1
|
Sun L, Xu C, Tong S, Gu X. Enhancing cellulose hydrolysis via cellulase immobilization on zeolitic imidazolate frameworks using physical adsorption. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:1071-1080. [PMID: 38811469 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the immobilization of cellulase on zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) by physical adsorption, specifically the ZIF-8-NH2 and Fe3O4@ZIF-8-NH2, to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. The immobilization process was thoroughly analyzed, including optimization of conditions and characterization of ZIF carriers and immobilized enzymes. The impacts on the catalytic activity of cellulase under various temperatures, pH levels, and storage conditions were examined. Additionally, the reusability of the immobilized enzyme was assessed. Results showed the cellulase immobilized on Fe3O4@ZIF-8-NH2 exhibited a high loading capacity of 339.64 mg/g, surpassing previous studies. Its relative enzymatic activity was found to be 71.39%. Additionally, this immobilized enzyme system demonstrates robust reusability, retaining 68.42% of its initial activity even after 10 cycles. These findings underscore the potential of Fe3O4@ZIF-8-NH2 as a highly efficient platform for cellulase immobilization, with promising implications for lignocellulosic biorefinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaozhong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shanshan Tong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Punia P, Singh L. Evaluation of free and immobilized cellulase on chitosan-modified magnetic nanoparticles for saccharification of sorghum residue. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:737-751. [PMID: 38607415 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis plays a pivotal role in transforming lignocellulosic biomass. Addressing alternate techniques to optimize the utilization of cellulolytic enzymes is one strategy to improve its efficiency and lower process costs. Cellulases are highly specific and environmentally benign biocatalysts that break down intricate polysaccharides into simple forms of sugars. In contrast to the most difficult and time-consuming enzyme immobilization processes, in this research, we studied simple, mild, and successful techniques for immobilization of pure cellulase on magnetic nanocomposites using glutaraldehyde as a linker and used in the application of sorghum residue biomass. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with chitosan from the co-precipitation method, which served as an enzyme carrier. The nanoparticles were observed under XRD, Zeta Potential, FESEM, VSM, and FTIR. The size morphology results presented that the Cs@Fe3O4 have 42.2 nm, while bare nanoparticles (Fe3O4) have 31.2 nm in size. The pure cellulase reaches to 98.07% of loading efficiency and 71.67% of recovery activity at optimal conditions. Moreover, immobilized enzyme's pH stability, thermostability, and temperature tolerance were investigated at suitable conditions. The kinetic parameters of free and immobilized enzyme were estimated as Vmax; 29 ± 1.51 and 27.03 ± 2.02 µmol min-1 mg-1, Km; 4.7 ± 0.49 mM and 2.569 ± 0.522 mM and Kcat; 0.13 s-1, and 0.89 s-1. Sorghum residue was subjected to 2% NaOH pre-treatment at 50 ℃. Pre-treated biomass contains cellulose of 64.8%, used as a raw material to evaluate the efficiency of reducing sugar during hydrolysis and saccharification of free and immobilized cellulase, which found maximum concentration of glucose 5.42 g/L and 5.12 g/L on 72 h. Thus, our study verifies the use of immobilized pure cellulase to successfully hydrolyze raw material, which is a significant advancement in lignocellulosic biorefineries and the reusability of enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Punia
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Lakhvinder Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu X, Li J, Sun Y, Xie Y, Su Y, Tang S, Bian S, Liu L, Huo F, Huang Q, Chen G. Co-immobilized multi-enzyme biocatalytic system on reversible and soluble carrier for saccharification of corn straw cellulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130325. [PMID: 38228219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Herein, three enzymes (cellulase, β-glucosidase, and pectinase) with synergistic effects were co-immobilized on the Eudragit L-100, and the recovery of co-immobilized enzymes from solid substrates were achieved through the reversible and soluble property of the carrier. The optimization of enzyme ratio overcomed the problem of inappropriate enzyme activity ratio caused by different immobilization efficiencies among enzymes during the preparation process of co-immobilized enzymes. The co-immobilized enzymes were utilized to catalytically hydrolyze cellulose from corn straw into glucose, achieving a cellulose conversion rate of 74.45% under conditions optimized for their enzymatic characteristics and hydrolytic reaction conditions. As a result of the reversibility and solubility of the carrier, the co-immobilized enzymes were recovered from the solid substrate after five cycles, retaining 54.67% of the enzyme activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of co-immobilizing multiple enzymes onto the Eudragit L-100 carrier for the synergistic degradation of straw cellulose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jianzhen Li
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yubing Xie
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yingjie Su
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shanshan Tang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Sijia Bian
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liying Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Fei Huo
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qing Huang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, The Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma X, Li S, Tong X, Liu K. An overview on the current status and future prospects in Aspergillus cellulase production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 244:117866. [PMID: 38061590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cellulase is a new research point besides glucoamylase, amylase, and protease in the enzyme industry. Cellulase can decompose lignocellulosic biomass into small-molecule sugars, which facilitates microbial utilization; thus, it has a vast market potential in the field of feed, food, energy, and chemistry. The Aspergillus was the first strain used in cellulase preparation because of its safety and non-toxicity, strong growth ability, and high enzyme yield. This review provides the latest research and advances on preparing cellulase from Aspergillus. The metabolic mechanisms of cellulase secretion by Aspergillus, the selection of fermentation substrates, the comparison of the fermentation modes, and the effect of fermentation conditions have been discussed in this review. Also, the subsequent separation and purification techniques of Aspergillus cellulase, including salting out, organic solvent precipitation, ultrafiltration, and chromatography, have been declared. Further, bottlenecks in Aspergillus cellulase preparation and corresponding feasible approaches, such as genetic engineering, mixed culture, and cellulase immobilization, have also been proposed in this review. This paper provides theoretical support for the efficient production and application of Aspergillus cellulase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ma
- China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shengpin Li
- China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoxia Tong
- China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kun Liu
- China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|