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Melhado G, Pedrobom L JH, Menegário AA, Herrera Montalvo LG, Cruz-Neto AP. Lead exposure does not affect baseline and induced innate immunity in quails. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 337:527-536. [PMID: 35189040 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most common metals found in ecosystems in elevated concentrations derived mainly from anthropogenic activities. Pb toxicity is of special concern in birds due to its capacity for bioaccumulation in the liver, bones, and kidneys causing physiological disruptions. Such disruptions can be lethal in a few days after Pb acute intoxication and they are associated with several million deaths of birds. Moreover, Pb may work as an immunosuppressant as it affects the cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, including components of the acute-phase response (APR). We (1) examined the effects of Pb contamination on the innate immune system, body mass, and food intake of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), and (2) evaluated the effects of Pb on its APR after exposing the animals to Pb acetate in drinkable water during 7 days. We found that Pb contamination increased the number of circulating white blood cells (WBCs), but no effect was found on body mass, food intake, the heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, and haptoglobin (Hp) concentration. When Pb-exposed birds were injected with lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli to activate the APR, they had a negative body mass ratio, reduced food intake, and increased the number of WBCs, the H/L ratio, and the Hp concentration. We conclude that Pb exposure at this dose did not affect baseline values of the constitutive response and that it did not affect the APR of quails, but commend for further studies testing the effect of different Pb doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Melhado
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Amauri A Menegário
- Centro de Estudos Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Gerardo Herrera Montalvo
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional, Autónoma de México, San Patricio, Jalisco, México
| | - Ariovaldo P Cruz-Neto
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mäkinen H, van Oers K, Eeva T, Ruuskanen S. The effect of experimental lead pollution on DNA methylation in a wild bird population. Epigenetics 2021; 17:625-641. [PMID: 34369261 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1943863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic pollution is known to negatively influence an organism's physiology, behaviour, and fitness. Epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation, has been hypothesized as a potential mechanism to mediate such effects, yet studies in wild species are lacking. We first investigated the effects of early-life exposure to the heavy metal lead (Pb) on DNA methylation levels in a wild population of great tits (Parus major), by experimentally exposing nestlings to Pb at environmentally relevant levels. Secondly, we compared nestling DNA methylation from a population exposed to long-term heavy metal pollution (close to a copper smelter), where birds suffer from pollution-related decrease in food quality, and a control population. For both comparisons, the analysis of about one million CpGs covering most of the annotated genes revealed that pollution-related changes in DNA methylation were not genome wide, but enriched for genes underlying developmental processes. However, the results were not consistent when using binomial or beta binomial regression highlighting the difficulty of modelling variance in CpGs. Our study indicates that post-natal anthropogenic heavy metal exposure can affect methylation levels of development related genes in a wild bird population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannu Mäkinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Turku, Finland
| | - Kees van Oers
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi Ruuskanen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Turku, Finland
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Rainio MJ, Margus A, Virtanen V, Lindström L, Salminen JP, Saikkonen K, Helander M. Glyphosate-based herbicide has soil-mediated effects on potato glycoalkaloids and oxidative status of a potato pest. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127254. [PMID: 32559492 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most used herbicide worldwide, targeting physiological pathways in plants. Recent studies have shown that glyphosate can also cause toxic effects in animals. We investigated the glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH)-induced changes in potato (Solanum tuberosum) plant chemistry and the effects of a GBH on the survival rate and oxidative status of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). The beetles were reared on potato plants grown in pots containing soil treated with a GBH (Roundup Gold, 450 g/l) or untreated soil (water control). The 2nd instar larvae were introduced to the potato plants and then collected in 2 phases: as 4th instar larvae and as adults. The main glycoalkaloids of the potato plants, α-solanine and α-chaconine, were measured twice during the experiment. The α-solanine was reduced in potato plants grown in GBH-treated soil, which can be detrimental to plant defenses against herbivores. GBH treatment had no effect on the survival rate or body mass of the larvae or the adult beetles. In the larvae, total glutathione (tGSH) concentration and the enzyme activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase were increased in the GBH treatment group. In the adult beetles, CAT activity and tGSH levels were affected by the interactive effect of GBH treatment and the body mass. To conclude, environmentally relevant concentrations of a GBH can affect the potato plant's glycoalkaloid concentrations, but are not likely to directly affect the survival rate of the Colorado potato beetle, but instead, modify the antioxidant defense of the beetles via diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia J Rainio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Aigi Margus
