1
|
Li QQ, Xu D, Dong QW, Song XJ, Chen YB, Cui YL. Biomedical potentials of alginate via physical, chemical, and biological modifications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134409. [PMID: 39097042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Alginate is a linear polysaccharide with a modifiable structure and abundant functional groups, offers immense potential for tailoring diverse alginate-based materials to meet the demands of biomedical applications. Given the advancements in modification techniques, it is significant to analyze and summarize the modification of alginate by physical, chemical and biological methods. These approaches provide plentiful information on the preparation, characterization and application of alginate-based materials. Physical modification generally involves blending and physical crosslinking, while chemical modification relies on chemical reactions, mainly including acylation, sulfation, phosphorylation, carbodiimide coupling, nucleophilic substitution, graft copolymerization, terminal modification, and degradation. Chemical modified alginate contains chemically crosslinked alginate, grafted alginate and oligo-alginate. Biological modification associated with various enzymes to realize the hydrolysis or grafting. These diverse modifications hold great promise in fully harnessing the potential of alginate for its burgeoning biomedical applications in the future. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive discussion and summary of different modification methods applied to improve the properties of alginate while expanding its biomedical potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Qin-Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xu-Jiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Yi-Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Yuan-Lu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barbier L, Pipart P, Vahdati M, Lorthioir C, Tran Y, Hourdet D. Injectable hydrogels based on alginates grafted with LCST side-chains of different chemistry. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 336:122126. [PMID: 38670757 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A homologous series of thermoassociating copolymers was prepared by grafting onto alginates different amounts of three different temperature responsive polymers: poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(di(ethylene glycol)methacrylate) and poly(ethylene oxide-co-propylene oxide). From a large set of analytical techniques combining rheology, calorimetry, NMR and SAXS, the relevant parameters controlling the sol/gel transition and the gel properties, mainly the degree of entanglement of macromolecules and the fraction of responsive stickers, were highlighted and interpreted objectively by considering the particularities of the phase diagrams of LCST polymers. Complementary analyses were implemented to investigate adhesiveness, injectabilty, gel swelling and molecular release in physiological environment of thermogelling formulations. In particular, it is shown that steady shear experiments allow to predict the injection forces by taking into account the characteristics of the system (syringe and needle), and that the rapid gelation of the formulations when they are heated at 37 °C delays the release of small molecules into the environment. The overall set of data is discussed in the framework of scaling relations in order to draw quantitative guidelines for the design of injectable thermoresponsive hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Barbier
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - P Pipart
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - M Vahdati
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron, UPR 22, 67200 Strasbourg, France.
| | - C Lorthioir
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Sorbonne University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Y Tran
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - D Hourdet
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chandra DK, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Kumar A, Mahapatra C. Nanomaterials-Based Hybrid Bioink Platforms in Advancing 3D Bioprinting Technologies for Regenerative Medicine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4145-4174. [PMID: 38822783 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
3D bioprinting is recognized as the ultimate additive biomanufacturing technology in tissue engineering and regeneration, augmented with intelligent bioinks and bioprinters to construct tissues or organs, thereby eliminating the stipulation for artificial organs. For 3D bioprinting of soft tissues, such as kidneys, hearts, and other human body parts, formulations of bioink with enhanced bioinspired rheological and mechanical properties were essential. Nanomaterials-based hybrid bioinks have the potential to overcome the above-mentioned problem and require much attention among researchers. Natural and synthetic nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxides, titanium oxides, nanosilicates, nanoclay, nanocellulose, etc. and their blended have been used in various 3D bioprinters as bioinks and benefitted enhanced bioprintability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. A limited number of articles were published, and the above-mentioned requirement pushed us to write this review. We reviewed, explored, and discussed the nanomaterials and nanocomposite-based hybrid bioinks for the 3D bioprinting technology, 3D bioprinters properties, natural, synthetic, and nanomaterial-based hybrid bioinks, including applications with challenges, limitations, ethical considerations, potential solution for future perspective, and technological advancement of efficient and cost-effective 3D bioprinting methods in tissue regeneration and healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães 4800-058, Braga,Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães 4800-058, Braga,Portugal
