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Sauvage E, Matta J, Dang CT, Fan J, Cruzado G, Cicoira F, Merle G. Electroconductive cardiac patch based on bioactive PEDOT:PSS hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1817-1826. [PMID: 38689450 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Engineering cardiac implants for treating myocardial infarction (MI) has advanced, but challenges persist in mimicking the structural properties and variability of cardiac tissues using traditional bioconstructs and conventional engineering methods. This study introduces a synthetic patch with a bioactive surface designed to swiftly restore functionality to the damaged myocardium. The patch combines a composite, soft, and conductive hydrogel-based on (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene-sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). This cardiac patch exhibits a reasonably high electrical conductivity (40 S/cm) and a stretchability up to 50% of its original length. Our findings reveal its resilience to 10% cyclic stretching at 1 Hz with no loss of conductivity over time. To mediate a strong cell-scaffold adhesion, we biofunctionalize the hydrogel with a N-cadherin mimic peptide, providing the cardiac patch with a bioactive surface. This modification promote increased adherence and proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFbs) while effectively mitigating the formation of bacterial biofilm, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, a common pathogen responsible for surgical site infections (SSIs). Our study demonstrates the successful development of a structurally validated cardiac patch possessing the desired mechanical, electrical, and biofunctional attributes for effective cardiac recovery. Consequently, this research holds significant promise in alleviating the burden imposed by myocardial infarctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Sauvage
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Justin Matta
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cat-Thy Dang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jiaxin Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Graziele Cruzado
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fabio Cicoira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Géraldine Merle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Kitasato L, Yamaoka-Tojo M, Suzuki M, Nakahara S, Iwaya T, Ogiso S, Murayama Y, Hashikata T, Misawa N, Kawashima R, Oikawa J, Nakamura M, Tokui Y, Naraba J, Nishii M, Kitasato H, Ako J. Fibroblasts activation by embryonic signal switching: A novel mechanism of placental growth factor-induced cardiac remodeling. Placenta 2024; 154:129-136. [PMID: 38971073 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac remodeling is defined as cellular interstitial changes that lead dysfunction of the heart after injury. Placental growth factor (PlGF), a member of the VEGF family, has been reported to regulate cardiac hypertrophy in hemodynamic state. We therefore analyze the function of PlGF during cardiac remodeling using cardiac cells and fibroblasts, under Angiotensin II (AngII) stimulation. METHODS PlGF overexpressed mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from C57BL/6 mice, were made by deficient retrovirus vector, designated as C57/PlGF. Only retrovirus vector introduced C57 cells (C57/EV) were used as control. After AngII stimulation, wound scratching assay and MTT proliferation assay with or without p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB205580 were performed in retrovirally-introduced C57 cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, NF-kB activation, IL-6 and TNF-α production were also measured. Then we assessed AngII-induced cell proliferation of mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and rat primary cardiomyocytes incubating with C57/PlGF conditioned-medium. RESULTS The PlGF production in C57/PlGF were confirmed by ELISA (1093.48 ± 3.5 pg/ml, ±SE). AngII-induced cell migration, proliferation and H2O2 production were increased in C57/PlGF compared with C57/EV. SB205580 inhibited the AngII-induced cell proliferation in C57/PlGF. In C57/PlGF cells, NF-kB activation was higher, followed by up-regulation of IL-6 and TNF-α production. CFs and cardiomyocytes proliferation increased when stimulated with C57/PlGF conditioned-medium. DISCUSSION The activation of fibroblast is stimulated by PlGF signaling via p38 MAPK/NF-kB pathway accompanied by elevation of ROS and inflammatory response. Furthermore, these signals stimulate the activation of CFs and cardiomyocytes, indicating that high circulating level of PlGF have a potential to regulate cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kitasato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan.
| | - Minako Yamaoka-Tojo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Machika Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Shohei Nakahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Iwaya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Sho Ogiso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Yusuke Murayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Takehiro Hashikata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Nonoka Misawa
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Rei Kawashima
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Jun Oikawa
- Department of Kitasato Clinical Research Center, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
| | - Yumi Tokui
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan; Department Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Jun Naraba
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan; Department Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Nishii
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hidero Kitasato
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan; Department Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan; Shibasaburo Kitasato Memorial Museum, 3199 Kitazato, Oguni, Aso, Kumamoto, 869-2505, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374 Japan
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Shi Y, Tian M, Zhao X, Tang L, Wang F, Wu H, Liao Q, Ren H, Fu W, Zheng S, Jose PA, Li L, Zeng C. α-Ketoglutarate promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration after myocardial infarction. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024:10.1038/s44161-024-00531-y. [PMID: 39223390 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The neonatal mammalian heart can regenerate following injury through cardiomyocyte proliferation but loses this potential by postnatal day 7. Stimulating adult cardiomyocytes to reenter the cell cycle remains unclear. Here we show that cardiomyocyte proliferation depends on its metabolic state. Given the connection between the tricarboxylic acid cycle and cell proliferation, we analyzed these metabolites in mouse hearts from postnatal day 0.5 to day 7 and found that α-ketoglutarate ranked highest among the decreased metabolites. Injection of α-ketoglutarate extended the window of cardiomyocyte proliferation during heart development and promoted heart regeneration after myocardial infarction by inducing adult cardiomyocyte proliferation. This was confirmed in Ogdh-siRNA-treated mice with increased α-ketoglutarate levels. Mechanistically, α-ketoglutarate decreases H3K27me3 deposition at the promoters of cell cycle genes in cardiomyocytes. Thus, α-ketoglutarate promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation through JMJD3-dependent demethylation, offering a potential approach for treating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Miao Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Luxun Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology-Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Liangpeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qunming Medical University, Qunming, P. R. China.
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4
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Li H, Wang DW, Chen C. Insights into the post-translational modifications in heart failure. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102467. [PMID: 39187021 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF), as the terminal manifestation of multiple cardiovascular diseases, causes a huge socioeconomic burden worldwide. Despite the advances in drugs and medical-assisted devices, the prognosis of HF remains poor. HF is well-accepted as a myriad of subcellular dys-synchrony related to detrimental structural and functional remodelling of cardiac components, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and macrophages. Through the covalent chemical process, post-translational modifications (PTMs) can coordinate protein functions, such as re-localizing cellular proteins, marking proteins for degradation, inducing interactions with other proteins and tuning enzyme activities, to participate in the progress of HF. Phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination predominate in the currently reported PTMs. In addition, advanced HF is commonly accompanied by metabolic remodelling including enhanced glycolysis. Thus, glycosylation induced by disturbed energy supply is also important. In this review, firstly, we addressed the main types of HF. Then, considering that PTMs are associated with subcellular locations, we summarized the leading regulation mechanisms in organelles of distinctive cell types of different types of HF, respectively. Subsequently, we outlined the aforementioned four PTMs of key proteins and signaling sites in HF. Finally, we discussed the perspectives of PTMs for potential therapeutic targets in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
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5
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Anwar I, Wang X, Pratt RE, Dzau VJ, Hodgkinson CP. The impact of aging on cardiac repair and regeneration. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107682. [PMID: 39159819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to neonates and lower organisms, the adult mammalian heart lacks any capacity to regenerate following injury. The vast majority of our understanding of cardiac regeneration is based on research in young animals. Research in aged individuals is rare. This is unfortunate as aging induces many changes in the heart. The first part of this review covers the main technologies being pursued in the cardiac regeneration field and how they are impacted by the aging processes. The second part of the review covers the significant amount of aging-related research that could be used to aid cardiac regeneration. Finally, a perspective is provided to suggest how cardiac regenerative technologies can be improved by addressing aging-related effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Anwar
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xinghua Wang
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard E Pratt
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Victor J Dzau
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Conrad P Hodgkinson
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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6
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Woo LA, Wintruba KL, Wissmann B, Tkachenko S, Kubicka E, Farber E, Engkvist O, Barrett I, Granberg KL, Plowright AT, Wolf MJ, Brautigan DL, Bekiranov S, Wang QD, Saucerman JJ. Multi-omic analysis reveals VEGFR2, PI3K, and JNK mediate the small molecule induction of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte proliferation. iScience 2024; 27:110485. [PMID: 39171295 PMCID: PMC11338145 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian hearts lose their regenerative potential shortly after birth. Stimulating the proliferation of preexisting cardiomyocytes is a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiac damage. In a previous study, we identified 30 compounds that induced the bona-fide proliferation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM). Here, we selected five active compounds with diverse targets, including ALK5 and CB1R, and performed multi-omic analyses to identify common mechanisms mediating the cell cycle progression of hiPSC-CM. Transcriptome profiling revealed the top enriched pathways for all compounds including cell cycle, DNA repair, and kinesin pathways. Functional proteomic arrays found that the compounds collectively activated multiple receptor tyrosine kinases including ErbB2, IGF1R, and VEGFR2. Network analysis integrating common transcriptomic and proteomic signatures predicted that MAPK/PI3K pathways mediated compound responses. Furthermore, VEGFR2 negatively regulated endoreplication, enabling the completion of cell division. Thus, in this study, we applied high-content imaging and molecular profiling to establish mechanisms linking pro-proliferative agents to mechanisms of cardiomyocyte cell cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Woo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L. Wintruba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Bethany Wissmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Svyatoslav Tkachenko
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44196, USA
