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Hu Z, López-Muñoz AD, Kosik I, Li T, Callahan V, Brooks K, Yee DS, Holly J, Santos JJS, Castro Brant A, Johnson RF, Takeda K, Zheng ZM, Brenchley JM, Yewdell JW, Fox JM. Recombinant OC43 SARS-CoV-2 spike replacement virus: An improved BSL-2 proxy virus for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310421121. [PMID: 38976733 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310421121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We generated a replication-competent OC43 human seasonal coronavirus (CoV) expressing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike in place of the native spike (rOC43-CoV2 S). This virus is highly attenuated relative to OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 in cultured cells and animals and is classified as a biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) agent by the NIH biosafety committee. Neutralization of rOC43-CoV2 S and SARS-CoV-2 by S-specific monoclonal antibodies and human sera is highly correlated, unlike recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-CoV2 S. Single-dose immunization with rOC43-CoV2 S generates high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and fully protects human ACE2 transgenic mice from SARS-CoV-2 lethal challenge, despite nondetectable replication in respiratory and nonrespiratory organs. rOC43-CoV2 S induces S-specific serum and airway mucosal immunoglobulin A and IgG responses in rhesus macaques. rOC43-CoV2 S has enormous value as a BSL-2 agent to measure S-specific antibodies in the context of a bona fide CoV and is a candidate live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 mucosal vaccine that preferentially replicates in the upper airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hu
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Alberto Domingo López-Muñoz
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ivan Kosik
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tiansheng Li
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Victoria Callahan
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kelsie Brooks
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Debra S Yee
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jaroslav Holly
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jefferson J S Santos
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ayslan Castro Brant
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Reed F Johnson
- SARS-CoV-2 Virology Core, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kazuyo Takeda
- Microscopy and Imaging Core Facility, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Jason M Brenchley
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jonathan W Yewdell
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Julie M Fox
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
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2
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Li J, Xing H, Meng F, Liu T, Hong X, Han X, Dong Y, Li M, Wang Z, Zhang S, Cui C, Zheng A. Virus-Mimetic Extracellular-Vesicle Vaccine Boosts Systemic and Mucosal Immunity via Immune Recruitment. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39013102 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal vaccines can prevent viruses from infecting the respiratory mucosa, rather than only curtailing infection and protecting against the development of disease symptoms. The SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a compelling vaccine target but is undermined by suboptimal mucosal immunogenicity. Here, we report a SARS-CoV-2-mimetic extracellular-vesicle vaccine developed using genetic engineering and dendritic cell membrane budding. After mucosal immunization, the vaccine recruits antigen-presenting cells rapidly initiating a strong innate immune response. Notably, it obviates the need for adjuvants and can induce germinal center formation through both intramuscular and intratracheal vaccination. It not only elicits high levels of RBD-specific antibodies but also stimulates extensive cellular immunity in the respiratory mucosa. A sequential immunization strategy, starting with an intramuscular injection followed by an intratracheal booster, significantly bolsters mucosal immunity with high levels of IgA and tissue-resident memory T cell responses, thereby establishing a formidable defense against pseudovirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Haonan Xing
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Fan Meng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaolu Han
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuhan Dong
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zengming Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chunying Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
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3
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Kaiser JA, Nelson CE, Liu X, Park HS, Matsuoka Y, Luongo C, Santos C, Ahlers LRH, Herbert R, Moore IN, Wilder-Kofie T, Moore R, Walker A, Yang L, Munir S, Teng IT, Kwong PD, Dowdell K, Nguyen H, Kim J, Cohen JI, Johnson RF, Garza NL, Via LE, Barber DL, Buchholz UJ, Le Nouën C. Mucosal prime-boost immunization with live murine pneumonia virus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is protective in macaques. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3553. [PMID: 38670948 PMCID: PMC11053155 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47784-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunization via the respiratory route is predicted to increase the effectiveness of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Here, we evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of one or two doses of a live-attenuated murine pneumonia virus vector expressing SARS-CoV-2 prefusion-stabilized spike protein (MPV/S-2P), delivered intranasally/intratracheally to male rhesus macaques. A single dose of MPV/S-2P is highly immunogenic, and a second dose increases the magnitude and breadth of the mucosal and systemic anti-S antibody responses and increases levels of dimeric anti-S IgA in the airways. MPV/S-2P also induces S-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in the airways that differentiate into large populations of tissue-resident memory cells within a month after the boost. One dose induces substantial protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, and two doses of MPV/S-2P are fully protective against SARS-CoV-2 challenge virus replication in the airways. A prime/boost immunization with a mucosally-administered live-attenuated MPV vector could thus be highly effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn A Kaiser
