic acid (TPA), a hydrolysis product of PBAT, was detected in acidic food environments by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results of this study could provide practical guidance and assistance to promote sustainable development in the field of food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwang Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wenyan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Chaonan Shang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yanli Xie
- Analytical & Testing Center, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xueqing Zhou
- Analytical & Testing Center, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Mingnan Zhang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jinjian Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yuhong Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China.
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7
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Wu H, Li W, Liang Z, Gan T, Hu H, Huang Z, Qin Y, Zhang Y. Mechanical activation-enhanced metal-organic coordination strategy to fabricate high-performance starch/polyvinyl alcohol films by extrusion blowing. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121982. [PMID: 38494234 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The production of high-performance starch-based packaging films by extrusion blowing is challenging, ascribed to poor processability of the blend precursors. In this study, a new strategy of mechanical activation (MA)-enhanced metal-organic coordination was proposed to improve the processability of starch (St)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend precursor, with calcium acetate (CA) as a chelating agent and glycerol as a plasticizer. MA pretreatment activated the hydroxyl groups of starch and PVA for constructing strong metal-organic coordination between CA and St/PVA during reactive extrusion, which effectively enhanced the melt processing properties of the blend precursor, contributing to the fabrication of high-performance St/PVA films by the extrusion-blowing method. The as-prepared St/PVA films exhibited excellent mechanical properties (tensile strength of 34.5 MPa; elongation at break of 271.8 %), water vapor barrier performance (water vapor permeability of 0.704 × 10-12 g·cm-1·s-1·Pa-1), and oxygen barrier performance (oxygen transmission rate of 0.7 cm3/(m2·day·bar)), along with high transmittance and good uniformity. These outstanding characteristics and performances can be attributed to the improved interfacial interaction and compatibility between the two matrix phases. This study uncovers the mechanism of MA-enhanced metal-organic coordination for improving the properties of starch-based films, which provides a convenient and eco-friendly technology for the preparation of high-performance biodegradable films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wanhe Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zirong Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tao Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Huayu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zuqiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yuben Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yanjuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China.
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8
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Kulkarni A, Sharma D, Ermlich A, Manjure S, Narayan R, Bergholz TM. Antimicrobial Solid Starch-Iodine Complex via Reactive Extrusion and Its Application in PLA-PBAT Blown Films. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1487. [PMID: 38891434 PMCID: PMC11175009 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a solid masterbatch of starch-iodine complex with 6.7 wt.% iodine was prepared in pellet form using a ZSK-30 twin-screw extruder. Thermogravimetric (TGA) and isothermal TGA analysis of the pellets revealed that there was no significant loss of iodine due to sublimation during reactive extrusion. These solid pellets demonstrated antifungal properties when applied to strawberries via dip coating in an aqueous solution, extending their shelf life from two days to eight days, thereby reducing fungal growth and visual decay. Furthermore, the solid pellets displayed antibacterial activity against E. coli, as evidenced by the clear zone of inhibition observed in the Kirby-Bauer test. To enhance practical application, these pellets were further blended with PLA-PBAT film formulations at 10 and 18% by wt. to make blown films with effective iodine loadings of 0.7 and 1.3% by wt. These films showed superior antibacterial activity against E. coli compared with PLA control films and the commercial silver antimicrobial-containing films during direct inoculation tests as per ISO 22196. Tensile strength and elongation at break in machine direction (MD) for the starch-iodine-containing blown films were comparable to the control films in MD, but tensile strength was reduced to 37-40% in the transverse direction (TD). This was due to a non-uniform dispersion of the starch-iodine complex in the films, as confirmed by the visual and SEM analyses. Thus, this study illustrates the practical utility of the solid starch-iodine complex as a safe and efficient means of introducing iodine into an environment, mitigating the typical hazards associated with handling solid iodine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Material Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Saint Gobain Research North America, Northborough, MA 01532, USA
| | - Dimple Sharma
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Alexander Ermlich
- Northern Technologies International Corporation, Circle Pines, MN 55014, USA
| | - Shilpa Manjure
- Northern Technologies International Corporation, Circle Pines, MN 55014, USA
| | - Ramani Narayan
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Material Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Teresa M. Bergholz
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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9
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Liu W, Yu W, Wang J, Gao J, Ding Y, Zhang S, Zheng Q. Enhanced mechanical and long-lasting antibacterial properties of starch/PBAT blown films via designing of reactive micro-crosslinked starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131366. [PMID: 38580020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
A functional starch (TPS-E) was designed and constructed by incorporating epoxy soybean oil (ESO) and an antibacterial agent polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG), then the film was prepared by reaction extrusion and blow molding using TPS-E and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). The micro-crosslinking structure, forming through ring-opening reaction between the epoxy active site of TPS-E and the end group of PBAT, improved the compatibility of starch/PBAT blend and reduce the dispersed starch phase size, leading to significantly increase the tensile strength. Compared to starch/PBAT films, the tensile strength of TPS-E/PBAT in the longitudinal direction increase by 112% with the same starch content of 30%. Furthermore, these TPS-E/PBAT films demonstrated long-lasting antibacterial performance with a 98% inhibition ratio even after 10 cycles, without any observed leaching of the antibacterial agent, highlighting the high coupling efficiency of PHMG. TPS-E with the degradable ESO also promotes the degradation of PBAT. Thus, an important method of synergistic improving the mechanical, degradable and antibacterial properties of blown films through the design of reactive micro-crosslinked starch structures was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Liu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Wenwen Yu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Jian Gao
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Sitong Zhang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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10
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Wongphan P, Promhuad K, Srisa A, Laorenza Y, Oushapjalaunchai C, Harnkarnsujarit N. Unveiling the Future of Meat Packaging: Functional Biodegradable Packaging Preserving Meat Quality and Safety. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1232. [PMID: 38732702 PMCID: PMC11085279 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Meat quality and shelf life are important parameters affecting consumer perception and safety. Several factors contribute to the deterioration and spoilage of meat products, including microbial growth, chemical reactions in the food's constituents, protein denaturation, lipid oxidation, and discoloration. This study reviewed the development of functional packaging biomaterials that interact with food and the environment to improve food's sensory properties and consumer safety. Bioactive packaging incorporates additive compounds such as essential oils, natural extracts, and chemical substances to produce composite polymers and polymer blends. The findings showed that the incorporation of additive compounds enhanced the packaging's functionality and improved the compatibility of the polymer-polymer matrices and that between the polymers and active compounds. Food preservatives are alternative substances for food packaging that prevent food spoilage and preserve quality. The safety of food contact materials, especially the flavor/odor contamination from the packaging to the food and the mass transfer from the food to the packaging, was also assessed. Flavor is a key factor in consumer purchasing decisions and also determines the quality and safety of meat products. Novel functional packaging can be used to preserve the quality and safety of packaged meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanwipa Wongphan
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.W.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (Y.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Khwanchat Promhuad
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.W.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (Y.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Atcharawan Srisa
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.W.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (Y.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Yeyen Laorenza
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.W.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (Y.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Chayut Oushapjalaunchai
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.W.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (Y.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.W.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (Y.L.); (C.O.)
