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Zhao X, Yang X, Hang HC. Chemoproteomic Analysis of Microbiota Metabolite-Protein Targets and Mechanisms. Biochemistry 2022; 61:2822-2834. [PMID: 34989554 PMCID: PMC9256862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The microbiota have emerged as an important factor in host physiology, disease, and response to therapy. These diverse microbes (bacteria, virus, fungi, and protists) encode unique functions and metabolites that regulate intraspecies and interspecies interactions. While the mechanisms of some microbiota species and metabolites have been elucidated, the diversity and abundance of different microbiota species and their associated pathways suggest many more metabolites and mechanisms of action remain to be discovered. In this Perspective, we highlight how the advances in chemical proteomics have provided new opportunities to elucidate the molecular targets of specific microbiota metabolites and reveal new mechanisms of action. The continued development of specific microbiota metabolite reporters and more precise proteomic methods should reveal new microbiota mechanisms of action, therapeutic targets, and biomarkers for a variety of human diseases.
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2
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Tian X, Jiang H, Cai B, Feng H, Wang X, Yu G. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Fucosylated Glycoproteins Produced by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Under Different Polysaccharide Nutrition Conditions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:826942. [PMID: 35308349 PMCID: PMC8931616 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.826942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, one of the most eminent representative gut commensal Bacteroides species, is able to use the L-fucose in host-derived and dietary polysaccharides to modify its capsular polysaccharides and glycoproteins through a mammalian-like salvage metabolic pathway. This process is essential for the colonization of the bacteria and for symbiosis with the host. However, despite the importance of fucosylated proteins (FGPs) in B. thetaiotaomicron, their types, distribution, and functions remain unclear. In this study, the effects of different polysaccharide (corn starch, mucin, and fucoidan) nutrition conditions on newly synthesized FGPs expressions and fucosylation are investigated using a chemical biological method based on metabolic labeling and bioorthogonal reaction. According to the results of label-free quantification, 559 FGPs (205 downregulated and 354 upregulated) are affected by the dietary conditions. Of these differentially expressed proteins, 65 proteins show extremely sensitive to polysaccharide nutrition conditions (FGPs fold change/global protein fold change ≥2.0 or ≤0.5). Specifically, the fucosylation of the chondroitin sulfate ABC enzyme, Sus proteins, and cationic efflux system proteins varies significantly upon the addition of mucin, corn starch, or fucoidan. Moreover, these polysaccharides can trigger an appreciable increase in the fucosylation level of the two-component system and ammonium transport proteins. These results highlight the efficiency of the combined metabolic glycan labeling and bio-orthogonal reaction in enriching the intestinal Bacteroides glycoproteins. Moreover, it emphasizes the sensitivity of Bacteroides fucosylation to polysaccharide nutrition conditions, which allows for the regulation of bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Jiang,
| | - Binbin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Huxin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Guangli Yu,
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3
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Heiss TK, Dorn RS, Prescher JA. Bioorthogonal Reactions of Triarylphosphines and Related Analogues. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6802-6849. [PMID: 34101453 PMCID: PMC10064493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal phosphines were introduced in the context of the Staudinger ligation over 20 years ago. Since that time, phosphine probes have been used in myriad applications to tag azide-functionalized biomolecules. The Staudinger ligation also paved the way for the development of other phosphorus-based chemistries, many of which are widely employed in biological experiments. Several reviews have highlighted early achievements in the design and application of bioorthogonal phosphines. This review summarizes more recent advances in the field. We discuss innovations in classic Staudinger-like transformations that have enabled new biological pursuits. We also highlight relative newcomers to the bioorthogonal stage, including the cyclopropenone-phosphine ligation and the phospha-Michael reaction. The review concludes with chemoselective reactions involving phosphite and phosphonite ligations. For each transformation, we describe the overall mechanism and scope. We also showcase efforts to fine-tune the reagents for specific functions. We further describe recent applications of the chemistries in biological settings. Collectively, these examples underscore the versatility and breadth of bioorthogonal phosphine reagents.