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christine E Nelson
- T-Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xueqiao Liu
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hong-Su Park
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yumiko Matsuoka
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cindy Luongo
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Celia Santos
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura R H Ahlers
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Herbert
- Experimental Primate Virology Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Poolesville, MD, USA
| | - Ian N Moore
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Pathology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Temeri Wilder-Kofie
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Assurances, Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rashida Moore
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Environmental Health and Safety Office, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - April Walker
- Tuberculosis Imaging Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lijuan Yang
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shirin Munir
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - I-Ting Teng
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter D Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kennichi Dowdell
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hanh Nguyen
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - JungHyun Kim
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Cohen
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Reed F Johnson
- SARS-CoV-2 Virology Core, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicole L Garza
- SARS-CoV-2 Virology Core, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Via
- Tuberculosis Imaging Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel L Barber
- T-Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ursula J Buchholz
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Cyril Le Nouën
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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4
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Ying B, Darling TL, Desai P, Liang CY, Dmitriev IP, Soudani N, Bricker T, Kashentseva EA, Harastani H, Raju S, Liu M, Schmidt AG, Curiel DT, Boon ACM, Diamond MS. Mucosal vaccine-induced cross-reactive CD8 + T cells protect against SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 respiratory tract infection. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:537-551. [PMID: 38337035 PMCID: PMC10907304 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
A nasally delivered chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S) is currently used in India (iNCOVACC). Here, we update this vaccine by creating ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-BA.5-S, which encodes a prefusion-stabilized BA.5 spike protein. Whereas serum neutralizing antibody responses induced by monovalent or bivalent adenoviral vaccines were poor against the antigenically distant XBB.1.5 strain and insufficient to protect in passive transfer experiments, mucosal antibody and cross-reactive memory T cell responses were robust, and protection was evident against WA1/2020 D614G and Omicron variants BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 in mice and hamsters. However, depletion of memory CD8+ T cells before XBB.1.5 challenge resulted in loss of protection against upper and lower respiratory tract infection. Thus, nasally delivered vaccines stimulate mucosal immunity against emerging SARS-CoV-2 strains, and cross-reactive memory CD8+ T cells mediate protection against lung infection by antigenically distant strains in the setting of low serum levels of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoling Ying
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tamarand L Darling
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pritesh Desai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chieh-Yu Liang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Igor P Dmitriev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nadia Soudani
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Traci Bricker
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elena A Kashentseva
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Houda Harastani
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Saravanan Raju
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meizi Liu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aaron G Schmidt
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Curiel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Adrianus C M Boon
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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5
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Sinha D, Yaugel-Novoa M, Waeckel L, Paul S, Longet S. Unmasking the potential of secretory IgA and its pivotal role in protection from respiratory viruses. Antiviral Res 2024; 223:105823. [PMID: 38331200 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal immunity has regained its spotlight amidst the ongoing Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, with numerous studies highlighting the crucial role of mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) in protection against Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 or SARS-CoV-2 infections. The observed limitations in the efficacy of currently authorized COVID-19 vaccines in inducing effective mucosal immune responses remind us of the limitations of systemic vaccination in promoting protective mucosal immunity. This resurgence of interest has motivated the development of vaccine platforms capable of enhancing mucosal responses, specifically the SIgA response, and the development of IgA-based therapeutics. Recognizing viral respiratory infections as a global threat, we would like to comprehensively review the existing knowledge on mucosal immunity, with a particular emphasis on SIgA, in the context of SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infections. This review aims to describe the structural and functional specificities of SIgA, along with its nuanced role in combating influenza, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Subsequent sections further elaborate promising vaccine strategies, including mucosal vaccines against Influenza, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses, currently undergoing preclinical and clinical development. Additionally, we address the challenges associated with mucosal vaccine development, concluding with a discussion on IgA-based therapeutics as a promising platform for the treatment of viral respiratory infections. This comprehensive review not only synthesizes current insights into mucosal immunity but also identifies critical knowledge gaps, strengthening the way for further advancements in our current understanding and approaches to combat respiratory viral threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sinha