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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11
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Cao L, Liu J, Meng Y, Hou M, Li J, Song Y, Wang Y, Song H, Zhang R, Liang R, Guo X. A tear-free and edible dehydrated vegetables packaging film with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties from soluble soybean polysaccharide blending carboxylated nanocellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130707. [PMID: 38460635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop soybean polysaccharide (SSPS) -carboxylated nanocellulose (CNC) blending films with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties to be used as a tear-free and edible packaging materials. The films were formed by casting method, with CNC as the strengthening unit and glycerol as the plasticizer. The effect of CNC on structural and physical performances of the SSPS-CNC films were studied. SEM indicated that the film will stratify with excess CNC (10 %), but the film remains intact and compact. Incorporation of CNC into SSPS films did not change peak position in the XRD pattern significantly. Hydrogen bonds among SSPS, glycerol and CNC were indicated by the FTIR spectra. The compounding of CNC greatly lessened the light transmittance and hydrophilicity (CA increased from 55.42° to 70.67°), but perfected the barrier (WVP decreased from 3.595 × 10-10 to 2.593 × 10-10 g m-1 s-1 Pa-1) and mechanical properties (TS improved from 0.806 to 1.317 MPa). The results of packaging dehydrated vegetable indicated that the SSPS-8CNC film can effectively inhibit the packaged cabbage absorption water vapor. As a consequence, SSPS film perfected by CNC is hopeful to pack dehydrated vegetables in instant foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Cao
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yuzhe Meng
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Mengyao Hou
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jie Li
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yuqi Song
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Haiqing Song
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Rong Liang
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xingfeng Guo
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
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12
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Tian Y, Lei Q, Yang F, Xie J, Chen C. Development of cinnamon essential oil-loaded PBAT/thermoplastic starch active packaging films with different release behavior and antimicrobial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130048. [PMID: 38336322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch (PBAT/TPS) active packaging films containing cinnamon essential oil (CEO) were fabricated by melting blending and extrusion casting method. The effects of TPS content (0 %, 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 % and 50 %) on the properties of the films and their application in largemouth bass preservation were studied. As TPS content increased from 0 % to 50 %, the water vapor permeability increased from 7.923 × 10-13 (g•cm/(cm2•s•Pa)) to 23.967 × 10-13 (g•cm/(cm2•s•Pa)), the oxygen permeability decreased from 8.642 × 10-11 (cm3•m/(m2•s•Pa)) to 3.644 × 10-11 (cm3•m/(m2•s•Pa)), the retention of CEO in the films increased. The release rate of CEO from the films into food simulant (10 % ethanol) accelerated with increasing TPS. The films exhibited different antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and S. putrefaciens. It was closely related with the release behavior of the CEO. The films containing CEO could efficiently inhibit the decomposition of protein and the growth of microorganisms in largemouth bass. It showed that the higher TPS in the films, the better inhibitory effect. This study provided a new idea for developing PBAT/TPS active films with different release behavior of active agents and different antibacterial activity for food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qiao Lei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fuxin Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai MOE Information Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chenwei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
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13
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Roy S, Ghosh T, Zhang W, Rhim JW. Recent progress in PBAT-based films and food packaging applications: A mini-review. Food Chem 2024; 437:137822. [PMID: 37897823 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Bioplastics are a promising alternative to non-biodegradable plastics. One of these bioplastics, PBAT (polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate), is a polyester-based bioplastic commonly used to manufacture flexible packaging films. PBAT-based films have high flexibility but relatively low strength compared to other bioplastics. The strength of PBAT films can be improved by blending them with other fillers/polymers. Additionally, the functionality of PBAT films can be enhanced by incorporating bioactive functional fillers. The physical and functional properties of PBAT films produced by adding active ingredients provide functionality and are a good alternative to non-degradable petrochemical-based plastics. The PBAT-based functional films protect food and improve packaged foods' quality and life span. Thus, this review provides recent advances in PBAT-based films and their use in active food packaging applications. After briefly describing the different fabrication methods of PBAT films, various important physical and functional properties and biodegradability are comprehensively discussed. PBAT-based active packaging film in real-time food packaging is also briefly covered. Through this review, more attention is expected to be focused on research on PBAT-based biodegradable active food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Roy
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
| | - Tabli Ghosh
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Wanli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Jong-Whan Rhim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Gao S, Song H, Wang Q, Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang W, Hou H. Starch/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blown films contained the quaternary ammonium salts with different N-alkyl chain lengths as antimicrobials. Food Chem 2024; 436:137650. [PMID: 37837685 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial biodegradable packaging is in high demand as a one-two punch against microbiological and plastic hazards. Two quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) with different N-alkyl chain lengths were used for starch/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blown antimicrobial films. Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (D1821) contributed to a homogeneous film morphology at 5% w/w level, while micro-pores occurred with didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (D1221). Increasing QAS content weakened hydrogen bonding interactions. D1821 promoted the formation of intercalated structure of nano-clays, and improved the strength, thermal stability, barrier, and surface hydrophobicity of the films. Conversely, adding D1221 decreased the mechanical properties, and significantly enhanced the surface hydrophilicity. The films with 3% and 5% w/w D1221 obviously inhibited the growth of both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while those with D1821 cannot show clear zone against the Gram-negative. 5% w/w D1221-loaded film delayed the growth of microorganisms in beef, of which the total viable count was 5.75 lg CFU/g after 21-day chilling storage. Findings supported that QAS had the potential for manufacturing starch/PBAT antimicrobial packaging, but the release kinetics and cytotoxicity still need to be systematically explored before application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Haiming Song
- College of Management, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266100, China
| | - Qiantong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Xiaochi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
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15
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Janowicz M, Galus S, Szulc K, Ciurzyńska A, Nowacka M. Investigation of the Structure-Forming Potential of Protein Components in the Reformulation of the Composition of Edible Films. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:937. [PMID: 38399189 PMCID: PMC10890505 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
To optimize the functional properties of edible films or coatings, mixtures of several ingredients are used, including food processing by-products. In this way, pectin from fruit pomace, whey proteins from whey as a by-product of rennet cheese production, and gelatin from by-products of the processing of slaughtered animals can be obtained. The aim and scope of the investigation were to verify the hypothesis of the research, which assumes that the addition of beef broth to edible gelatin films will affect the gelation processes of the tested film-forming solutions and will allow for the modification of the edible properties of the films obtained based on these solutions. Measurements were carried out to determine the visual parameters, mechanical strengths, surface and cross-sectional structures, FTIR spectra, thermal degradation rates, and hydrophilicities of the prepared gelatin films. The water content, water vapor permeability, and course of water vapor sorption isotherms of the films were also examined, as well as the course of the gelation process for film-forming solutions. The addition of broth to film-forming solutions was found to increase their opacity and color saturation, especially for the ones that were yellow. The films with the addition of broth were more uneven on the surface and more resistant to stretching, and in the case of the selected types of gelatins, they also formed a more stable gel. The broth increased the hydrophilicity and permeability of the water vapor and reduced the water content of the films. The addition of broth enables the practical use of edible films, but it is necessary to modify some features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabina Galus
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (K.S.); (A.C.)
| | | | | | - Małgorzata Nowacka
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (K.S.); (A.C.)
