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Minias P, Pap PL, Vincze O, Vágási CI. Correlated evolution of oxidative physiology and MHC-based immunosurveillance in birds. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240686. [PMID: 38889785 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintenance and activation of the immune system incur costs, not only in terms of substrates and energy but also via collateral oxidative damage to host cells or tissues during immune response. So far, associations between immune function and oxidative damage have been primarily investigated at intra-specific scales. Here, we hypothesized that pathogen-driven selection should favour the evolution of effective immunosurveillance mechanisms (e.g. major histocompatibility complex, MHC) and antioxidant defences to mitigate oxidative damage resulting from immune function. Using phylogenetically informed comparative approaches, we provided evidence for the correlated evolution of host oxidative physiology and MHC-based immunosurveillance in birds. Species selected for more robust MHC-based immunosurveillance (higher gene copy numbers and allele diversity) showed stronger antioxidant defences, although selection for MHC diversity still showed a positive evolutionary association with oxidative damage to lipids. Our results indicate that historical pathogen-driven selection for highly duplicated and diverse MHC could have promoted the evolution of efficient antioxidant mechanisms, but these evolutionary solutions may be insufficient to keep oxidative stress at bounds. Although the precise nature of mechanistic links between the MHC and oxidative stress remains unclear, our study suggests that a general evolutionary investment in immune function may require co-adaptations at the level of host oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Minias
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Péter L Pap
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Orsolya Vincze
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Wetland Ecology Research Group, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Debrecen, Hungary
- ImmunoConcEpT, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France
| | - Csongor I Vágási
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Alaasam VJ, Hui C, Lomas J, Ferguson SM, Zhang Y, Yim WC, Ouyang JQ. What happens when the lights are left on? Transcriptomic and phenotypic habituation to light pollution. iScience 2024; 27:108864. [PMID: 38318353 PMCID: PMC10839644 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a ubiquitous pollutant worldwide. Exposure can induce immediate behavioral and physiological changes in animals, sometimes leading to severe health consequences. Nevertheless, many organisms persist in light-polluted environments and may have mechanisms of habituating, reducing responses to repeated exposure over time, but this has yet to be tested experimentally. Here, we tested whether zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) can habituate to dim (0.3 lux) ALAN, measuring behavior, physiology (oxidative stress and telomere attrition), and gene expression in a repeated measures design, over 6 months. We present evidence of tolerance to chronic exposure, persistent behavioral responses lasting 8 weeks post-exposure, and attenuation of responses to re-exposure. Oxidative stress decreased under chronic ALAN. Changes in the blood transcriptome revealed unique responses to past exposure and re-exposure. Results demonstrate organismal resilience to chronic stressors and shed light on the capacity of birds to persist in an increasingly light-polluted world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cassandra Hui
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89503, NV, USA
| | - Johnathan Lomas
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89503, NV, USA
| | | | - Yong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Won Cheol Yim
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89503, NV, USA
| | - Jenny Q. Ouyang
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89503, NV, USA
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3
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Costantini D, Schad J, Czirják GÁ, Voigt CC. Oxidative damage varies in response to bacterial, fungal and viral antigen challenges in bats. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb246332. [PMID: 37823235 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The immune system plays an important role in defending against pathogens and regulating physiological homeostasis, but the strength of the immune responses depends on the type of pathogen. The immune system of bats shows a high variability in responsiveness towards various pathogens; they can safely harbor certain pathogens that are highly lethal to other mammals. Oxidative stress may act as a pathophysiological cellular mechanism mediating the immunological function of bats because of its potentially detrimental effects on physiological homeostasis, fertility and longevity. By experimentally exposing greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis) to three antigens, it was previously shown that animals reacted immunologically most strongly to bacterial and viral antigens, but not to fungal ones. As a follow up, in this study we observed that both bacterial and fungal antigens induced a significant increase of plasma oxidative damage, whereas viral antigens did not cause any increase of plasma oxidative damage at all albeit the mild immune response. Thus, experimental bats were able to avoid oxidative stress only in the face of a viral antigen, possibly by dampening inflammatory signalling. Bats may be able to handle viral infections and live well beyond expectations by reducing the detrimental effects of molecular oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Costantini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Largo dell'Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Julia Schad
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gábor Á Czirják
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian C Voigt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
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Petitjean Q, Laffaille P, Perrault A, Cousseau M, Jean S, Jacquin L. Adaptive plastic responses to metal contamination in a multistress context: a field experiment in fish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:55678-55698. [PMID: 36894734 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26189-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wild populations often differ in their tolerance to environmental stressors, but intraspecific variability is rarely taken into account in ecotoxicology. In addition, plastic responses to multiple stressors have rarely been investigated in realistic field conditions. In this study, we compared the responses to metal contamination of gudgeon populations (Gobio occitaniae) differing in their past chronic exposure to metal contamination, using a reciprocal transplant experiment and an immune challenge mimicking a parasite attack to test for potential effects of multiple stressors across biological levels. We measured fish survival and traits involved in metal bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, immunity, cell apoptosis, and energy management to decipher underpinning physiological mechanisms across biological levels (i.e., gene expression, cell, organism). Fish from the two replicate High Contamination sites had higher survival when transferred into contaminated sites, suggesting a local adaptation to the contaminated site, possibly explained by higher levels of detoxification and antioxidant capacity but with potential higher apoptosis costs compared to their naïve counterparts. We found no evidence of co- or maladaptation to the immune stressor, suggesting no specific costs to face pathogens. In the emerging field of evolutionary ecotoxicology, this study underlines the need to consider intraspecific variability to better understand the effects of pollution in heterogeneous populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Petitjean
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 LEFE, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, INP-ENSAT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France.
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse, France.
- Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research Platform LTSER France, Zone Atelier PYGAR « Pyrénées-Garonne », Auzeville-Tolosane, France.
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR1355 INRAE, UMR7254 CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia-Antipolis, France.
| | - Pascal Laffaille
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 LEFE, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, INP-ENSAT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Annie Perrault
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 LEFE, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, INP-ENSAT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Myriam Cousseau
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 LEFE, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, INP-ENSAT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Séverine Jean
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 LEFE, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, INP-ENSAT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research Platform LTSER France, Zone Atelier PYGAR « Pyrénées-Garonne », Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse, France
- Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research Platform LTSER France, Zone Atelier PYGAR « Pyrénées-Garonne », Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Yu J, Yang H, Sun Q, Xu X, Yang Z, Wang Z. Effects of cottonseed meal on performance, gossypol residue, liver function, lipid metabolism, and cecal microbiota in geese. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad020. [PMID: 36634076 PMCID: PMC9912706 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 240 28-d-old male goslings were used to investigate the effects of cottonseed meal (CSM) on performance, gossypol residue, liver function, lipid metabolism, and cecal microbiota. All birds were randomly allotted into five groups (eight goslings/replicate, six replicates/group) and subjected to a 35-d experiment. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to produce diets in which 0% (control), 25% (CSM25), 50% (CSM50), 75% (CSM75), and 100% (CSM100) of protein from soybean meal was replaced by protein from CSM. The free gossypol contents in the five diets were 0, 44, 92, 135, and 183 mg/kg, respectively. Dietary CSM did not affect the growth performance from 29 to 63 d and carcass traits at 63 d (P > 0.05). Liver gossypol residues were influenced (P < 0.05) by dietary CSM and increased linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (P < 0.05) as dietary CSM increased. The malondialdehyde content of the liver was lower in the CSM100 group than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were influenced (P < 0.05) by dietary CSM and increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary CSM. Dietary CSM altered (P < 0.05) the composition of some fatty acids in the liver and breast muscle. The concentration of linolenic acid and Σn-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the liver and breast muscle decreased linearly, but the Σn-6/Σn-3 PUFA ratio increased linearly with increasing dietary CSM (P < 0.05). Dietary CSM affected (P < 0.05) the hepatic gene expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and apolipoprotein B (ApoB). As the dietary CSM concentration increased, the hepatic gene expression of FAS increased linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (P < 0.05), but the hepatic gene expression of ACC and ApoB increased linearly (P < 0.05). The CSM diet decreased the relative abundance of the Bacteroidota and Bacteroides (P < 0.05), and the CSM50 diet increased the relative abundance of the Firmicutes and Colidextribacter (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. Overall, these results show that dietary CSM has no adverse effects on the performance of goslings from 29 to 63 d. However, CSM affected organismal lipid metabolism, reduced products' edible value, and adaptively altered cecum microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Haiming Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qingyu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuean Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
