1
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Eade L, Sullivan MP, Allison TM, Goldstone DC, Hartinger CG. Not All Binding Sites Are Equal: Site Determination and Folding State Analysis of Gas-Phase Protein-Metallodrug Adducts. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400268. [PMID: 38472116 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Modern approaches in metallodrug research focus on compounds that bind protein targets rather than DNA. However, the identification of protein targets and binding sites is challenging. Using intact mass spectrometry and proteomics, we investigated the binding of the antimetastatic agent RAPTA-C to the model proteins ubiquitin, cytochrome c, lysozyme, and myoglobin. Binding to cytochrome c and lysozyme was negligible. However, ubiquitin bound up to three Ru moieties, two of which were localized at Met1 and His68 as [Ru(cym)], and [Ru(cym)] or [Ru(cym)(PTA)] adducts, respectively. Myoglobin bound up to four [Ru(cym)(PTA)] moieties and five sites were identified at His24, His36, His64, His81/82 and His113. Collision-induced unfolding (CIU) studies via ion-mobility mass spectrometry allowed measuring protein folding as a function of collisional activation. CIU of protein-RAPTA-C adducts showed binding of [Ru(cym)] to Met1 caused a significant compaction of ubiquitin, likely from N-terminal S-Ru-N chelation, while binding of [Ru(cym)(PTA)] to His residues of ubiquitin or myoglobin induced a smaller effect. Interestingly, the folded state of ubiquitin formed by His functionalization was more stable than Met1 metalation. The data suggests that selective metalation of amino acids at different positions on the protein impacts the conformation and potentially the biological activity of anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Eade
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Matthew P Sullivan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Timothy M Allison
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David C Goldstone
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christian G Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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2
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Roy N, Paira P. Glutathione Depletion and Stalwart Anticancer Activity of Metallotherapeutics Inducing Programmed Cell Death: Opening a New Window for Cancer Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:20670-20701. [PMID: 38764686 PMCID: PMC11097382 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The cellular defense system against exogenous substances makes therapeutics inefficient as intracellular glutathione (GSH) exhibits an astounding antioxidant activity in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) or other free radicals produced by the therapeutics. In the cancer cell microenvironment, the intracellular GSH level becomes exceptionally high to fight against oxidative stress created by the production of ROS/RNS or any free radicals, which are the byproducts of intracellular redox reactions or cellular respiration processes. Thus, in order to maintain redox homeostasis for survival of cancer cells and their rapid proliferation, the GSH level starts to escalate. In this circumstance, the administration of anticancer therapeutics is in vain, as the elevated GSH level reduces their potential by reduction or by scavenging the ROS/RNS they produce. Therefore, in order to augment the therapeutic potential of anticancer agents against elevated GSH condition, the GSH level must be depleted by hook or by crook. Hence, this Review aims to compile precisely the role of GSH in cancer cells, the importance of its depletion for cancer therapy and examples of anticancer activity of a few selected metal complexes which are able to trigger cancer cell death by depleting the GSH level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilmadhab Roy
- Department of Chemistry, School of
Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of
Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department of Chemistry, School of
Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of
Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamilnadu, India
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3
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Oszajca M, Flejszar M, Szura A, Dróżdż P, Brindell M, Kurpiewska K. Exploring the coordination chemistry of ruthenium complexes with lysozymes: structural and in-solution studies. Front Chem 2024; 12:1371637. [PMID: 38638879 PMCID: PMC11024358 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1371637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive structural analysis of the adducts formed upon the reaction of two Ru(III) complexes [HIsq][trans-RuIIICl4(dmso)(Isq)] (1) and [H2Ind][trans-RuIIICl4(dmso)(HInd)] (2) (where HInd-indazole, Isq-isoquinoline, analogs of NAMI-A) and two Ru(II) complexes, cis-[RuCl2(dmso)4] (c) and trans-[RuCl2(dmso)4] (t), with hen-egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Additionally, the crystal structure of an adduct of human lysozyme (HL) with ruthenium complex, [H2Ind][trans-RuCl4(dmso)(HInd)] was solved. X-ray crystallographic data analysis revealed that all studied Ru complexes, regardless of coordination surroundings and metal center charge, coordinate to the same amino acids (His15, Arg14, and Asp101) of HEWL, losing most of their original ligands. In the case of the 2-HL adduct, two distinct metalation sites: (i) Arg107, Arg113 and (ii) Gln127, Gln129, were identified. Crystallographic data were supported by studies of the interaction of 1 and 2 with HEWL in an aqueous solution. Hydrolytic stability studies revealed that both complexes 1 and 2 liberate the N-heterocyclic ligand under crystallization-like conditions (pH 4.5) as well as under physiological pH conditions, and this process is not significantly affected by the presence of HEWL. A comparative examination of nine crystal structures of Ru complexes with lysozyme, obtained through soaking and co-crystallization experiments, together with in-solution studies of the interaction between 1 and 2 with HEWL, indicates that the hydrolytic release of the N-heterocyclic ligand is one of the critical factors in the interaction between Ru complexes and lysozyme. This understanding is crucial in shedding light on the tendency of Ru complexes to target diverse metalation sites during the formation and in the final forms of the adducts with proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oszajca
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Flejszar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Szura
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Dróżdż
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Brindell
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kurpiewska
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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4
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La Manna S, Di Natale C, Panzetta V, Leone M, Mercurio FA, Cipollone I, Monti M, Netti PA, Ferraro G, Terán A, Sánchez-Peláez AE, Herrero S, Merlino A, Marasco D. A Diruthenium Metallodrug as a Potent Inhibitor of Amyloid-β Aggregation: Synergism of Mechanisms of Action. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:564-575. [PMID: 38117944 PMCID: PMC10777406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of paddlewheel diruthenium compounds are highly dependent on the nature of the ligands surrounding the bimetallic core. Herein, we compare the ability of two diruthenium compounds, [Ru2Cl(D-p-FPhF)(O2CCH3)3]·H2O (1) (D-p-FPhF- = N,N'-bis(4-fluorophenyl)formamidinate) and K3[Ru2(O2CO)4]·3H2O (2), to act as inhibitors of amyloid aggregation of the Aβ1-42 peptide and its peculiar fragments, Aβ1-16 and Aβ21-40. A wide range of biophysical techniques has been used to determine the inhibition capacity against aggregation and the possible mechanism of action of these compounds (Thioflavin T fluorescence and autofluorescence assays, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and electron scanning microscopy). Data show that the most effective inhibitory effect is shown for compound 1. This compound inhibits fiber formation and completely abolishes the cytotoxicity of Aβ1-42. The antiaggregatory capacity of this complex can be explained by a binding mechanism of the dimetallic units to the peptide chain along with π-π interactions between the formamidinate ligand and the aromatic side chains. The results suggest the potential use of paddlewheel diruthenium complexes as neurodrugs and confirm the importance of the steric and charge effects on the properties of diruthenium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Panzetta