| | - Ewa Kubicka
- Center for Cell Signaling, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Emily Farber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Ola Engkvist
- Molecular AI, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, 43150 Gothenburg, MöIndal, Sweden
| | - Ian Barrett
- Data Sciences & Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB40WG, England
| | - Kenneth L. Granberg
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, 43150 Gothenburg, MöIndal, Sweden
| | - Alleyn T. Plowright
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, 43150 Gothenburg, MöIndal, Sweden
| | - Matthew J. Wolf
- Department of Medicine and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - David L. Brautigan
- Center for Cell Signaling, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, 43150 Gothenburg, MöIndal, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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7
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Ege D, Lu HH, Boccaccini AR. Bioactive Glass and Silica Particles for Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Tissue Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:448-461. [PMID: 38126329 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
When skeletal and cardiac tissues are damaged, surgical approaches are not always successful and tissue regeneration approaches are investigated. Reports in the literature indicate that silica nanoparticles and bioactive glasses (BGs), including silicate bioactive glasses (e.g., 45S5 BG), phosphate glass fibers, boron-doped mesoporous BGs, borosilicate glasses, and aluminoborates, are promising for repairing skeletal muscle tissue. Silica nanoparticles and BGs have been combined with polymers to obtain aligned nanofibers and to maintain controlled delivery of nanoparticles for skeletal muscle repair. The literature indicates that cardiac muscle regeneration can be also triggered by the ionic products of BGs. This was observed to be due to the release of vascular endothelial growth factor and other growth factors from cardiomyocytes, which regulate endothelial cells to form capillary structures (angiogenesis). Specific studies, including both in vitro and in vivo approaches, are reviewed in this article. The analysis of the literature indicates that although the research field is still very limited, BGs are showing great promise for muscle tissue engineering and further research in the field should be carried out to expand our basic knowledge on the application of BGs in muscle (skeletal and cardiac) tissue regeneration. Impact statement This review highlights the potential of silica particles and bioactive glasses (BGs) for skeletal and cardiac tissue regeneration. These biomaterials create scaffolds triggering muscle cell differentiation. Ionic products from BGs stimulate growth factors, supporting angiogenesis in cardiac tissue repair. Further research is required to expand our know-how on silica particles and BGs in muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Ege
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hsuan-Heng Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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8
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Alibhai FJ, Li RK. Rejuvenation of the Aging Heart: Molecular Determinants and Applications. Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:1394-1411. [PMID: 38460612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In Canada and worldwide, the elderly population (ie, individuals > 65 years of age) is increasing disproportionately relative to the total population. This is expected to have a substantial impact on the health care system, as increased aged is associated with a greater incidence of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Within the elderly population, cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death, therefore developing therapies that can prevent or slow disease progression in this group is highly desirable. Historically, aging research has focused on the development of anti-aging therapies that are implemented early in life and slow the age-dependent decline in cell and organ function. However, accumulating evidence supports that late-in-life therapies can also benefit the aged cardiovascular system by limiting age-dependent functional decline. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated that rejuvenation (ie, reverting cellular function to that of a younger phenotype) of the already aged cardiovascular system is possible, opening new avenues to develop therapies for older individuals. In this review, we first provide an overview of the functional changes that occur in the cardiomyocyte with aging and how this contributes to the age-dependent decline in heart function. We then discuss the various anti-aging and rejuvenation strategies that have been pursued to improve the function of the aged cardiomyocyte, with a focus on therapies implemented late in life. These strategies include 1) established systemic approaches (caloric restriction, exercise), 2) pharmacologic approaches (mTOR, AMPK, SIRT1, and autophagy-targeting molecules), and 3) emerging rejuvenation approaches (partial reprogramming, parabiosis/modulation of circulating factors, targeting endogenous stem cell populations, and senotherapeutics). Collectively, these studies demonstrate the exciting potential and limitations of current rejuvenation strategies and highlight future areas of investigation that will contribute to the development of rejuvenation therapies for the aged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal J Alibhai
- Toronto General Research Hospital Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Toronto General Research Hospital Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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9
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Silva ED, Pereira-Sousa D, Ribeiro-Costa F, Cerqueira R, Enguita FJ, Gomes RN, Dias-Ferreira J, Pereira C, Castanheira A, Pinto-do-Ó P, Leite-Moreira AF, Nascimento DS. Pericardial Fluid Accumulates microRNAs That Regulate Heart Fibrosis after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8329. [PMID: 39125899 PMCID: PMC11313565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pericardial fluid (PF) has been suggested as a reservoir of molecular targets that can be modulated for efficient repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Here, we set out to address the content of this biofluid after MI, namely in terms of microRNAs (miRs) that are important modulators of the cardiac pathological response. PF was collected during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) from two MI cohorts, patients with non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) and patients with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI), and a control group composed of patients with stable angina and without previous history of MI. The PF miR content was analyzed by small RNA sequencing, and its biological effect was assessed on human cardiac fibroblasts. PF accumulates fibrotic and inflammatory molecules in STEMI patients, namely causing the soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST-2), which inversely correlates with the left ventricle ejection fraction. Although the PF of the three patient groups induce similar levels of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast activation in vitro, RNA sequencing revealed that PF from STEMI patients is particularly enriched not only in pro-fibrotic miRs but also anti-fibrotic miRs. Among those, miR-22-3p was herein found to inhibit TGF-β-induced human cardiac fibroblast activation in vitro. PF constitutes an attractive source for screening diagnostic/prognostic miRs and for unveiling novel therapeutic targets in cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa D. Silva
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Pereira-Sousa
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (ICRC), St. Anne’s Hospital, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco Ribeiro-Costa
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Cerqueira
- Cardiovascular R&D Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.)
| | - Francisco J. Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Rita N. Gomes
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Dias-Ferreira
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cassilda Pereira
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Castanheira
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino F. Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.)
| | - Diana S. Nascimento
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Larionov A, Hammer CM, Fiedler K, Filgueira L. Dynamics of Endothelial Cell Diversity and Plasticity in Health and Disease. Cells 2024; 13:1276. [PMID: 39120307 PMCID: PMC11312403 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are vital structural units of the cardiovascular system possessing two principal distinctive properties: heterogeneity and plasticity. Endothelial heterogeneity is defined by differences in tissue-specific endothelial phenotypes and their high predisposition to modification along the length of the vascular bed. This aspect of heterogeneity is closely associated with plasticity, the ability of ECs to adapt to environmental cues through the mobilization of genetic, molecular, and structural alterations. The specific endothelial cytoarchitectonics facilitate a quick structural cell reorganization and, furthermore, easy adaptation to the extrinsic and intrinsic environmental stimuli, known as the epigenetic landscape. ECs, as universally distributed and ubiquitous cells of the human body, play a role that extends far beyond their structural function in the cardiovascular system. They play a crucial role in terms of barrier function, cell-to-cell communication, and a myriad of physiological and pathologic processes. These include development, ontogenesis, disease initiation, and progression, as well as growth, regeneration, and repair. Despite substantial progress in the understanding of endothelial cell biology, the role of ECs in healthy conditions and pathologies remains a fascinating area of exploration. This review aims to summarize knowledge and concepts in endothelial biology. It focuses on the development and functional characteristics of endothelial cells in health and pathological conditions, with a particular emphasis on endothelial phenotypic and functional heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Larionov
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (C.M.H.); (L.F.)
| | - Christian Manfred Hammer
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (C.M.H.); (L.F.)
| | - Klaus Fiedler
- Independent Researcher, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Luis Filgueira
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (C.M.H.); (L.F.)
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11
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Fang Z, Raza U, Song J, Lu J, Yao S, Liu X, Zhang W, Li S. Systemic aging fuels heart failure: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic avenues. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 39034866 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic aging influences various physiological processes and contributes to structural and functional decline in cardiac tissue. These alterations include an increased incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy, a decline in left ventricular diastolic function, left atrial dilation, atrial fibrillation, myocardial fibrosis and cardiac amyloidosis, elevating susceptibility to chronic heart failure (HF) in the elderly. Age-related cardiac dysfunction stems from prolonged exposure to genomic, epigenetic, oxidative, autophagic, inflammatory and regenerative stresses, along with the accumulation of senescent cells. Concurrently, age-related structural and functional changes in the vascular system, attributed to endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, impaired angiogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation, impose additional strain on the heart. Dysregulated mechanosignalling and impaired nitric oxide signalling play critical roles in the age-related vascular dysfunction associated with HF. Metabolic aging drives intricate shifts in glucose and lipid metabolism, leading to insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation within cardiomyocytes. These alterations contribute to cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and impaired contractility, ultimately propelling HF. Systemic low-grade chronic inflammation, in conjunction with the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, aggravates cardiac dysfunction with age by promoting immune cell infiltration into the myocardium, fostering HF. This is further exacerbated by age-related comorbidities like coronary artery disease (CAD), atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). CAD and atherosclerosis induce myocardial ischaemia and adverse remodelling, while hypertension contributes to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Obesity-associated insulin resistance, inflammation and dyslipidaemia create a profibrotic cardiac environment, whereas diabetes-related metabolic disturbances further impair cardiac function. CKD-related fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances and uraemic toxins exacerbate HF through systemic inflammation and neurohormonal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation. Recognizing aging as a modifiable process has opened avenues to target systemic aging in HF through both lifestyle interventions and therapeutics. Exercise, known for its antioxidant effects, can partly reverse pathological cardiac remodelling in the elderly by countering processes linked to age-related chronic HF, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, senescence and declining cardiomyocyte regeneration. Dietary interventions such as plant-based and ketogenic diets, caloric restriction and macronutrient supplementation are instrumental in maintaining energy balance, reducing adiposity and addressing micronutrient and macronutrient imbalances associated with age-related HF. Therapeutic advancements targeting systemic aging in HF are underway. Key approaches include senomorphics and senolytics to limit senescence, antioxidants targeting mitochondrial stress, anti-inflammatory drugs like interleukin (IL)-1β inhibitors, metabolic rejuvenators such as nicotinamide riboside, resveratrol and sirtuin (SIRT) activators and autophagy enhancers like metformin and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, all of which offer potential for preserving cardiac function and alleviating the age-related HF burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyubing Fang