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Bryla A, Zagkle E, Sadowska ET, Cichoń M, Bauchinger U. Measurements of body temperature and oxidative stress reveal differential costs associated with humoral immune function in a passerine bird. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:279339. [PMID: 36314237 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Eco-immunology considers resistance to antigens a costly trait for an organism, but actual quantification of such costs is not straightforward. Costs of the immune response are visible in impaired coloration and reduced growth or reproductive success. Activation of the humoral immune response is a slow, complex and long-lasting process, which makes the quantification of its energetic cost a potential losing game. We implemented near-continuous measurements of body temperature in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) as a proxy for the energetic cost, with a particular focus during activation of the humoral immune response until the peak of antibody release several days later. At the peak of the antibody release we additionally measured oxygen consumption (open-flow respirometry) and markers of oxidative stress (dROMs, OXY). Birds with an activated immune response maintained a higher night-time body temperature during the first 4 nights after an immune challenge in comparison to controls, implying increased night-time energy use. At peak antibody production, we did not find differences in night-time body temperature and oxygen consumption but observed differentiated results for oxygen consumption during the day. Immune-challenged females had significantly higher oxygen consumption compared with other groups. Moreover, we found that activation of the humoral immune response increases oxidative damage, a potential cost of maintaining the higher night-time body temperature that is crucial at the early stage of the immune response. The costs generated by the immune system appear to consist of two components - energetic and non-energetic - and these appear to be separated in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeusz Bryla
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Elisavet Zagkle
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta T Sadowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Cichoń
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ulf Bauchinger
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.,Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Yu J, Yang Z, Yang H, Wang Z. Effects of cottonseed meal on growth performance, liver redox status, and serum biochemical parameters in goslings at 1 to 28 days of age. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:347. [PMID: 36109808 PMCID: PMC9479387 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cottonseed meal (CSM), a relatively rich source of protein and amino acids, is used as an inexpensive alternative to soybean meal (SBM) in poultry diets. However, the toxicity of free gossypol in CSM has been a primary concern. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of CSM on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and liver redox status in goslings at 1 to 28 days of age. Three hundred 1-day-old male goslings were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 goslings/pen, 6 replicate pens/group) and subjected to a 28-day experiment. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated such that 0% (control), 25% (CSM25), 50% (CSM50), 75% (CSM75), and 100% (CSM100) of protein from SBM was replaced by protein from CSM. The free gossypol contents in the five diets were 0, 56, 109, 166, and 222 mg/kg, respectively. Results The results showed that dietary CSM was associated with linear decreases in body weight, average daily feed intake and average daily gain and linear increases in the feed-to-gain ratio from 1 to 28 days of age (P < 0.001). As the dietary CSM concentration increased, a numerical increase was found in the mortality of goslings. According to a single-slope broken-line model, the breakpoints for the average daily gain of dietary free gossypol concentration on days 1 to 14, 15 to 28, and 1 to 28 occurred at 23.63, 14.78, and 18.53 mg/kg, respectively. As the dietary CSM concentration increased, serum albumin (P < 0.001) concentrations decreased linearly and serum uric acid (P = 0.011) increased linearly. The hydroxyl radical scavenging ability (P = 0.002) and catalase (P < 0.001) and glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.001) activities of the liver decreased linearly with increasing dietary CSM. However, dietary CSM did not affect the concentrations of reactive oxygen metabolites, malondialdehyde, or protein carbonyl in the liver. Conclusions The increasing dietary CSM increased the concentration of free gossypol and altered the composition of some amino acids in the diet. A high concentration of CSM reduced the growth performance of goslings aged 1 to 28 days by decreasing feed intake, liver metabolism, and antioxidant capacity. From the primary concern of free gossypol in CSM, the tolerance of goslings to free gossypol from CSM is low, and the toxicity of free gossypol has a cumulative effect over time.
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8
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Costantini D. A meta-analysis of impacts of immune response and infection on oxidative status in vertebrates. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 10:coac018. [PMID: 35492421 PMCID: PMC9040321 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Inferring from patterns observed in biomedical research, ecoimmunological theory predicts that oxidative stress is a ubiquitous physiological cost that contributes to generating variation in immune function between individuals or species. This prediction is, however, often challenged by empirical studies testing the relationship between immune response or infection and oxidative status markers. This points out the importance of combining ecological immunology and oxidative stress ecology to further our understanding of the proximate causes and fitness consequences of individual variation in health, and adaptability to natural and anthropogenic environmental changes. I reviewed evidence and performed phylogenetic meta-analyses of changes in oxidative status markers owing to either injection of an antigen or infection in captive and free-living vertebrates (141 studies, 1262 effect sizes, 97 species). The dataset was dominated by studies on fish, birds and mammals, which provided 95.8% of effect sizes. Both antigen injection and parasite exposure were associated with changes of oxidative status. There were significant effects of taxonomic class and experimental environment (captivity vs. wild). In contrast with my predictions, age category (young vs. adult), study design (correlational vs. experimental) and proxies of pace of life (clutch size, litter size, and body mass; for birds and mammals only) were negligible in this dataset. Several methodological aspects (type of immunostimulant, laboratory assay, tissue analysed) showed significant effects on both strength and direction of effect. My results suggest that alterations of oxidative status are a widespread consequence of immune function across vertebrates. However, this work also identified heterogeneity in strength and direction of effect sizes, which suggests that immune function does not necessarily result in oxidative stress. Finally, this work identifies methodological caveats that might be relevant for the interpretation and comparability of results and for the application in conservation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Costantini
- Unité Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, UMR 7221, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CP32, 57 rue Cuvier 75005 Paris, France
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Covas R, Lardy S, Silva LR, Rey B, Ferreira AC, Theron F, Tognetti A, Faivre B, Doutrelant C. The oxidative cost of helping and its minimization in a cooperative breeder. Behav Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arab152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cooperative actions are beneficial to the group, but presumably costly to the individual co-operators. In cooperatively breeding species, helping to raise young is thought to involve important energetic costs, which could lead to elevated exposure to reactive oxygen species, resulting in oxidative stress. However, identifying such costs can be difficult if individuals adjust their investment in helping in relation to environmental conditions or their own physiological condition. Experimental approaches are therefore required to quantify the costs of helping but, to date, these have been infrequent. Here, we combined correlational and experimental data to investigate the oxidative cost of helping-at-the-nest and how this affects helping decisions in wild sociable weavers Philetairus socius, a colonial cooperatively breeding bird. At the correlational level, we found that the probability of helping was influenced by the interaction of an individual’s oxidative state and age: compared to younger birds, older individuals were more likely to help when they had higher oxidative damage, and the opposite trend was found for younger individuals. After experimentally increasing the energetic cost of flight, manipulated helpers in breeding colonies decreased nestling feeding rates and incurred an increase in oxidative damage, which was not present in manipulated helpers in non-breeding colonies. This indicates that individuals decreased their helping behavior to minimize the associated costs. These results suggest that oxidative stress can influence helping decisions and underlie a trade-off between cooperation and self-maintenance, which is central to understanding when helping might take place in this and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Covas
- CIBIO-InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Sophie Lardy
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Biogéosciences, CNRS UMR 6282, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Liliana R Silva
- CIBIO-InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Benjamin Rey
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR5558, F-69000 Villeurbanne, France
| | - André C Ferreira
- CIBIO-InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul-Valery Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Franck Theron
- CIBIO-InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul-Valery Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Tognetti
- Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, 1, esplanade de l’Université, 31080 Toulouse Cedex 06, France
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruno Faivre
- Biogéosciences, CNRS UMR 6282, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Claire Doutrelant
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul-Valery Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
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Costantino M, Conti V, Corbi G, Filippelli A. Hydropinotherapy with Sulphurous Mineral Water as Complementary Treatment to Improve Glucose Metabolism, Oxidative Status, and Quality of Life. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111773. [PMID: 34829645 PMCID: PMC8614851 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydropinotherapy is a salus per aquam (Spa) treatment suitable as a complementary approach to treat several diseases, which strongly affect the quality of life (QoL). Hydropinotherapy with sulphurous mineral water exerts benefits thanks to components, such as hydrogen sulphide, which is considered mainly responsible for antioxidant and hypoglycaemic effects. Such properties, linked from each other, could favour an improvement in patients’ QoL. However, data on humans are scarce. This study aimed to investigate whether a cycle of sulphurous hydropinotherapy was able to modify plasma levels of glucose and reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) and improve QoL in patients suffering from several chronic disorders. A prospective, observational study involved patients with gastrointestinal diseases who received a prescription of a cycle of sulphurous hydropinotherapy (S-HT). Age- and sex-matched control group was enrolled (No S-HT). Glycaemia and plasma concentration of ROMs were measured in all subjects. The impact of spa treatment on the QoL was assessed using the Short Form 36 Health Status Survey questionnaire (SF-36). All parameters were measured at baseline and at the end of a 2-week treatment. Between the groups, no differences were found in glycaemia and ROMs at baseline. In the S-HT group, a reduction in glycaemia and ROMs, both in respect to baseline (p = 0.005 and p = 0.031, respectively) and to control group, as shown by the delta value calculated, as the difference between the values at 2 weeks and baseline (p = 0.0009 and p = 0.0001, respectively). In the S-HT, delta ROMs was the best predictor of delta glycaemia with a direct linear correlation (beta = 0.559, 95% CI 0.471 to 0.647, p < 0.0001). In the S-HT, the SF-36 total score was improved both when compared with baseline (p = 0.002) and with No S-HT (p = 0.001). Sulphurous hydropinotherapy induces a decrease in glycaemia and ROM levels, also ameliorating the patients’ QoL. Therefore, it could be considered a useful complementary therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Costantino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.C.); (A.F.)
