1
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Ocket E, Matthaeus C. Insights in caveolae protein structure arrangements and their local lipid environment. Biol Chem 2024; 0:hsz-2024-0046. [PMID: 38970809 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2024-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Caveolae are 50-80 nm sized plasma membrane invaginations found in adipocytes, endothelial cells or fibroblasts. They are involved in endocytosis, lipid uptake and the regulation of the cellular lipid metabolism as well as sensing and adapting to changes in plasma membrane tension. Caveolae are characterized by their unique lipid composition and their specific protein coat consisting of caveolin and cavin proteins. Recently, detailed structural information was obtained for the major caveolae protein caveolin1 showing the formation of a disc-like 11-mer protein complex. Furthermore, the importance of the cavin disordered regions in the generation of cavin trimers and caveolae at the plasma membrane were revealed. Thus, finally, structural insights about the assembly of the caveolar coat can be elucidated. Here, we review recent developments in caveolae structural biology with regard to caveolae coat formation and caveolae curvature generation. Secondly, we discuss the importance of specific lipid species necessary for caveolae curvature and formation. In the last years, it was shown that specifically sphingolipids, cholesterol and fatty acids can accumulate in caveolae invaginations and may drive caveolae endocytosis. Throughout, we summarize recent studies in the field and highlight future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ocket
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Cellular Physiology of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, Building 29, Room 0.08, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claudia Matthaeus
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Cellular Physiology of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, Building 29, Room 0.08, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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2
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Lundmark R, Larsson E, Pulkkinen LIA. The adaptable caveola coat generates a plasma membrane sensory system. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 88:102371. [PMID: 38788266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Caveolae are atypical plasma membrane invaginations that take part in lipid sorting and regulation of oxidative and mechanical plasma membrane stress. Caveola formation requires caveolin, cavin, and specific lipid types. The recent advances in understanding the structure and assembly of caveolin and cavin complexes within the membrane context have clarified the fundamental processes underlying caveola biogenesis. In addition, the curvature of the caveola membrane is controlled by the regulatory proteins EHD2, pacsin2, and dynamin2, which also function to restrain the scission of caveolae from the plasma membrane (PM). Here, this is integrated with novel insights on caveolae as lipid and mechanosensing complexes that can dynamically flatten or disassemble to counteract mechanical, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lundmark
- Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Elin Larsson
- Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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3
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Mukhopadhyay U, Mandal T, Chakraborty M, Sinha B. The Plasma Membrane and Mechanoregulation in Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21780-21797. [PMID: 38799362 PMCID: PMC11112598 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Cells inhabit a mechanical microenvironment that they continuously sense and adapt to. The plasma membrane (PM), serving as the boundary of the cell, plays a pivotal role in this process of adaptation. In this Review, we begin by examining well-studied processes where mechanoregulation proves significant. Specifically, we highlight examples from the immune system and stem cells, besides discussing processes involving fibroblasts and other cell types. Subsequently, we discuss the common molecular players that facilitate the sensing of the mechanical signal and transform it into a chemical response covering integrins YAP/TAZ and Piezo. We then review how this understanding of molecular elements is leveraged in drug discovery and tissue engineering alongside a discussion of the methodologies used to measure mechanical properties. Focusing on the processes of endocytosis, we discuss how cells may respond to altered membrane mechanics using endo- and exocytosis. Through the process of depleting/adding the membrane area, these could also impact membrane mechanics. We compare pathways from studies illustrating the involvement of endocytosis in mechanoregulation, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and the CLIC/GEEC (CG) pathway as central examples. Lastly, we review studies on cell-cell fusion during myogenesis, the mechanical integrity of muscle fibers, and the reported and anticipated roles of various molecular players and processes like endocytosis, thereby emphasizing the significance of mechanoregulation at the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biological
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education
and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Tithi Mandal
- Department of Biological
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education
and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | | | - Bidisha Sinha
- Department of Biological
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education
and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
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4
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Yamasaki H, Itoh RD, Mizumoto KB, Yoshida YS, Otaki JM, Cohen MF. Spatiotemporal Characteristics Determining the Multifaceted Nature of Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species in Relation to Proton Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38407968 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive sulfur species (RSS) act as signaling molecules, regulating gene expression, enzyme activity, and physiological responses. However, excessive amounts of these molecular species can lead to deleterious effects, causing cellular damage and death. This dual nature of ROS, RNS, and RSS presents an intriguing conundrum that calls for a new paradigm. Recent Advances: Recent advancements in the study of photosynthesis have offered significant insights at the molecular level and with high temporal resolution into how the photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex manages to prevent harmful ROS production during the water-splitting process. These findings suggest that a dynamic spatiotemporal arrangement of redox reactions, coupled with strict regulation of proton transfer, is crucial for minimizing unnecessary ROS formation. Critical Issues: To better understand the multifaceted nature of these reactive molecular species in biology, it is worth considering a more holistic view that combines ecological and evolutionary perspectives on ROS, RNS, and RSS. By integrating spatiotemporal perspectives into global, cellular, and biochemical events, we discuss local pH or proton availability as a critical determinant associated with the generation and action of ROS, RNS, and RSS in biological systems. Future Directions: The concept of localized proton availability will not only help explain the multifaceted nature of these ubiquitous simple molecules in diverse systems but also provide a basis for new therapeutic strategies to manage and manipulate these reactive species in neural disorders, pathogenic diseases, and antiaging efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Yamasaki
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ryuuichi D Itoh
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Yuki S Yoshida
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Joji M Otaki
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Michael F Cohen
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Santa Clara County, San Jose, California, USA
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5
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Sotodosos-Alonso L, Del Pozo MA. Cancer cell invasion: Caveolae and invadosomes are partners in crime. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R244-R246. [PMID: 38531317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
During cancer progression, tumor cells need to disseminate by remodeling the extracellular tumor matrix. A recent study sheds light on the intricate cooperation between caveolae and invadosomes that facilitates the spread of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sotodosos-Alonso
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Morel C, Lemerle E, Tsai FC, Obadia T, Srivastava N, Marechal M, Salles A, Albert M, Stefani C, Benito Y, Vandenesch F, Lamaze C, Vassilopoulos S, Piel M, Bassereau P, Gonzalez-Rodriguez D, Leduc C, Lemichez E. Caveolin-1 protects endothelial cells from extensive expansion of transcellular tunnel by stiffening the plasma membrane. eLife 2024; 12:RP92078. [PMID: 38517935 PMCID: PMC10959525 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Large transcellular pores elicited by bacterial mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase (mART) exotoxins inhibiting the small RhoA GTPase compromise the endothelial barrier. Recent advances in biophysical modeling point toward membrane tension and bending rigidity as the minimal set of mechanical parameters determining the nucleation and maximal size of transendothelial cell macroaperture (TEM) tunnels induced by bacterial RhoA-targeting mART exotoxins. We report that cellular depletion of caveolin-1, the membrane-embedded building block of caveolae, and depletion of cavin-1, the master regulator of caveolae invaginations, increase the number of TEMs per cell. The enhanced occurrence of TEM nucleation events correlates with a reduction in cell height due to the increase in cell spreading and decrease in cell volume, which, together with the disruption of RhoA-driven F-actin meshwork, favor membrane apposition for TEM nucleation. Strikingly, caveolin-1 specifically controls the opening speed of TEMs, leading to their dramatic 5.4-fold larger widening. Consistent with the increase in TEM density and width in siCAV1 cells, we record a higher lethality in CAV1 KO mice subjected to a catalytically active mART exotoxin targeting RhoA during staphylococcal bloodstream infection. Combined theoretical modeling with independent biophysical measurements of plasma membrane bending rigidity points toward a specific contribution of caveolin-1 to membrane stiffening in addition to the role of cavin-1/caveolin-1-dependent caveolae in the control of membrane tension homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Morel
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Inserm U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de MicrobiologieParisFrance
| | - Eline Lemerle
