1
|
Arab-Bafrani Z, Zabihi E, Hoseini SM, Sepehri H, Khalili M. Silver nanoparticles modify hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis and block cortisol response to an acute stress in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:201-209. [PMID: 35343814 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221086128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at assessing the effects of exposure to silver nanoparticle (AgNP) and a subsequent acute stress on the expression of various genes involved in the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis in zebrafish, Danio rerio. The fish were exposed to 0 (Control), 0.1 (LC), 0.4 (MC), and 1.2 (HC) mg Ag/L (as AgNP) over a 2-week period, followed by an acute air exposure stress. The whole body cortisol and the expression of selected genes in the fish brain and kidney were analyzed, before and after the acute stress. The results showed that AgNP increased basal cortisol levels and the expression of corticotropin releasing factor, prohormone convertase 1, pro-opiomelanocortin, and melanocortin 2 receptor; however, it suppressed/inhibited whole body cortisol, brain corticotropin releasing factor responses, pro-opiomelanocortin, and the kidney melanocortin 2 receptor responses to the acute stress. AgNP down-regulated the expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, but it intensified the gene expression in response to the acute stress. Before the acute stress, LC treatment exhibited an up-regulation in Cytochrome P450-11A-1 expression, but MC and HC treatments induced down-regulation. After the acute stress, the AgNP-exposed fish exhibited decreased Cytochrome P450-11A-1 expressions, compared with the Control. Exposure to AgNP significantly increased Cytochrome P450-11B expression. However, after the acute stress, LC treatment exhibited an up-regulation, but MC and HC treatments exhibited down-regulation in the Cytochrome P450-11B gene expression. In conclusion, AgNP suppressed cortisol response to stress, which appears to be a consequence of alterations in the HPI axis at the transcriptomic levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, 125691Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 125691Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Erfan Zabihi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, 125691Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, 163003Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Sepehri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, 125691Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Stem Cell Research Center, 125691Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, 125691Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mason MW, Bertucci EM, Leri FM, Parrott BB. Transient Copper Exposure During Embryogenesis and Temperature Affect Developmental Rate, Survival, and Fin Regeneration in Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:748-757. [PMID: 34918380 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Combined environmental stressors that an organism experiences can have both immediate and lasting consequences. In the present study, we exposed Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos to sublethal copper sulfate (CuSO4 ; 0, 10, and 100 ppb) in combination with different rearing temperatures (27, 30, and 33 °C) to assess acute and latent effects on development, growth, and regenerative capacity. Embryos exposed to CuSO4 and/or higher temperatures hatched significantly earlier. At 4 months post-exposure, fish exposed to low levels of CuSO4 during development had higher survival, whereas fish exposed to both 100 ppb CuSO4 and 33 °C temperatures had significantly lower survival. In addition, a sex-specific effect of embryonic CuSO4 exposure was observed as female mass decreased with increasing Cu dose. We also assessed caudal fin regenerative capabilities in both embryo-exposed fish at 4 months of age and adult medaka that were exposed to 0, 10, and 100 ppb CuSO4 at room temperature during a 14-day trial. Whereas fin regeneration was unaffected by adult exposure to Cu, fish transiently exposed during embryogenesis displayed an initial increase in fin growth rate and an increased incidence of abnormal fin morphology following regrowth. Collectively, these data suggest that developmental Cu exposure has the potential to exert long-lasting impacts to organismal growth, survival, and function. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:748-757. © 2021 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn W Mason
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
| | - Emily M Bertucci
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Faith M Leri
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Benjamin B Parrott
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schmölz K, Bottarin R, Felber A, Lassacher F, Lehne F, Mark W, Niederwanger M, Niedrist GH, Oberarzbacher S, Pelster B, Peron A, Persiano S, Schletterer M, Schwarzenberger R, Scotti A, Thaler M, Walde J, Wieser J, Tasser E. A first attempt at a holistic analysis of various influencing factors on the fish fauna in the Eastern European Alps. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151886. [PMID: 34822900 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fish are some of the most threatened vertebrates in the world due to their often-sensitive response to environmental changes. Major land-use changes in the European Alps have direct and indirect impacts on fish communities, and these impacts are expected to increase in the future. Therefore, the identification of factors that are associated with the distribution of fish communities is of great importance to develop guidelines for management, precautions and sustainable use of running waters. In this study, the relationship of various factors - landscape structure and land use, topography, morphology, hydrology, physical and chemical water characteristics, hormonally active substances, pesticides, food availability, fisheries and piscivores birds - with fish assemblages are analysed. Field data from 81 stream sections from 2001 metres above sea level (m.a.s.l.) down to 219 m.a.s.l. are used in the study. The results reveal that the number of fish species has a strong association with topographic characteristics in the catchment area as well as with landscape configuration. Fish abundance and biomass are associated mostly with land-use type, hydrology, morphology as well as topography. In addition, there are indirect connections between fish abundance and biomass through land-use type, topography, water properties and hydromorphology. The results clearly indicate that not a single factor, but a multitude of factors are associated with the fish communities in the Eastern European Alps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Schmölz
- Eurac Research, Institute of Alpine Environment, Bozen, Italy.
