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Park J, An G, Lee H, Park S, Ham J, Bazer FW, Song G, Lim W. Beta-cyfluthrin impairs implantation process by inducing mitochondrial defects and changes in reactive oxygen species-mediated signaling pathways in porcine trophectoderm and uterine luminal epithelial cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173097. [PMID: 38729356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Pyrethroid insecticides, such as beta-cyfluthrin, are used extensively globally, including in households and agriculture, and have been detected in the milk and urine of humans and cattle. Beta-cyfluthrin exhibits toxic effects, including neurotoxicity and male reproductive toxicity; however, few studies have investigated female reproductive toxicity despite its wide environmental distribution. The present study investigates effects of beta-cyfluthrin on implantation in porcine cells (pTr from the trophectoderm and pLE from the endometrial luminal epithelium). To identify the various physiological changes induced by beta-cyfluthrin, such as apoptosis and lipid peroxidation, flow cytometry analysis and immunofluorescence were performed with various reagents. In addition, the expression of genes and proteins associated with intracellular changes was confirmed using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Beta-cyfluthrin induced cell-cycle arrest and altered intracellular calcium flux. It also disrupted the mitochondrial function and promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to lipid peroxidation. Moreover, ROS induced by beta-cyfluthrin altered mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and decreased cell migration capability. The expression levels of genes that are significant during early pregnancy were altered by beta-cyfluthrin in both cell lines. The changes resulted in apoptosis and diminished cell proliferation of pTr and pLE. Collectively, the results imply that beta-cyfluthrin disrupts the implantation process by affecting the physiology of the trophectoderm and endometrial luminal epithelial cells. The present study is the first to reveal the cellular mechanisms of beta-cyfluthrin on the female reproductive system and highlights the need for further in-depth research into its hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Sánchez-Yépez J, Acevedo-Huergo T, Mendoza-Trejo MS, Corona R, Hernández-Plata I, Viñuela-Berni V, Giordano M, Rodríguez VM. Early and transitory hypoactivity and olfactory alterations after chronic atrazine exposure in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Neurotoxicology 2024; 101:68-81. [PMID: 38340903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that chronic exposure to the herbicide atrazine (ATR) causes alterations in locomotor activity and markers of the dopaminergic systems of male rats. However, few studies have evaluated the sex-dependent effects of atrazine exposure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether chronic ATR exposure causes alterations in behavioral performance and dopaminergic systems of female rats. At weaning, two groups of rats were exposed to 1 or 10 mg ATR/kg body weight daily thorough the food, while the control group received food without ATR for 14 months. Spontaneous locomotor activity was evaluated monthly for 12 months, while anxiety, egocentric and spatial memory, motor coordination, and olfactory function tasks were evaluated between 13 and 14 months of ATR exposure. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and monoamine content in brain tissue were assessed at the end of ATR treatment. Female rats treated with 1 or 10 mg ATR showed vertical hypoactivity compared to the control group only in the first month of ATR exposure. Impairments in olfactory functions were found due to ATR exposure. Nevertheless, no alterations in anxiety, spatial and egocentric memory, or motor coordination tasks were observed, while the levels of TH and dopamine and its metabolites in brain tissue were similar among groups. These results suggest that female rats could present greater sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of ATR on spontaneous locomotor activity in the early stages of development. However, they are unaffected by chronic ATR exposure later in life compared to male rats. More studies are necessary to unravel the sex-related differences observed after chronic ATR exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Sánchez-Yépez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Triana Acevedo-Huergo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Maria Soledad Mendoza-Trejo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Corona
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Isela Hernández-Plata
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Verónica Viñuela-Berni
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Magda Giordano
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Verónica M Rodríguez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Xie Y, Zhao J, Li X, Sun J, Yang H. Effects of Cyfluthrin Exposure on Neurobehaviour, Hippocampal Tissue and Synaptic Plasticity in Wistar Rats. TOXICS 2023; 11:999. [PMID: 38133400 PMCID: PMC10748044 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Cyfluthrin (Cy) exposure on neurobehaviour, hippocampal tissue and synaptic plasticity in Wistar rats. First, it was found that high-dose Cy exposure could cause nerve injury, resulting in symptoms such as deficits in learning and memory ability, spatial exploration and autonomic motor function. Moreover, it was found that medium- and high-dose Cy exposure could cause an abnormal release of the neurotransmitter Glu. Second, brain tissue pathology showed that the middle and high doses of Cy caused tissue deformation, reduced the number of hippocampal puramidal cells, caused a disorder of these cells, decreased the number of Nissl bodies, and caused pyknosis of the hippocampal cell nuclear membrane and serious damage to organelles, indicating that exposure to these doses of Cy may cause hippocampal tissue