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR974, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en MyologieParisFrance
| | - Feng-Ching Tsai
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, Physics of Cells and Cancer LaboratoryParisFrance
| | - Thomas Obadia
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HubParisFrance
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and AnalyticsParisFrance
| | - Nishit Srivastava
- Institut Curie and Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
| | - Maud Marechal
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Inserm U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de MicrobiologieParisFrance
| | - Audrey Salles
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Photonic Bio-Imaging, Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (UTechS-PBI, C2RT)ParisFrance
| | - Marvin Albert
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Image Analysis HubParisFrance
| | - Caroline Stefani
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Department of ImmunologySeattleUnited States
| | - Yvonne Benito
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civiles de LyonLyonFrance
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, FranceLyonFrance
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1143, CNRS UMR3666, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling LaboratoryParisFrance
| | - Stéphane Vassilopoulos
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR974, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en MyologieParisFrance
| | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie and Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
| | - Patricia Bassereau
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, Physics of Cells and Cancer LaboratoryParisFrance
| | | | - Cecile Leduc
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592ParisFrance
| | - Emmanuel Lemichez
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Inserm U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de MicrobiologieParisFrance
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7
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Shi J, Wei L. ROCK1 deficiency preserves caveolar compartmentalization of signaling molecules and cell membrane integrity. FASEB Bioadv 2024; 6:85-102. [PMID: 38463696 PMCID: PMC10918988 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2024-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the roles of ROCK1 in regulating structural and functional features of caveolae located at the cell membrane of cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as well as related physiopathological effects. Caveolae are small bulb-shaped cell membrane invaginations, and their roles have been associated with disease conditions. One of the unique features of caveolae is that they are physically linked to the actin cytoskeleton that is well known to be regulated by RhoA/ROCKs pathway. In cardiomyocytes, we observed that ROCK1 deficiency is coincident with an increased caveolar density, clusters, and caveolar proteins including caveolin-1 and -3. In the mouse cardiomyopathy model with transgenic overexpressing Gαq in myocardium, we demonstrated the reduced caveolar density at cell membrane and reduced caveolar protein contents. Interestingly, coexisting ROCK1 deficiency in cardiomyocytes can rescue these defects and preserve caveolar compartmentalization of β-adrenergic signaling molecules including β1-adrenergic receptor and type V/VI adenylyl cyclase. In cardiomyocytes and adipocytes, we detected that ROCK1 deficiency increased insulin signaling with increased insulin receptor activation in caveolae. In MEFs, we identified that ROCK1 deficiency increased caveolar and total levels of caveolin-1 and cell membrane repair ability after mechanical or chemical disruptions. Together, these results demonstrate that ROCK1 can regulate caveolae plasticity and multiple functions including compartmentalization of signaling molecules and cell membrane repair following membrane disruption by mechanical force and oxidative damage. These findings provide possible molecular insights into the beneficial effects of ROCK1 deletion/inhibition in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, and MEFs under certain diseased conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Shi
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Lei Wei
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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8
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Phuyal S, Romani P, Dupont S, Farhan H. Mechanobiology of organelles: illuminating their roles in mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:1049-1061. [PMID: 37236902 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mechanobiology studies the mechanisms by which cells sense and respond to physical forces, and the role of these forces in shaping cells and tissues themselves. Mechanosensing can occur at the plasma membrane, which is directly exposed to external forces, but also in the cell's interior, for example, through deformation of the nucleus. Less is known on how the function and morphology of organelles are influenced by alterations in their own mechanical properties, or by external forces. Here, we discuss recent advances on the mechanosensing and mechanotransduction of organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Golgi apparatus, the endo-lysosmal system, and the mitochondria. We highlight open questions that need to be addressed to gain a broader understanding of the role of organelle mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Phuyal
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrizia Romani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Hesso Farhan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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9
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Monteiro P, Remy D, Lemerle E, Routet F, Macé AS, Guedj C, Ladoux B, Vassilopoulos S, Lamaze C, Chavrier P. A mechanosensitive caveolae-invadosome interplay drives matrix remodelling for cancer cell invasion. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1787-1803. [PMID: 37903910 PMCID: PMC10709148 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Invadosomes and caveolae are mechanosensitive structures that are implicated in metastasis. Here, we describe a unique juxtaposition of caveola clusters and matrix degradative invadosomes at contact sites between the plasma membrane of cancer cells and constricting fibrils both in 2D and 3D type I collagen matrix environments. Preferential association between caveolae and straight segments of the fibrils, and between invadosomes and bent segments of the fibrils, was observed along with matrix remodelling. Caveola recruitment precedes and is required for invadosome formation and activity. Reciprocally, invadosome disruption results in the accumulation of fibril-associated caveolae. Moreover, caveolae and the collagen receptor β1 integrin co-localize at contact sites with the fibrils, and integrins control caveola recruitment to fibrils. In turn, caveolae mediate the clearance of β1 integrin and collagen uptake in an invadosome-dependent and collagen-cleavage-dependent mechanism. Our data reveal a reciprocal interplay between caveolae and invadosomes that coordinates adhesion to and proteolytic remodelling of confining fibrils to support tumour cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Monteiro
- Actin and Membrane Dynamics Laboratory, Institut Curie-Research Center, CNRS UMR144, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
- Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Institut Curie-Research Center, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
| | - David Remy
- Actin and Membrane Dynamics Laboratory, Institut Curie-Research Center, CNRS UMR144, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Eline Lemerle
- Institute of Myology, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 974, Paris, France
| | - Fiona Routet
- Actin and Membrane Dynamics Laboratory, Institut Curie-Research Center, CNRS UMR144, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Macé
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Guedj
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Ladoux
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 7592, Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Lamaze
- Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Institut Curie-Research Center, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
| | - Philippe Chavrier
- Actin and Membrane Dynamics Laboratory, Institut Curie-Research Center, CNRS UMR144, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
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10
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Brooks JW, Tillu V, Eckert J, Verma S, Collins BM, Parton RG, Yap AS. Caveola mechanotransduction reinforces the cortical cytoskeleton to promote epithelial resilience. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar120. [PMID: 37672337 PMCID: PMC10846620 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-05-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As physical barriers, epithelia must preserve their integrity when challenged by mechanical stresses. Cell-cell junctions linked to the cortical cytoskeleton play key roles in this process, often with mechanotransduction mechanisms that reinforce tissues. Caveolae are mechanosensitive organelles that buffer tension via disassembly. Loss of caveolae, through caveolin-1 or cavin1 depletion, causes activation of PtdIns(4, 5)P2 signaling, recruitment of FMNL2 formin, and enhanced-cortical actin assembly. How this equates to physiological responses in epithelial cells containing endogenous caveolae is unknown. Here we examined the effect of mechanically inducing acute disassembly of caveolae in epithelia. We show that perturbation of caveolae, through direct mechanical stress, reinforces the actin cortex at adherens junctions. Increasing interactions with membrane lipids by introducing multiple phosphatidylserine-binding undecad cavin1 (UC1) repeat domains into cavin1 rendered caveolae more stable to mechanical stimuli. This molecular stabilization blocked cortical reinforcement in response to mechanical stress. Cortical reinforcement elicited by the mechanically induced disassembly of caveolae increased epithelial resilience against tensile stresses. These findings identify the actin cortex as a target of caveola mechanotransduction that contributes to epithelial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W. Brooks
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
| | - Vikas Tillu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
| | - Julia Eckert
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
| | - Suzie Verma
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
| | - Brett M. Collins
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
| | - Robert G. Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
| | - Alpha S. Yap
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia 4072
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11