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Valtteri Virtanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Leena Lindström
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | | | - Kari Saikkonen
- Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Marjo Helander
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
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Sarraude T, Hsu BY, Groothuis T, Ruuskanen S. Testing the short-and long-term effects of elevated prenatal exposure to different forms of thyroid hormones. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10175. [PMID: 33088630 PMCID: PMC7571413 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal thyroid hormones (THs) are known to be crucial in embryonic development in humans, but their influence on other, especially wild, animals remains poorly understood. So far, the studies that experimentally investigated the consequences of maternal THs focused on short-term effects, while early organisational effects with long-term consequences, as shown for other prenatal hormones, could also be expected. In this study, we aimed at investigating both the short- and long-term effects of prenatal THs in a bird species, the Japanese quail Coturnix japonica. We experimentally elevated yolk TH content (the prohormone T4, and its active metabolite T3, as well as a combination of both hormones). We analysed hatching success, embryonic development, offspring growth and oxidative stress as well as their potential organisational effects on reproduction, moult and oxidative stress in adulthood. We found that eggs injected with T4 had a higher hatching success compared with control eggs, suggesting conversion of T4 into T3 by the embryo. We detected no evidence for other short-term or long-term effects of yolk THs. These results suggest that yolk THs are important in the embryonic stage of precocial birds, but other short- and long-term consequences remain unclear. Research on maternal THs will greatly benefit from studies investigating how embryos use and respond to this maternal signalling. Long-term studies on prenatal THs in other taxa in the wild are needed for a better understanding of this hormone-mediated maternal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Sarraude
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bin-Yan Hsu
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ton Groothuis
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Suvi Ruuskanen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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5
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Koim-Puchowska B, Drozdz-Afelt JM, Lamparski R, Menka A, Kaminski P. Antioxidant defence barrier of great tit Parus major nestlings in response to trace elements. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20321-20334. [PMID: 32239412 PMCID: PMC7244610 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Metals can have direct and indirect effects on the generation of reactive oxygen species in wild birds. The aim of this work has been to examine the effect of exposure to trace metals (copper Cu, iron Fe, cobalt Co, manganese Mn) on oxidative stress biomarkers such as lipoperoxidation TBARS and level of superoxide dismutase SOD, catalase CAT, and reduced glutathione GSH in the livers and kidneys of great tit Parus major nestlings (n = 165, 63 broods) living in polluted environments associated with soda plants and agricultural activities (Kujawy region) and from a reference site (Tuchola Forest), both in the north of Poland. As we predicted, the level of TBARS in both organs of chicks from polluted areas was higher than in those from reference site. This could be connected with Fe concentrations, particularly in areas adjacent to soda plants (livers Rs = 0.49, p < 0.002; kidneys Rs = 0.69, p < 0.001). We also showed differences in the level of antioxidants depending on the environment. CAT activity was higher in nestlings from Kujawy than in those from Tuchola. Meanwhile SOD activity (both organs) and GSH levels (kidneys) were lower in the polluted area compared to the reference site. Concentrations of Cu, Fe, Co, and Mn may play a role in regulating the antioxidant system components' activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Koim-Puchowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, K.J. Poniatowski St12, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna M. Drozdz-Afelt
- Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, K.J. Poniatowski St12, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Robert Lamparski
- Department of Biology and Plant Protection, UTP University of Science and Technology, Prof. S. Kaliski St. 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Menka
- Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, K.J. Poniatowski St12, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaminski
- Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biotechnology, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Szafran St. 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
