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de Brito Chagas J, Cordinhã C, do Carmo C, Alves C, Heath KE, Sousa SB, Gomes C. Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets Type 1A in Two Siblings with a Hypomorphic CYP27B1 Variant Frequent in the African Population. J Pediatr Genet 2024; 13:43-49. [PMID: 38567179 PMCID: PMC10984714 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D-dependent type 1A rickets (VDDR-1A) is a rare autosomal recessive disease due to the inability to convert 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] to the active form 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1.25(OH) 2 D] by the enzyme 25(OH)D-1α-hydroxylase leading to low or low-normal serum levels of [1.25(OH) 2 D]. We report two sisters with rickets in whom the diagnosis of VDDR-1A was a challenge. They had normal 1.25(OH)2D levels, which are unusual with this condition but may be explained by the identified genotype. Both have compound heterozygous for two, most likely, hypomorphic CYP27B1 alleles: the novel p.(Arg117Gly) variant, and p.(Ala129Thr), which are present in 0.43% of the African population. This report illustrates the variability of clinical, laboratory, and radiological presentation between two sisters with the same genotype, during phases of faster or slower growth. Genetic testing was crucial for establishing the diagnosis that optimized the management and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana de Brito Chagas
- Pediatric Department, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra (HP-CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Cordinhã
- Pediatric Department, Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra (HP-CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carmen do Carmo
- Pediatric Department, Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra (HP-CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Alves
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra (HP-CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Karen E. Heath
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit and ERN-BOND, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain; CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sérgio B. Sousa
- Medical Genetics Unit, Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Centre and ERN-BOND, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Clara Gomes
- Pediatric Department, Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra (HP-CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
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Sharma A, Angnes L, Sattarahmady N, Negahdary M, Heli H. Electrochemical Immunosensors Developed for Amyloid-Beta and Tau Proteins, Leading Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:742. [PMID: 37504140 PMCID: PMC10377038 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurological disease and a serious cause of dementia, which constitutes a threat to human health. The clinical evidence has found that extracellular amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and intracellular tau proteins, which are derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP), are the leading biomarkers for accurate and early diagnosis of AD due to their central role in disease pathology, their correlation with disease progression, their diagnostic value, and their implications for therapeutic interventions. Their detection and monitoring contribute significantly to understanding AD and advancing clinical care. Available diagnostic techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), are mainly used to validate AD diagnosis. However, these methods are expensive, yield results that are difficult to interpret, and have common side effects such as headaches, nausea, and vomiting. Therefore, researchers have focused on developing cost-effective, portable, and point-of-care alternative diagnostic devices to detect specific biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and other biofluids. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in developing electrochemical immunosensors for detecting AD biomarkers (Aβ and p-tau protein) and their subtypes (AβO, Aβ(1-40), Aβ(1-42), t-tau, cleaved-tau (c-tau), p-tau181, p-tau231, p-tau381, and p-tau441). We also evaluated the key characteristics and electrochemical performance of developed immunosensing platforms, including signal interfaces, nanomaterials or other signal amplifiers, biofunctionalization methods, and even primary electrochemical sensing performances (i.e., sensitivity, linear detection range, the limit of detection (LOD), and clinical application).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sharma
- Solar Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Naghmeh Sattarahmady
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Hossein Heli
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Elkama A, Orhan G, Karahalil B. Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with vitamin D and calcium levels in Turkish multiple sclerosis patients. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2022; 12:323-331. [PMID: 35848285 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2022-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was conducted to assess the impact of gene (vitamin D receptor [VDR] polymorphisms) - environment (serum vitamin D and calcium levels) interaction on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Materials & methods: FokI, BsmI, TaqI and ApaI genotyping were performed in 149 MS patients and 127 controls. We measured serum vitamin D and calcium levels. Results: No significant difference between VDR polymorphisms and MS risk was detected. In patients with FokI ff, BsmI Bb, TaqI Tt and ApaI AA genotypes, vitamin D levels were statistically higher. Serum calcium levels were significantly lower in patients with FokI FF, Ff, all BsmI and TaqI genotypes and ApaI AA and Aa genotypes. Conclusion: No significant association was found between VDR polymorphisms with MS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Elkama
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06330, Turkey
| | - Gürdal Orhan
- Clinic of Neurology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospitals, Bilkent, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Bensu Karahalil
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06330, Turkey
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Zhang K, Ma X, Zhang R, Liu Z, Jiang L, Qin Y, Zhang D, Tian P, Gao Z, Zhang N, Shi Z, Xu S. Crosstalk Between Gut Microflora and Vitamin D Receptor SNPs Are Associated with the Risk of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Chinese Elderly Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:357-373. [PMID: 35599486 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: The interactions between environmental factors and genetic variants have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The altered gut microbiota (GM) and vitamin D deficiency are closely associated with the higher risk of AD. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate whether the crosstalk between GM and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) or vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) have a link with the risk of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) in the Chinese elderly population. Methods: A total of 171 aMCI patients and 261 cognitive normal controls (NC) were enrolled in this study. Six tag SNPs of VDR and VDBP were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. The serum levels of vitamin D, Aβ1-42, and p-tau (181P) were determined by using of ELISA kits. The alterations in the GM were analyzed by full-length 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Results: The frequencies of AG genotype and A allele of VDR rs1544410 in aMCI group were significantly higher than that in NC group (genotype: p = 0.002, allele: p = 0.003). Patients with aMCI showed an abnormal GM composition compared with NC group. Interestingly, significant differences in GM composition were found between aMCI and NC group among individuals with AG genotype, as well as between individuals with AG and GG genotype of VDR rs1544410 among patients with aMCI. Conclusion: These results implicated that the crosstalk between gut microflora and vitamin D receptor variants are associated with the risk of aMCI in Chinese elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixia Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center forBrain Science, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- HebeiKey Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Zanchao Liu
- Department ofEndocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center forBrain Science, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- HebeiKey Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Yushi Qin
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Pei Tian
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - ZhaoYu Gao
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center forBrain Science, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- HebeiKey Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center forBrain Science, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- HebeiKey Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Zhongli Shi
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center forBrain Science, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- HebeiKey Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Shunjiang Xu
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of HebeiMedical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center forBrain Science, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- HebeiKey Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, ChineseAcademy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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The beneficial cutoffs of vitamin D for metabolic syndrome varies by sex among the elderly Chinese population: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Res 2022; 104:91-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Blood-Based Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis and Progression: An Overview. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081367. [PMID: 35456047 PMCID: PMC9044750 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition and neurofibrillary tangle accumulation in the brain. Although several studies have been conducted to unravel the complex and interconnected pathophysiology of AD, clinical trial failure rates have been high, and no disease-modifying therapies are presently available. Fluid biomarker discovery for AD is a rapidly expanding field of research aimed at anticipating disease diagnosis and following disease progression over time. Currently, Aβ1–42, phosphorylated tau, and total tau levels in the cerebrospinal fluid are the best-studied fluid biomarkers for AD, but the need for novel, cheap, less-invasive, easily detectable, and more-accessible markers has recently led to the search for new blood-based molecules. However, despite considerable research activity, a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the main blood-based biomarker candidates is still lacking. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of proteins, lipids, metabolites, oxidative-stress-related molecules, and cytokines as possible disease biomarkers. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of the emerging miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as diagnostic tools, and we briefly present the role of vitamins and gut-microbiome-related molecules as novel candidates for AD detection and monitoring, thus offering new insights into the diagnosis and progression of this devastating disease.