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Kenworthy AK, Han B, Ariotti N, Parton RG. The Role of Membrane Lipids in the Formation and Function of Caveolae. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041413. [PMID: 37277189 PMCID: PMC10513159 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Caveolae are plasma membrane invaginations with a distinct lipid composition. Membrane lipids cooperate with the structural components of caveolae to generate a metastable surface domain. Recent studies have provided insights into the structure of essential caveolar components and how lipids are crucial for the formation, dynamics, and disassembly of caveolae. They also suggest new models for how caveolins, major structural components of caveolae, insert into membranes and interact with lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Kenworthy
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - Bing Han
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - Nicholas Ariotti
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
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12
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Wang X, Shen Y, Shang M, Liu X, Munn LL. Endothelial mechanobiology in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1656-1675. [PMID: 37163659 PMCID: PMC10325702 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious health challenge, causing more deaths worldwide than cancer. The vascular endothelium, which forms the inner lining of blood vessels, plays a central role in maintaining vascular integrity and homeostasis and is in direct contact with the blood flow. Research over the past century has shown that mechanical perturbations of the vascular wall contribute to the formation and progression of atherosclerosis. While the straight part of the artery is exposed to sustained laminar flow and physiological high shear stress, flow near branch points or in curved vessels can exhibit 'disturbed' flow. Clinical studies as well as carefully controlled in vitro analyses have confirmed that these regions of disturbed flow, which can include low shear stress, recirculation, oscillation, or lateral flow, are preferential sites of atherosclerotic lesion formation. Because of their critical role in blood flow homeostasis, vascular endothelial cells (ECs) have mechanosensory mechanisms that allow them to react rapidly to changes in mechanical forces, and to execute context-specific adaptive responses to modulate EC functions. This review summarizes the current understanding of endothelial mechanobiology, which can guide the identification of new therapeutic targets to slow or reverse the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Min Shang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lance L Munn
- Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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13
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Balistrieri A, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Pathophysiology and pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension: role of membrane receptors, ion channels, and Ca 2+ signaling. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1827-1897. [PMID: 36422993 PMCID: PMC10110735 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary circulation is a low-resistance, low-pressure, and high-compliance system that allows the lungs to receive the entire cardiac output. Pulmonary arterial pressure is a function of cardiac output and pulmonary vascular resistance, and pulmonary vascular resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the intraluminal radius of the pulmonary artery. Therefore, a very small decrease of the pulmonary vascular lumen diameter results in a significant increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a fatal and progressive disease with poor prognosis. Regardless of the initial pathogenic triggers, sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction, concentric vascular remodeling, occlusive intimal lesions, in situ thrombosis, and vascular wall stiffening are the major and direct causes for elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and other forms of precapillary pulmonary hypertension. In this review, we aim to discuss the basic principles and physiological mechanisms involved in the regulation of lung vascular hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular function, the changes in the pulmonary vasculature that contribute to the increased vascular resistance and arterial pressure, and the pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension. We focus on reviewing the pathogenic roles of membrane receptors, ion channels, and intracellular Ca2+ signaling in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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14
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Kwan HLR, Chan ZCK, Bi X, Kutkowska J, Prószyński TJ, Chan CB, Lee CW. Nerve-independent formation of membrane infoldings at topologically complex postsynaptic apparatus by caveolin-3. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg0183. [PMID: 37327338 PMCID: PMC10275590 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Junctional folds are unique membrane specializations developed progressively during the postnatal maturation of vertebrate neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), but how they are formed remains elusive. Previous studies suggested that topologically complex acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clusters in muscle cultures undergo a series of transformations, resembling the postnatal maturation of NMJs in vivo. We first demonstrated the presence of membrane infoldings at AChR clusters in cultured muscles. Live-cell super-resolution imaging further revealed that AChRs are gradually redistributed to the crest regions and spatially segregated from acetylcholinesterase along the elongating membrane infoldings over time. Mechanistically, lipid raft disruption or caveolin-3 knockdown not only inhibits membrane infolding formation at aneural AChR clusters and delays agrin-induced AChR clustering in vitro but also affects junctional fold development at NMJs in vivo. Collectively, this study demonstrated the progressive development of membrane infoldings via nerve-independent, caveolin-3-dependent mechanisms and identified their roles in AChR trafficking and redistribution during the structural maturation of NMJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lam Rachel Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zora Chui-Kuen Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyi Bi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Justyna Kutkowska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network – PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz J. Prószyński
- Łukasiewicz Research Network – PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Chi Bun Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wai Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Kenworthy AK. The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:855-869. [PMID: 37082988 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cells to divide, migrate, relay signals, sense mechanical stimuli, and respond to stress all rely on nanoscale invaginations of the plasma membrane known as caveolae. The caveolins, a family of monotopic membrane proteins, form the inner layer of the caveolar coat. Caveolins have long been implicated in the generation of membrane curvature, in addition to serving as scaffolds for signaling proteins. Until recently, however, the molecular architecture of caveolins was unknown, making it impossible to understand how they operate at a mechanistic level. Over the past year, two independent lines of evidence - experimental and computational - have now converged to provide the first-ever glimpse into the structure of the oligomeric caveolin complexes that function as the building blocks of caveolae. Here, we summarize how these discoveries are transforming our understanding of this long-enigmatic protein family and their role in caveolae assembly and function. We present new models inspired by the structure for how caveolins oligomerize, remodel membranes, interact with their binding partners, and reorganize when mutated. Finally, we discuss emerging insights into structural differences among caveolin family members that enable them to support the proper functions of diverse tissues and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Kenworthy
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, U.S.A
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, U.S.A
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16
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Sotodosos-Alonso L, Pulgarín-Alfaro M, Del Pozo MA. Caveolae Mechanotransduction at the Interface between Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060942. [PMID: 36980283 PMCID: PMC10047380 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) is subjected to multiple mechanical forces, and it must adapt and respond to them. PM invaginations named caveolae, with a specific protein and lipid composition, play a crucial role in this mechanosensing and mechanotransduction process. They respond to PM tension changes by flattening, contributing to the buffering of high-range increases in mechanical tension, while novel structures termed dolines, sharing Caveolin1 as the main component, gradually respond to low and medium forces. Caveolae are associated with different types of cytoskeletal filaments, which regulate membrane tension and also initiate multiple mechanotransduction pathways. Caveolar components sense the mechanical properties of the substrate and orchestrate responses that modify the extracellular matrix (ECM) according to these stimuli. They perform this function through both physical remodeling of ECM, where the actin cytoskeleton is a central player, and via the chemical alteration of the ECM composition by exosome deposition. Here, we review mechanotransduction regulation mediated by caveolae and caveolar components, focusing on how mechanical cues are transmitted through the cellular cytoskeleton and how caveolae respond and remodel the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sotodosos-Alonso
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Pulgarín-Alfaro
