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Zhao KN, Dimeski G, Masci P, Johnson L, Wang J, de Jersey J, Grant M, Lavin MF. Generation of Rapid and High-Quality Serum by Recombinant Prothrombin Activator Ecarin (RAPClot™). Biomolecules 2024; 14:645. [PMID: 38927049 PMCID: PMC11201583 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We recently reported the potential application of recombinant prothrombin activator ecarin (RAPClot™) in blood diagnostics. In a new study, we describe RAPClot™ as an additive to develop a novel blood collection prototype tube that produces the highest quality serum for accurate biochemical analyte determination. The drying process of the RAPClot™ tube generated minimal effect on the enzymatic activity of the prothrombin activator. According to the bioassays of thrombin activity and plasma clotting, γ-radiation (>25 kGy) resulted in a 30-40% loss of the enzymatic activity of the RAPClot™ tubes. However, a visual blood clotting assay revealed that the γ-radiation-sterilized RAPClot™ tubes showed a high capacity for clotting high-dose heparinized blood (8 U/mL) within 5 min. This was confirmed using Thrombelastography (TEG), indicating full clotting efficiency under anticoagulant conditions. The storage of the RAPClot™ tubes at room temperature (RT) for greater than 12 months resulted in the retention of efficient and effective clotting activity for heparinized blood in 342 s. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity of the RAPClot™ tubes sterilized with an electron-beam (EB) was significantly greater than that with γ-radiation. The EB-sterilized RAPClot™ tubes stored at RT for 251 days retained over 70% enzyme activity and clotted the heparinized blood in 340 s after 682 days. Preliminary clinical studies revealed in the two trials that 5 common analytes (K, Glu, lactate dehydrogenase (LD), Fe, and Phos) or 33 analytes determined in the second study in the γ-sterilized RAPClot™ tubes were similar to those in commercial tubes. In conclusion, the findings indicate that the novel RAPClot™ blood collection prototype tube has a significant advantage over current serum or lithium heparin plasma tubes for routine use in measuring biochemical analytes, confirming a promising application of RAPClot™ in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kong-Nan Zhao
- Australian Institute of Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia (L.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Goce Dimeski
- Chemical Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia;
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paul Masci
- Australian Institute of Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia (L.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Lambro Johnson
- Australian Institute of Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia (L.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Australian Institute of Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia (L.J.); (J.W.)
| | - John de Jersey
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Michael Grant
- Q-Sera Pty Ltd., Level 9, 31 Queen St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Martin F. Lavin
- Australian Institute of Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia (L.J.); (J.W.)
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
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Tokumaru M, Ohba K, Kashiwabara Y, Takase H, Hayashi C, Iwaki T, Suzuki Y, Matsushita A, Sasaki S, Suda T, Maekawa M. Falsely elevated thyroid hormone levels associated with fibrin interference in patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. Ann Clin Biochem 2023:45632231159280. [PMID: 36750429 DOI: 10.1177/00045632231159280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Unique clinical courses were observed in two asymptomatic patients receiving warfarin who referred to our hospital because of suspected central hyperthyroidism. We eventually diagnosed these patients with falsely elevated thyroid hormone levels caused by macroscopically invisible fibrin. Although false results caused by fibrin interference in vitro have been identified in various immunoassays, especially in blood samples from patients receiving anticoagulant therapy, no studies on thyroid function testing have been reported. The experience in evaluating these cases prompted us to investigate the independent influence of oral anticoagulants via putative fibrin interference on thyroid function testing. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed known contributing factors that affect thyroid function testing including age, gender, medication history, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and the seasons of hospital visits from participants who presented the Department of Health Checkup between April 2010 and December 2020. RESULTS A propensity-matched analysis revealed that the median serum free thyroxine levels under oral anticoagulant were significantly higher (17.9 pmol/L, n = 60) than those without anticoagulants (16.0 pmol/L, n = 60; p < 0.001). It was noted that this difference was the largest among contributing factors we analyzed. No significant differences were noted in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. CONCLUSIONS We report two patients receiving warfarin with falsely elevated thyroid hormone levels caused by fibrin interference resembling central hyperthyroidism for the first time. Our retrospective study suggests that the medication status of oral anticoagulants should be considered when evaluating thyroid function tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Tokumaru
