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Han J, Chen Y, Xu X, Li Q, Xiang X, Shen J, Ma X. Development of Recombinant High-Density Lipoprotein Platform with Innate Adipose Tissue-Targeting Abilities for Regional Fat Reduction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13635-13651. [PMID: 38753978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
As an escalating public health issue, obesity and overweight conditions are predispositions to various diseases and are exacerbated by concurrent chronic inflammation. Nonetheless, extant antiobesity pharmaceuticals (quercetin, capsaicin, catecholamine, etc.) manifest constrained efficacy alongside systemic toxic effects. Effective therapeutic approaches that selectively target adipose tissue, thereby enhancing local energy expenditure, surmounting the limitations of prevailing antiobesity modalities are highly expected. In this context, we developed a temperature-sensitive hydrogel loaded with recombinant high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) to achieve targeted delivery of resveratrol, an adipose browning activator, to adipose tissue. rHDL exhibits self-regulation on fat cell metabolism and demonstrates natural targeting toward scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), which is highly expressed by fat cells, thereby achieving a synergistic effect for the treatment of obesity. Additionally, the dispersion of rHDL@Res in temperature-sensitive hydrogels, coupled with the regulation of their degradation and drug release rate, facilitated sustainable drug release at local adipose tissues over an extended period. Following 24 days' treatment regimen, obese mice exhibited improved metabolic status, resulting in a reduction of 68.2% of their inguinal white adipose tissue (ingWAT). Specifically, rHDL@Res/gel facilitated the conversion of fatty acids to phospholipids (PA, PC), expediting fat mobilization, mitigating triglyceride accumulation, and therefore facilitating adipose tissue reduction. Furthermore, rHDL@Res/gel demonstrated efficacy in attenuating obesity-induced inflammation and fostering angiogenesis in ingWAT. Collectively, this engineered local fat reduction platform demonstrated heightened effectiveness and safety through simultaneously targeting adipocytes, promoting WAT browning, regulating lipid metabolism, and controlling inflammation, showing promise for adipose-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Han
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yingxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Qingmeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xiang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan 572025, P. R. China
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Xu H, Thomas MJ, Kaul S, Kallinger R, Ouweneel AB, Maruko E, Oussaada SM, Jongejan A, Cense HA, Nieuwdorp M, Serlie MJ, Goldberg IJ, Civelek M, Parks BW, Lusis AJ, Knaack D, Schill RL, May SC, Reho JJ, Grobe JL, Gantner B, Sahoo D, Sorci-Thomas MG. Pcpe2, a Novel Extracellular Matrix Protein, Regulates Adipocyte SR-BI-Mediated High-Density Lipoprotein Uptake. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2708-2725. [PMID: 34551590 PMCID: PMC8551036 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of adipocyte Pcpe2 (procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 2) in SR-BI (scavenger receptor class BI)-mediated HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) uptake and contributions to adipose lipid storage. Approach and Results Pcpe2, a glycoprotein devoid of intrinsic proteolytic activity, is believed to participate in extracellular protein-protein interactions, supporting SR-BI- mediated HDL-C uptake. In published studies, Pcpe2 deficiency increased the development of atherosclerosis by reducing SR-BI-mediated HDL-C catabolism, but the biological impact of this deficiency on adipocyte SR-BI-mediated HDL-C uptake is unknown. Differentiated cells from Ldlr-/-/Pcpe2-/- (Pcpe2-/-) mouse adipose tissue showed elevated SR-BI protein levels, but significantly reduced HDL-C uptake compared to Ldlr-/- (control) adipose tissue. SR-BI-mediated HDL-C uptake was restored by preincubation of cells with exogenous Pcpe2. In diet-fed mice lacking Pcpe2, significant reductions in visceral, subcutaneous, and brown adipose tissue mass were observed, despite elevations in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations. Significant positive correlations exist between adipose mass and Pcpe2 expression in both mice and humans. Conclusions Overall, these findings reveal a novel and unexpected function for Pcpe2 in modulating SR-BI expression and function as it relates to adipose tissue expansion and cholesterol balance in both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Michael J. Thomas
- Pharmacology & Toxicology and
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sushma Kaul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | | | - Amber B. Ouweneel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Elisa Maruko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Sabrina M. Oussaada
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Huib A. Cense
- Department of Surgery, Rode Kruis Ziekenhuis, Beverwijk, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mireille J. Serlie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ira J. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Brian W. Parks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Human Genetics, Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, California
| | - Darcy Knaack
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Rebecca L. Schill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sarah C. May
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - John J. Reho
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core
| | - Justin L. Grobe
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Benjamin Gantner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Daisy Sahoo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
- Pharmacology & Toxicology and
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mary G. Sorci-Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
- Pharmacology & Toxicology and
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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3
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SR-BI deficiency disassociates obesity from hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance development in high fat diet-fed mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 89:108564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4
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Wu YR, Shi XY, Ma CY, Zhang Y, Xu RX, Li JJ. Liraglutide improves lipid metabolism by enhancing cholesterol efflux associated with ABCA1 and ERK1/2 pathway. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:146. [PMID: 31706303 PMCID: PMC6842145 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is an important cardioprotective mechanism and the decrease in cholesterol efflux can result in the dyslipidemia. Although liraglutide, a glucagon like peptide-1 analogue, has mainly impacted blood glucose, recent data has also suggested a beneficial effect on blood lipid. However, the exact mechanism by which liraglutide modulates lipid metabolism, especially its effect on RCT, remain undetermined. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the potential impacts and potential underlying mechanisms of liraglutide on the cholesterol efflux in both db/db mice and HepG2 cells. Methods Six-week old db/db mice with high fat diet (HFD) and wild type mice were administered either liraglutide (200 μg/kg) or equivoluminal saline subcutaneously, twice daily for 8 weeks and body weight was measured every week. After the 8-week treatment, the blood was collected for lipid evaluation and liver was obtained from the mice for hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining, red O staining and Western blotting. Cholesterol efflux was assessed by measuring the radioactivity in the plasma and feces after intraperitoneal injection of 3H-labeled cholesterol. HepG2 Cells were treated with different concentrations of glucose (0, 5, 25, and 50 mmol/L) with or without liraglutide (1000 nmol/L) for 24 h. The intracellular cholesterol efflux was detected by BODIPY-cholesterol fluorescence labeling. Real-time PCR or Western blotting was used to examine the expression levels of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-B1. Results Liraglutide significantly decreased blood glucose, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). It also reduced liver lipid deposition in db/db mice fed with HFD. Moreover, the movement of 3H-cholesterol from macrophages to plasma and feces was significantly enhanced in db/db mice fed with HFD after liraglutide adminstration. In vitro study, liraglutide could promote the cholesterol efflux of HepG2 cells under high glucose, and also increase the expression of ABCA1 by activating the ERK1/2 pathway. Conclusions Liraglutide could improve lipid metabolism and hepatic lipid accumulation in db/db mice fed with HFD by promoting reversal of cholesterol transport, which was associated with the up-regulation of ABCA1 mediated by the ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Wu
- Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Shi
- Division of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Integrative Medicine Emergency Medical Center, Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Chun-Yan Ma
- Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Rui-Xia Xu
- Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Atorvastatin and Fenofibrate Increase the Content of Unsaturated Acyl Chains in HDL and Modify In Vivo Kinetics of HDL-Cholesteryl Esters in New Zealand White Rabbits. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102521. [PMID: 31121898 PMCID: PMC6566639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated modifications of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) structure and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I catabolism induced by the atorvastatin and fenofibrate combination. However, it remains unknown whether such structural and metabolic changes of HDL were related to an improvement of the HDL-cholesteryl esters (HDL-CE) metabolism. Therefore, we determined the structure of HDL and performed kinetic studies of HDL-CE radiolabeled with tritium in rabbits treated with atorvastatin, fenofibrate, and a combination of both drugs. The atorvastatin and fenofibrate combination increased the HDL size and the cholesterol and phospholipid plasma concentrations of the largest HDL subclasses. Moreover, the relative amount of unsaturated fatty acids contained in HDL increased, in detriment of saturated fatty acids as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The transfers of cholesteryl esters (CE) from HDL to very low-density lipoproteins/low-density lipoproteins (VLDL/LDL) and vice versa were enhanced with atorvastatin, alone or in combination. Moreover, the direct elimination of CE from plasma via VLDL/LDL decreased with fenofibrate, whereas the direct elimination of CE via HDL augmented with the combination treatment. Taken together, the rise of unsaturated fatty acid content and the size increase of HDL, suggest that atorvastatin and fenofibrate induce more fluid HDL particles, which in turn favor an enhanced CE exchange between HDL and VLDL/LDL. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of HDL during the use of anti-dyslipidemic drugs.
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Wang X, Wu C, Yuan B, Wang D, Liu H, Feng H, Sun S. Low scavenger receptor class B type I expression is associated with gastric adenocarcinoma tumor aggressiveness. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541232 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), a well-documented high-density lipoprotein receptor, has been implicated in the development and progression of human cancer. However, little is known regarding the expression profile and clinical value of SR-BI in gastric adenocarcinoma. In the present study immunohistochemistry analysis was performed on a well-annotated gastric adenocarcinoma tissue microarray to investigate the association between SR-BI expression and clinicopathological parameters or patient outcome. The results revealed that SR-BI expression was detected in 69% of the 84 gastric adenocarcinomas. Moreover, a significant association was observed between low SR-BI expression and poor histological grade, higher Tumor-Node-Metastasis T stage, higher N stage and diffuse type carcinoma. Low SR-BI expression was also significantly associated with a shorter overall survival time in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, although it was not an independent prognostic factor. Overall, the results of the present study demonstrated that SR-BI was possibly involved in gastric carcinogenesis and could be used as a biomarker to predict malignancy of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwen Wang
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Changshun Wu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Baoying Yuan
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Liu
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Feng
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Shui Sun
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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7
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Dias S, Paredes S, Ribeiro L. Drugs Involved in Dyslipidemia and Obesity Treatment: Focus on Adipose Tissue. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:2637418. [PMID: 29593789 PMCID: PMC5822899 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2637418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome can be defined as a state of disturbed metabolic homeostasis characterized by visceral obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, and insulin resistance. The growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome will certainly contribute to the burden of cardiovascular disease. Obesity and dyslipidemia are main features of metabolic syndrome, and both can present with adipose tissue dysfunction, involved in the pathogenic mechanisms underlying this syndrome. We revised the effects, and underlying mechanisms, of the current approved drugs for dyslipidemia and obesity (fibrates, statins, niacin, resins, ezetimibe, and orlistat; sibutramine; and diethylpropion, phentermine/topiramate, bupropion and naltrexone, and liraglutide) on adipose tissue. Specifically, we explored how these drugs can modulate the complex pathways involved in metabolism, inflammation, atherogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and adipogenesis. The clinical outcomes of adipose tissue modulation by these drugs, as well as differences of major importance for clinical practice between drugs of the same class, were identified. Whether solutions to these issues will be found in further adjustments and combinations between drugs already in use or necessarily in new advances in pharmacology is not known. To better understand the effect of drugs used in dyslipidemia and obesity on adipose tissue not only is challenging for physicians but could also be the next step to tackle cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Dias
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Paredes
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital de Braga, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Ribeiro
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Maeda H, Hosomi R, Fukuda M, Ikeda Y, Yoshida M, Fukunaga K. Dietary Tuna Dark Muscle Protein Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis and Increases Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Obese Type-2 Diabetic/Obese KK-AyMice. J Food Sci 2017; 82:1231-1238. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Maeda