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Irene Cipollone
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE
Biotecnologie
Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” S.c.a r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE
Biotecnologie
Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” S.c.a r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Aarón Terán
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana E. Sánchez-Peláez
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Herrero
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80145 Naples, Italy
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5
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Ferraro G, Tito G, Sciortino G, Garribba E, Merlino A. Stabilization and Binding of [V 4 O 12 ] 4- and Unprecedented [V 20 O 54 (NO 3 )] n- to Lysozyme upon Loss of Ligands and Oxidation of the Potential Drug V IV O(acetylacetonato) 2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310655. [PMID: 37768728 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution crystal structures of lysozyme in the presence of the potential drug VIV O(acetylacetonato)2 under two different experimental conditions have been solved. The crystallographic study reveals the loss of the ligands, the oxidation of VIV to VV and the subsequent formation of adducts of the protein with two different polyoxidovanadates: [V4 O12 ]4- , which interacts with lysozyme non-covalently, and the unprecedented [V20 O54 (NO3 )]n- , which is covalenty bound to the side chain of an aspartate residue of symmetry related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tito
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciortino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 16, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
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6
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Pereira SAP, Romano-deGea J, Barbosa AI, Costa Lima SA, Dyson PJ, Saraiva MLMFS. Fine-tuning the cytotoxicity of ruthenium(II) arene compounds to enhance selectivity against breast cancers. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:11679-11690. [PMID: 37552495 PMCID: PMC10442743 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-based complexes have been suggested as promising anticancer drugs exhibiting reduced general toxicity compared to platinum-based drugs. In particular, Ru(η6-arene)(PTA)Cl2 (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane), or RAPTA, complexes have demonstrated efficacy against breast cancer by suppressing metastasis, tumorigenicity, and inhibiting the replication of the human tumor suppressor gene BRCA1. However, RAPTA compounds have limited cytotoxicity, and therefore comparatively high doses are required. This study explores the activity of a series of RAPTA-like ruthenium(II) arene compounds against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and [Ru(η6-toluene)(PPh3)2Cl]+ was identified as a promising candidate. Notably, [Ru(η6-toluene)(PPh3)2Cl]Cl was found to be remarkably stable and highly cytotoxic, and selective to breast cancer cells. The minor groove of DNA was identified as a relevant target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A P Pereira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jan Romano-deGea
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Isabel Barbosa
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sofia A Costa Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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7
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Merlino A. Metallodrug binding to serum albumin: Lessons from biophysical and structural studies. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Kowalski K. A brief survey on the application of metal-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reactions to the synthesis of ferrocenyl-x-1,2,3-triazolyl-R (x = none or a linker and R = organic entity) compounds with anticancer activity. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Međedović M, Rilak Simović A, Ćoćić D, Senft L, Matić S, Todorović D, Popović S, Baskić D, Petrović B. New ruthenium(II) complexes with quinone diimine and substituted bipyridine as inert ligands: synthesis, characterization, mechanism of action, DNA/HSA binding affinity and cytotoxic activity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1323-1344. [PMID: 36629870 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02993f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the synthesis and structural characterization of a series of new ruthenium(II) complexes 1-7, with the general formula mer-[RuL3(N-N)Cl]Cl, where L is 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (tpy) or 4'-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (Cl-Ph-tpy) and N-N is o-benzoquinonediimine (o-bqdi), 2,3-naphthoquinonediimine (nqdi), 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dmbpy) or 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (dcbpy). The kinetic results showed that the ligand substitution reactions of new Ru(II)-polypyridyl complexes with biomolecules were affected by different substituents and the aromaticity of meridional tridentate and bidentate spectator ligands as well as by the nature of the entering nucleophile. The reactivity of the complexes increases in the order: dmbpy < dcbipy < nqdi < o-bqdi. In addition, quantum chemical calculations were performed to support the interpretation and discussion of the experimental data. Furthermore, combining ethidium bromide (EB) and Hoechst 33258 (2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[5-(4-methylpiperazine-1-yl)benzimidazo-2-yl]-benzimidazole) fluorescence assay results implied that 1-7 might interact with calf thymus DNA through partial intercalation and/or minor groove binding. The human serum albumin (HAS)-fluorescence binding studies involving the site markers, eosin Y, as a marker for site I of subdomain IIA, and ibuprofen, as a marker for site II of subdomain IIIA, showed that Ru(II) compounds bind to both sites with moderately strong affinity (Kb = 104-106 M-1). Moreover, these DNA/HSA experimental results were confirmed by molecular docking. Complexes 2, 5 and 6 exerted good to strong and highly selective cytotoxic activity against breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB 231), colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) and cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa). Depending on their structure and cell line, the complexes acted differently in terms of their influence on autophagy, the cell cycle and the engaged apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Međedović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ana Rilak Simović
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Natural Sciences, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Dušan Ćoćić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Laura Senft
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU) München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Sanja Matić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Danijela Todorović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Genetics, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Suzana Popović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan Baskić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Biljana Petrović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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10