| | | | - Agnes Felber
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Zoology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Lassacher
- Ingenieurbüro für Biologie Felix Lassacher, Kolsassberg, Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang Mark
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Zoology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Georg H Niedrist
- Ingenieurbüro für Biologie Felix Lassacher, Kolsassberg, Austria; University of Innsbruck, Department of Ecology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Bernd Pelster
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Zoology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arianna Peron
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Atmospheric and Cryospheric Sciences (ACINN), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simone Persiano
- Eurac Research, Institute of Alpine Environment, Bozen, Italy; University of Bologna, Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Bologna, Italy
| | - Martin Schletterer
- TIWAG-Tiroler Wasserkraft AG, Department of Hydropower Engineering, Group Ecology, Innsbruck, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Alberto Scotti
- Eurac Research, Institute of Alpine Environment, Bozen, Italy
| | - Melanie Thaler
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Ecology, Innsbruck, Austria; Agentur Landesdomäne der Autonomen Provinz Bozen, Aquatic Species Conservation Centre, Schenna, Italy
| | - Janette Walde
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Statistics, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Josef Wieser
- Agentur Landesdomäne der Autonomen Provinz Bozen, Aquatic Species Conservation Centre, Schenna, Italy
| | - Erich Tasser
- Eurac Research, Institute of Alpine Environment, Bozen, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abdel-Warith AWA, Younis EM, Al-Asgah NA, Gewaily MS, El-Tonoby SM, Dawood MAO. Role of Fucoidan on the Growth Behavior and Blood Metabolites and Toxic Effects of Atrazine in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051448. [PMID: 34069982 PMCID: PMC8157872 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Toxic derivatives reach the ponds and cages where fish are grown, and the continuous exposure to these contaminants proved to impair the healthy status of several finfish species. In some countries famous for cultivating rice and corn, atrazine (ATZ) is massively applied to protect plants from invaders. Many functional additives are permitted for application in the aquaculture sector as natural alternatives for chemotherapies. In this study, the toxicity impacts of ATZ and the protective role of fucoidan were investigated on the health performance of Nile tilapia. Long-term exposure to ATZ resulted in low growth rate, impaired hepato-renal function, intestinal inflammation, and oxidative stress in Nile tilapia. However, the obtained results soundly support fucoidan’s potential role to cope with the impacts of ATZ on Nile tilapia. Abstract Waterborne herbicides are stressful agents that threaten the productivity and safety of finfish species. In this study, the toxicity impacts of atrazine (ATZ) and the protective role of fucoidan were investigated on the health performance of Nile tilapia. For 40 days, the total number of 180 Nile tilapia was assigned in four groups (triplicates, 15 fish/replicate), where the first (control) and third groups were offered the control diet, while the second and fourth groups were offered a fucoidan (FCN). Further, in the third and fourth groups, the water was mixed with atrazine (ATZ) at 1.39 mg/L daily. The growth rate, FCR, and survival rate were markedly enhanced by fucoidan but severely declined by ATZ exposure (p < 0.05). The morphological structure of the intestine in the control fish revealed normal structure, while fucoidan-treated groups showed eminent enhancement and branching of the intestinal villi. The intestine of ATZ-treated fish revealed deterioration and the intestinal mucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration, and separation of lining epithelium. The highest Hb, PCV, RBCs, WBCs, total protein, and albumin were observed in Nile tilapia fed fucoidan, but the worst values were seen in ATZ-intoxicated fish (p < 0.05). The liver-related enzymes (ALT and AST) and kidney function (urea and creatinine) showed impaired values by ATZ toxicity and were regulated by dietary fucoidan. Meanwhile, fish fed fucoidan and exposed to ATZ had lower total cholesterol and triglyceride values than fish exposed to ATZ without fucoidan feeding (p < 0.05). The SOD, CAT, GPx, cortisol, and glucose levels were increased in ATZ-exposed fish and reduced by fucoidan (p < 0.05). However, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in fucoidan-fed fish and increased in ATZ-exposed fish (p < 0.05). Altogether, dietary fucoidan is required in fish diets to alleviate the impacts of ATZ-induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.-W.A.A.-W.); (E.M.Y.); (N.A.A.-A.)