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16
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Hu D, Xu Y, Gao C, Meng L, Feng X, Wang Z, Shen X, Tang X. Preparation and characterization of starch/PBAT film containing hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin/ethyl lauroyl arginate/cinnamon essential oil microcapsules and its application in the preservation of strawberry. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129204. [PMID: 38185302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) was emulsified by hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin/ ethyl lauroyl arginate (HPCD/LAE) complex to make nanoemulsions, which were then incorporated into maltodextrin (MD) to prepare HPCD/LAE/CEO/MD microcapsules by spray drying. The starch/polybutylene adipate terephthalate (starch/PBAT, SP) based extrusion-blowing films containing above microcapsules were developed and used as packaging materials for strawberry preservation. The morphology, encapsulation efficiency, thermal and antibacterial properties of microcapsules with different formulations were investigated. The effects of microcapsules on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of SP films were evaluated. When the formula was 4 % HPCD/LAE-3% CEO-10% MD (HL-3C-MD), the microcapsule had the smallest particle size (3.3 μm), the highest encapsulation efficiency (84.51 %) of CEO and the best antibacterial effect. The mechanical and antimicrobial properties of the SP film were enhanced while the water vapor transmittance and oxygen permeability decreased with the incorporation of HL-3C-MD microcapsules. The films effectively reduced the weight loss rate (49.03 %), decay rate (40.59 %) and the total number of colonies (2.474 log CFU/g) and molds (2.936 log CFU/g), thus extending the shelf life of strawberries. This study revealed that the developed SP films containing HPCD/LAE/CEO microcapsules had potential applications in degradable bioactive food packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yaoyao Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengcheng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linghan Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenjiong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaozhi Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
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17
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He X, Zhang F, Li C, Ding W, Jin Y, Tang L, Huang R. Effect of Starch Plasticization on Morphological, Mechanical, Crystalline, Thermal, and Optical Behavior of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Thermoplastic Starch Composite Films. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:326. [PMID: 38337215 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Starches plasticized with glycerol/citric acid/stearic acid and tributyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATBC), respectively, were processed with poly (butylene adipate-Co-terephthalate (PBAT) via extrusion and a film-blown process. All the composite films were determined for morphology, mechanical, thermal stability, crystalline, and optical properties. Results show that the most improved morphology was in the 30% glycerol plasticized PBAT/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite films, characterized by the smallest and narrowest distribution of TPS particle sizes and a more uniform dispersion of TPS particles. However, the water absorption of PBAT/TPS composite films plasticized with glycerol surpassed that observed with ATBC as a plasticizer. Mechanical properties indicated insufficient plasticization of the starch crystal structure when using 10% ATBC, 20% ATBC, and 20% glycerol as plasticizers, leading to poor compatibility between PBAT and TPS. This resulted in stress concentration points under external forces, adversely affecting the mechanical properties of the composites. All PBAT/TPS composite films exhibited a negative impact on the initial thermal decomposition temperature compared to PBAT. Additionally, the haze value of PBAT/TPS composite films exceeded 96%, while pure PBAT had a haze value of 47.42%. Films plasticized with 10% ATBC, 20% ATBC, and 20% glycerol displayed lower transmittance values in the visible light region. The increased transmittance of films plasticized with 30% glycerol further demonstrated their superior plasticizing effect compared to other PBAT/TPS composite films. This study provides a simple and feasible method for preparing low-cost PBAT composites, and their extensions are expected to further replace general-purpose plastics in daily applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Fuhong Zhang
- Sanmen Megatron Tech. Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Weiwei Ding
- Sanmen Megatron Tech. Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Lisheng Tang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Ran Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Academy for Engineering and Applied Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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18
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Gao S, Zhang X, Jiang J, Wang W, Hou H. Starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blown antimicrobial films based on ε-polylysine hydrochloride and different nanomontmorillonites. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126609. [PMID: 37652334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
With increasing awareness on environmental protection and food safety, the development of biodegradable antimicrobial packaging materials has been paid growing emphasis. In this work, starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/ε-polylysine hydrochloride films were prepared by extrusion blowing, and five commercial organically modified nanomontmorillonites (OMMT, including DK1, DK2, DK3, DK4, and DK5) were used as reinforcing agents. Intercalated structures were formed in the nanocomposite films, especially for those with DK3 and DK4 owing to their higher hydrophobicity and larger interlayer spacing. Adding OMMT weakened hydrogen bonds and the gelatinization/plasticization degree of starch. Morphology analysis revealed that the agglomeration of OMMT occurred in the films, but the film containing DK3 still showed a relatively homogeneous microstructure. Loading OMMT enhanced the strength, deformation resistance, thermal stability, surface hydrophobicity, but decreased barrier properties and water sensitivity of the films. Antimicrobial activity showed that the OMMT and ε-polylysine hydrochloride possessed a synergistic effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The maximum inhibition rate was observed in that with DK4, approaching 100 %. Findings supported the application of commercial OMMT in manufacturing biodegradable antimicrobial blown films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Xiaochi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Junzhi Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China.
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China.
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19
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Li H, Chen Z, Zhang S, Hu CY, Xu X. Extrusion-blown oxidized starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) biodegradable active films with adequate material properties and antimicrobial activities for chilled pork preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127408. [PMID: 37832616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Food safety concerns from spoilage and non-degradable packaging risk human health. Progress made in biodegradable plastic films, but limited study on biomass composite films with favorable morphological, mechanical, and inherent antibacterial properties for fresh meat preservation. Herein, we present a versatile packaging film created through the extrusion blowing process, combining oxidized starch (OST) with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). SEM analysis revealed even distribution of spherical OST particles on film's surface. FTIR spectra revealed new intermolecular hydrogen bonds between OST and PBAT. While combining OST slightly reduced tensile properties, all composite films met the required strength of 16.5 ± 1.39 MPa. Notably, films with 40 % OST showed over 98 % antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus within 2 h. pH wasn't the main cause of bacterial growth inhibition; OST hindered growth by interfering with nutrient absorption and metabolism due to its carboxyl groups. Additionally, OST disrupted bacterial membrane integrity and cytoplasmic membrane potential. Remarkably, the OST/PBAT film excellently preserved chilled fresh pork, maintaining TVB-N level at 12.6 mg/100 g on day 6, microbial count at 105 CFU/g within 6-10 days, and sensory properties for 8 days. It extended pork's shelf life by two days compared to polyethylene film, suggesting an alternative to a synthetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Product Packaging and Logistics, Packaging Engineering Institute, College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Qianshan Road 206, Zhuhai 519070, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou City 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuidong Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chang-Ying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Product Packaging and Logistics, Packaging Engineering Institute, College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Qianshan Road 206, Zhuhai 519070, China; Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou City 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Product Packaging and Logistics, Packaging Engineering Institute, College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Qianshan Road 206, Zhuhai 519070, China.