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Chinmaya Mahapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Penolazzi L, Chierici A, Notarangelo MP, Dallan B, Lisignoli G, Lambertini E, Greco P, Piva R, Nastruzzi C. Wharton's jelly-derived multifunctional hydrogels: New tools to promote intervertebral disc regeneration in vitro and ex vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:973-987. [PMID: 38308554 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The degeneration of intervertebral disc (IVD) is a disease of the entire joint between two vertebrae in the spine caused by loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity, to date with no cure. The various regenerative approaches proposed so far have led to very limited successes. An emerging opportunity arises from the use of decellularized ECM as a scaffolding material that, directly or in combination with other materials, has greatly facilitated the advancement of tissue engineering. Here we focused on the decellularized matrix obtained from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly (DWJ) which retains several structural and bioactive molecules very similar to those of the IVD ECM. However, being a viscous gel, DWJ has limited ability to retain ordered structural features when considered as architecture scaffold. To overcome this limitation, we produced DWJ-based multifunctional hydrogels, in the form of 3D millicylinders containing different percentages of alginate, a seaweed-derived polysaccharide, and gelatin, denatured collagen, which may impart mechanical integrity to the biologically active DWJ. The developed protocol, based on a freezing step, leads to the consolidation of the entire polymeric dispersion mixture, followed by an ionic gelation step and a freeze-drying process. Finally, a porous, stable, easily storable, and suitable matrix for ex vivo experiments was obtained. The properties of the millicylinders (Wharton's jelly millicylinders [WJMs]) were then tested in culture of degenerated IVD cells isolated from disc tissues of patients undergoing surgical discectomy. We found that WJMs with the highest percentage of DWJ were effective in supporting cell migration, restoration of the IVD phenotype (increased expression of Collagen type 2, aggrecan, Sox9 and FOXO3a), anti-inflammatory action, and stem cell activity of resident progenitor/notochordal cells (increased number of CD24 positive cells). We are confident that the DWJ-based formulations proposed here can provide adequate stimuli to the cells present in the degenerated IVD to restart the anabolic machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Penolazzi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Chierici
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Beatrice Dallan
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lambertini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pantaleo Greco
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Nastruzzi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Kergariou C, Day GJ, Perriman AW, Armstrong JPK, Scarpa F. Flax fibre reinforced alginate poloxamer hydrogel: assessment of mechanical and 4D printing potential. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4021-4034. [PMID: 38695256 PMCID: PMC11095501 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical and printing performance of a new biomaterial, flax fibre-reinforced alginate-poloxamer based hydrogel, for load-bearing and 4D printing biomedical applications is described in this study. The-self suspendable ability of the material was evaluated by optimising the printing parameters and conducting a collapse test. 1% of the flax fibre weight fraction was sufficient to obtain an optimum hydrogel composite from a mechanical perspective. The collapse test showed that the addition of flax fibres allowed a consistent print without support over longer distances (8 and 10 mm) than the unreinforced hydrogel. The addition of 1% of flax fibres increased the viscosity by 39% and 129% at strain rates of 1 rad s-1 and 5 rad s-1, respectively, compared to the unreinforced hydrogel. The distributions of fibre size and orientation inside the material were also evaluated to identify the internal morphology of the material. The difference of coefficients of moisture expansion between the printing direction (1.29 × 10-1) and the transverse direction (6.03 × 10-1) showed potential for hygromorphic actuation in 4D printing. The actuation authority was demonstrated by printing a [0°; 90°] stacking sequence and rosette-like structures, which were then actuated using humidity gradients. Adding fibres to the hydrogel improved the repeatability of the actuation, while lowering the actuation authority from 0.11 mm-1 to 0.08 mm-1. Overall, this study highlighted the structural and actuation-related benefits of adding flax fibres to hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles de Kergariou
- Bristol Composites Institute, School of Civil, Aerospace and Design Engineering (CADE), University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK.