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4
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Petch JE, Gurnani P, Yilmaz G, Mastrotto F, Alexander C, Heeb S, Cámara M, Mantovani G. Combining Inducible Lectin Expression and Magnetic Glyconanoparticles for the Selective Isolation of Bacteria from Mixed Populations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:19230-19243. [PMID: 33852268 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The selective isolation of bacteria from mixed populations has been investigated in varied applications ranging from differential pathogen identification in medical diagnostics and food safety to the monitoring of microbial stress dynamics in industrial bioreactors. Selective isolation techniques are generally limited to the confinement of small populations in defined locations, may be unable to target specific bacteria, or rely on immunomagnetic separation, which is not universally applicable. In this proof-of-concept work, we describe a novel strategy combining inducible bacterial lectin expression with magnetic glyconanoparticles (MGNPs) as a platform technology to enable selective bacterial isolation from cocultures. An inducible mutant of the type 1 fimbriae, displaying the mannose-specific lectin FimH, was constructed in Escherichia coli allowing for "on-demand" glycan-binding protein presentation following external chemical stimulation. Binding to glycopolymers was only observed upon fimbrial induction and was specific for mannosylated materials. A library of MGNPs was produced via the grafting of well-defined catechol-terminal glycopolymers prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to magnetic nanoparticles. Thermal analysis revealed high functionalization (≥85% polymer by weight). Delivery of MGNPs to cocultures of fluorescently labeled bacteria followed by magnetic extraction resulted in efficient depletion of type 1 fimbriated target cells from wild-type or afimbriate E. coli. Extraction efficiency was found to be dependent on the molecular weight of the glycopolymers utilized to engineer the nanoparticles, with MGNPs decorated with shorter Dopa-(ManAA)50 mannosylated glycopolymers found to perform better than those assembled from a longer Dopa-(ManAA)200 analogue. The extraction efficiency of fimbriated E. coli was also improved when the counterpart strain did not harbor the genetic apparatus for the expression of the type 1 fimbriae. Overall, this work suggests that the modulation of the genetic apparatus encoding bacterial surface-associated lectins coupled with capture through MGNPs could be a versatile tool for the extraction of bacteria from mixed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Petch
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, National Biofilms Innovation Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Stephan Heeb
- Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, National Biofilms Innovation Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Miguel Cámara
- Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, National Biofilms Innovation Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Giuseppe Mantovani
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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5
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Moulton KD, Adewale AP, Carol HA, Mikami SA, Dube DH. Metabolic Glycan Labeling-Based Screen to Identify Bacterial Glycosylation Genes. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:3247-3259. [PMID: 33186014 PMCID: PMC7808405 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cell surface glycans are quintessential drug targets due to their critical role in colonization of the host, pathogen survival, and immune evasion. The dense cell envelope glycocalyx contains distinctive monosaccharides that are stitched together into higher order glycans to yield exclusively bacterial structures that are critical for strain fitness and pathogenesis. However, the systematic study and inhibition of bacterial glycosylation enzymes remains challenging. Bacteria produce glycans containing rare sugars refractory to traditional glycan analysis, complicating the study of bacterial glycans and the identification of their biosynthesis machinery. To ease the study of bacterial glycans in the absence of detailed structural information, we used metabolic glycan labeling to detect changes in glycan biosynthesis. Here, we screened wild-type versus mutant strains of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori, ultimately permitting the identification of genes involved in glycoprotein and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Our findings provide the first evidence that H. pylori protein glycosylation proceeds via a lipid carrier-mediated pathway that overlaps with lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Protein glycosylation mutants displayed fitness defects consistent with those induced by small molecule glycosylation inhibitors. Broadly, our results suggest a facile approach to screen for bacterial glycosylation genes and gain insight into their biosynthesis and functional importance, even in the absence of glycan structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen D. Moulton
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
| | - Adedunmola P. Adewale
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
| | - Hallie A. Carol
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
| | - Sage A. Mikami
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
| | - Danielle H. Dube
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
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6
