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Ibrahimou B, Hasan KT, Burchfield S, Salihu H, Zhu Y, Dagne G, De La Rosa M, Melesse A, Lucchini R, Bursac Z. Assessing the Risk of Heart Attack: A Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression Analysis of Heavy Metal Mixtures. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4456611. [PMID: 38946989 PMCID: PMC11213216 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4456611/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background The assessment of heavy metals' effects on human health is frequently limited to investigating one metal or a group of related metals. The effect of heavy metals mixture on heart attack is unknown. Methods This study applied the Bayesian kernel machine regression model (BKMR) to the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data to investigate the association between heavy metal mixture exposure with heart attack. 2972 participants over the age of 20 were included in the study. Results Results indicate that heart attack patients have higher levels of cadmium and lead in the blood and cadmium, cobalt, and tin in the urine, while having lower levels of mercury, manganese, and selenium in the blood and manganese, barium, tungsten, and strontium in the urine. The estimated risk of heart attack showed a negative association of 0.0030 units when all the metals were at their 25th percentile compared to their 50th percentile and a positive association of 0.0285 units when all the metals were at their 75th percentile compared to their 50th percentile. The results suggest that heavy metal exposure, especially cadmium and lead, may increase the risk of heart attacks. Conclusions This study suggests a possible association between heavy metal mixture exposure and heart attack and, additionally, demonstrates how the BKMR model can be used to investigate new combinations of exposures in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boubakari Ibrahimou
- Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Department of Biostatistics
| | - Kazi Tanvir Hasan
- Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Department of Biostatistics
| | - Shelbie Burchfield
- Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Department of Biostatistics
| | - Hamisu Salihu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research
| | - Yiliang Zhu
- University of New Mexico, Clinical and Translational Science Center
| | | | - Mario De La Rosa
- Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Assefa Melesse
- Florida International University, College of Arts, Sciences & Education, Department of Earth and Environment
| | - Roberto Lucchini
- Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Department of Environmental Health Sciences
| | - Zoran Bursac
- Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Department of Biostatistics
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2
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Collette D, Dunlap D, Finzi L. Macromolecular Crowding and DNA: Bridging the Gap between In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17502. [PMID: 38139331 PMCID: PMC10744201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular environment is highly crowded, with up to 40% of the volume fraction of the cell occupied by various macromolecules. Most laboratory experiments take place in dilute buffer solutions; by adding various synthetic or organic macromolecules, researchers have begun to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo measurements. This is a review of the reported effects of macromolecular crowding on the compaction and extension of DNA, the effect of macromolecular crowding on DNA kinetics, and protein-DNA interactions. Theoretical models related to macromolecular crowding and DNA are briefly reviewed. Gaps in the literature, including the use of biologically relevant crowders, simultaneous use of multi-sized crowders, empirical connections between macromolecular crowding and liquid-liquid phase separation of nucleic materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Finzi
- Department of Physics, College of Arts & Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (D.C.); (D.D.)
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3
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You Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Cao Q. Mitigation role of physical exercise participation in the relationship between blood cadmium and sleep disturbance: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1465. [PMID: 37525176 PMCID: PMC10391747 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxicity of heavy metals received increasingly attention in recent years. Sleeping is regulated and coordinated by nervous system, however, the health hazard of heavy metal like cadmium (Cd) exposure on sleep health remained unknown. Rescue strategies like physical exercise (PE) has emerged to mitigate such influence. An epidemiological design with cross-sectional data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010 was applied. The relationship between three blood heavy metals [cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg)] and sleep disturbance was analyzed. A total of 8,751 participants were finally included in and the weighted participants were 330,239,463. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression indicated that mixed blood metals were positively related to risk of sleep disturbance and the mixture effect of exposure to heavy metals was mainly attributable to Cd (89.1%). Weighted logistic regression showed a significant positive association between the highest quartile of blood Cd and sleep disturbance [(OR (95% CI)): 1.191 (1.014,1.400), p = 0.036] in the fully adjusted model, while no association was found under Pb and Hg exposure. In the association between Q3 and Q4 level of blood Cd and sleep disturbance, moderate-to-vigorous physical exercise group had lower risks than none and low exercise group. In the restricted cubic spline model, it was also verified that higher PE participation was associated with the lowest incidence of sleep disturbance with the increment in Cd concentration. Our study suggested that both policy makers and the public should minimize heavy metal exposure. Moreover, conducting moderate to vigorous physical exercise is a protecting factor to mitigate Cd's influence on sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuquan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yangchang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100169, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Undergraduate Department, Taishan University, Taian, 250111, China
| | - Yaohui Yu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau, 999078, China.