- Cardiovascular Department of Internal Medicine, Karamay Hospital of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Karamay, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Umar Raza
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zengcheng Branch of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Cardiovascular Department of Internal Medicine, Karamay Hospital of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Karamay, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Outpatient Clinic of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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12
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Koukorava C, Ahmed K, Almaghrabi S, Pointon A, Haddrick M, Cross MJ. Anticancer drugs and cardiotoxicity: the role of cardiomyocyte and non-cardiomyocyte cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1372817. [PMID: 39081368 PMCID: PMC11287221 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1372817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity can be defined as "chemically induced heart disease", which can occur with many different drug classes treating a range of diseases. It is the primary cause of drug attrition during pre-clinical development and withdrawal from the market. Drug induced cardiovascular toxicity can result from both functional effects with alteration of the contractile and electrical regulation in the heart and structural changes with morphological changes to cardiomyocytes and other cardiac cells. These adverse effects result in conditions such as arrhythmia or a more serious reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), which can lead to heart failure and death. Anticancer drugs can adversely affect cardiomyocyte function as well as cardiac fibroblasts and cardiac endothelial cells, interfering in autocrine and paracrine signalling between these cell types and ultimately altering cardiac cellular homeostasis. This review aims to highlight potential toxicity mechanisms involving cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocyte cells by first introducing the physiological roles of these cells within the myocardium and secondly, identifying the physiological pathways perturbed by anticancer drugs in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysa Koukorava
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Shrouq Almaghrabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Pointon
- Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael J. Cross
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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13
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Totoń-Żurańska J, Mikolajczyk TP, Saju B, Guzik TJ. Vascular remodelling in cardiovascular diseases: hypertension, oxidation, and inflammation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:817-850. [PMID: 38920058 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Optimal vascular structure and function are essential for maintaining the physiological functions of the cardiovascular system. Vascular remodelling involves changes in vessel structure, including its size, shape, cellular and molecular composition. These changes result from multiple risk factors and may be compensatory adaptations to sustain blood vessel function. They occur in diverse cardiovascular pathologies, from hypertension to heart failure and atherosclerosis. Dynamic changes in the endothelium, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, pericytes or other vascular wall cells underlie remodelling. In addition, immune cells, including macrophages and lymphocytes, may infiltrate vessels and initiate inflammatory signalling. They contribute to a dynamic interplay between cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, inflammation, and extracellular matrix reorganisation, all critical mechanisms of vascular remodelling. Molecular pathways underlying these processes include growth factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor), inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α), reactive oxygen species, and signalling pathways, such as Rho/ROCK, MAPK, and TGF-β/Smad, related to nitric oxide and superoxide biology. MicroRNAs and long noncoding RNAs are crucial epigenetic regulators of gene expression in vascular remodelling. We evaluate these pathways for potential therapeutic targeting from a clinical translational perspective. In summary, vascular remodelling, a coordinated modification of vascular structure and function, is crucial in cardiovascular disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Totoń-Żurańska
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz P Mikolajczyk
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Blessy Saju
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
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14
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Bouhamida E, Vadakke-Madathil S, Mathiyalagan P, Ranjan AK, Sherman CD, Miller PE, Ghetti A, Abi-Gerges N, Chaudhry HW. Single nucleus transcriptomics supports a role for CCNA2-induced human adult cardiomyocyte cytokinesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.01.583057. [PMID: 38948744 PMCID: PMC11212892 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.583057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Cyclin A2 (CCNA2) is a master regulatory gene of the cell cycle that is normally silenced in postnatal mammalian cardiomyocytes. We have previously demonstrated that it can induce significant cardiac repair in both small and large animals when delivered to the heart via a viral vector. To date, whether CCNA2 gene delivery can induce cytokinesis in isolated cardiomyocytes from adult human hearts has not been investigated. Therefore, we designed a human gene therapy vector featuring a replication-deficient, E1/E3-deleted human adenovirus five encoding human CCNA2 driven by the cardiac Troponin T promoter to enable the expression of CCNA2 in freshly isolated human cardiomyocytes. Utilizing time-lapse microscopy live imaging of cultured adult human cardiomyocytes isolated from a 21-year-old male, 41-year-old female, and 55-year-old male, we now report that human adult cardiomyocytes can be induced to undergo complete cytokinesis in response to CCNA2 gene delivery with preservation of sarcomere integrity in the resulting daughter cells. To elucidate the mechanistic underpinnings of CCNA2-dependent gene regulation in governing cardiomyocyte cytokinesis, we conducted single nucleus transcriptomics (snRNA-seq, 10X Genomics) analysis in hearts isolated from adult transgenic mice that constitutively express CCNA2 in cardiomyocytes (CCNA2-Tg) and non-transgenic mice (nTg). Remarkably, we identified a subpopulation of cardiomyocytes enriched with cytokinesis, proliferative, and reprogramming genes in hearts obtained from CCNA2-Tg mice as compared to hearts obtained from nTg mice. We also performed bulk RNA sequencing of human adult and fetal hearts, and we identified key reprogramming genes that are involved in CCNA2-induced cytokinesis. These results provide a compelling path forward for the clinical development of cardiac regenerative therapy based on strategic manipulation of the cardiomyocyte cell cycle.
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15
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Alcaide P, Kallikourdis M, Emig R, Prabhu SD. Myocardial Inflammation in Heart Failure With Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ Res 2024; 134:1752-1766. [PMID: 38843295 PMCID: PMC11160997 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is characterized by a progressive decline in cardiac function and represents one of the largest health burdens worldwide. Clinically, 2 major types of HF are distinguished based on the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF): HF with reduced EF and HF with preserved EF. While both types share several risk factors and features of adverse cardiac remodeling, unique hallmarks beyond ejection fraction that distinguish these etiologies also exist. These differences may explain the fact that approved therapies for HF with reduced EF are largely ineffective in patients suffering from HF with preserved EF. Improving our understanding of the distinct cellular and molecular mechanisms is crucial for the development of better treatment strategies. This article reviews the knowledge of the immunologic mechanisms underlying HF with reduced and preserved EF and discusses how the different immune profiles elicited may identify attractive therapeutic targets for these conditions. We review the literature on the reported mechanisms of adverse cardiac remodeling in HF with reduced and preserved EF, as well as the immune mechanisms involved. We discuss how the knowledge gained from preclinical models of the complex syndrome of HF as well as from clinical data obtained from patients may translate to a better understanding of HF and result in specific treatments for these conditions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston MA
| | - Marinos Kallikourdis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy and Adaptive Immunity Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Ramona Emig
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston MA
| | - Sumanth D. Prabhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO
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16
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Palmer JA, Rosenthal N, Teichmann SA, Litvinukova M. Revisiting Cardiac Biology in the Era of Single Cell and Spatial Omics. Circ Res 2024; 134:1681-1702. [PMID: 38843288 PMCID: PMC11149945 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Throughout our lifetime, each beat of the heart requires the coordinated action of multiple cardiac cell types. Understanding cardiac cell biology, its intricate microenvironments, and the mechanisms that govern their function in health and disease are crucial to designing novel therapeutical and behavioral interventions. Recent advances in single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly propelled this understanding, offering novel insights into the cellular diversity and function and the complex interactions of cardiac tissue. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the cellular landscape of the heart, bridging the gap between suspension-based and emerging in situ approaches, focusing on the experimental and computational challenges, comparative analyses of mouse and human cardiac systems, and the rising contextualization of cardiac cells within their niches. As we explore the heart at this unprecedented resolution, integrating insights from both mouse and human studies will pave the way for novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving outcomes for patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A. Palmer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.A.P., S.A.T.)
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (J.A.P., S.A.T.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Rosenthal
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, ME (N.R.)
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (N.R.)
| | - Sarah A. Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.A.P., S.A.T.)
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (J.A.P., S.A.T.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory (S.A.T.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Litvinukova
- University Hospital Würzburg, Germany (M.L.)
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany (M.L.)
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Munich, Germany (M.L.)