- Association Non-Profit F.I.R.S.Thermae (Interdisciplinary Training, Researches and Spa Sciences) in Italian National Register of Research of MIUR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08965041; Fax: +39-1786070323
| | - Valeria Conti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Amelia Filippelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.C.); (A.F.)
- Association Non-Profit F.I.R.S.Thermae (Interdisciplinary Training, Researches and Spa Sciences) in Italian National Register of Research of MIUR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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11
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Alaasam VJ, Keehn JE, Durso AM, French SS, Feldman CR. Ectoparasite Load Is Reduced in Side-Blotched Lizards ( Uta stansburiana) at Wind Farms: Implications for Oxidative Stress. Physiol Biochem Zool 2021; 94:35-49. [PMID: 33296296 DOI: 10.1086/712100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWind-generated power is one of the fastest growing alternative energy strategies worldwide and will likely account for 20% of US energy production by 2030. The installation and maintenance of wind farms are associated with increased human activity and can generate noise pollution, disturb and fragment habitat, and even alter community composition and structure. These environmental and ecological changes can increase physiological stress for vertebrates and affect important life-history attributes, such as immune function. However, little is known about how wind farms influence physiology and disease or parasite resistance in nonvolant wildlife. Here, we test the notion that renewable wind farms increase physiological stress and correlated aspects of disease resistance (parasite load) in a common desert vertebrate, the side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana). We captured lizards from three wind farms and three undisturbed reference sites in the San Gorgonio Pass wind resource area in the Mojave Desert, California. We quantified individual external parasite loads and measured plasma antioxidant capacity and concentrations of reactive oxygen metabolites as a combined metric of oxidative stress. Contrary to our expectations, individuals at wind farm sites had significantly fewer external parasites than at undeveloped sites. Additionally, we found a slight positive correlation between parasite load and oxidative stress for individuals at wind farm sites but not at reference sites. Our results demonstrate a complex, potentially context-dependent relationship between stress physiology and disease resistance for lizards in anthropogenically disturbed environments. Understanding how wind farms affect the physiology and ecoimmunology of terrestrial fauna is necessary to mitigate the ecological costs of alternative energy development.
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12
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Hudson SB, Virgin EE, Brodie ED, French SS. Recovery from discrete wound severities in side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana): implications for energy budget, locomotor performance, and oxidative stress. J Comp Physiol B 2021; 191:531-543. [PMID: 33582858 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Wounding events (predation attempts, competitive combat) result in injuries and/or infections that induce integrated immune responses for the recovery process. Despite the survival benefits of immunity in this context, the costs incurred may require investment to be diverted from traits contributing to immediate and/or future survival, such as locomotor performance and oxidative status. Yet, whether trait constraints manifest likely depends on wound severity and the implications for energy budget. For this study, food intake, body mass, sprint speed, and oxidative indices (reactive oxygen metabolites, antioxidant capacity) were monitored in male side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) healing from cutaneous wounds of discrete sizes (control, small, large). Results indicate that larger wounds induced faster healing, reduced food consumption, and led to greater oxidative stress over time. Granted wounding did not differentially affect body mass or sprint speed overall, small-wounded lizards with greater wound area healed had faster sprint speeds while large-wounded lizards with greater wound area healed had slower sprint speeds. During recovery from either wound severity, however, healing and sprint performance did not correspond with food consumption, body mass loss, nor oxidative status. These findings provide support that energy budget, locomotor performance, and oxidative status of a reptile are linked to wound recovery to an extent, albeit dependent on wound severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B Hudson
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA. .,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322‑5205, USA.
| | - Emily E Virgin
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322‑5205, USA
| | - Edmund D Brodie
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA
| | - Susannah S French
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322‑5205, USA
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13
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Petitjean Q, Jacquin L, Riem L, Pitout M, Perrault A, Cousseau M, Laffaille P, Jean S. Intraspecific variability of responses to combined metal contamination and immune challenge among wild fish populations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116042. [PMID: 33190983 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wild organisms are increasingly exposed to multiple anthropogenic and natural stressors that can interact in complex ways and lead to unexpected effects. In aquatic ecosystems, contamination by trace metals has deleterious effects on fish health and commonly co-occurs with pathogens, which affect similar physiological and behavioral traits. However, the combined effects of metal contamination and parasitism are still poorly known. In addition, the sensitivity to multiple stressors could be highly variable among different fish populations depending on their evolutionary history, but this intraspecific variability is rarely taken into account in existing ecotoxicological studies. Here, we investigated i) the interactive effects of metal contamination (i.e., realistic mixture of Cd, Cu and Zn) and immune challenge mimicking a parasite attack on fish health across biological levels. In addition, we compared ii) the physiological and behavioral responses among five populations of gudgeon fish (Gobio occitaniae) having evolved along a gradient of metal contamination. Results show that single stressors exposure resulted in an increase of immune defenses and oxidative stress at the expense of body mass (contamination) or fish swimming activity (immune challenge). Multiple stressors had fewer interactive effects than expected, especially on physiological traits, but mainly resulted in antagonistic effects on fish swimming activity. Indeed, the immune challenge modified or inhibited the effects of contamination on fish behavior in most populations, suggesting that multiple stressors could reduce behavioral plasticity. Interestingly, the effects of stressors were highly variable among populations, with lower deleterious effects of metal contamination in populations from highly contaminated environments, although the underlying evolutionary mechanisms remain to be investigated. This study highlights the importance of considering multiple stressors effects and intraspecific variability of sensitivity to refine our ability to predict the effects of environmental contaminants on aquatic wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Petitjean
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France; EDB, Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France; LTSER France, Zone Atelier PYGAR « Pyrénées-Garonne », Auzeville-Tolosane, France.
