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Kabil MF, Azzazy HMES, Nasr M. Recent progress on polySarcosine as an alternative to PEGylation: Synthesis and biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123871. [PMID: 38301810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Biotherapeutic PEGylation to prolong action of medications has gained popularity over the last decades. Various hydrophilic natural polymers have been developed to tackle the drawbacks of PEGylation, such as its accelerated blood clearance and non-biodegradability. Polypeptoides, such as polysarcosine (pSar), have been explored as hydrophilic substitutes for PEG. pSar has PEG-like physicochemical characteristics such as water solubility and no reported cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. This review discusses pSar derivatives, synthesis, characterization approaches, biomedical applications, in addition to the challenges and future perspectives of pSar based biomaterials as an alternative to PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Wu MY, Huang SW, Kao IF, Yen SK. The Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan/Calcium Phosphate Composite Microspheres for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:167. [PMID: 38256966 PMCID: PMC10820865 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we successfully prepared porous composite microspheres composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), di-calcium phosphate di-hydrated (DCPD), and chitosan through the hydrothermal method. The chitosan played a crucial role as a chelating agent to facilitate the growth of related calcium phosphates. The synthesized porous composite microspheres exhibit a specific surface area of 38.16 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.24 cm3/g, with the pore size ranging from 4 to 100 nm. Given the unique properties of chitosan and the exceptional porosity of these composite microspheres, they may serve as carriers for pharmaceuticals. After being annealed, the chitosan transforms into a condensed form and the DCPD transforms into Ca2P2O7 at 300 °C. Then, the Ca2P2O7 initially combines with HAp to transform into β tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) at 500 °C where the chitosan is also completely combusted. Finally, the microspheres are composed of Ca2P2O7, β-TCP, and HAp, also making them suitable for applications such as injectable bone graft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ying Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (M.-Y.W.); (S.-W.H.)
- Department of Orthopedics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (M.-Y.W.); (S.-W.H.)
| | - I-Fang Kao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (M.-Y.W.); (S.-W.H.)
| | - Shiow-Kang Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (M.-Y.W.); (S.-W.H.)
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Abdulaziz F, Issa K, Alyami M, Alotibi S, Alanazi AA, Taha TAM, Saad AME, Hammouda GA, Hamad N, Alshaaer M. Preparation and Characterization of Mono- and Biphasic Ca 1-xAg xHPO 4·nH 2O Compounds for Biomedical Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:547. [PMID: 37999188 PMCID: PMC10669227 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of the full-scale replacement (up to 100%) of Ca2+ ions with Ag1+ ions in the structure of brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O). This substitution has potential benefits for producing monophasic and biphasic Ca1-xAgxHPO4·nH2O compounds. To prepare the starting solutions, (NH4)2HPO4, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, and AgNO3 at different concentrations were used. The results showed that when the Ag/Ca molar ratio was below 0.25, partial substitution of Ca with Ag reduced the size of the unit cell of brushite. As the Ag/Ca molar ratio increased to 4, a compound with both monoclinic CaHPO4·2H2O and cubic nanostructured Ag3PO4 phases formed. There was a nearly linear relationship between the Ag ion ratio in the starting solutions and the wt% precipitation of the Ag3PO4 phase in the resulting compound. Moreover, when the Ag/Ca molar ratio exceeded 4, a single-phase Ag3PO4 compound formed. Hence, adjusting the Ag/Ca ratio in the starting solution allows the production of biomaterials with customized properties. In summary, this study introduces a novel synthesis method for the mono- and biphasic Ca1-xAgxHPO4·nH2O compounds brushite and silver phosphate. The preparation of these phases in a one-pot synthesis with controlled phase composition resulted in the enhancement of existing bone cement formulations by allowing better mixing of the starting ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Abdulaziz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khalil Issa
- Orthopedics Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 00972, Palestine;
| | - Mohammed Alyami
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.M.E.S.); (N.H.)
| | - Satam Alotibi
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.M.E.S.); (N.H.)
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (G.A.H.)
| | - Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
- Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf 32952, Egypt
| | - Asma M. E. Saad
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.M.E.S.); (N.H.)
| | - Gehan A. Hammouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (G.A.H.)
| | - Nagat Hamad
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.M.E.S.); (N.H.)
| | - Mazen Alshaaer
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.M.E.S.); (N.H.)