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Arosio B, Rossi PD, Ferri E, Cesari M, Vitale G. Characterization of Vitamin D Status in Older Persons with Cognitive Impairment. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061142. [PMID: 35334800 PMCID: PMC8949190 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D exerts a role in the maintenance of cognitive abilities and in frailty. Although several studies evaluated the interactions between vitamin D and cognitive impairment, results were conflicting. In a cohort of community-dwelling older persons, we described the association between vitamin D levels and cognitive decline and all-cause dementia evaluating frailty’s contribution. Our cohort included 509 adults, aged 64–92 years: 176 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 59 with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), 26 with idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH), 133 with mixed dementia (MD) and 115 without cognitive decline. Frailty was measured by frailty index, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations through electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. We found a significant association between vitamin D levels and Mini Mental State Examination independently of cognitive impairment, age, sex and frailty. The patients with dementia (AD and MD) showed the lowest vitamin D levels, while MCI patients showed higher levels than the other groups. The most severe deficiency was observed in MD patients, the most aged as well as cognitively and functionally impaired. In conclusion, in our community-dwelling older persons investigated for a suspected cognitive impairment, we observed an association between vitamin D levels and cognitive decline, regardless of the frailty status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-55035405; Fax: +39-02-50320734
| | - Paolo Dionigi Rossi
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; (P.D.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Evelyn Ferri
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; (P.D.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Via Camaldoli 64, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Via Zucchi 18, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy
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Lv L, Zhang H, Tan X, Qin L, Peng X, Bai R, Xiao Q, Tan C, Liao H, Yan W, Tan J, Tang B, Wang C. Assessing the Effects of Vitamin D on Neural Network Function in Patients With Parkinson's Disease by Measuring the Fraction Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:763947. [PMID: 34987377 PMCID: PMC8721225 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.763947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, many studies have shown that low vitamin D (VD) levels may be related to an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: To explore the relationship between PD and VD levels, as well as to analyze the effects of VD on spontaneous brain activity and explore the possible mechanism of its involvement in PD risk. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we quantified the difference in VD levels between 330 PD patients and 209 healthy controls (HC) to explore the correlation between VD and PD risk. We also acquired resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 46 PD patients and 21 HC. The PD patients were divided into three groups according to 25(OH)D levels: PD patients with VD deficiency (PD + VDD), PD patients with VD insufficiency (PD + VDI), and PD patients with normal VD (PD + NVD). The effect of VD status on spontaneous neuronal activity in the whole brain was analyzed by measuring the fraction amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF). Results: Compared with HC, the PD patients had lower serum 25(OH)D levels (23.60 ± 7.27 vs. 25.60 ± 5.78, P < 0.001). The 25(OH)D level may have a potential dose-dependent effect on the risk of PD (P trend = 0.007). A high risk of PD was associated with VD deficiency [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL, OR = 2.319], and the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D concentration was associated with a high risk of PD (OR = 1.941). In the rs-fMRI study, PD + VDD patients had wider brain regions with altered fALFF than other PD groups when compared with the corresponding HC groups. Both PD + VDD and PD + VDI showed higher fALFF in the cuneus, left precuneus, calcarine cortex and right lingual, as well as lower fALFF in the left middle temporal gyrus. PD + VDD patients also showed higher fALFF in the left superior, middle and inferior frontal gyri, as well as the left precentral gyrus than HC. Among PD patients, there was only a statistically significant difference in fALFF between the PD + VDD and PD + NVD groups. Compared with the PD + NVD group, PD + VDD patients exhibited higher fALFF in the left precentral and left postcentral gyrus, as well as the left inferior parietal lobule. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that PD patients had lower serum VD levels than HC, and VD may have a potential dose-dependent effect on PD risk. Lower serum VD levels can affect the spontaneous neuronal activity of default-mode network (DMN) and visual pathway neurons in PD patients, providing a possible mechanism for its effect on PD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hainan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuling Tan
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lixia Qin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinke Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rongrong Bai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qile Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changlian Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiyan Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiqian Yan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Serum Vitamin D as a Biomarker in Autoimmune, Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12010130. [PMID: 35054296 PMCID: PMC8774449 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone regulating calcium-phosphorus homeostasis, immune response and brain function. In the past thirty years, an increasing number of cohort studies, meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials (RTCs) evaluated the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], which is considered the Vitamin D status biomarker, in patients affected by neurological, psychiatric and autoimmune diseases. Although an association between low 25(OH)D serum levels and the prevalence of these diseases has been found, it is still unclear whether the serum 25(OH)D measurement can be clinically useful as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and predicting treatment response in neurodegeneration, mental illness and immune-mediated disorders. The lack of standardized data, as well as discrepancies among the studies (in the analytical methods, cut-offs, endpoints and study sets), weakened the findings achieved, hindered pooling data, and, consequently, hampered drawing conclusions. This narrative review summarizes the main findings from the studies performed on serum 25(OH)D in neurological, psychiatric and autoimmune diseases, and clarifies whether or not serum 25(OH)D can be used as a reliable biomarker in these diseases.
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Wang R. Mendelian randomization study updates the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels on the risk of multiple sclerosis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:3. [PMID: 34980161 PMCID: PMC8722044 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies and previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have shown that genetically low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels are associated with a high susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS). The present MR study aims to update the causal estimates for the effects of 25OHD levels on MS risk. Methods To date, the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) for serum 25OHD (n = 401,460) and MS (14,498 MS cases and 24,091 controls) was used to assess the effect of serum 25OHD levels on MS. All participants were of European ancestry. The MR-egger_intercept test and Cochran’s Q statistic were used to determine the pleiotropy and the heterogeneity, respectively. MR-egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted (multiplicative random effects), simple mode, and weighted mode methods were used to evaluate the causal association of serum 25OHD levels with MS. Finally, the effect of a single 25OHD SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) on MS was used to test the SNP bias. Results One hundred and fifteen newly identified serum 25OHD genetic variants were extracted from a large-scale serum 25OHD GWAS dataset. The 20 most effective and independent 25OHD genetic instrumental variables were extracted from the MS GWAS summary statistics. Pleiotropy analysis suggested no significant pleiotropic variant among the 20 selected 25OHD genetic instrument variants in MS GWAS datasets. As serum levels of 25OHD based on genetic changes increased, the risk of MS decreased using MR-egger (Beta = − 0.940, p = 0.001; OR = 0.391), weighted median (Beta = − 0.835, p = 0.000; OR = 0.434), IVW (Beta = − 0.781, p = 0.000; OR = 0.458), simple mode (Beta = − 1.484, p = 0.016; OR = 0.227), and weighted mode (Beta = − 0.913, p = 0.000; OR = 0.401). Our results were robust, with no obvious bias based on investigating the single 25OHD SNP on MS. Conclusions Our analysis suggested a causal association between genetically increased serum 25OHD levels and reduced MS in the European population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03205-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Interlaboratory comparison of 25-hydroxyvitamin D assays: Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) Intercomparison Study 2 - Part 2 ligand binding assays - impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 2 and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 on assay performance. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:351-366. [PMID: 34435207 PMCID: PMC8748290 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An interlaboratory comparison study was conducted by the Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) to assess the performance of ligand binding assays (Part 2) for the determination of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Fifty single-donor samples were assigned target values for concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2], 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3], and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25(OH)2D3] using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID LC-MS/MS). VDSP Intercomparison Study 2 Part 2 includes results from 17 laboratories using 32 ligand binding assays. Assay performance was evaluated using mean % bias compared to the assigned target values and using linear regression analysis of the test assay mean results and the target values. Only 50% of the ligand binding assays achieved the VDSP criterion of mean % bias ≤ |± 5%|. For the 13 unique ligand binding assays evaluated in this study, only 4 assays were consistently within ± 5% mean bias and 4 assays were consistently outside ± 5% mean bias regardless of the laboratory performing the assay. Based on multivariable regression analysis using the concentrations of individual vitamin D metabolites in the 50 single-donor samples, most assays underestimate 25(OH)D2 and several assays (Abbott, bioMérieux, DiaSorin, IDS-EIA, and IDS-iSYS) may have cross-reactivity from 24R,25(OH)2D3. The results of this interlaboratory study represent the most comprehensive comparison of 25(OH)D ligand binding assays published to date and is the only study to assess the impact of 24R,25(OH)2D3 content using results from a reference measurement procedure.