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- EDB, Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France; LTSER France, Zone Atelier PYGAR « Pyrénées-Garonne », Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Louna Riem
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France; EDB, Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Pitout
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Annie Perrault
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Myriam Cousseau
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Laffaille
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France; LTSER France, Zone Atelier PYGAR « Pyrénées-Garonne », Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Séverine Jean
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France; LTSER France, Zone Atelier PYGAR « Pyrénées-Garonne », Auzeville-Tolosane, France
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14
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Zagkle E, Grosiak M, Bauchinger U, Sadowska ET. Rest-Phase Hypothermia Reveals a Link Between Aging and Oxidative Stress: A Novel Hypothesis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:575060. [PMID: 33362574 PMCID: PMC7756103 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.575060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In endotherms, growth, reproduction, and survival are highly depended on energy metabolism. Maintenance of constant body temperature can be challenging for endotherms under continuously changing environmental conditions, such as low or high ambient temperatures or limited food. Thus, many birds may drop body temperature below normothermic values during the night, known as rest-phase hypothermia, presumably to decrease energy metabolism. Under the assumption of the positive link between aerobic metabolism and reactive oxygen species, it is reasonable to suggest that low body temperature, a proxy of energy metabolism, will affect oxidative stress of the birds. Aging may considerably affect behavior, performance and physiology in birds and still requires further investigation to understand age-specific changes along the lifespan of the organism. Until today, age-specific rest-phase hypothermic responses and their effect on oxidant-antioxidant status have never been investigated. We exposed 25 zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) of three age classes, 12 young birds (1.1–1.3 years old), 8 middle-aged (2.4–2.8 years old), and 5 old birds (4.2–7.5 years old) to day-long food deprivation or provided them normal access to food under thermoneutral conditions. We compared night-time body temperature, measured through implanted data loggers, and quantified plasma oxidative status (uric acid, antioxidant capacity, and d-ROM assay) the following morning. We found age-related differences in night-time body temperature following a day-long food deprivation while all three age groups remained normothermic in the night following a day with access to food. The lowest minimum body temperature (LSM ± SE: 36.6 ± 0.2°C) was observed in old individuals during rest-phase hypothermia. Surprisingly, these old birds also revealed the highest levels of plasma oxidative damage, while young and middle-aged birds maintained higher night-time body temperature and showed lower values of oxidative damage. These results lead us to propose a novel hypothesis on how aging may lead to an accumulation of oxidative damage; the impaired physiological capacity to thermoregulate with advancing age does increase the risk of oxidative stress under challenging conditions. When energy is limited, the risk to encounter oxidative stress is increasing via a compensation to defend normothermic body temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Zagkle
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Grosiak
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ulf Bauchinger
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta T Sadowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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15
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Petitjean Q, Jacquin L, LeHénaff M, Perrault A, Cousseau M, Laffaille P, Jean S. Dose- and time-dependent effects of an immune challenge on fish across biological levels. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2020; 335:250-264. [PMID: 33200884 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to global changes, fish are increasingly exposed to immune challenges associated with disease outbreaks in aquatic ecosystems. Adjustments in physiology and behavior are generally critical to maintaining homeostasis after an immune challenge, but there is limited knowledge on the specific thresholds and dynamics of responses across levels of biological organization in fish. In this study, we tested how different concentrations of an antigens mixture (phytohemagglutinin and lipopolysaccharide) affected innate immunity with potential consequences on oxidative stress, energy reserves, body condition, and behavior across time, using the common gudgeon (Gobio sp.) as model species. The immune challenge induced a transitory increase in lytic enzyme activity (i.e., lysozyme) and local immune response (i.e., skin swelling) 2 days after the antigen injection. The available energy stored in muscle was also reduced 4 days after injection, without inducing oxidative stress at the cellular level. Overall, the immune challenge induced limited costs at the molecular and cellular levels but had strong effects at the whole organism level, especially on behavior. Indeed, fish swimming activity and sociability were affected in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These results suggest that immune challenges have dose-dependent effects across levels of biological organization and that behavior is a key response trait to cope with pathogen-induced immune costs in the wild, although fitness consequences remain to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Petitjean
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Annie Perrault
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Myriam Cousseau
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Laffaille
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Séverine Jean
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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16
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Wan X, Ju G, Xu L, Yang H, Wang Z. Selenomethionine Improves Antioxidant Capacity of Breast Muscle in Geese Via Stimulating Glutathione System and Thiol Pool. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:253-259. [PMID: 31989436 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant capacity of breast muscle in geese fed diets with sodium selenite (SS) or selenomethionine (SeMet) were investigated in the present study. Two hundred healthy 28-day-old male geese were randomly allotted into four groups (one inorganic group and three organic groups) with five replicates per group. Geese in the four groups were fed the basal diet with 0.3 mg selenium (Se)/kg SS, and the basal diet with 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mg Se/kg SeMet, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. Diets with SS or SeMet had no significant effect on growth performance of geese. Geese fed diets with SeMet had higher Se content of breast muscle than SS (P < 0.001). Compared to SS, SeMet increased scavenging abilities of 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt free radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical, the concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiol and non-protein thiol, as well as the activity of glutathione peroxidase in breast muscle of geese (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary SeMet reduced the concentrations of reactive oxygen metabolites, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in breast muscle of geese compared to SS (P < 0.05). Therefore, SeMet improved the antioxidant capacity of breast muscle in geese, which might be related to the stimulated GSH-system and thiol pool. The recommended inclusion level of SeMet in goose diet is 0.2 mg Se/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengyue Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Esposito L, Tafuri S, Cocchia N, Fasanelli R, Piscopo N, Lamagna B, Eguren V, Amici A, Iorio EL, Ciani F. Assessment of living conditions in wild boars by analysis of oxidative stress markers. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2020; 24:64-71. [PMID: 32649230 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2020.1790365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated that it is possible to differentiate wild boars living in habitats with different animal densities by the measurement of oxidative stress markers. Therefore, reactive oxygen metabolites, the antioxidant barrier, i.e., the biological antioxidant potential and the antioxidative power (OXY-Adsorbent), as well as cortisol were measured in freely ranging wild boars. In two different areas of a State Forest in the Campania Region (Italy), 42 freely ranging, managed wild boars were captured with a corral trap, and blood samples were collected. The wild boars were divided by age (>1 year old and <1 year old) and sex (male and female). Animals in one area showed significantly higher values of oxidative stress parameters than those living in the other area. The annual boar censuses of areas highlighted a higher population density in the first area than in the second one, and this would explain the results obtained. Since the health or nutritional status of animals is reflected by oxidative stress, wild boars in areas with higher animal densities may live under worse conditions than animals in areas with lower densities which becomes evident by measuring oxidative stress markers. As cortisol in blood is only reflecting a short period, the measurement of oxidative stress level may be a better indicator to evaluate the living conditions of wild boars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Esposito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II , 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Tafuri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II , 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Natascia Cocchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II , 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Fasanelli
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Piscopo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II , 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Lamagna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II , 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincente Eguren
- Department of Animal Production, University of León , 241071 León, Spain
| | - Andrea Amici
- Department of Agriculture and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia , 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Ciani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II , 80137, Naples, Italy
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18
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Armour EM, Bruner TL, Hines JK, Butler MW. Low-dose immune challenges result in detectable levels of oxidative damage. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb220095. [PMID: 32054680 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.220095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Infection can result in substantial costs to animals, so they frequently respond by removing infectious agents with an immune response. However, immune responses entail their own costs, including upregulation of processes that destroy pathogens (e.g. the production of reactive oxygen species) and processes that limit the extent of self-damage during the immune response (e.g. production of anti-inflammatory proteins such as haptoglobin). Here, we simulated bacterial infection across a 1000-fold range using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administered to northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus), and quantified metrics related to pro-inflammatory conditions [i.e. generation of oxidative damage (d-ROMs), depletion of antioxidant capacity], anti-inflammatory mechanisms (i.e. production of haptoglobin, expression of the enzyme heme oxygenase, production of the organic molecule biliverdin) and nutritional physiology (e.g. circulating triglyceride levels, maintenance of body mass). We detected increases in levels of haptoglobin and d-ROMs even at LPS doses that are 1/1000th the concentration of doses frequently used in ecoimmunological studies, while loss of body mass and decreases in circulating triglycerides manifested only in individuals receiving the highest dose of LPS (1 mg LPS kg-1 body mass), highlighting variation among dose-dependent responses. Additionally, individuals that lost body mass during the course of the experiment had lower levels of circulating triglycerides, and those with more oxidative damage had greater levels of heme oxygenase expression, which highlights the complex interplay between pro- and anti-inflammatory processes. Because low doses of LPS may simulate natural infection levels, variation in dose-dependent physiological responses may be particularly important in modeling how free-living animals navigate immune challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M Armour
- Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042, USA
| | - Taylor L Bruner
- Department of Chemistry, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042, USA
| | - Justin K Hines
- Department of Chemistry, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042, USA
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19
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Bury S, Cierniak A, Jakóbik J, Sadowska ET, Cichoń M, Bauchinger U. Cellular Turnover: A Potential Metabolic Rate-Driven Mechanism to Mitigate Accumulation of DNA Damage. Physiol Biochem Zool 2020; 93:90-96. [PMID: 32011970 DOI: 10.1086/707506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, the imbalance of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant capacity, may cause damage to biomolecules pivotal for cellular processes (e.g., DNA). This may impair physiological performance and, therefore, drive life-history variation and aging rate. Because aerobic metabolism is supposed to be the main source of such oxidative risk, the rate of oxygen consumption should be positively associated with the level of damage and/or antioxidants. Empirical support for such relationships remains unclear, and recent considerations suggest even a negative relationship between metabolic rate and oxidative stress. We investigated the relationship between standard metabolic rate (SMR), antioxidants, and damage in blood plasma and erythrocytes for 35 grass snakes (Natrix natrix). Reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs) and nonenzymatic antioxidants were assessed in plasma, while two measures of DNA damage and the capacity to neutralize H2O2 were measured in erythrocytes. Plasma antioxidants showed no correlation to SMR, and the level of dROMs was positively related to SMR. A negative relationship between antioxidant capacity and SMR was found in erythrocytes, but no association of SMR with either measure of DNA damage was detected. No increase in DNA damage, despite lower antioxidant capacity at high SMR, indicates an upregulation in other defense mechanisms (e.g., damage repair and/or removal). Indeed, we observed a higher frequency of immature red blood cells in individuals with higher SMR, which indicates that highly metabolic individuals had increased erythrocyte turnover, a mechanism of damage removal. Such DNA protection through upregulated cellular turnover might explain the negligible senescence observed in some ectotherm taxa.