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Espín S, Sánchez-Virosta P, Ruiz S, Eeva T. Female oxidative status in relation to calcium availability, metal pollution and offspring development in a wild passerine. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113921. [PMID: 31991347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Both Ca deficiency and metal exposure may affect physiological and nutritional condition of breeding females altering their ability to deposit essential resources (e.g. Ca, antioxidants) into the eggs. This effect of the maternal investment into egg quality is not strictly limited to the embryonic period, but may persist after hatching, since nutrient levels in yolks can compromise nestling antioxidant status, growth and fledging success. The goal of this study was to investigate how metal pollution and Ca availability during the breeding season affect oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma biochemistry in adult female pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca). In addition, we aim to evaluate how maternal antioxidant status and body condition relate to breeding parameters and offspring oxidative balance. Females breeding in a metal-polluted area in SW Finland showed higher metal concentrations compared to the control area, although current levels were below the toxic level able to affect female physiology. In addition, Ca availability was not constraining female oxidative status and general health in the study area. Interestingly, our results suggested that antioxidant response to metals was better when Ca concentrations were high enough to cover the physiological Ca requirements in breeding females. There seems to be a subtle balance between the concentrations of Ca in the organism and the tolerance to metal-related effects that requires further research. This study supports that offspring oxidative balance and nestling development are affected by maternal body condition and antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Espín
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; Area of Toxicology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; Area of Toxicology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Sandra Ruiz
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
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Saulnier A, Bleu J, Boos A, El Masoudi I, Ronot P, Zahn S, Del Nero M, Massemin S. Consequences of trace metal cocktail exposure in zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) and effect of calcium supplementation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110357. [PMID: 32105946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal elements are significant stressors in urban areas. Their harmful effects on physiological parameters are demonstrated, but current laboratory studies are not representative of wild chronic exposure to a trace metal cocktail. Calcium can reduce the accumulation and toxicity of several metals, but soil acidification in cities leads to a decrease in bioavailability of this element. The objective of this study was to investigate the accumulation and toxicity of a trace metal cocktail representative of urban exposure on passerine birds, and test the importance of calcium availability on these toxic effects. We exposed zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) to a cocktail of seven metals and one metalloid in drinking water, with or without calcium supplementation. We monitored the concentration of metals in the blood and feathers, and their effects on oxidative status and telomere length. The metal cocktail led to higher concentration of all elements in the feathers, and of arsenic and lead in the blood. Birds with a higher concentration of cadmium, arsenic and lead in the feathers had shorter telomeres, but no impact of the cocktail was detected on oxidative status. Birds of the 'calcium' group and the 'calcium and metal' group accumulated higher concentrations of zinc, chromium and nickel in feathers. The 'calcium and metal' group also accumulated lower concentrations of arsenic and lead in feathers compared to the 'metal' group. Our results suggest that chronic exposure to a cocktail of metals at low concentrations has deleterious effects on birds, which can be limited through calcium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Saulnier
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Josefa Bleu
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Boos
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Islah El Masoudi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascale Ronot
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sandrine Zahn
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mirella Del Nero
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Massemin
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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Sánchez-Virosta P, Espín S, Ruiz S, Panda B, Ilmonen P, Schultz SL, Karouna-Renier N, García-Fernández AJ, Eeva T. Arsenic-related oxidative stress in experimentally-dosed wild great tit nestlings. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113813. [PMID: 31896481 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is broadly distributed due to natural and anthropogenic sources, and it may cause adverse effects in birds. However, research on other elements (Pb, Hg and Cd) has been prioritized, resulting in scarce data on As exposure and related effects in wild birds. One of the mechanisms responsible for As toxicity is oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate if environmentally relevant As levels affected oxidative stress biomarkers in great tits (Parus major). This is the first field experiment studying the effects of As on oxidative stress in wild passerines. Wild great tit nestlings were orally dosed with sodium arsenite (Control: water, Low dose: 0.2 μg g-1 d-1 and High dose: 1 μg g-1 d-1; from day 3 to day 13 post-hatching). We intended to reach As concentrations similar to those at which passerines are exposed to at actual polluted areas. We compared the responses to the experimental manipulations (High, Low and Control groups) with those in an As/metal-exposed population breeding close to a Cu-Ni smelter in Finland (Smelter group). A set of antioxidants (tGSH, GSH:GSSG ratio, CAT, SOD, GST and GPx), and oxidative damage biomarkers (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation in DNA, and telomere length) were explored in blood. Arsenic administration had no significant effect on most of the biomarkers measured: only the CAT activity was lower in the High As group and the GPx activity was enhanced in the Smelter group compared to the Control. Our results suggest that the dose and duration of the As exposure was not enough to induce oxidative damage in red cells of great tit nestlings. In spite of this, nestlings dosed with 1 μg g-1 d-1 of sodium arsenite showed non-significantly higher oxidative stress biomarkers than controls, suggesting that we were close to an effect level for the redox-defense system. Oxidative effects at equivalent As levels combined with other stressors cannot be dismissed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Silvia Espín
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Sandra Ruiz
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Bineet Panda
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Petteri Ilmonen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra L Schultz
- U. S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | | | - Antonio J García-Fernández
- Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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Markowski M, Kaliński A, Bańbura M, Glądalski M, Wawrzyniak J, Skwarska J, Bańbura J. Effects of experimental lead exposure on physiological indices of nestling great tits Parus major: haematocrit and heterophile-to-lymphocyte ratio. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz067. [PMID: 31687145 PMCID: PMC6821246 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is recognized as one of the most toxic trace elements that can induce a wide range of negative health effects in wildlife. Because the investigation of basic environment-sensitive physiological indicators is easy to perform in wild birds, they have been considered as valuable bioindicators of lead contamination. The harmfulness of lead poisoning can depend on the type of exposure, and in most studies of birds, an effect of chronic lead exposition has been considered. In this study, we investigated whether a single exposure to specific doses of lead affected such physiological indices as haematocrit and the heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio). For this purpose, we conducted an experiment based on intentional lead supplementation, with the use of two different doses, applied to randomly chosen great tit (Parus major) nestlings from randomly selected broods. A few days after the exposure (when the nestlings were 15 days old), we determined haematocrit and the H/L ratio as potentially sensitive physiological indicators of lead intoxication. We found that the treatment with lead resulted in a significant decline in haematocrit level. In addition, we found that the age when lead exposure occurred can be considered as an important factor influencing haematocrit variation. A decrease in haematocrit was observed on consecutive days of nestling life. In contrast, the H/L ratio did not show any significant response to lead exposure. These results clearly show that the assessment of haematocrit level for nestling great tits can provide a simple and rapid method of indirect evaluation of physiological effects of lead intoxication caused by a single exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Markowski
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Adam Kaliński
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Mirosława Bańbura
- Museum of Natural History, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Kilińskiego 101, 90-011 Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Glądalski
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Jarosław Wawrzyniak
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Skwarska
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Jerzy Bańbura
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
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Margus A, Rainio M, Lindström L. Can Indirect Herbicide Exposure Modify the Response of the Colorado Potato Beetle to an Organophosphate Insecticide? JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:2316-2323. [PMID: 31081887 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organisms live in complex multivariate environments. In agroecosystems, this complexity is often human-induced as pest individuals can be exposed to many xenobiotics simultaneously. Predicting the effects of multiple stressors can be problematic, as two or more stressors can have interactive effects. Our objective was to investigate whether indirect glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) exposure of the host plant has interactive effects in combination with an insecticide (azinphos-methyl) on an invasive pest Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). We tested the effects of GBH and insecticide on the survival, insecticide target genes expression (acetylcholinesterase genes) and oxidative status biomarkers (glutathione S-transferase [GST], glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PDH], glutathione reductase homolog [GR], glutathione peroxidase homolog [GPx], total glutathione [totGSH], glutathione reduced-oxidized [GSH: GSSG], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], lipid