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Santos VF, Araújo ACJ, Freitas PR, Silva ALP, Santos ALE, Matias da Rocha BA, Silva RRS, Almeida DV, Garcia W, Coutinho HDM, Teixeira CS. Enhanced antibacterial activity of the gentamicin against multidrug-resistant strains when complexed with Canavalia ensiformis lectin. Microb Pathog 2020; 152:104639. [PMID: 33238197 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific to sugar groups associated to other molecules. In addition to interacting with carbohydrates, a number of studies have reported the ability of these proteins to modulate the activity of several antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. In this study, we report the enhanced antibacterial activity of the gentamicin against MDR strains when complexed with a lectin from Canavalia ensiformis seeds (ConA). Hemagglutination activity test and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the gentamicin can interact with ConA most likely via the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with binding constant (Kb) value estimated of (0.44 ± 0.04) x 104 M-1. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) obtained for ConA against all strains studied were not clinically relevant (MIC ≥ 1024 μg/mL). However, when ConA was combined with gentamicin, a significant increase in antibiotic activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The present study showed that ConA has an affinity for gentamicin and modulates its activity against MDR strains. These results indicate that ConA improves gentamicin performance and is a promising candidate for structure/function analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdenice F Santos
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Ana C J Araújo
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional Do Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Priscilla R Freitas
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional Do Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana L P Silva
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Ana L E Santos
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Romério R S Silva
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Dnane V Almeida
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal Do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Wanius Garcia
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal Do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional Do Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Claudener S Teixeira
- Instituto de Formação de Educadores, Universidade Federal Do Cariri, Brejo Santo, Ceará, Brazil.
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7
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Williams DA, Pradhan K, Paul A, Olin IR, Tuck OT, Moulton KD, Kulkarni SS, Dube DH. Metabolic inhibitors of bacterial glycan biosynthesis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:1761-1774. [PMID: 34123271 PMCID: PMC8148367 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial cell wall is a quintessential drug target due to its critical role in colonization of the host, pathogen survival, and immune evasion. The dense cell wall glycocalyx contains distinctive monosaccharides that are absent from human cells, and proper assembly of monosaccharides into higher-order glycans is critical for bacterial fitness and pathogenesis. However, the systematic study and inhibition of bacterial glycosylation enzymes remains challenging. Bacteria produce glycans containing rare deoxy amino sugars refractory to traditional glycan analysis, complicating the study of bacterial glycans and the creation of glycosylation inhibitors. To ease the study of bacterial glycan function in the absence of detailed structural or enzyme information, we crafted metabolic inhibitors based on rare bacterial monosaccharide scaffolds. Metabolic inhibitors were assessed for their ability to interfere with glycan biosynthesis and fitness in pathogenic and symbiotic bacterial species. Three metabolic inhibitors led to dramatic structural and functional defects in Helicobacter pylori. Strikingly, these inhibitors acted in a bacteria-selective manner. These metabolic inhibitors will provide a platform for systematic study of bacterial glycosylation enzymes not currently possible with existing tools. Moreover, their selectivity will provide a pathway for the development of novel, narrow-spectrum antibiotics to treat infectious disease. Our inhibition approach is general and will expedite the identification of bacterial glycan biosynthesis inhibitors in a range of systems, expanding the glycochemistry toolkit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Williams
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College 6600 College Station Brunswick ME 04011 USA
| | - Kabita Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Ankita Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Ilana R Olin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College 6600 College Station Brunswick ME 04011 USA
| | - Owen T Tuck
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College 6600 College Station Brunswick ME 04011 USA
| | - Karen D Moulton
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College 6600 College Station Brunswick ME 04011 USA
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Danielle H Dube
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College 6600 College Station Brunswick ME 04011 USA
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8