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20
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Petitjean Q, Jean S, Côte J, Lamarins A, Lefranc M, Santos R, Perrault A, Laffaille P, Jacquin L. Combined effects of temperature increase and immune challenge in two wild gudgeon populations. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:157-176. [PMID: 31620975 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the context of global changes, aquatic ecosystems are increasingly exposed to multiple stressors that can have unexpected interactive effects on aquatic organisms. Among these stressors, the occurrence of heat waves and pathogens is changing rapidly in freshwater rivers, but their combined effects on fish health are still understudied. In this study, we experimentally tested the crossed effects of increased temperature (mimicking a heat wave) and a standardized immune challenge (mimicking a parasite attack) on wild gudgeon (Gobio occitaniae) physiology and behaviour across biological levels from molecules to the whole individual. We also investigated the potential variation of sensitivity among populations by comparing two wild populations from contrasted thermal regimes. Combined stressors (i.e. temperature increase and immune challenge) had contrasted effects on fish physiology and behaviour compared to single stressors, but only at the individual level. In particular, the immune challenge inhibited the effect of the temperature on fish behaviour (activity, exploration and foraging) but amplified the negative effect of temperature on fish survival. No interactions were found at other biological levels. This study thus shows that it is essential to consider biotic stressors such as pathogens to better anticipate the effects of global changes on aquatic organisms. In addition, there was a high variability of response between the two gudgeon populations, suggesting that future studies should take into account population variability to better predict the responses of aquatic wildlife to current and future stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Petitjean
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France.
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France.
| | - Séverine Jean
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Côte
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Amaïa Lamarins
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Lefranc
- HEPIA, Ecology and Engineering of Aquatic Systems Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, 150 Route de Presinge, 1254, Jussy, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Santos
- HEPIA, Ecology and Engineering of Aquatic Systems Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, 150 Route de Presinge, 1254, Jussy, Switzerland
| | - Annie Perrault
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Laffaille
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR5245 Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
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Wan XL, Ju GY, Xu L, Yang HM, Wang ZY. Dietary selenomethionine increases antioxidant capacity of geese by improving glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Poult Sci 2019; 98:3763-3769. [PMID: 30815679 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 200 healthy 28-day-old male Jiangnan White geese were used to investigate the free radical scavenging ability, reduced glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin systems, and the concentrations of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PC) in geese fed diets with organic selenium (Se) (Selenomethionine, SeMet) and inorganic Se (sodium selenite, SS). All geese were randomly allotted into 4 groups with 5 replicates of 10 geese each, and received basal diet supplemented with 0.3 mg Se/kg SS, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mg Se/kg SeMet until 70 D of age, respectively. Geese in the SS and SeMet groups exhibited similar growth performance. Diet with SeMet increased the scavenging abilities of 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt free radical (ABTS•+, P < 0.001) and superoxide radical (O2-•, P = 0.002) in the serum of geese, as well as the scavenging abilities of ABTS•+ (P = 0.023), hydroxyl radical (P = 0.009) and O2-• (P = 0.019) in the liver of geese. Compared to the SS group, SeMet increased hepatic GSH concentration (P = 0.002), the activities of glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.031), γ-glutamate cysteine ligase (P < 0.001), and thioredoxin reductase (P < 0.001), and decreased the concentrations of ROM, MDA, and PC in the serum and liver of geese (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary SeMet inclusion would be more effective than SS in increasing the antioxidant capacity of geese, possibly by improving GSH and thioredoxin systems, and 0.2 mg Se/kg SeMet in goose diet is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - G Y Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - L Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - H M Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Z Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
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Grunst AS, Grunst ML, Gonser RA, Tuttle EM. Developmental stress and telomere dynamics in a genetically polymorphic species. J Evol Biol 2018; 32:134-143. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S. Grunst
- Department of Biology The Center for Genomic Advocacy Indiana State University Terre Haute Indiana
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Research Group University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Melissa L. Grunst
- Department of Biology The Center for Genomic Advocacy Indiana State University Terre Haute Indiana
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Research Group University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Rusty A. Gonser
- Department of Biology The Center for Genomic Advocacy Indiana State University Terre Haute Indiana
| | - Elaina M. Tuttle
- Department of Biology The Center for Genomic Advocacy Indiana State University Terre Haute Indiana
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Bury S, Cichoń M, Bauchinger U, Sadowska ET. High oxidative stress despite low energy metabolism and vice versa: Insights through temperature acclimation in an ectotherm. J Therm Biol 2018; 78:36-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ramirez-Otarola N, Sarria M, Rivera DS, Sabat P, Bozinovic F. Ecoimmunology in degus: interplay among diet, immune response, and oxidative stress. J Comp Physiol B 2018; 189:143-152. [PMID: 30488104 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-018-1195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between immunity, oxidative stress, and diet have not often been studied together. Despite this, it has been shown that dietary proteins can have effects on the functioning of the immune system and the oxidative status of animals. Here we evaluated the effects of dietary proteins on the response to an antigen and oxidative status of Octodon degus (Rodentia). We acclimated adult individuals to high-protein and low-protein diets and evaluated several aspects of the acute phase response and variables associated with oxidative status. After the immune challenge, animals acclimated to the high-protein diet had more inflammatory proteins and body mass losses than the group acclimated to a low-protein diet. Overall, the immune challenge increased the production of inflammatory proteins, total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, and duration of rest periods. In contrast, we did not find an interaction between diet and the challenge with the antigen. Overall, our results do not reveal an enhanced response to an antigen nor effects on the oxidative status of degus individuals subjected to a high-protein diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ramirez-Otarola
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins #340, 6513677, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mauricio Sarria
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela S Rivera
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins #340, 6513677, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Sabat
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins #340, 6513677, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins #340, 6513677, Santiago, Chile
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25
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Silva LR, Lardy S, Ferreira AC, Rey B, Doutrelant C, Covas R. Females pay the oxidative cost of dominance in a highly social bird. Anim Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Wan X, Ahmad H, Zhang L, Wang Z, Wang T. Dietary enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. improves meat quality, antioxidant capacity and energy status of breast muscle in heat-stressed broilers. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:3715-3721. [PMID: 29315586 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat stress (HS) is detrimental to animal-origin food production. Artemisia annua L., a natural source of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, exhibits antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. (EA) supplementation on meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and energy status of breast muscle in heat-stressed broilers. RESULTS The inclusion of EA increased the redness, reduced drip loss, decreased reactive oxygen metabolites and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced the ferric reducing antioxidant power and free-radical scavenging abilities of breast muscle in heat-treated broilers. Dietary EA supplementation increased adenosine phosphate concentrations and energy charge, and decreased the mRNA expression levels of heat-shock protein 70 and 90, but increased the mRNA expression levels of avian uncoupling protein, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α, and sirtuin 1 in the breast muscle of broilers exposed to HS. CONCLUSION Dietary EA supplementation improved meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and energy status in breast muscle of heat-stressed broilers, which might be associated with altering pertinent mRNA expression; EA could therefore be used as a promising feed additive to mitigate HS in the poultry industry. This study recommended 1.00-1.25 g/kg EA in broiler diet. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hussain Ahmad
- College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Lardy S, Gasparini J, Corbel H, Frantz A, Perret S, Zahn S, Criscuolo F, Jacquin L. Telomere erosion varies with sex and age at immune challenge but not with maternal antibodies in pigeons. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2018; 327:562-569. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lardy
- CEFE; CNRS; Université de Montpellier; France
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
- Biogéoscience; UMR CNRS/uB 6282; Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Julien Gasparini
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UPEC; Paris 7; CNRS; INRA; IRD; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Paris France
| | - Hélène Corbel
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UPEC; Paris 7; CNRS; INRA; IRD; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Paris France
| | - Adrien Frantz
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UPEC; Paris 7; CNRS; INRA; IRD; Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris; Paris France
| | - Samuel Perret
- CEFE; CNRS; Université de Montpellier; France