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Nguyen YT, Kim N, Lee HJ. Metal Complexes as Promising Matrix Metalloproteinases Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021258. [PMID: 36674771 PMCID: PMC9861486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancers and dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, are the most fatal causes of death. Many studies tried to understand the pathogenesis of those diseases clearly and develop a promising way to treat the diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been reported to be involved in the pathology of cancers and AD through tumor cell movement and amyloid degradation. Therefore, control of the levels and actions of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9, is necessary to care for and/or cure cancer and AD. Various molecules have been examined for their potential application as regulators of MMPs expression and activity. Among the molecules, multiple metal complexes have shown advantages, including simple synthesis, less toxicity and specificity toward MMPs in cancer cells or in the brain. In this review, we summarize the recent studies and knowledge of metal complexes (e.g., Pt-, Ru-, Au-, Fe-, Cu-, Ni-, Zn-, and Sn-complexes) targeting MMPs and their potentials for treating and/or caring the most fatal human diseases, cancers and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namdoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
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11
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Cao K, Zhu Y, Hou Z, Liu M, Yang Y, Hu H, Dai Y, Wang Y, Yuan S, Huang G, Mei J, Sadler PJ, Liu Y. α-Synuclein as a Target for Metallo-Anti-Neurodegenerative Agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215360. [PMID: 36345707 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique thermodynamic and kinetic coordination chemistry of ruthenium allows it to modulate key adverse aggregation and membrane interactions of α-synuclein (α-syn) associated with Parkinson's disease. We show that the low-toxic RuIII complex trans-[ImH][RuCl4 (Me2 SO)(Im)] (NAMI-A) has dual inhibitory effects on both aggregation and membrane interactions of α-syn with submicromolar affinity, and disassembles pre-formed fibrils. NAMI-A abolishes the cytotoxicity of α-syn towards neuronal cells and mitigates neurodegeneration and motor impairments in a rat model of Parkinson's. Multinuclear NMR and MS analyses show that NAMI-A binds to residues involved in protein aggregation and membrane binding. NMR studies reveal the key steps in pro-drug activation and the effect of activated NAMI-A species on protein folding. Our findings provide a new basis for designing ruthenium complexes which could mitigate α-syn-induced Parkinson's pathology differently from organic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhuanghao Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Manman Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongze Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Siming Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guangming Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiaming Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Yangzhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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12
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Zhang C, Kang T, Wang X, Song J, Zhang J, Li G. Stimuli-responsive platinum and ruthenium complexes for lung cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1035217. [PMID: 36324675 PMCID: PMC9618881 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1035217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. More efficient treatments are desperately needed. For decades, the success of platinum-based anticancer drugs has promoted the exploration of metal-based agents. Four ruthenium-based complexes have also entered clinical trials as candidates of anticancer metallodrugs. However, systemic toxicity, severe side effects and drug-resistance impeded their applications and efficacy. Stimuli-responsiveness of Pt- and Ru-based complexes provide a great chance to weaken the side effects and strengthen the clinical efficacy in drug design. This review provides an overview on the stimuli-responsive Pt- and Ru-based metallic anticancer drugs for lung cancer. They are categorized as endo-stimuli-responsive, exo-stimuli-responsive, and dual-stimuli-responsive prodrugs based on the nature of stimuli. We describe various representative examples of structure, response mechanism, and potential medical applications in lung cancer. In the end, we discuss the future opportunities and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Kang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Zhang, ; Guanying Li,
| | - Guanying Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Zhang, ; Guanying Li,
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13
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Ferraro G, Paolillo M, Sciortino G, Garribba E, Merlino A. Multiple and Variable Binding of Pharmacologically Active Bis(maltolato)oxidovanadium(IV) to Lysozyme. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16458-16467. [PMID: 36205235 PMCID: PMC9579999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The interaction with
proteins of metal-based drugs plays a crucial
role in their transport, mechanism, and activity. For an active MLn complex, where L is the organic carrier,
various binding modes (covalent and non-covalent, single or multiple)
may occur and several metal moieties (M, ML, ML2, etc.)
may interact with proteins. In this study, we have evaluated the interaction
of [VIVO(malt)2] (bis(maltolato)oxidovanadium(IV)
or BMOV, where malt = maltolato, i.e., the common name for 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-onato) with the model protein hen egg white lysozyme
(HEWL) by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, electron paramagnetic
resonance, and X-ray crystallography. The multiple binding of different
V-containing isomers and enantiomers to different sites of HEWL is
observed. The data indicate both non-covalent binding of cis-[VO(malt)2(H2O)] and [VO(malt)(H2O)3]+ and covalent binding of [VO(H2O)3–4]2+ and cis-[VO(malt)2] and other V-containing fragments to the side chains of Glu35,
Asp48, Asn65, Asp87, and Asp119 and to the C-terminal carboxylate.
Our results suggest that the multiple and variable interactions of
potential VIVOL2 drugs with proteins can help
to better understand their solution chemistry and contribute to define
the molecular basis of the mechanism of action of these intriguing
molecules. The interaction of [VIVO(malt)2] (BMOV,
malt = maltolato) with hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) reveals the multiple
binding of different V-containing isomers and enantiomers to different
sites and non-covalent and covalent binding of cis-[VO(malt)2(H2O)], [VO(malt)(H2O)3]+, [VO(H2O)3−4]2+, and cis-[VO(malt)2] to Glu,
Asp, and Asn residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maddalena Paolillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciortino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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14
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Reactions of Ru(III)-drugs KP1019 and KP418 with guanine, 2'-deoxyguanosine and guanosine: a DFT study. J Mol Model 2022; 28:291. [PMID: 36063245 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium (Ru)-based anticancer drugs are considered to be novel alternatives of platinum-based drugs. They exhibit potent cytotoxicity against the cancer cells and hence are useful for the treatment of cancer. Herein, the density functional theory calculations in the gas phase and aqueous media are carried out to study the reactions of two Ru(III)-based drugs such as KP1019 and KP418 with the N7 site of guanine (G), 2'-deoxyguanosine (dGua), and guanosine (Gua) to understand their reactivity against the DNA and RNA. All the reactions are found to be exothermic. The activation free energies and rate constants of these reactions indicate that KP1019 and KP418 would react with the dGua more readily than Gua. Hence, the binding of these drugs with the DNA would be more preferred as compared to RNA. It is further found that among these drugs, KP1019 would be more reactive than KP418 in agreement with the experimental observation. Thus, this study is expected to aid in the future development of potent anticancer drugs.