| | - Graham J Day
- Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
- Research School of Chemistry and John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra ACT2601, Australia
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, UK
| | - Fabrizio Scarpa
- Bristol Composites Institute, School of Civil, Aerospace and Design Engineering (CADE), University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iliopoulou A, Iatridi Z, Tsitsilianis C. A Remarkable Impact of pH on the Thermo-Responsive Properties of Alginate-Based Composite Hydrogels Incorporating P2VP-PEO Micellar Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:886. [PMID: 38611144 PMCID: PMC11013835 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A heterograft copolymer with an alginate backbone, hetero-grafted by polymer pendant chains displaying different lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs), combined with a pH-responsive poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (P2VP-b-PEO) diblock copolymer forming micellar nanoparticles, was investigated in aqueous media at various pHs. Due to its thermo-responsive side chains, the copolymer forms hydrogels with a thermo-induced sol-gel transition, above a critical temperature, Tgel (thermo-thickening). However, by lowering the pH of the medium in an acidic regime, a remarkable increase in the elasticity of the formulation was observed. This effect was more pronounced in low temperatures (below Tgel), suggesting secondary physical crosslinking, which induces significant changes in the hydrogel thermo-responsiveness, transforming the sol-gel transition to soft gel-strong gel. Moreover, the onset of thermo-thickening shifted to lower temperatures followed by the broadening of the transition zone, implying intermolecular interactions between the uncharged alginate backbone with the PNIPAM side chains, likely through H-bonding. The shear-thinning behavior of the soft gel in low temperatures provides injectability, which allows potential applications for 3D printing. Furthermore, the heterograft copolymer/nanoparticles composite hydrogel, encapsulating a model hydrophobic drug in the hydrophobic cores of the nanoparticles, was evaluated as a pH-responsive drug delivery system. The presented tunable drug delivery system might be useful for biomedical potential applications.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hameed H, Faheem S, Paiva-Santos AC, Sarwar HS, Jamshaid M. A Comprehensive Review of Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Classification, Properties, Recent Trends, and Applications. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:64. [PMID: 38514495 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
As adaptable biomaterials, hydrogels have shown great promise in several industries, which include the delivery of drugs, engineering of tissues, biosensing, and regenerative medicine. These hydrophilic polymer three-dimensional networks have special qualities like increased content of water, soft, flexible nature, as well as biocompatibility, which makes it excellent candidates for simulating the extracellular matrix and promoting cell development and tissue regeneration. With an emphasis on their design concepts, synthesis processes, and characterization procedures, this review paper offers a thorough overview of hydrogels. It covers the various hydrogel material types, such as natural polymers, synthetic polymers, and hybrid hydrogels, as well as their unique characteristics and uses. The improvements in hydrogel-based platforms for controlled drug delivery are examined. It also looks at recent advances in bioprinting methods that use hydrogels to create intricate tissue constructions with exquisite spatial control. The performance of hydrogels is explored through several variables, including mechanical properties, degradation behaviour, and biological interactions, with a focus on the significance of customizing hydrogel qualities for particular applications. This review paper also offers insights into future directions in hydrogel research, including those that promise to advance the discipline, such as stimuli-responsive hydrogels, self-healing hydrogels, and bioactive hydrogels. Generally, the objective of this review paper is to provide readers with a detailed grasp of hydrogels and all of their potential uses, making it an invaluable tool for scientists and researchers studying biomaterials and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huma Hameed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Saleha Faheem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hafiz Shoaib Sarwar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamshaid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu NY, Li J, Wang ML, Chen XY, Tang R, Liu XQ. Fabrication of a Coculture Organoid Model in the Biomimetic Matrix of Alginate to Investigate Breast Cancer Progression in a TAMs-Leading Immune Microenvironment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11275-11288. [PMID: 38383056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The current research models of breast cancer are usually limited in their capacity to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment in vitro. The lack of an extracellular matrix (ECM) oversimplifies cell-cell or cell-ECM cross-talks. Moreover, the lack of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), that can comprise up to 50% of some solid neoplasms, poses a major problem for recognizing various hallmarks of cancer. To address these concerns, a type of direct breast cancer cells (BCCs)-TAMs coculture organoid model was well developed by a sequential culture method in this study. Alginate cryogels were fabricated with appropriate physical and mechanical properties to serve as an alternative ECM. Then, our previous experience was leveraged to polarize TAMs inside of the cryogels for creating an in vitro immune microenvironment. The direct coculture significantly enhanced BCCs organoid growth and cancer aggressive phenotypes, including the stemness, migration, ECM remodeling, and cytokine secretion. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis and protein-protein interaction networks implied certain pathways (PI3K-Akt pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, etc.) and targets (TNF, PPARG, TLR2, etc.) during breast cancer progression in a TAM-leading immune microenvironment. Future studies to advance treatment strategies for BCC patients may benefit from using this facile model to reveal and target the interactions between cancer signaling and the immune microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Yuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Ruizhi Tang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Qiu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chowdhury SR, Mondal G, Ratnayake P, Basu B. Three-Dimensional Extrusion Printed Urinary Specific Grafts: Mechanistic Insights into Buildability and Biophysical Properties. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1040-1061. [PMID: 38294204 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The compositional formulations and the optimization of process parameters to fabricate hydrogel scaffolds with urological tissue-mimicking biophysical properties are not yet extensively explored, including a comprehensive assessment of a spectrum of properties, such as mechanical strength, viscoelasticity, antimicrobial property, and cytocompatibility. While addressing this aspect, the present work provides mechanistic insights into process science, to produce shape-fidelity compliant alginate-based biomaterial ink blended with gelatin and synthetic nanocellulose. The composition-dependent pseudoplasticity, viscoelasticity, thixotropy, and gel stability over a longer duration in physiological context have been rationalized in terms of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions among the biomaterial ink constituents. By varying the hybrid hydrogel ink composition within a narrow compositional window, the resulting hydrogel closely mimics the natural urological tissue-like properties, including tensile stretchability, compressive strength, and biophysical properties. Based on the printability assessment using a critical analysis of gel strength, we have established the buildability of the acellular hydrogel ink and have been successful in fabricating shape-fidelity compliant urological patches or hollow cylindrical grafts using 3D extrusion printing. Importantly, the new hydrogel formulations with good hydrophilicity, support fibroblast cell proliferation and inhibit the growth of Gram-negative E. coli bacteria. These attributes were rationalized in terms of nanocellulose-induced physicochemical changes on the scaffold surface. Taken together, the present study uncovers the process-science-based understanding of the 3D extrudability of the newly formulated alginate-gelatin-nanocellulose-based hydrogels with urological tissue-specific biophysical, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulob Roy Chowdhury
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Garga Mondal
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Praneeth Ratnayake
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Bikramjit Basu
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Patel DK, Jung E, Priya S, Won SY, Han SS. Recent advances in biopolymer-based hydrogels and their potential biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121408. [PMID: 37940291 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of polymer chains containing large amounts of water in their structure. Hydrogels have received significant attention in biomedical applications owing to their attractive physicochemical properties, including flexibility, softness, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Different natural and synthetic polymers have been intensely explored in developing hydrogels for the desired applications. Biopolymers-based hydrogels have advantages over synthetic polymers regarding improved cellular activity and weak immune response. These properties can be further improved by grafting with other polymers or adding nanomaterials, and they structurally mimic the living tissue environments, which opens their broad applicability. The hydrogels can be physically or chemically cross-linked depending on the structure. The use of different biopolymers-based hydrogels in biomedical applications has been reviewed and discussed earlier. However, no report is still available to comprehensively introduce the synthesis, advantages, disadvantages, and biomedical applications of biopolymers-based hydrogels from the material point of view. Herein, we systematically overview different synthesis methods of hydrogels and provide a holistic approach to biopolymers-based hydrogels for biomedical applications, especially in bone regeneration, wound healing, drug delivery, bioimaging, and therapy. The current challenges and prospects of biopolymers-based hydrogels are highlighted rationally, giving an insight into the progress of these hydrogels and their practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Patel
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseo Jung
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sahariya Priya