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17
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Bates JE, Marples B, Hudson MM, Williams AM, Marcus K, Howell R, Paulino A, Constine LS. Biodevelopmental Considerations in Pediatric Patients With Cancer and Childhood Cancer Survivors: A PENTEC Introductory Review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:354-359. [PMID: 37966404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James E Bates
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Brian Marples
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Melissa M Hudson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - AnnaLynn M Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Karen Marcus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca Howell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Arnold Paulino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Louis S Constine
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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18
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Fonseca VC, Van V, Ip BC. Primary Human Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix from Decellularized Fibroblast Microtissues with Tissue-Dependent Composition and Microstructure. Cell Mol Bioeng 2024; 17:189-201. [PMID: 39050510 PMCID: PMC11263529 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-024-00809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human extracellular matrix (ECM) exhibits complex protein composition and architecture depending on tissue and disease state, which remains challenging to reverse engineer. One promising approach is based on cell-secreted ECM from primary human fibroblasts that can be decellularized into acellular biomaterials. However, fibroblasts cultured on rigid culture plastic or biomaterial scaffolds can experience aberrant mechanical cues that perturb the biochemical, mechanical, and the efficiency of ECM production. Methods Here, we demonstrate a method for preparing decellularized ECM using primary human fibroblasts with tissue and disease-specific features with two case studies: (1) cardiac fibroblasts; (2) lung fibroblasts from healthy or diseased donors. Cells aggregate into engineered microtissues in low adhesion microwells that deposited ECM and can be decellularized. We systematically investigate microtissue morphology, matrix architecture, and mechanical properties, along with transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. Results Microtissues exhibited tissue-specific gene expression and proteomics profiling, with ECM complexity similar to native tissues. Healthy lung microtissues exhibited web-like fibrillar collagen compared to dense patches in healthy heart microtissues. Diseased lung exhibited more disrupted collagen architecture than healthy. Decellularized microtissues had tissue-specific mechanical stiffness that was physiologically relevant. Importantly, decellularized microtissues supported viability and proliferation of human cells. Conclusions We show that engineered microtissues of primary human fibroblasts seeded in low-adhesion microwells can be decellularized to produce human, tissue and disease-specific ECM. This approach should be widely applicable for generating personalized matrix that recapitulate tissues and disease states, relevant for culturing patient cells ex vivo as well as implantation for therapeutic treatments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-024-00809-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera C. Fonseca
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Box G-E5, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - Vivian Van
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Box G-E5, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - Blanche C. Ip
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Box G-E5, Providence, RI 02912 USA
- Present Address: The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
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19
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Bates JE, Rancati T, Keshavarz H, Gagliardi G, Aznar MC, Howell RM, Shrestha S, Moiseenko V, Yorke E, Armenian S, Kremer L, Chen MH, van der Pal HJ, Cutter DJ, Constine LS, Hodgson D. Cardiac Disease in Childhood Cancer Survivors Treated With Radiation Therapy: A PENTEC Comprehensive Review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:522-532. [PMID: 37061912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) is an essential component in the treatment of many pediatric malignancies. Thoracic RT may expose the heart to radiation dose and thereby increase the risk of late cardiac disease. This comprehensive review from the Pediatric Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic (PENTEC) initiative focused on late cardiac disease in survivors of childhood cancer treated with RT. METHODS AND MATERIALS This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. We identified 1496 articles; 4 were included for dose-response modeling between mean cardiac radiation dose and risk of late coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF), valvular disease, and any cardiac disease. RESULTS For each 10-Gy increase in corrected mean cardiac radiation dose in 1.8- to 2.0-Gy fractions, we estimated a hazard ratio of 2.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.79-2.25) for coronary artery disease, of 1.87 (95% CI, 1.70-2.06) for HF, of 1.87 (95% CI, 1.78-1.96) for valvular disease, and of 1.88 (95% CI, 1.75-2.03) for any cardiac disease. From the same model, for each 100-mg/m2 increase in cumulative anthracycline dose, the hazard ratio for the development of HF was 1.93 (95% CI, 1.58-2.36), equivalent to an increase in mean heart dose of approximately 10.5 Gy. Other nontreatment factors were inconsistently reported in the analyzed articles. CONCLUSIONS Radiation dose to the heart increases the risk of late cardiac disease, but survivors of childhood cancer who receive a mean dose <10 Gy at standard fractionation are at low absolute risk (<∼2% approximately 30 years after exposure) of late cardiac disease in the absence of anthracycline exposure. Minimizing cardiac radiation dose is especially relevant in children receiving anthracyclines. When cardiac sparing is not possible, we recommend prioritizing target coverage. It is likely that individual cardiac substructure doses will be a better predictor of specific cardiac diseases than mean dose, and we urge the pediatric oncology community to further study these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Bates
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Tiziana Rancati
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Gagliardi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne C Aznar
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca M Howell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, MD Anderson UT Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Suman Shrestha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, MD Anderson UT Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Vitali Moiseenko
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ellen Yorke
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Saro Armenian
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Leontien Kremer
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ming Hui Chen
- Departments of Cardiology and Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - David J Cutter
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louis S Constine
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Pediatrics, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - David Hodgson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Lacy SM, Taubitz RJ, Urban ND, Turowski SN, Smith ED, Helms AS, Michele DE, Truttmann MC. FICD deficiency protects mice from hypertrophy-induced heart failure via BiP-mediated activation of the UPR ER and ER-phagy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.28.596287. [PMID: 38853840 PMCID: PMC11160590 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.28.596287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes require the HSP70 chaperone BiP to maintain proteostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) following cardiac stress. The adenylyl transferase (AMPylase) FICD is increasingly recognized to regulate BiP activity through the post-translational addition of an adenosine monophosphate moiety to BiP surface residues. However, the physiological impact of FICD-mediated BiP regulation in the context of cardiovascular health is unknown. Here, we find that FICD deficiency prevents pressure overload-associated heart failure, hypertrophy, and fibrosis, and that FICD knockout mice maintain normal cardiac function after cardiac pressure overload. At a cellular level, we observe that FICD-mediated BiP AMPylation blunts the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR ER ) and impairs BiP interaction with FAM134B, an ER-phagy receptor, thus limiting ER-phagy induction under stress. In contrast, FICD loss significantly increases BiP-dependent UPR ER induction and ER-phagy in stressed cardiomyocytes. We also uncover cell type-specific consequences of FICD activity in response to ER stress, positioning FICD as a critical proteostasis regulator in cardiac tissue. Our results highlight a novel regulatory paradigm controlling stress resilience in cardiomyocytes and offer a rationale to consider FICD as a therapeutic target to treat cardiac hypertrophy.
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21
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Wolfson DW, Kim NK, Lee KH, Beyersdorf JP, Langberg JJ, Fernandez N, Choi D, Zureick N, Kim TY, Bae S, Gu JM, Kirschman JL, Fan J, Sheng CY, Gottlieb Sen D, Mettler B, Sung JH, Yoon YS, Park SJ, Santangelo PJ, Cho HC. Transient pacing in pigs with complete heart block via myocardial injection of mRNA coding for the T-box transcription factor 18. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01211-9. [PMID: 38698155 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The adenovirus-mediated somatic transfer of the embryonic T-box transcription factor 18 (TBX18) gene can convert chamber cardiomyocytes into induced pacemaker cells. However, the translation of therapeutic TBX18-induced cardiac pacing faces safety challenges. Here we show that the myocardial expression of synthetic TBX18 mRNA in animals generates de novo pacing and limits innate and inflammatory immune responses. In rats, intramyocardially injected mRNA remained localized, whereas direct myocardial injection of an adenovirus carrying a reporter gene resulted in diffuse expression and in substantial spillover to the liver, spleen and lungs. Transient expression of TBX18 mRNA in rats led to de novo automaticity and pacemaker properties and, compared with the injection of adenovirus, to substantial reductions in the expression of inflammatory genes and in activated macrophage populations. In rodent and clinically relevant porcine models of complete heart block, intramyocardially injected TBX18 mRNA provided rate-adaptive cardiac pacing for one month that strongly correlated with the animal's sinus rhythm and physical activity. TBX18 mRNA may aid the development of biological pacemakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Wolfson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nam Kyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ki Hong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jared P Beyersdorf
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan J Langberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Natasha Fernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dahim Choi
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nadine Zureick
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tae Yun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Seongho Bae
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jin-Mo Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan L Kirschman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jinqi Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christina Y Sheng
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Danielle Gottlieb Sen
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bret Mettler
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jung Hoon Sung
- Department of Cardiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Young-Sup Yoon
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Park
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Philip J Santangelo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Hee Cheol Cho
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Blalock-Taussig-Thomas Pediatric and Congenital Heart Center, The Johns Hopkins Children's Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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22
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Karpurapu A, Williams HA, DeBenedittis P, Baker CE, Ren S, Thomas MC, Beard AJ, Devlin GW, Harrington J, Parker LE, Smith AK, Mainsah B, Pla MM, Asokan A, Bowles DE, Iversen E, Collins L, Karra R. Deep Learning Resolves Myovascular Dynamics in the Failing Human Heart. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:674-686. [PMID: 38984052 PMCID: PMC11228115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart harbors minute levels of cycling cardiomyocytes (CMs). Large numbers of images are needed to accurately quantify cycling events using microscopy-based methods. CardioCount is a new deep learning-based pipeline to rigorously score nuclei in microscopic images. When applied to a repository of 368,434 human microscopic images, we found evidence of coupled growth between CMs and cardiac endothelial cells in the adult human heart. Additionally, we found that vascular rarefaction and CM hypertrophy are interrelated in end-stage heart failure. CardioCount is available for use via GitHub and via Google Colab for users with minimal machine learning experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Karpurapu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Helen A. Williams
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paige DeBenedittis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caroline E. Baker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Simiao Ren
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael C. Thomas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anneka J. Beard
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Garth W. Devlin
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Josephine Harrington
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren E. Parker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Abigail K. Smith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Boyla Mainsah
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michelle Mendiola Pla
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dawn E. Bowles
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edwin Iversen
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Leslie Collins
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ravi Karra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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23