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Elsayed M. Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.-W.A.A.-W.); (E.M.Y.); (N.A.A.-A.)
| | - Nasser A. Al-Asgah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.-W.A.A.-W.); (E.M.Y.); (N.A.A.-A.)
| | - Mahmoud S. Gewaily
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Shaimaa M. El-Tonoby
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud A. O. Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Destro ALF, Silva SB, Gregório KP, de Oliveira JM, Lozi AA, Zuanon JAS, Salaro AL, da Matta SLP, Gonçalves RV, Freitas MB. Effects of subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of the herbicide atrazine in the Neotropical fish Astyanax altiparanae. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111601. [PMID: 33396121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is among the most widely used herbicides in the world, and yet it has a potential to contaminate aquatic environments due to pesticide leaching from agricultural areas. In the Neotropical region, studies about the effects of this herbicide in native aquatic wildlife is scarce.Our study aimed at investigating the effects of a 30-day exposure to a commercial atrazine formulation on oxidative stress parameters, histopathology in testis and liver, and hormone levels in males and female of yellow-tailed tetra fish (Astyanax altiparanae). Adults were exposed to low but environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine as follows: 0 (CTL-control), 0.5 (ATZ0.5), 1 (ATZ1), 2 (ATZ2) and 10 (ATZ10) μg/L. Our results showed decreased GST activity in gills in all groups of exposed animals and increased CAT activity in gills from the ATZ10 group. In the liver, there was an increase in lipid peroxidation in fish from ATZ1 and ATZ2 groups. Histological analysis of the liver showed increased percentage of sinusoid capillaries in ATZ2 fish, increased vascular congestion in ATZ1 and increased leukocyte infiltration in the ATZ10 group. Hepatocyte diameter analysis revealed a decrease in cell size in all groups exposed to ATZ, and a decrease in hepatocyte nucleus diameter in ATZ1, ATZ2 and ATZ10 groups. Endocrine parameters did not show significant changes following ATZ exposure, although an increase of triiodothyronine/thyroxine (T3/T4) ratio was observed in ATZ2 fish. Our results provide evidence that even low, environmentally relevant concentrations of ATZ produced oxidative damage and histological alterations in adult yellow-tailed tetra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza F Destro
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Stella B Silva
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Kemilli P Gregório
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda A Lozi
- Department of Cellular and structural Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Salaro
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariella B Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chiste BM, Takeshita NA, Mattioli CC, Jonsson CM, Barizon RM, Hisano H. Risk assessment and acute toxicological effects of atrazine on Nile tilapia larvae after stress. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2020; 56:23-29. [PMID: 33064597 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1831863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the risk assessment, median lethal concentration LC50-96h, development, and mortality of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus larvae exposed to atrazine after stress management. An LC50-96h trial was carried out using fish (n = 147; 8.5 ± 1.0 mg; seven larvae/aquarium), which were allocated randomly in 21 aquaria (1 L) and exposed to five concentrations of atrazine: 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 mg L-1 plus one control (without herbicide) and a control with a solubility adjuvant (acetone). Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and total ammonia were measured daily. In addition, a stress test was performed with fish (n = 150; 17.9 ± 1.7 mg; 10 larvae/aquarium) submitted to air exposition (five minutes) and posteriorly distributed randomly in 15 aquaria (1 L), and exposed to atrazine at 0.18, 6, 12, and 18 mg L-1. The LC50-96h of atrazine for Nile tilapia larvae was 17.87 mg L-1. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found for weight and final length, pH, and dissolved oxygen that was responsive to the increased levels of herbicide. Larvae mortality post-stress was registered to 6, 12, and 18 mg L-1 of atrazine, and was more critical at 24 h. The increased doses of atrazine used in LC50-96h test depressed the development of Nile tilapia larvae. Fish submitted to stress (air exposition) and exposed to sub-lethal doses of atrazine showed significant mortality, indicating that stressors may increase the toxic effect of atrazine for Nile tilapia larvae. On the other hand, based on risk assessment atrazine can be classified as herbicide with low toxicity for Nile tilapia larvae and low toxicological risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Milke Chiste