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20
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Yu W, Qiu R, Li M, Lei W. Effects of Wood Content and Modification on Properties of Wood Flour/Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate Biocomposites. Molecules 2023; 28:8057. [PMID: 38138546 PMCID: PMC10746050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have recently become attractive and have been increasingly used as matrix materials to replace fossil plastics due to concerns about the environmental issue. However, their application areas are limited due to their high costs and natural properties. In this study, we fabricated ecofriendly and economical polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) composites loaded with various concentrations of wood flour (WF) to investigate the effects on the PBAT and WF interfaces as well as the physical properties of the WF/PBAT biocomposites. Then, WF was acetylated with acetic anhydride, and the effect of WF acetylation on the mechanical and thermal properties of the biocomposites were investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus increased with WF loading in the composites, and acetylation could not only further increase these properties, but also increase the impact strength and elongation at break. The incorporation of WF would weaken the thermal stability of PBAT, but the thermal stability of the biocomposite could be improved after WF acetylation. The cold crystallization temperature and hydrophobicity of the WF/PBAT samples would be increased with the increasing load of the WF, while the melting enthalpy and the crystallinity of the samples reduced gradually. A morphological analysis of the modified composites revealed that the matrix exhibited greater interfacial interactions with the WF compared to the WF/PBAT. Considering the much lower cost of WF compared to PBAT, the improved properties of WF/PBAT biocomposites will make it economically competitive with other commercial polymers, and these biocomposites should have much wider application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangwang Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rui Qiu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mengya Li
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wen Lei
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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21
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Bu N, Wang L, Zhang D, Xiao H, Liu X, Chen X, Pang J, Ma C, Mu R. Highly Hydrophobic Gelatin Nanocomposite Film Assisted by Nano-ZnO/(3-Aminopropyl) Triethoxysilane/Stearic Acid Coating for Liquid Food Packaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37881864 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable gelatin (G) food packaging films are in increasing demand as the substitution of petroleum-based preservative materials. However, G packaging films universally suffer from weak hydrophobicity in practical applications. Constructing a hydrophobic micro/nanocoating with low surface energy is an effective countermeasure. However, the poor compatibility with the hydrophilic G substrate often leads to the weak interfacial adhesion and poor durability of the hydrophobic coating. To overcome this obstacle, we used (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APS) as an interfacial bridging agent to prepare a highly hydrophobic, versatile G nanocomposite film. Specifically, tannic acid (TA)-modified nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) particles (THA) were introduced in G matrix (G-THA) to improve the mechanical properties. Micro/nanostructure with low surface energy composed of nanozinc oxide (Nano-ZnO)/APS/stearic acid (SA) (NAS) was constructed on the surface of G-THA film (G-THA/NAS) through one-step spray treatment. Consequently, as-prepared G-THA/NAS film presented excellent mechanics (tensile strength: 7.6 MPa, elongation at break: 292.7%), water resistance ability (water contact angle: 150.4°), high UV-shielding (0% transmittance at 200 nm), degradability (100% degradation rate after buried in the natural soil for 15 days), antioxidant (78.8% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity), and antimicrobial (inhibition zone against Escherichia coli: 15.0 mm and Staphylococcus aureus: 16.5 mm) properties. It should be emphasized that the bridging function of APS significantly improves the interfacial adhesion ability of the NAS coating with more than 95% remaining area after the cross-cut adhesion test. Meanwhile, the G-THA/NAS film could maintain stable and long-lasting hydrophobic surfaces against UV radiation, high temperature, and abrasion. Based on these multifunctional properties, the G-THA/NAS film was successfully applied as a liquid packaging material. To sum up, we provide a feasible and effective method to prepare high-performance green packaging films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitong Bu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huimin Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xianrui Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jie Pang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruojun Mu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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22
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Zhai X, Zhang R, Cheng Y, Wang W, Hou H. Effects of co-plasticization of glycerol and small molecular esters on the physicochemical properties of extrusion-blown high-content starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) films. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4966-4974. [PMID: 36960738 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor mechanical and water barrier properties of starch-based films severely restrict their applications as packaging materials. In this study, glycerol was combined with various small molecular esters (SMEs) with different molecular structures to plasticize high-content starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (80/20, w/w) films (SPFs) prepared by extrusion blowing. The effects of co-plasticization on the physicochemical properties and film-forming mechanism of SPFs were investigated. RESULTS The addition of glycerides to SPFs reduced intermolecular interaction, increased molecular chain mobility, and decreased glass transition, melting temperatures, and crystallinity. Mechanical and water barrier properties of SPFs were improved significantly with the co-plasticization of glycerol and SMEs. The incorporation of triacetate glyceride increased tensile strength of SPFs by 54% and the water contact angle by up to 95°. The SPF with diacetate glyceride exhibited the minimum water vapor permeability, which decreased by 39%. CONCLUSION The levels of hydrophilic/hydrophobic groups in SMEs and their molecular weights were essential for the plasticizing effects. Glycerides tended to infiltrate into starch for effective plasticization compared with citrates. The combination of glycerol and glycerides had better plasticizing effects on starch. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Zhai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Yue Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Taian, P.R. China
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23
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Perera KY, Jaiswal AK, Jaiswal S. Biopolymer-Based Sustainable Food Packaging Materials: Challenges, Solutions, and Applications. Foods 2023; 12:2422. [PMID: 37372632 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymer-based packaging materials have become of greater interest to the world due to their biodegradability, renewability, and biocompatibility. In recent years, numerous biopolymers-such as starch, chitosan, carrageenan, polylactic acid, etc.-have been investigated for their potential application in food packaging. Reinforcement agents such as nanofillers and active agents improve the properties of the biopolymers, making them suitable for active and intelligent packaging. Some of the packaging materials, e.g., cellulose, starch, polylactic acid, and polybutylene adipate terephthalate, are currently used in the packaging industry. The trend of using biopolymers in the packaging industry has increased immensely; therefore, many legislations have been approved by various organizations. This review article describes various challenges and possible solutions associated with food packaging materials. It covers a wide range of biopolymers used in food packaging and the limitations of using them in their pure form. Finally, a SWOT analysis is presented for biopolymers, and the future trends are discussed. Biopolymers are eco-friendly, biodegradable, nontoxic, renewable, and biocompatible alternatives to synthetic packaging materials. Research shows that biopolymer-based packaging materials are of great essence in combined form, and further studies are needed for them to be used as an alternative packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpani Y Perera