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4
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Dissanayake DMDC, Kumari WMNH, Chandrasekharan NV, Wijayarathna CD. Isolation of heavy metal-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain TWSL_22 and evaluation of heavy metal bioremediation potential of recombinant E. coli cloned with isolated cadD. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad092. [PMID: 37708035 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A heavy metal-resistant bacterial strain, TWSL_22 was isolated from an industrial effluent sample and tested for heavy metal tolerance and resistance. The strain was molecularly characterized as Staphylococcus epidermidis based on 16S rDNA gene analysis and the sequence was deposited in the NCBI repository (accession number KT184893.1). Metal removal activity (P < .001) of TWSL_22 was 99.99 ± 0.001%, 74.43 ± 2.51%, and 51.16 ± 4.17% for Cd, Pb, and Cu, respectively. Highest MIC was observed for Cd. Antibiotic susceptibility assays revealed the strain TWSL_22 to be resistant to several antibiotics. The strain was screened for possible heavy metal-resistant genes and presence of cadA, copA, and cadD was confirmed by PCR. A DNA fragment containing complete sequence of cadD (618 bp) was isolated and cloned into pET 21a(+), transformed into E. coli BL21 and designated as E. coli/cadDET. E. coli/cadDET showed high metal tolerance capacity and could remove over 82% of heavy metals (Zn2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Cr3+) in the industrial effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M D C Dissanayake
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, PO Box 1490, Cumarathunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - W M N H Kumari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Durdans Hospitals, No 3 Alfred Road, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - N V Chandrasekharan
- Sri Lanka Institute of Biotechnology, Thalagala road, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka
| | - C D Wijayarathna
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, PO Box 1490, Cumarathunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
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5
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Choi TS, Tezcan FA. Design of a Flexible, Zn-Selective Protein Scaffold that Displays Anti-Irving-Williams Behavior. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18090-18100. [PMID: 36154053 PMCID: PMC9949983 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Selective metal binding is a key requirement not only for the functions of natural metalloproteins but also for the potential applications of artificial metalloproteins in heterogeneous environments such as cells and environmental samples. The selection of transition-metal ions through protein design can, in principle, be achieved through the appropriate choice and the precise positioning of amino acids that comprise the primary metal coordination sphere. However, this task is made difficult by the intrinsic flexibility of proteins and the fact that protein design approaches generally lack the sub-Å precision required for the steric selection of metal ions. We recently introduced a flexible/probabilistic protein design strategy (MASCoT) that allows metal ions to search for optimal coordination geometry within a flexible, yet covalently constrained dimer interface. In an earlier proof-of-principle study, we used MASCoT to generate an artificial metalloprotein dimer, (AB)2, which selectively bound CoII and NiII over CuII (as well as other first-row transition-metal ions) through the imposition of a rigid octahedral coordination geometry, thus countering the Irving-Williams trend. In this study, we set out to redesign (AB)2 to examine the applicability of MASCoT to the selective binding of other metal ions. We report here the design and characterization of a new flexible protein dimer, B2, which displays ZnII selectivity over all other tested metal ions including CuII both in vitro and in cellulo. Selective, anti-Irving-Williams ZnII binding by B2 is achieved through the formation of a unique trinuclear Zn coordination motif in which His and Glu residues are rigidly placed in a tetrahedral geometry. These results highlight the utility of protein flexibility in the design and discovery of selective binding motifs.