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15
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Zheng Y, Li B, Ai Y, Chen M, Zheng X, Qi J. Synthesis, crystal structures and anti-cancer mechanism of Cu(II) complex derived from 2-acetylpyrazine thiosemicarbazone. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2111660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Zheng
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Bin Li
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Yu Ai
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Jinxu Qi
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
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16
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Wang L, Liang YS, Wu ZB, Liu YS, Xiao YH, Hu T, Gao R, Fang J, Liu J, Wu AP. Exploring the interaction between Cry1Ac protein and Zn 2+, Cd 2+ metal ions by fluorescence quenching and molecular docking approaches. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134105. [PMID: 35245590 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt) protein has a strong ability to complex with metal ions, which may increase the transport of metal ions in the soil multi-media system. In this study, the interactions between Cry1Ac protein and metal ions (Zn2+ and Cd2+) were investigated through spectroscopies and molecular docking methods. The spectra results showed that both Zn2+ and Cd2+ quenched the fluorescence intensity of Cry1Ac protein through the static quenching. The binding constants with 4-5 orders of magnitude also indicated the interactions between the ions and the Cry1Ac protein. The thermodynamic analysis showed that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces were predominant during the processes. In terms of the Förster non-radiation energy transfer theory, the binding distances between metal ions and Cry1Ac protein were approximately 0.21-0.24 nm, indicating the existence of a non-radiative energy transfer between them. Furthermore, molecular docking revealed that the metal ions participated in ligand binding with the Cry1Ac at the locations Asp569, Thr560, Asn564 and Gln566. The present work provided reasonable models helping us further understand the transport effect of heavy metals in the presence of Cry1Ac. The results could provide mechanistic insights into the nature of metal ions-Cry1Ac interactions and offer important information on the toxicity risk of metal ions-Cry1Ac binding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Yun-Shan Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Bin Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Yi-Song Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University and National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Yun-Hua Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Teng Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Rong Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Jiao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Ai Ping Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha, 410128, PR China
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17
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Mansour AM, Khaled RM, Khaled E, Ahmed SK, Ismael OS, Zeinhom A, Magdy H, Ibrahim SS, Abdelfatah M. Ruthenium(II) carbon monoxide releasing molecules: Structural perspective, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:114991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Biegański P, Godel M, Riganti C, Kawano DF, Kopecka J, Kowalski K. Click ferrocenyl-erlotinib conjugates active against erlotinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105514. [PMID: 34864281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to development of erlotinib and other target therapy drugs the lung cancer treatment have improved a lot in recent years. However, erlotinib-resistant lung cancer remains an unsolved clinical problem which demands for new therapeutics to be developed. Herein we report the synthesis of a library of 1,4- and 1,5-triazole ferrocenyl derivatives of erlotinib together with their anticancer activity studies against erlotinib-sensitive A549 and H1395 as well as erlotinib-resistant H1650 and H1975 cells. Studies showed that extend of anticancer activity is mainly related to the length of the spacer between the triazole and the ferrocenyl entity. Among the series of investigated compounds two isomers commonly bearing C(O)CH2CH2 spacer have shown superior to erlotinib activity against erlotinib-resistant H1650 and H1975 cells whereas compound with short methylene spacer devoid of any activity. In-depth biological studies for the most active compound showed differences in its mechanism of action in compare to erlotinib. The latter is known EGFR inhibitor whereas their ferrocenyl congener exerts anticancer activity mainly as ROS-inducer which activates mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in cancer cells. However, docking studies suggested that the most active compound can also binds to the active site of EGFR TK in a similar way as erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Biegański
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Martina Godel
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Daniel Fábio Kawano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 200 Cândido Portinari Street, Campinas, SP 13083-871, Brazil.
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland.
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19
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Loreto D, Merlino A. The interaction of rhodium compounds with proteins: A structural overview. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Chiniadis L, Giastas P, Bratsos I, Papakyriakou A. Insights into the Protein Ruthenation Mechanism by Antimetastatic Metallodrugs: High-Resolution X-ray Structures of the Adduct Formed between Hen Egg-White Lysozyme and NAMI-A at Various Time Points. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:10729-10737. [PMID: 34197115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacological profile of medicinally relevant Ru(III) coordination compounds has been ascribed to their interactions with proteins, as several studies have provided evidence that DNA is not the primary target. In this regard, numerous spectroscopic and crystallographic studies have indicated that the Ru(III) ligands play an important role in determining the metal binding site, acting as the recognition element in the early stages of the protein-complex formation. Herein, we present a series of near-atomic-resolution X-ray crystal structures of the adducts formed between the antimetastatic metallodrug imidazolium trans-[tetrachlorido(S-dimethyl sufoxide)(1H-imidazole)ruthenate(III)] (NAMI-A) and hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL). These structures elucidate a series of binding events starting from the noncovalent interaction of intact NAMI-A ions with HEWL (1.5 h), followed by the stepwise exchange of all Ru ligands except for 1H-imidazole (26 h) to the final "ruthenated" protein comprising one aquated Ru ion coordinated to histidine-15 of HEWL (98 h). Our structural data clearly support a two-step mechanism of protein ruthenation, illustrating the ligand-mediated recognition step of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petros Giastas
- Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology & Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
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21
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Santos FC, Costa PJ, Garcia MH, Morais TS. Binding of RuCp complexes with human apo-transferrin: fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. Biometals 2021; 34:1029-1042. [PMID: 34155581 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between human serum transferrin (hTf) and three promising organometallic Ru (II)- (η5-C5H5) derived complexes, that have already shown strong in vitro cytotoxicity towards human cancer cell lines, has been investigated using fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The results suggested that the formation of Ru-hTf systems involves a dynamic collision. The binding process occurs spontaneously (ΔG < 0), mainly driven by hydrophobic interactions. Additional docking studies show that all complexes bind preferably to a specific hydrophobic pocket in the C2-subdomain as already observed for other metal-cyclopentadienyl (MCp) complexes and are in agreement with the experimental results. With these studies we hope to contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of action of these promising cytotoxic agents, thus providing clues for a more rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa C Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Costa
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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22
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Photocytotoxic Activity of Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Phenanthroline-Hydrazone Ligands. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072084. [PMID: 33917290 PMCID: PMC8038675 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on the synthesis and characterization of two new polypyridyl-hydrazone Schiff bases, (E)-N′-(6-oxo-1,10-phenanthrolin-5(6H)-ylidene)thiophene-2-carbohydrazide (L1) and (E)-N′-(6-oxo-1,10-phenanthrolin-5(6H)-ylidene)furan-2-carbohydrazide (L2), and their two Ru(II) complexes of the general formula [RuCl(DMSO)(phen)(Ln)](PF6). Considering that hydrazides are a structural part of severa l drugs and metal complexes containing phenanthroline derivatives are known to interact with DNA and to exhibit antitumor activity, more potent anticancer agents can be obtained by covalently linking the thiophene acid hydrazide or the furoic acid hydrazide to a 1,10-phenanthroline moiety. These ligands and the Ru(II) complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, electronic, vibrational, 1H NMR, and ESI-MS spectroscopies. Ru is bound to two different N-heterocyclic ligands. One chloride and one S-bonded DMSO in cis-configuration to each other complete the octahedral coordination sphere around the metal ion. The ligands are very effective in inhibiting cellular growth in a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line, K562. Both complexes are able to interact with DNA and present moderate cytotoxic activity, but 5 min of UV-light exposure increases cytotoxicity by three times.