- Department Mechanics of Materials and Constructions (MEMC), Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Ge M, Xie D, Yang Y, Liang H, Gu J, Zhang Q, Xie J, Tian Z. Biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of MgO/Ca3(PO4)2 composite ceramic scaffold based on vat photopolymerization technology. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213644. [PMID: 37778294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in medical technology and increased interdisciplinary research have facilitated the development of the field of medical engineering. Specifically, in bone repair, researchers and potential users have placed greater demands on orthopedic implants regarding their biocompatibility, degradation rates, antibacterial properties, and other aspects. In response, our team developed composite ceramic samples using degradable materials calcium phosphate and magnesium oxide through the vat photopolymerization (VP) technique. The calcium phosphate content in each sample was, respectively, 80 %, 60 %, 40 %, and 20 %. To explore the relationship between the biocompatibility, antibacterial activity, and MgO content of the samples, we cultured them with osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), Escherichia coli (a gram-negative bacterium), and Staphylococcus aureus (a gram-positive bacterium). Our results demonstrate that as the MgO content of the sample increases, its biocompatibility improves but its antibacterial activity decreases. Regarding the composite material samples, the 20 % calcium phosphate content group exhibited the best biocompatibility. However, after 0.5 h of co-cultivation, the antibacterial rates of all groups except the 20 % calcium phosphate content group co-cultured with S. aureus exceed 80 %. Furthermore, after 3 h, the antibacterial rates against E. coli exceed 95 % in all groups. This is because higher levels of MgO correspond to lower pH values and Mg2+ concentrations in the cell and bacterial culture solutions, which ultimately promote cell and bacterial proliferation. This elevates the biocompatibility of the samples, albeit at the expense of their antimicrobial efficacy. Thus, modulating the MgO content in the composite ceramic samples provides a strategy to develop gradient composite scaffolds for better control of their biocompatibility and antibacterial performance during different stages of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxing Ge
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Deqiao Xie
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Youwen Yang
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Huixin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jiasen Gu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Qiuwei Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jianling Xie
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Zongjun Tian
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China; Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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Ge M, Xie D, Yang Y, Tian Z. Sintering densification mechanism and mechanical properties of the 3D-printed high-melting-point-difference magnesium oxide/calcium phosphate composite bio-ceramic scaffold. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 144:105978. [PMID: 37339536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, biodegradable ceramic scaffolds have gained significant attention in the field of bone repair. Calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2)- and magnesium oxide (MgO)-based ceramics are biocompatible, osteogenic, and biodegradable, making them attractive for potential applications. However, the mechanical properties of Ca3(PO4)2 are limited. We developed a magnesium oxide/calcium phosphate composite bio-ceramic scaffold characterized by a high melting point difference, using vat photopolymerization (VP) technology to address this issue. The primary goal was to fabricate high-strength ceramic scaffolds using biodegradable materials. In this study, we investigated ceramic scaffolds with varying MgO contents and sintering temperatures. We also discussed the co-sintering densification mechanism of high and low melting-point materials associated with composite ceramic scaffolds. During sintering, a liquid phase was generated, which filled up the pores generated during the vaporization of additives (such as resin) under the influence of capillary force. This led to an increase in the extent of ceramic densification realized. Moreover, we found ceramic scaffolds with 80 wt% MgO exhibited the best mechanical performance. This kind of composite scaffold performed better than pure MgO scaffold. The results reported herein highlight that high-density composite ceramic scaffolds can be potentially used in the field of bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxing Ge
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Deqiao Xie
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Youwen Yang
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zongjun Tian
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China; Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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Alanazi AA, Abdulaziz F, Alyami M, Alotibi S, Sakka S, Mallouh SA, Abu-Zurayk R, Alshaaer M. The Effect of Full-Scale Exchange of Ca 2+ with Zn 2+ Ions on the Crystal Structure of Brushite and Its Phase Composition. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:333. [PMID: 37622938 PMCID: PMC10452532 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of a complete exchange of Ca2+ with Zn2+ ions on the structure of brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O), which might be advantageous in the production process of CaxZn1-xHPO4·nH2O. To acquire the starting solutions needed for the current study, (NH4)2HPO4, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O were utilized in several molar concentrations. The findings indicate that Ca is partly substituted by Zn when the Zn/Ca molar ratio is below 0.25 and that Zn doping hinders the crystallization of brushite. A continued increase in the Zn/Ca molar ratio to 1 (at which point the supersaturation of the Zn solution rises) led to a biphasic compound of monoclinic brushite and parascholzite precipitate. Elevating the Zn/Ca molar ratio to 1.5 resulted in a precipitate of a parascholzite-like mineral. Finally, increasing the Zn/Ca molar ratio to 4 and above resulted in the formation of the hopeite mineral. Future biomaterial production with specific and bespoke characteristics can be achieved by adjusting the Zn/Ca ratio in the starting solution. It Rhas been established that the Zn/Ca ratio in the starting solution can be adjusted to obtain minerals with specific compositions. Thus, new synthesis methods for parascholzite and hopeite were introduced for the first time in this manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz A. Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad Abdulaziz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Alyami
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Satam Alotibi
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Salah Sakka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saida Abu Mallouh
- Nanotechnology Center-Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.A.M.); (R.A.-Z.)
| | - Rund Abu-Zurayk
- Nanotechnology Center-Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.A.M.); (R.A.-Z.)
| | - Mazen Alshaaer
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.A.)