hydroperoxides). We found that exposure to indirect GBH has no single or interactive effects in combination with the insecticide on larval survival. However, prior exposure to GBH inhibits Ldace1 gene expression by 0.55-fold, which is the target site for the organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. This difference disappears when individuals are exposed to both GBH and insecticide, suggesting an antagonistic effect. On the other hand, oxidative status biomarker scores (PCAs of GPx, GR, and CAT) were decreased when exposed to both stressors, indicating a synergistic effect. Overall, we found that indirect GBH exposure can have both antagonistic and synergistic effects in combination with an insecticide, which should be considered when aiming for an ecologically relevant risk assessment of multiple human-induced stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigi Margus
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Research, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI, Finland
| | - Miia Rainio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI, Finland
| | - Leena Lindström
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Research, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI, Finland
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Teerikorpi PE, Stauffer J, Ilmonen P, Calhim S, Schuett W, Laaksonen T. Elevated oxidative stress in pied flycatcher nestlings of eumelanic foster fathers under low rearing temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.195909. [PMID: 30819723 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.195909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Striking variation in melanin coloration within natural populations is likely due to the different fitness outcomes of alternative phenotypes in varying environmental conditions. There are two types of melanin: eumelanins yield blackish hues, whereas pheomelanins yield reddish hues. The production of eumelanins requires low levels of glutathione (GSH), which is the most important intracellular antioxidant, whereas the production of pheomelanins requires high levels of GSH. We investigated the oxidative status of male pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) with different degrees of melanin coloration under different temperatures during the nestling period. Moreover, we assessed the oxidative status of offspring in relation to their biological or foster father's melanin coloration and ambient temperature. To separate offspring genotype effects and paternal effects in different temperatures, we used a partial cross-foster design. The temperature differently affected the oxidative status of differently colored male pied flycatchers and their foster offspring. When the weather was relatively cold, black males had higher glutathione S-transferase levels compared with brown males, indicating enhanced stress in black males. Foster offspring of black males had a lower ratio between reduced and oxidized GSH followed by higher total amount of GSH than foster offspring of brown males. Thus, foster offspring of black males seem to suffer from oxidative stress under relatively cold weather compared with those of brown males, and vice versa under relatively warm weather. Although differently colored males experienced changes in their oxidative status under different temperatures, the link between paternal melanin coloration and offspring oxidative stress appears to be environmentally induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Teerikorpi
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku 20500, Finland .,Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 AB, The Netherlands
| | - J Stauffer
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku 20500, Finland
| | - P Ilmonen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku 20500, Finland
| | - S Calhim
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä 40014, Finland
| | - W Schuett
- Institute of Zoology, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany.,School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK
| | - T Laaksonen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku 20500, Finland.,Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Turku 20520, Finland
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12
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Sánchez-Virosta P, Espín S, Ruiz S, Stauffer J, Kanerva M, García-Fernández AJ, Eeva T. Effects of calcium supplementation on oxidative status and oxidative damage in great tit nestlings inhabiting a metal-polluted area. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 171:484-492. [PMID: 30743240 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium has been proposed to diminish metal toxicity by the modulation of the oxidative stress. This study explores the effects of Ca availability and metal exposure on oxidative stress biomarkers in great tit (Parus major) nestlings. Nests were supplemented with Ca (Ca-supplemented group) or not supplemented (Control group) in a metal-polluted and a background zone in SW Finland. Metal concentrations were analyzed from feces. We analyzed antioxidants (tGSH, GSH:GSSG ratio, CAT, GST, GPx, SOD), protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation in red cells of nestlings. Ca-supplemented and fast-growing nestlings showed higher CAT activity to cope with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during intensive growth and metabolism. SOD and GPx (the latter not statistically significant) were more active in the polluted area, possibly reflecting higher ROS production in nestlings from this zone due to the enhanced metal exposure and smaller size. Antioxidant levels changed over the range of metal concentrations depending on the Ca levels in plasma, suggesting that higher Ca levels stimulate antioxidants and mitigate the impacts of metals. Ca supplementation may improve nestling traits and reproductive output when antioxidants are enhanced in a situation of oxidative challenge. Therefore, Ca should be considered in future studies assessing metal exposure and effects on wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Silvia Espín