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6
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Lešková A, Javot H, Giehl RFH. Metal crossroads in plants: modulation of nutrient acquisition and root development by essential trace metals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1751-1765. [PMID: 34791130 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The metals iron, zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum, and nickel are essential for the growth and development of virtually all plant species. Although these elements are required at relatively low amounts, natural factors and anthropogenic activities can significantly affect their availability in soils, inducing deficiencies or toxicities in plants. Because essential trace metals can shape root systems and interfere with the uptake and signaling mechanisms of other nutrients, the non-optimal availability of any of them can induce multi-element changes in plants. Interference by one essential trace metal with the acquisition of another metal or a non-metal nutrient can occur prior to or during root uptake. Essential trace metals can also indirectly impact the plant's ability to capture soil nutrients by targeting distinct root developmental programs and hormone-related processes, consequently inducing largely metal-specific changes in root systems. The presence of metal binding domains in many regulatory proteins also enables essential trace metals to coordinate nutrient uptake by acting at high levels in hierarchical signaling cascades. Here, we summarize the known molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying trace metal-dependent modulation of nutrient acquisition and root development, and highlight the importance of considering multi-element interactions to breed crops better adapted to non-optimal trace metal availabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lešková
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institut of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Hélène Javot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institut of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
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7
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He J, Rössner N, Hoang MTT, Alejandro S, Peiter E. Transport, functions, and interaction of calcium and manganese in plant organellar compartments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1940-1972. [PMID: 35235665 PMCID: PMC8890496 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) and manganese (Mn2+) are essential elements for plants and have similar ionic radii and binding coordination. They are assigned specific functions within organelles, but share many transport mechanisms to cross organellar membranes. Despite their points of interaction, those elements are usually investigated and reviewed separately. This review takes them out of this isolation. It highlights our current mechanistic understanding and points to open questions of their functions, their transport, and their interplay in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), vesicular compartments (Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, pre-vacuolar compartment), vacuoles, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Complex processes demanding these cations, such as Mn2+-dependent glycosylation or systemic Ca2+ signaling, are covered in some detail if they have not been reviewed recently or if recent findings add to current models. The function of Ca2+ as signaling agent released from organelles into the cytosol and within the organelles themselves is a recurrent theme of this review, again keeping the interference by Mn2+ in mind. The involvement of organellar channels [e.g. glutamate receptor-likes (GLR), cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC), mitochondrial conductivity units (MCU), and two-pore channel1 (TPC1)], transporters (e.g. natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMP), Ca2+ exchangers (CAX), metal tolerance proteins (MTP), and bivalent cation transporters (BICAT)], and pumps [autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPases (ACA) and ER Ca2+-ATPases (ECA)] in the import and export of organellar Ca2+ and Mn2+ is scrutinized, whereby current controversial issues are pointed out. Mechanisms in animals and yeast are taken into account where they may provide a blueprint for processes in plants, in particular, with respect to tunable molecular mechanisms of Ca2+ versus Mn2+ selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nico Rössner
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Minh T T Hoang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Santiago Alejandro
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Author for communication:
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8
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Qi Y, Yang X, Jia S, Shen B, Zhao J, Wan Y, Zhong H. A Soft Evaporation and Ionization Technique for Mass Spectrometric Analysis and Bio-Imaging of Metal Ions in Plants Based on Metal-Iodide Cluster Ionization. Anal Chem 2021; 93:15597-15606. [PMID: 34762390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protonation/deprotonation is the well-recognized mass spectrometric mechanism in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization of organic molecules but not for metal ions with different oxidation states. We describe herein a soft evaporation and ionization technique for metal ions based on iodination/de-iodination in metal-iodide cluster ionization (MICI). It is not only able to determine identities and oxidation states of metal ions but also reveal spatial distributions and isotope ratios in response to physiological or environmental changes. A long chain alcohol 1-tetradecanol with no functional groups that can absorb laser irradiation was used to cover and prevent samples from direct laser ablation. Upon the irradiation of the third harmonic Nd3+:YAG (355 nm, 3 ns), iohexol containing three covalently bonded iodine atoms instantly generates negative iodide ions that can quantitatively form clusters with at least 14 essential metal ions present in plants. The detection limits vary with different metal ions down to low fmol. MICI eliminates the atomization process that obscures metal charges in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Because only metal ions can be iodinated with iohexol, interferences from the abundant organic molecules of plants that are confronted by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) are also greatly decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Qi