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Dobner S, Tóth F, de Rooij LPMH. A high-resolution view of the heterogeneous aging endothelium. Angiogenesis 2024; 27:129-145. [PMID: 38324119 PMCID: PMC11021252 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell (EC) aging has a strong impact on tissue perfusion and overall cardiovascular health. While studies confined to the investigation of aging-associated vascular readouts in one or a few tissues have already drastically expanded our understanding of EC aging, single-cell omics and other high-resolution profiling technologies have started to illuminate the intricate molecular changes underlying endothelial aging across diverse tissues and vascular beds at scale. In this review, we provide an overview of recent insights into the heterogeneous adaptations of the aging vascular endothelium. We address critical questions regarding tissue-specific and universal responses of the endothelium to the aging process, EC turnover dynamics throughout lifespan, and the differential susceptibility of ECs to acquiring aging-associated traits. In doing so, we underscore the transformative potential of single-cell approaches in advancing our comprehension of endothelial aging, essential to foster the development of future innovative therapeutic strategies for aging-associated vascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dobner
- The CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fanni Tóth
- The CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura P M H de Rooij
- The CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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24
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Kücük P, Abbey L, Schmitt J, Henninger C, Fritz G. Cardiomyocytes, cardiac endothelial cells and fibroblasts contribute to anthracycline-induced cardiac injury through RAS-homologous small GTPases RAC1 and CDC42. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107165. [PMID: 38561112 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The clinical use of the DNA damaging anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by irreversible cardiotoxicity, which depends on the cumulative dose. The RAS-homologous (RHO) small GTPase RAC1 contributes to DOX-induced DNA damage formation and cardiotoxicity. However, the pathophysiological relevance of other RHO GTPases than RAC1 and different cardiac cell types (i.e., cardiomyocytes, non-cardiomyocytes) for DOX-triggered cardiac damage is unclear. Employing diverse in vitro and in vivo models, we comparatively investigated the level of DOX-induced DNA damage in cardiomyocytes versus non-cardiomyocytes (endothelial cells and fibroblasts), in the presence or absence of selected RHO GTPase inhibitors. Non-cardiomyocytes exhibited the highest number of DOX-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), which were efficiently repaired in vitro. By contrast, rather low levels of DSB were formed in cardiomyocytes, which however remained largely unrepaired. Moreover, DOX-induced apoptosis was detected only in non-cardiomyocytes but not in cardiomyocytes. Pharmacological inhibitors of RAC1 and CDC42 most efficiently attenuated DOX-induced DNA damage in all cell types examined in vitro. Consistently, immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the RAC1 inhibitor NSC23766 and the pan-RHO GTPase inhibitor lovastatin reduced the level of DOX-induced residual DNA damage in both cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes in vivo. Overall, we conclude that endothelial cells, fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes contribute to the pathophysiology of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, with RAC1- and CDC42-regulated signaling pathways being especially relevant for DOX-stimulated DSB formation and DNA damage response (DDR) activation. Hence, we suggest dual targeting of RAC1/CDC42-dependent mechanisms in multiple cardiac cell types to mitigate DNA damage-dependent cardiac injury evoked by DOX-based anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Kücük
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
| | - Lena Abbey
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Joachim Schmitt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Christian Henninger
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Gerhard Fritz
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
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25
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Eschenhagen T, Weinberger F. Challenges and perspectives of heart repair with pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:515-524. [PMID: 39195938 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Here we aim at providing a concise but comprehensive overview of the perspectives and challenges of heart repair with pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. This Review comes at a time when consensus has been reached about the lack of relevant proliferative capacity of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes and the lack of new heart muscle formation with autologous cell sources. While alternatives to cell-based approaches will be shortly summarized, the focus lies on pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte repair, which entered first clinical trials just 2 years ago. In the view of the authors, these early trials are important but have to be viewed as early proof-of-concept trials in humans that will hopefully provide first answers on feasibility, safety and the survival of allogeneic pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte in the human heart. Better approaches have to be developed to make this approach clinically applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Weinberger
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Cardiovascular Regeneration Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Samee MAH, Martin JF. Deep Image Segmentation for Cardiomyocyte Proliferation. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:687-688. [PMID: 38984048 PMCID: PMC11228390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Abul Hassan Samee
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James F Martin
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- McGill Gene Editing Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Organ Repair and Renewal, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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27
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Baccouche BM, Elde S, Wang H, Woo YJ. Structural, angiogenic, and immune responses influencing myocardial regeneration: a glimpse into the crucible. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:18. [PMID: 38688935 PMCID: PMC11061134 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-024-00357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Complete cardiac regeneration remains an elusive therapeutic goal. Although much attention has been focused on cardiomyocyte proliferation, especially in neonatal mammals, recent investigations have unearthed mechanisms by which non-cardiomyocytes, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and other immune cells, play critical roles in modulating the regenerative capacity of the injured heart. The degree to which each of these cell types influence cardiac regeneration, however, remains incompletely understood. This review highlights the roles of these non-cardiomyocytes and their respective contributions to cardiac regeneration, with emphasis on natural heart regeneration after cardiac injury during the neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil M Baccouche
- Stanford University Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Elde
- Stanford University Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Hanjay Wang
- Stanford University Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Y Joseph Woo
- Stanford University Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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28
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Salameh S, Guerrelli D, Miller JA, Desai M, Moise N, Yerebakan C, Bruce A, Sinha P, d'Udekem Y, Weinberg SH, Posnack NG. Connecting Transcriptomics with Computational Modeling to Reveal Developmental Adaptations in the Human Pediatric Myocardium. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.19.589826. [PMID: 38712262 PMCID: PMC11071413 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.19.589826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Background Nearly 1% or 1.3 million babies are born with congenital heart disease (CHD) globally each year - many of whom will require palliative or corrective heart surgery within the first few years of life. A detailed understanding of cardiac maturation can help to expand our knowledge on cardiac diseases that develop during gestation, identify age-appropriate cardiovascular drug therapies, and inform clinical care decisions related to surgical repair, myocardial preservation, or postoperative management. Yet, to date, our knowledge of the temporal changes that cardiomyocytes undergo during postnatal development is largely limited to animal models. Methods Right atrial tissue samples were collected from n=117 neonatal, infant, and pediatric patients undergoing correct surgery due to (acyanotic) CHD. Patients were stratified into five age groups: neonate (0-30 days), infant (31-364 days), toddler to preschool (1-5 years), school age (6-11 years), and adolescent to young adults (12-32 years). We measured age-dependent adaptations in cardiac gene expression, and used computational modeling to simulate action potential and calcium transients. Results Enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEG) was explored, revealing age-dependent changes in several key biological processes (cell cycle, cell division, mitosis), cardiac ion channels, and calcium handling genes. Gene-associated changes in ionic currents exhibited both linear trends and sudden shifts across developmental stages, with changes in calcium handling ( I NCX ) and repolarization ( I K1 ) most strongly associated with an age-dependent decrease in the action potential plateau potential and increase in triangulation, respectively. We also note a shift in repolarization reserve, with lower I Kr expression in younger patients, a finding likely tied to the increased amplitude of I Ks triggered by elevated sympathetic activation in pediatric patients. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into age-dependent changes in human cardiac gene expression and electrophysiology among patients with CHD, shedding light on molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac development and function across different developmental stages.
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Chen L, Li H, Liu X, Zhang N, Wang K, Shi A, Gao H, Akdis D, Saguner AM, Xu X, Osto E, Van de Veen W, Li G, Bayés-Genís A, Duru F, Song J, Li X, Hu S. PBX/Knotted 1 homeobox-2 (PKNOX2) is a novel regulator of myocardial fibrosis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:94. [PMID: 38644381 PMCID: PMC11033280 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Much effort has been made to uncover the cellular heterogeneities of human hearts by single-nucleus RNA sequencing. However, the cardiac transcriptional regulation networks have not been systematically described because of the limitations in detecting transcription factors. In this study, we optimized a pipeline for isolating nuclei and conducting single-nucleus RNA sequencing targeted to detect a higher number of cell signal genes and an optimal number of transcription factors. With this unbiased protocol, we characterized the cellular composition of healthy human hearts and investigated the transcriptional regulation networks involved in determining the cellular identities and functions of the main cardiac cell subtypes. Particularly in fibroblasts, a novel regulator, PKNOX2, was identified as being associated with physiological fibroblast activation in healthy hearts. To validate the roles of these transcription factors in maintaining homeostasis, we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of transplanted failing hearts focusing on fibroblast remodelling. The trajectory analysis suggested that PKNOX2 was abnormally decreased from fibroblast activation to pathological myofibroblast formation. Both gain- and loss-of-function in vitro experiments demonstrated the inhibitory role of PKNOX2 in pathological fibrosis remodelling. Moreover, fibroblast-specific overexpression and knockout of PKNOX2 in a heart failure mouse model induced by transverse aortic constriction surgery significantly improved and aggravated myocardial fibrosis, respectively. In summary, this study established a high-quality pipeline for single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of heart muscle. With this optimized protocol, we described the transcriptional regulation networks of the main cardiac cell subtypes and identified PKNOX2 as a novel regulator in suppressing fibrosis and a potential therapeutic target for future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haotong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kui Wang
- School of Statistics and Data Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Anteng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Deniz Akdis
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ardan M Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xinjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Elena Osto
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willem Van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, CIBERCV, Spain
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Lv J, Fu Z, Zheng H, Song Q. Global research trends and emerging opportunities for integrin adhesion complexes in cardiac repair: a scientometric analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1308763. [PMID: 38699584 PMCID: PMC11063371 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1308763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Cardiac regenerative medicine has gained significant attention in recent years, and integrins are known to play a critical role in mediating cardiac development and repair, especially after an injury from the myocardial infarction (MI). Given the extensive research history and interdisciplinary nature of this field, a quantitative retrospective analysis and visualization of related topics is necessary. Materials and methods We performed a scientometric analysis of published papers on cardiac integrin adhesion complexes (IACs), including analysis of annual publications, disciplinary evolution, keyword co-occurrence, and literature co-citation. Results A total of 2,664 publications were finally included in the past 20 years. The United States is the largest contributor to the study and is leading this area of research globally. The journal Circulation Research attracts the largest number of high-quality publications. The study of IACs in cardiac repair/regenerative therapies involves multiple disciplines, particularly in materials science and developmental biology. Keywords of research frontiers were represented by Tenasin-C (2019-2023) and inflammation (2020-2023). Conclusion Integrins are topics with ongoing enthusiasm in biological development and tissue regeneration. The rapidly emerging role of matricellular proteins and non-protein components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in regulating matrix structure and function may be a further breakthrough point in the future; the emerging role of IACs and their downstream molecular signaling in cardiac repair are also of great interest, such as induction of cardiac proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and metabolism, fibroblast activation, and inflammatory modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Lv
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyue Fu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Zheng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqiao Song