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudio Martin Jonsson
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Hamilton Hisano
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hoseini SM, Khalili M, Rajabiesterabadi H, Hoseinifar SH, Doan HV. Effects of dietary monoterpene, myrcene, administration on immune- and health-related genes expression in common carp gill following exposure to copper sulfate. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:438-445. [PMID: 31972293 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed the potential benefits of myrcene administration to suppress negative effects of copper exposure on immune-, antioxidant-, tight junction-, stress- and osmoregulatory-related gene expressions in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) gill. Fish were fed with diets containing 0% (control), 0.5% (M0.5) and 1% (M1) myrcene for 6 weeks, and then, exposed to 0.25 mg/L copper for further two weeks. The fish gill samples were taken for gene expression assays after six and eight weeks. The results showed that there were interaction effects of myrcene levels and copper exposure on superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), glutathione reductase (gr), heat shock protein-70 (hsp70), interleukin 1-beta (il1b), interleukin 10 (il10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfa), occludin (occl), caludin 3 (cld3), caludin 7 (cld7), and Na+-K+-ATPase (nka) genes expressions. Overall, the M0.5 treatment had significantly lower antioxidant genes expression, and higher hsp70, cytokines, tight-junction proteins, and nka genes expression, compared to the control treatment, before copper exposure. Copper exposure significantly down-regulated most of the tested genes (except il10), however, the M0.5 treatment had significantly higher antioxidant (except gpx), hsp70, cld7, and nka gene expression compared to the control treatment. The M1 treatment showed fluctuated antioxidant gene expressions, down-regulated gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and occl, and up-regulation of cld3 gene expressions, before copper exposure. After copper exposure, this treatment had significantly higher gr and cat expression compared to the control; moreover, there was a marked up-regulation in il10 gene expression in this treatment, which was the highest value among all treatment combinations. In conclusion, copper exposure significantly down-regulates antioxidant-, inflammatory-, and tight junction-related along with hsp70 and nka genes expression in common carp gills. Pre-treatment with 0.5% myrcene is beneficial to suppress such negative effects, probably due to its antioxidant properties. However, myrcene administration must be done with caution, as higher levels may interfere with antioxidant and immune defenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Rajabiesterabadi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A novel mechanism underlies atrazine toxicity in quails (Coturnix Coturnix coturnix): triggering ionic disorder via disruption of ATPases. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83880-83892. [PMID: 27924060 PMCID: PMC5356632 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The widely used atrazine has been reported to exhibit extensive ecological hazards. Due to the biological accumulation, atrazine elicits widespread toxic effects on different organisms. However, true proof for the mechanism of atrazine-induced toxicity is lacking. To determine the potential mechanism by which atrazine exerted toxic effects, quails were treated with atrazine (0, 50, 250 and 500 mg/kg) by gavage administration for 45 days. Atrazine significantly increased the histological alterations and serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and choline esterase levels. A marked disorder in ionic (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+)contents and the decrease of ATPases (Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase) activities were observed in the heart and liver of atrazine-exposed quails. Of note, it was also observed that atrazine suppressed the transcription of Na+, K+ transfer associated genes (Na+-K+-ATPase subunits) and Ca2+ transfer associated genes (Ca2+-ATPase subunits, solute carriers) in heart and liver. In conclusion, atrazine induced cardiac and hepatic damage via causing the ionic disorder, triggering the transcription of the ion transporters and leading the histopathological and functional alternations in the heart and liver of quails. This study demonstrated atrazine significantly induced the ionic disorder via decreasing the ATPases activities and disturbing the transcription of the ion transporters.