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saravanou SF, Tsitsilianis C, Pasparakis G. Harnessing the Interplay of Triple Cross-Linked Hydrogels toward Multiresponsive Alginate-Based Injectable Gels for 3D Printing Bioapplications. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1614-1622. [PMID: 37956439 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We report on a single chain polymer gelator comprising an alginate backbone double grafted with thermoresponsive P(NIPAM86-co-NtBAM14)-NH2 polymer grafts and 3-aminophenylboronic acid moieties. The resulting polymer forms robust polymer networks resulting from three cooperative cross-linking mechanisms: (i) the hydrophobic association of the T-responsive polymer grafts above 24 °C, (ii) the formation of boronate esters between the boronic acid and the diols of the alginate backbone at physiological pH, and (iii) the ionic interactions of the residual carboxylate moieties with Ca2+ ions. The resulting material showed excellent tunability of the mechanical properties driven by stimuli combinations such as temperature, pH, or the addition of glucose as a network disruptor covering a storage modulus range from ∼260 Pa up to ∼1390 Pa by selective stimuli combinations. Also, the material was found to be nontoxic and could form arbitrary structures via 3D printing that can undergo multi-stimuli-responsive erosion profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George Pasparakis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gialouri A, Saravanou SF, Loukelis K, Chatzinikolaidou M, Pasparakis G, Bouropoulos N. Thermoresponsive Alginate-Graft-pNIPAM/Methyl Cellulose 3D-Printed Scaffolds Promote Osteogenesis In Vitro. Gels 2023; 9:984. [PMID: 38131970 PMCID: PMC10743144 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a sodium alginate-based copolymer grafted by thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains was used as gelator (Alg-g-PNIPAM) in combination with methylcellulose (MC). It was found that the mechanical properties of the resulting gel could be enhanced by the addition of MC and calcium ions (Ca2+). The proposed network is formed via a dual crosslinking mechanism including ionic interactions among Ca2+ and carboxyl groups and secondary hydrophobic associations of PNIPAM chains. MC was found to further reinforce the dynamic moduli of the resulting gels (i.e., a storage modulus of ca. 1500 Pa at physiological body and post-printing temperature), rendering them suitable for 3D printing in biomedical applications. The polymer networks were stable and retained their printed fidelity with minimum erosion as low as 6% for up to seven days. Furthermore, adhered pre-osteoblastic cells on Alg-g-PNIPAM/MC printed scaffolds presented 80% viability compared to tissue culture polystyrene control, and more importantly, they promoted the osteogenic potential, as indicated by the increased alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium, and collagen production relative to the Alg-g-PNIPAM control scaffolds. Specifically, ALP activity and collagen secreted by cells were significantly enhanced in Alg-g-PNIPAM/MC scaffolds compared to the Alg-g-PNIPAM counterparts, demonstrating their potential in bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Gialouri
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | | | - Konstantinos Loukelis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Pasparakis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Bouropoulos
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, 26504 Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Antezana PE, Municoy S, Ostapchuk G, Catalano PN, Hardy JG, Evelson PA, Orive G, Desimone MF. 4D Printing: The Development of Responsive Materials Using 3D-Printing Technology. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2743. [PMID: 38140084 PMCID: PMC10747900 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing, widely known as 3D printing, has revolutionized the production of biomaterials. While conventional 3D-printed structures are perceived as static, 4D printing introduces the ability to fabricate materials capable of self-transforming their configuration or function over time in response to external stimuli such as temperature, light, or electric field. This transformative technology has garnered significant attention in the field of biomedical engineering due to its potential to address limitations associated with traditional therapies. Here, we delve into an in-depth review of 4D-printing systems, exploring their diverse biomedical applications and meticulously evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. We emphasize the novelty of this review paper by highlighting the latest advancements and emerging trends in 4D-printing technology, particularly in the context of biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Edmundo Antezana
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (P.E.A.); (S.M.)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina;
| | - Sofia Municoy
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (P.E.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Gabriel Ostapchuk
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Nodo Constituyentes, Av. Gral. Paz 1499 (B1650KNA), San Martín, Buenos Aires 8400, Argentina; (G.O.); (P.N.C.)
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Gerencia de Desarrollo Tecnológico y Proyectos Especiales, Gerencia de Área de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499 (B1650KNA), San Martín, Buenos Aires 8400, Argentina
| | - Paolo Nicolás Catalano
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Nodo Constituyentes, Av. Gral. Paz 1499 (B1650KNA), San Martín, Buenos Aires 8400, Argentina; (G.O.); (P.N.C.)