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23
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24
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Hairat S, Zaki M. Half sandwiched RutheniumII complexes: En Route towards the targeted delivery by Human Serum Albumin (HSA). J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Abstract
Recent advances in structural studies unveiling the basis of the metal compounds/protein recognition process are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo
- Napoli
- Italy
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26
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Shah SR, Shah Z, Khan A, Ahmed A, Khwaja S, Csuk R, Anwar MU, Al-Harrasi A. Alkali complexes of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit lung and oral cancers in vitro. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04585c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alkali metal complexes (Li, K, and Cs) displayed excellent activities against oral and lung cancer cells with the least toxicity toward normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Raza Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre
- University of Nizwa
- Birkat Almouz
- Oman
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Zarbad Shah
- Department of Chemistry
- Bacha Khan University Charsadda
- Charsadda 24420
- Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre
- University of Nizwa
- Birkat Almouz
- Oman
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi 75270
- Pakistan
| | - Shariqa Khwaja
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi 75270
- Pakistan
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle (Saale)
- Germany
| | - Muhammad U. Anwar
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre
- University of Nizwa
- Birkat Almouz
- Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre
- University of Nizwa
- Birkat Almouz
- Oman
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27
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Hassoon AA, Szorcsik A, Bogár F, Papp IZ, Fülöp L, Kele Z, Gajda T. The interaction of half-sandwich (η 5-Cp*)Rh(III) cation with histidine containing peptides and their ternary species with (N,N) bidentate ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 216:111330. [PMID: 33360738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Our goal was to explore the possible interactions of the potential metallodrug (η5-Cp*)Rh(III) complexes with histidine containing biomolecules (peptides/proteins) in order to understand the most important thermodynamic factors influencing the biospeciation and biotransformation of (η5-Cp*)Rh(III) complexes. To this end, here we report systematic solution thermodynamic and solution structural study on the interaction of (η5-Cp*)Rh(III) cation with histidine containing peptides and their constituents ((N-methyl)imidazole, GGA-OH, GGH-OH, histidine-amide, HGG-OH, GHG-NH2), based on extensive 1H NMR, ESI-MS and potentiometric investigations. The comparative evaluation of our data indicated that (η5-Cp*)Rh(III) cation is able to induce the deprotonation of amide nitrogen well below pH 7. Consequently, at physiological pH the peptides are coordinated to Rh(III) by tridentate manner, with the participation of amide nitrogen. At pH 7.4 the (η5-Cp*)Rh(III) binding affinity of peptides follow the order GGA-OH < < GGH-OH < < histidine-amide < HGG-OH < GHG-NH2, i.e. the observed binding strength essentially depends on the presence and position of histidine within the peptide sequence. We also performed computational study on the possible solution structures of complexes present at near physiological pH. At pH 7.4 all histidine containing peptides form ternary complexes with strongly coordinating (N,N) bidentate ligands (ethylenediamine or bipyridyl), in which the peptides are monodentately coordinated to Rh(III) through their imidazole N1‑nitrogens. In addition, the strongest chelators histidine-amide, HGG-OH and GHG-NH2 are also able to displace these powerful bidentate ligands from the coordination sphere of Rh(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza A Hassoon
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Szorcsik
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bogár
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Biomimetic Systems Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Zita Papp
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lívia Fülöp
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kele
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Gajda
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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28
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Maikoo S, Makayane D, Booysen IN, Ngubane P, Khathi A. Ruthenium compounds as potential therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 213:113064. [PMID: 33279292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder which is globally responsible for millions of fatalities per year. Management of T2DM typically involves orally administered anti-hyperglycaemic drugs in conjunction with dietary interventions. However, the current conventional therapy seems to be largely ineffective as patients continue to develop complications such as cardiovascular diseases, blindness and kidney failure. Existing alternative treatment entails the administration of organic therapeutic pharmaceuticals, but these drugs have various side effects such as nausea, headaches, weight gain, respiratory and liver damage. Transition metal complexes have shown promise as anti-diabetic agents owing to their diverse mechanisms of activity. In particular, selected ruthenium compounds have exhibited intriguing biological behaviours as Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) 1B and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitors, as well as aggregation suppressants for the human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP). This focussed review serves as a survey on studies pertaining to ruthenium compounds as metallo-drugs for T2DM. Herein, we also provide perspectives on directions to fully elucidate in vivo functions of this class of potential metallopharmaceuticals. More specifically, there is still a need to investigate the pharmacokinetics of ruthenium drugs in order to establish their biodistribution patterns which will affirm whether these metal complexes are substitutionally inert or serve as pro-drugs. In addition, embedding oral-administered ruthenium complexes into bio-compatible polymers can be a prospective means of enhancing stability during drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Maikoo
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Daniel Makayane
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Irvin Noel Booysen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
| | - Phikelelani Ngubane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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da Silva CFN, Chrispim PBH, Possato B, Portapilla GB, Rohrabaugh TN, Ramos LCB, Santana da Silva R, de Albuquerque S, Turro C, Nikolaou S. Anticancer and antitrypanosomal activities of trinuclear ruthenium compounds with orthometalated phenazine ligands. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16440-16452. [PMID: 32776028 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01035a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trinuclear ruthenium complexes with orthometalated phenazines of general formula [Ru3(μ3-O)(μ2-OAc)5(L)(py)2]PF6 (L = dppn, benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, 1; dppz, dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, 2; CH3-dppz, 7-methyldipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, 3; Cl-dppz, 7-chlorodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, 4) were investigated for their cytotoxic activity toward the B16F10 murine melanoma and the L929 non-cancer cell lines and against Trypanosoma cruzi (2-4). This study also reports a multi-technique investigation into how complexes 1-4 interact with DNA and human serum albumin, HSA. At concentrations ranging from 2 to 50 μM, all the complexes reduced B16F10 murine melanoma cell viability by over 50%. Complex 4 had the highest cytotoxic effect in the series, diminishing B16F10 cell viability to 38% at 2 μM, with an overall order for anticancer activity of 4 > 2 > 3 > 1. Complexes 2-4 showed remarkable activity in inhibiting epimastigote and amastigote forms of T. cruzi. Complex 2 showed better antitrypanosomal activity than the reference drug (IC50 = 1.19 μM and IC50 = 0.25 μM for epimastigote and amastigotes forms, respectivily). Ethidium bromide (EB) displacement assays showed that DNA intercalation progressively increases with the extension of the π-conjugation of the cyclometalating ligand and the presence of substituents in the phenazinic portion (1 > 4-3 > 2), showing that complex 1 is a stronger intercalator than EB itself (Kapp > 107 M-1). Viscosity measurements followed the same trend. Cytotoxicity against cancer cells and antitrypanosomal activity follow the same order, which is different to the tendency of DNA intercalation, suggesting DNA is not the main target of these complexes. Compound 1-4 showed very high affinity with HSA (Kb ∼109 M-1). Circular dichroism results also showed that the complexes alter significantly the secondary structure of the HSA, lowering the α-helix % from 86.2 (pure protein) to less than 5% for compounds 1, 2 and 4 at 2.8 μM. These findings demonstrated the important role of phenazines for the biological activity of triruthenium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Fontes Neves da Silva