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Melyssa Yaugel-Novoa
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France; Immunology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, F42055, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France; Immunology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, F42055, Saint-Etienne, France; CIC 1408 Inserm Vaccinology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, F42055, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Stéphanie Longet
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
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6
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Gordy JT, Hui Y, Schill C, Wang T, Chen F, Fessler K, Meza J, Li Y, Taylor AD, Bates RE, Karakousis PC, Pekosz A, Sachithanandham J, Li M, Karanika S, Markham RB. A SARS-CoV-2 RBD vaccine fused to the chemokine MIP-3α elicits sustained murine antibody responses over 12 months and enhanced lung T-cell responses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1292059. [PMID: 38370404 PMCID: PMC10870766 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1292059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated enhanced efficacy of vaccine formulations that incorporate the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 3α (MIP-3α) to direct vaccine antigens to immature dendritic cells. To address the reduction in vaccine efficacy associated with a mutation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mutants, we have examined the ability of receptor-binding domain vaccines incorporating MIP-3α to sustain higher concentrations of antibody when administered intramuscularly (IM) and to more effectively elicit lung T-cell responses when administered intranasally (IN). Methods BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were immunized intramuscularly or intranasally with DNA vaccine constructs consisting of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain alone or fused to the chemokine MIP-3α. In a small-scale (n = 3/group) experiment, mice immunized IM with electroporation were followed up for serum antibody concentrations over a period of 1 year and for bronchoalveolar antibody levels at the termination of the study. Following IN immunization with unencapsulated plasmid DNA (n = 6/group), mice were evaluated at 11 weeks for serum antibody concentrations, quantities of T cells in the lungs, and IFN-γ- and TNF-α-expressing antigen-specific T cells in the lungs and spleen. Results At 12 months postprimary vaccination, recipients of the IM vaccine incorporating MIP-3α had significantly, approximately threefold, higher serum antibody concentrations than recipients of the vaccine not incorporating MIP-3α. The area-under-the-curve analyses of the 12-month observation interval demonstrated significantly greater antibody concentrations over time in recipients of the MIP-3α vaccine formulation. At 12 months postprimary immunization, only recipients of the fusion vaccine had concentrations of serum-neutralizing activity deemed to be effective. After intranasal immunization, only recipients of the MIP-3α vaccine formulations developed T-cell responses in the lungs significantly above those of PBS controls. Low levels of serum antibody responses were obtained following IN immunization. Conclusion Although requiring separate IM and IN immunizations for optimal immunization, incorporating MIP-3α in a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine construct demonstrated the potential of a stable and easily produced vaccine formulation to provide the extended antibody and T-cell responses that may be required for protection in the setting of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Without electroporation, simple, uncoated plasmid DNA incorporating MIP-3α administered intranasally elicited lung T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Tristan Gordy
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yinan Hui
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Courtney Schill
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tianyin Wang
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Fengyixin Chen
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Fessler
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jacob Meza
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yangchen Li
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alannah D. Taylor
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rowan E. Bates
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Petros C. Karakousis
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jaiprasath Sachithanandham
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maggie Li
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Styliani Karanika
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard B. Markham
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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7
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Cankat S, Demael MU, Swadling L. In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine: next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:103-118. [PMID: 38148330 PMCID: PMC10805787 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent history. In this review, we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus family. We will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV-OC43, NL63, HKU1 and 229E) in humans and the potential for future zoonotic coronaviruses. We will highlight how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine design. We will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer cross-protection. Finally, we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cankat
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Pears Building, London, NW3 2PP, UK
| | - M U Demael
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Pears Building, London, NW3 2PP, UK
| | - L Swadling
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Pears Building, London, NW3 2PP, UK.