Collapse
|
9
|
de Paiva PP, Delcorso MC, Matheus VA, de Queiroz SCDN, Collares-Buzato CB, Arana S. Acute toxicity of commercial atrazine in Piaractus mesopotamicus: Histopathological, ultrastructural, molecular, and genotoxic evaluation. Vet World 2017; 10:1008-1019. [PMID: 29062187 PMCID: PMC5639096 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.1008-1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of Pacu fingerlings (Piaractus mesopotamicus) by measuring the effects of median lethal concentration (LC50) of atrazine (ATZ - 28.58 mg/L) after acute exposure (up to 96 h). Materials and Methods: The fish were exposed to the LC50 of ATZ for 96 h (28.58 mg/L) in a static system. During the experiment, the fingerlings were randomly distributed in four glass tanks (50 L) containing dechlorinated water. Four glass tanks were for the control group, and four were for the ATZ-exposed group (n=4 per glass tank), given a total number of 16 animals tested per group. The genotoxicity was evaluated by micronucleus (MN) test in erythrocytes from peripheral blood. Qualitative and semi-quantitative histopathological analyses, and also ultrastructural study, were applied in liver and kidney samples. Finally, the content of heat shock protein (Hsp70) in the liver was evaluated by the western blotting method. Results: The morphological alterations in the liver, which was associated with increased expression of Hsp70, included nuclear and cytoplasmic vacuolization, cytoplasmic hyaline inclusions, and necrosis. The kidney presented edema and tubular cell degeneration with cytoplasmic hyaline inclusion. The semi-quantitative histopathological analyses indicated that the liver was more sensitive than kidney to ATZ-induced damage. Ultrastructural analysis showed that ATZ caused membrane alterations in several organelles and increased the number of lysosomes in hepatocytes and kidney proximal tubular cells. Nevertheless, no significant difference was observed in MN frequency in erythrocytes comparing treated and control groups., Conclusion: These results indicated that ATZ-induced damage to the kidney and liver function, ATZ at the concentration tested did not induce a significant difference in MN frequency in Pacu erythrocytes comparing treated and control groups, and also that Pacu fingerlings may be a good bioindicator for testing freshwater contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pereira de Paiva
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Po. Box 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Cruz Delcorso
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Po. Box 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Aparecida Matheus
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Po. Box 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Beatriz Collares-Buzato
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Po. Box 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sarah Arana
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Po. Box 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Association between occupational exposures to pesticides with heterogeneous chemical structures and farmer health in China. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25190. [PMID: 27117655 PMCID: PMC4846826 DOI: 10.1038/srep25190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the associations of farmers’ exposure to organophosphates (OPs), organosulfurs (OSs), organonitrogens (ONs) and pyrethroids (PYRs) with parameters of the blood complete counts (CBC), a blood chemistry panel (BCP) and the conventional nerve conduction studies among 224 farmers in China in 2012. Two health examinations and a series of follow-up field surveys were conducted. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations. The results show considerable associations between multiple groups of pesticides and several CBC parameters, but it was not enough to provide evidence of hematological disorders. The short- and medium-term OPs exposures were mainly associated with liver damage and peripheral nerve impairment, respectively, while OSs exposure might induce liver damage and renal dysfunction. The neurotoxicity of ONs was second only to OPs in addition to its potential liver damage and the induced alterations in glucose. In comparison, the estimated results show that PYRs would be the least toxic in terms of the low-dose application. In conclusion, occupational exposures to pesticides with heterogeneous chemical structures are associated with farmer health in different patterns, and the association between a specific group of pesticides and farmer health also differs between the short- and medium-term exposures.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin J, Li HX, Xia J, Li XN, Jiang XQ, Zhu SY, Ge J, Li JL. The chemopreventive potential of lycopene against atrazine-induced cardiotoxicity: modulation of ionic homeostasis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24855. [PMID: 27112537 PMCID: PMC4845055 DOI: 10.1038/srep24855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