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Baojie Shen
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wan
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Zhong
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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9
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Bloom AJ, Plant RE. Wheat grain yield decreased over the past 35 years, but protein content did not change. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6811-6821. [PMID: 34318881 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The extent to which rising atmospheric CO2 concentration has already influenced food production and quality is uncertain. Here, we analyzed annual field trials of autumn-planted common wheat in California from 1985 to 2019, a period during which the global atmospheric CO2 concentration increased 19%. Even after accounting for other major factors (cultivar, location, degree-days, soil temperature, total water applied, nitrogen fertilization, and pathogen infestation), wheat grain yield and protein yield declined 13% over this period, but grain protein content did not change. These results suggest that exposure to gradual CO2 enrichment over the past 35 years has adversely affected wheat grain and protein yield, but not grain protein content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold J Bloom
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Richard E Plant
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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10
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Tian C, Wen B, Bian M, Jin M, Wang P, Xu L, Zhu G. From a dimer to a monomer: Construction of a chimeric monomeric isocitrate dehydrogenase. Protein Sci 2021; 30:2396-2407. [PMID: 34647384 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs) are dimeric enzymes whose catalytic sites are located at the intersubunit interface, whereas monomeric IDHs form catalytic sites with single polypeptide chains. It was proposed that monomeric IDHs were evolved from dimeric ones by partial gene duplication and fusion, but the evolutionary process had not been reproduced in laboratory. To construct a chimeric monomeric IDH from homo-dimeric one, it is necessary to reconstitute an active center by a duplicated region; to properly link the duplicated region to the rest part; and to optimize the newly formed protein surface. In this study, a chimeric monomeric IDH was successfully constructed by using homo-dimeric Escherichia coli IDH as a start point by rational design and site-saturation mutagenesis. The ~67 kDa chimeric enzyme behaved as a monomer in solution, with a Km of 61 μM and a kcat of 15 s-1 for isocitrate in the presence of NADP+ and Mn2+ . Our result demonstrated that dimeric IDHs have a potential to evolve monomeric ones. The evolution of the IDH family was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Tian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Mingjie Bian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Jin
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-molecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Guoping Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
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11
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Lin SN, Wuite GJ, Dame RT. Effect of Different Crowding Agents on the Architectural Properties of the Bacterial Nucleoid-Associated Protein HU. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249553. [PMID: 33334011 PMCID: PMC7765392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
HU is a nucleoid-associated protein expressed in most eubacteria at a high amount of copies (tens of thousands). The protein is believed to bind across the genome to organize and compact the DNA. Most of the studies on HU have been carried out in a simple in vitro system, and to what extent these observations can be extrapolated to a living cell is unclear. In this study, we investigate the DNA binding properties of HU under conditions approximating physiological ones. We report that these properties are influenced by both macromolecular crowding and salt conditions. We use three different crowding agents (blotting grade blocker (BGB), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG8000)) as well as two different MgCl2 conditions to mimic the intracellular environment. Using tethered particle motion (TPM), we show that the transition between two binding regimes, compaction and extension of the HU protein, is strongly affected by crowding agents. Our observations suggest that magnesium ions enhance the compaction of HU–DNA and suppress filamentation, while BGB and BSA increase the local concentration of the HU protein by more than 4-fold. Moreover, BGB and BSA seem to suppress filament formation. On the other hand, PEG8000 is not a good crowding agent for concentrations above 9% (w/v), because it might interact with DNA, the protein, and/or surfaces. Together, these results reveal a complex interplay between the HU protein and the various crowding agents that should be taken into consideration when using crowding agents to mimic an in vivo system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ning Lin
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs J.L. Wuite
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- LaserLaB Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (G.J.L.W.); (R.T.D.)
