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Amaya-Rivas JL, Perero BS, Helguero CG, Hurel JL, Peralta JM, Flores FA, Alvarado JD. Future trends of additive manufacturing in medical applications: An overview. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26641. [PMID: 38444512 PMCID: PMC10912264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM) has recently demonstrated significant medical progress. Due to advancements in materials and methodologies, various processes have been developed to cater to the medical sector's requirements, including bioprinting and 4D, 5D, and 6D printing. However, only a few studies have captured these emerging trends and their medical applications. Therefore, this overview presents an analysis of the advancements and achievements obtained in AM for the medical industry, focusing on the principal trends identified in the annual report of AM3DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Amaya-Rivas
- Advanced Manufacturing and Prototyping Laboratory (CAMPRO), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Bryan S. Perero
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Carlos G. Helguero
- Advanced Manufacturing and Prototyping Laboratory (CAMPRO), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Jorge L. Hurel
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Juan M. Peralta
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Francisca A. Flores
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics (FCNM), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - José D. Alvarado
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Wang S, Lin J, Jin H, Yang Y, Huang G, Wang J. Photopolymerization-Based Three-Dimensional Ceramic Printing Technology. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2024; 11:406-414. [PMID: 38389671 PMCID: PMC10880656 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Ceramics have many applications in mechanics, electronics, aerospace, and biomedicine because of their high mechanical strength, high-temperature resistance, and excellent chemical stability. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a fast, efficient, and intelligent technology that has revolutionized the manufacturing of complex structural parts. Among many ceramic 3D printing technologies, photopolymerization-based 3D printing techniques print out molded ceramic components with high molding accuracy and surface finish and have received widespread attention. This article reviews the current research status and problems experienced by three mainstream ceramic photocuring technologies, namely stereoscopic, digital light processing, and two-photon polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, Department of Material Forming and Control Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, Department of Material Forming and Control Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Flight Vehicle Engineering, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yihang Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, Department of Material Forming and Control Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Guimei Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, Department of Material Forming and Control Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinhuo Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, Department of Material Forming and Control Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
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Rajendran S, Palani G, Kanakaraj A, Shanmugam V, Veerasimman A, Gądek S, Korniejenko K, Marimuthu U. Metal and Polymer Based Composites Manufactured Using Additive Manufacturing-A Brief Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112564. [PMID: 37299364 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the mechanical performance of metal- and polymer-based composites fabricated using additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. Composite materials have significantly influenced various industries due to their exceptional reliability and effectiveness. As technology advances, new types of composite reinforcements, such as novel chemical-based and bio-based, and new fabrication techniques are utilized to develop high-performance composite materials. AM, a widely popular concept poised to shape the development of Industry 4.0, is also being utilized in the production of composite materials. Comparing AM-based manufacturing processes to traditional methods reveals significant variations in the performance of the resulting composites. The primary objective of this review is to offer a comprehensive understanding of metal- and polymer-based composites and their applications in diverse fields. Further on this review delves into the intricate details of metal- and polymer-based composites, shedding light on their mechanical performance and exploring the various industries and sectors where they find utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundarakannan Rajendran
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Geetha Palani
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Arunprasath Kanakaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli 627152, India
| | - Vigneshwaran Shanmugam
- Instituteof Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Arumugaprabu Veerasimman
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, India
| | - Szymon Gądek
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Al. Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Korniejenko
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Al. Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Kraków, Poland
| | - Uthayakumar Marimuthu
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, India
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Ngomi N, Khayeka-Wandabwa C, Egondi T, Marinda PA, Haregu TN. Determinants of inequality in health care seeking for childhood illnesses: insights from Nairobi informal settlements. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Javaid M, Haleem A, Singh RP, Suman R. 3D printing applications for healthcare research and development. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Medibew TM, Ali AN. Analysis and optimization of FFF process parameters to enhance the mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA products. INT POLYM PROC 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ipp-2022-4237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this work, the combined effects of fused filament fabrication (FFF) process parameters on the mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA products have been determined by focusing on the tensile strength at R
2 (97.29%). ASTM D638 test standard is used for the preparation of specimens for tensile tests. The optimization technique has been used to determine the optimal combinations of FFF process parameters for the validation of experimental tensile tests and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. From the results obtained the optimum cooling fan speed of 79.3%, extrusion temperature of 214.4 °C, printing speed of 75.9 mm/s, raster width of 0.4814 mm, and shell number 5 were determined with a 2.266% error of the tensile strength (45.06 MPa). SEM morphology examination shows that the fabricated part cooled at 80% cooling fan speed illustrates good inter-layer bond strength which is also confirmed by CFD temperature distributions analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Mengesha Medibew
- Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology , Bahir Dar University , P.O. Box 26 , Bahir Dar , Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Negash Ali
- Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology , Bahir Dar University , P.O. Box 26 , Bahir Dar , Ethiopia
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Loewner S, Heene S, Baroth T, Heymann H, Cholewa F, Blume H, Blume C. Recent advances in melt electro writing for tissue engineering for 3D printing of microporous scaffolds for tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:896719. [PMID: 36061443 PMCID: PMC9428513 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.896719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melt electro writing (MEW) is a high-resolution 3D printing technique that combines elements of electro-hydrodynamic fiber attraction and melts extrusion. The ability to precisely deposit micro- to nanometer strands of biocompatible polymers in a layer-by-layer fashion makes MEW a promising scaffold fabrication method for all kinds of tissue engineering applications. This review describes possibilities to optimize multi-parametric MEW processes for precise fiber deposition over multiple layers and prevent printing defects. Printing protocols for nonlinear scaffolds structures, concrete MEW scaffold pore geometries and printable biocompatible materials for MEW are introduced. The review discusses approaches to combining MEW with other fabrication techniques with the purpose to generate advanced scaffolds structures. The outlined MEW printer modifications enable customizable collector shapes or sacrificial materials for non-planar fiber deposition and nozzle adjustments allow redesigned fiber properties for specific applications. Altogether, MEW opens a new chapter of scaffold design by 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Loewner
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sebastian Loewner,
| | - Sebastian Heene
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Timo Baroth
- Institute of Microelectronic Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henrik Heymann
- Institute of Microelectronic Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabian Cholewa
- Institute of Microelectronic Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Blume
- Institute of Microelectronic Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cornelia Blume
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Al-Takhayneh O, Warren H, in het Panhuis M. 3D printing of surgical staples. MRS ADVANCES 2022; 7:489-494. [PMID: 35615444 PMCID: PMC9122078 DOI: 10.1557/s43580-022-00287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, CAD design and additive manufacturing (3D printing) are used to fabricate surgical staples. The staples were analysed on their mechanical robustness according to ASTM standard F564-17 which involved the in-house design, prototyping and fabrication (using 3D printing) of specialized grips and extension blocks. Our results indicated that staples 3D printed using carbon fibre reinforced nylon 6 (CF-PA6) exhibited a strength value of 37 ± 3 MPa coupled with an implantation-suitable ductility value of 26 ± 4%. The mechanical robustness of CF-PA6 staples subjected to immersion in simulated body fluid resulted in a reduction in stiffness and strength of 40% and 70% over 5 weeks, respectively. The carbon fibre nylon composite staples were able to handle a load of 15 kg and 5 kg prior and following immersion in simulated body fluid, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Al-Takhayneh
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Holly Warren
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Marc in het Panhuis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
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Li Y, Cui CB, Li YZ, Tan DW, Jia XW, Liu SH, Feng HP, Feng CN. Biodegradable Biomaterial Arterial Stent in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:288-292. [PMID: 35180923 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the clinical application value of two materials, drug-eluting stent, and biodegradable stent, in the treatment of coronary heart disease. The results show that the therapeutic effects of drug-eluting stents and biodegradable stents are similar. Both treatment methods have high safety and effectiveness. The ideal coronary artery stent should have good biocompatibility, safety, and possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Chun-Bian Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Ya-Zhuo Li
- Department of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Da-Wei Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Xin-Wei Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Sheng-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Hui-Ping Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Cui-Na Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
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Qavi I, Tan GZ. Near-field electrospinning polycaprolactone microfibers to mimic arteriole-capillary-venule structure. Prog Biomater 2021; 10:223-233. [PMID: 34553343 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-021-00165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to create three-dimensional (3D) cell-incorporated constructs for tissue engineering has progressed tremendously. One of the major challenges that limit the clinical applications of tissue engineering is the inability to form sufficient vascularization of capillary vessels in the 3D constructs. The lack of a functional capillary network for supplying nutrients and oxygen leads to poor cell viability. This paper presents the near-field electrospinning (ES) technique to fabricate a branched microfiber structure that mimics the morphology of capillaries. Polycaprolactone solution was electrospun onto a sloped collector that resulted in morphological and geometric variation of the fibers. With proper control over the solution viscosity and the electrospinning voltage, a single fiber was scattered into a branched fiber network and then converged back to a single fiber on the collector. The obtained fibers have a diameter of less than 100 microns at the two ends with coiled and branched fibers of less than 10 microns that mimics the arteriole-capillary-venule structure. The formation of such a structure in the near-field ES strongly depends on the solution viscosity. Low viscosity solutions form beads and discontinuous lines thus cannot be used to achieve the desired structure. The branching of PCL fiber occurs due to an electrohydrodynamic instability. The transition from the straight large fiber to smaller coiled/branched fibers is not instantaneous and stretches over a horizontal region of 1.5 cm. The current work shows the feasibility of electrospinning the stem-branch-stem fibrous structure by adopting a valley-shaped collector with potentials for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Qavi
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
| | - George Z Tan
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA.