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Guo Y, Ao Y, Ye C, Xia R, Mi J, Shan Z, Shi M, Xie L, Chen Z. Nanotopographic micro-nano forces finely tune the conformation of macrophage mechanosensitive membrane protein integrin β 2 to manipulate inflammatory responses. NANO RESEARCH 2023; 16:1-15. [PMID: 37359074 PMCID: PMC9986042 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Finely tuning mechanosensitive membrane proteins holds great potential in precisely controlling inflammatory responses. In addition to macroscopic force, mechanosensitive membrane proteins are reported to be sensitive to micro-nano forces. Integrin β2, for example, might undergo a piconewton scale stretching force in the activation state. High-aspect-ratio nanotopographic structures were found to generate nN-scale biomechanical force. Together with the advantages of uniform and precisely tunable structural parameters, it is fascinating to develop low-aspect-ratio nanotopographic structures to generate micro-nano forces for finely modulating their conformations and the subsequent mechanoimmiune responses. In this study, low-aspect-ratio nanotopographic structures were developed to finely manipulate the conformation of integrin β2. The direct interaction of forces and the model molecule integrin αXβ2 was first performed. It was demonstrated that pressing force could successfully induce conformational compression and deactivation of integrin αXβ2, and approximately 270 to 720 pN may be required to inhibit its conformational extension and activation. Three low-aspect-ratio nanotopographic surfaces (nanohemispheres, nanorods, and nanoholes) with various structural parameters were specially designed to generate the micro-nano forces. It was found that the nanorods and nanohemispheres surfaces induce greater contact pressure at the contact interface between macrophages and nanotopographic structures, particularly after cell adhesion. These higher contact pressures successfully inhibited the conformational extension and activation of integrin β2, suppressing focal adhesion activity and the downstream PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, reducing NF-κB signaling and macrophage inflammatory responses. Our findings suggest that nanotopographic structures can be used to finely tune mechanosensitive membrane protein conformation changes, providing an effective strategy for precisely modulating inflammatory responses. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material (primer sequences of target genes in RT-qPCR assay; the results of solvent accessible surface area during equilibrium simulation, the ligplut results of hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions; the density of different nanotopographic structures; interaction analysis of the downregulated leading genes of "focal adhesion" signaling pathway in nanohemispheres and nanorods groups; and the GSEA results of "Rap 1 signaling pathway" and "regulation of actin cytoskeleton" in different groups) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-023-5550-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Guo
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Yong Ao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Chen Ye
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Ruidi Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Jiaomei Mi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Zhengjie Shan
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Mengru Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Lv Xie
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055 China
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18
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Opposite changes in the expression of clathrin and caveolin-1 in normal and cancerous human prostate tissue: putative clathrin-mediated recycling of EGFR. Histochem Cell Biol 2023:10.1007/s00418-023-02183-8. [PMID: 36869937 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis, an important macromolecule uptake process in cells, is known to be dysregulated in cancer. Clathrin and caveolin-1 proteins play a major role in receptor-mediated endocytosis. We have used a quantitative, unbiased and semi-automated method to measure in situ protein expression of clathrin and caveolin-1 in cancerous and paired normal (cancer adjacent, non-cancerous) human prostate tissue. There was a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the expression of clathrin in prostate cancer samples (N = 29, n = 91) compared to normal tissue (N = 29, n = 67) (N = number of patients, n = number of cores in tissue arrays). Conversely, there was a significant (p < 0.0001) decrease in expression of caveolin-1 in prostate cancer tissue compared to normal prostate tissue. The opposite change in expression of the two proteins was highly correlated to increasing cancer aggressiveness. There was also a concurrent increase in the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a key receptor in carcinogenesis, with clathrin in prostate cancer tissue, indicating recycling of EGFR through clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). These results indicate that in prostate cancer, caveolin-1-mediated endocytosis (CavME) may be acting as a brake and increase in CME may facilitate tumorigenicity and aggressiveness of prostate cancer through recycling of EGFR. Changes in the expression of these proteins can also potentially be used as a biomarker for prostate cancer to aid in diagnosis and prognosis and clinical decision-making.
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19
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Caveolin-1 dolines form a distinct and rapid caveolae-independent mechanoadaptation system. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:120-133. [PMID: 36543981 PMCID: PMC9859760 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In response to different types and intensities of mechanical force, cells modulate their physical properties and adapt their plasma membrane (PM). Caveolae are PM nano-invaginations that contribute to mechanoadaptation, buffering tension changes. However, whether core caveolar proteins contribute to PM tension accommodation independently from the caveolar assembly is unknown. Here we provide experimental and computational evidence supporting that caveolin-1 confers deformability and mechanoprotection independently from caveolae, through modulation of PM curvature. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy reveals that caveolin-1 stabilizes non-caveolar invaginations-dolines-capable of responding to low-medium mechanical forces, impacting downstream mechanotransduction and conferring mechanoprotection to cells devoid of caveolae. Upon cavin-1/PTRF binding, doline size is restricted and membrane buffering is limited to relatively high forces, capable of flattening caveolae. Thus, caveolae and dolines constitute two distinct albeit complementary components of a buffering system that allows cells to adapt efficiently to a broad range of mechanical stimuli.
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20
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Kenworthy AK. Cellular sinkholes buffer membrane tension. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:15-16. [PMID: 36543982 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Kenworthy
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. .,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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21
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Andrade V, Echard A. Mechanics and regulation of cytokinetic abscission. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1046617. [PMID: 36506096 PMCID: PMC9730121 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1046617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinetic abscission leads to the physical cut of the intercellular bridge (ICB) connecting the daughter cells and concludes cell division. In different animal cells, it is well established that the ESCRT-III machinery is responsible for the constriction and scission of the ICB. Here, we review the mechanical context of abscission. We first summarize the evidence that the ICB is initially under high tension and explain why, paradoxically, this can inhibit abscission in epithelial cells by impacting on ESCRT-III assembly. We next detail the different mechanisms that have been recently identified to release ICB tension and trigger abscission. Finally, we discuss whether traction-induced mechanical cell rupture could represent an ancient alternative mechanism of abscission and suggest future research avenues to further understand the role of mechanics in regulating abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Andrade
- CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,Collège Doctoral, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Echard
- CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,*Correspondence: Arnaud Echard,
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22
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Matthaeus C, Sochacki KA, Dickey AM, Puchkov D, Haucke V, Lehmann M, Taraska JW. The molecular organization of differentially curved caveolae indicates bendable structural units at the plasma membrane. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7234. [PMID: 36433988 PMCID: PMC9700719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34958-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are small coated plasma membrane invaginations with diverse functions. Caveolae undergo curvature changes. Yet, it is unclear which proteins regulate this process. To address this gap, we develop a correlative stimulated emission depletion (STED) fluorescence and platinum replica electron microscopy imaging (CLEM) method to image proteins at single caveolae. Caveolins and cavins are found at all caveolae, independent of curvature. EHD2 is detected at both low and highly curved caveolae. Pacsin2 associates with low curved caveolae and EHBP1 with mostly highly curved caveolae. Dynamin is absent from caveolae. Cells lacking dynamin show no substantial changes to caveolae, suggesting that dynamin is not directly involved in caveolae curvature. We propose a model where caveolins, cavins, and EHD2 assemble as a cohesive structural unit regulated by intermittent associations with pacsin2 and EHBP1. These coats can flatten and curve to enable lipid traffic, signaling, and changes to the surface area of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Matthaeus
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kem A Sochacki
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea M Dickey
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Justin W Taraska
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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23