| | - Remus T. Dame
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Centre for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (G.J.L.W.); (R.T.D.)
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12
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Duan W, Xu C, Liu Q, Xu J, Weng Z, Zhang X, Basnet TB, Dahal M, Gu A. Levels of a mixture of heavy metals in blood and urine and all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality: A population-based cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114630. [PMID: 33618481 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
People are exposed to heavy metals in many ways during the course of their daily life. However, the effect of mixtures of heavy metals on mortality in the U.S. general population is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between heavy metal concentrations (blood [lead, cadmium and mercury] and urine [barium, cadmium, cobalt, cesium, molybdenum, lead, antimony, titanium, tungsten and uranium]) and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2014. Poisson regression was performed to analyze the associations between single-metal and multimetal exposure and mortality. The following variables were adjusted as covariates: demographic variables (age, education, sex and ethnicity), anthropometric variables (body mass index), lifestyle variables (family income, serum cotinine category and physical activity) and medical comorbidities (CVD and diabetes). A total of 26,056 subjects from the NHANES were included in the present study (mean follow-up, 7.4 years). The age of the participants ranged from 20 to 85 years. The blood metal mixture was associated with all-cause mortality (RR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.25, 1.51), CVD mortality (RR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.06, 1.94) and cancer mortality (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.12, 1.76) and cadmium had the highest weight in the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression for all associations. The urinary metal mixture was associated with an increased risk of all-cause (RR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.30, 1.68) and cancer mortality (RR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.02, 2.52). Sex differences were found in the associations of both blood and urine metal mixtures with cancer mortality. Our study suggests a potential positive association for the concentrations of heavy metal mixtures with overall, CVD and cancer mortality based on a large sample of the U.S. general population. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to confirm these important findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Duan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenkun Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Til Bahadur Basnet
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Maginsh Dahal
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Khan N, Chen X, Geiger JD. Role of Divalent Cations in HIV-1 Replication and Pathogenicity. Viruses 2020; 12:E471. [PMID: 32326317 PMCID: PMC7232465 DOI: 10.3390/v12040471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Divalent cations are essential for life and are fundamentally important coordinators of cellular metabolism, cell growth, host-pathogen interactions, and cell death. Specifically, for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), divalent cations are required for interactions between viral and host factors that govern HIV-1 replication and pathogenicity. Homeostatic regulation of divalent cations' levels and actions appear to change as HIV-1 infection progresses and as changes occur between HIV-1 and the host. In people living with HIV-1, dietary supplementation with divalent cations may increase HIV-1 replication, whereas cation chelation may suppress HIV-1 replication and decrease disease progression. Here, we review literature on the roles of zinc (Zn2+), iron (Fe2+), manganese (Mn2+), magnesium (Mg2+), selenium (Se2+), and copper (Cu2+) in HIV-1 replication and pathogenicity, as well as evidence that divalent cation levels and actions may be targeted therapeutically in people living with HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan D. Geiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA; (N.K.); (X.C.)