- LABIQSC2 (Laboratório de Atividade Biológica e Química Supramolecular de Compostos de Coordenação), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Macii F, Biver T. Spectrofluorimetric analysis of the binding of a target molecule to serum albumin: tricky aspects and tips. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 216:111305. [PMID: 33261935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein binding heavily modulates drug activity. Therefore, the binding features need to be elucidated when chemistry researchers study new molecules (metal complexes) to be used as drugs. This paper concerns the experimental and data treatment aspects of the mechanistic analysis of the binding to a fluorescent protein (the golden standard serum albumin) by using direct fluorescence titrations. Fluorescence data are not rarely only qualitatively used, neglecting further treatments which could offer a precious detailed picture of the behavior of the drug. We aim to spread a mechanistic approach, discussing the critical aspects for correctly designing the experiments and treating the data. The researcher may confirm adduct formation and evaluate binding constants (Stern-Volmer KSV or other types of K). Also, we discuss here, with the help of literature examples, the correct use of temperature dependence of K to extract thermodynamic parameters, comment on enthalpy-entropy compensation, together with the use of synchronous spectra and exchange experiments to gain information on the binding type and site. We think that this tutorial/critical synopsis can be of help for the increasing community dealing with these experiments, which are valuable but often much more tricky than it might appear at first sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Macii
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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31
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Loreto D, Ferraro G, Merlino A. Protein-metallodrugs interactions: Effects on the overall protein structure and characterization of Au, Ru and Pt binding sites. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:970-976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Đukić MB, Jeremić MS, Filipović IP, Klisurić OR, Kojić VV, Jakimov DS, Jelić RM, Onnis V, Matović ZD. Synthesis, characterization, HSA/DNA interactions and antitumor activity of new [Ru(η 6-p-cymene)Cl 2(L)] complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 213:111256. [PMID: 32980642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three new ruthenium(II) complexes were synthesized from different substituted isothiazole ligands 5-(methylamino)-3-pyrrolidine-1-ylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile (1), 5-(methylamino)-3-(4-methylpiperazine-1-yl)isothiazole-4-carbonitrile (2) and 5-(methylamino)-3-morpholine-4-ylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile (3): [Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2(L1)]·H2O (4), [Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2(L2)] (5) and [Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2(L3)] (6). All complexes were characterized by IR, UV-Vis, NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of all ligands and complexes 4 and 6 were determined by an X-ray. The results of the interactions of CT-DNA (calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid) and HSA (human serum albumin) with ruthenium (II) complexes reveal that complex 4 binds well to CT-DNA and HSA. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the reaction between complex and HSA confirmed the associative mode of interaction. The results of Quantum mechanics (QM) modelling and docking experiments toward DNA dodecamer and HSA support the strongest binding of the complex 4 to DNA major groove, as well as its binding to IIa domain of HSA with the lowest ΔG energy, which agrees with the solution studies. The modified GOLD docking results are indicative for Ru(p-cymene)LCl··(HSA··GLU292) binding and GOLD/MOPAC(QM) docking/modelling of DNA/Ligand (Ru(II)-N(7)dG7) covalent binding. The cytotoxic activity of compounds was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. Neither of the tested compounds shows activity against a healthy MRC-5 cell line while the MCF-7 cell line is the most sensitive to all. Compounds 3, 4 and 5 were about two times more active than cisplatin, while the antiproliferative activity of 6 was almost the same as with cisplatin. Flow cytometry analysis showed the apoptotic death of the cells with a cell cycle arrest in the subG1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja B Đukić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija S Jeremić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ignjat P Filipović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Olivera R Klisurić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna V Kojić
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Doktora Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Dimitar S Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Doktora Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Ratomir M Jelić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Valentina Onnis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. n° 8, Km 0.700, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Zoran D Matović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Cirri D, Pratesi A, Marzo T, Messori L. Metallo therapeutics for COVID-19. Exploiting metal-based compounds for the discovery of new antiviral drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:39-46. [PMID: 32915656 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1819236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic poses an unprecedented challenge for the rapid discovery of drugs against this life-threatening disease. Owing to the peculiar features of the metal centers that are currently used in medicinal chemistry, metallodrugs might offer an excellent opportunity to achieve this goal. AREAS COVERED Two main strategies for developing metal-based drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 are herein illustrated. Firstly, a few clinically approved metallodrugs could be evaluated in patients according to a 'drug repurposing' approach. To this respect, the gold drug auranofin seems a promising candidate, but some other clinically established metal compounds are worthy of a careful evaluation as well. On the other hand, libraries of inorganic compounds, featuring a large chemical diversity, should be screened to identify the most effective molecules. This second strategy might be assisted by a pathway-driven discovery approach arising from a preliminary knowledge of the mode of action, exploitable to inhibit the functional activities of the key viral proteins. Also, attention must be paid to selectivity and toxicity issues. EXPERT OPINION The medicinal inorganic chemistry community may offer a valuable contribution against COVID-19. The screening of metallodrugs' libraries can expand the explored 'chemical space' and increase the chance of finding effective anti-COVID agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa , Pisa, Italy.,Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (Metmed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence , Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa , Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (Metmed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence , Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Modulation of Amyloidogenic Peptide Aggregation by Photoactivatable CO-Releasing Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080171. [PMID: 32751396 PMCID: PMC7464691 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Three Ru(II)-based CO-releasing molecules featuring bidentate benzimidazole and terpyridine derivatives as ligands were investigated for their ability to modulate the aggregation process of the second helix of the C-terminal domain of nucleophosmin 1, namely nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)264-277, a model amyloidogenic system, before and after irradiation at 365 nm. Thioflavin T (ThT) binding assays and UV/Vis absorption spectra indicate that binding of the compounds to the peptide inhibits its aggregation and that the inhibitory effect increases upon irradiation (half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values in the high micromolar range). Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry data of the peptide in the presence of one of these compounds confirm that the modulation of amyloid aggregation relies on the formation of adducts obtained when the Ru compounds react with the peptide upon releasing of labile ligands, like chloride and carbon monoxide. This mechanism of action explains the subtle different behavior of the three compounds observed in ThT experiments. Overall, data support the hypothesis that metal-based CO releasing molecules can be used to develop metal-based drugs with potential application as anti-amyloidogenic agents.