- Sustainable Packaging and Bioproducts Research (SPBR) Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amit K Jaiswal
- Sustainable Packaging and Bioproducts Research (SPBR) Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Swarna Jaiswal
- Sustainable Packaging and Bioproducts Research (SPBR) Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Mu R, Bu N, Yuan Y, Pang J, Ma C, Wang L. Development of chitosan/konjac glucomannan/tragacanth gum tri-layer food packaging films incorporated with tannic acid and ε-polylysine based on mussel-inspired strategy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125100. [PMID: 37236557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Constructing biodegradable food packaging with good mechanics, gas barrier and antibacterial properties to maintain food quality is still challenge. In this work, mussel-inspired bio-interface emerged as a tool for constructing functional multilayer films. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and tragacanth gum (TG) with physical entangled network are introduced in the core layer. Cationic polypeptide ε-polylysine (ε-PLL) and chitosan (CS) producing cationic-π interaction with adjacent aromatic residues in tannic acid (TA) are introduced in the two-sided outer layer. The triple-layer film mimics the mussel adhesive bio-interface, where cationic residues in outer layers interact with negatively charged TG in the core layer. Furthermore, a series of physical tests showed excellent performance of triple-layer film with great mechanical properties (tensile strength (TS): 21.4 MPa, elongation at break (EAB): 7.9 %), UV-shielding (almost 0 % UV transmittance), thermal stability, water, and oxygen barrier (oxygen permeability (OP): 1.14 × 10-3 g/m s Pa and water vapor permeability (WVP): 2.15 g mm/m2 day kPa). In addition, the triple-layer film demonstrated advanced degradability, antimicrobial functions, and presented good moisture-proof performance for crackers, which can be potentially applied as dry food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojun Mu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Nitong Bu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jie Pang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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25
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Do TT, Nguyen VT, Song Toan HD, Minh PS, Uyen TMT, Huynh TH, Nguyen VT, Nguyen VTT. Influences of TPU Content on the Weld Line Characteristics of PP and ABS Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102321. [PMID: 37242896 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) content on the weld line properties of Polypropylene (PP) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) blends. In PP/TPU blends, increasing the TPU content results in a significant decrease in the PP/TPU composite's ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation values. Blends with 10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt% TPU and pure PP outperform blends with 10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt% TPU and recycled PP in terms of UTS value. The blend with 10 wt% TPU and pure PP achieves the highest UTS value of 21.85 MPa. However, the blend's elongation decreases due to the poor bonding in the weld line area. According to Taguchi's analysis, the TPU factor has a more significant overall influence on the mechanical properties of PP/TPU blends than the recycled PP factor. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results show that the TPU area has a dimple shape on the fracture surface due to its significantly higher elongation value. The 15 wt% TPU sample achieves the highest UTS value of 35.7 MPa in ABS/TPU blends, which is considerably higher than other cases, indicating good compatibility between ABS and TPU. The sample containing 20 wt% TPU has the lowest UTS value of 21.2 MPa. Furthermore, the elongation-changing pattern corresponds to the UTS value. Interestingly, SEM results present that the fracture surface of this blend is flatter than the PP/TPU blend due to a higher compatibility rate. The 30 wt% TPU sample has a higher rate of dimple area than the 10 wt% TPU sample. Moreover, ABS/TPU blends gain a higher UTS value than PP/TPU blends. Increasing the TPU ratio mainly reduces the elastic modulus of both ABS/TPU blends and PP/TPU blends. This study reveals the advantages and disadvantages of mixing TPU with PP or ABS to ensure that it meets the requirements of the intended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Trung Do
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam
| | - Van-Thuc Nguyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Do Song Toan
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam
| | - Pham Son Minh
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam
| | - Tran Minh The Uyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam
| | - Trung H Huynh
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Tien Nguyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam
| | - Van Thanh Tien Nguyen
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Nguyen Van Bao Street, Ward 4, Go Vap District, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
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26
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Zena Y, Periyasamy S, Tesfaye M, Tumsa Z, Jayakumar M, Mohamed BA, Asaithambi P, Aminabhavi TM. Essential characteristics improvement of metallic nanoparticles loaded carbohydrate polymeric films - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124803. [PMID: 37182627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum-based films have contributed immensely to various environmental issues. Developing green-based films from carbohydrate polymers is crucial for addressing the harms encountered. However, some limitations exist on their property, processibility, and applicability that prohibit their processing for further developments. This review discusses the potential carbohydrate polymers and their sources, film preparation methods, such as solvent-casting, tape-casting, extrusion, and thermo-mechanical compressions for green-based films using various biological polymers with their merits and demerits. Research outcomes revealed that the essential characteristics improvement achieved by incorporating different metallic nanoparticles has significantly reformed the properties of biofilms, including crystallization, mechanical stability, thermal stability, barrier function, and antimicrobial activity. The property-enhanced bio-based films made with nanoparticles are potentially interested in replacing fossil-based films in various areas, including food-packaging applications. The review paves a new way for the commercial use of numerous carbohydrate polymers to help maintain a sustainable green environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yezihalem Zena
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Selvakumar Periyasamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia.
| | - Melaku Tesfaye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Zelalem Tumsa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Mani Jayakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, P.O. Box No. 138, Haramaya, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Badr A Mohamed
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Perumal Asaithambi
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Po Box - 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580 031, India.