damage in rats. Third, as the exposure dose increased, morphological changes in hippocampal synapses, including blurred synaptic spaces, a decreased number of synaptic vesicles and a decreased number of synapses, became more obvious. Moreover, the expression levels of the key synaptic proteins PSD-95 and SYP also decreased in a dose-dependent manner, indicating obvious synaptic damage. Finally, the study found that medium and high doses of Cy could upregulate the expression of A2AR in the hippocampus and that the expression levels of inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related proteins increased in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression of A2AR mRNA was correlated with neurobehavioural indicators and the levels of inflammatory factors, synaptic plasticity-related factors and apoptosis-related factors, suggesting that Cy may cause nerve damage in rats and that this effect is closely related to A2AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Xie
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.X.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.X.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.X.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.X.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Huifang Yang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.X.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, China
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Mekircha F, Fedeli D, Nasuti C, Kecies H, Gabbianelli R, Bordoni L. Early-Life Exposure to Commercial Formulation Containing Deltamethrin and Cypermethrin Insecticides Impacts Redox System and Induces Unexpected Regional Effects in Rat Offspring Brain. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051047. [PMID: 37237913 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the oxidative impact of pesticides is most prevalent in rural environments where they are intensively used. At different levels, pyrethroids are reported to promote neurodegeneration; they share the ability to promote oxidative stress, and to induce mitochondrial impairments, α-synuclein overexpression and neuronal cell loss. The present study evaluates the impact of early-life exposure to a commercial formulation containing deltamethrin (DM) and cypermethrin (CYP) at a dose of 1/100 LD50 (1.28 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively). Rats aged 30 days old, treated from the 6th to the 21st day of life, were tested for brain antioxidant activity and α-synuclein levels. Four regions of the brain were analyzed: the striatum, cerebellum, cortex and hippocampus. Our data demonstrated a significant increase in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) antioxidant levels in the brain regions compared to the controls. Pups exhibited no significant changes in protein carbonyl levels and lipid peroxidation. Striatal α-synuclein expression was significantly reduced in the rats exposed to DM + CYP, while the treatment resulted in a non-significant increase in the other brain areas. These findings indicate unexpected effects of postnatal treatment with the commercial formulation containing DM and CYP on brain redox state and α-synuclein expression, suggesting an adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatiha Mekircha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Mohammed Seddik Ben Yahia, Jijel 18000, Algeria
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Donatella Fedeli
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Cinzia Nasuti
- Unit of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Hadjer Kecies
- Laboratory of Natural Science and Materials (LSNM), Institute of Science and Technology, Abdelhafid Boussouf, University Center Mila, Mila 43000, Algeria
| | - Rosita Gabbianelli
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
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Hutton SJ, Siddiqui S, Pedersen EI, Markgraf CY, Segarra A, Hladik ML, Connon RE, Brander SM. Comparative behavioral ecotoxicology of Inland Silverside larvae exposed to pyrethroids across a salinity gradient. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159398. [PMID: 36257430 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids, a class of commonly used insecticides, are frequently detected in aquatic environments, including estuaries. The influence that salinity has on organism physiology and the partitioning of hydrophobic chemicals, such as pyrethroids, has driven interest in how toxicity changes in saltwater compared to freshwater. Early life exposures in fish to pyrethroids cause toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations, which can alter behavior. Behavior is a highly sensitive endpoint that influences overall organism fitness and can be used to detect toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of aquatic pollutants. Inland Silversides (Menidia beryllina), a commonly used euryhaline model fish species, were exposed from 5 days post fertilization (~1-day pre-hatch) for 96 h to six pyrethroids: bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, esfenvalerate and permethrin. Exposures were conducted at three salinities relevant to brackish, estuarine habitat (0.5, 2, and 6 PSU) and across 3 concentrations, either 0.1, 1, 10, and/or 100 ng/L, plus a control. After exposure, Inland Silversides underwent a behavioral assay in which larval fish were subjected to a dark and light cycle stimuli to determine behavioral toxicity. Assessment of total distanced moved and thigmotaxis (wall hugging), used to measure hyper/hypoactivity and anxiety like behavior, respectively, demonstrate that even at the lowest concentration of 0.1 ng/L pyrethroids can induce behavioral changes at all salinities. We found that toxicity decreased as salinity increased for all pyrethroids except permethrin. Additionally, we found evidence to suggest that the relationship between log KOW and thigmotaxis is altered between the lower and highest salinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Hutton
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.