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A DFT study of reactions of Ru(III) anticancer drug KP1019 with 8-oxoguanine and 8-oxoadenine. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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36
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Maikoo S, Chakraborty A, Vukea N, Dingle LMK, Samson WJ, de la Mare JA, Edkins AL, Booysen IN. Ruthenium complexes with mono- or bis-heterocyclic chelates: DNA/BSA binding, antioxidant and anticancer studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4077-4088. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1775126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Maikoo
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Abir Chakraborty
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Nyeleti Vukea
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | | | - William John Samson
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Jo-Anne de la Mare
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Adrienne Lesley Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Irvin Noel Booysen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Mészáros JP, Poljarević JM, Szatmári I, Csuvik O, Fülöp F, Szoboszlai N, Spengler G, Enyedy ÉA. An 8-hydroxyquinoline-proline hybrid with multidrug resistance reversal activity and the solution chemistry of its half-sandwich organometallic Ru and Rh complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7977-7992. [PMID: 32500882 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01256d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein the design and synthesis of a new 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative, (S)-5-chloro-7-((proline-1-yl)methyl)8-hydroxyquinoline (HQCl-Pro), with good water solubility and multidrug resistance reversal activity are reported. In this work the proton dissociation processes of HQCl-Pro and its complex formation with [Rh(η5-C5Me5)(H2O)3]2+, [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(H2O)3]2+ and [Ru(η6-toluene)(H2O)3]2+ were investigated by the combined use of pH-potentiometry, UV-visible spectrometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Our results revealed the prominent solution stability of the complexes in all cases. The lipophilicity of the complexes increased with the chloride ion concentration, and the complexes showed moderate log D values (-0.8 to +0.4) at pH 7.4 at all tested Cl- concentrations. The formation of mixed hydroxido complexes from the aqua complexes was characterized by relatively high pKa values (8.45-9.62 in chloride-free medium). Complexation processes are much slower with the Ru(η6-arene) triaqua cations than with [Rh(η5-C5Me5)(H2O)3]2+. Both the pKa values and H2O/Cl- exchange constants of the Ru-complexes are lower by 0.5-1.0 orders of magnitude than those of the Rh analogue. Arene loss (p-cymene and toluene) and oxidation were found in the case of Ru-complexes when an excess of HQCl-Pro and aromatic (N,N) bidentate ligands was added. The cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect of HQCl-Pro and its complexes were assayed in vitro. In contrast to the structurally familiar 8-hydroxyquinoline, HQCl-Pro and its Rh(η5-C5Me5) complex were somewhat more effective against drug resistant Colo 320 adenocarcinoma human cells compared to the drug sensitive Colo 205 cells. The Ru- and Rh-complexes showed a similar metal uptake level after 4 h, while a longer incubation time resulted in higher cellular Rh concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- János P Mészáros
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Busemann A, Araman C, Flaspohler I, Pratesi A, Zhou XQ, van Rixel VHS, Siegler MA, Messori L, van Kasteren SI, Bonnet S. Alkyne Functionalization of a Photoactivated Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complex for Click-Enabled Serum Albumin Interaction Studies. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7710-7720. [PMID: 32396371 PMCID: PMC7268191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Studying metal-protein
interactions is key for understanding the
fate of metallodrugs in biological systems. When a metal complex is
not emissive and too weakly bound for mass spectrometry analysis,
however, it may become challenging to study such interactions. In
this work a synthetic procedure was developed for the alkyne functionalization
of a photolabile ruthenium polypyridyl complex, [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(Hmte)](PF6)2, where tpy = 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine,
bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, and Hmte = 2-(methylthio)ethanol. In
the functionalized complex [Ru(HCC-tpy)(bpy)(Hmte)](PF6)2, where HCC-tpy = 4′-ethynyl-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine,
the alkyne group can be used for bioorthogonal ligation to an azide-labeled
fluorophore using copper-catalyzed “click” chemistry.
We developed a gel-based click chemistry method to study the interaction
between this ruthenium complex and bovine serum albumin (BSA). Our
results demonstrate that visualization of the interaction between
the metal complex and the protein is possible, even when this interaction
is too weak to be studied by conventional means such as UV–vis
spectroscopy or ESI mass spectrometry. In addition, the weak metal
complex-protein interaction is controlled by visible light irradiation, i.e., the complex and the protein do not interact in the
dark, but they do interact via weak van der Waals
interactions after light activation of the complex, which triggers
photosubstitution of the Hmte ligand. A “clickable”
and photosubstitutionally active
ruthenium complex has been prepared that bears a terminal alkyne group.