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14
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Alejandro S, Höller S, Meier B, Peiter E. Manganese in Plants: From Acquisition to Subcellular Allocation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:300. [PMID: 32273877 PMCID: PMC7113377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient for plant growth and development and sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments. The metal is an essential cofactor for the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of the photosynthetic machinery, catalyzing the water-splitting reaction in photosystem II (PSII). Despite the importance of Mn for photosynthesis and other processes, the physiological relevance of Mn uptake and compartmentation in plants has been underrated. The subcellular Mn homeostasis to maintain compartmented Mn-dependent metabolic processes like glycosylation, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis is mediated by a multitude of transport proteins from diverse gene families. However, Mn homeostasis may be disturbed under suboptimal or excessive Mn availability. Mn deficiency is a serious, widespread plant nutritional disorder in dry, well-aerated and calcareous soils, as well as in soils containing high amounts of organic matter, where bio-availability of Mn can decrease far below the level that is required for normal plant growth. By contrast, Mn toxicity occurs on poorly drained and acidic soils in which high amounts of Mn are rendered available. Consequently, plants have evolved mechanisms to tightly regulate Mn uptake, trafficking, and storage. This review provides a comprehensive overview, with a focus on recent advances, on the multiple functions of transporters involved in Mn homeostasis, as well as their regulatory mechanisms in the plant's response to different conditions of Mn availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alejandro
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | | | | | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
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15
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The Biochemical Properties of Manganese in Plants. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100381. [PMID: 31569811 PMCID: PMC6843630 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient with many functional roles in plant metabolism. Manganese acts as an activator and co-factor of hundreds of metalloenzymes in plants. Because of its ability to readily change oxidation state in biological systems, Mn plays and important role in a broad range of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, including redox reactions, phosphorylation, decarboxylation, and hydrolysis. Manganese(II) is the prevalent oxidation state of Mn in plants and exhibits fast ligand exchange kinetics, which means that Mn can often be substituted by other metal ions, such as Mg(II), which has similar ion characteristics and requirements to the ligand environment of the metal binding sites. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms catalyzed by Mn and regulation of Mn insertion into the active site of Mn-dependent enzymes, in the presence of other metals, is gradually evolving. This review presents an overview of the chemistry and biochemistry of Mn in plants, including an updated list of known Mn-dependent enzymes, together with enzymes where Mn has been shown to exchange with other metal ions. Furthermore, the current knowledge of the structure and functional role of the three most well characterized Mn-containing metalloenzymes in plants; the oxygen evolving complex of photosystem II, Mn superoxide dismutase, and oxalate oxidase is summarized.
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16
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Magnesium-Induced Cell Survival Is Dependent on TRPM7 Expression and Function. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:528-538. [PMID: 31392516 PMCID: PMC6968994 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mg2+ homeostasis is essential for cell survival and the loss of this regulation has been associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, including loss of dopaminergic neurons. Although the neurotoxin-mediated loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson disease models is extensively studied, the ion channel(s) that regulate Mg2+ homeostasis and thus could prevent neuronal cell death is not yet identified. Here, we show that TRPM7 (transient receptor potential melastatin 7) is involved in regulating Mg2+ homeostasis in dopaminergic cells. Importantly, transient loss of TRPM7 decreased intracellular Mg2+ levels and decreased dopaminergic cells/neurons survival. We provide further evidence that both increases in extracellular Mg2+ or transiently increasing TRPM7 levels protected dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells against neurotoxin-mediated cell death. Neurotoxin treatment significantly decreased TRPM7 levels in both SH-SY5Y cells and the substantia nigra pars compacta region of mice, along with a decrease in Mg2+ influx. Moreover, Mg2+ supplementation showed a concentration-dependent decrease in caspase-3 activity, an increase in cell survival, restored mitochondrial membrane potential, and increase TRPM7 levels in neurotoxin-treated cells. In contrast, transient silencing of TRPM7 inhibited the positive effect of Mg2+ supplementation in protecting against neurotoxins. Whereas, TRPM7 overexpression not only maintained Mg2+ homeostasis but also inhibited caspase 3 activity that induced cell survival. Overall, these results suggest a significant role of TRPM7 channels in Mg2+ homeostasis and the survival of neurotoxin-induced loss of dopaminergic cells.
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