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohba
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Enshu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Medical Education Center, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kashiwabara
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takase
- Department of Internal Medicine, Enshu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Chiga Hayashi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takayuki Iwaki
- Department of Pharmacology, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Suzuki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Enshu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Akio Matsushita
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Sasaki
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Maekawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 12793Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Bastin A, Fooladi S, Doustimotlagh AH, Vakili S, Aminizadeh AH, Faramarz S, Shiri H, Nematollahi MH. A comparative study on the effect of blood collection tubes on stress oxidative markers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266567. [PMID: 35385561 PMCID: PMC8985951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has a major role in disease pathogenesis. However, limited studies have investigated the effect of various sample collection tubes on oxidative biomarkers. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different collection tubes on the variation of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), total thiol (t-SH), and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) levels. A total of 35 individuals participated in this study and each collected sample was separated into three different tubes: glass tubes (GTs), plain plastic tubes (PTs), and gel separator tubes (GSTs). The results of PTs and GSTs were compared to those of GTs as the reference tube. The comparison between the means of biomarkers in various tubes indicated that there was no significant difference in MDA results between tubes. In contrast, t-SH and NO content were significantly decreased in GSTs and PTs compared to GTs. However, the Bland-Altman analysis showed an acceptable concordance for the mentioned analytes and the statistically significant differences were not clinically significant for NO, MDA, and t-SH antioxidant parameters. Moreover, the FRAP level was considerably lower in GSTs compared to GTs. Nevertheless, the Bland-Altman analysis showed a high bias percentage for the FRAP assay when using PTs and GSTs. According to the present results, it can be concluded that switching to plastic blood collection tubes or serum separation tubes could influence the FRAP results. However, there was no interference for the interpretation of other antioxidant assays in different types of collection tubes. Hence, it is suggested to use GTs for total antioxidant capacity evaluations, especially the FRAP assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Bastin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Saba Fooladi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Sina Vakili
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Sanaz Faramarz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Shiri
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Herbal and Traditional Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- * E-mail: ,
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Everds NE. Deciphering Sources of Variability in Clinical Pathology-It's Not Just about the Numbers. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 45:275-280. [PMID: 28178898 DOI: 10.1177/0192623316680783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Preanalytical variables can have significant impacts on clinical pathology parameters evaluated during the conduct of a nonclinical safety or toxicity study. These preanalytical variables can be controlled by careful attention to factors such as animal dietary status (diet composition, fasted, and fed state), restraint and anesthesia, intercurrent procedures, timing of clinical pathology collections, and proficiency of animal technicians. The impact of preanalytical variables on test results can be significant enough to result in difficult interpretations and/or regulatory questions or can obfuscate the effects of a test article. Control of preanalytical variables starts with knowledge of what processes and procedures impact test results. Minimizing these effects improves the quality of results and maximizes the value of the study.