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Gerencia de Desarrollo Tecnológico y Proyectos Especiales, Gerencia de Área de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499 (B1650KNA), San Martín, Buenos Aires 8400, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química Analítica Instrumental, Junín 954, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - John G. Hardy
- Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK;
- Department of Chemistry, Faraday Building, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Pablo Andrés Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina;
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology—UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Martin Federico Desimone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (P.E.A.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Zhang D, Luan H, Wang Z, Zhang P, Xi G, Ji X. Multifunctional, Self-Adhesive MXene-Based Hydrogel Flexible Strain Sensors for Hand-Written Digit Recognition with Assistance of Deep Learning. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:16199-16207. [PMID: 37906584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The conductive hydrogel as a flexible sensor not only has certain mechanical flexibility but also can be used in the field of human health detection and human-computer interaction. Herein, by introduction of tannic acid (TA) with MXene into the polyacrylamide (PAM)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) double-network hydrogel, a hydrogel with high stretchability, self-adhesion, and high sensitivity was prepared. CMC and PAM form a semi-interpenetrating double-network of high toughness and durability through electrostatic interactions and multiple hydrogen bonding networks. The abundant hydrophilic functional groups on TA and MXene form multiple hydrogen bonds simultaneously with the polymer network, ensuring high stretchability and sensitivity of the hydrogel. The hydrogel can display an accurate response to a variety of stimulus signals and can monitor both human joint movements and small physiological signal changes. It can also be combined with deep learning algorithms to classify handwritten digits with an accuracy rate of 98%. This work can promote the application of hydrogel sensors with durability and high sensitivity. The combination of algorithms and flexible sensors provides important ideas for the further development of flexible devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Huixin Luan
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zihu Wang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Guangshuai Xi
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xinyi Ji
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jia Z, Zeng H, Ye X, Dai M, Tang C, Liu L. Hydrogel-based treatments for spinal cord injuries. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19933. [PMID: 37809859 PMCID: PMC10559361 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by damage resulting in dysfunction of the spinal cord. Hydrogels are common biomaterials that play an important role in the treatment of SCI. Hydrogels are biocompatible, and some have electrical conductivity that are compatible with spinal cord tissues. Hydrogels have a high drug-carrying capacity, allowing them to be used for SCI treatment through the loading of various types of active substances, drugs, or cells. We first discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the human spinal cord and briefly discuss SCI and its treatment. Then, we describe different treatment strategies for SCI. We further discuss the crosslinking methods and classification of hydrogels and detail hydrogel biomaterials prepared using different processing methods for the treatment of SCI. Finally, we analyze the future applications and limitations of hydrogels for SCI. The development of biomaterials opens up new possibilities and options for the treatment of SCI. Thus, our findings will inspire scholars in related fields and promote the development of hydrogel therapy for SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Jia
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Huanxuan Zeng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Xiuzhi Ye
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Chengxuan Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Liangle Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kargaki ME, Arfara F, Iatrou H, Tsitsilianis C. pH-Sensitive Poly(acrylic acid)-g-poly(L-lysine) Charge-Driven Self-Assembling Hydrogels with 3D-Printability and Self-Healing Properties. Gels 2023; 9:512. [PMID: 37504391 PMCID: PMC10379232 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the rheological behavior of aqueous solutions of a graft copolymer polyampholyte, constituted of polyacrylic acid (PAA) backbone grafted by Poly(L-lysine) (PAA-b-PLL). The graft copolymer self-assembles in aqueous media, forming a three-dimensional (3D) network through polyelectrolyte complexation of the oppositely charged PAA and PLL segments. Rheological investigations showed that the hydrogel exhibits interesting properties, namely, relatively low critical gel concentration, elastic response with slow dynamics, remarkable extended critical strain to flow, shear responsiveness, injectability, 3D printability and self-healing. Due to the weak nature of the involved polyelectrolyte segments, the hydrogel properties display pH-dependency, and they are affected by the presence of salt. Especially upon varying pH, the PLL secondary structure changes from random coil to α-helix, affecting the crosslinking structural mode and, in turn, the overall network structure as reflected in the rheological properties. Thanks to the biocompatibility of the copolymer constituents and the biodegradability of PLL, the designed gelator seems to exhibit potential for bioapplications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Eleni Kargaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Foteini Arfara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Hermis Iatrou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|