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Vladimirov VI, Shchannikova MP, Baldin AV, Kazakov AS, Shevelyova MP, Nazipova AA, Baksheeva VE, Nemashkalova EL, Frolova AS, Tikhomirova NK, Philippov PP, Zamyatnin AA, Permyakov SE, Zinchenko DV, Zernii EY. Redox Regulation of Signaling Complex between Caveolin-1 and Neuronal Calcium Sensor Recoverin. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1698. [PMID: 36421712 PMCID: PMC9687869 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 is a cholesterol-binding scaffold protein, which is localized in detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) rafts and interacts with components of signal transduction systems, including visual cascade. Among these components are neuronal calcium sensors (NCSs), some of which are redox-sensitive proteins that respond to calcium signals by modulating the activity of multiple intracellular targets. Here, we report that the formation of the caveolin-1 complex with recoverin, a photoreceptor NCS serving as the membrane-binding regulator of rhodopsin kinase (GRK1), is a redox-dependent process. Biochemical and biophysical in vitro experiments revealed a two-fold decreased affinity of recoverin to caveolin-1 mutant Y14E mimicking its oxidative stress-induced phosphorylation of the scaffold protein. At the same time, wild-type caveolin-1 demonstrated a 5-10-fold increased affinity to disulfide dimer of recoverin (dRec) or its thiol oxidation mimicking the C39D mutant. The formation of dRec in vitro was not affected by caveolin-1 but was significantly potentiated by zinc, the well-known mediator of redox homeostasis. In the MDCK cell model, oxidative stress indeed triggered Y14 phosphorylation of caveolin-1 and disulfide dimerization of recoverin. Notably, oxidative conditions promoted the accumulation of phosphorylated caveolin-1 in the plasma membrane and the recruitment of recoverin to the same sites. Co-localization of these proteins was preserved upon depletion of intracellular calcium, i.e., under conditions reducing membrane affinity of recoverin but favoring its interaction with caveolin-1. Taken together, these data suggest redox regulation of the signaling complex between recoverin and caveolin-1. During oxidative stress, the high-affinity interaction of thiol-oxidized recoverin with caveolin-1/DRMs may disturb the light-induced translocation of the former within photoreceptors and affect rhodopsin desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliy I. Vladimirov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Margarita P. Shchannikova
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Baldin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Alexey S. Kazakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Marina P. Shevelyova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Aliya A. Nazipova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Viktoriia E. Baksheeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Ekaterina L. Nemashkalova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Anastasia S. Frolova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia K. Tikhomirova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Pavel P. Philippov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Sergei E. Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Zinchenko
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Evgeni Yu. Zernii
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
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24
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Enyong EN, Gurley JM, De Ieso ML, Stamer WD, Elliott MH. Caveolar and non-Caveolar Caveolin-1 in ocular homeostasis and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 91:101094. [PMID: 35729002 PMCID: PMC9669151 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae, specialized plasma membrane invaginations present in most cell types, play important roles in multiple cellular processes including cell signaling, lipid uptake and metabolism, endocytosis and mechanotransduction. They are found in almost all cell types but most abundant in endothelial cells, adipocytes and fibroblasts. Caveolin-1 (Cav1), the signature structural protein of caveolae was the first protein associated with caveolae, and in association with Cavin1/PTRF is required for caveolae formation. Genetic ablation of either Cav1 or Cavin1/PTRF downregulates expression of the other resulting in loss of caveolae. Studies using Cav1-deficient mouse models have implicated caveolae with human diseases such as cardiomyopathies, lipodystrophies, diabetes and muscular dystrophies. While caveolins and caveolae are extensively studied in extra-ocular settings, their contributions to ocular function and disease pathogenesis are just beginning to be appreciated. Several putative caveolin/caveolae functions are relevant to the eye and Cav1 is highly expressed in retinal vascular and choroidal endothelium, Müller glia, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and the Schlemm's canal endothelium and trabecular meshwork cells. Variants at the CAV1/2 gene locus are associated with risk of primary open angle glaucoma and the high risk HTRA1 variant for age-related macular degeneration is thought to exert its effect through regulation of Cav1 expression. Caveolins also play important roles in modulating retinal neuroinflammation and blood retinal barrier permeability. In this article, we describe the current state of caveolin/caveolae research in the context of ocular function and pathophysiology. Finally, we discuss new evidence showing that retinal Cav1 exists and functions outside caveolae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Enyong
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jami M Gurley
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael L De Ieso
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - W Daniel Stamer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael H Elliott
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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25
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Caveolin-1 is a primary determinant of endothelial stiffening associated with dyslipidemia, disturbed flow, and ageing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17822. [PMID: 36280774 PMCID: PMC9592578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial stiffness is emerging as a major determinant in endothelial function. Here, we analyzed the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in determining the stiffness of endothelial cells (EC) exposed to oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) under static and hemodynamic conditions in vitro and of aortic endothelium in vivo in mouse models of dyslipidemia and ageing. Elastic moduli of cultured ECs and of the endothelial monolayer of freshly isolated mouse aortas were measured using atomic force microscopy (AFM). We found that a loss of Cav-1 abrogates the uptake of oxLDL and oxLDL-induced endothelial stiffening, as well as endothelial stiffening induced by disturbed flow (DF), which was also oxLDL dependent. Mechanistically, Cav-1 is required for the expression of CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36) scavenger receptor. Genetic deletion of Cav-1 abrogated endothelial stiffening observed in the DF region of the aortic arch, and induced by a high fat diet (4-6 weeks) and significantly blunted endothelial stiffening that develops with advanced age. This effect was independent of stiffening of the sub-endothelium layer. Additionally, Cav-1 expression significantly increased with age. No differences in elastic modulus were observed between the sexes in advanced aged wild type and Cav-1 knockout mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates that Cav-1 plays a critical role in endothelial stiffening induced by oxLDL in vitro and by dyslipidemia, disturbed flow and ageing in vivo.
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26
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Ohi MD, Kenworthy AK. Emerging Insights into the Molecular Architecture of Caveolin-1. J Membr Biol 2022; 255:375-383. [PMID: 35972526 PMCID: PMC9588732 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Caveolins are an unusual family of membrane proteins whose primary biological function is to build small invaginated membrane structures at the surface of cells known as caveolae. Caveolins and caveolae regulate numerous signaling pathways, lipid homeostasis, intracellular transport, cell adhesion, and cell migration. They also serve as sensors and protect the plasma membrane from mechanical stress. Despite their many important functions, the molecular basis for how these 50-100 nm "little caves" are assembled and regulate cell physiology has perplexed researchers for 70 years. One major impediment to progress has been the lack of information about the structure of caveolin complexes that serve as building blocks for the assembly of caveolae. Excitingly, recent advances have finally begun to shed light on this long-standing question. In this review, we highlight new developments in our understanding of the structure of caveolin oligomers, including the landmark discovery of the molecular architecture of caveolin-1 complexes using cryo-electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Ohi
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Anne K Kenworthy
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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27
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Fliri AF, Kajiji S. Functional characterization of nutraceuticals using spectral clustering: Centrality of caveolae-mediated endocytosis for management of nitric oxide and vitamin D deficiencies and atherosclerosis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:885364. [PMID: 36046126 PMCID: PMC9421303 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.885364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized that redox imbalance, nitric oxide (NO), and vitamin D deficiencies increase risk of cardiovascular, metabolic, and infectious diseases. However, clinical studies assessing efficacy of NO and vitamin D supplementation have failed to produce unambiguous efficacy outcomes suggesting that the understanding of the pharmacologies involved is incomplete. This raises the need for using systems pharmacology tools to better understand cause-effect relationships at biological systems levels. We describe the use of spectral clustering methodology to analyze protein network interactions affected by a complex nutraceutical, Cardio Miracle (CM), that contains arginine, citrulline, vitamin D, and antioxidants. This examination revealed that interactions between protein networks affected by these substances modulate functions of a network of protein complexes regulating caveolae-mediated endocytosis (CME), TGF beta activity, vitamin D efficacy and host defense systems. Identification of this regulatory scheme and the working of embedded reciprocal feedback loops has significant implications for treatment of vitamin D deficiencies, atherosclerosis, metabolic and infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shama Kajiji
- Emergent System Analytics LLC, Clinton, CT, United States
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28
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Lannes-Costa PS, Pimentel BADS, Nagao PE. Role of Caveolin-1 in Sepsis – A Mini-Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:902907. [PMID: 35911737 PMCID: PMC9334647 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a generalized disease characterized by an extreme response to a severe infection. Moreover, challenges remain in the diagnosis, treatment and management of septic patients. In this mini-review we demonstrate developments on cellular pathogenesis and the role of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in sepsis. Studies have shown that Cav-1 has a significant role in sepsis through the regulation of membrane traffic and intracellular signaling pathways. In addition, activation of apoptosis/autophagy is considered relevant for the progression and development of sepsis. However, how Cav-1 is involved in sepsis remains unclear, and the precise mechanisms need to be further investigated. Finally, the role of Cav-1 in altering cell permeability during inflammation, in sepsis caused by microorganisms, apoptosis/autophagy activation and new therapies under study are discussed in this mini-review.