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Kang JH, Vyas CM, Okereke OI, Ogata S, Albert M, Lee IM, D'Agostino D, Buring JE, Cook NR, Grodstein F, Manson JE. Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23253. [PMID: 34853363 PMCID: PMC8636504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Low vitamin D levels have been associated with cognitive decline; however, few randomized trials have been conducted. In a trial, we evaluated vitamin D3 supplementation on cognitive decline. We included participants aged 60+ years (mean[SD] = 70.9[5.8] years) free of cardiovascular disease and cancer in two substudies in the VITAL 2 × 2 randomized trial of vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day of cholecalciferol) and fish oil supplements: 3424 had cognitive assessments by phone (eight neuropsychologic tests; 2.8 years follow-up) and 794 had in-person assessments (nine tests; 2.0 years follow-up). The primary, pre-specified outcome was decline over two assessments in global composite score (average z-scores of all tests); substudy-specific results were meta-analyzed. The pooled mean difference in annual rate of decline (MD) for vitamin D3 versus placebo was 0.01 (95% CI - 0.01, 0.02; p = 0.39). We observed no interaction with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin-D levels (p-interaction = 0.84) and a significant interaction with self-reported race (p-interaction = 0.01). Among Black participants (19%), those assigned vitamin D3 versus placebo had better cognitive maintenance (MD = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.08, similar to that observed for Black participants 1.2 years apart in age). Thus, vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day cholecalciferol) supplementation was not associated with cognitive decline over 2-3 years among community-dwelling older participants but may provide modest cognitive benefits in older Black adults, although these results need confirmation.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov; VITAL (NCT01169259), VITAL-DEP (NCT01696435) and VITAL-Cog (NCT01669915); the date the registration for the parent trial (NCT01169259) was submitted to the registry: 7/26/2010 and the date of first patient enrollment in either of the ancillary studies for cognitive function in a subset of eligible VITAL participants: 9/14/2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Chirag M Vyas
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia I Okereke
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michelle Albert
- University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Denise D'Agostino
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Nancy R Cook
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Francine Grodstein
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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13
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Wise SA, Camara JE, Sempos CT, Lukas P, Le Goff C, Peeters S, Burdette CQ, Nalin F, Hahm G, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Kuszak AJ, Merkel J, Cavalier É. Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) intralaboratory study for the assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay variability and bias. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 212:105917. [PMID: 34010687 PMCID: PMC8403635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An intralaboratory study assessing assay variability and bias for determination of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was conducted by the Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP). Thirteen assays for serum total 25(OH)D were evaluated in a single laboratory including 11 unique immunoassays and one liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay. Fifty single-donor serum samples, including eight samples with high concentrations of 25(OH)D2 (> 30 nmol/L), were assigned target values for 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 using reference measurement procedures (RMP). Using four replicate measurements for each sample, the mean total percent coefficient of variation (%CV) and mean % bias from the target values were determined for each assay using the 50 single-donor samples and a 42-sample subset, which excluded 8 high 25(OH)D2 concentration samples, and compared with VDSP performance criteria of ≤ 10 % CV and ≤ ±5 % mean bias. All 12 assays achieved the performance criterion for % CV, and 9 of the 12 assays were within ≤ ±5 % mean bias. The Fujirebio Inc. assay exhibited the lowest %CV and highest percentage of individual measurements within ≤ ±5 % mean bias. Ten immunoassays exhibited changes in response due to the high 25(OH)D2 samples with Abbott, Biomérieux, DiaSorin, DIAsource, and IDS-iSYS assays having the largest deviations. The Fujirebio Inc. and Beckman Coulter assays were only minimally affected by the presence of the high 25(OH)D2 samples. Samples with high concentrations of 25(OH)D2 provided a critical performance test for immunoassays indicating that some assays may not have equal response or recovery for 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Wise
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Scientist Emeritus, Associate, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Johanna E Camara
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Christopher T Sempos
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Vitamin D Standardization Program LLC, Havre de Grace, MD 21078 USA
| | - Pierre Lukas
- Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Caroline Le Goff
- Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Peeters
- Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Carolyn Q Burdette
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Federica Nalin
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Grace Hahm
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Ramón A Durazo-Arvizu
- Biostatistics Core, The Sabin Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Adam J Kuszak
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joyce Merkel
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Étienne Cavalier
- Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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14
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Wise SA, Camara JE, Burdette CQ, Hahm G, Nalin F, Kuszak AJ, Merkel J, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Williams EL, Hoofnagle AN, Ivison F, Fischer R, van den Ouweland JMW, Ho CS, Law EWK, Simard JN, Gonthier R, Holmquist B, Meadows S, Cox L, Robyak K, Creer MH, Fitzgerald R, Clarke MW, Breen N, Lukas P, Cavalier É, Sempos CT. Interlaboratory comparison of 25-hydroxyvitamin D assays: Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) Intercomparison Study 2 - Part 1 liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays - impact of 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 on assay performance. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:333-349. [PMID: 34432104 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An interlaboratory comparison study was conducted by the Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) to assess the performance of liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays used for the determination of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), which is the sum of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3). A set of 50 single-donor samples was assigned target values for concentrations of 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25(OH)D3), and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24R,25(OH)2D3) using isotope dilution liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (ID LC-MS/MS). VDSP Intercomparison Study 2 Part 1 includes results from 14 laboratories using 14 custom LC-MS/MS assays. Assay performance was evaluated using mean % bias compared to the assigned target values and using linear regression analysis of the test assay mean results and the target values. Only 53% of the LC-MS/MS assays met the VDSP criterion of mean % bias ≤ |±5%|. For the LC-MS/MS assays not meeting the ≤ |±5%| criterion, four assays had mean % bias of between 12 and 21%. Based on multivariable regression analysis using the concentrations of the four individual vitamin D metabolites in the 50 single-donor samples, the performance of several LC-MS/MS assays was found to be influenced by the presence of 3-epi-25(OH)D3. The results of this interlaboratory study represent the most comprehensive comparison of LC-MS/MS assay performance for serum total 25(OH)D and document the significant impact of the lack of separation of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D3 on assay performance, particularly with regard to mean % bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Wise
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. .,Scientist Emeritus, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
| | - Johanna E Camara
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Carolyn Q Burdette
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Grace Hahm
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Federica Nalin
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Adam J Kuszak
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joyce Merkel
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ramón A Durazo-Arvizu
- Biostatistics Core, The Sabin Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | | | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98185, USA
| | - Fiona Ivison
- Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Ralf Fischer
- Chromsystems Instruments & Chemicals GmbH, 82166, Gräfelfing, Germany
| | | | - Chung S Ho
- Biochemical Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Emmett W K Law
- Biochemical Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Brett Holmquist
- Endocrine Sciences, LabCorp Specialty Testing Group, Agoura Hills, CA, 91301, USA
| | - Sarah Meadows
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Elsie Widdowson Laboratory (closed Dec. 2018), Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BRC Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Lorna Cox
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Elsie Widdowson Laboratory (closed Dec. 2018), Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BRC Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Kimberly Robyak