- Department Mechanics of Materials and Constructions (MEMC), Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Management of bone diseases: looking at scaffold-based strategies for drug delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:79-104. [PMID: 35816230 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01191-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The bone tissue can regenerate itself completely and continuously; however, large-scale bone defects may overpower this self-regenerative process. Furthermore, the aging population, the increment in obesity incidence, and the sedentary lifestyles are serious risk factors for bone diseases' development which are associated with the self-regenerative process's failure, high morbidity, and mortality rates. Thus, there is an ever-growing need for strategic approaches targeting bone replacement, its remodelling, and its regeneration. Bone scaffolds have successfully been used as synthetic bone grafts for many years, yet recent bone tissue engineering strategies attempt to explore their multifunctionality by investigating them as drug delivery systems. Bone diseases' treatments can be substantially difficult due to the avascular nature of the surrounding cartilage; thus, targeted drug delivery to the bone can be advantageous: it provides local high drug concentrations and minimizes adverse effects while securing a space for new, healthy tissue growth. Despite the promising scientific progress, studies underlining bone scaffolds' use as local drug delivery systems are not abundant. Hence, this work reviews bone scaffolds' therapeutic interest for local drug delivery in five distinct bone disorders-osteomyelitis, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma, and cancer bone metastasis. Additionally, it presents the challenges of this possible therapeutic approach and its future perspectives. Albeit bone scaffolds present therapeutic benefits by acting as drug delivery systems, further pre-clinical and clinical assessments are needed to strengthen their understanding and enable research evidence translation into clinical practice. The mismatch between scientific evolution and regulatory frameworks remains one of the major future challenges.
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Smith M, Roberts M, Al-Kassas R. Implantable drug delivery systems for the treatment of osteomyelitis. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:511-527. [PMID: 36222433 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2135729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone tissue and bone marrow which is becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the infection causing pathogens associated. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main bacteria that causes this infection, which has a broad spectrum of antibiotic resistance making it extremely difficult to treat. Conventional metal implants used in orthopaedic applications often have the drawback of implant induced osteomyelitis as well as the requirement of a second surgery to remove the implant once it is no longer required. Recently, attention has been focused on the design and fabrication of biodegradable implants for the treatment of bone infection. The main benefit of biodegradable implants over polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) based non-degradable systems is that they do not require a second surgery for removal and so making degradable implants safer and easier to use. The main purpose of a biodegradable implant is to provide the necessary support and conductivity to allow the bone to regenerate whilst themselves degrading at a rate that is compatible with the rate of formation of new bone. They must be highly biocompatible to ensure there is no inflammation or irritation within the surrounding tissue. During this review, the latest research into antibiotic loaded biodegradable implants will be explored. Their benefits and drawbacks will be compared with those non-degradable PMMA beads, which is the stable material used within antibiotic loaded implants. Biodegradable implants most frequently used are based on biodegradable natural and synthetic polymers. Implants can take the form of many different structures; the most commonly fabricated structure is a scaffold. Other structures that will be explored within this review are hydrogels, nanoparticles and surface coatings, all with their own benefits/drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Matthew Roberts
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Raida Al-Kassas
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
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Strutynska N, Slobodyanik M, Tykhonenko T, Titov Y, Stus N. Features of synthesis of sodium and carbonate containing biphasic calcium phosphates and their cytotoxicity. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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The Impact of Full-Scale Substitution of Ca2+ with Ni2+ Ions on Brushite’s Crystal Structure and Phase Composition. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12070940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Because the impact of the full-scale substitution of Ca2+ in brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) with Ni2+ ions has never been systematically explored, it is the focus of this investigation, as it holds potential for use in CaxNi1−xHPO4·nH2O production. These biomaterials have many beneficial characteristics that can be modified to suit diverse applications, including bone tissue regeneration and pharmaceutics. For the present study, NaH2PO4·2H2O, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, and Ni(NO3)2·6H2O were used in various molar concentrations to obtain the required starting solutions. Previous studies have shown that adding Ni ions in the initial solution below 20% results in the precipitation of monophasic brushite with slight changes in the crystal structure. However, this study confirms that when the Ni ions substitution increases to 20%, a mixture of phases from both brushite and hexaaquanickel(II) hydrogenphosphate monohydrate HNiP (Ni(H2O)6·HPO4·H2O) is formed. The results confirm that the full replacement (100%) of Ca ions by Ni ions results in a monophasic compound solely comprising orthorhombic HNiP nanocrystals. Therefore, a novel technique of HNiP synthesis using the precipitation method is introduced in this research work. These materials are subsequently analyzed utilizing powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results confirm that the material microstructure is controlled by the Ni/Ca ratio in the starting solution and can be modified to obtain the desired characteristics of phases and crystals.