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8
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Kaiser JA, Liu X, Luongo C, Matsuoka Y, Santos C, Yang L, Herbert R, Castens A, Dorward DW, Johnson RF, Park HS, Afroz S, Munir S, Le Nouën C, Buchholz UJ. Intranasal murine pneumonia virus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces mucosal and serum antibodies in macaques. iScience 2023; 26:108490. [PMID: 38144450 PMCID: PMC10746510 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are needed that induce systemic and mucosal immunity. Murine pneumonia virus (MPV), a murine homolog of respiratory syncytial virus, is attenuated by host-range restriction in nonhuman primates and has a tropism for the respiratory tract. We generated MPV vectors expressing the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (MPV/S) or its prefusion-stabilized form (MPV/S-2P). Both vectors replicated similarly in cell culture and stably expressed S. However, only S-2P was associated with MPV particles. After intranasal/intratracheal immunization of rhesus macaques, MPV/S and MPV/S-2P replicated to low levels in the airways. Despite its low-level replication, MPV/S-2P induced high levels of mucosal and serum IgG and IgA to SARS-CoV-2 S or its receptor-binding domain. Serum antibodies from MPV/S-2P-immunized animals efficiently inhibited ACE2 receptor binding to S proteins of variants of concern. Based on its attenuation and immunogenicity in macaques, MPV/S-2P will be further evaluated as a live-attenuated vaccine for intranasal immunization against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn A. Kaiser
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xueqiao Liu
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cindy Luongo
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yumiko Matsuoka
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Celia Santos
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lijuan Yang
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard Herbert
- Experimental Primate Virology Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Poolesville, MD 20837, USA
| | - Ashley Castens
- Experimental Primate Virology Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Poolesville, MD 20837, USA
| | - David W. Dorward
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Reed F. Johnson
- SARS-CoV-2 Virology Core, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hong-Su Park
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sharmin Afroz
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shirin Munir
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cyril Le Nouën
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ursula J. Buchholz
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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9
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Zhang QY, Zhang HQ, Zhang YN, Zhang ZR, Li XD, Hao MC, Zhang Y, Li JQ, Hu YY, Chen XL, Wang J, Shi YJ, Deng CL, Chen JJ, Ye HQ, Zhang B. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)-based vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron by intranasal immunization. Antiviral Res 2023; 220:105757. [PMID: 37984567 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite global vaccination efforts, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to evolve and spread globally. Currently, the development of affordable vaccine against Omicron variant of concern (VOC) is necessary. Here, we assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine consisting of a live Newcastle disease virus vector expressing the spike (S) protein of Omicron BA.1 administrated intranasally (IN) or intramuscularly (IM) in Golden Syrian hamster model. Immunogenicity studies showed that the prime-boost regimen elicited high antibody titers and the modified S antigen (Sm-F) could induce robust antibody response in low dosage immunization through IN route. Sera of the immunized hamsters provided effective cross-neutralizing activity against different Omicron variants, the prototype and delta strains of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the vaccine could provide complete immunoprotection in hamsters against the Omicron BA.1 challenge by either intranasal or intramuscular immunization. Overall, our study provides an alternative nasal vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe-Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Li
- Hunan Normal University, School of Medicine, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Meng-Chan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan-Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu-Jia Shi
- Hunan Normal University, School of Medicine, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Han-Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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10
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Ye T, Jiao Z, Li X, He Z, Li Y, Yang F, Zhao X, Wang Y, Huang W, Qin M, Feng Y, Qiu Y, Yang W, Hu L, Hu Y, Zhai Y, Wang E, Yu D, Wang S, Yue H, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhu L, Ma G, Wei W. Inhaled SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for single-dose dry powder aerosol immunization. Nature 2023; 624:630-638. [PMID: 38093012 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has fostered major advances in vaccination technologies1-4; however, there are urgent needs for vaccines that induce mucosal immune responses and for single-dose, non-invasive administration4-6. Here we develop an inhalable, single-dose, dry powder aerosol SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that induces potent systemic and mucosal immune responses. The vaccine encapsulates assembled nanoparticles comprising proteinaceous cholera toxin B subunits displaying the SARS-CoV-2 RBD antigen within microcapsules of optimal aerodynamic size, and this unique nano-micro coupled structure supports efficient alveoli delivery, sustained antigen release and antigen-presenting cell uptake, which are favourable features for the induction of immune responses. Moreover, this vaccine induces strong production of IgG and IgA, as well as a local T cell response, collectively conferring effective protection against SARS-CoV-2 in mice, hamsters and nonhuman primates. Finally, we also demonstrate a mosaic iteration of the vaccine that co-displays ancestral and Omicron antigens, extending the breadth of antibody response against co-circulating strains and transmission of the Omicron variant. These findings support the use of this inhaled vaccine as a promising multivalent platform for fighting COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouguang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanlong He
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Fengmei Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yingmei Feng
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yefeng Qiu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yaling Hu
- Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhai
- Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Di Yu
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Ian Frazer Centre for Children's Immunotherapy Research, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hengliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China.