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Michael H Creer
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Robert Fitzgerald
- Health Clinical Laboratories, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Michael W Clarke
- Metabolomics Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Norma Breen
- Waters Technologies Ireland Ltd., Wexford, Y35 D431, Ireland
| | - Pierre Lukas
- Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Étienne Cavalier
- Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christopher T Sempos
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Vitamin D Standardization Program LLC, Havre de Grace, MD, 217078, USA
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15
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Agnello L, Bivona G, Parisi E, Lucido GD, Iacona A, Ciaccio AM, Giglio RV, Ziino O, Ciaccio M. Presepsin and Midregional Proadrenomedullin in Pediatric Oncologic Patients with Febrile Neutropenia. Lab Med 2021; 51:585-591. [PMID: 32221546 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the roles of presepsin (PSP) and midregional proadrenomedullin (mr-proADM) in children with febrile neutropenia (FN) due to chemotherapy. METHODS We assessed 36 FN episodes in 26 children. Patients were classified into bacteremia (B) and fever of unknown origin (FUO) groups. We evaluated PSP and mr-proADM at admission (T0), after 24/48 h (T1), and after 5 days (T2). RESULTS PSP and mr-proADM levels were elevated at T0 and significantly decreased at T2. mr-proADM levels did not significantly differ between the B and FUO groups. PSP levels significantly differed between the B and FUO groups only at T1. Both PSP and mr-proADM levels at T0 were a predictor of length of hospital stay but not of the duration of fever. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that PSP and mr-proADM had low diagnostic accuracy for blood culture positivity. CONCLUSION PSP and mr-proADM display poor clinical usefulness for FN in oncologic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisa Parisi
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, ARNAS Civico Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Ottavio Ziino
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, ARNAS Civico Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Palermo, Italy
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16
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Hanaei S, Sahraian MA, Mohammadifar M, Ramagopalan SV, Ghajarzadeh M. Effect of Vitamin D Supplements on Relapse Rate and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:42. [PMID: 34211673 PMCID: PMC8223916 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_208_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease while there are controversies regarding the role of vitamin D supplements in controlling relapse and disability improvement during treatment. Objective The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplements on MS-related relapse and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Methods We searched databases to include randomized clinical trials (RCTs) which were published up to October 2018. We included RCTs, being single-blinded or double-blinded or open-label trials in which one of the main outcomes was EDSS and/or relapse after vitamin D supplementation. All statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for relapse between treatment arms. The mean difference was calculated for EDSS comparisons. Results Nine articles were included for analysis. Of these nine studies, five compared vitamin D supplement groups with placebo (group 1 studies), and four compared high- and low-dose vitamin D groups. A total of 561 patients were analyzed. Being treated with vitamin D instead of placebo showed no effect on relapse rate (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.28-1.54) as well as EDSS (mean difference = 0.06, 95%CI [-0.31, 0.42]). The results of studies comparing high- vs. low-dose vitamin D interventions showed no significant effect on relapse rate (OR = 1.08, 95%CI [0.29-4.08] as well as final EDSS (mean difference = 0.17, 95% CI = -0.73, 1.07). Conclusions Our findings show that vitamin D supplements (high or low dose) have no significant effect on relapse rate and disability during treatment in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hanaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sahraian
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadifar
- Department of Radiology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Ghajarzadeh
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Universal Council of Epidemiology, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Lo Sasso B, Gambino CM, Scichilone N, Giglio RV, Bivona G, Scazzone C, Muratore R, Milano S, Barbagallo M, Agnello L, Ciaccio M. Clinical Utility of Midregional Proadrenomedullin in Patients with COVID-19. Lab Med 2021; 52:493-498. [PMID: 33928380 PMCID: PMC8600477 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to assess the role of midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) in patients with COVID-19. Methods We included 110 patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Biochemical biomarkers, including MR-proADM, were measured at admission. The association of plasma MR-proADM levels with COVID-19 severity, defined as a requirement for mechanical ventilation or in-hospital mortality, was evaluated. Results Patients showed increased levels of MR-proADM. In addition, MR-proADM was higher in patients who died during hospitalization than in patients who survived (median, 2.59 nmol/L; interquartile range, 2.3–2.95 vs median, 0.82 nmol/L; interquartile range, 0.57–1.03; P <.0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed good accuracy of MR-proADM for predicting mortality. A MR-proADM value of 1.73 nmol/L was established as the best cutoff value, with 90% sensitivity and 95% specificity (P <.0001). Conclusion We found that MR-proADM could represent a prognostic biomarker of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Lo Sasso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Scichilone
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Concetta Scazzone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Muratore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Milano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Geriatric Unit, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
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18
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FOXP3 and GATA3 Polymorphisms, Vitamin D3 and Multiple Sclerosis. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11040415. [PMID: 33806248 PMCID: PMC8066599 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Recently, a crucial role of the X-Linked Forkhead Box P3 (FoxP3) for the development and the stability of Tregs has emerged, and FOXP3 gene polymorphisms have been associated with the susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. The expression of Foxp3 in Tregs is regulated by the transcription factor GATA binding-protein 3 (GATA3) and vitamin D3. The aim of this retrospective case-control study was to investigate the potential association between FOXP3 and GATA3 genetic variants, Vitamin D3, and MS risk. Methods: We analyzed two polymorphisms in the FOXP3 gene (rs3761547 and rs3761548) and a polymorphism in the GATA3 gene (rs3824662) in 106 MS patients and 113 healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D3 was also measured in all participants. Results: No statistically significant genotypic and allelic differences were found in the distribution of FOXP3 rs3761547 and rs3761548, or GATA3 rs3824662 in the MS patients, compared with controls. Patients that were homozygous for rs3761547 had lower 25(OH)D3 levels. Conclusions: Our findings did not show any association among FOXP3 and GATA3 SNPs, vitamin D3, and MS susceptibility.
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19
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Pinheiro MM, Pinheiro FMM, Diniz SN, Fabbri A, Infante M. Combination of vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107518. [PMID: 33756226 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) represent the most common types of autoimmune diabetes and are characterized by different age of onset, degrees of immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells and rates of disease progression towards insulin dependence. Several immunotherapies aimed to counteract autoimmune responses against beta cells and preserve beta-cell function are currently being investigated, particularly in T1D. Preliminary findings suggest a potential role of combination therapy with vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) in preserving beta-cell function in autoimmune diabetes. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitors, as well as the rationale for investigation of their combined use as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Maia Pinheiro
- UNIVAG, University Center, Dom Orlando Chaves Ave, 2655 - Cristo Rei, Várzea Grande, 78118-000 Mato Grosso, Brazil; Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo - SP, 3305, Raimundo Pereira de Magalhães Ave., Pirituba, São Paulo, 05145-200 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Moura Maia Pinheiro
- Hospital de Base, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto FAMERP - SP, 5546, Brigadeiro Faria Lima Ave, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, 15015-500 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana Nogueira Diniz
- Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo - SP, 3305, Raimundo Pereira de Magalhães Ave., Pirituba, São Paulo, 05145-200 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Fabbri
- Diabetes Research Institute Federation (DRIF), Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CTO Andrea Alesini Hospital, ASL Roma 2, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via San Nemesio 21, 00145 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Infante
- Diabetes Research Institute Federation (DRIF), Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CTO Andrea Alesini Hospital, ASL Roma 2, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via San Nemesio 21, 00145 Rome, Italy; UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro, 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Via San Nemesio 21, 00145 Rome, Italy.