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29
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Nishimura T, Suetsugu S. Super-resolution analysis of PACSIN2 and EHD2 at caveolae. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271003. [PMID: 35834519 PMCID: PMC9282494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are plasma membrane invaginations that play important roles in both endocytosis and membrane tension buffering. Typical caveolae have invaginated structures with a high-density caveolin assembly. Membrane sculpting proteins, including PACSIN2 and EHD2, are involved in caveolar biogenesis. PACSIN2 is an F-BAR domain-containing protein with a membrane sculpting ability that is essential for caveolar shaping. EHD2 is also localized at caveolae and involved in their stability. However, the spatial relationship between PACSIN2, EHD2, and caveolin has not yet been investigated. We observed the single-molecule localizations of PACSIN2 and EHD2 relative to caveolin-1 in three-dimensional space. The single-molecule localizations were grouped by their proximity localizations into the geometric structures of blobs. In caveolin-1 blobs, PACSIN2, EHD2, and caveolin-1 had overlapped spatial localizations. Interestingly, the mean centroid of the PACSIN2 F-BAR domain at the caveolin-1 blobs was closer to the plasma membrane than those of EHD2 and caveolin-1, suggesting that PACSIN2 is involved in connecting caveolae to the plasma membrane. Most of the blobs with volumes typical of caveolae had PACSIN2 and EHD2, in contrast to those with smaller volumes. Therefore, PACSIN2 and EHD2 are apparently localized at typically sized caveolae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamako Nishimura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Shiro Suetsugu
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
- Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
- Center for Digital Green-innovation, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
- * E-mail:
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30
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Popov LD. Deciphering the relationship between caveolae-mediated intracellular transport and signalling events. Cell Signal 2022; 97:110399. [PMID: 35820545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The caveolae-mediated transport across polarized epithelial cell barriers has been largely deciphered in the last decades and is considered the second essential intracellular transfer mechanism, after the clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The basic cell biology knowledge was supplemented recently, with the molecular mechanisms beyond caveolae generation implying the key contribution of the lipid-binding proteins (the structural protein Caveolin and the adapter protein Cavin), along with the bulb coat stabilizing molecules PACSIN-2 and Eps15 homology domain protein-2. The current attention is focused also on caveolae architecture (such as the bulb coat, the neck, the membrane funnel inside the bulb, and the associated receptors), and their specific tasks during the intracellular transport of various cargoes. Here, we resume the present understanding of the assembly, detachment, and internalization of caveolae from the plasma membrane lipid raft domains, and give an updated view on transcytosis and endocytosis, the two itineraries of cargoes transport via caveolae. The review adds novel data on the signalling molecules regulating caveolae intracellular routes and on the transport dysregulation in diseases. The therapeutic possibilities offered by exploitation of Caveolin-1 expression and caveolae trafficking, and the urgent issues to be uncovered conclude the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia-Doina Popov
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania.
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31
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Andrade V, Bai J, Gupta-Rossi N, Jimenez AJ, Delevoye C, Lamaze C, Echard A. Caveolae promote successful abscission by controlling intercellular bridge tension during cytokinesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm5095. [PMID: 35417244 PMCID: PMC9007517 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
During cytokinesis, the intercellular bridge (ICB) connecting the daughter cells experiences pulling forces, which delay abscission by preventing the assembly of the ESCRT scission machinery. Abscission is thus triggered by tension release, but how ICB tension is controlled is unknown. Here, we report that caveolae, which are known to regulate membrane tension upon mechanical stress in interphase cells, are located at the midbody, at the abscission site, and at the ICB/cell interface in dividing cells. Functionally, the loss of caveolae delays ESCRT-III recruitment during cytokinesis and impairs abscission. This is the consequence of a twofold increase of ICB tension measured by laser ablation, associated with a local increase in myosin II activity at the ICB/cell interface. We thus propose that caveolae buffer membrane tension and limit contractibility at the ICB to promote ESCRT-III assembly and cytokinetic abscission. Together, this work reveals an unexpected connection between caveolae and the ESCRT machinery and the first role of caveolae in cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Andrade
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jian Bai
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Neetu Gupta-Rossi
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Ana Joaquina Jimenez
- Dynamics of Intracellular Organization Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Delevoye
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1143, CNRS UMR 3666, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
- Corresponding author.
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32
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Lachowski D, Matellan C, Gopal S, Cortes E, Robinson BK, Saiani A, Miller AF, Stevens MM, del Río Hernández AE. Substrate Stiffness-Driven Membrane Tension Modulates Vesicular Trafficking via Caveolin-1. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4322-4337. [PMID: 35255206 PMCID: PMC9007531 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis, a condition characterized by extensive deposition and cross-linking of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, is idiosyncratic in cases of chronic liver injury. The dysregulation of ECM remodeling by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the main mediators of fibrosis, results in an elevated ECM stiffness that drives the development of chronic liver disease such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is a key element in the regulation of ECM remodeling, which modulates the degradation and turnover of ECM components. We have previously reported that a rigid, fibrotic-like substrate can impact TIMP-1 expression at the protein level in HSCs without altering its mRNA expression. While HSCs are known to be highly susceptible to mechanical stimuli, the mechanisms through which mechanical cues regulate TIMP-1 at the post-translational level remain unclear. Here, we show a mechanism of regulation of plasma membrane tension by matrix stiffness. We found that this effect is orchestrated by the β1 integrin/RhoA axis and results in elevated exocytosis and secretion of TIMP-1 in a caveolin-1- and dynamin-2-dependent manner. We then show that TIMP-1 and caveolin-1 expression increases in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These conditions are associated with fibrosis, and this effect can be recapitulated in 3D fibrosis models consisting of hepatic stellate cells encapsulated in a self-assembling polypeptide hydrogel. This work positions stiffness-dependent membrane tension as a key regulator of enzyme secretion and function and a potential target for therapeutic strategies that aim at modulating ECM remodeling in chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Lachowski
- Cellular
and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Manchester
BIOGEL, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Matellan
- Cellular
and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sahana Gopal
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ernesto Cortes
- Cellular
and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin K. Robinson
- Cellular
and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Saiani
- Department
of Materials and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of
Science and Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Manchester
BIOGEL, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Aline F. Miller
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Manchester
BIOGEL, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Armando E. del Río Hernández
- Cellular
and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Echarri A. A Multisensory Network Drives Nuclear Mechanoadaptation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030404. [PMID: 35327596 PMCID: PMC8945967 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells have adapted to mechanical forces early in evolution and have developed multiple mechanisms ensuring sensing of, and adaptation to, the diversity of forces operating outside and within organisms. The nucleus must necessarily adapt to all types of mechanical signals, as its functions are essential for virtually all cell processes, many of which are tuned by mechanical cues. To sense forces, the nucleus is physically connected with the cytoskeleton, which senses and transmits forces generated outside and inside the cell. The nuclear LINC complex bridges the cytoskeleton and the nuclear lamina to transmit mechanical information up to the chromatin. This system creates a force-sensing macromolecular complex that, however, is not sufficient to regulate all nuclear mechanoadaptation processes. Within the nucleus, additional mechanosensitive structures, including the nuclear envelope and the nuclear pore complex, function to regulate nuclear mechanoadaptation. Similarly, extra nuclear mechanosensitive systems based on plasma membrane dynamics, mechanotransduce information to the nucleus. Thus, the nucleus has the intrinsic structural components needed to receive and interpret mechanical inputs, but also rely on extra nuclear mechano-sensors that activate nuclear regulators in response to force. Thus, a network of mechanosensitive cell structures ensures that the nucleus has a tunable response to mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Echarri
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Areas of Cell & Developmental Biology, Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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34
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Lipids in Pathophysiology and Development of the Membrane Lipid Therapy: New Bioactive Lipids. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120919. [PMID: 34940418 PMCID: PMC8708953 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Membranes are mainly composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins, constituting a checkpoint for the entry and passage of signals and other molecules. Their composition can be modulated by diet, pathophysiological processes, and nutritional/pharmaceutical interventions. In addition to their use as an energy source, lipids have important structural and functional roles, e.g., fatty acyl moieties in phospholipids have distinct impacts on human health depending on their saturation, carbon length, and isometry. These and other membrane lipids have quite specific effects on the lipid bilayer structure, which regulates the interaction with signaling proteins. Alterations to lipids have been associated with important diseases, and, consequently, normalization of these alterations or regulatory interventions that control membrane lipid composition have therapeutic potential. This approach, termed membrane lipid therapy or membrane lipid replacement, has emerged as a novel technology platform for nutraceutical interventions and drug discovery. Several clinical trials and therapeutic products have validated this technology based on the understanding of membrane structure and function. The present review analyzes the molecular basis of this innovative approach, describing how membrane lipid composition and structure affects protein-lipid interactions, cell signaling, disease, and therapy (e.g., fatigue and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, tumor, infectious diseases).