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Analysis of amino acids in human blood using UHPLC-MS/MS: Potential interferences of storage time and vacutainer tube in pre-analytical procedure. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:1372-1378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Bowen RA, Kim SC, Sattayapiwat A, Austria-Esguerra V, Zare RN. Performance of chemically modified plastic blood collection tubes. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:90-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Danese E, Lima-Oliveira G, Brocco G, Guidi GC. Inversion of lithium heparin gel tubes after centrifugation is a significant source of bias in clinical chemistry testing. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 436:183-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bowen RAR, Remaley AT. Interferences from blood collection tube components on clinical chemistry assays. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2014; 24:31-44. [PMID: 24627713 PMCID: PMC3936985 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2014.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Improper design or use of blood collection devices can adversely affect the accuracy of laboratory test results. Vascular access devices, such as catheters and needles, exert shear forces during blood flow, which creates a predisposition to cell lysis. Components from blood collection tubes, such as stoppers, lubricants, surfactants, and separator gels, can leach into specimens and/or adsorb analytes from a specimen; special tube additives may also alter analyte stability. Because of these interactions with blood specimens, blood collection devices are a potential source of pre-analytical error in laboratory testing. Accurate laboratory testing requires an understanding of the complex interactions between collection devices and blood specimens. Manufacturers, vendors, and clinical laboratorians must consider the pre-analytical challenges in laboratory testing. Although other authors have described the effects of endogenous substances on clinical assay results, the effects/impact of blood collection tube additives and components have not been well systematically described or explained. This review aims to identify and describe blood collection tube additives and their components and the strategies used to minimize their effects on clinical chemistry assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffick A R Bowen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Bowen RAR, Sattayapiwat A, Gounden V, Remaley AT. Blood collection tube-related alterations in analyte concentrations in quality control material and serum specimens. Clin Biochem 2013; 47:150-7. [PMID: 24240064 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several previous studies have described the effects of interfering substances on clinical assay results; however, the effects of exogenous substances, particularly additives from blood collection tubes on quality control (QC) specimens and serum specimens have not been well examined. This study examines the effects of blood-collection tube additives on total triiodothyronine (TT3), and thyroxine (TT4), cortisol, and routine clinical chemistry tests in QC and serum specimens from apparently healthy volunteers. METHODS QC and serum specimens were poured or collected into different blood collection tubes. TT3 and TT4, cortisol, and routine chemistry tests were analyzed from the different blood-collection tube types. RESULTS The findings of this study demonstrate statistically and/or clinically significant blood collection tube-related alterations in the TT3, TT4, and cortisol concentrations of QC specimens and TT4 concentrations from serum specimens. CONCLUSIONS These findings have important implications for clinical laboratories, demonstrating that QC specimens should ideally, like patients' specimens, be poured into blood collection tubes. This strategy would reveal any adverse effects caused by blood collection tubes, which otherwise would not likely be detected by most routine QC practices. The results of this study also show the importance of producing blood collection tubes that contain additives that are truly inert and do not adversely affect clinical laboratory testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffick A R Bowen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | | | - Verena Gounden
- Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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10
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Nonesterified fatty acids and development of graft failure in renal transplant recipients. Transplantation 2013; 95:1383-9. [PMID: 23524974 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e31828b8f9b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic transplant dysfunction is the most common cause of graft failure on the long term. Proteinuria is one of the cardinal clinical signs of chronic transplant dysfunction. Albumin-bound fatty acids (FA) have been hypothesized to be instrumental in the etiology of renal damage induced by proteinuria. We therefore questioned whether high circulating FA could be associated with an increased risk for future development of graft failure in renal transplant recipients (RTR). To this end, we prospectively investigated the association of fasting concentrations of circulating nonesterified FA (NEFA) with the development of graft failure in RTR. METHODS Baseline measurements were performed between 2001 and 2003 in outpatient RTR with a functioning graft of more than 1 year. Follow-up was recorded until May 19, 2009. Graft failure was defined as return to dialysis or retransplantation. RESULTS We included 461 RTR at a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 6.1 (3.3-11.3) years after transplantation. Median (IQR) fasting concentrations of NEFA were 373 (270-521) μM/L. Median (IQR) follow-up for graft failure beyond baseline was 7.1 (6.1-7.5) years. Graft failure occurred in 23 (15%), 14 (9%), and 9 (6%) of RTR across increasing gender-specific tertiles of NEFA (P=0.04). In a gender-adjusted Cox-regression analysis, log-transformed NEFA level was inversely associated with the development of graft failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.81; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this prospective cohort study in RTR, we found an inverse association between fasting NEFA concentrations and risk for development of graft failure. This association suggests a renoprotective rather than a tubulotoxic effect of NEFA. Further studies on the role of different types of NEFA in the progression of renal disease are warranted.