- Centre d'Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive CEREEP-Ecotron Ile-De-France CNRS ENS; UMS 3194; Ecole Normale Supérieure; St-Pierre-lès-Nemours; France
| | - Sandrine Zahn
- Université de Strasbourg; Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien; CNRS; Strasbourg France
| | - Francois Criscuolo
- Université de Strasbourg; Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien; CNRS; Strasbourg France
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; CNRS; IRD; Laboratoire Evolution Diversité Biologique EDB UMR 5174; Toulouse France
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Wan X, Zhang J, He J, Bai K, Zhang L, Wang T. Dietary enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. supplementation alleviates liver oxidative injury of broilers reared under high ambient temperature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1629-1636. [PMID: 28352954 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress induced by high ambient temperature is a major concern in commercial broiler production. To evaluate the effects of dietary enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. (EA) supplementation on growth performance and liver oxidative injury of broilers reared under heat stress, a total of 320 22-day-old male broilers were randomly allotted into five groups with eight replicates of eight birds each. Broilers in the control group were housed at 22 ± 1 °C and fed the basal diet. Broilers in the HS, HS-EA1, HS-EA2, and HS-EA3 groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 g/kg EA, respectively, and reared under cyclic high temperature (34 ± 1 °C for 8 h/day and 22 ± 1 °C for 16 h/day). Broilers fed EA diets had higher final body weight, average daily body weight gain, and average daily feed intake, as well as liver concentration of reduced glutathione, activities of antioxidant enzymes, abilities to inhibit hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical (HS-EA2 and HS-EA3), and lower liver concentrations of reactive oxygen metabolites, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyl (HS-EA1, HS-EA2, and HS-EA3) than HS group (P < 0.05). EA treatment downregulated the mRNA levels of heat shock proteins 70 and 90, upregulated the mRNA levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (HS-EA1, HS-EA2, and HS-EA3) and heme oxygenase 1 (HS-EA2 and HS-EA3) in liver of heat-treated broilers (P < 0.05). In conclusion, EA alleviated heat stress-induced growth depression and liver oxidative injury in broilers, possibly through improving the antioxidant capacity and regulating the pertinent mRNA expression. The appropriate inclusion level of EA in broiler diet is 1.00-1.25 g/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintian He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiwen Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Colominas-Ciuró R, Santos M, Coria N, Barbosa A. Reproductive effort affects oxidative status and stress in an Antarctic penguin species: An experimental study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177124. [PMID: 28493935 PMCID: PMC5426717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative cost of reproduction has been a matter of debate in recent years presumably because of the lack of proper experimental studies. Based on the hypothesis that different brood sizes produce differential reproductive costs, an experimental manipulation during breeding of Adélie penguins was conducted at Hope Bay, Antarctica, to study oxidative status and stress. We predict that a lower reproductive effort should be positively related to low oxidative and physiological stress. We randomly assigned nests with two chicks to a control reproductive effort group (CRE), and by removing one chick from some nests with two chicks, formed a second, low reproductive effort group (LRE). We examined how oxidative status in blood plasma (reactive oxygen metabolites, ROMs, and total antioxidant capacity, OXY) and stress (heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, H/L) responded to a lower production of offspring total biomass. Our nest manipulation showed significant differences in offspring total biomass, which was lower in the LRE group. As predicted, the LRE group had higher antioxidant capacity than individuals in the CRE group. We have also found, although marginally significant, interactions between sex and treatment in the three variables analysed. Females had higher OXY, lower ROMs and lower H/L ratio when rearing one chick, whereas males did so when rearing two except for OXY which was high regardless of treatment. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between the H/L ratio and OXY in females. Finally, we have found a negative and significant relationship between the duration of the experiment and OXY and ROMs and positive with H/L ratio which suggests that indeed breeding penguins are paying an effort in physiological terms in relation to the duration of the chick rearing. In conclusion, a reduction of the reproductive effort decreased oxidative stress in this long-lived bird meaning that a link exists between breeding effort and oxidative stress. However, our findings suggest different sex strategies which results in opposite physiological responses presumably depending on different life-history strategies in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Colominas-Ciuró
- Depto. Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Calle de José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Mercedes Santos
- Instituto Antártico Argentino–División Biología, Cerrito 1248 (1010), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Néstor Coria
- Instituto Antártico Argentino–División Biología, Cerrito 1248 (1010), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Barbosa
- Depto. Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Calle de José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid, Spain
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Crommenacker J, Hammers M, Woude J, Louter M, Santema P, Richardson DS, Komdeur J. Oxidative status and fitness components in the Seychelles warbler. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janske Crommenacker
- Behavioural & Physiological Ecology Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen P.O. Box 11103 9700 CC Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Hammers
- Behavioural & Physiological Ecology Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen P.O. Box 11103 9700 CC Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jildou Woude
- Behavioural & Physiological Ecology Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen P.O. Box 11103 9700 CC Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Marina Louter
- School of Biological Sciences Flinders University G.P.O. Box 2100 Adelaide 5001 Australia
| | - Peter Santema
- Department of Behavioural Ecology & Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard‐Gwinner‐Strasse 7 82319 Seewiesen Germany
| | - David S. Richardson
- Nature Seychelles PO Box 1310, Victoria Mahé Republic of Seychelles
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Jan Komdeur
- Behavioural & Physiological Ecology Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen P.O. Box 11103 9700 CC Groningen The Netherlands
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Noguera JC. Interacting effects of early dietary conditions and reproductive effort on the oxidative costs of reproduction. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3094. [PMID: 28316895 PMCID: PMC5354074 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that oxidative damage accumulation can mediate the trade-off between reproduction and lifespan has recently been questioned. However, in captive conditions, studies reporting no evidence in support of this hypothesis have usually provided easy access to food which may have mitigated the cost of reproduction. Here, I test the hypothesis that greater investment in reproduction should lead to oxidative damage accumulation and telomere loss in domestic zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata. Moreover, since the change or fluctuation in diet composition between early and late postnatal period can impair the ability to produce antioxidant defences in zebra finches, I also tested if early nutritional conditions (constant vs fluctuating early diet) influenced the magnitude of any subsequent costs of reproduction (e.g., oxidative damage and/or telomere shortening). In comparison to pairs with reduced broods, the birds that had to feed enlarged broods showed a higher level of oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG), but brood size had no effect on telomeres. Fluctuating early diet composition reduced the capacity to maintain the activity of endogenous antioxidants (GPx), particularly when reproductive costs were increased (enlarged brood). The decline in GPx in birds feeding enlarged broods was accompanied by a change in bill colouration. This suggests that birds with lower endogenous antioxidant defences might have strategically increased the mobilization of antioxidants previously stored in other tissues (i.e., bill and liver) and thus, preventing an excessive accumulation of damage during reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Carlos Noguera
- Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad de Vigo , Vigo , Galicia , Spain
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Rojas Mora A, Firth A, Blareau S, Vallat A, Helfenstein F. Oxidative stress affects sperm performance and ejaculate redox status in subordinate House Sparrows. J Exp Biol 2017; 220:2577-2588. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.154799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is the result of random cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen species that leads to cell death, ageing, or illness. Most physiological processes can result in OS, which in turn has been identified as a major cause of infertility. In promiscuous species, the fertilizing ability of the ejaculate partly determines the male reproductive success. When dominance determines access to fertile females, theory predicts that lower ranking males should increase resource investment into enhancing ejaculate quality. We hypothesized that subordinate males should thus prioritize antioxidant protection of their ejaculates to protect them from OS. We put this hypothesis to the test, by chronically dosing wild House Sparrows with diquat (∼1mg/kg), an herbicide that increases pro-oxidant generation. We found that, although they increased their antioxidant levels in the ejaculate, diquat-treated males produced sperm with reduced velocity. Importantly, and contrary to our hypothesis, males at the bottom of the hierarchy suffered the largest reduction in sperm velocity. We suggest that resource access hinders individuals' ability to cope with environmental hazards. Our results point at OS as a likely physiological mechanism mediating ejaculate quality, while individual ability to access resources may play a role in constraining the extent to which such resources can be allocated into the ejaculate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Rojas Mora
- Evolutionary Ecophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Firth
- Evolutionary Ecophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Blareau
- Evolutionary Ecophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Armelle Vallat
- Neuchatel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Fabrice Helfenstein
- Evolutionary Ecophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Switzerland