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Fan J, Abedi-Dorcheh K, Sadat Vaziri A, Kazemi-Aghdam F, Rafieyan S, Sohrabinejad M, Ghorbani M, Rastegar Adib F, Ghasemi Z, Klavins K, Jahed V. A Review of Recent Advances in Natural Polymer-Based Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102097. [PMID: 35631979 PMCID: PMC9145843 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The musculoskeletal (MS) system consists of bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, and skeletal muscle, which forms the basic framework of the human body. This system plays a vital role in appropriate body functions, including movement, the protection of internal organs, support, hematopoiesis, and postural stability. Therefore, it is understandable that the damage or loss of MS tissues significantly reduces the quality of life and limits mobility. Tissue engineering and its applications in the healthcare industry have been rapidly growing over the past few decades. Tissue engineering has made significant contributions toward developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of MS defects and relevant disease. Among various biomaterials used for tissue engineering, natural polymers offer superior properties that promote optimal cell interaction and desired biological function. Natural polymers have similarity with the native ECM, including enzymatic degradation, bio-resorb and non-toxic degradation products, ability to conjugate with various agents, and high chemical versatility, biocompatibility, and bioactivity that promote optimal cell interaction and desired biological functions. This review summarizes recent advances in applying natural-based scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhi Fan
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Keyvan Abedi-Dorcheh
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Asma Sadat Vaziri
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Fereshteh Kazemi-Aghdam
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Saeed Rafieyan
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Masoume Sohrabinejad
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Mina Ghorbani
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Fatemeh Rastegar Adib
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Kristaps Klavins
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (V.J.)
| | - Vahid Jahed
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (V.J.)
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12
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Tian Y, Wu D, Wu D, Cui Y, Ren G, Wang Y, Wang J, Peng C. Chitosan-Based Biomaterial Scaffolds for the Repair of Infected Bone Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:899760. [PMID: 35600891 PMCID: PMC9114740 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.899760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of infected bone defects includes infection control and repair of the bone defect. The development of biomaterials with anti-infection and osteogenic ability provides a promising strategy for the repair of infected bone defects. Owing to its antibacterial properties, chitosan (an emerging natural polymer) has been widely studied in bone tissue engineering. Moreover, it has been shown that chitosan promotes the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-related cells, and can serve as an ideal carrier for bone-promoting substances. In this review, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the antibacterial effects of chitosan and its ability to promote bone repair are discussed. Furthermore, the properties of several kinds of functionalized chitosan are analyzed and compared with those of pure chitosan. The latest research on the combination of chitosan with different types of functionalized materials and biomolecules for the treatment of infected bone defects is also summarized. Finally, the current shortcomings of chitosan-based biomaterials for the treatment of infected bone defects and future research directions are discussed. This review provides a theoretical basis and advanced design strategies for the use of chitosan-based biomaterials in the treatment of infected bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Tian
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Danhua Wu
- The People’s Hospital of Chaoyang District, Changchun, China
| | - Dankai Wu
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yutao Cui
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guangkai Ren
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chuangang Peng
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chuangang Peng,
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13
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Ressler A, Antunović M, Teruel-Biosca L, Ferrer GG, Babić S, Urlić I, Ivanković M, Ivanković H. Osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on substituted calcium phosphate/chitosan composite scaffold. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118883. [PMID: 34893286 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ionic substitutions are a promising strategy to enhance the biological performance of calcium phosphates (CaP) and composite materials for bone tissue engineering applications. However, systematic studies have not been performed on multi-substituted organic/inorganic scaffolds. In this work, highly porous composite scaffolds based on CaPs substituted with Sr2+, Mg2+, Zn2+ and SeO32- ions, and chitosan have been prepared by freeze-gelation technique. The scaffolds have shown highly porous structure, with very well interconnected pores and homogeneously dispersed CaPs, and high stability during 28 days in the degradation medium. Osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells seeded on scaffolds has been determined by histological, immunohistochemical and RT-qPCR analysis of cultured cells in static and dynamic conditions. Results indicated that ionic substitutions have a beneficial effect on cells and tissues. The scaffolds with multi-substituted CaPs have shown increased expression of osteogenesis related markers and increased phosphate deposits, compared to the scaffolds with non-substituted CaPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Ressler
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Maja Antunović
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Teruel-Biosca
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Slaven Babić
- UHC "Sestre Milosrdnice", Department for Traumatology, Draškovićeva 19, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Inga Urlić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia.