In the dark, the saturated coordination sphere of the complex prevents
it from interacting with serum albumin. Upon photosubstitution of
one ligand, the complex interacts with the protein via weak interactions that were visualized using copper-catalyzed “click”
chemistry postfunctionalization with an azide fluorophore on polyacrylamide
gel electrophoresis. These studies demonstrate that the metal-protein
interaction is triggered by light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Busemann
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Can Araman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Flaspohler
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Xue-Quan Zhou
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent H S van Rixel
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Small Molecule X-ray Facility, Department of Chemistry, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Sander I van Kasteren
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lewandowski EM, Szczupak Ł, Kowalczyk A, Mendoza G, Arruebo M, Jacobs LMC, Stączek P, Chen Y, Kowalski K. Metallocenyl 7‐ACA Conjugates: Antibacterial Activity Studies and Atomic‐Resolution X‐ray Crystal Structure with CTX‐M β‐Lactamase. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2187-2195. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Lewandowski
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of South Florida, >Morsani College of Medicine 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard Tampa FL 33612 US
| | - Łukasz Szczupak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Łódź Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kowalczyk
- Department of Microbial Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection University of Łódź Banacha 12/16 90-237 Łódź Poland
| | - Gracia Mendoza
- Department of Chemical Engineering Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón) University of Zaragoza Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, c/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n 5018 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón) University of Zaragoza Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, c/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n 5018 Zaragoza Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine CIBER-BBN 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - Lian M. C. Jacobs
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of South Florida, >Morsani College of Medicine 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard Tampa FL 33612 US
| | - Paweł Stączek
- Department of Microbial Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection University of Łódź Banacha 12/16 90-237 Łódź Poland
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of South Florida, >Morsani College of Medicine 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard Tampa FL 33612 US
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Łódź Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland
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High-resolution crystal structures of a “half sandwich”-type Ru(II) coordination compound bound to hen egg-white lysozyme and proteinase K. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:635-645. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Juszczak M, Kluska M, Wysokiński D, Woźniak K. Anti-cancer properties of ruthenium compounds: NAMI-A and KP1019. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2020. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.8549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer research is among the key challenges in current medicine and biology. Many decades of investigations have brought measurable benefits in both areas with regard to expanding the knowledge of the molecular mechanism of cancer and developing treatment strategies. Despite that cancers are still among diseases with the highest mortality rate, and cancer treatment is often unsuccessful and connected with severe side effects. The development of therapeutic strategies in both targeting the primary tumor origin and preventing metastasis is largely based on testing newly synthesized chemical agents, including a group of metal-containing complexes. It seems that ruthenium-containing complexes are of high potential in cancer therapy, and our work presents the current data about the application of ruthenium-based complexes − NAMI-A and KP1019 in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Juszczak
- Katedra Genetyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Magdalena Kluska
- Katedra Genetyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Daniel Wysokiński
- Katedra Genetyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Katarzyna Woźniak
- Katedra Genetyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Łódzki
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Stanic-Vucinic D, Nikolic S, Vlajic K, Radomirovic M, Mihailovic J, Cirkovic Velickovic T, Grguric-Sipka S. The interactions of the ruthenium(II)-cymene complexes with lysozyme and cytochrome c. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:253-265. [PMID: 32020293 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01758-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of four cymene-capped ruthenium(II) compounds with pro-apoptotic protein, cytochrome c (Cyt), and anti-proliferative protein lysozyme (Ly) in carbonate buffer were investigated by ESI-MS, UV-vis absorption, and CD spectroscopy. The complexes with two chloride ligands (C2 and C3) were more reactive toward proteins than those with only one (C1 and C4), and the complex with S,N-chelating ligand (C4) was less reactive than one with O,N-chelating ligand (C1). Dehalogenated complexes are most likely species, initially coordinating proteins for all tested complexes. During the time, protein adducts vividly exchanged non-arene organic ligand L with CO32- and OH-, while cymene moiety was retained. In water, only dehalogenated adducts were identified suggesting that in vivo, in the presence of various anions, dynamic ligand exchange could generate different intermediate protein species. Although all complexes reduced Cyt, the reduction was not dependent on their reactivity to protein, implying that initially noncovalent binding to Cyt occurs, causing its reduction, followed by coordination to protein. Cyt reduction was accompanied with rupture of ferro-Met 80 and occupation of this hem coordination site by a histidine His-33/26. Therefore, in Cyt with C2 and C3, less intensive reduction of hem iron leaves more unoccupied target residues for Ru coordination, leading to more efficient formation of covalent adducts, in comparison to C1 and C4. This study contributes to development of new protein-targeted Ru(II) cymene complexes, and to the design of new cancer therapies based on targeted delivery of Ru(II) arene complexes bound on pro-apoptotic/anti-proliferative proteins as vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Stanic-Vucinic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefan Nikolic
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vlajic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Radomirovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mihailovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.,Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, 21985, Korea.,Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Grguric-Sipka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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44
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Mansour AM, Shehab OR, Radacki K. Role of Sulfonate Appendage in the Protein Binding Affinity of Half-Sandwich Ruthenium(II)(η6
-p
-Cym) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Mansour
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Gamma Street, Giza 12613 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ola R. Shehab
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Gamma Street, Giza 12613 Cairo Egypt
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Faculty of Science; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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45
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Protein binding affinity of biologically active thiourea based half-sandwich Ru(II) cymene complexes. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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46
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Li YJ, Lai HT, Hu CH, Chen JH, Lin CH, Huang JH. Geometric isomerization and geometry controlled catalytic alcohol aminations of ruthenium hydride compounds containing bidentate pyrrolyl-imines. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.120957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Jain A. Multifunctional, heterometallic ruthenium-platinum complexes with medicinal applications. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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48
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Shah PK, Shukla PK. Effect of axial ligands on the mechanisms of action of Ru(III) complexes structurally similar to NAMI-A: a DFT study. Struct Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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49
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Chemistry and reactivity of ruthenium(II) complexes: DNA/protein binding mode and anticancer activity are related to the complex structure. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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50
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Annunziata A, Cucciolito ME, Esposito R, Ferraro G, Monti DM, Merlino A, Ruffo F. Five‐Coordinate Platinum(II) Compounds as Potential Anticancer Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Maria Elena Cucciolito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
- Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27 – 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Roberto Esposito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
- Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27 – 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia, 3‐13 – 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Francesco Ruffo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
- Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27 – 70126 Bari Italy
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