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Delhaye J, Jenkins T, Christe P. Plasmodium infection and oxidative status in breeding great tits, Parus major. Malar J 2016; 15:531. [PMID: 27809847 PMCID: PMC5096287 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium parasites may affect the oxidative status of their hosts, defined as the balance of pro-oxidant compounds and antioxidant defences in an organism. An increased energy requirement, the activation of immune functions or the parasite itself may lead to a higher production of pro-oxidants and/or an antioxidant depletion resulting in a higher oxidative stress and associated damage in infected individuals. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying oxidative processes at play during host-Plasmodium interaction in the wild. Methods The effect of Plasmodium infection on host oxidative status was investigated in wild populations of breeding great tits, Parus major, naturally infected by Plasmodium spp. When chicks were 14 days old, the parents were blood-sampled to measure four complementary oxidative status markers: pro-oxidant production as mitochondrial superoxide production in red blood cells (RBC), antioxidant defences as plasma antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage as reactive oxygen metabolites in the plasma and RBC membrane resistance to oxidative attack. Results Plasmodium-infected individuals produced more pro-oxidants compared to uninfected ones and pro-oxidant production positively correlated to infection intensity. There was also a conditional effect of reproductive effort on oxidative damage depending on Plasmodium infection status. There was no direct effect of infection on oxidative damage and no effect on antioxidant defences. Conclusions The results suggest that Plasmodium parasites may impose a cost in terms of increased oxidative stress possibly mediated via a higher energy requirement in infected hosts. This further suggests that Plasmodium parasites may modify host life history traits via an induction of oxidative stress. This study highlights that measuring several complementary oxidative status markers may enable to capture oxidative processes at play during host-Plasmodium interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1579-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Delhaye
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Tania Jenkins
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Christe
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Oxidative stress in northern elephant seals: Integration of omics approaches with ecological and experimental studies. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 200:94-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Body mass and immune function, but not bill coloration, predict dominance in female mallards. Behav Processes 2016; 131:59-67. [PMID: 27561967 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Competition over indivisible resources is common and often costly. Therefore, selection should favor strategies, including efficient communication, that minimize unnecessary costs associated with such competition. For example, signaling enables competitors to avoid engaging in costly asymmetrical contests. Recently, bill coloration has been identified as an information-rich signal used by some birds to mediate aggressive interactions and we evaluated this possibility in female mallards Anas platyrhynchos. Specifically, we conducted two rounds of competitive interactions among groups of unfamiliar adult female ducks. By recording all aggressive behaviors exhibited by each individual, as well as the identity of attack recipients, we were able to assign dominance scores and evaluate links between numerous physiological, morphological, and experimental variables that we predicted would influence contest outcome and dominance. Contrary to our predictions, dominance was not linked to any aspect of bill coloration, access to dietary carotenoids during development, two of three measures of immune function, or ovarian follicle maturation. Instead, heavier birds were more dominant, as were those with reduced immune system responses to an experimentally administered external immunostimulant, phytohemagglutinin. These results suggest that visual signals are less useful during the establishment of dominance hierarchies within multi-individual scramble competitions, and that immune function is correlated with contest strategies in competitions for access to limited resources.
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The effect of maternal immunization on female oxidative status, yolk antioxidants and offspring survival in a songbird. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 194:56-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Costantini D. Oxidative stress ecology and the d-ROMs test: facts, misfacts and an appraisal of a decade’s work. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Plumel MI, Benhaim-Delarbre M, Rompais M, Thiersé D, Sorci G, van Dorsselaer A, Criscuolo F, Bertile F. Differential proteomics reveals age-dependent liver oxidative costs of innate immune activation in mice. J Proteomics 2016; 135:181-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Schull Q, Viblanc VA, Stier A, Saadaoui H, Lefol E, Criscuolo F, Bize P, Robin JP. The oxidative debt of fasting: evidence for short to medium-term costs of advanced fasting in adult king penguins. J Exp Biol 2016; 219:3284-3293. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.145250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In response to prolonged periods of fasting, animals have evolved metabolic adaptations helping to mobilize body reserves and/or reducing metabolic rate, to ensure a longer usage of reserves. Those metabolic changes can however be associated with higher exposure to oxidative stress, raising the question how species that naturally fast during their life cycle avoid an accumulation of oxidative damage over time. King penguins repeatedly cope with fasting periods up to several weeks. Here we investigated how adult male penguins deal with oxidative stress after an experimentally induced moderate fasting period (PII) or an advanced fasting period (PIII). After fasting in captivity, birds were released to forage at sea. We measured plasmatic oxidative stress on the same individuals at the start and end of the fasting period and when they returned from foraging at sea. We found an increase in activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase along with fasting. However, PIII individuals showed higher oxidative damage at the end of the fast compared to PII individuals. When they returned from re-feeding at sea, all birds had recovered their initial body mass and exhibited low levels of oxidative damage. Notably, levels of oxidative damage after the foraging trip were correlated to the rate of mass gain at sea in PIII individuals but not in PII individuals. Altogether, our results suggest that fasting induces a transitory exposure to oxidative stress and that effort to recover in body mass after an advanced fasting period may be a neglected carry-over cost of fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Schull
- IPHC, UNISTRA, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Antoine Stier
- IPHC, UNISTRA, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hédi Saadaoui
- IPHC, UNISTRA, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Emilie Lefol
- IPHC, UNISTRA, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Pierre Bize
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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Cecere JG, Caprioli M, Carnevali C, Colombo G, Dalle-Donne I, Mancuso E, Milzani A, Parolini M, Portanova A, Saino N, Serra L, Rubolini D. Dietary flavonoids advance timing of moult but do not affect redox status of juvenile blackbirds (Turdus merula). J Exp Biol 2016; 219:3155-3162. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.141424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are the most abundant plant polyphenols, widely occurring in fruits and berries, and show a strong antioxidant activity in vitro. Studies of avian species feeding on berries suggest that dietary flavonoids have health-promoting effects and may enhance the expression of melanin-based plumage traits. These effects are likely mediated by the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. However, the effect of dietary flavonoids on oxidative status has never been investigated in any bird species. We analysed the effects of dietary flavonoids on blood non-enzymatic antioxidants and protein oxidative damage of juvenile European blackbirds (Turdus merula). In addition, we analysed the effects of the flavonoid-enriched diet on body condition and on timing of moult from juvenile to adult plumage. Dietary flavonoids did not significantly affect the redox status but significantly advanced the onset of moult, hastening plumage development. Moulting birds showed higher protein oxidative damage compared to those that had not yet started moulting. The probability to initiate moult after 40 days of dietary treatment was higher for birds with low circulating levels of oxidizing agents and high glutathione concentration. The metabolization of flavonoids could have altered their redox potential, resulting in not net effects on redox status. However, flavonoid consumption before and during moult may contribute to enhance plumage development. Moreover, our findings suggest that moulting feathers may result in redox imbalance. Given their effect on moult and growth of melanin-rich feathers, fruit flavonoids may have contributed to the evolution of plant fruiting time in relation to fruit consumption preferences by birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo G. Cecere
- ISPRA – Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Manuela Caprioli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Carnevali
- ISPRA – Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Dalle-Donne
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Mancuso
- ISPRA – Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Parolini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Antea Portanova
- ISPRA – Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Nicola Saino
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Serra
- ISPRA – Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Diego Rubolini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
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Senescence in the wild: Insights from a long-term study on Seychelles warblers. Exp Gerontol 2015; 71:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Herborn KA, Daunt F, Heidinger BJ, Granroth‐Wilding HMV, Burthe SJ, Newell MA, Monaghan P. Age, oxidative stress exposure and fitness in a long‐lived seabird. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Herborn
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Graham Kerr Building Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Francis Daunt
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB UK
| | - Britt J. Heidinger
- Biological Sciences Department North Dakota State University Stevens Hall Fargo North Dakota 58108 USA
| | - Hanna M. V. Granroth‐Wilding
- Institutes of Evolutionary Biology and Immunology and Infection Research School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3JT UK
| | - Sarah J. Burthe
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB UK
| | - Mark A. Newell
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB UK
| | - Pat Monaghan