| | - Marica Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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14
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Shademani A, Jackson JK, Thompson CJ, Chiao M. Controlled and localized antibiotics delivery using magnetic-responsive beads for synergistic treatment of orthopedic infection. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1036-1051. [PMID: 34997805 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-loaded bone cement beads have been a reliable passive delivery system for the localized treatment of osteomyelitis; however, low, and unregulated drug release rates limit the ability of this system to maintain therapeutic concentrations. This problem is further amplified by drug-resistant pathogens that might invade or evolve under these conditions. Furthermore, currently available bone cements are incompatible with some antibiotics. The proposed device resembles conventional bone cement beads but contains an on-demand drug delivery magnetic sponge that provides actively controlled release of antibiotics. The slightly porous structure facilitates some drug diffusion while further drug release may be controlled remotely via magnetic actuation. Additionally, a combination of silver nitrate and gentamicin are used in the device as these agents are shown to display a synergistic antibacterial activity in vitro using checkerboard and time-kill assays. The device releases gentamicin and silver in both actuation and diffusion modes over 7 days. The in vitro bacterial studies demonstrate the efficacy of the released agents alone, and synergistically in combination, against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The proposed device offers a facile fabrication process which allows control of the release profile by engineering hole configurations or manipulating magnetic field strength to provide the most effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shademani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John K Jackson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Charles J Thompson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mu Chiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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15
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Cyphert EL, Zhang N, Learn GD, Hernandez CJ, von Recum HA. Recent Advances in the Evaluation of Antimicrobial Materials for Resolution of Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infections In Vivo. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:3125-3160. [PMID: 34761915 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
While orthopedic implant-associated infections are rare, revision surgeries resulting from infections incur considerable healthcare costs and represent a substantial research area clinically, in academia, and in industry. In recent years, there have been numerous advances in the development of antimicrobial strategies for the prevention and treatment of orthopedic implant-associated infections which offer promise to improve the limitations of existing delivery systems through local and controlled release of antimicrobial agents. Prior to translation to in vivo orthopedic implant-associated infection models, the properties (e.g., degradation, antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility) of the antimicrobial materials can be evaluated in subcutaneous implant in vivo models. The antimicrobial materials are then incorporated into in vivo implant models to evaluate the efficacy of using the material to prevent or treat implant-associated infections. Recent technological advances such as 3D-printing, bacterial genomic sequencing, and real-time in vivo imaging of infection and inflammation have contributed to the development of preclinical implant-associated infection models that more effectively recapitulate the clinical presentation of infections and improve the evaluation of antimicrobial materials. This Review highlights the advantages and limitations of antimicrobial materials used in conjunction with orthopedic implants for the prevention and treatment of orthopedic implant-associated infections and discusses how these materials are evaluated in preclinical in vivo models. This analysis serves as a resource for biomaterial researchers in the selection of an appropriate orthopedic implant-associated infection preclinical model to evaluate novel antimicrobial materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L. Cyphert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ningjing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Greg D. Learn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Christopher J. Hernandez
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Horst A. von Recum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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16
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Wassif RK, Elkayal M, Shamma RN, Elkheshen SA. Recent advances in the local antibiotics delivery systems for management of osteomyelitis. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2392-2414. [PMID: 34755579 PMCID: PMC8583938 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1998246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic osteomyelitis is a challenging disease due to its serious rates of mortality and morbidity while the currently available treatment strategies are suboptimal. In contrast to the adopted systemic treatment approaches after surgical debridement in chronic osteomyelitis, local drug delivery systems are receiving great attention in the recent decades. Local drug delivery systems using special carriers have the pros of enhancing the feasibility of penetration of antimicrobial agents to bone tissues, providing sustained release and localized concentrations of the antimicrobial agents in the infected area while avoiding the systemic side effects and toxicity. Most important, the incorporation of osteoinductive and osteoconductive materials in these systems assists bones proliferation and differentiation, hence the generation of new bone materials is enhanced. Some of these systems can also provide mechanical support for the long bones during the healing process. Most important, if the local systems are designed to be injectable to the affected site and biodegradable, they will reduce the level of invasion required for implantation and can win the patients’ compliance and reduce the healing period. They will also allow multiple injections during the course of therapy to guard against the side effect of the long-term systemic therapy. The current review presents different available approaches for delivering antimicrobial agents for the treatment of osteomyelitis focusing on the recent advances in researches for local delivery of antibiotics.HIGHLIGHTS Chronic osteomyelitis is a challenging disease due to its serious mortality and morbidity rates and limited effective treatment options. Local drug delivery systems are receiving great attention in the recent decades. Osteoinductive and osteoconductive materials in the local systems assists bones proliferation and differentiation Local systems can be designed to provide mechanical support for the long bones during the healing process. Designing the local system to be injectable to the affected site and biodegradable will reduces the level of invasion and win the patients’ compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Khaled Wassif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Elkayal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab Nabil Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham A Elkheshen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Effect of Ca2+ Replacement with Cu2+ Ions in Brushite on the Phase Composition and Crystal Structure. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The gradual replacement of Ca2+ with Cu2+ ions in brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) has been extensively studied and discussed. The approach adopted in this work has not been systematically explored in previous studies. This novel approach may prove beneficial for the production of Ca1−xCuxHPO4·nH2O materials with desired properties suitable for medical applications. Solutions of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate dihydrate, NaH2PO4·2H2O, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, copper nitrate trihydrate, Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, ammonium hydroxide solution, and diluted HCl were used for the preparation of these materials. At low Cu/Ca molar ratios (up to 0.25) in the starting solution, biphasic phosphate minerals were formed: brushite and sampleite. When the Cu/Ca molar ratio increases gradually from 0.67 to 1.5, sampleite-like mineral precipitates. Powdered XRD (X-ray diffraction), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) techniques were employed for the study of the microstructure of the produced materials for different degrees of Ca replacement with Mg. It is found that the Cu/Ca ratio in the starting solution can be adjusted to obtain materials with tailored composition. Thus, a new method of sampleite-like synthesis as a rare mineral is introduced in this study. Both phosphate minerals brushite and sampleite-like minerals are attractive as precursors of bioceramics and biocements. The search for such products that may decrease the possibility of post prosthetic or implant infection can be crucial in preventing devastating post-surgical complications.