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35
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Shi X, Tang D, Xing Y, Zhao S, Fan C, Zhong J, Cui Y, Shi K, Jiu Y. Actin nucleator formins regulate the tension-buffering function of caveolin-1. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:876-888. [PMID: 34718633 PMCID: PMC8800513 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the mechanosensitive actin cytoskeleton and caveolae contribute to active processes such as cell migration, morphogenesis, and vesicular trafficking. Although distinct actin components are well studied, how they contribute to cytoplasmic caveolae, especially in the context of mechano-stress, has remained elusive. Here, we identify two actin-associated mobility stereotypes of caveolin-1 (CAV-1)-marked intracellular vesicles, which are characterized as ‘dwelling’ and ‘go and dwelling’. In order to exploit the reason for their distinct dynamics, elongated actin-associated formin functions are perturbed. We find drastically decreased density, increased clustering, and compromised motility of cytoplasmic CAV-1 vesicles resulting from lacking actin nucleator formins by both chemical treatment and RNA silencing of formin genes. Furthermore, hypo-osmosis-stimulated diminishing of CAV-1 is dramatically intensified upon blocking formins. The clustering of CAV-1 vesicles when cells are cultured on soft substrate is also aggravated under formin inhibition condition. Together, we reveal that actin-associated formins are essential for maintaining the dynamic organization of cytoplasmic CAV-1 and importantly its sensitivity upon mechanical challenge. We conclude that tension-controlled actin formins act as a safety valve dampening excessive tension on CAV-1 and safeguarding CAV-1 against mechanical damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Shi
- The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, a. Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 and b. Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Daijiao Tang
- Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yifan Xing
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China.,Unit of Viral Hepatitis, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, a. Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 and b. Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Changyuan Fan
- Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jin Zhong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China.,Unit of Viral Hepatitis, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Yanqin Cui
- The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, a. Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 and b. Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Kun Shi
- The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, a. Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 and b. Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Yaming Jiu
- The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, a. Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 and b. Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.,Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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36
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Kong W, Wang S. Reconstitution of Caveolin-1 into Artificial Lipid Membrane: Characterization by Transmission Electron Microscopy and Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206201. [PMID: 34684779 PMCID: PMC8539922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1), a membrane protein that is necessary for the formation and maintenance of caveolae, is a promising drug target for the therapy of various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and liver fibrosis. The biology and pathology of caveolae have been widely investigated; however, very little information about the structural features of full-length CAV1 is available, as well as its biophysical role in reshaping the cellular membrane. Here, we established a method, with high reliability and reproducibility, for the expression and purification of CAV1. Amyloid-like properties of CAV1 and its C-terminal peptide CAV1(168-178) suggest a structural basis for the short linear CAV1 assemblies that have been recently observed in caveolin polyhedral cages in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Reconstitution of CAV1 into artificial lipid membranes induces a caveolae-like membrane curvature. Structural characterization of CAV1 in the membrane by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) indicate that it is largely α-helical, with very little β-sheet content. Its scaffolding domain adopts a α-helical structure as identified by chemical shift analysis of threonine (Thr). Taken together, an in vitro model was developed for the CAV1 structural study, which will further provide meaningful evidences for the design and screening of bioactive compounds targeting CAV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Wenru Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Shuqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0531-88382014
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37
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Blandin CE, Gravez BJ, Hatem SN, Balse E. Remodeling of Ion Channel Trafficking and Cardiac Arrhythmias. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092417. [PMID: 34572065 PMCID: PMC8468138 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Both inherited and acquired cardiac arrhythmias are often associated with the abnormal functional expression of ion channels at the cellular level. The complex machinery that continuously traffics, anchors, organizes, and recycles ion channels at the plasma membrane of a cardiomyocyte appears to be a major source of channel dysfunction during cardiac arrhythmias. This has been well established with the discovery of mutations in the genes encoding several ion channels and ion channel partners during inherited cardiac arrhythmias. Fibrosis, altered myocyte contacts, and post-transcriptional protein changes are common factors that disorganize normal channel trafficking during acquired cardiac arrhythmias. Channel availability, described notably for hERG and KV1.5 channels, could be another potent arrhythmogenic mechanism. From this molecular knowledge on cardiac arrhythmias will emerge novel antiarrhythmic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille E. Blandin
- INSERM, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, le Métabolisme et la Nutrition—UNITE 1166, Sorbonne Université, EQUIPE 3, F-75013 Paris, France; (C.E.B.); (B.J.G.); (S.N.H.)
| | - Basile J. Gravez
- INSERM, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, le Métabolisme et la Nutrition—UNITE 1166, Sorbonne Université, EQUIPE 3, F-75013 Paris, France; (C.E.B.); (B.J.G.); (S.N.H.)
| | - Stéphane N. Hatem
- INSERM, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, le Métabolisme et la Nutrition—UNITE 1166, Sorbonne Université, EQUIPE 3, F-75013 Paris, France; (C.E.B.); (B.J.G.); (S.N.H.)
- ICAN—Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Cardiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Elise Balse
- INSERM, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, le Métabolisme et la Nutrition—UNITE 1166, Sorbonne Université, EQUIPE 3, F-75013 Paris, France; (C.E.B.); (B.J.G.); (S.N.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Shin EY, Soung NK, Schwartz MA, Kim EG. Altered endocytosis in cellular senescence. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 68:101332. [PMID: 33753287 PMCID: PMC8131247 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence occurs in response to diverse stresses (e.g., telomere shortening, DNA damage, oxidative stress, oncogene activation). A growing body of evidence indicates that alterations in multiple components of endocytic pathways contribute to cellular senescence. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and caveolae-mediated endocytosis (CavME) represent major types of endocytosis that are implicated in senescence. More recent research has also identified a chromatin modifier and tumor suppressor that contributes to the induction of senescence via altered endocytosis. Here, molecular regulators of aberrant endocytosis-induced senescence are reviewed and discussed in the context of their capacity to serve as senescence-inducing stressors or modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Nak-Kyun Soung
- World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang-eup, Cheongju, 28116, South Korea
| | - Martin Alexander Schwartz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, And Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.