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Nunes JM, Kell DB, Pretorius E. Herpesvirus Infection of Endothelial Cells as a Systemic Pathological Axis in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Viruses 2024; 16:572. [PMID: 38675914 PMCID: PMC11053605 DOI: 10.3390/v16040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the pathophysiology of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is critical for advancing treatment options. This review explores the novel hypothesis that a herpesvirus infection of endothelial cells (ECs) may underlie ME/CFS symptomatology. We review evidence linking herpesviruses to persistent EC infection and the implications for endothelial dysfunction, encompassing blood flow regulation, coagulation, and cognitive impairment-symptoms consistent with ME/CFS and Long COVID. This paper provides a synthesis of current research on herpesvirus latency and reactivation, detailing the impact on ECs and subsequent systemic complications, including latent modulation and long-term maladaptation. We suggest that the chronicity of ME/CFS symptoms and the multisystemic nature of the disease may be partly attributable to herpesvirus-induced endothelial maladaptation. Our conclusions underscore the necessity for further investigation into the prevalence and load of herpesvirus infection within the ECs of ME/CFS patients. This review offers conceptual advances by proposing an endothelial infection model as a systemic mechanism contributing to ME/CFS, steering future research toward potentially unexplored avenues in understanding and treating this complex syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean M. Nunes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Chemitorvet 200, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Cathcart B, Cheedipudi SM, Rouhi L, Zhao Z, Gurha P, Marian AJ. DNA double-stranded breaks, a hallmark of aging, defined at the nucleotide resolution, are increased and associated with transcription in the cardiac myocytes in LMNA-cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae063. [PMID: 38577741 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS An intrinsic feature of gene transcription is the formation of DNA superhelices near the transcription bubble, which are resolved upon induction of transient double-stranded breaks (DSBs) by topoisomerases. Unrepaired DSBs are pathogenic as they lead to cell cycle arrest, senescence, inflammation, and organ dysfunction. We posit that DSBs would be more prevalent at the genomic sites that are associated with gene expression. The objectives were to identify and characterize genome-wide DSBs at the nucleotide resolution and determine the association of DSBs with transcription in cardiac myocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified the genome-wide DSBs in ∼1 million cardiac myocytes per heart in three wild-type and three myocyte-specific LMNA-deficient (Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F) mice by END-Sequencing. The prevalence of DSBs was 0.8% and 2.2% in the wild-type and Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F myocytes, respectively. The END-Seq signals were enriched for 8 and 6764 DSBs in the wild-type and Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F myocytes, respectively (q < 0.05). The DSBs were preferentially localized to the gene regions, transcription initiation sites, cardiac transcription factor motifs, and the G quadruplex forming structures. Because LMNA regulates transcription through the lamin-associated domains (LADs), we defined the LADs in cardiac myocytes by a Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) assay (N = 5). On average there were 818 LADs per myocyte. Constitutive LADs (cLADs), defined as LADs that were shared by at least three genomes (N = 2572), comprised about a third of the mouse cardiac myocyte genomes. Transcript levels of the protein-coding genes located at the cLADs (N = 3975) were ∼16-fold lower than those at the non-LAD regions (N = ∼17 778). The prevalence of DSBs was higher in the non-LAD as compared to the cLAD regions. Likewise, DSBs were more common in the loss-of-LAD regions, defined as the genomic regions in the Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F that were juxtaposed to the LAD regions in the wild-type myocytes. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first identification of the DSBs, at the nucleotide resolution in the cardiovascular system. The prevalence of DSBs was higher in the genomic regions associated with transcription. Because transcription is pervasive, DSBs are expected to be common and pathogenic in various states and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cathcart
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sirisha M Cheedipudi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leila Rouhi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, UTHealth, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Priyatansh Gurha
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ali J Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Livkisa D, Chang TH, Burnouf T, Czosseck A, Le NTN, Shamrin G, Yeh WT, Kamimura M, Lundy DJ. Extracellular vesicles purified from serum-converted human platelet lysates offer strong protection after cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Biomaterials 2024; 306:122502. [PMID: 38354518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from cultured cells or bodily fluids have been demonstrated to show therapeutic value following myocardial infarction. However, challenges in donor variation, EV generation and isolation methods, and material availability have hindered their therapeutic use. Here, we show that human clinical-grade platelet concentrates from a blood establishment can be used to rapidly generate high concentrations of high purity EVs from sero-converted platelet lysate (SCPL-EVs) with minimal processing, using size-exclusion chromatography. Processing removed serum carrier proteins, coagulation factors and complement proteins from the original platelet lysate and the resultant SCPL-EVs carried a range of trophic factors and multiple recognised cardioprotective miRNAs. As such, SCPL-EVs protected rodent and human cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/re-oxygenation injury and stimulated angiogenesis of human cardiac microvessel endothelial cells. In a mouse model of myocardial infarction with reperfusion, SCPL-EV delivery using echo-guided intracavitary percutaneous injection produced large improvements in cardiac function, reduced scar formation and promoted angiogenesis. Since platelet-based biomaterials are already widely used clinically, we believe that this therapy could be rapidly suitable for a human clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Livkisa
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Andreas Czosseck
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nhi Thao Ngoc Le
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gleb Shamrin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Yeh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masao Kamimura
- Department of Medical and Robotic Engineering Design, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Japan
| | - David J Lundy
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Cell Therapy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Peterson EA, Sun J, Chen X, Wang J. Neutrophils facilitate the epicardial regenerative response after zebrafish heart injury. Dev Biol 2024; 508:93-106. [PMID: 38286185 PMCID: PMC10923159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Despite extensive studies on endogenous heart regeneration within the past 20 years, the players involved in initiating early regeneration events are far from clear. Here, we assessed the function of neutrophils, the first-responder cells to tissue damage, during zebrafish heart regeneration. We detected rapid neutrophil mobilization to the injury site after ventricular amputation, peaking at 1-day post-amputation (dpa) and resolving by 3 dpa. Further analyses indicated neutrophil mobilization coincides with peak epicardial cell proliferation, and recruited neutrophils associated with activated, expanding epicardial cells at 1 dpa. Neutrophil depletion inhibited myocardial regeneration and significantly reduced epicardial cell expansion, proliferation, and activation. To explore the molecular mechanism of neutrophils on the epicardial regenerative response, we performed scRNA-seq analysis of 1 dpa neutrophils and identified enrichment of the FGF and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of FGF signaling indicated its' requirement for epicardial expansion, while neutrophil depletion blocked MAPK/ERK signaling activation in epicardial cells. Ligand-receptor analysis indicated the EGF ligand, hbegfa, is released from neutrophils and synergizes with other FGF and MAPK/ERK factors for induction of epicardial regeneration. Altogether, our studies revealed that neutrophils quickly motivate epicardial cells, which later accumulate at the injury site and contribute to heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Peterson
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jisheng Sun
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jinhu Wang
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Aldo C, Martina Z, Alberto A, Mario P. Cardiovascular risk evaluation in pregnancy: focus on cardiac specific biomarkers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:581-592. [PMID: 37942796 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the evidence demonstrating the clinical utility of cardiac specific biomarkers in improving cardiovascular risk evaluation in several clinical conditions, even the most recent reviews and guidelines fail to consider their measurement in order to enhance the accuracy of the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in pregnant women. The aim of this review article was to examine whether the assay of cardiac specific biomarkers can enhance cardiovascular risk evaluation in pregnant women, first by reviewing the relationships between the physiological state of pregnancy and cardiac specific biomarkers. The clinical relevance of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)/NT-proBNP and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I/high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnI/hs-cTnT) assay in improving cardiovascular risk evaluation is examined based on the results of clinical studies on subjects with normal and those with complicated pregnancy. Finally, the analytical approaches and clinical objectives related to cardio specific biomarkers are advocated in order to allow an early and more accurate evaluation of cardiovascular risk in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clerico Aldo
- Coordinator of the Study Group on Cardiac Biomarkers from Italian Society of Biochemical Chemistry (SIBioC) and European Ligand Assay Society (ELAS), Milan, Italy
| | - Zaninotto Martina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Aimo Alberto
- Fondazione CNR - Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Plebani Mario
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Mohr ME, Li S, Trouten AM, Stairley RA, Roddy PL, Liu C, Zhang M, Sucov HM, Tao G. Cardiomyocyte-fibroblast interaction regulates ferroptosis and fibrosis after myocardial injury. iScience 2024; 27:109219. [PMID: 38469561 PMCID: PMC10926204 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal mouse hearts have transient renewal capacity, which is lost in juvenile and adult stages. In neonatal mouse hearts, myocardial infarction (MI) causes an initial loss of cardiomyocytes. However, it is unclear which type of regulated cell death (RCD) occurs in stressed cardiomyocytes. In the current studies, we induced MI in neonatal and juvenile mouse hearts and showed that ischemic cardiomyocytes primarily undergo ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic and iron-dependent form of RCD. We demonstrated that cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) protect cardiomyocytes from ferroptosis through paracrine effects and direct cell-cell interaction. CFs show strong resistance to ferroptosis due to high ferritin expression. The fibrogenic activity of CFs, typically considered detrimental to heart function, is negatively regulated by paired-like homeodomain 2 (Pitx2) signaling from cardiomyocytes. In addition, Pitx2 prevents ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes by regulating ferroptotic genes. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of cardiomyocyte survival and death can identify potentially translatable therapeutic strategies for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Mohr
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Allison M. Trouten
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Stairley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Patrick L. Roddy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Chun Liu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Henry M. Sucov
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Ge Tao
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Bryl R, Kulus M, Bryja A, Domagała D, Mozdziak P, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Zabel M, Dzięgiel P, Kempisty B. Cardiac progenitor cell therapy: mechanisms of action. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:30. [PMID: 38444042 PMCID: PMC10913616 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is an end-stage of many cardiac diseases and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current management of this disease remains suboptimal. The adult mammalian heart was considered a post-mitotic organ. However, several reports suggest that it may possess modest regenerative potential. Adult cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), the main players in the cardiac regeneration, constitute, as it may seem, a heterogenous group of cells, which remain quiescent in physiological conditions and become activated after an injury, contributing to cardiomyocytes renewal. They can mediate their beneficial effects through direct differentiation into cardiac cells and activation of resident stem cells but majorly do so through paracrine release of factors. CPCs can secrete cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors as well as exosomes, rich in proteins, lipids and non-coding RNAs, such as miRNAs and YRNAs, which contribute to reparation of myocardium by promoting angiogenesis, cardioprotection, cardiomyogenesis, anti-fibrotic activity, and by immune modulation. Preclinical studies assessing cardiac progenitor cells and cardiac progenitor cells-derived exosomes on damaged myocardium show that administration of cardiac progenitor cells-derived exosomes can mimic effects of cell transplantation. Exosomes may become new promising therapeutic strategy for heart regeneration nevertheless there are still several limitations as to their use in the clinic. Key questions regarding their dosage, safety, specificity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and route of administration remain outstanding. There are still gaps in the knowledge on basic biology of exosomes and filling them will bring as closer to translation into clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rut Bryl
- Section of Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Natural Sciences Club, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Artur Bryja
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-367, Poland
| | - Dominika Domagała
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-367, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, 65-046, Poland
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-368, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-368, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, 87-100, Poland.