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Bello C, Rovero P, Papini AM. Just a spoonful of sugar: Short glycans affect protein properties and functions. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3167. [PMID: 30924227 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation has a strong impact on the chemical and physical properties of proteins and on their activity. The heterogeneous nature of this modification complicates the elucidation of the role of each glycan, thus slowing down the progress in glycobiology. Nevertheless, the great advances recently made in protein engineering and in the chemical synthesis, and semisynthesis of glycoproteins are giving impulse to the field, fostering important discoveries. In this review, we report on the findings of the last two decades on the importance that the attachment site, linkage, and composition of short glycans have in affecting protein properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bello
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paolo Rovero
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Department of NeuroFarBa, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,PeptLab@UCP Platform and Laboratory of Chemical Biology EA4505, University Paris-Seine, Cergy-Pontoise CEDEX, France
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9
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Marcelino I, Colomé-Calls N, Holzmuller P, Lisacek F, Reynaud Y, Canals F, Vachiéry N. Sweet and Sour Ehrlichia: Glycoproteomics and Phosphoproteomics Reveal New Players in Ehrlichia ruminantium Physiology and Pathogenesis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:450. [PMID: 30930869 PMCID: PMC6429767 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Unraveling which proteins and post-translational modifications (PTMs) affect bacterial pathogenesis and physiology in diverse environments is a tough challenge. Herein, we used mass spectrometry-based assays to study protein phosphorylation and glycosylation in Ehrlichia ruminantium Gardel virulent (ERGvir) and attenuated (ERGatt) variants and, how they can modulate Ehrlichia biological processes. The characterization of the S/T/Y phosphoproteome revealed that both strains share the same set of phosphoproteins (n = 58), 36% being overexpressed in ERGvir. The percentage of tyrosine phosphorylation is high (23%) and 66% of the identified peptides are multi-phosphorylated. Glycoproteomics revealed a high percentage of glycoproteins (67% in ERGvir) with a subset of glycoproteins being specific to ERGvir (n = 64/371) and ERGatt (n = 36/343). These glycoproteins are involved in key biological processes such as protein, amino-acid and purine biosynthesis, translation, virulence, DNA repair, and replication. Label-free quantitative analysis revealed over-expression in 31 proteins in ERGvir and 8 in ERGatt. While further PNGase digestion confidently localized 2 and 5 N-glycoproteins in ERGvir and ERGatt, respectively, western blotting suggests that many glycoproteins are O-GlcNAcylated. Twenty-three proteins were detected in both the phospho- and glycoproteome, for the two variants. This work represents the first comprehensive assessment of PTMs on Ehrlichia biology, rising interesting questions regarding ER–host interactions. Phosphoproteome characterization demonstrates an increased versatility of ER phosphoproteins to participate in different mechanisms. The high number of glycoproteins and the lack of glycosyltransferases-coding genes highlight ER dependence on the host and/or vector cellular machinery for its own protein glycosylation. Moreover, these glycoproteins could be crucial to interact and respond to changes in ER environment. PTMs crosstalk between of O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation could be used as a major cellular signaling mechanism in ER. As little is known about the Ehrlichia proteins/proteome and its signaling biology, the results presented herein provide a useful resource for further hypothesis-driven exploration of Ehrlichia protein regulation by phosphorylation and glycosylation events. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the data set identifier PXD012589.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Marcelino
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Petit-Bourg, France.,ASTRE, CIRAD, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Unitè TReD-Path (Transmission Rèservoirs et Diversitè des Pathogènes), Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, France
| | - Núria Colomé-Calls
- Proteomics Laboratory, Vall Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Holzmuller
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Lisacek
- Proteome Informatics, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland.,Computer Science Department and Section of Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yann Reynaud
- Unitè TReD-Path (Transmission Rèservoirs et Diversitè des Pathogènes), Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, France
| | - Francesc Canals
- Proteomics Laboratory, Vall Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nathalie Vachiéry
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France
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10
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Kaundinya CR, Savithri HS, Rao KK, Balaji PV. EpsN from Bacillus subtilis 168 has UDP-2,6-dideoxy 2-acetamido 4-keto glucose aminotransferase activity in vitro. Glycobiology 2019; 28:802-812. [PMID: 29982582 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene epsN of Bacillus subtilis 168 was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant EpsN is shown to be a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent aminotransferase by absorption spectroscopy, l-cycloserine inhibition and reverse phase HPLC studies. EpsN catalyzes the conversion of UDP-2,6-dideoxy 2-acetamido 4-keto glucose to UDP-2,6-dideoxy 2-acetamido 4-amino glucose. Lys190 was found by sequence comparison and site-directed mutagenesis to form Schiff base with PLP. Mutagenesis studies showed that, in addition to Lys190, Ser185, Glu164, Gly58 and Thr59 are essential for aminotransferase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmayi R Kaundinya