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18
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Yu X, Wang Y, Liu X, Ge Y, Zhang S. Ursolic Acid Loaded-Mesoporous Hydroxylapatite/ Chitosan Therapeutic Scaffolds Regulate Bone Regeneration Ability by Promoting the M2-Type Polarization of Macrophages. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5301-5315. [PMID: 34393482 PMCID: PMC8355748 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s323033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesoporous hydroxylapatite (MHAP) might be important for bone regeneration, and ursolic acid (UA) has anti-inflammatory effects. Accordingly, we developed, for the first time, ursolic acid-loaded MHAP-chitosan (MHAP-CS-UA) scaffolds to treat bone defects. METHODS In vitro, we synthesize biomaterial scaffolds. By SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR, we test the performance of the hybrid scaffolds. By drug release, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, alizarin red staining, and Western blotting, we test the anti-inflammatory and osteo-inductive properties of scaffolds. In vivo, we verify osseointegration ability and bone regeneration. RESULTS The MHAP is a rod-shaped structure with a length of 100~300nm and a diameter of 40~60nm. The critical structure gives the micro-scaffold a property of control release due to the pore sizes of 1.6~4.3 nm in hydroxyapatite and the hydrogen bonding between the scaffolds and UA drugs. The released UA drugs could notably inhibit the polarization of macrophages to pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1 type) and promote the expression of osteogenic-related genes (COL1, ALP and OPG) and osteogenic-related proteins (BMP-2, RUNX2 and COL1). CONCLUSION The MHAP-CS-UA scaffolds have good anti-inflammatory, osseointegration, osteo-inductivity and bone regeneration. And they will be the novel and promising candidates to cure the bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijiao Yu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanyong Zhang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Kim JE, Park S, Lee WS, Han J, Lim JW, Jeong S, Lee MC, Yang WY, Seonwoo H, Kim BM, Choung YH, Jang KJ, Chung JH. Enhanced Osteogenesis of Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro Induced by Chitosan-PEG-Incorporated Calcium Phosphate Cement. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142252. [PMID: 34301012 PMCID: PMC8309336 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of bone graft materials is required for the treatment of bone defects damaged beyond the critical defect; therefore, injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is actively used after surgery. The application of various polymers to improve injectability, mechanical strength, and biological function of injection-type CPC is encouraged. We previously developed a chitosan–PEG conjugate (CS/PEG) by a sulfur (VI) fluoride exchange reaction, and the resulting chitosan derivative showed high solubility at a neutral pH. We have demonstrated the CPC incorporated with a poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted chitosan (CS/PEG) and developed CS/PEG CPC. The characterization of CS/PEG CPC was conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The initial properties of CS/PEG CPCs, such as the pH, porosity, mechanical strength, zeta potential, and in vitro biocompatibility using the WST-1 assay, were also investigated. Moreover, osteocompatibility of CS/PEG CPCs was carried out via Alizarin Red S staining, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot analysis. CS/PEG CPC has enhanced mechanical strength compared to CPC, and the cohesion test also demonstrated in vivo stability. Furthermore, we determined whether CS/PEG CPC is a suitable candidate for promoting the osteogenic ability of Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC). The elution of CS/PEG CPC entraps more calcium ion than CPC, as confirmed through the zeta potential test. Accordingly, the ion trapping effect of CS/PEG is considered to have played a role in promoting osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. The results strongly suggested that CS/PEG could be used as suitable additives for improving osteogenic induction of bone substitute materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Kim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.E.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Sangbae Park
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.W.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Woong-Sup Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (W.-S.L.); (B.M.K.)
| | - Jinsub Han
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.E.K.); (J.H.)
- BK21 Global Smart Farm Educational Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Woon Lim
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.W.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Seung Jeong
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.W.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Myung Chul Lee
- Department of Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Woo-Young Yang
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Hoon Seonwoo
- Department of Industrial Machinery Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea;
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - B. Moon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (W.-S.L.); (B.M.K.)
| | - Yun-Hoon Choung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Kyoung-Je Jang
- Division of Agro-System Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-J.J.); (J.H.C.); Tel.: +82-55-772-1898 (K.-J.J.); +82-2-880-4601 (J.H.C.)
| | - Jong Hoon Chung
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.E.K.); (J.H.)
- BK21 Global Smart Farm Educational Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Global Smart Farm Convergence Major, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-J.J.); (J.H.C.); Tel.: +82-55-772-1898 (K.-J.J.); +82-2-880-4601 (J.H.C.)