| | - Samreen Siddiqui
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, United States of America
| | - Emily I Pedersen
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, United States of America
| | - Christopher Y Markgraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America
| | - Amelie Segarra
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Michelle L Hladik
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, Sacramento, CA 95819, United States of America
| | - Richard E Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Susanne M Brander
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, United States of America
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Deepika D, Kumar S, Bravo N, Esplugas R, Capodiferro M, Sharma RP, Schuhmacher M, Grimalt JO, Blanco J, Kumar V. Chlorpyrifos, permethrin and cyfluthrin effect on cell survival, permeability, and tight junction in an in-vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier (BBB). Neurotoxicology 2022; 93:152-162. [PMID: 36167171 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a structural and functional interface between the plasma and the human brain. Predictive BBB in-vitro models like immortalized human capillary microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC/D3) can be used to explore the BBB disruption potential of daily exposed chemicals. The present study was focused on investigating the human BBB permeation potential of one organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF), and two pyrethroids, permethrin (PMT) and cyfluthrin (CFT). HCMEC/D3 cells were exposed to the chemical and the time-dependent pass across BBB along with permeation coefficient (Papp) was calculated. Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured for the cells to check the monolayer formation and later to check the reduction in integrity after chemical exposure. Real time PCR was conducted to investigate the effect of chemicals on the expression BBB´s tight and adherens junction proteins. Calculated Papp value for three chemicals was in the following order: CPF>CFT>PMT, where CPF showed the highest permeation coefficient. TEER calculation showed that the integrity decreased after CPF exposure which was in concordance with Papp value whereas for other chemicals, no change in TEER after exposure was observed. In addition, the transwell study showed a higher efflux ratio (ER) (>2) of CFT indicating that CFT could be a substrate for active transport. For CPF and PMT, ER was less than 2, so no active transport seems to be involved. The evaluation of the mRNA expression analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in Occludin (OCLN) gene expression for CPF, VE-Cadherin (CDH5) for PMT and Zonula Occludens (ZO1) expression for CFT. Our study showed that CPF has the highest potential for inducing cell death, higher permeation, and capability to induce BBB dysfunction than among the above-mentioned chemicals. Additionally, the results of the permeation study could be useful to build a human PBPK model using in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Saurav Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Natalia Bravo
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA) - Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roser Esplugas
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marco Capodiferro
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA) - Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Raju Prasad Sharma
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan O Grimalt
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA) - Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Blanco
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Vikas Kumar
- IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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Jebur AB, El-Sayed RA, El-Demerdash FM. Ocimum basilicum Essential Oil Modulates Hematotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Cell Cycle Arrest Induced by β-cyfluthrin in Rat Liver. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:784281. [PMID: 35126122 PMCID: PMC8814363 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.784281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are used in large quantities infrequently, resulting in environmental damage and health issues. The goal of the current study was to explore the ameliorating effect of Ocimum basilicum (Basil) leaves essential oil versus the harmful effects of β-cyfluthrin in rat liver. Male Wistar rats were classified at random into four groups; negative control (corn oil), basil leaves essential oil (BEO, 3 ml/kg), β-cyfluthrin (positive control) (β-Cyf; 15 mg/kg BW, 1/25 LD50), and BEO plus β-Cyf, respectively. The rats were given their doses orally every day for a month. Results revealed that BEO yielded 6.32 mg/g with 33 identified components, representing 97% of the total oil. BEO implicated a considerable level of total phenolic contents, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ABTS activity, and FRAP. The treatment of β-Cyf dramatically elevated lipid peroxidation (TBARS and H2O2) (LPO), protein oxidation (PC, AOPP, and HYP), and considerably reduced enzymatic (SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and GST) and non-enzymatic (GSH) antioxidants. After β-Cyf treatment, hematological parameters, body and liver weights, enzyme activity (AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH), as well as protein, albumin, globulin, and total bilirubin levels were all considerably affected. Furthermore, β-Cyf increased the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-6) as well as DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and decreased the number of cells in S and G2/M phase of liver cells. Moreover, rats given BEO then intoxicated with β-Cyf showed substantial changes in the majority of the parameters tested. Finally, BEO was shown to have high antioxidant efficacy in combating β-Cyf toxicity because of its high phenolic content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali B. Jebur
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Raghda A. El-Sayed