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science; Hirosaki Univ.; Hirosaki Aomori 036-8561 Japan
| | - Ryota Hosomi
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials, and Bioengineering; Kansai Univ.; Suita Osaka 564-8680 Japan
| | - Mari Fukuda
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science; Hirosaki Univ.; Hirosaki Aomori 036-8561 Japan
| | - Yuki Ikeda
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials, and Bioengineering; Kansai Univ.; Suita Osaka 564-8680 Japan
| | - Munehiro Yoshida
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials, and Bioengineering; Kansai Univ.; Suita Osaka 564-8680 Japan
| | - Kenji Fukunaga
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials, and Bioengineering; Kansai Univ.; Suita Osaka 564-8680 Japan
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Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Fischer K, Orav EJ, Dawson-Hughes B, Meyer U, Chocano-Bedoya PO, Meyer OW, Ernst R, Schietzel S, Eberli F, Staehelin HB, Freystätter G, Roas S, Theiler R, Egli A, Wilson NM. Statin Use and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Blood Level Response to Vitamin D Treatment of Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2017; 65:1267-1273. [PMID: 28240766 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether statin use alters response of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level to vitamin D treatment. DESIGN Pooled analysis. SETTING Three double-blind randomized controlled trials that tested different doses of vitamin D. PARTICIPANTS Participants of three trials (N = 646; mean age 76.3 ± 8.4, 65% female). MEASUREMENTS In all three trials, 25(OH)D status and statin use were assessed repeatedly over time (baseline, 6 and 12 months). Repeated-measures analysis was used to compare 25(OH)D response to vitamin D treatment at baseline and 6 and 12 months of statin users and nonusers, controlling for age, sex, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, vitamin D dose, trial, and season. RESULTS At baseline, 17.5% were statin users, and 65% were vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL). Baseline 25(OH)D levels did not differ significantly between groups at baseline (18.8 for statin users, 17.2 ng/mL for nonusers, P = .07), but according to the longitudinal analyses, the total increase over 12 months in 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in statin users (13.1 ng/L) than nonusers (15.9 ng/mL; 21.4% difference; P = .009). CONCLUSION Of persons aged 60 and older at high risk of vitamin D deficiency, statin users had a 21.4% smaller increase in 25(OH)D serum concentrations over time than nonusers, independent of vitamin D dose and other covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karina Fischer
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Endel J Orav
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bess Dawson-Hughes
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ursina Meyer
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patricia O Chocano-Bedoya
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Otto W Meyer
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Ernst
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simeon Schietzel
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz Eberli
- Department of Cardiology, Triemli City Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Gregor Freystätter
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Roas
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Theiler
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Egli
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas M Wilson
- Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
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Wei H, Tarling EJ, McMillen TS, Tang C, LeBoeuf RC. ABCG1 regulates mouse adipose tissue macrophage cholesterol levels and ratio of M1 to M2 cells in obesity and caloric restriction. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:2337-47. [PMID: 26489644 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m063354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to triacylglycerols, adipocytes contain a large reserve of unesterified cholesterol. During adipocyte lipolysis and cell death seen during severe obesity and weight loss, free fatty acids and cholesterol become available for uptake and processing by adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). We hypothesize that ATMs become cholesterol enriched and participate in cholesterol clearance from adipose tissue. We previously showed that ABCG1 is robustly upregulated in ATMs taken from obese mice and further enhanced by caloric restriction. Here, we found that ATMs taken from obese and calorie-restricted mice derived from transplantation of WT or Abcg1-deficient bone marrow are cholesterol enriched. ABCG1 levels regulate the ratio of classically activated (M1) to alternatively activated (M2) ATMs and their cellular cholesterol content. Using WT and Abcg1(-/-) cultured macrophages, we found that Abcg1 is most highly expressed by M2 macrophages and that ABCG1 deficiency is sufficient to retard macrophage chemotaxis. However, changes in myeloid expression of Abcg1 did not protect mice from obesity or impaired glucose homeostasis. Overall, ABCG1 modulates ATM cholesterol content in obesity and weight loss regimes leading to an alteration in M1 to M2 ratio that we suggest is due to the extent of macrophage egress from adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wei
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050 Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050
| | - Elizabeth J Tarling
- Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1737 Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1737
| | - Timothy S McMillen
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050 Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050
| | - Chongren Tang
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050 Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050
| | - Renée C LeBoeuf
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050 Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8050
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Yuan B, Wu C, Wang X, Wang D, Liu H, Guo L, Li XA, Han J, Feng H. High scavenger receptor class B type I expression is related to tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3581-8. [PMID: 26456958 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) has been linked to the development and progression of breast cancer. However, its clinical significance in breast cancer remains unclear. Here, we evaluated SR-BI expression in a well-characterized breast cancer tissue microarray by immunohistochemistry. High SR-BI expression was observed in 54 % of all breast cancer cases and was significantly associated with advanced pTNM stage (P = 0.002), larger tumor size (P = 0.023), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.012), and the absence of ER (P = 0.014). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with high SR-BI expression had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (P = 0.004). Moreover, multivariate analysis with adjustment for other prognostic factors confirmed that SR-BI was an independent prognostic factor for patient outcome (P = 0.017). Overall, our study demonstrated that high SR-BI expression was related to conventional parameters indicative of more aggressive tumor type and may serve as a new prognostic marker for poor clinical outcome in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoying Yuan
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshun Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 741 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Huiling Liu
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-An Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 741 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Junqing Han
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Feng
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.