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20
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Radwan NH, Nasr M, Ishak RAH, Awad GAS. Moxifloxacin-loaded in situ synthesized Bioceramic/Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) composite scaffolds for treatment of osteomyelitis and orthopedic regeneration. Int J Pharm 2021; 602:120662. [PMID: 33933641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
High local intraosseous levels of antimicrobial agents are required for adequate long-term treatment of chronic osteomyelitis (OM). In this study, biodegradable composite scaffolds of poly-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone/calcium phosphate (CaP) were in-situ synthesized using two different polymer grades and synthesis pathways and compared to composites prepared by pre-formed (commercially available) CaP for delivery of the antibiotic moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOX). Phase identification and characterization by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed the successful formation of different CaP phases within the biodegradable polymer matrix. The selected in-situ formed CaP scaffold showed a sustained release for MOX for six weeks and adequate porosity. Cell viability study on MG-63 osteoblast-like cells revealed that the selected composite scaffold maintained the cellular proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, it was able to diminish the bacterial load, inflammation and sequestrum formation in the bones of OM-induced animals. The results of the present work deduce that the selected in-situ formed CaP composite scaffold is a propitious candidate for OM treatment, and further clinical experiments are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha H Radwan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania A H Ishak
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gehanne A S Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Kirillova A, Yeazel TR, Asheghali D, Petersen SR, Dort S, Gall K, Becker ML. Fabrication of Biomedical Scaffolds Using Biodegradable Polymers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11238-11304. [PMID: 33856196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Degradable polymers are used widely in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Maturing capabilities in additive manufacturing coupled with advances in orthogonal chemical functionalization methodologies have enabled a rapid evolution of defect-specific form factors and strategies for designing and creating bioactive scaffolds. However, these defect-specific scaffolds, especially when utilizing degradable polymers as the base material, present processing challenges that are distinct and unique from other classes of materials. The goal of this review is to provide a guide for the fabrication of biodegradable polymer-based scaffolds that includes the complete pathway starting from selecting materials, choosing the correct fabrication method, and considering the requirements for tissue specific applications of the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kirillova
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Taylor R Yeazel
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Darya Asheghali
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Shannon R Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sophia Dort
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ken Gall
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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22
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Gherasim O, Grumezescu AM, Ficai A, Grumezescu V, Holban AM, Gălățeanu B, Hudiță A. Composite P(3HB-3HV)-CS Spheres for Enhanced Antibiotic Efficiency. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:989. [PMID: 33807077 PMCID: PMC8004896 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural-derived biopolymers are suitable candidates for developing specific and selective performance-enhanced antimicrobial formulations. Composite polymeric particles based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and chitosan, P(3HB-3HV)-CS, are herein proposed as biocompatible and biodegradable delivery systems for bioproduced antibiotics: bacitracin (Bac), neomycin (Neo) and kanamycin (Kan). The stimuli-responsive spheres proved efficient platforms for boosting the antibiotic efficiency and antibacterial susceptibility, as evidenced against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Absent or reduced proinflammatory effects were evidenced on macrophages in the case of Bac-/Neo- and Kan-loaded spheres, respectively. Moreover, these systems showed superior ability to sustain and promote the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts, as well as to preserve their ultrastructure (membrane and cytoskeleton integrity) and to exhibit anti-oxidant activity. The antibiotic-loaded P(3HB-3HV)-CS spheres proved efficient alternatives for antibacterial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Gherasim
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (A.M.G.); (A.F.)
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma, and Radiation Physics, RO-77125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (A.M.G.); (A.F.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (A.M.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Valentina Grumezescu
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma, and Radiation Physics, RO-77125 Magurele, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Maria Holban
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 77206 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bianca Gălățeanu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (B.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Ariana Hudiță
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (B.G.); (A.H.)
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23
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Gradual Replacement of Ca2+ with Mg2+ Ions in Brushite for the Production of Ca1−xMgxHPO4·nH2O Materials. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11030284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the gradual replacement of Ca2+ with Mg2+ ions in brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O). To date, this approach has not been systematically explored and may prove beneficial for the production of Ca1−xMgxHPO4·nH2O materials with tailored properties which are suitable for environmental and medical applications. For their production, solutions of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate dehydrate, NaH2PO4·2H2O, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and ammonium hydroxide solution, NH4OH, were used. At low Mg/Ca molar ratios (up to 0.25) in the starting solution, partial replacement of Ca with Mg takes place (Mg doping) but no struvite is produced as discrete phase. When the Mg/Ca molar ratio increases gradually to 1.5, in addition to Mg-doped brushite, struvite, NH4MgPO4·6H2O, precipitates. The microstructure of the materials produced for different degrees of Ca replacement with Mg has been analyzed in depth with the use of powdered XRD (X-ray diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). The results of this study prove that the Mg/Ca ratio in the starting solution can be monitored in such a way that materials with tailored composition are obtained.