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fatma M. El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Fatma M. El-Demerdash, , , orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-9145
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8
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Wang Z, Liu R, Zhang L, Yu S, Nie Y, Deng Y, Liu R, Zhu W, Zhou Z, Diao J. Thermoregulation of Eremias argus alters temperature-dependent toxicity of beta-cyfluthrin: Ecotoxicological effects considering ectotherm behavior traits. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118461. [PMID: 34748886 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessments of the ecotoxicological effects insecticides impose on ectotherms have increasingly considered temperature. However, the changes toxicants induce in thermoregulatory behavioral traits may lead to a divergence of thermal selection and temperature-dependent changes of contaminant toxicity. This study demonstrated the interaction of behavioral thermoregulation and temperature-dependent toxicity of beta-cyfluthrin (BC) in the lizard Eremias argus. Based on the negative relationship between temperature and BC toxicity, seeking a warming environment was assumed to represent a self-rescue behavior (and vice versa). The results showed that BC-treated lizards (0-20 μg/g body weight (bw)) showed such self-rescue behavior, while lizards exposed to an extremely high BC dose (200 μg/g bw) sought a cooler environment. Biochemical assays showed that BC affected neurotransmitter systems, caused oxidative stress, and interfered with ion-transport in the central nervous system. Biomarkers of the cholinergic and glutamatergic system, ion-transport function, and oxidative stress were identified as potential biochemical variables related to thermoregulatory behavior. Apparently, seeking a warmer environment is a survival strategy with the aim to neutralize BC toxicity, while seeking a cooler environment aims to attenuate the harmful effects of metabolic and oxidative stress, and to decelerate internal BC diffusion. This phenomenon could be also explained by the concept of the "cooling trap", i.e., a behavior where cooler temperatures are sought. This impairs survival after exposure to BC at it has a negative temperature coefficient, derived from a dysfunction of the central nervous system regarding thermoregulation caused by the high dosage of neurotoxicant and resulting temperature maladaptation. Implications of the interaction between thermoregulatory behavior and temperature-dependent toxicity are presented, which may aid further temperature-dependent risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Beijing Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Center (Beijing Food Inspection Institute), Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Simin Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yufan Nie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China.
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9
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The effect of cyfluthrin on testis inhibin B in rats and the intervention of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Li JW, Fang B, Pang GF, Zhang M, Ren FZ. Age- and diet-specific effects of chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos on hormones, inflammation and gut microbiota in rats. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 159:68-79. [PMID: 31400786 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is a pesticide frequently detected in food and has been reported to disturb endocrine and gut health, which was regulated by gut microbiota and enteroendocrine cells. In this study, newly weaned (3 week) and adult (8 week) male rats fed a normal- or high- fat diet were chronically exposed to 0.3 mg chlorpyrifos/kg bodyweight/day. The effects of chlorpyrifos exposure on serum hormone levels, proinflammatory cytokines and gut microbiota were evaluated. Chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos significantly decreased the concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicule stimulating hormone and testosterone, which was found only in the normal-fat diet. The counteracted effect of high-fat diet was also found in gut hormones and proinflammatory cytokines. Significantly higher concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1, pancreatic polypeptide, peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), ghrelin, gastric inhibitory poly-peptide, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and TNF-α were found in rats exposed to chlorpyrifos beginning at newly weaned, whereas only the PYY, ghrelin and IL-6 concentrations increased significantly in rats exposed in adulthood. Furthermore, a decrease in epinephrine induced by chlorpyrifos exposure was found in rats exposed to chlorpyrifos beginning at newly weaned, regardless of their diet. Chlorpyrifos-induced disturbances in the microbiome community structure were more apparent in rats fed a high-fat diet and exposed beginning at newly weaned. The affected bacteria included short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, norank_f_Coriobacteriaceae, Faecalibaculum, Parasutterella and norank_f__Erysipelotrichaceae), testosterone-related genus (Turicibacter, Brevibacterium), pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus), and inflammation-related bacteria (unclassified_f__Ruminococcaceae, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009, Parasutterella, Oscillibacter), which regulated the endocrine system via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, as well as the immune response and gut barrier. Early exposure accelerated the endocrine-disturbing effect and immune responses of chlorpyrifos, although these effects can be eased or recovered by a high-fat diet. This study helped clarify the relationship between disrupted endocrine function and gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by food contaminants such as pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guo-Fang Pang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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11