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Sandra Ruiz
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Janina Stauffer
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mirella Kanerva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Lab. of Environmental Toxicology, Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 790-8577, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Antonio J García-Fernández
- Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, IMIB-Arrixaca, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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13
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Arai E, Hasegawa M, Wakamatsu K, Ito S. Males with More Pheomelanin Have a Lower Oxidative Balance in Asian Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica gutturalis). Zoolog Sci 2018; 35:505-513. [DOI: 10.2108/zs170204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Arai
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, Sokendai (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - Masaru Hasegawa
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, Sokendai (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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14
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Soussi A, Gargouri M, Akrouti A, El Feki A. Antioxidant and nephro-protective effect of Juglans regia vegetable oil against lead-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and its characterization by GC-MS. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:492-504. [PMID: 30034312 PMCID: PMC6046624 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) intoxication remains a major health hazard causing various deleterious effects especially on renal and hematologic system. The current study elucidated the potential protective effect of JRVO against nephrotoxicity induced by lead. Male rats were randomly divided into three groups: group one (control) received ad libitum distilled water and 1 mL of saline solution (0.9 %) given by intra-peritoneal (i.p) injection, group two (Pb) was kept on tap distilled water and animals were i.p, injected daily with lead every two days from day five until day ten, namely the sacrifice day, and group three (Pb+J) was administered by intra-peritoneal injection of Pb with the same dose and same way with Group two, while JRVO extract was administered daily by gavage during ten days. The exposure of lead reduced the number of red and white blood cells. Besides, plasma biomarkers (urea, uric acid, creatinine, LDH and ALP) levels were reduced. Lipid and protein per-oxidations increased and objectified by high TBARS and PCOs levels, while glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities showed a significant decline after ten-day treatment. Conversely, the JRVO prevented kidney biomarker changes by improving hepatotoxicity induced by lead as evidenced by restoring the biochemical markers cited above to near normal levels. Kidney histoarchitecture confirmed the biochemical parameters and the beneficial role of JRVO. It can be concluded that the administration of JRVO alleviates Pb-induced toxicity, thus demonstrating its potent antioxidant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Soussi
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Gargouri
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amel Akrouti
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Animal Eco-physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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15
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Ruiz S, Espín S, Rainio M, Ruuskanen S, Salminen JP, Lilley TM, Eeva T. Effects of dietary lead exposure on vitamin levels in great tit nestlings - An experimental manipulation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 213:688-697. [PMID: 27023278 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to metal pollution negatively affects animal physiology, including nutrient metabolism, but in the wild an effect can seldom be attributed to a single metal. Moreover, little is known about how the metabolism of vitamins, essential micronutrients for developing juveniles, is affected by toxic metals. Therefore we experimentally investigated the effects of lead (Pb), a widespread toxic metal, on four fat-soluble vitamins A (total and retinol), D3, E (total and α-tocopherol) and K and carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin and unidentified) in great tit (Parus major) nestlings. In addition to a control group where no Pb was provided, two Pb-dosed groups were compared to a metal exposed group in the vicinity of a Ni-Cu smelter. We examined whether Pb treatment affects vitamin homeostasis and how the response of Pb-treated birds relates to that of a population under industrial exposure of Pb and other metals. For this purpose, vitamin and carotenoid levels were quantified with UPLC-MS from plasma of 7 days-old nestlings. All metal exposed groups showed increased vitamin A and retinol levels. However, vitamin levels were not directly associated with fecal Pb levels, with the exception of retinol, which was positively correlated with fecal Pb. Alpha-tocopherol, lutein and zeaxanthin levels were positively associated with body mass and wing growth rate. To conclude, Pb exposure increased plasma vitamin A and retinol levels while the levels of other vitamins and carotenoids rather reflected secondary pollution effects via differences in habitat and diet quality at the smelter site. Our findings suggest Pb exposed nestlings may allocate the vitamins needed for growth and development to fight the physiological stress thus compromising their fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ruiz