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Handanahal S Savithri
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Krishnamurthy Rao
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Petety V Balaji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
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11
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Differential recognition of Haemophilus influenzae whole bacterial cells and isolated lipooligosaccharides by galactose-specific lectins. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16292. [PMID: 30389954 PMCID: PMC6215012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial surfaces are decorated with carbohydrate structures that may serve as ligands for host receptors. Based on their ability to recognize specific sugar epitopes, plant lectins are extensively used for bacteria typing. We previously observed that the galactose-specific agglutinins from Ricinus communis (RCA) and Viscum album (VAA) exhibited differential binding to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) clinical isolates, their binding being distinctly affected by truncation of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS). Here, we examined their binding to the structurally similar LOS molecules isolated from strains NTHi375 and RdKW20, using microarray binding assays, saturation transfer difference NMR, and molecular dynamics simulations. RCA bound the LOSRdKW20 glycoform displaying terminal Galβ(1,4)Glcβ, whereas VAA recognized the Galα(1,4)Galβ(1,4)Glcβ epitope in LOSNTHi375 but not in LOSRdKW20, unveiling a different presentation. Binding assays to whole bacterial cells were consistent with LOSNTHi375 serving as ligand for VAA, and also suggested recognition of the glycoprotein HMW1. Regarding RCA, comparable binding to NTHi375 and RdKW20 cells was observed. Interestingly, an increase in LOSNTHi375 abundance or expression of HMW1 in RdKW20 impaired RCA binding. Overall, the results revealed that, besides the LOS, other carbohydrate structures on the bacterial surface serve as lectin ligands, and highlighted the impact of the specific display of cell surface components on lectin binding.
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12
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Emmadi M, Kulkarni SS. Synthesis of Rare Deoxy Amino Sugar Building Blocks Enabled the Total Synthesis of a Polysaccharide Repeating Unit Analogue from the LPS of Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5T. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14323-14337. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Emmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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13
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Behera A, Kulkarni SS. Chemical Synthesis of Rare, Deoxy-Amino Sugars Containing Bacterial Glycoconjugates as Potential Vaccine Candidates. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081997. [PMID: 30103434 PMCID: PMC6222762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria often contain rare deoxy amino sugars which are absent in the host cells. This structural difference can be harnessed for the development of vaccines. Over the last fifteen years, remarkable progress has been made toward the development of novel and efficient protocols for obtaining the rare sugar building blocks and their stereoselective assembly to construct conjugation ready bacterial glycans. In this review, we discuss the total synthesis of a variety of rare sugar containing bacterial glycoconjugates which are potential vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archanamayee Behera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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14
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Wright MH. Chemical Proteomics of Host-Microbe Interactions. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700333. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan H. Wright
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; University of Leeds; Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom
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15
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Song W, Cai J, Zou X, Wang X, Hu J, Yin J. Applications of controlled inversion strategies in carbohydrate synthesis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Clark EL, Emmadi M, Krupp KL, Podilapu AR, Helble JD, Kulkarni SS, Dube DH. Development of Rare Bacterial Monosaccharide Analogs for Metabolic Glycan Labeling in Pathogenic Bacteria. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:3365-3373. [PMID: 27766829 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial glycans contain rare, exclusively bacterial monosaccharides that are frequently linked to pathogenesis and essentially absent from human cells. Therefore, bacterial glycans are intriguing molecular targets. However, systematic discovery of bacterial glycoproteins is hampered by the presence of rare deoxy amino sugars, which are refractory to traditional glycan-binding reagents. Thus, the development of chemical tools that label bacterial glycans is a crucial step toward discovering and targeting these biomolecules. Here, we explore the extent to which metabolic glycan labeling facilitates the studying and targeting of glycoproteins in a range of pathogenic and symbiotic bacterial strains. We began with an azide-containing analog of the naturally abundant monosaccharide N-acetylglucosamine and discovered that it is not broadly incorporated into bacterial glycans, thus revealing a need for additional azidosugar substrates to broaden the utility of metabolic glycan labeling in bacteria. Therefore, we designed and synthesized analogs of the rare deoxy amino d-sugars N-acetylfucosamine, bacillosamine, and 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxygalactose and established that these analogs are differentially incorporated into glycan-containing structures in a range of pathogenic and symbiotic bacterial species. Further application of these analogs will refine our knowledge of the glycan repertoire in diverse bacteria and may find utility in treating a variety of infectious diseases with selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L. Clark