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Rajawat NK, Soni I, Syed F, Verma R, John PJ, Mathur R. Effect of β-cyfluthrin (synthetic pyrethroid) on learning, muscular coordination and oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:358-367. [PMID: 31096887 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719840957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was planned to evaluate neurotoxic effects of β-cyfluthrin in female Swiss albino mice. Two doses of β-cyfluthrin, specifically, one-tenth of median lethal dose (LD50) and one-twentieth of LD50, were selected for the study. Open-field behaviour, exploratory behaviour and emotional status were affected, and animals showed anxiety-like behaviour after β-cyfluthrin administration. Spatial learning was decreased using the Hebb-Wiliams maze. Acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity significantly decreased in the treated animals. The administration of β-cyfluthrin caused increased lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and decreased superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity in brain tissue. In conclusion, β-cyfluthrin caused neurotoxicity as well as oxidative damage in the brain of Swiss albino mice at the tested dose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inderpal Soni
- 2 Environmental Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Farah Syed
- 2 Environmental Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Rajbala Verma
- 2 Environmental Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - P J John
- 2 Environmental Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Reena Mathur
- 2 Environmental Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
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12
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Gargouri B, Yousif NM, Attaai A, Bouchard M, Chtourou Y, Fiebich BL, Fetoui H. Pyrethroid bifenthrin induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal damage, associated with cognitive and memory impairment in murine hippocampus. Neurochem Int 2018; 120:121-133. [PMID: 30102949 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to synthetic pyrethroid (SPs) pesticides such as bifenthrin (BF) has been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and cognitive impairments, but the underlying neurobiological mechanism is poorly understood so far. The present study has been designed to evaluate changes in behavior and in biomarkers of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of rats subchronically treated with BF. Rats exposed daily to BF at doses of 0.6 and 2.1 mg/kg b. w. for 60 days exhibited spatial and cognitive impairments as well as memory dysfunction after 60 days. This repeated BF treatment also significantly increased mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1β), (IL-6), nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-kappaB pathway (NF-kappaB), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the hippocampus. It further resulted in a significant increase in protein levels of Nrf2, COX-2, microsomal prostaglandin synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and NF-kappaB. This was accompanied by oxidative/nitrosative stress in the hippocampus of treated rats, as shown by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PCO), and nitric oxide (NO), and reduced levels of enzymatic (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (reduced glutathione) antioxidants. The data are in line with those obtained in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs) isolated from mouse brain and exposed to BF for 72 h, showing neuronal death only at the high dose of 20 μM when compared to controls. These findings suggest that exposure to BF induces neuronal damage, alters redox state, and causes neuroinflammation in the hippocampus, which might lead to cognitive and memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Gargouri
- Neurochemistry and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health (17ES06), Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Nizar M Yousif
- Neurochemistry and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Abdelraheim Attaai
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstraße 17, 79104, Freiburg Germany; Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
| | - Michèle Bouchard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Chair in Toxicological Risk Assessment and Management, University of Montreal, Roger-Gaudry Building, U424, P.O. Box 6128, Main Station, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Yassine Chtourou
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health (17ES06), Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Bernd L Fiebich
- Neurochemistry and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health (17ES06), Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
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13
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Xu Y, Gu X, Di G. Duration-dependent effect of exposure to static electric field on learning and memory ability in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:23864-23874. [PMID: 29881961 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of ultra-high-voltage direct-current (UHVDC) transmission, the strength of environmental static electric field (SEF) around UHVDC transmission lines increased substantially, which has aroused widely public attention on the potential health effects of SEF. In this study, the effect of SEF exposure on learning and memory ability was investigated. Institute of Cancer Research mice were exposed to 56.3 kV/m SEF for a short term (7 days) or long term (49 days). Behaviors in the Morris water maze (MWM) test, hippocampal neurotransmitter contents, and oxidative stress indicators were examined. Results showed that short-term SEF exposure significantly prolonged escape latency and decreased the number of platform-site crossovers, as well as decreased the time spent in the target quadrant in the MWM test. Meanwhile, serotonin level and the ratio of glutamate level to γ-aminobutyric acid level changed significantly. Besides, malondialdehyde content and glutathione peroxidase activity increased significantly, while superoxide dismutase activity decreased significantly. After long-term SEF exposure, all indices above showed no significant differences between the SEF and sham exposure groups. These data indicated that short-term exposure to 56.3 kV/m SEF could cause abnormal neurotransmitter levels and oxidative stress in the hippocampus, which led to the decline in learning and memory ability. Under the condition of long-term exposure, the SEF-induced disturbances in neurotransmitter contents and redox balance were offset by the compensatory responses of mice, and thus, the learning and memory ability returned to normal level. The temporary and reversible decline in learning and memory ability was only a common biological effect of SEF rather than a health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Xu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Di