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, 50-367, Poland.
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic.
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38
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Zhuang T, Chen MH, Wu RX, Wang J, Hu XD, Meng T, Wu AH, Li Y, Yang YF, Lei Y, Hu DH, Li YX, Zhang L, Sun AJ, Lu W, Zhang GN, Zuo JL, Ruan CC. ALKBH5-mediated m6A modification of IL-11 drives macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition and pathological cardiac fibrosis in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1995. [PMID: 38443404 PMCID: PMC10914760 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac macrophage contributes to the development of cardiac fibrosis, but factors that regulate cardiac macrophages transition and activation during this process remains elusive. Here we show, by single-cell transcriptomics, lineage tracing and parabiosis, that cardiac macrophages from circulating monocytes preferentially commit to macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT) under angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension, with accompanying increased expression of the RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylases, ALKBH5. Meanwhile, macrophage-specific knockout of ALKBH5 inhibits Ang II-induced MMT, and subsequently ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Mechanistically, RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing identifies interlukin-11 (IL-11) mRNA as a target for ALKBH5-mediated m6A demethylation, leading to increased IL-11 mRNA stability and protein levels. By contrast, overexpression of IL11 in circulating macrophages reverses the phenotype in ALKBH5-deficient mice and macrophage. Lastly, targeted delivery of ALKBH5 or IL-11 receptor α (IL11RA1) siRNA to monocytes/macrophages attenuates MMT and cardiac fibrosis under hypertensive stress. Our results thus suggest that the ALKBH5/IL-11/IL11RA1/MMT axis alters cardiac macrophage and contributes to hypertensive cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction in mice, and thereby identify potential targets for cardiac fibrosis therapy in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhuang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Hua Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruo-Xi Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-De Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Hua Wu
- Minhang Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, RuiJin Hospital/LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Feng Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Hua Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Xiu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Jun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Minhang Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guan-Nan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun-Li Zuo
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Cheng-Chao Ruan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Kang J, Rhee J, Wang C, Yang Y, Li G, Li H. Unlocking the dark matter: noncoding RNAs and RNA modifications in cardiac aging. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H832-H844. [PMID: 38305752 PMCID: PMC11221808 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00532.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac aging is a multifaceted process that encompasses structural and functional alterations culminating in heart failure. As the elderly population continues to expand, there is a growing urgent need for interventions to combat age-related cardiac functional decline. Noncoding RNAs have emerged as critical regulators of cellular and biochemical processes underlying cardiac disease. This review summarizes our current understanding of how noncoding RNAs function in the heart during aging, with particular emphasis on mechanisms of RNA modification that control their activity. Targeting noncoding RNAs as potential novel therapeutics in cardiac aging is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Kang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - James Rhee
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yolander Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Guoping Li
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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40
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Ghosh M, Khanam R, Sengupta A, Chakraborty S. Oxidative-stress induced Bmp2-Smad1/5/8 signaling dependent differentiation of early cardiomyocytes from embryonic and adult epicardial cells. Differentiation 2024; 136:100756. [PMID: 38471281 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2024.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure has become a major life-threatening cause affecting millions globally, characterized by the permanent loss of adult functional cardiomyocytes leading to fibrosis which ultimately deprives the heart of its functional efficacy. Here we investigated the reparative property of embryonic and adult epicardial cells towards cardiomyocyte differentiation under oxidative stress-induced conditions along with the identification of a possible molecular signaling pathway. Isolated epicardial cells from embryonic chick hearts subjected to oxidative stress and hypoxia induction. Initial assessment of successful injury induction reveals hypertrophy of isolated epicardial cells. Detailed marker gene expression analyses and inhibitor studies reveal Bone morphogenic protein (Bmp)2-Smad1/5/8 signaling dependent cardiomyocyte lineage specification via epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) post-injury. EMT is further confirmed by increased proliferation, migration, and differentiation towards cardiomyocyte lineage. We have also established an in-vivo model in adult male rats using Isoproterenol. Successful oxidative stress-mediated injury induction in adult heart was marked by increased activated fibroblasts followed by apoptosis of adult cardiomyocytes. The detailed characterization of adult epicardial cells reveals similar findings to our avian in-vitro data. Both in-vitro and in-vivo results show a significant increase in the expression of cardiomyocyte specific markers indicative of lineage specificity and activation of epicardial cells post oxidative stress mediated injury. Our findings suggest an EMT-induced reactivation of epicardial cells and early cardiomyocyte lineage specification following oxidative stress in a Bmp2- Smad1/5/8 dependent manner. Overall, this regulatory mechanism of cardiomyocyte differentiation induced by oxidative stress may contribute to the field of cardiac repair and regenerative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Riffat Khanam
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Arunima Sengupta
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
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41
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Dufeys C, Bodart J, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S. Fibroblasts and platelets: a face-to-face dialogue at the heart of cardiac fibrosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H655-H669. [PMID: 38241009 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00559.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a feature found in most cardiac diseases and a key element contributing to heart failure and its progression. It has therefore become a subject of particular interest in cardiac research. Mechanisms leading to pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure are diverse, including effects on cardiac fibroblasts, the main players in cardiac extracellular matrix synthesis, but also on cardiomyocytes, immune cells, endothelial cells, and more recently, platelets. Although transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a primary regulator of fibrosis development, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that trigger its activation after cardiac injury remain poorly understood. Different types of anti-TGF-β drugs have been tested for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis and have been associated with side effects. Therefore, a better understanding of these mechanisms is of great clinical relevance and could allow us to identify new therapeutic targets. Interestingly, it has been shown that platelets infiltrate the myocardium at an early stage after cardiac injury, producing large amounts of cytokines and growth factors. These molecules can directly or indirectly regulate cells involved in the fibrotic response, including cardiac fibroblasts and immune cells. In particular, platelets are known to be a major source of TGF-β1. In this review, we have provided an overview of the classical cellular effectors involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis, focusing on the emergent role of platelets, while discussing opportunities for novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Dufeys
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Bodart
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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42
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Das A, Nikhil A, Shiekh PA, Yadav B, Jagavelu K, Kumar A. Ameliorating impaired cardiac function in myocardial infarction using exosome-loaded gallic-acid-containing polyurethane scaffolds. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:324-340. [PMID: 38076649 PMCID: PMC10701288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) can be tackled by implanting cardiac patches which provide mechanical support to the heart. However, most tissue-engineered scaffolds face difficulty in attenuating oxidative stress, maintaining mechanical stability, and regenerating damaged cardiomyocytes. Here, we fabricated elastic cryogels using polyurethane modified with antioxidant gallic acid in its backbone (PUGA) and further coated them with decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) to improve adhesiveness, biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. The scaffold was functionalized with exosomes (EXO) isolated from adipose-derived stem cells having regenerative potential. PUGA-dECM + EXO was tested in a rat model with induced MI where echocardiography after 8 weeks of implantation showed significant recovery in treatment group. Histological analysis revealed a decrease in fibrosis after application of patch and promotion of angiogenesis with reduced oxidative stress was shown by immunostaining. Expression of cardiac tissue contractile function marker was also observed in treatment groups. Thus, the proposed biomaterial has a promising application to be utilized as a patch for cardiac regeneration. More detailed studies with larger animal species are needed for using these observations for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, U.P., India
| | - Aman Nikhil
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, U.P., India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad Shiekh
- SMART Lab, Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Babita Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, U.P., India
| | - Kumaravelu Jagavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, U.P., India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, U.P., India
- Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, U.P., India
- Centre of Excellence for Orthopaedics and Prosthetics, Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, U.P., India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, U.P., India
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43
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Nguyen T, Rosa-Garrido M, Sadek H, Garry DJ, Zhang JJ. Promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation for myocardial regeneration in large mammals. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 188:52-60. [PMID: 38340541 PMCID: PMC11018144 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
From molecular and cellular perspectives, heart failure is caused by the loss of cardiomyocytes-the fundamental contractile units of the heart. Because mammalian cardiomyocytes exit the cell cycle shortly after birth, the cardiomyocyte damage induced by myocardial infarction (MI) typically leads to dilatation of the left ventricle (LV) and often progresses to heart failure. However, recent findings indicate that the hearts of neonatal pigs completely regenerated the cardiomyocytes that were lost to MI when the injury occurred on postnatal day 1 (P1). This recovery was accompanied by increases in the expression of markers for cell-cycle activity in cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that the repair process was driven by cardiomyocyte proliferation. This review summarizes findings from recent studies that found evidence of cardiomyocyte proliferation in 1) the uninjured hearts of newborn pigs on P1, 2) neonatal pig hearts after myocardial injury on P1, and 3) the hearts of pigs that underwent apical resection surgery (AR) on P1 followed by MI on postnatal day 28 (P28). Analyses of cardiomyocyte single-nucleus RNA sequencing data collected from the hearts of animals in these three experimental groups, their corresponding control groups, and fetal pigs suggested that although the check-point regulators and other molecules that direct cardiomyocyte cell-cycle progression and proliferation in fetal, newborn, and postnatal pigs were identical, the mechanisms that activated cardiomyocyte proliferation in response to injury may differ from those that regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Manuel Rosa-Garrido
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Hesham Sadek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Daniel J Garry
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jianyi Jay Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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Li RG, Li X, Morikawa Y, Grisanti-Canozo FJ, Meng F, Tsai CR, Zhao Y, Liu L, Kim J, Xie B, Klysik E, Liu S, Samee MAH, Martin JF. YAP induces a neonatal-like pro-renewal niche in the adult heart. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:283-300. [PMID: 38510108 PMCID: PMC10954255 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00428-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