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20
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Meng F, Chen P, Guo X, Li X, Wu Y, Liu W, Jiang F, Liu H, Wang L. Correlations between Serum P2X7, Vitamin A, 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23760. [PMID: 33724522 PMCID: PMC8128307 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying new molecular diagnostic markers for Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (MPP) has always been an essential topic since MPP cases have increased every year, especially among children. Here, we examined the correlation between serum level of Purinergic receptor P2X7, vitamin A, and 25‐hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and the severity of MPP, aiming to identify molecules that have the potential to become diagnostic markers. Methods This study was conducted on 186 cases aged 1–14 (136 MPP and 50 non‐MPP patients). Serum levels of Purinergic receptor P2X7, vitamin A, 25(OH)D, and multiple inflammatory and immune factors were measured, compared, and tested for statistical significance. Results Serum P2X7, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) levels were significantly increased in severe MPP patients, while serum vitamin A, 25(OH)D, IgA, and IgG levels were significantly decreased. Conclusion Our results demonstrated a positive correlation between serum P2X7 level and the severity of MPP, and negative correlations between serum levels of vitamin A and 25(OH)D and the severity of MPP, suggesting that high serum levels of P2X7 and low serum levels of vitamin A and 25(OH)D may indicate relatively severer MPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjun Meng
- Medical Laboratory, Hospital of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Medical Experiment Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- Medical Experiment Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoru Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shizuishan Second People's Hospital, Shizuishan, China
| | - Yuexuan Wu
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenen Liu
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lixin Wang
- Medical Experiment Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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21
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Bivona G, Lo Sasso B, Gambino CM, Giglio RV, Scazzone C, Agnello L, Ciaccio M. The Role of Vitamin D as a Biomarker in Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11030334. [PMID: 33800891 PMCID: PMC8000099 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D and cognition is a popular association, which led to a remarkable body of literature data in the past 50 years. The brain can synthesize, catabolize, and receive Vitamin D, which has been proved to regulate many cellular processes in neurons and microglia. Vitamin D helps synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission in dopaminergic neural circuits and exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities within the brain by reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress load. Further, Vitamin D action in the brain has been related to the clearance of amyloid plaques, which represent a feature of Alzheimer Disease (AD), by the immune cell. Based on these considerations, many studies have investigated the role of circulating Vitamin D levels in patients affected by a cognitive decline to assess Vitamin D’s eventual role as a biomarker or a risk factor in AD. An association between low Vitamin D levels and the onset and progression of AD has been reported, and some interventional studies to evaluate the role of Vitamin D in preventing AD onset have been performed. However, many pitfalls affected the studies available, including substantial discrepancies in the methods used and the lack of standardized data. Despite many studies, it remains unclear whether Vitamin D can have a role in cognitive decline and AD. This narrative review aims to answer two key questions: whether Vitamin D can be used as a reliable tool for diagnosing, predicting prognosis and response to treatment in AD patients, and whether it is a modifiable risk factor for preventing AD onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bivona
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (B.L.S.); (C.M.G.); (R.V.G.); (C.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (B.L.S.); (C.M.G.); (R.V.G.); (C.S.); (L.A.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (B.L.S.); (C.M.G.); (R.V.G.); (C.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (B.L.S.); (C.M.G.); (R.V.G.); (C.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Concetta Scazzone
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (B.L.S.); (C.M.G.); (R.V.G.); (C.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Luisa Agnello
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (B.L.S.); (C.M.G.); (R.V.G.); (C.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (B.L.S.); (C.M.G.); (R.V.G.); (C.S.); (L.A.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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22
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Ong LTC, Schibeci SD, Fewings NL, Booth DR, Parnell GP. Age-dependent VDR peak DNA methylation as a mechanism for latitude-dependent multiple sclerosis risk. Epigenetics Chromatin 2021; 14:9. [PMID: 33541415 PMCID: PMC7863270 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms linking UV radiation and vitamin D exposure to the risk of acquiring the latitude and critical period-dependent autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis, is unclear. We examined the effect of vitamin D on DNA methylation and DNA methylation at vitamin D receptor binding sites in adult and paediatric myeloid cells. This was accomplished through differentiating CD34+ haematopoietic progenitors into CD14+ mononuclear phagocytes, in the presence and absence of calcitriol. RESULTS Few DNA methylation changes occurred in cells treated with calcitriol. However, several VDR-binding sites demonstrated increased DNA methylation in cells of adult origin when compared to cells of paediatric origin. This phenomenon was not observed at other transcription factor binding sites. Genes associated with these sites were enriched for intracellular signalling and cell activation pathways involved in myeloid cell differentiation and adaptive immune system regulation. CONCLUSION These results suggest vitamin D exposure at critical periods during development may contribute to latitude-related differences in autoimmune disease incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence T C Ong
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,Department of Immunology, Westmead Hospital, Cnr Darcy and Hawkesbury Rds, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Stephen D Schibeci
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Nicole L Fewings
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - David R Booth
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Grant P Parnell
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
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23
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Speeckaert MM, Speeckaert R, Delanghe JR. Standardized 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Measurements in Parkinson's Disease Patients With COVID-19. Mov Disord 2021; 35:1497. [PMID: 33400280 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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24
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Xu B, Feng Y, Gan L, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Feng J, Yu L. Vitamin D Status in Children With Short Stature: Accurate Determination of Serum Vitamin D Components Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:707283. [PMID: 34721288 PMCID: PMC8548707 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.707283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D is critical for calcium and bone metabolism. Vitamin D insufficiency impairs skeletal mineralization and bone growth rate during childhood, thus affecting height and health. Vitamin D status in children with short stature is sparsely reported. The purpose of the current study was to investigate various vitamin D components by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to better explore vitamin D storage of short-stature children in vivo. METHODS Serum circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2], 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3, C3-epi] were accurately computed using the LC-MS/MS method. Total 25(OH)D [t-25(OH)D] and ratios of 25(OH)D2/25(OH)D3 and C3-epi/25(OH)D3 were then respectively calculated. Free 25(OH)D [f-25(OH)D] was also measured. RESULTS 25(OH)D3 and f-25(OH)D levels in short-stature subgroups 2 (school age: 7~12 years old) and 3 (adolescence: 13~18 years old) were significantly lower compared with those of healthy controls. By contrast, C3-epi levels and C3-epi/25(OH)D3 ratios in all the three short-stature subgroups were markedly higher than the corresponding healthy cases. Based on cutoff values developed by Endocrine Society Recommendation (but not suitable for methods 2 and 3), sufficient storage capacities of vitamin D in short-stature subgroups 1, 2, and 3 were 42.8%, 23.8%, and 9.0% as determined by Method 3 [25(OH)D2/3+25(OH)D3], which were lower than those of 57.1%, 28.6%, and 18.2% as determined by Method 1 [25(OH)D2+25(OH)D3+C3-epi] and 45.7%, 28.5%, and 13.6% as determined by Method 2 [25(OH)D2/3+25(OH)D3+C3-epi]. Levels of 25(OH)D2 were found to be weakly negatively correlated with those of 25(OH)D3, and higher 25(OH)D3 levels were positively correlated with higher levels of C3-epi in both short-stature and healthy control cohorts. Furthermore, f-25(OH)D levels were positively associated with 25(OH)D3 and C3-epi levels in children. CONCLUSIONS The current LC-MS/MS technique can not only separate 25(OH)D2 from 25(OH)D3 but also distinguish C3-epi from 25(OH)D3. Measurement of t-25(OH)D [25(OH)D2+25(OH)D3] alone may overestimate vitamin D storage in children, and short-stature children had lower vitamin D levels compared with healthy subjects. Ratios of C3-epi/25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2/25(OH)D3 might be alternative markers for vitamin D catabolism/storage in short-stature children. Further studies are needed to explore the relationships and physiological roles of various vitamin D metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Yu