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27
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Wang HH, Zhou SJ, Xiong SJ, Liu Q, Tian H, Yu S, Yuan TQ. High-performance thermoplastic starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blends through synergistic plasticization of epoxidized soybean oil and glycerol. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124716. [PMID: 37150374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing starch, an abundant polysaccharide, as the renewable filler to blend with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a feasible tactic to construct cost-effective and high-performance biodegradable materials. It's worth noting that the thermal processing properties of starch can be manipulated by its plasticized behavior. Herein, epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and glycerol were used as the plasticizer for native corn starch and the plasticized starch was integrated with PBAT to manufacture starch-based biodegradable blend films. ESO breaks the hydrogen bonds between starch chains through the fatty chains grafting reaction and increases the distance between starch molecular chains due to the large molecular weight of ESO. Meanwhile, glycerol molecules are incorporated into the starch molecular chains, and fatty chains grafted starch chains, effectively reducing the intermolecular forces of molecular chains. On account of the synergistic plasticization of ESO and glycerol which possess good compatibility with PBAT, the PSG20E10 blend film achieved a tensile strength, an elongation at break of 16.11 MPa and 612.09 %, and the balanced water and oxygen permeability properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Hui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Si-Jie Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Jun Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huafeng Tian
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shixin Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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28
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Li Z, Li H, Wang M, Zhang Z, Yang L, Ma L, Liu H. Preparation and Properties of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic Hydroxypropyl Starch Composite Films Reinforced with Nano-Silica. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092026. [PMID: 37177174 PMCID: PMC10181392 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biodegradable plastics is gradually increasing, but its expensive cost limits promotion. In this study, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic hydroxypropyl starch reinforced with nano-silica (PBAT/TPHSg-SiO2) composite films with high hydroxypropyl starch content were prepared in a two-step process. The effect of reinforced thermoplastic hydroxypropyl starch on the mechanical, thermal, processing properties, and micromorphology of the composite films was investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength of the composite films was significantly improved by the addition of nano-silica, with 35% increase in horizontal tensile strength and 21% increase in vertical tensile strength after the addition of 4 phr of nano-silica. When the content of thermoplastic hydroxypropyl starch reinforced with nano-silica (TPHSg-4SiO2) is 40%, the horizontal and vertical tensile strengths of the films are 9.82 and 12.09 MPa, respectively, and the elongation at break of the films is over 500%. Electron micrographs show that TPHSg-4SiO2 is better homogeneously dispersed in the PBAT and exhibits a bi-continuous phase structure at a TPHSg-4SiO2 content of 40%. In this study, the blowing PBAT/TPHSg-4SiO2 composite films effectively reduce the cost and still show better mechanical properties, which are suitable for packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metal, School of Material Science and Engineer, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Muxi Wang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongyan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liting Yang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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29
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Meng D, Zhu G, Sun J, Li H, Gu X, Zhang S. Study on the biodegradation of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate/starch film containing deep eutectic solvent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 332:117419. [PMID: 36731403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) has attracted much attention as a biodegradable polymer, but its biodegradation speed is slow. Starch was blended with PBAT to develop daily packing film with high biodegradation speed, and deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of choline chloride (CHCl)/glycerol (Gly) (molar ratio of 1:2) was used as a novel plasticizer. The hydrophilic starch is in favor of the breeding of microorganisms, at the same time DES can provide energy for the breeding. The degradation was traced in a simulated composting test using kitchen waste. After the PBAT/starch-DES film was buried in a mixture of food residue for 90 D, the relative weight molecular weight (Mw) of the PBAT decreased by about 50%. Furthermore, with the help of DES, the compatibility between PBAT and starch was improved, the PBAT/starch-DES film became more transparent than the PBAT and PBAT/starch film, and its tensile strength reached 7.9 MPa with an elongation at break of 335.6%. This work provided a simple and efficient solution to obtain rapidly degradable films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guiyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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30
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Long Z, Wang W, Zhou Y, Yu L, Shen L, Dong Y. Effect of polybutylene adipate terephthalate on the properties of starch/polybutylene adipate terephthalate shape memory composites. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124452. [PMID: 37068541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the starch/polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) composite films with high starch content were prepared by hot-pressing and ultraviolet cross-linking methods using cassava starch, benzophenone (BP), degradable PBAT and citric acid as film-forming substrate, photosensitizer, toughening material and solvent, respectively. The results showed that starch and PBAT had excellent performance, resulting in the composites films exhibit robust tensile strength (9.90 MPa), decent elongation at break (500.05 %) and excellent shape memory property. Under 30 % pre-tensile strain, the shape memory fixity and recovery ratios reached 96.58 % and 93.94 %, respectively. In addition, the starch-based films were successfully rendered hydrophobic by PBAT hydrophobic characteristics. PBAT not only secures the biodegradability of the starch/PBAT composites films, but also improves the mechanical properties of them, and meets the requirements of the thermal shrinkage films when subjected to large strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomeng Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Laiming Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Luting Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yubing Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
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31
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Wongphan P, Nerín C, Harnkarnsujarit N. Enhanced compatibility and functionality of thermoplastic cassava starch blended PBAT blown films with erythorbate and nitrite. Food Chem 2023; 420:136107. [PMID: 37105087 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Improved miscibility between thermoplastic starch (TPS) and polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) enhances processability and properties of TPS-based biodegradable plastic packaging. This research investigated compatibility and functionality of TPS/PBAT (50/50) blends with sodium nitrite and sodium erythorbate (1-5%) via blown film extrusion. Film morphology and mechanical and barrier properties were investigated. Sodium nitrite and sodium erythorbate improved processing efficiency of TPS, modified film flexibility and enhanced physical and chemical compatibility between TPS and PBAT matrices via hydrolysis, confirmed by 1H NMR and ATR-FTIR analyses. These chemical reactions also affected thermal and phase transition behaviors. Increased starch granule dispersion caused smoother microstructure, resulting in higher oxygen barrier. Sodium nitrite and sodium erythorbate functionalized TPS/PBAT films reduced discoloration of packaged cured meat during storage at 4 °C for 9 days. These compounds provided extra functionality and improved compatibility between TPS and PBAT biodegradable plastic blends for novel and sustainable food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanwipa Wongphan
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Cristina Nerín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research I3A, CPS-University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
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Grossule V, Zanatta S, Modesti M, Lavagnolo MC. Treatment of food waste contaminated by bioplastics using BSF larvae: Impact and fate of starch-based bioplastic films. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117229. [PMID: 36621322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae in the treatment of biowaste, including food waste, represents a promising new (waste) treatment option. In line with an increasing use of starch-based bioplastics in food packaging, (e.g. shopper films), food waste contamination by these polymers is expected to rise, but the fate of these materials and impact produced on the BSF treatment process remain to be clarified. In the present study, food waste contaminated by starch-based bioplastic film was treated using a BSF larvae process with the aim of investigating both the effect of bioplastics on process performance and the effect of BSF larvae on bioplastic degradation. Larvae treatment performance was assessed by monitoring substrate degradation process and larvae growth in terms of weight variation and development time. Bioplastic degradation (both in the larvae process and in a larvae-free control test) was assessed by means of visual inspection, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA). The results obtained highlighted the absence of negative impacts of bioplastics on the BSF process, revealing a modestly higher degree of degradation in the larvae process compared to control test. The process however failed to achieve complete degradation of bioplastics, suggesting the need for additional post-processing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Grossule
- DICEA, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Padova. Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Silvia Zanatta
- DII, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova. Via Gradenigo 6, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Modesti
- DII, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova. Via Gradenigo 6, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Lavagnolo