After myocardial infarction (MI), mammalian hearts do not regenerate, and the microenvironment is disrupted. Hippo signaling loss of function with activation of transcriptional co-factor YAP induces heart renewal and rebuilds the post-MI microenvironment. In this study, we investigated adult renewal-competent mouse hearts expressing an active version of YAP, called YAP5SA, in cardiomyocytes (CMs). Spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed a conserved, renewal-competent CM cell state called adult (a)CM2 with high YAP activity. aCM2 co-localized with cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) expressing complement pathway component C3 and macrophages (MPs) expressing C3ar1 receptor to form a cellular triad in YAP5SA hearts and renewal-competent neonatal hearts. Although aCM2 was detected in adult mouse and human hearts, the cellular triad failed to co-localize in these non-renewing hearts. C3 and C3ar1 loss-of-function experiments indicated that C3a signaling between MPs and CFs was required to assemble the pro-renewal aCM2, C3+ CF and C3ar1+ MP cellular triad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rich Gang Li
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- McGill Gene Editing Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Rich Gang Li, Xiao Li
| | - Xiao Li
- McGill Gene Editing Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Rich Gang Li, Xiao Li
| | - Yuka Morikawa
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francisco J. Grisanti-Canozo
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fansen Meng
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chang-Ru Tsai
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- McGill Gene Editing Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- McGill Gene Editing Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jong Kim
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elzbieta Klysik
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shijie Liu
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Md Abul Hassan Samee
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James F. Martin
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- McGill Gene Editing Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Organ Repair and Renewal, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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45
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Nakanishi-Koakutsu M, Miki K, Naka Y, Sasaki M, Wakimizu T, Napier SC, Okubo C, Narita M, Nishikawa M, Hata R, Chonabayashi K, Hotta A, Imahashi K, Nishimoto T, Yoshida Y. CD151 expression marks atrial- and ventricular- differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Commun Biol 2024; 7:231. [PMID: 38418926 PMCID: PMC10901864 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Current differentiation protocols for human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) produce heterogeneous cardiomyocytes (CMs). Although chamber-specific CM selection using cell surface antigens enhances biomedical applications, a cell surface marker that accurately distinguishes between hiPSC-derived atrial CMs (ACMs) and ventricular CMs (VCMs) has not yet been identified. We have developed an approach for obtaining functional hiPSC-ACMs and -VCMs based on CD151 expression. For ACM differentiation, we found that ACMs are enriched in the CD151low population and that CD151 expression is correlated with the expression of Notch4 and its ligands. Furthermore, Notch signaling inhibition followed by selecting the CD151low population during atrial differentiation leads to the highly efficient generation of ACMs as evidenced by gene expression and electrophysiology. In contrast, for VCM differentiation, VCMs exhibiting a ventricular-related gene signature and uniform action potentials are enriched in the CD151high population. Our findings enable the production of high-quality ACMs and VCMs appropriate for hiPSC-derived chamber-specific disease models and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Nakanishi-Koakutsu
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kenji Miki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
- Center for Organ Engineering, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuki Naka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masako Sasaki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takayuki Wakimizu
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Stephanie C Napier
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Global Advanced Platform, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Chikako Okubo
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Megumi Narita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Misato Nishikawa
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Reo Hata
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Chonabayashi
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Imahashi
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Global Advanced Platform, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nishimoto
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Orizuru Therapeutics Incorporated, Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yoshida
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan.
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46
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Butler D, Reyes DR. Heart-on-a-chip systems: disease modeling and drug screening applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1494-1528. [PMID: 38318723 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00829k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, casting a substantial economic footprint and burdening the global healthcare system. Historically, pre-clinical CVD modeling and therapeutic screening have been performed using animal models. Unfortunately, animal models oftentimes fail to adequately mimic human physiology, leading to a poor translation of therapeutics from pre-clinical trials to consumers. Even those that make it to market can be removed due to unforeseen side effects. As such, there exists a clinical, technological, and economical need for systems that faithfully capture human (patho)physiology for modeling CVD, assessing cardiotoxicity, and evaluating drug efficacy. Heart-on-a-chip (HoC) systems are a part of the broader organ-on-a-chip paradigm that leverages microfluidics, tissue engineering, microfabrication, electronics, and gene editing to create human-relevant models for studying disease, drug-induced side effects, and therapeutic efficacy. These compact systems can be capable of real-time measurements and on-demand characterization of tissue behavior and could revolutionize the drug development process. In this review, we highlight the key components that comprise a HoC system followed by a review of contemporary reports of their use in disease modeling, drug toxicity and efficacy assessment, and as part of multi-organ-on-a-chip platforms. We also discuss future perspectives and challenges facing the field, including a discussion on the role that standardization is expected to play in accelerating the widespread adoption of these platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Butler
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Darwin R Reyes
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
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Zhang M, Lui KO, Zhou B. Application of New Lineage Tracing Techniques in Cardiovascular Development and Physiology. Circ Res 2024; 134:445-458. [PMID: 38359092 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has been the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide in the past 3 decades. Multiple cell lineages undergo dynamic alternations in gene expression, cell state determination, and cell fate conversion to contribute, adapt, and even modulate the pathophysiological processes during disease progression. There is an urgent need to understand the intricate cellular and molecular underpinnings of cardiovascular cell development in homeostasis and pathogenesis. Recent strides in lineage tracing methodologies have revolutionized our understanding of cardiovascular biology with the identification of new cellular origins, fates, plasticity, and heterogeneity within the cardiomyocyte, endothelial, and mesenchymal cell populations. In this review, we introduce the new technologies for lineage tracing of cardiovascular cells and summarize their applications in studying cardiovascular development, diseases, repair, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- MingJun Zhang
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (M.J., B.Z.)
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China (K.O.L.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (M.J., B.Z.)
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China (B.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (B.Z.)
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Hu T, Malek Mohammadi M, Ebach F, Hesse M, Kotlikoff MI, Fleischmann BK. Right ventricular cardiomyocyte expansion accompanies cardiac regeneration in newborn mice after large left ventricular infarcts. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e176281. [PMID: 38319719 PMCID: PMC11143925 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.176281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery (LCA) in the neonatal heart on postnatal day 1 (P1) resulted in large, reproducible lesions of the left ventricle (LV), and an attendant marked adaptive response in the right ventricle (RV). The response of both chambers to LV myocardial infarction involved enhanced cardiomyocyte (CM) division and binucleation, as well as LV revascularization, leading to restored heart function within 7 days post surgery (7 dps). By contrast, infarction of P3 mice resulted in cardiac scarring without a significant regenerative and adaptive response of the LV and the RV, leading to subsequent heart failure and death within 7 dps. The prominent RV myocyte expansion in P1 mice involved an acute increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and a unique gene regulatory response, leading to an increase in RV mass and preserved heart function. Thus, distinct adaptive mechanisms in the RV, such as CM proliferation and RV expansion, enable marked cardiac regeneration of the infarcted LV at P1 and full functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Hu
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Mona Malek Mohammadi
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Ebach
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hesse
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Bernd K. Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
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Buddell T, Purdy AL, Patterson M. The genetics of cardiomyocyte polyploidy. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 156:245-295. [PMID: 38556425 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The regulation of ploidy in cardiomyocytes is a complex and tightly regulated aspect of cardiac development and function. Cardiomyocyte ploidy can range from diploid (2N) to 8N or even 16N, and these states change during key stages of development and disease progression. Polyploidization has been associated with cellular hypertrophy to support normal growth of the heart, increased contractile capacity, and improved stress tolerance in the heart. Conversely, alterations to ploidy also occur during cardiac pathogenesis of diseases, such as ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure and arrhythmia. Therefore, understanding which genes control and modulate cardiomyocyte ploidy may provide mechanistic insight underlying cardiac growth, regeneration, and disease. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge regarding the genes involved in the regulation of cardiomyocyte ploidy. We discuss genes that have been directly tested for their role in cardiomyocyte polyploidization, as well as methodologies used to identify ploidy alterations. These genes encode cell cycle regulators, transcription factors, metabolic proteins, nuclear scaffolding, and components of the sarcomere, among others. The general physiological and pathological phenotypes in the heart associated with the genetic manipulations described, and how they coincide with the respective cardiomyocyte ploidy alterations, are further discussed in this chapter. In addition to being candidates for genetic-based therapies for various cardiac maladies, these genes and their functions provide insightful evidence regarding the purpose of widespread polyploidization in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Buddell
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Alexandra L Purdy
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Michaela Patterson
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
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Yang Y, Yang H, Kiskin FN, Zhang JZ. The new era of cardiovascular research: revolutionizing cardiovascular research with 3D models in a dish. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:68-85. [PMID: 38515776 PMCID: PMC10954298 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular research has heavily relied on studies using patient samples and animal models. However, patient studies often miss the data from the crucial early stage of cardiovascular diseases, as obtaining primary tissues at this stage is impracticable. Transgenic animal models can offer some insights into disease mechanisms, although they usually do not fully recapitulate the phenotype of cardiovascular diseases and their progression. In recent years, a promising breakthrough has emerged in the form of in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cardiovascular models utilizing human pluripotent stem cells. These innovative models recreate the intricate 3D structure of the human heart and vessels within a controlled environment. This advancement is pivotal as it addresses the existing gaps in cardiovascular research, allowing scientists to study different stages of cardiovascular diseases and specific drug responses using human-origin models. In this review, we first outline various approaches employed to generate these models. We then comprehensively discuss their applications in studying cardiovascular diseases by providing insights into molecular and cellular changes associated with cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we highlight the potential of these 3D models serving as a platform for drug testing to assess drug efficacy and safety. Despite their immense potential, challenges persist, particularly in maintaining the complex structure of 3D heart and vessel models and ensuring their function is comparable to real organs. However, overcoming these challenges could revolutionize cardiovascular research. It has the potential to offer comprehensive mechanistic insights into human-specific disease processes, ultimately expediting the development of personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fedir N. Kiskin
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Joe Z. Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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