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Zhong Q, Zhao S, Yu B, Wang X, Matyal R, Li Y, Jiang Z. High-density lipoprotein increases the uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein via PPARγ/CD36 pathway in inflammatory adipocytes. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:256-65. [PMID: 25678844 PMCID: PMC4323365 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.10258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Previous studies have demonstrated that the dysregulated-secretion of adipokines by adipocytes may contribute to obesity-associated atherosclerosis (As) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) may protect against atherogenesis through multiple pathways. This study was to explore the effect of HDL on the oxLDL uptake in inflammatory adipocytes stimulated by endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the possible mechanism. Methods and Results: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were cultured and induced to differentiation and maturation. Acute inflammation in adipocytes was induced by LPS (100 ng/ml) for 6 hours. The adipocytes were pretreated with HDL in various concentrations (10, 50, 100 μg/ml) for 16 hours or with specific PPARγ antagonist (GW9662, 10 μM) or agonist (Rosiglitazone, 10 μM) for 30 min before administration of LPS. The results showed that LPS significantly increased the release of inflammation-related adipokines, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6, while decreasing the release of leptin and adiponectin. Meanwhile, LPS reduced the uptake and degradation of 125I-oxLDL, and down-regulated the expression of PPARγ and CD36. Pretreatment with HDL dose-dependently affected the release of IL-8 and IL-6 and the reduced uptake and degradation of oxLDL of adipocytes stimulated by LPS, accompanied with marked upregulation of PPARγ and CD36 expression. Pretreatment with GW9662 markedly inhibited the upregulation of CD36 expression mediated by HDL (100 μg/ml), while the effects of Rosiglitazone were opposite to GW9662. Conclusions: HDL may increase oxLDL uptake of inflammatory adipocytes stimulated by LPS via upregulation of PPARγ/CD36 pathway, which may be a new mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis mediated by HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqing Zhong
- 1. Post-doctoral Mobile Stations for Basic Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China ; 2. Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, 423000, China ; 3. Department of Cardiology, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Shuiping Zhao
- 3. Department of Cardiology, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Bilian Yu
- 3. Department of Cardiology, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xing Wang
- 4. Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Robina Matyal
- 5. Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yunping Li
- 5. Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- 1. Post-doctoral Mobile Stations for Basic Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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13
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Yavuz B, Ertugrul DT. Statins and vitamin D: A hot topic that will be discussed for a long time. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2012; 4:8-9. [PMID: 22870345 PMCID: PMC3408997 DOI: 10.4161/derm.20188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Carlucci A, Cigliano L, Maresca B, Spagnuolo MS, Di Salvo G, Calabrò R, Abrescia P. LCAT cholesterol esterification is associated with the increase of ApoE/ApoA-I ratio during atherosclerosis progression in rabbit. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68:541-53. [PMID: 22562159 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I and Apolipoprotein E promote different steps of reverse cholesterol transport, including lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase stimulation. Our aim was to study the changes in the levels of Apolipoprotein A-I, Apolipoprotein E, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity during atherosclerosis progression in rabbits. Quantitative echocardiographic parameters were analyzed in order to evaluate, for the first time, whether atherosclerosis progression in rabbit is associated to apolipoproteins changes and alteration of indices of cardiac function, such as systolic strain and strain rate of the left ventricle. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding rabbits for 8 weeks with 2 % cholesterol diet. The HDL levels of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters were measured by HPLC. The lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity was evaluated both ex vivo, as cholesteryl esters/cholesterol molar ratio, and in vitro. Apolipoproteins levels were analyzed by ELISA. The HDL levels of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters increased, during treatment, up to 3.7- and 2.5-fold, respectively, compared to control animals. The lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity in vitro was halved after 4 weeks. During cholesterol treatment, Apolipoprotein A-I level significantly decreased, whereas Apolipoprotein E concentration markedly increased. The molar ratio Apolipoprotein E/Apolipoprotein A-I was negatively correlated with the enzyme activity, and positively correlated with both increases in the intima-media thickness of common carotid wall and cardiac dysfunction signs, such as systolic strain and strain rate of the left ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Carlucci
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche-Sezione di Fisiologia ed Igiene, Università di Napoli Federico II, via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Naples, Italy