- DICEA, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Padova. Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Guo Y, Chen X, Gong P, Long H, Wang J, Deng Z, Wang R, Han A, Qi Z, Yao W, Yang W, Wang J, Li N, Chen F. Characterization of an active film prepared with Lentinus edodes (shiitake) polysaccharide and its effect on post-harvest quality and storage of shiitake. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:123973. [PMID: 36921827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare a film based on shiitake (Lentinus edodes) stalk polysaccharides (LEP) for mushroom preservation. The effects of different LEP concentrations on physical, mechanical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of the prepared film were evaluated. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was revealed that the addition of 1.5 % LEP resulted in homogeneous distribution in the prepared film, as well as greatly improved its antimicrobial properties. Moreover, LEP film resulted in superior mushroom preservation by regulating enzyme activities related to mushroom browning and softening, thereby decaying these processes. In addition, the prepared film maintained mushroom quality by reducing the accumulation of H2O2 and activating the regulatory system against oxidative stress. Collectively, the findings of the present study highlight the potential benefits of LEP films as a strategy to improve mushroom quality and prevent post-harvest spoilage, hence constituting a novel prospect for the development of shiitake by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Hui Long
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiating Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Zhenfang Deng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Ruotong Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Aoyang Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Zhuoya Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenbo Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Fuxin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
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Zhai X, Li M, Zhang R, Wang W, Hou H. Extrusion-blown starch/PBAT biodegradable active films incorporated with high retentions of tea polyphenols and the release kinetics into food simulants. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:851-862. [PMID: 36563805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To reduce thermal degradation of tea polyphenols (TP) in final active packaging materials, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), starch, plasticizer, and TP were directly synthesized into masterbatches by one-pot method in this study without pre-dispersion, and then blown into active films. TP interacted with starch through hydrogen bonds, with little interaction with PBAT. Barrier properties were improved by incorporating TP into the films, whereas mechanical properties slightly decreased. Blending starch into PBAT greatly accelerated the degradation of the film. And the incorporation of TP slowed down the short-term degradation of the starch/PBAT film, but accelerated the long-term degradation. The initial total polyphenol content in the active film was positively related to the TP loading, whereas the initial retention rate remained above 95 % regardless of TP loadings. The retention rate of TP in active films decreased with storage time, but it was still above 80 % after 12 months, with a favorable stability. TP-loaded films displayed efficient antioxidant and antimicrobial activities with strong dose dependence. The release of TP into food simulants was mainly induced by random diffusion, with little effect from polymer swelling. The short-term release kinetics was well described by Fick's second law. This work has demonstrated the feasibility of TP being incorporated into the active films with high retention through high-throughput fabrication, which provides formula and technical options for the industrial development of active packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Zhai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Min Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
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35
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Liu X, Liao W, Xia W. Recent advances in chitosan based bioactive materials for food preservation. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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36
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Cheng Y, Zhai X, Wu Y, Li C, Zhang R, Sun C, Wang W, Hou H. Effects of natural wax types on the physicochemical properties of starch/gelatin edible films fabricated by extrusion blowing. Food Chem 2023; 401:134081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shang J, Li C, Song Y, Yan M, Li L, Hu C. Gas-solid fluidization modification of calcium carbonate for high-performance poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) composites. Front Chem 2023; 10:1119978. [PMID: 36712983 PMCID: PMC9877299 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1119978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Modifying biodegradable poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) plastic with inorganic fillers is critical for improving its overall performance, lowering the costs, and expanding its application scope. The chemical modification method for the inorganic filler determines the application performance of PBAT composites. In this work, gas-solid fluidization method was developed as a simple, efficient, and scalable strategy for chemically modifying CaCO3 filler. The modified CaCO3 filler was mixed with PBAT and melt extruded to prepare biodegradable PBAT/CaCO3 composites. The characterization results show that gas-solid fluidization method combines the traditional wet modification method's excellent modification effect with the scalability of the traditional dry modification method. The effects of modification methods and amount of CaCO3 filling on the crystallinity, mechanical, and rheological properties of PBAT/CaCO3 composites were compared. The results demonstrated that PBAT/CaCO3 composites containing 30% gas-solid fluidization modified CaCO3 could still maintain excellent overall performance. As a result, this work provides a simple, efficient, and scalable method for chemically modifying inorganic fillers and preparing biodegradable composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhi Shang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Li
- Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Song
- Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingkai Yan
- Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Li
- Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoquan Hu
- Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Chaoquan Hu,
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38
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Yang F, Chen G, Li J, Zhang C, Ma Z, Zhao M, Yang Y, Han Y, Huang Z, Weng Y. Effects of Quercetin and Organically Modified Montmorillonite on the Properties of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Thermoplastic Starch Active Packaging Films. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:663-672. [PMID: 36643425 PMCID: PMC9835550 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) film stands out owing to its acceptable price, low impact on the environment, and excellent mechanical properties. The main objective of this study was to improve the antioxidant properties of the PBAT/TPS film by incorporation of quercetin (Q) through the extrusion blow process. Another specific objective was to incorporate the organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) to prolong the release of Q and improve the poor barrier properties of the PBAT/TPS/Q film. The films were analyzed in terms of their morphology, mechanical properties, gas and water barrier properties, and antioxidant and anti-UV properties. Optimization of the OMMT content resulted in a fiber-like, co-continuous morphology of the PBAT/TPS/Q film. The incorporation of quercetin enhanced the antioxidant and anti-UV properties of the PBAT/TPS film, while OMMT improved the mechanical properties, ultraviolet barriers, and gas and water barrier properties. The results show that the films incorporating Q and OMMT provided the oxygen and water barrier by up to 94 and 54%, respectively. Also, the amount of polymer required for 50% 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition is as low as 0.03 g, and the UV transmission rate was reduced by about 50%. Moreover, PBAT/TPS/Q/OMMT films successfully delayed the decay of the banana and blueberry due to their excellent antioxidant properties and suitable water vapor permeability.
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39
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Jiang J, Zhang X, Gao S, Li M, Hou H. Effects of adding methods and modification types of cellulose on the physicochemical properties of starch/PBAT blown films. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1335-1343. [PMID: 36395948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study revealed the relationship between cellulose types/adding methods and film properties, in which sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were added into starch/PBAT blown films in powder, aqueous solution, and emulsion forms, respectively. Cellulose interacted with starch networks via hydrogen bonds, and those added in emulsion form made more homogeneous film morphologies. MCC emulsion enhanced the film strength (40%) and modulus (149%) to the greatest extent, while comprehensively, HPMC emulsion possessed better reinforcement effects on the films, which increased mechanical properties (31% ~ 100%), moisture barrier (20%), oxygen barrier (93%), surface hydrophobicity (20%), as well as water resistance (12% ~ 76%). Findings supported the application of cellulose in high-throughput biodegradable films, and the high-content starch/PBAT blown films reinforced by HPMC emulsion had great potential in commercial packaging fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Xiaochi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Shan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Center for Grain Processing of Shandong Province, Tai'an, Shandong Province 271018, China.
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40
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FILM-FORMING AND DESTRUCTION POWERS OF COMPOSITIONS BASED ON MODIFICATIONS OF NATURAL POLYMERS. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.15407/polymerj.44.04.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the conducted literature review of biodegradable film-forming compositions using modified natural polymers, using the example of starch, it can be seen that the range of possibilities for its modification and the choice of suitable synthetic polymers depend on the method of production and the field of use, and are generaily aimed at protecting the environment. The physico-mechanical and structural characteristics of film-forming polymers polybutyrate PBAT and polycaprolactone PCL, which belong to biodegradable polymers processed by the extrusion method with the addition of thermoplastic starch, were studied. The destructive properties of film-forming compositions obtained from aqueous solutions of plasticized starch after UV irradiation for 90 days were studied. The maximum loss of strength reaches 86%, and the loss of elasticity is 93%.The structural changes of the compositions were investigated by the mass spectrometric method.