People who drink water contaminated with atrazine (ATR) over many years can experience problems with their cardiovascular system. Lycopene (LYC) has been shown to exhibit cardiovascular disease preventive effects. However, chemopreventive potential of LYC against ATR-induced cardiotoxicity remains unclear. To determine the effects of ATR and/or LYC on heart, mice were treated with ATR (50 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) and/or LYC (5 mg/kg) by intragastric administration for 21 days. Histopathological and biochemical analyses, including analysis of ion concentrations (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+), ATPases (Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase) activities and the transcription of their subunits, were performed on heart. The results revealed that ATR led to decreased Creative Kinase (CK) activity and increased histological alterations. Furthermore, a significant change in Na+, K+ and Ca2+ content and the down-regulation of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities and the mRNA expression of their subunits were observed in ATR-exposed mice. Notably, supplementary LYC significantly protected the heart against ATR-induced damage. In conclusion, ATR induced cardiotoxicity by modulating cardiac ATPase activity and the transcription of its subunits, thereby triggering ionic disturbances. However, supplementary LYC significantly combated ATR-induced cardiotoxicity via the regulation of ATPase activity and subunit transcription. Thus, LYC exhibited a significant chemopreventive potential against ATR-induced cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xin Li
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Qing Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gomes AD, Tolussi CE, Ribeiro CDS, Honji RM, Moreira RG. The role of ovarian steroids in reproductive plasticity in Hoplias malabaricus (Teleostei: Characiformes: Erythrinidae) in tropical reservoirs with different degrees of pollution. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 222:1-10. [PMID: 25449659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemicals in aquatic environments may lead to impairment of fish reproduction, but some species display plasticity levels to survive and reproduce in such localities. We investigated the reproductive cycle in a teleost species, Hoplias malabaricus, which inhabits a variety of environments with different degrees of pollution. Adult females were sampled at two locations in São Paulo State (Brazil), the reference Ponte Nova (PN) reservoir and the polluted Billings (BIL) reservoir. Metabolic and endocrine processes were analyzed throughout the annual cycle with special attention to ovarian histology, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, ovarian energetic substrates and plasma steroids analyses, in addition to physical and chemical analyses of the water. Pollutants were frequent in BIL but not in PN. The GSI, including the predominance of vitellogenic oocytes, was higher in spring and summer in both locations, but the oocyte recruitment dynamics was different. During winter, females from BIL presented vitellogenic oocytes and high levels of 11-ketotestosterone, which indicated precocity in the vitellogenic phase in relation to the females from PN. In animals from PN, high deposition of lipids occurred in the ovaries. However, plasma estradiol levels did not vary throughout the annual cycle. In animals from BIL, plasma estradiol levels peaked during the summer, but the ovarian lipid content remained unchanged throughout the year. The data suggest that the presence of pollutants cause various endocrine and metabolic responses and especially affects reproductive plasticity, which could explain why H. malabaricus survives under unfavorable environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Dal'Olio Gomes
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, 321, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Tolussi
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, 321, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiéle da Silva Ribeiro
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, 321, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Massaaki Honji
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, 321, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, 321, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mela M, Guiloski IC, Doria HB, Randi MAF, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Pereira L, Maraschi AC, Prodocimo V, Freire CA, Silva de Assis HC. Effects of the herbicide atrazine in neotropical catfish (Rhamdia quelen). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 93:13-21. [PMID: 23623483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to a world-wide used herbicide atrazine (ATZ) (96h exposure to 2, 10, and 100μgL(-1)), was investigated on the freshwater fish Rhamdia quelen through a multi biomarker approach. Liver histopathology revealed leukocyte infiltration, hepatocyte vacuolization like steatosis and necrosis areas, leading to raised lesion index levels in all tested concentrations. The increase of free melanomacrophage numbers was observed. Gill filaments revealed considerable loss of the microridges on pavement cells at 10 and 100μgL(-1) of ATZ, and a significantly increased of chloride cell (CC) number and density on apical surface area at 100μgL(-1) of ATZ. CAT, GST, GPx, and GR activities were inhibited by all tested concentrations. GSH levels were reduced in individuals exposed to 100µgL(-1). Osmoregulatory function was also disturbed. We observed an increase of plasma magnesium concentrations at 10µgL(-1). Additionally the inhibition of branchial carbonic anhydrase activity was observed at 100µgL(-1). In the kidney, carbonic anhydrase activity decreased only in the group exposed to 2µgL(-1). These results suggest that ATZ, represents a potential ecotoxicological hazard and can be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic even low concentrations. The current study was the first to show the nephrotoxic effect of ATZ in fish. Besides, in Brazil, the environmental protection agency (CONAMA) establishes that the maximum allowed level of dissolved ATZ in water is 2μgL(-1), but the present results showed that this concentration may cause histopathological, biochemical and physiological changes in R. quelen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Mela
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|