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Gargouri B, Bhatia HS, Bouchard M, Fiebich BL, Fetoui H. Inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms potentiate bifenthrin-induced neurological alterations and anxiety-like behavior in adult rats. Toxicol Lett 2018; 294:73-86. [PMID: 29775722 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bifenthrin (BF) is a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide widely used in several countries to manage insect pests on diverse agricultural crops. Growing evidence indicates that BF exposure is associated with an increased risk of developing neurodegenerative disorders. However, the mechanisms by which BF induces neurological and anxiety alterations in the frontal cortex and striatum are not well known. The present in vivo study was carried out to determine whether reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation are involved in such alterations. Thirty-six Wistar rats were thus randomly divided into three groups and were orally administered with BF (0.6 and 2.1 mg/kg body weight, respectively) or the vehicle (corn oil), on a daily basis for 60 days. Results revealed that BF exposure in rats enhanced anxiety-like behavior after 60 days of treatment, as assessed with the elevated plus-maze test by decreases in the percentage of time spent in open arms and frequency of entries into these arms. BF-treated rats also exhibited increased oxidation of lipids and carbonylated proteins in the frontal cortex and striatum, and decreased glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Treatment with BF also increased protein synthesis and mRNA expression of the inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and nuclear factor-kappaBp65 (NF-kBp65), as well as the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and ROS. Moreover, BF exposure significantly decreased protein synthesis and mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf2) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as well as gene expression of muscarinic-cholinergic receptors (mAchR) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the frontal cortex and striatum. These data suggest that BF induced neurological alterations in the frontal cortex and striatum of rats, and that this may be associated with neuroinflammation and oxidative stress via the activation of Nrf2/NF-kBp65 pathways, which might promote anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Gargouri
- Neurochemistry and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health, UR11ES70, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Harsharan S Bhatia
- Neurochemistry and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.
| | - Michèle Bouchard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Chair in Toxicological Risk Assessment and Management, University of Montreal, Roger-Gaudry Building, U424, P.O. Box 6128, Main Station, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Bernd L Fiebich
- Neurochemistry and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health, UR11ES70, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
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15
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Calderón-Segura ME, Gómez-Arroyo S, Cortés-Eslava J, Martínez-Valenzuela C, Mojica-Vázquez LH, Sosa-López M, Flores-Ramírez D, Romero-Velázquez ZE. In vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Furia®180 SC (zeta-cypermethrin) and Bulldock 125®SC (β-cyfluthrin) pyrethroid insecticides in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:268-278. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1402977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Calderón-Segura
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Josefina Cortés-Eslava
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Humberto Mojica-Vázquez
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Magdiel Sosa-López
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Diana Flores-Ramírez
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Zaira Edtih Romero-Velázquez
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
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16
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Syed F, Awasthi KK, Chandravanshi LP, Verma R, Rajawat NK, Khanna VK, John PJ, Soni I. Bifenthrin-induced neurotoxicity in rats: involvement of oxidative stress. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 7:48-58. [PMID: 30090562 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00205j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive use of synthetic pyrethroids has resulted in serious human health issues. Induction of oxidative stress is an important mechanism of action of most pesticides including pyrethroids. In the present study, we have elucidated the possible role of oxidative stress in bifenthrin-induced neurotoxicity. Adult male Wistar rats were administered bifenthrin (3.5 and 7 mg per kg body weight p.o.) for 30 days. Behavioral studies were conducted on a set of randomly selected rats from each treatment group after completion of treatment. Neurochemical parameters were assessed 24 h after the last dose was administered. The selected behavioral and neurochemical endpoints were also assessed 15 days after cessation of exposure to reveal whether the neurobehavioral changes produced by bifenthrin were temporary or permanent. Deficits in motor activity, motor incoordination, and cognitive impairment were observed after exposure to bifenthrin. Levels of biogenic amines viz. dopamine (DA) and its metabolites, i.e. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA), epinephrine (EPN), norepinephrine (NE), and serotonin (5-HT) altered in the frontal cortex, corpus striatum, and hippocampus of bifenthrin-treated rats. A decrease in the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) occurred in all regions of the brain. Both doses of bifenthrin significantly induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increased protein carbonyl levels in the frontal cortex, corpus striatum, and hippocampus of rats. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e. catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, were also suppressed in all selected regions of the brain. A trend of recovery was, however, observed in all the behavioral and neurochemical endpoints 15 days after withdrawal of exposure. Oxidative stress seems to play an important role in bifenthrin-induced neurotoxicity. Our study suggests that long-term exposure to these compounds can produce detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Syed
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory , Department of Zoology , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302004 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9413344957.,Department of Zoology , Kanoria PG Mahila Mahavidyalaya , Jaipur , 302004 , India
| | - Kumud K Awasthi
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory , Department of Zoology , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302004 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9413344957.,National Institute of Animal Welfare , Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change , Ballabhgarh-121004 , India
| | - Lalit P Chandravanshi
- CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research , Post Box 80 , MG Marg , Lucknow , 226001 , India.,Biochemistry Section , Department of Zoology , Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , 221005 , India
| | - Rajbala Verma
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory , Department of Zoology , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302004 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9413344957
| | - Neelu K Rajawat
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory , Department of Zoology , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302004 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9413344957
| | - Vinay K Khanna
- CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research , Post Box 80 , MG Marg , Lucknow , 226001 , India
| | - P J John
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory , Department of Zoology , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302004 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9413344957
| | - Inderpal Soni
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory , Department of Zoology , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302004 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9413344957
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17
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Dhuriya YK, Srivastava P, Shukla RK, Gupta R, Singh D, Parmar D, Pant AB, Khanna VK. Prenatal exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin alters brain dopaminergic signaling in developing rats. Toxicology 2017; 386:49-59. [PMID: 28495607 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study is focused to decipher the molecular mechanisms associated with dopaminergic alterations in corpus striatum of developing rats exposed prenatally to lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), a new generation type II synthetic pyrethroid. There was no significant change in the mRNA and protein expression of DA-D1 receptors at any of the doses of LCT (0.5, 1 and 3mg/kg body weight) in corpus striatum of developing rats exposed prenatally to LCT on PD22 and PD45. Prenatal exposure to LCT (1 and 3mg/kg body weight) resulted to decrease the levels of mRNA and protein of DA-D2 receptors in corpus stratum of developing rats on PD22 as compared to controls. Decrease in the binding of 3H-Spiperone in corpus striatum, known to label DA-D2 receptors was also distinct in developing rats on PD22. These rats also exhibited decrease in the expression of proteins - TH, DAT and VMAT2 involved in pre-dopaminergic signaling. Further, decrease in the expression of DARPP-32 and pCREB associated with increased expression of PP1α was evident in developing rats on PD22 as compared to controls. Interestingly, a trend of recovery in the expression of these proteins was observed in developing rats exposed to LCT at moderate dose (1.0mg/kg body weight) while alteration in the expression of these proteins continued to persist in those exposed at high dose (3.0mg/kg body weight) on PD45 as compared to respective controls. No significant change in the expression of any of these proteins was observed in corpus striatum of developing rats prenatally exposed to LCT at low dose (0.5mg/kg body weight) on PD22 and PD45 as compared to respective controls. The results provide interesting evidence that alterations in dopaminergic signaling on LCT exposure are due to selective changes in DA-D2 receptors in corpus striatum of developing rats. Further, these changes could be attributed to impairment in spontaneous motor activity on LCT exposure in developing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh K Dhuriya
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Lucknow Campus, India
| | - Pranay Srivastava
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra K Shukla
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Richa Gupta
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- Central Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devendra Parmar
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya B Pant
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinay K Khanna
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow - 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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