- *Correspondence: Jiafu Feng, ; Lin Yu,
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25
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Some Common SNPs of the T-Cell Homeostasis-Related Genes Are Associated with Multiple Sclerosis, but Not with the Clinical Manifestations of the Disease, in the Polish Population. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8838014. [PMID: 33224992 PMCID: PMC7673932 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8838014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease, and genetic factors play an important role in its pathogenesis and progression. The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequencies of alleles and genetic variants of the T-cell homeostasis-related genes, in subjects with MS, as well as to investigate the association with MS clinical manifestations and disability. Methods 94 subjects with MS and 160 healthy individuals have been genotyped for seven common single-nucleotide variants in IL-2RA, CTLA4, CD40, and PADI4 genes. The ages of onset, duration of the disease, and clinical condition of the MS subjects were analysed. We used the Chi2 test confirmed with Fisher's exact test for statistical analysis. Results The frequency of allele T and CT/TT genotypes (rs7093069) in the IL2RA gene, as well as the T allele and CT/TT genotypes in rs12722598, were significantly higher in the control group. The significant differences between studied groups we also found for the G allele and GG/GA genotypes of rs3087243 in CTLA4 gene, which were more common among the control group. The heterozygous genotype TC (rs1883832) of CD40 gene was more common in the control subjects, and the frequency of the alleles and genotypes in the rs1748033 of the PADI4 gene did not differ between the studied groups. Between the studied genotypes, we did not observe any significant differences in the age of onset and duration of disease, including sex stratification. Conclusion Our results highlight the protective role of some of the T-cell homeostasis-related genetic variants in MS development, but not in its clinical manifestation.
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26
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Scazzone C, Agnello L, Bivona G, Lo Sasso B, Ciaccio M. Vitamin D and Genetic Susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:1-30. [PMID: 33159645 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-10010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS), resulting from the interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Vitamin D is a secosteroid, and its circulating levels are influenced by environment and genetics. In the last decades, research data on the association between MS and vitamin D status led to hypothesize a possible role for hypovitaminosis D as a risk factor for MS. Some gene variants encoding proteins involved in vitamin D metabolism, transport, and function, which are responsible for vitamin D status alterations, have been related to MS susceptibility. This review explores the current literature on the influence of vitamin D-related genes in MS susceptibility, reporting all single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) investigated to date in 12 vitamin D pathway genes. Among all, the gene codifying vitamin D receptor (VDR) is the most studied. The association between VDR SNPs and MS risk has been reported by many Authors, with a few studies producing opposite results. Other vitamin D-related genes (including DHCR7/NADSYN1, CYP2R1, CYP27A1, CYP3A4, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, Megalin-DAB2-Cubilin, FGF-23, and Klotho) have been less investigated and achieved more conflicting evidence. Taken together, findings from the studies reviewed cannot clarify whether and to what extent vitamin D-related gene variants can influence MS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Scazzone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, CAP 90127, Palermo, Sicily, Italy
| | - Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, CAP 90127, Palermo, Sicily, Italy
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, CAP 90127, Palermo, Sicily, Italy
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, CAP 90127, Palermo, Sicily, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, CAP 90127, Palermo, Sicily, Italy.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital, Palermo, Italy.
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27
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Barichella M, Cereda E, Iorio L, Pinelli G, Ferri V, Cassani E, Bolliri C, Caronni S, Pusani C, Schiaffino MG, Giana A, Quacci E, Esposito C, Monti Guarnieri F, Colombo A, Sorbo FD, Cilia R, Sacilotto G, Riboldazzi G, Zecchinelli AL, Pezzoli G. Clinical correlates of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Parkinson's disease. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1128-1136. [PMID: 33151126 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1840117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have lower levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) than the general population. Previous studies have suggested a negative association between 25(OH)D and clinical features of PD, but the data are inconsistent. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study. Serum 25(OH)D, disease (Hoehn-Yahr stage [HY]) and clinical symptom (Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS]) severity and global cognitive functions (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]) were studied in 500 consecutive PD patients not using vitamin D supplements. Information on sunlight exposure and dietary intakes (using a 66-item food frequency questionnaire) were also collected. A convenient sample of age and sex-matched community healthy controls (N = 100) was included as a control group. RESULTS PD patients had lower 25(OH)D serum levels than controls. Deficiency status (<20 ng/mL) was found in 65.6% of patients. 25(OH)D levels were independently correlated to sunlight exposure (P = .002) and vitamin D intake (P = .009). In multivariate models, using a Mendelian randomization approach, lower serum 25(OH)D was associated with more severe disease (HY, P = .035), worse clinical symptoms (UPDRS Part-III total score [P = .006] and dopaminergic [P = .033] and non-dopaminergic subscores [P = .001]) and greater global cognitive function impairment (P = .041). Neither cognitive functions nor clinical features were associated with reduced intake of vitamin D and sunlight exposure. CONCLUSION : Serum 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with disease and symptoms severity, as well as with global cognitive functions. Our study adds to the evidence that low 25(OH)D may affect the progression of PD negatively. Intervention studies in this area are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Barichella
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cereda
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Iorio
- U.S. Riabilitazione Parkinson, Fondazione Gaetano e Piera Borghi, Brebbia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pinelli
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Ferri
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy
| | - Erica Cassani
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy.,U.S. Riabilitazione Parkinson, Fondazione Gaetano e Piera Borghi, Brebbia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Bolliri
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Caronni
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Pusani
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Schiaffino
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelica Giana
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Quacci
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Esposito
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Monti Guarnieri
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, ASST G.Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Colombo
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST 'Gaetano Pini-Cto', Milano, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Cilia
- Parkinson Institute, ASST 'Gaetano Pini-Cto', Milano, Italy.,Present address: Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Riboldazzi
- U.S. Riabilitazione Parkinson, Fondazione Gaetano e Piera Borghi, Brebbia, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milano, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST 'Gaetano Pini-Cto', Milano, Italy