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Zheng F, Xiao Y, Liu H, Fan Y, Dao M. Patient-Specific Organoid and Organ-on-a-Chip: 3D Cell-Culture Meets 3D Printing and Numerical Simulation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000024. [PMID: 33856745 PMCID: PMC8243895 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed diversified in vitro models to recapitulate the architecture and function of living organs or tissues and contribute immensely to advances in life science. Two novel 3D cell culture models: 1) Organoid, promoted mainly by the developments of stem cell biology and 2) Organ-on-a-chip, enhanced primarily due to microfluidic technology, have emerged as two promising approaches to advance the understanding of basic biological principles and clinical treatments. This review describes the comparable distinct differences between these two models and provides more insights into their complementarity and integration to recognize their merits and limitations for applicable fields. The convergence of the two approaches to produce multi-organoid-on-a-chip or human organoid-on-a-chip is emerging as a new approach for building 3D models with higher physiological relevance. Furthermore, rapid advancements in 3D printing and numerical simulations, which facilitate the design, manufacture, and results-translation of 3D cell culture models, can also serve as novel tools to promote the development and propagation of organoid and organ-on-a-chip systems. Current technological challenges and limitations, as well as expert recommendations and future solutions to address the promising combinations by incorporating organoids, organ-on-a-chip, 3D printing, and numerical simulation, are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuminghao Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Dao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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Corona-Castuera J, Rodriguez-Delgado D, Henao J, Castro-Sandoval JC, Poblano-Salas CA. Design and Fabrication of a Customized Partial Hip Prosthesis Employing CT-Scan Data and Lattice Porous Structures. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:6902-6913. [PMID: 33748604 PMCID: PMC7970571 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As a larger elderly human population is expected worldwide in the next 30 years, the occurrence of aging-associated illnesses will also be increased. The use of prosthetic devices by this population is currently important and will be even more dramatic in the near future. Hence, the design of prosthetic devices able to reduce some of the problems associated with the use of current components, such as stress shielding, reduced mobility, infection, discomfort, etc., becomes relevant. The use of additive manufacturing (AM) and the design fabrication of self-supported cellular structures in the biomedical area have opened up important opportunities for controlling the physical and mechanical properties of hip implants, resulting in specific benefits for the patients. Different studies have reported the development of hip prosthetic designs employing AM, although there are still opportunities for improvement when it comes to customized design and tuning of the physical and mechanical properties of such implants. This work shows the design and manufacture by AM of a personalized stainless-steel partial hip implant using tomography data and self-supported triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) cell structures; the design considers dimensional criteria established by international standards. By employing tomography data, the external dimensions of the implant were established and the bone density of a specific patient was calculated; the density and mechanical properties in compression of the implant were modulated by employing an internal gyroid-type cell structure. Using such a cell structure, the patient's bone density was emulated; also, the mechanical properties of the implant were fine-tuned in order to make them comparable to those reported for the bone tissue replaced by the prosthesis. The implant design and manufacturing methodology developed in this work considered the clinical condition of a specific patient and can be reproduced and adjusted for different types of bone tissue qualities for specific clinical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Corona-Castuera
- CIATEQ
A.C., Av. Manantiales
23-A, Parque Industrial Bernardo Quintana, El Marqués, Querétaro 76246, Mexico
| | - Daniela Rodriguez-Delgado
- CIATEQ
A.C., Av. Manantiales
23-A, Parque Industrial Bernardo Quintana, El Marqués, Querétaro 76246, Mexico
| | - John Henao
- CONACyT-CIATEQ
A.C., Av. Manantiales
23-A, Parque Industrial Bernardo Quintana, El Marqués, Querétaro 76246, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos A. Poblano-Salas
- CIATEQ
A.C., Av. Manantiales
23-A, Parque Industrial Bernardo Quintana, El Marqués, Querétaro 76246, Mexico
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14
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García-Dominguez A, Claver J, Sebastián MA. Integration of Additive Manufacturing, Parametric Design, and Optimization of Parts Obtained by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). A Methodological Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12091993. [PMID: 32887281 PMCID: PMC7563465 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of current computer tools in both manufacturing and design stages breaks with the traditional conception of productive process, including successive stages of projection, representation, and manufacturing. Designs can be programmed as problems to be solved by using computational tools based on complex algorithms to optimize and produce more effective solutions. Additive manufacturing technologies enhance these possibilities by providing great geometric freedom to the materialization phase. This work presents a design methodology for the optimization of parts produced by additive manufacturing and explores the synergies between additive manufacturing, parametric design, and optimization processes to guide their integration into the proposed methodology. By using Grasshopper, a visual programming application, a continuous data flow for parts optimization is defined. Parametric design tools support the structural optimization of the general geometry, the infill, and the shell structure to obtain lightweight designs. Thus, the final shapes are obtained as a result of the optimization process which starts from basic geometries, not from an initial design. The infill does not correspond to pre-established patterns, and its elements are sized in a non-uniform manner throughout the piece to respond to different local loads. Mass customization and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) systems represent contexts of special potential for this methodology.
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