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41
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Influence of starch content on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of starch/PBAT/ε-polylysine hydrochloride blown films. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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42
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Akhir MAM, Zubir SA, Mariatti J. Effect of different starch contents on physical, morphological, mechanical, barrier, and biodegradation properties of tapioca starch and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) blend film. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maisara A. M. Akhir
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia
- Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Kimia Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Perlis Malaysia
| | - Syazana A. Zubir
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia
| | - Jaafar Mariatti
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia
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43
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Gallo‐García LA, Peron‐Schlosser B, Carpiné D, de Oliveira RM, Simões BM, Dias AP, Yamashita F, Spier MR. Feasibility of production starch/poly(butylene adipate‐
co
‐terephthalate) biodegradable materials with microalgal biomass by blown film extrusion. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Gallo‐García
- Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate Program in Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Technology Sector Curitiba Paraná Brazil
| | - Bianca Peron‐Schlosser
- Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate Program in Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Technology Sector Curitiba Paraná Brazil
| | - Danielle Carpiné
- Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate Program in Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Technology Sector Curitiba Paraná Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Mesquita de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate Program in Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Technology Sector Curitiba Paraná Brazil
| | - Bruno Matheus Simões
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Center for Agricultural Sciences Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Londrina (UEL) Londrina Paraná Brazil
| | - Adriana Passos Dias
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Center for Agricultural Sciences Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Londrina (UEL) Londrina Paraná Brazil
| | - Fabio Yamashita
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Center for Agricultural Sciences Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Londrina (UEL) Londrina Paraná Brazil
| | - Michele Rigon Spier
- Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate Program in Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Technology Sector Curitiba Paraná Brazil
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44
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Zhai X, Zhang R, Wang W, Hou H. Relationship between phase morphologies and mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) composite films prepared by extrusion blowing. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1356-1360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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45
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Debeli DK, Huang F, Wu L. Sulfonated Poly(butylene Adipate- co-terephthalate)/Sodium Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Films with an Ultra-High Oxygen Barrier. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Kebebew Debeli
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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46
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Cheng Z, Chen Z, Zhao B, Liao H, Yu T, Li Y. High-performance degradable films of poly(lactic acid)/thermochromic microcapsule composites with thermochromic and energy storage functions via blown film process. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:238-249. [PMID: 35985393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the polylactic acid (PLA)/reversible thermochromic microcapsule (TCM) packaging application film was successfully synthesized by the blown film process. White mineral oil (WMO) was used as a dispersant to prepare PLA/TCM extruded materials with different mass fractions, in which the mass fraction of TCM was up to 20 wt% and the structural, thermal, mechanical, barrier, thermochromic, and heat storage-release properties were evaluated. It was found that WMO had a plasticizing effect, the elongation at break and water vapor transmission rate of the films with the addition of 7 wt% TCM were increased by 533 % and 31.38 %, respectively. For each thermochromic film, significant thermochromic and energy storage release phenomena were observed. For instance, 20 wt% TCM thermochromic film was most effective for prolonging the holding time and suspending the temperature drop rate. In general, thermochromic packaging films with optimized constitutes were successfully synthesized by the blown film process, which provides essential reference significance for the large-scale thermochromic film applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefei Cheng
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Haoran Liao
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Mapping and Remote Sensing for Planetary Exploration, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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47
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Ye C, Yu F, Huang Y, Hua M, Zhang S, Feng J. Hydrochar as an environment-friendly additive to improve the performance of biodegradable plastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155124. [PMID: 35405227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastic additives affect the properties of plastics, which further determine the application range of plastics. However, most plastic additives have environmental friendliness or performance issues limiting their application. Hydrochar (HC) from waste biomass by hydrothermal carbonization has been proved to contain organic matter as function substances, like a binder, and is environment-friendly material. Currently, hydrochar as a plastic additive has not been previously reported. In this study, the HC/PBAT composites were produced by hydrochar blending with poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) which is a biodegradable polymer. The hydrochar produced at different hydrothermal carbonization temperatures (180 °C, 210 °C, 240 °C, 270 °C, and 300 °C) and the addition of hydrochar (10 wt%, 20 wt%) were investigated. The results showed that the elastic modulus of the composites was increased by 27.4 MPa and 32.5 MPa compared with virgin PBAT while adding 10 wt% and 20 wt% hydrochar, respectively. Moreover, the stiffness of the composite was improved, and the balance of stiffness and toughness of the composites was effectively maintained when adding 10 wt% hydrochar treated at 300 °C. The elongation at break, tensile strength, and the elastic modulus of its composites were 630.8 ± 13.7%, 23.0 ± 0.4 MPa, and 100.5 ± 2.7 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, the crystallization temperature of the composites was increased after hydrochar was added into PBAT, and the maximum was 87.9 °C. It also means that hydrochar has a great nucleation effect during plastic processing. Therefore, hydrochar can be used as an environment-friendly additive to promote the performance of biodegradable plastic and promise to be applied in the field of biodegradable plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ye
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fengbo Yu
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingda Hua
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jiachun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Wang X, Pan H, Jia S, Wang Z, Tian H, Han L, Zhang H. In-situ reaction compatibilization modification of poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate)/polylactide acid blend films by multifunctional epoxy compound. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:934-943. [PMID: 35688276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) (PBST) copolyester, is a new type of biodegradable synthetic polymer material that has emerged in recent years, but it cannot meet the market requirements, because of its low strength. The high-strength and high-modulus polylactic acid (PLA) was blended with PBST to increase its strength, and the chain extender ADR-4370 was used to modify PBST/PLA films by reaction and compatibilization. Compared with the 80/20 wt% PBST/PLA films, the tensile strength after modification with 0.3 wt% ADR was increased by 21.8 % and 44.3 % in the machine direction (MD) and in the transverse direction (TD), respectively. The Water Vapor Permeability (WVP) was decreased from 10.0 × 10-14 to 3.09 × 10-14 g·cm/cm2·s·Pa. The compatibilization mechanism was studied by gel permeation chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, rheological analysis, and other characterization methods. The formation of the copolymer PLA-g-PBST is the most important factor to improve the compatibility of the system and the mechanical properties of the films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Shiling Jia
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zepeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hanlin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lijing Han
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Huiliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Zhejiang Zhongke Applied Chemistry Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China.
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Paulo AFS, Balan GC, Ströher GR, Yamashita F, Bittencourt PRS, Sakanaka LS, Katsuda MS, Shirai MA. Influence of free and microencapsulated oregano oil on starch and poly (butylene co-terephthalate adipate) active film properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03743-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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50
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