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Silvia Espín
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Miia Rainio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi Ruuskanen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | | | - Thomas M Lilley
- Biology Department, Bucknell University, Pennsylvania, PA 17837, USA
| | - Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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16
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Vallverdú-Coll N, López-Antia A, Martinez-Haro M, Ortiz-Santaliestra ME, Mateo R. Altered immune response in mallard ducklings exposed to lead through maternal transfer in the wild. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 205:350-6. [PMID: 26123724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) poisoning has caused significant mortality in waterfowl populations worldwide. In spite of having been banned since 2003, prevalence of Pb shot ingestion in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from the Ebro delta was still 15.5% in 2011-12. We collected mallard eggs from this area to study the effects of maternally transferred Pb on eggshell properties and on immune response and oxidative balance of ducklings. Eggshell Pb levels were positively correlated with Pb levels in the blood of ducklings. Ducklings with blood Pb levels above 180 ng mL(-1) showed reduced body mass and died during the first week post hatching. Blood Pb levels positively correlated with humoral immune response, endogenous antioxidants and oxidative stress biomarkers, and negatively correlated with cellular immune response. Pb shot ingestion in birds can result in maternal transfer to the offspring that can affect their developing immune system and reduce their survival in early life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Vallverdú-Coll
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Ana López-Antia
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Monica Martinez-Haro
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel E Ortiz-Santaliestra
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
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17
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Tobler M, Ballen C, Healey M, Wilson M, Olsson M. Oxidant trade-offs in immunity: an experimental test in a lizard. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126155. [PMID: 25938441 PMCID: PMC4418811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune system functioning and maintenance entails costs which may limit investment into other processes such as reproduction. Yet, the proximate mechanisms and ‘currencies’ mediating the costs of immune responses remain elusive. In vertebrates, up-regulation of the innate immune system is associated with rapid phagocytic production of pro-oxidant molecules (so-called ‘oxidative burst’ responses). Oxidative burst responses are intended to eliminate pathogens but may also constitute an immunopathological risk as they may induce oxidative damage to self cells. To minimize the risk of infection and, at the same time, damage to self, oxidative burst activity must be carefully balanced. The current levels of pro- and antioxidants (i.e. the individual oxidative state) is likely to be a critical factor affecting this balance, but this has not yet been evaluated. Here, we perform an experiment on wild-caught painted dragon lizards (Ctenophorus pictus) to examine how the strength of immune-stimulated oxidative burst responses of phagocytes in whole blood relates to individual oxidative status under control conditions and during an in vivo immune challenge with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Under control conditions, oxidative burst responses were not predicted by the oxidative status of the lizards. LPS-injected individuals showed a strong increase in pro-oxidant levels and a strong decrease in antioxidant levels compared to control individuals demonstrating a shift in the pro-/antioxidant balance. Oxidative burst responses in LPS-injected lizards were positively related to post-challenge extracellular pro-oxidants (reflecting the level of cell activation) and negatively related to pre-challenge levels of mitochondrial superoxide (suggesting an immunoregulatory effect of this pro-oxidant). LPS-challenged males had higher oxidative burst responses than females, and in females oxidative burst responses seemed to depend more strongly on antioxidant status than in males. Our results confirm the idea that oxidative state may constrain the activity of the innate immune system. These constraints may have important consequences for the way selection acts on pro-oxidant generating processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tobler
- University of Sydney, School of Biological Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Cissy Ballen
- University of Sydney, School of Biological Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mo Healey
- University of Sydney, School of Biological Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Wilson
- University of Wollongong, School of Biological Sciences, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Mats Olsson
- University of Sydney, School of Biological Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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