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Chen ZY, Gao S, Zhang YW, Zhou RB, Zhou F. Antibacterial biomaterials in bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2594-2612. [PMID: 33666632 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02983a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone infection is a devastating disease characterized by recurrence, drug-resistance, and high morbidity, that has prompted clinicians and scientists to develop novel approaches to combat it. Currently, although numerous biomaterials that possess excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, and mechanical strength have been developed, their lack of effective antibacterial ability substantially limits bone-defect treatment efficacy. There is, accordingly, a pressing need to design antibacterial biomaterials for effective bone-infection prevention and treatment. This review focuses on antibacterial biomaterials and strategies; it presents recently reported biomaterials, including antibacterial implants, antibacterial scaffolds, antibacterial hydrogels, and antibacterial bone cement types, and aims to provide an overview of these antibacterial materials for application in biomedicine. The antibacterial mechanisms of these materials are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yang Chen
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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25
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Abd-Allah H, Nasr M, Ahmed-Farid OAH, El-Marasy SA, Bakeer RM, Ahmed RF. Biological and Pharmacological Characterization of Ascorbic Acid and Nicotinamide Chitosan Nanoparticles against Insulin-Resistance-Induced Cognitive Defects: A Comparative Study. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3587-3601. [PMID: 33585742 PMCID: PMC7876703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
High consumption of industrialized food with high fat content is generally associated with insulin resistance, which in turn causes memory impairment and cognitive decline. Nicotinamide and ascorbic acid are among the promising neuroprotective molecules; however, an appreciable therapeutic activity necessitates the administration of a large dose of either. Therefore, the study aimed to assess if loading them in chitosan nanoparticles in doses 5-10 times lower than the unencapsulated forms would achieve comparable therapeutic results. Animals were fed a high-fat-high-fructose (HFHF) diet for 75 days. The vitamins in their conventional form (100 mg/kg) and the nanoparticles under investigation (10 and 20 mg/kg) were given orally concomitantly with the diet in the last 15 days. The intake of HFHF diet for 75 days led to an insulin-resistant state, with memory impairment, which was verified behaviorally through the object recognition test. This was accompanied by significant reduction in brain insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), increased acetylcholine esterase activity, increase in the serotonin and dopamine turnover ratio, and increase in oxidative stress and 8-OHdG, indicating cellular DNA fragmentation. Cellular energy was also decreased, and immunohistochemical examination verified the high immunoreactivity in both the cortex and hippocampus of the brain. The administration of nanoparticulated nicotinamide or ascorbic acid with a 10 times lesser dose than the unencapsulated forms managed to reverse all aforementioned harmful effects, with an even lesser immunoreactivity score than the unencapsulated form. Therefore, it can be concluded that nicotinamide or ascorbic acid chitosan nanoparticles can be recommended as daily supplements for neuroprotection in patients suffering from insulin resistance after conduction of clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Abd-Allah
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Organization Unity Street, 11561 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Organization Unity Street, 11561 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar A. H. Ahmed-Farid
- Department
of Physiology, National Organization for
Drug Control and Research, 35521 Giza, Egypt
| | - Salma A. El-Marasy
- Department
of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Rofanda M. Bakeer
- Department
of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan
University, 11795 Helwan, Egypt
- October
University of Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) University, 12451 6th October
City, Egypt
| | - Rania F. Ahmed
- Department
of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
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26
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Tang G, Tan Z, Zeng W, Wang X, Shi C, Liu Y, He H, Chen R, Ye X. Recent Advances of Chitosan-Based Injectable Hydrogels for Bone and Dental Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:587658. [PMID: 33042982 PMCID: PMC7527831 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.587658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional strategies of bone repair include autografts, allografts and surgical reconstructions, but they may bring about potential hazard of donor site morbidity, rejection, risk of disease transmission and repetitive surgery. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a multidisciplinary field that offers promising substitutes in biopharmaceutical applications, and chitosan (CS)-based bone reconstructions can be a potential candidate in regenerative tissue fields owing to its low immunogenicity, biodegradability, bioresorbable features, low-cost and economic nature. Formulations of CS-based injectable hydrogels with thermo/pH-response are advantageous in terms of their high-water imbibing capability, minimal invasiveness, porous networks, and ability to mold perfectly into an irregular defect. Additionally, CS combined with other naturally-derived or synthetic polymers and bioactive agents has proven to be an effective alternative to autologous bone and dental grafts. In this review, we will highlight the current progress in the development of preparation methods, physicochemical properties and applications of CS-based injectable hydrogels and their perspectives in bone and dental regeneration. We believe this review is intended as starting point and inspiration for future research effort to develop the next generation of tissue-engineering scaffold materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoke Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU), Hunan, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Tan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU), Hunan, China
| | - Wusi Zeng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU), Hunan, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changgui Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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27
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Tao F, Ma S, Tao H, Jin L, Luo Y, Zheng J, Xiang W, Deng H. Chitosan-based drug delivery systems: From synthesis strategy to osteomyelitis treatment - A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 251:117063. [PMID: 33142615 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a complex disease in orthopedics mainly caused by bacterial pathogens invading bone or bone marrow. The treatment of osteomyelitis is highly difficult and it is a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. The long-term systemic use of antibiotics may lead to antibiotic resistance and has limited effects on eradicating local biofilms. Localized antibiotic delivery after surgical debridement can overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance and reduce systemic toxicity. Chitosan, a special cationic polysaccharide, is a product extracted from the deacetylation of chitin. It has numerous advantages, such as nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Recently, chitosan has attracted significant attention in bacterial inhibition and drug delivery. Because chitosan contains many functional bioactive groups conducive to chemical reaction and modification, some chitosan-based biomaterials have been applied as the local antibiotic delivery systems in the treatment of osteomyelitis. This review aims to introduce recent advances in the biomedical applications of chitosan-based drug delivery systems in osteomyelitis treatment and to highlight the perspectives for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hai Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Hongbing Deng
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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