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28
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Alaylıoğlu M, Dursun E, Genç G, Şengül B, Bilgiç B, Gündüz A, Apaydın H, Kızıltan G, Gürvit H, Hanağası H, Öztop Çakmak Ö, Ertan S, Yılmazer S, Gezen-Ak D. Genetic variants of vitamin D metabolism-related DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and CYP2R1 gene are associated with clinical features of Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:439-449. [PMID: 32938288 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1820502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM OF THE STUDY Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Vitamin D deficiency is suggested to be related to PD. A genome-wide association study indicated that genes involved in vitamin D metabolism affect vitamin D levels. Among these genes, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP/GC) genes have also been demonstrated to be associated with PD risk. Our aim was to investigate the relevance of SNPs within the 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase 1 (DHCR7/NADSYN1) locus and vitamin D 25-hydroxylase (CYP2R1) gene, which encode important enzymes that play a role in the vitamin D synthesis pathway, with PD and its clinical features. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotypes of 382 PD patients and 240 cognitively healthy individuals were evaluated by a LightSNiP assay for a total of 10 SNPs within the DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and CYP2R1 gene. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the allele and genotype distributions of any of the SNPs between any patient groups and healthy subjects. However, our results indicated that all of the SNPs within the DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and CYP2R1 gene, except rs1993116, were associated with clinical motor features of PD including initial predominant symptom, freezing of gait (FoG) and falls as well as disease stage and duration of the disease. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, genetic variants of the DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and the CYP2R1 gene might be related to the inefficient utilization of vitamin D independent from vitamin D levels, and it might result in differences in the clinical features of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Alaylıoğlu
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Dursun
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gençer Genç
- Department of Neurology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Şengül
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Başar Bilgiç
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Gündüz
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Apaydın
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Güneş Kızıltan
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Gürvit
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haşmet Hanağası
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selma Yılmazer
- Department of Medical Biology, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Gezen-Ak
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Agnello L, Gambino CM, Lo Sasso B, Bivona G, Milano S, Ciaccio AM, Piccoli T, La Bella V, Ciaccio M. Neurogranin as a Novel Biomarker in Alzheimer's Disease. Lab Med 2020; 52:188-196. [PMID: 32926148 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the possible role of 2 novel biomarkers of synaptic damage, namely, neurogranin and α-synuclein, in Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS The study was performed in a cohort consisting of patients with AD and those without AD, including individuals with other neurological diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurogranin and α-synuclein levels were measured by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). RESULTS We found significantly increased levels of CSF neurogranin and α-synuclein in patients with AD than those without AD. Neurogranin was correlated with total tau (tTau) and phosphorylated tau (pTau), as well as with cognitive decline, in patients with AD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed good diagnostic accuracy of neurogranin for AD at a cutoff point of 306 pg per mL with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.872 and sensitivity and specificity of 84.2% and 78%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the use of CSF neurogranin as a biomarker of synapsis damage in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "P. Giaccone," Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "P. Giaccone," Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Milano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "P. Giaccone," Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Piccoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurology Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo La Bella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurology Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "P. Giaccone," Palermo, Italy
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Gerner C, Costigliola V, Golubnitschaja O. MULTIOMIC PATTERNS IN BODY FLUIDS: TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGE WITH A GREAT POTENTIAL TO IMPLEMENT THE ADVANCED PARADIGM OF 3P MEDICINE. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:442-451. [PMID: 31737933 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy (LB) is defined as a sample of any of body fluids (blood, saliva, tear fluid, urine, sweat, amniotic, cerebrospinal and pleural fluids, cervicovaginal secretion, and wound efflux, amongst others), which can be ex vivo analysed to detect and quantity the target(s) of interest. LB represents diagnostic approach relevant for organ-specific changes and systemic health conditions including both manifested diseases and their prestages such as suboptimal health. Further, experts emphasise that DNA-based analysis alone does not provide sufficient information for optimal diagnostics and effective treatments. Consequently, of great scientific and clinical utility are molecular patterns detected by hybrid technologies such as metabolomic tools and molecular imaging. Future proposed strategies utilise multiomic pillars (generally genome, tanscriptome, proteome, metabolome, epigenome, radiome, and microbiome), system-biological approach, and multivariable algorithms for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. Current article analyses pros and cons of the mass spectrometry-based technologies, provides eminent examples of a success story "from discovery to clinical application," and demonstrates a "road-map" for the technology-driven paradigm change from reactive to predictive, preventive and personalised medical services as the medicine of the future benefiting the patient and healthcare at large. © 2019 The Authors. Mass Spectrometry Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (EPMA), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincenzo Costigliola
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (EPMA), Brussels, Belgium
- European Medical Association (EMA), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (EPMA), Brussels, Belgium
- Radiological Clinic, UKB, Excellence Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Breast Cancer Research Centre, UKB, Excellence Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Centre for Integrated Oncology, Cologne-Bonn, Excellence Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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31
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Yaqiong L, Guohua W, Fuyan Y, Wei L, Dan S, Yi Z. Study on the levels of 25(OH)D, inflammation markers and glucose and fat metabolism indexes in pregnant women of Han nationality in Jiangsu province with gestational diabetes mellitus. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21654. [PMID: 32871878 PMCID: PMC7458183 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the levels of 25(OH)D, inflammation markers and glucose and fat metabolism indexes in pregnant women with Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).One hundred and ten cases GDM and 100 cases healthy pregnant women in the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City from October 2016 to December 2018 were recruited for this observational cross-sectional study. Each participant's anthropometric and demographic data was recorded. Blood samples were collected and analyzed to determine the levels of 25(OH)D, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), cholesterol and triglycerides.Inflammatory markers and glucose and fat metabolism indexes were all significantly higher in the GDM group than that in the control group, while Serum 25(OH)D level in the GDM group was significantly lower. Serum 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with hs-CRP, while not with TNF-α. Furthermore, Serum 25(OH)D, hs-CRP and TNF-α levels were all associated with increased risk of developing GDM.Nowadays, the reports on the association between 25(OH)D level and GDM were controversial. Our results are consistent with the view that there was association between 25(OH)D level and GDM, and expand the literature by showing the roles of 25(OH)D, inflammation markers as well as glucose and fat metabolism indexes in the risk of developing GDM in the pregnant women with the low overall levels of 25(OH)D before delivery. This broadens our knowledge on the pathophysiology of GDM, which may be helpful in prevention and treatment of GDM.