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, Maine 04011, United States
| | - Madhu Emmadi
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Katharine L. Krupp
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, Maine 04011, United States
| | - Ananda R. Podilapu
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Jennifer D. Helble
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, Maine 04011, United States
| | - Suvarn S. Kulkarni
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Danielle H. Dube
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, Maine 04011, United States
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17
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Abstract
Chemical tools have accelerated progress in glycoscience, reducing experimental barriers to studying protein glycosylation, the most widespread and complex form of posttranslational modification. For example, chemical glycoproteomics technologies have enabled the identification of specific glycosylation sites and glycan structures that modulate protein function in a number of biological processes. This field is now entering a stage of logarithmic growth, during which chemical innovations combined with mass spectrometry advances could make it possible to fully characterize the human glycoproteome. In this review, we describe the important role that chemical glycoproteomics methods are playing in such efforts. We summarize developments in four key areas: enrichment of glycoproteins and glycopeptides from complex mixtures, emphasizing methods that exploit unique chemical properties of glycans or introduce unnatural functional groups through metabolic labeling and chemoenzymatic tagging; identification of sites of protein glycosylation; targeted glycoproteomics; and functional glycoproteomics, with a focus on probing interactions between glycoproteins and glycan-binding proteins. Our goal with this survey is to provide a foundation on which continued technological advancements can be made to promote further explorations of protein glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan K. Palaniappan
- Verily Life Sciences, 269 East Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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18
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O'Neill EC, Trick M, Hill L, Rejzek M, Dusi RG, Hamilton CJ, Zimba PV, Henrissat B, Field RA. The transcriptome of Euglena gracilis reveals unexpected metabolic capabilities for carbohydrate and natural product biochemistry. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:2808-20. [PMID: 26289754 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00319a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Euglena gracilis is a highly complex alga belonging to the green plant line that shows characteristics of both plants and animals, while in evolutionary terms it is most closely related to the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma and Leishmania. This well-studied organism has long been known as a rich source of vitamins A, C and E, as well as amino acids that are essential for the human diet. Here we present de novo transcriptome sequencing and preliminary analysis, providing a basis for the molecular and functional genomics studies that will be required to direct metabolic engineering efforts aimed at enhancing the quality and quantity of high value products from E. gracilis. The transcriptome contains over 30,000 protein-encoding genes, supporting metabolic pathways for lipids, amino acids, carbohydrates and vitamins, along with capabilities for polyketide and non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis. The metabolic and environmental robustness of Euglena is supported by a substantial capacity for responding to biotic and abiotic stress: it has the capacity to deploy three separate pathways for vitamin C (ascorbate) production, as well as producing vitamin E (α-tocopherol) and, in addition to glutathione, the redox-active thiols nor-trypanothione and ovothiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellis C O'Neill
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
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19
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Kalograiaki I, Euba B, Proverbio D, Campanero-Rhodes MA, Aastrup T, Garmendia J, Solís D. Combined Bacteria Microarray and Quartz Crystal Microbalance Approach for Exploring Glycosignatures of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and Recognition by Host Lectins. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5950-7. [PMID: 27176788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of bacterial surface epitopes by host receptors plays an important role in the infectious process and is intimately associated with bacterial virulence. Delineation of bacteria-host interactions commonly relies on the detection of binding events between purified bacteria- and host-target molecules. In this work, we describe a combined microarray and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) approach for the analysis of carbohydrate-mediated interactions directly on the bacterial surface, thus preserving the native environment of the bacterial targets. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) was selected as a model pathogenic species not displaying a polysaccharide capsule or O-antigen-containing lipopolysaccharide, a trait commonly found in several important respiratory pathogens. Here, we demonstrate the usefulness of NTHi microarrays for exploring the presence of carbohydrate structures on the bacterial surface. Furthermore, the microarray approach is shown to be efficient for detecting strain-selective binding of three innate immune lectins, namely, surfactant protein D, human galectin-8, and Siglec-14, to different NTHi clinical isolates. In parallel, QCM bacteria-chips were developed for the analysis of lectin-binding kinetics and affinity. This novel QCM approach involves capture of NTHi on lectin-derivatized chips followed by formaldehyde fixation, rendering the bacteria an integrated part of the sensor chip, and subsequent binding assays with label-free lectins. The binding parameters obtained for selected NTHi-lectin pairs provide further insights into the interactions occurring at the bacterial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Kalograiaki
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC , Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Avda Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Euba
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Avda Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Agrobiotecnología , CSIC-UPNa-Gobierno Navarra, Avda Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | | | - María A Campanero-Rhodes
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC , Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Avda Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Junkal Garmendia
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Avda Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Agrobiotecnología , CSIC-UPNa-Gobierno Navarra, Avda Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Dolores Solís
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC , Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Avda Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Sanapala SR, Kulkarni SS. Expedient Route To Access Rare Deoxy Amino l-Sugar Building Blocks for the Assembly of Bacterial Glycoconjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4938-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Someswara Rao Sanapala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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21
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Abstract
There is an ongoing race between bacterial evolution and medical advances. Pathogens have the advantages of short generation times and horizontal gene transfer that enable rapid adaptation to new host environments and therapeutics that currently outpaces clinical research. Antibiotic resistance, the growing impact of nosocomial infections, cancer-causing bacteria, the risk of zoonosis, and the possibility of biowarfare all emphasize the increasingly urgent need for medical research focussed on bacterial pathogens. Bacterial glycoproteins are promising targets for alternative therapeutic intervention since they are often surface exposed, involved in host-pathogen interactions, required for virulence, and contain distinctive glycan structures. The potential exists to exploit these unique structures to improve clinical prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Translation of the potential in this field to actual clinical impact is an exciting prospect for fighting infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Fulton
- a Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio , National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Jeffrey C Smith
- b Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry , Carleton University , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Susan M Twine
- a Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio , National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
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22
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Identification of sialylated glycoproteins from metabolically oligosaccharide engineered pancreatic cells. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:11. [PMID: 25987888 PMCID: PMC4434541 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the use of metabolic oligosaccharide engineering and bio-orthogonal ligation reactions combined with lectin microarray and mass spectrometry to analyze sialoglycoproteins in the SW1990 human pancreatic cancer line. Specifically, cells were treated with the azido N-acetylmannosamine analog, 1,3,4-Bu3ManNAz, to label sialoglycoproteins with azide-modified sialic acids. The metabolically labeled sialoglyproteins were then biotinylated via the Staudinger ligation, and sialoglycopeptides containing azido-sialic acid glycans were immobilized to a solid support. The peptides linked to metabolically labeled sialylated glycans were then released from sialoglycopeptides and analyzed by mass spectrometry; in parallel, the glycans from azido-sialoglycoproteins were characterized by lectin microarrays. This method identified 75 unique N-glycosite-containing peptides from 55 different metabolically labeled sialoglycoproteins of which 42 were previously linked to cancer in the literature. A comparison of two of these glycoproteins, LAMP1 and ORP150, in histological tumor samples showed overexpression of these proteins in the cancerous tissue demonstrating that our approach constitutes a viable strategy to identify and discover sialoglycoproteins associated with cancer, which can serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis or targets for therapy.