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Effect of atorvastatin with or without prednisolone on Freund's adjuvant induced-arthritis in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 676:34-40. [PMID: 22197001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease where cardiovascular diseases have been recognized as major determinants of early morbidity and mortality. Recently, there has been renewed interest in medication with glucocorticoids to decrease joint damage, but in long-term they incur substantial increase in the risk of cardiovascular diseases and their overall risk/benefit ratio is deemed unfavorable. So, the proposed role of statins in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis when corticosteroids indicated as traditional therapy needs to be investigated. Fifty albino rats were divided into 5 equal groups; normal control group, Freund's adjuvant induced arthritis group, group of induced arthritis treated with atorvastatin, group of induced arthritis treated with prednisolone, and group of induced arthritis treated with atorvastatin and prednisolone. The change in paw volume, serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), paraoxonase1 (PON1) activity, nitrites, C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile was determined. The results revealed that treatment by atorvastatin in combination with prednisolone produced better satisfactory results than in either remedy alone evidenced by significant decrease in volume of hind paw, levels of MDA, nitrites, CRP, significant increase in PON1 activity and HDL and amelioration of other lipid profile parameters that were impaired by prednisolone. The present work demonstrated that statins exert beneficial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects beyond their basic cholesterol-lowering activity. Thus, we suggest that if corticosteroid therapy is indicated in rheumatoid arthritis, atorvastatin could be added to get benefit from its pleiotropic effects. However, further studies are needed to verify to what extent statin therapy contribute to clinical benefits in human.
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Edgel KA, McMillen TS, Wei H, Pamir N, Houston BA, Caldwell MT, Mai POT, Oram JF, Tang C, Leboeuf RC. Obesity and weight loss result in increased adipose tissue ABCG1 expression in db/db mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1821:425-34. [PMID: 22179025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is associated with several co-morbid conditions including diabetes, dyslipidemia, cancer, atherosclerosis and gallstones. Obesity is associated with low systemic inflammation and an accumulation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) that are thought to modulate insulin resistance. ATMs may also modulate adipocyte metabolism and take up lipids released during adipocyte lipolysis and cell death. We suggest that high levels of free cholesterol residing in adipocytes are released during these processes and contribute to ATM activation and accumulation during obesity and caloric restriction. Db/db mice were studied for extent of adipose tissue inflammation under feeding conditions of ad libitum (AL) and caloric restriction (CR). The major finding was a marked elevation in epididymal adipose ABCG1 mRNA levels with obesity and CR (6-fold and 16-fold, respectively) over that seen for lean wild-type mice. ABCG1 protein was also elevated for CR as compared to AL adipose tissue. ABCG1 is likely produced by cholesterol loaded ATMs since this gene is not highly expressed in adipocytes and ABCG1 expression is sterol mediated. Our data supports the concept that metabolic changes in adipocytes due to demand lipolysis and cell death lead to cholesterol loading of ATMs. Based on finding cholesterol-loaded peritoneal leukocytes with elevated levels of ABCG1 in CR as compared to AL mice, we suggest that pathways for cholesterol trafficking out of adipose tissue involve ATM egress as well as ABCG1 mediated cholesterol efflux. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Advances in High Density Lipoprotein Formation and Metabolism: A Tribute to John F. Oram (1945-2010).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Edgel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and the Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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17
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McGillicuddy FC, Reilly MP, Rader DJ. Adipose modulation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: implications for obesity, high-density lipoprotein metabolism, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2011; 124:1602-5. [PMID: 21986773 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.058453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Curcumin promotes cholesterol efflux from adipocytes related to PPARgamma-LXRalpha-ABCA1 passway. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 358:281-5. [PMID: 21748336 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0978-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin affects the functions of adipocytes. But it is not known whether curcumin has some effect on the cholesterol efflux process of adipocytes. Rabbit subcutaneous adipocytes were incubated with 5, 10 and 20 μg/ml curcumin for 24 h. The cholesterol efflux onto apoAI was assessed, and the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, liver X receptor (LXR) α and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mRNA expression in adipocytes were quantified by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Curcumin increased the cholesterol efflux from adipocytes in dose-dependent manner. The increased expression of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 caused by curcumin were parallel. When the adipocytes were pre-treated by GW9662, the increased expression of PPARγ induced by curcumin was partially prevented, subsequent to the down-regulation of LXRα and ABCA1. Curcumin can affect the cholesterol efflux from adipocytes by regulating the PPARγ-LXR-ABCA1 passway.