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Rothen JP, Rutishauser J, Walter PN, Hersberger KE, Arnet I. Oral intermittent vitamin D substitution: influence of pharmaceutical form and dosage frequency on medication adherence: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:51. [PMID: 32653031 PMCID: PMC7353738 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess adherence to and preference for vitamin D substitution with different pharmaceutical forms and frequencies of administration. Methods A focus group of stakeholders aimed at preparing the design of an interventional, randomized, cross-over study with 2 × 2 groups obtaining monthly or weekly vitamin D products in liquid or solid form for 3 months each. Dosage corresponds to cumulated amount of recommended 800 IU daily (5.600 IU weekly / 24.000 IU monthly). Main inclusion criteria were a vitamin D serum value < 50 nmol/l and age ≥ 18 years. Primary endpoint was adherence, secondary endpoints were preferences and vitamin D serum levels. Results The focus group reached consensus for preference of a monthly administration of solid forms to adults. Full datasets were obtained from 97 participants. Adherence was significantly higher with monthly (79.5–100.0%) than weekly (66.4–98.1%) administration. Vitamin D levels increased significantly (p < 0.001) in all participants. An optimal value of > 75 nmol/l was achieved by 32% after 3 months and by 50% after 6 months. Preferred formulation was solid form (tablets, capsules) for 71% of participants, and preferred dosage frequency was monthly for 39% of participants. Conclusions Monthly oral vitamin D in solid form lead to the highest adherence, and is preferred by the participants. However, only one third of study participants achieved values in the optimal range of > 75 nmol/l cholecalciferol using weekly or monthly administration providing an average daily cholecalciferol dose of 800 IU. Trial registration NCT03121593 | SNCTP000002251. Registered 30. May 2017,. Prospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Rothen
- Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Petersplatz 14, Postfach 2148, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland. .,Nutrimed Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Jonas Rutishauser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp N Walter
- Solothurn Hospitals, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Kurt E Hersberger
- Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Petersplatz 14, Postfach 2148, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Arnet
- Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Petersplatz 14, Postfach 2148, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland
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Agnello L, Piccoli T, Vidali M, Cuffaro L, Lo Sasso B, Iacolino G, Giglio VR, Lupo F, Alongi P, Bivona G, Ciaccio M. Diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers measured by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for Alzheimer disease diagnosis. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2020; 80:313-317. [PMID: 32255379 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2020.1740939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, an important role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) diagnosis has emerged. The evaluation of the triad consisting of 42 aminoacid-long amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ42), total Tau (tTau) and Tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau) have been recently integrated into the research diagnostic criteria of AD. For a long time, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has represented the most commonly used method for the measurement of CSF biomarkers levels. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of CSF biomarkers, namely Aβ42, tTau and pTau and their ratio, measured by fully automated CLEIA assay (Lumipulse). We included 96 patients clinically diagnosed as AD (48) and non-AD (48). All CSF biomarkers levels were measured on Lumipulse G1200 fully automated platform (Fujirebio Inc. Europe, Gent, Belgium). Aβ42 levels, 42/40 ratio, 42/tTau ratio, 42/PTau ratio were significantly reduced, and tTau and PTau levels were significantly increased in AD patients in comparison with non-AD patients. The receiving operator curve (ROC) analysis showed good diagnostic accuracy of all CSF biomarkers and their ratios for discriminating AD patients from non-AD patients, with 42/40 ratio having the best AUC (0.724, 95%CI 0.619-0.828; p < 0.001). Our findings support the use of CSF biomarkers measured by CLEIA method on a fully automated platform for AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tommaso Piccoli
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Vidali
- Unit of Clinical Chemistry, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Luca Cuffaro
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgia Iacolino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Rosaria Giglio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Lupo
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Alongi
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
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Cheng D, Li X, Zhao S, Hao Y. Establishment of thromboelastography reference intervals by indirect method and relevant factor analyses. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23224. [PMID: 32004399 PMCID: PMC7307360 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thromboelastography (TEG) as a global coagulation test has been continuously developed for many decades in either research or clinical practice. The versatility of TEG test leads to difficulty in standardization and result interpretation. Reference intervals (RIs) of TEG may be one of the most controversial factors that influence its wide applications. RIs establishment with the traditional method is time‐consuming and laborious as well as beyond general laboratory capability. Indirect method using stored data and with statistical calculation and small cost is emerging as an alternative approach for RIs determination. Gender, age, or both affect RIs and must be taken into account before RIs estimation. The present study retrospectively collected a total of 930 TEG results as subjects and established RIs with indirect method for Kaolin‐activated TEG, including the parameters of R, K, αAngle, MA, and CI. Furthermore, gender, age, and gender‐dependent age subsets analyses were performed to determine their effects on RIs of TEG. In this study, we found that TEG parameters showed more hypercoagulability in female than male, most of the measured TEG variables were significantly associated with aging, but only in male statistical significance was found among different age stratification and 60‐year‐old could be considered as cutting point to differentiate coagulation ability in male. In addition, RIs of TEG were estimated by indirect method suitably and verified to be valid in our study. Finally, the RIs of TEG by indirect method were basically significantly different to the RIs recommended by manufacturer, but the consistent percentage is relatively high in the most of measured parameters. In conclusion, it is suggestive that the indirect method for RIs establishment is feasible, but relevant factors, such as gender and age, specifically gender‐dependent age effect, should be considered before RIs determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daye Cheng
- Transfusion Department, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Transfusion Department, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Transfusion Department, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yiwen Hao
- Transfusion Department, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Xie B, Ma Y, Xi Y, Di A, Chen X, Chen Y, Zhang L, Xu S, Wang C, Yan G, Qi Z. Combined treatment with vitamin D3 and antibody agents suppresses secondary heart transplant rejection in the early postoperative period. Transpl Immunol 2020; 59:101270. [PMID: 31953155 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2020.101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accelerated transplant rejection mediated by donor reactive memory T cells is another barrier to the induction of graft tolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunosuppressing effects of vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3), administered alone or in combination with a costimulatory blockade treatment, on rejection of secondary heart allografts in a mouse model. METHODS Circular full-thickness skin grafts from BALB/c mice were cut and grafted onto the lumbar regions of C57BL/6 mice as allo-primed recipients. Four weeks after skin grafting, the vascularized hearts from the BALB/c mice were transplanted heterotopically into the allo-primed recipients using a non-suture cuff technique. The recipients were then randomly divided into four groups and given either intraperitoneal injection of isotype, Ab, 1,25(OH)2D3, or a combination of Ab and 1,25(OH)2D3. Allograft incidence was determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and cytokine expression was assessed by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and cytometric bead arrays. Spleen cells from the recipient were used to assess mixed lymphocyte reactions. Memory T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in spleen cells were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS The median allograft survival time was longer with the combined treatment with Ab and 1,25(OH)2D3 than with no treatment or with treatment with Ab or 1,25(OH)2D3 alone. The grafts were protected from infiltration by inflammatory cells and by inhibition of interleukin 2 and interferon gamma expression. Rejection was initially suppressed in the early postoperative period by a reduction in the number of memory T cells and induction of Foxp3+ Tregs, but this effect disappeared by day 15 after transplantation upon withdrawal of the treatment. CONCLUSION Vitamin D3 administered as an immunosuppressive agent, when combined with monoclonal antibody treatment, may protect heart grafts from memory T cell responses in a secondary heart transplant model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyi Xie
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yunhan Ma
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; The Tumor Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anjie Di
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Liyi Zhang
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuangyue Xu
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guoliang Yan
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Organ Transplantation institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Mohamed NA, Abdel-Rehim AS. Influence of vitamin D receptor gene FokI and ApaI polymorphisms on glucocorticoid response in patients with asthma. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2019; 10:556-563. [PMID: 31863554 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant asthma, a complex disease phenotype, has a high morbidity and mortality and takes up a disproportionate share of healthcare costs. The aim of this work was to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)VD) levels in steroid-resistant, steroid-sensitive patients with asthma and in healthy controls, and to investigate the association between the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) FokI and ApaI polymorphisms and GC resistance in patients with asthma. METHODS This case-control study included 70 patients with severe bronchial asthma and 30 apparently healthy controls. Atopic status was determined by skin-prick test reaction to the most common locally-encountered allergens. A GC reversibility test was performed to differentiate between GC-sensitive and GC-resistant asthma. For all subjects, analysis of the VDR FokI and ApaI polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and measurement of serum 25(OH)VD levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed. RESULTS The frequencies of FokI polymorphism genotypes and alleles differed significantly between patients with asthma and controls. The frequencies of the TT genotype and T allele carriers were significantly higher among patients with asthma than among controls, and also among GC-resistant patients with asthma than among GC-sensitive patients with asthma. Additionally, serum 25(OH)VD levels differed significantly among the 3 VDR FokI polymorphic genotypes in GC-resistant patients with asthma; the highest level was detected in the TT genotype. No significant differences in ApaI were found. CONCLUSION We found a possible association between the FokI T allele and GC resistance in patients with asthma. Variations in VDR FokI might also play a role in 25(OH)VD levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine A Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Pathology & Immunology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S Abdel-Rehim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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