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Graham Kerr Building Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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Vaugoyeau M, Decencière B, Perret S, Karadas F, Meylan S, Biard C. Is oxidative status influenced by dietary carotenoid and physical activity after moult in the great tit (Parus major)? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 218:2106-15. [PMID: 25964421 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.111039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the context of sexual and natural selection, an allocation trade-off for carotenoid pigments may exist because of their obligate dietary origin and their role both in the antioxidant and immune systems and in the production of coloured signals in various taxa, particularly birds. When birds have expended large amounts of carotenoids to feather growth such as after autumn moult, bird health and oxidative status might be more constrained. We tested this hypothesis in a bird species with carotenoid-based plumage colour, by manipulating dietary carotenoids and physical activity, which can decrease antioxidant capacity and increase reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) concentration. Great tits were captured after moult and kept in aviaries, under three treatments: physical handicap and dietary supplementation with carotenoids, physical handicap and control diet, and no handicap and control diet. We measured plasma composition (antioxidant capacity, ROM concentration, and vitamin A, vitamin E and total carotenoid concentrations), immune system activation (blood sedimentation) and stress response (heterophil/lymphocyte ratio) and predicted that handicap treatment should influence these negatively and carotenoid supplementation positively. Coloration of yellow feathers was also measured. Carotenoid supplementation increased total plasma carotenoid concentration, decreased feather carotenoid chroma and marginally increased ROM concentration. Handicap increased blood sedimentation only in males but had no clear influence on oxidative stress, which contradicted previous studies. Further studies are needed to investigate how physical activity and carotenoid availability might interact and influence oxidative stress outside the moult period, and their combined potential influence on attractiveness and reproductive investment later during the breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vaugoyeau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 7 Quai St Bernard, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Beatriz Decencière
- CNRS ENS, UMS 3194, CEREEP - Ecotron IleDeFrance, Ecole Normale Supérieure, St-Pierre-lès-Nemours 77140, France
| | - Samuel Perret
- CNRS ENS, UMS 3194, CEREEP - Ecotron IleDeFrance, Ecole Normale Supérieure, St-Pierre-lès-Nemours 77140, France
| | - Filiz Karadas
- Department of Animal Science, University of Yüzüncü Yil, 65080 Van, Turkey
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 7 Quai St Bernard, Paris F-75005, France ESPE de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris IV, 10 rue Molitor, Paris 75016, France
| | - Clotilde Biard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 7 Quai St Bernard, Paris F-75005, France
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44
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Carotenoids increase immunity and sex specifically affect color and redox homeostasis in a monochromatic seabird. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-015-1922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Cram DL, Blount JD, York JE, Young AJ. Immune response in a wild bird is predicted by oxidative status, but does not cause oxidative stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122421. [PMID: 25815888 PMCID: PMC4376632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system provides vital protection against pathogens, but extensive evidence suggests that mounting immune responses can entail survival and fecundity costs. The physiological mechanisms that underpin these costs remain poorly understood, despite their potentially important role in shaping life-histories. Recent studies involving laboratory models highlight the possibility that oxidative stress could mediate these costs, as immune-activation can increase the production of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative stress. However, this hypothesis has rarely been tested in free-ranging wild populations, where natural oxidative statuses and compensatory strategies may moderate immune responses and their impacts on oxidative status. Furthermore, the possibility that individuals scale their immune responses according to their oxidative status, conceivably to mitigate such costs, remains virtually unexplored. Here, we experimentally investigate the effects of a phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) immune-challenge on oxidative status in wild male and female white-browed sparrow weavers, Plocepasser mahali. We also establish whether baseline oxidative status prior to challenge predicts the scale of the immune responses. Contrary to previous work on captive animals, our findings suggest that PHA-induced immune-activation does not elicit oxidative stress. Compared with controls (n = 25 birds), PHA-injected birds (n = 27 birds) showed no evidence of a differential change in markers of oxidative damage or enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant protection 24 hours after challenge. We did, however, find that the activity of a key antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, SOD) prior to immune-activation predicted the scale of the resulting swelling: birds with stronger initial SOD activity subsequently produced smaller swellings. Our findings (i) suggest that wild birds can mount immune responses without suffering from systemic oxidative stress, and (ii) lend support to biomedical evidence that baseline oxidative status can impact the scale of immune responses; a possibility not yet recognised in ecological studies of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic L. Cram
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, United Kingdom
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan D. Blount
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer E. York
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, United Kingdom
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Andrew J. Young
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, United Kingdom
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46
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Wegmann M, Voegeli B, Richner H. Oxidative status and reproductive effort of great tits in a handicapping experiment. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Marri V, Richner H. Immune response, oxidative stress and dietary antioxidants in great tit nestlings. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 179:192-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Petit M, Vézina F. Reaction norms in natural conditions: how does metabolic performance respond to weather variations in a small endotherm facing cold environments? PLoS One 2014; 9:e113617. [PMID: 25426860 PMCID: PMC4245212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction norms reflect an organisms' capacity to adjust its phenotype to the environment and allows for identifying trait values associated with physiological limits. However, reaction norms of physiological parameters are mostly unknown for endotherms living in natural conditions. Black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) increase their metabolic performance during winter acclimatization and are thus good model to measure reaction norms in the wild. We repeatedly measured basal (BMR) and summit (Msum) metabolism in chickadees to characterize, for the first time in a free-living endotherm, reaction norms of these parameters across the natural range of weather variation. BMR varied between individuals and was weakly and negatively related to minimal temperature. Msum varied with minimal temperature following a Z-shape curve, increasing linearly between 24°C and −10°C, and changed with absolute humidity following a U-shape relationship. These results suggest that thermal exchanges with the environment have minimal effects on maintenance costs, which may be individual-dependent, while thermogenic capacity is responding to body heat loss. Our results suggest also that BMR and Msum respond to different and likely independent constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Petit
- Département de Biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski (Québec), G5L 3A1, Canada
- Groupe de recherche sur les environnements nordiques BOREAS, Rimouski (Québec), Canada
- Centre d'Etudes Nordiques, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Centre de la Science de la Biodiversité du Québec, Montréal (Québec), Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - François Vézina
- Département de Biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski (Québec), G5L 3A1, Canada
- Groupe de recherche sur les environnements nordiques BOREAS, Rimouski (Québec), Canada
- Centre d'Etudes Nordiques, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Centre de la Science de la Biodiversité du Québec, Montréal (Québec), Canada
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49
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Yolk carotenoids increase fledging success in great tit nestlings. Oecologia 2014; 176:371-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-3051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Rodríguez A, Broggi J, Alcaide M, Negro JJ, Figuerola J. Determinants and short-term physiological consequences of PHA immune response in lesser kestrel nestlings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 321:376-86. [PMID: 24807828 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Individual immune responses are likely affected by genetic, physiological, and environmental determinants. We studied the determinants and short-term consequences of Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) induced immune response, a commonly used immune challenge eliciting both innate and acquired immunity, on lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) nestlings in semi-captivity conditions and with a homogeneous diet composition. We conducted a repeated measures analyses of a set of blood parameters (carotenoids, triglycerides, β-hydroxybutyrate, cholesterol, uric acid, urea, total proteins, and total antioxidant capacity), metabolic (resting metabolic rate), genotypic (MHC class II B heterozygosity), and biometric (body mass) variables. PHA challenge did not affect the studied physiological parameters on a short-term basis (<12 hr), except plasma concentrations of triglycerides and carotenoids, which decreased and increased, respectively. Uric acid was the only physiological parameter correlated with the PHA induced immune response (skin swelling), but the change of body mass, cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity, and triglycerides between sessions (i.e., post-pre treatment) were also positively correlated to PHA response. No relationships were detected between MHC gene heterozygosity or resting metabolic rate and PHA response. Our results indicate that PHA response in lesser kestrel nestlings growing in optimal conditions does not imply a severe energetic cost 12 hr after challenge, but is condition-dependent as a rapid mobilization of carotenoids and decrease of triglycerides is elicited on a short-term basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airam Rodríguez
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Seville, Spain; Department of Research, Phillip Island Nature Parks, Cowes, Victoria, Australia
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