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Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) regulates perivascular macrophages and modifies amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer mouse model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:20816-21. [PMID: 21076037 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1005888107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is a high-density lipoprotein receptor that regulates cholesterol efflux from the peripheral tissues to the liver. SR-BI has been identified on astrocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells in Alzheimer's disease brain and has been shown to mediate adhesion of microglia to fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ). Here we report that SR-BI mediates perivascular macrophage response and regulates Aβ-related pathology and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in an Alzheimer's mouse model. Reduction or deletion of SR-BI gene in heterozygous or homozygous deficient mice (SR-BI(+/-), (-/-)) resulted in a significant increase in perivascular macrophages in the brain. SR-BI deletion had no effect on apolipoprotein E or apolipoprotein AI levels in the mouse brain. Our analysis revealed increased levels of SR-BI expression in the brains of human amyloid precursor protein (Swedish, Indiana) transgenic mice (J20 line). To evaluate the role of SR-BI in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, we inactivated one SR-BI allele in J20 transgenic mice. SR-BI reduction in J20/SR-BI(+/-) mice enhanced fibrillar amyloid deposition and cerebral amyloid angiopathy and also exacerbated learning and memory deficits compared with J20 littermates. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed localization of SR-BI on perivascular macrophages in tight association with Aβ deposits. Our data suggest that SR-BI reduction impairs the response of perivascular macrophages to Aβ and enhances the Aβ-related phenotype and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in J20 mice. These results reveal that SR-BI, a scavenger receptor primarily involved in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol transport, plays an essential role in Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
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20
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Zhang Y, McGillicuddy FC, Hinkle CC, O'Neill S, Glick JM, Rothblat GH, Reilly MP. Adipocyte modulation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Circulation 2010; 121:1347-55. [PMID: 20212278 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.897330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose harbors a large depot of free cholesterol. However, a role for adipose in cholesterol lipidation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in vivo is not established. We present the first evidence that adipocytes support transfer of cholesterol to HDL in vivo as well as in vitro and implicate ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), but not ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1), cholesterol transporters in this process. METHODS AND RESULTS Cholesterol efflux from wild-type, ABCA1(-/-), SR-BI(-/-), and ABCG1(-/-) adipocytes to apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL3 were measured in vitro. 3T3L1 adipocytes, labeled with (3)H-cholesterol, were injected intraperitoneally into wild-type, apoA-I transgenic, and apoA-I(-/-) mice, and tracer movement onto plasma HDL was monitored. Identical studies were performed with labeled wild-type, ABCA1(-/-), or SR-BI(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblast adipocytes. The effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on transporter expression and cholesterol efflux was monitored during adipocyte differentiation. Cholesterol efflux to apoA-I and HDL3 was impaired in ABCA1(-/-) and SR-BI(-/-) adipocytes, respectively, with no effect observed in ABCG1(-/-) adipocytes. Intraperitoneal injection of labeled 3T3L1 adipocytes resulted in increased HDL-associated (3)H-cholesterol in apoA-I transgenic mice but reduced levels in apoA-I(-/-) animals. Intraperitoneal injection of labeled ABCA1(-/-) or SR-BI(-/-) adipocytes reduced plasma counts relative to their respective controls. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha reduced both ABCA1 and SR-BI expression and impaired cholesterol efflux from partially differentiated adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a novel metabolic function of adipocytes in promoting cholesterol transfer to HDL in vivo and implicate adipocyte SR-BI and ABCA1, but not ABCG1, in this process. Furthermore, adipocyte modulation of HDL may be impaired in adipose inflammatory disease states such as type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuZhen Zhang
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA
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21
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Yamashita S, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Ohama T, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nishida M. Molecular Mechanisms of HDL-Cholesterol Elevation by Statins and Its Effects on HDL Functions. J Atheroscler Thromb 2010; 17:436-51. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.5405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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22
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Milazzo L, Meroni L, Galazzi M, Cesari M, Caramma I, Marchetti G, Galli M, Antinori S. Does fluvastatin favour HCV replication in vivo? A pilot study on HIV-HCV coinfected patients. J Viral Hepat 2009; 16:479-84. [PMID: 19215577 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fluvastatin showed anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity in vitro, through the inhibition of geranylgeranylation of cellular proteins, and a synergistic effect with interferon (IFN)-alpha. Nevertheless statins up-regulate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, required for HCV cell entry, and the closely related scavenger receptors SRBI and CD36; moreover they reduce class II major histocompatibility complex expression on antigen presenting cell, modulating T-cell activation. In vivo LDL levels have been identified as prognostic indicator of sustained viral response to IFN in patients with HCV infection, suggesting that lipid-lowering agents might conversely favour HCV entry into the hepatocytes and translate into higher viral replication. We evaluated the effect of fluvastatin on HCV-RNA levels, CD36 expression and T-cell homeostasis in HCV-RNA positive patients. HCV-RNA was measured at baseline and after 4 weeks in 42 HCV/HIV-1 co-infected patients, randomized to receive either fluvastatin 80 mg qd or no treatment. CD36 expression and markers of T-cell activation were evaluated by means of flow cytometry. Plasma interleukin (IL)-10, IFN-gamma and IL-7 were measured by ELISA. Serum cholesterol and LDL decreased significantly in the treatment group (P = 0.0001 and 0.01, respectively). Surprisingly a significant increase of HCV-RNA levels was seen after 4 weeks of fluvastatin (P = 0.03). The percentages of naive/activated/apoptotic cells and CD36 expression remained unchanged. Fluvastatin did not inhibit HCV-RNA replication in vivo; conversely we observed a significant increase of HCV-RNA levels. CD36 expression on monocytes were not up-regulated by statins as previously reported in vitro. The correlation between HCV infectivity, oxidized-LDL receptor and statins in HCV infection need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Milazzo