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Schouwers S, Brandt I, Willemse J, Van Regenmortel N, Uyttenbroeck W, Wauters A, Neels H. Influence of separator gel in Sarstedt S-Monovette® serum tubes on various therapeutic drugs, hormones, and proteins. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:100-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Bensoussan D, Jeulin H, Decot V, Agrinier N, Venard V. Analyses of the effects of collection and processing time on the results of serology testing of cadaveric cornea donors. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 68:40-5. [PMID: 20727468 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Serologic testing results are one of the major reasons for discarding donor corneas. This study assessed the prevalence of serologic markers and the times of preanalytic steps. The prevalence of serologic markers in 705 cornea donors of the Lorraine region was studied. One hundred forty-one (20%) corneas were discarded on the basis of serologic testing. In a subsample of 180 consecutive cornea donors, data concerning the time of death, sampling, and serology testing were collected. When the time between death and sampling did not exceed 8 h (n = 122), immediate decantation (separation of serum from clot) led to less discarding of corneas than delayed decantation (2/46 [4.3%] discarded in the group with immediate decantation versus 13/76 [17.1%] discarded in the group with delayed decantation [P = 0.038]). For blood samples collected within 8 h of death, the rate of reactive results is significantly lower if samples are immediately decanted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danièle Bensoussan
- CHU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie cellulaire et Tissus, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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13
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Wei YH, Zhang CB, Yang XW, Ji MD. The Feasibility of Using Lithium-Heparin Plasma From a Gel Separator Tube as a Substitute for Serum in Clinical Biochemical Tests. Lab Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1309/lmixvai70ks0uwqi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Mathew G, Zwart SR, Smith SM. Stability of blood analytes after storage in BD SST™ tubes for 12 mo. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:1732-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bowen RAR, Hortin GL, Csako G, Otañez OH, Remaley AT. Impact of blood collection devices on clinical chemistry assays. Clin Biochem 2009; 43:4-25. [PMID: 19822139 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Blood collection devices interact with blood to alter blood composition, serum, or plasma fractions and in some cases adversely affect laboratory tests. Vascular access devices may release coating substances and exert shear forces that lyse cells. Blood-dissolving tube additives can affect blood constituent stability and analytical systems. Blood tube stoppers, stopper lubricants, tube walls, surfactants, clot activators, and separator gels may add materials, adsorb blood components, or interact with protein and cellular components. Thus, collection devices can be a major source of preanalytical error in laboratory testing. Device manufacturers, laboratory test vendors, and clinical laboratory personnel must understand these interactions as potential sources of error during preanalytical laboratory testing. Although the effects of endogenous blood substances have received attention, the effects of exogenous substances on assay results have not been well described. This review will identify sources of exogenous substances in blood specimens and propose methods to minimize their impact on clinical chemistry assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffick A R Bowen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room H1507 B, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Bar-Yosef Ofir P, Zdyrko B, Santore MM. Competitive Coadsorption Dynamics in Surfactant−Copolymer Formulations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie800791h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pazit Bar-Yosef Ofir
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Bogdan Zdyrko
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Maria M. Santore
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Daves M, Trevisan D, Cemin R. Different collection tubes in cardiac biomarkers detection. J Clin Lab Anal 2009; 22:391-4. [PMID: 19021266 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The role played by different collection tubes is one of the more frequently forgotten parameters, which influences the quality of laboratory results.We aimed to determine whether there is a significant difference in assay of myoglobin, cardiac troponin I, and CK-MB depending on the presence of anticoagulant and gel separator in the collecting tubes.Blood samples were collected in 40 consecutive patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome. The samples were taken at the same moment in three different tubes (tubes without anticoagulant and with gel separator, heparin tubes with gel separator and heparin tubes without gelseparator;Venosafe, Terumo Europe, Leuven Belgium). Myoglobin, CK-MB and cardiac troponin I were measured with a double side (sandwich) chemiluminescent immuenzymatic assay (Access Myoglobin, Access CK-MB, Access AccuTnI).Cardiac troponin I was not influenced by the type of collection tube used. On the contrary, myoglobin and CK-MB showed a statistical difference depending on the test tube. In particular, there was a significant difference between tubes without anticoagulant and with gel separator and tubes with heparin and without gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Daves
- Clinical Biochemical Laboratory, San Maurizio Regional Hospital, Bolzano, Italy.
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Song S, Kwon OH, Seok YM, Yoon S, Lee W. Use of EDTA-plasma gel-separating tubes for measurement of indocyanine green. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009; 47:1159-60. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2009.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sapin R. Interférences dans les immunodosages : mécanismes et conséquences en endocrinologie. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2008; 69:415-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2007] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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