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Lasunción MA, Martínez-Botas J, Martín-Sánchez C, Busto R, Gómez-Coronado D. Cell cycle dependence on the mevalonate pathway: Role of cholesterol and non-sterol isoprenoids. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 196:114623. [PMID: 34052188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mevalonate pathway is responsible for the synthesis of isoprenoids, including sterols and other metabolites that are essential for diverse biological functions. Cholesterol, the main sterol in mammals, and non-sterol isoprenoids are in high demand by rapidly dividing cells. As evidence of its importance, many cell signaling pathways converge on the mevalonate pathway and these include those involved in proliferation, tumor-promotion, and tumor-suppression. As well as being a fundamental building block of cell membranes, cholesterol plays a key role in maintaining their lipid organization and biophysical properties, and it is crucial for the function of proteins located in the plasma membrane. Importantly, cholesterol and other mevalonate derivatives are essential for cell cycle progression, and their deficiency blocks different steps in the cycle. Furthermore, the accumulation of non-isoprenoid mevalonate derivatives can cause DNA replication stress. Identification of the mechanisms underlying the effects of cholesterol and other mevalonate derivatives on cell cycle progression may be useful in the search for new inhibitors, or the repurposing of preexisting cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors to target cancer cell division. In this review, we discuss the dependence of cell division on an active mevalonate pathway and the role of different mevalonate derivatives in cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Lasunción
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRyCIS, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
| | - Javier Martínez-Botas
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRyCIS, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Covadonga Martín-Sánchez
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRyCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Busto
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRyCIS, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Diego Gómez-Coronado
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRyCIS, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
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40
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The Protein Toxins Ricin and Shiga Toxin as Tools to Explore Cellular Mechanisms of Internalization and Intracellular Transport. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060377. [PMID: 34070659 PMCID: PMC8227415 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein toxins secreted by bacteria and found in plants can be threats to human health. However, their extreme toxicity can also be exploited in different ways, e.g., to produce hybrid toxins directed against cancer cells and to study transport mechanisms in cells. Investigations during the last decades have shown how powerful these molecules are as tools in cell biological research. Here, we first present a partly historical overview, with emphasis on Shiga toxin and ricin, of how such toxins have been used to characterize processes and proteins of importance for their trafficking. In the second half of the article, we describe how one can now use toxins to investigate the role of lipid classes for intracellular transport. In recent years, it has become possible to quantify hundreds of lipid species using mass spectrometry analysis. Thus, it is also now possible to explore the importance of lipid species in intracellular transport. The detailed analyses of changes in lipids seen under conditions of inhibited toxin transport reveal previously unknown connections between syntheses of lipid classes and demonstrate the ability of cells to compensate under given conditions.
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Qi H, Liu Y, Wang N, Xiao C. Lentinan Attenuated the PM2.5 Exposure-Induced Inflammatory Response, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Migration by Inhibiting the PVT1/miR-199a-5p/caveolin1 Pathway in Lung Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:683-693. [PMID: 33902331 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PM2.5 plays an important role in the physiological and pathological progression of lung cancer. Lentinan exerts antitumor activity in many kinds of human cancers. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) exerts antitumor activity in many kinds of human cancers. However, the role and underlying molecular mechanism of PVT1 in the role of lentinan in PM2.5-exposed lung cancer are still largely unknown. Our study confirmed that PM2.5 exposure induced the production of inflammatory factors, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of lung cancer cells. Lentinan exerted antitumor effects by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors, EMT, and migration of lung cancer cells. Lentinan suppressed PM2.5 exposure-induced cellular progression by inhibiting the PM2.5 exposure-induced elevation of PVT1 expression. PVT1 absorbed miR-199a, and miR-199a inhibited caveolin1 expression and thus formed the PVT1/miR-199a/caveolin1 signaling pathway in lung cancer cells. Our study revealed that silencing of the PVT1/miR-199a/caveolin1 signaling pathway affected the role of lentinan in PM2.5-exposed lung cancer cells. Thus, this study first investigated the role of lentinan in PM2.5-exposed lung cancer cells and further displayed the underlying molecular mechanism, providing a potential treatment for PM2.5-exposed lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Qi
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Technology, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Medical Technology, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Lab of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Xiao
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Key Lab of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Ernest James Phillips T, Maguire E. Phosphoinositides: Roles in the Development of Microglial-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:652593. [PMID: 33841102 PMCID: PMC8032904 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.652593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are increasingly recognized as vital players in the pathology of a variety of neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) disease. While microglia have a protective role in the brain, their dysfunction can lead to neuroinflammation and contributes to disease progression. Also, a growing body of literature highlights the seven phosphoinositides, or PIPs, as key players in the regulation of microglial-mediated neuroinflammation. These small signaling lipids are phosphorylated derivates of phosphatidylinositol, are enriched in the brain, and have well-established roles in both homeostasis and disease.Disrupted PIP levels and signaling has been detected in a variety of dementias. Moreover, many known AD disease modifiers identified via genetic studies are expressed in microglia and are involved in phospholipid metabolism. One of these, the enzyme PLCγ2 that hydrolyzes the PIP species PI(4,5)P2, displays altered expression in AD and PD and is currently being investigated as a potential therapeutic target.Perhaps unsurprisingly, neurodegenerative conditions exhibiting PIP dyshomeostasis also tend to show alterations in aspects of microglial function regulated by these lipids. In particular, phosphoinositides regulate the activities of proteins and enzymes required for endocytosis, toll-like receptor signaling, purinergic signaling, chemotaxis, and migration, all of which are affected in a variety of neurodegenerative conditions. These functions are crucial to allow microglia to adequately survey the brain and respond appropriately to invading pathogens and other abnormalities, including misfolded proteins. AD and PD therapies are being developed to target many of the above pathways, and although not yet investigated, simultaneous PIP manipulation might enhance the beneficial effects observed. Currently, only limited therapeutics are available for dementia, and although these show some benefits for symptom severity and progression, they are far from curative. Given the importance of microglia and PIPs in dementia development, this review summarizes current research and asks whether we can exploit this information to design more targeted, or perhaps combined, dementia therapeutics. More work is needed to fully characterize the pathways discussed in this review, but given the strength of the current literature, insights in this area could be invaluable for the future of neurodegenerative disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Maguire
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Matthaeus C, Taraska JW. Energy and Dynamics of Caveolae Trafficking. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:614472. [PMID: 33692993 PMCID: PMC7939723 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.614472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are 70–100 nm diameter plasma membrane invaginations found in abundance in adipocytes, endothelial cells, myocytes, and fibroblasts. Their bulb-shaped membrane domain is characterized and formed by specific lipid binding proteins including Caveolins, Cavins, Pacsin2, and EHD2. Likewise, an enrichment of cholesterol and other lipids makes caveolae a distinct membrane environment that supports proteins involved in cell-type specific signaling pathways. Their ability to detach from the plasma membrane and move through the cytosol has been shown to be important for lipid trafficking and metabolism. Here, we review recent concepts in caveolae trafficking and dynamics. Second, we discuss how ATP and GTP-regulated proteins including dynamin and EHD2 control caveolae behavior. Throughout, we summarize the potential physiological and cell biological roles of caveolae internalization and trafficking and highlight open questions in the field and future directions for study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Matthaeus
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Justin W Taraska
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Coulombe PA, Lappalainen P. Editorial: Architectural cell elements as multimodal sensors, transducers, and actuators. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 68:iii-v. [PMID: 33419601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre A Coulombe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Pekka Lappalainen
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Biocenter 2, room 2016, Viikinkaari 5D, 00790 Helsinki, Finland.
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