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23
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Emmadi M, Kulkarni SS. Total synthesis of the bacillosamine containing α-l-serine linked trisaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis. Carbohydr Res 2014; 399:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Lu Q, Yao Q, Xu Y, Li L, Li S, Liu Y, Gao W, Niu M, Sharon M, Ben-Nissan G, Zamyatina A, Liu X, Chen S, Shao F. An Iron-Containing Dodecameric Heptosyltransferase Family Modifies Bacterial Autotransporters in Pathogenesis. Cell Host Microbe 2014; 16:351-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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25
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Podilapu AR, Kulkarni SS. First Synthesis of Bacillus cereus Ch HF-PS Cell Wall Trisaccharide Repeating Unit. Org Lett 2014; 16:4336-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5021527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Rao Podilapu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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26
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Emmadi M, Kulkarni SS. Recent advances in synthesis of bacterial rare sugar building blocks and their applications. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:870-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00003j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This Highlight describes recent advances in the synthesis of the bacterial deoxy amino hexopyranoside building blocks and their application in constructing various biologically important bacterial O-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Emmadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai, India
| | - Suvarn S. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai, India
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27
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Iwashkiw JA, Vozza NF, Kinsella RL, Feldman MF. Pour some sugar on it: the expanding world of bacterial proteinO-linked glycosylation. Mol Microbiol 2013; 89:14-28. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A. Iwashkiw
- Alberta Glycomics Centre; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Alberta; CW405 Biological Sciences Building; Edmonton; Alberta; Canada; T6G 2E9
| | - Nicolas F. Vozza
- Alberta Glycomics Centre; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Alberta; CW405 Biological Sciences Building; Edmonton; Alberta; Canada; T6G 2E9
| | - Rachel L. Kinsella
- Alberta Glycomics Centre; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Alberta; CW405 Biological Sciences Building; Edmonton; Alberta; Canada; T6G 2E9
| | - Mario F. Feldman
- Alberta Glycomics Centre; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Alberta; CW405 Biological Sciences Building; Edmonton; Alberta; Canada; T6G 2E9
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28
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Champasa K, Longwell SA, Eldridge AM, Stemmler EA, Dube DH. Targeted identification of glycosylated proteins in the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori (Hp). Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:2568-86. [PMID: 23754784 PMCID: PMC3769331 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.029561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Virulence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is directly linked to the pathogen's ability to glycosylate proteins; for example, Hp flagellin proteins are heavily glycosylated with the unusual nine-carbon sugar pseudaminic acid, and this modification is absolutely essential for Hp to synthesize functional flagella and colonize the host's stomach. Although Hp's glycans are linked to pathogenesis, Hp's glycome remains poorly understood; only the two flagellin glycoproteins have been firmly characterized in Hp. Evidence from our laboratory suggests that Hp synthesizes a large number of as-yet unidentified glycoproteins. Here we set out to discover Hp's glycoproteins by coupling glycan metabolic labeling with mass spectrometry analysis. An assessment of the subcellular distribution of azide-labeled proteins by Western blot analysis indicated that glycoproteins are present throughout Hp and may therefore serve diverse functions. To identify these species, Hp's azide-labeled glycoproteins were tagged via Staudinger ligation, enriched by tandem affinity chromatography, and analyzed by multidimensional protein identification technology. Direct comparison of enriched azide-labeled glycoproteins with a mock-enriched control by both SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry-based analyses confirmed the selective enrichment of azide-labeled glycoproteins. We identified 125 candidate glycoproteins with diverse biological functions, including those linked with pathogenesis. Mass spectrometry analyses of enriched azide-labeled glycoproteins before and after cleavage of O-linked glycans revealed the presence of Staudinger ligation-glycan adducts in samples only after beta-elimination, confirming the synthesis of O-linked glycoproteins in Hp. Finally, the secreted colonization factors urease alpha and urease beta were biochemically validated as glycosylated proteins via Western blot analysis as well as by mass spectrometry analysis of cleaved glycan products. These data set the stage for the development of glycosylation-based therapeutic strategies, such as new vaccines based on natively glycosylated Hp proteins, to eradicate Hp infection. Broadly, this report validates metabolic labeling as an effective and efficient approach for the identification of bacterial glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Champasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, Maine 04011, USA
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