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Kimura T, Mogi C, Tomura H, Kuwabara A, Im DS, Sato K, Kurose H, Murakami M, Okajima F. Induction of scavenger receptor class B type I is critical for simvastatin enhancement of high-density lipoprotein-induced anti-inflammatory actions in endothelial cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 181:7332-40. [PMID: 18981156 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.10.7332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Changes in plasma lipoprotein profiles, especially low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), are a common biomarker for several inflammatory and immune diseases, including atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. We examined the effect of simvastatin on HDL-induced anti-inflammatory actions. HDL and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid component of the lipoprotein, inhibited TNF alpha-induced expression of VCAM-1, which was associated with NO synthase (NOS) activation, in human umbilical venous endothelial cells. The HDL- but not S1P-induced anti-inflammatory actions were enhanced by a prior treatment of the cells with simvastatin in a manner sensitive to mevalonic acid. Simvastatin stimulated the expression of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) and endothelial NOS. As for S1P receptors, however, the statin inhibited the expression of S1P(3) receptor mRNA but caused no detectable change in S1P(1) receptor expression. The reconstituted HDL, a stimulator of SR-BI, mimicked HDL actions in a simvastatin-sensitive manner. The HDL- and reconstituted HDL-induced actions were blocked by small interfering RNA specific to SR-BI regardless of simvastatin treatment. The statin-induced expression of SR-BI was attenuated by constitutively active RhoA and small interfering RNA specific to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha. Administration of simvastatin in vivo stimulated endothelial SR-BI expression, which was accompanied by the inhibition of the ex vivo monocyte adhesion in aortas from TNF alpha-injected mice. In conclusion, simvastatin induces endothelial SR-BI expression through a RhoA- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha-dependent mechanism, thereby enhancing the HDL-induced activation of NOS and the inhibition of adhesion molecule expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kimura
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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24
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Plummer MR, Hasty AH. Atherosclerotic lesion formation and triglyceride storage in obese apolipoprotein AI-deficient mice. J Nutr Biochem 2008; 19:664-73. [PMID: 18280133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Obese leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice have increased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and a unique lipoprotein referred to as low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/HDL1. When crossed onto an apolipoprotein AI (apoAI)-deficient (-/-) background, ob/ob;apoAI-/- mice accumulate LDL/HDL1 in the absence of traditional HDL. To determine the role of LDL/HDL1 in atherosclerosis, C57BL/6, apoAI-/-, ob/ob and ob/ob;apoAI-/- mice were placed on butterfat diet. After 20 weeks, all four groups had a significant increase in total cholesterol levels. The cholesterol in C57BL/6 mice was carried on very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL and, in ob/ob and ob/ob;apoAI-/- mice, on HDL and LDL/HDL1. Atherosclerotic lesion area was similar among C57BL/6, ob/ob and ob/ob;apoAI-/- groups despite their dissimilar lipoprotein profiles. Hepatic triglyceride production and VLDL clearance rates were similar among the four groups. The ob/ob;apoAI-/- group had a significant decrease in liver weight and an increase in white adipose tissue (WAT) weight compared to the ob/ob group. Hepatic scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) levels were decreased in both liver and WAT in ob/ob;apoAI-/- compared to ob/ob mice. Conclusions regarding the atherogenicity of LDL/HDL1 were confounded by the differences in lipoprotein profiles among the four groups. However, our studies provide support for the concept that apoAI and SR-BI assist in the partitioning of lipid from adipose tissue to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Plummer
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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25
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Zhao SP, Dong SZ. Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on cholesterol efflux in adipocytes. Clin Chim Acta 2007; 389:67-71. [PMID: 18155667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2007.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) has multiple effects on adipocyte, including cell differentiation, lipolysis and the production of adipokines. It is not known whether TNF-alpha has effect on cholesterol efflux in adipocyte. METHODS Rabbit subcutaneous adipocytes were incubated with 5, 10, 20 ng/ml TNF-alpha for 24 h. The cholesterol efflux onto apoAI was assessed, and the related peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma, liver X receptor (LXR) alpha and ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mRNA expression in adipocytes were quantified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Treatment of adipocytes with 5 or 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha for 24 h increased cholesterol efflux, and the effect of 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha was significant higher than the control group. In contrast, 20 ng/ml TNF-alpha decreased cholesterol efflux compared with 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha. The expression of ABCA1 was increased by 5 ng/ml or 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha compared with control group, and was inhibited by 20 ng/ml TNF-alpha. The PPARgamma and LXRalpha mRNA were also significantly induced by 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha and down regulated by higher TNF-alpha concentration. After pre-treated by GW9662, the expression of PPARgamma induced by TNF-alpha was partially prevented, subsequent to the down-regulation of LXRalpha and ABCA1. CONCLUSIONS TNF-alpha affects cholesterol efflux and ABCA1 expression of adipocytes, and the pathway of PPARgamma-LXRalpha-ABCA1 is probably involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Ping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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Saraswathi V, Gao L, Morrow JD, Chait A, Niswender KD, Hasty AH. Fish oil increases cholesterol storage in white adipose tissue with concomitant decreases in inflammation, hepatic steatosis, and atherosclerosis in mice. J Nutr 2007; 137:1776-82. [PMID: 17585030 DOI: 10.1093/jn/137.7.1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fish oil has hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic properties, the potential for white adipose tissue (WAT) to mediate these effects has not been studied. LDL-receptor deficient (LDLR-/-) mice were fed high fat, olive oil-containing diets supplemented with additional olive oil or with fish oil for 12 wk. Fish oil feeding significantly reduced plasma lipid levels. In contrast, lipid storage in WAT was increased in fish oil-fed mice as evidenced by increased total fat (P < 0.05) and perigonadal WAT mass (P < 0.05), increased cholesterol storage (P < 0.001), and adipocyte hypertrophy. Despite increased adipose tissue mass, WAT-specific inflammation and insulin sensitivity were improved (P < 0.05), concomitant with reduced macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, fish oil increased WAT and plasma levels of adiponectin. In addition, fish oil feeding decreased the formation of proinflammatory F2- isoprostanes, markers of oxidative stress (P < 0.05). The increased WAT lipid storage in fish oil-fed mice was associated with reduced lipid accumulation in liver (P < 0.05) and decreased atherosclerotic lesion area (P < 0.05). Taken together, these data highlight the specific role of WAT in regulating dietary fish oil-mediated improvement in systemic lipid homeostasis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Bolayirli IM, Aslan M, Balci H, Altug T, Hacibekiroglu M, Seven A. Effects of atorvastatin therapy on hypercholesterolemic rabbits with respect to oxidative stress, nitric oxide pathway and homocysteine. Life Sci 2007; 81:121-7. [PMID: 17532348 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2006] [Revised: 03/22/2007] [Accepted: 04/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is characterized with changes in lipid profile, nitric oxide pathway and oxidative stress markers. This study is designed to evaluate the effects of hypercholesterolemic diet and atorvastatin therapy on oxidative stress, lipid peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), NO pathway markers, nitric oxide(NO) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), homocysteine, and paraoxonase activity (PON1) in rabbits. Twenty rabbits fed with high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups on the fourth week of the hypercholesterolemic diet. First group was fed with high-cholesterol diet alone, whereas the second group with the same cholesterol diet plus atorvastatin (0.3 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. High-cholesterol diet increased total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), ADMA, TBARS and lipid peroxide levels and reduced PON1 activity and NO levels in rabbits. Four weeks of atorvastatin therapy significantly increased HDL-C, PON1 activity and reduced LDL-C, TBARS and lipid peroxide concentrations. Atorvastatin therapy is beneficial in decreasing oxidative stress related with hypercholesterolemia, mainly affecting lipid profile and PON1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Murat Bolayirli
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Fikret Biyal Central Research Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Mäuser W, Perwitz N, Meier B, Fasshauer M, Klein J. Direct adipotropic actions of atorvastatin: differentiation state-dependent induction of apoptosis, modulation of endocrine function, and inhibition of glucose uptake. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 564:37-46. [PMID: 17376428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Revised: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Statins exert anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic actions. The mechanisms responsible for these effects remain only partially elucidated. Diabetes and obesity are characterized by low-grade inflammation. Metabolic and endocrine adipocyte dysfunction is known to play a crucial role in the development of these disorders and the related cardiovascular complications. Thus, direct modulation of adipocyte function may represent a mechanism of pleiotropic statin actions. We investigated effects of atorvastatin on apoptosis, differentiation, endocrine, and metabolic functions in murine white and brown adipocyte lines. Direct exposure of differentiating preadipocytes to atorvastatin strongly reduced lipid accumulation and diminished protein expression of the differentiation marker CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-beta (CEBP-beta). In fully differentiated adipocytes, however, lipid accumulation remained unchanged after chronic atorvastatin treatment. Furthermore, cell viability was reduced in response to atorvastatin treatment in proliferating and differentiating preadipocytes, but not in differentiated cells. Moreover, atorvastatin induced apoptosis and inhibited protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in proliferating and differentiating preadipocytes, but not in differentiated adipocytes. On the endocrine level, direct atorvastatin treatment of differentiated white adipocytes enhanced expression of the pro-inflammatory adipokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), and downregulated expression of the insulin-mimetic and anti-inflammatory adipokines visfatin and adiponectin. Finally, these direct adipotropic endocrine effects of atorvastatin were paralleled by the acute inhibition of insulin-induced glucose uptake in differentiated white adipocytes, while protein expression of the thermogenic uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) in brown adipocytes remained unchanged. Taken together, our data for the first time demonstrate direct differentiation state-dependent effects of atorvastatin including apoptosis, modulation of pro-inflammatory and glucostatic adipokine expression, and insulin resistance in adipose cells. These differential interactions may explain variable clinical observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Mäuser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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Zhao SP, Wu ZH, Hong SC. Reply to the letter to the editor by Tancevski and Ritsch. Clin Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tancevski I, Ritsch A. Comment on 'Effect of atorvastatin on SR-BI expression and HDL-induced cholesterol efflux in adipocytes of hypercholesterolemic rabbits' by Zhao et al. (Clin Chim Acta 2006; 365: 119-24). Clin Chim Acta 2006; 373:193; author reply 194. [PMID: 16797520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Accepted: 05/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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