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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11
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Gagne M, Flynn BJ, Andrew SF, Flebbe DR, Mychalowych A, Lamb E, Davis-Gardner ME, Burnett MR, Serebryannyy LA, Lin BC, Pessaint L, Todd JPM, Ziff ZE, Maule E, Carroll R, Naisan M, Jethmalani Y, Case JB, Dmitriev IP, Kashentseva EA, Ying B, Dodson A, Kouneski K, Doria-Rose NA, O'Dell S, Godbole S, Laboune F, Henry AR, Marquez J, Teng IT, Wang L, Zhou Q, Wali B, Ellis M, Zouantchangadou S, Ry AV, Lewis MG, Andersen H, Kwong PD, Curiel DT, Foulds KE, Nason MC, Suthar MS, Roederer M, Diamond MS, Douek DC, Seder RA. Mucosal Adenoviral-vectored Vaccine Boosting Durably Prevents XBB.1.16 Infection in Nonhuman Primates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.06.565765. [PMID: 37986823 PMCID: PMC10659340 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.06.565765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Waning immunity and continued virus evolution have limited the durability of protection from symptomatic infection mediated by intramuscularly (IM)-delivered mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 although protection from severe disease remains high. Mucosal vaccination has been proposed as a strategy to increase protection at the site of SARS-CoV-2 infection by enhancing airway immunity, potentially reducing rates of infection and transmission. Here, we compared protection against XBB.1.16 virus challenge 5 months following IM or mucosal boosting in non-human primates (NHP) that had previously received a two-dose mRNA-1273 primary vaccine regimen. The mucosal boost was composed of a bivalent chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored vaccine encoding for both SARS-CoV-2 WA1 and BA.5 spike proteins (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S) and delivered either by an intranasal mist or an inhaled aerosol. An additional group of animals was boosted by the IM route with bivalent WA1/BA.5 spike-matched mRNA (mRNA-1273.222) as a benchmark control. NHP were challenged in the upper and lower airways 18 weeks after boosting with XBB.1.16, a heterologous Omicron lineage strain. Cohorts boosted with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S by an aerosolized or intranasal route had low to undetectable virus replication as assessed by levels of subgenomic SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the lungs and nose, respectively. In contrast, animals that received the mRNA-1273.222 boost by the IM route showed minimal protection against virus replication in the upper airway but substantial reduction of virus RNA levels in the lower airway. Immune analysis showed that the mucosal vaccines elicited more durable antibody and T cell responses than the IM vaccine. Protection elicited by the aerosolized vaccine was associated with mucosal IgG and IgA responses, whereas protection elicited by intranasal delivery was mediated primarily by mucosal IgA. Thus, durable immunity and effective protection against a highly transmissible heterologous variant in both the upper and lower airways can be achieved by mucosal delivery of a virus-vectored vaccine. Our study provides a template for the development of mucosal vaccines that limit infection and transmission against respiratory pathogens. Graphical abstract
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12
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Ramasamy R. COVID-19 Vaccines for Optimizing Immunity in the Upper Respiratory Tract. Viruses 2023; 15:2203. [PMID: 38005881 PMCID: PMC10674974 DOI: 10.3390/v15112203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid development and deployment of vaccines greatly reduced mortality and morbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most widely used COVID-19 vaccines approved by national regulatory authorities require intramuscular administration. SARS-CoV-2 initially infects the upper respiratory tract, where the infection can be eliminated with little or no symptoms by an effective immune response. Failure to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract results in lower respiratory tract infections that can lead to severe disease and death. Presently used intramuscularly administered COVID-19 vaccines are effective in reducing severe disease and mortality, but are not entirely able to prevent asymptomatic and mild infections as well as person-to-person transmission of the virus. Individual and population differences also influence susceptibility to infection and the propensity to develop severe disease. This article provides a perspective on the nature and the mode of delivery of COVID-19 vaccines that can optimize protective immunity in the upper respiratory tract to reduce infections and virus transmission as well as severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Ramasamy
- ID-FISH Technology Inc., 556 Gibraltar Drive, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA
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13
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Tyagi R, Basu S, Dhar A, Gupta S, Gupta SL, Jaiswal RK. Role of Immunoglobulin A in COVID-19 and Influenza Infections. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1647. [PMID: 38005979 PMCID: PMC10675305 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is critical in the immune response against respiratory infections like COVID-19 and influenza [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Tyagi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Srijani Basu
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Atika Dhar
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Suman Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | | | - Rishi K. Jaiswal
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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14
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Buchholz U, Kaiser J, Nelson C, Liu X, Park HS, Matsuoka Y, Luongo C, Santos C, Ahlers L, Herbert R, Moore I, Wilder-Kofie T, Moore R, Walker A, Lijuan Y, Munir S, Teng IT, Kwong P, Dowdell K, Nguyen H, Kim J, Cohen J, Johnson RF, Garza N, Via L, Barber D, LE Nouen C. Mucosal prime-boost immunization with live murine pneumonia virus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is protective in macaques. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3278289. [PMID: 37790295 PMCID: PMC10543296 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3278289/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunization via the respiratory route is predicted to increase the effectiveness of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. We evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of one or two doses of a live-attenuated murine pneumonia virus vector expressing SARS-CoV-2 prefusion-stabilized spike protein (MPV/S-2P), delivered intranasally/intratracheally to rhesus macaques. A single dose of MPV/S-2P was highly immunogenic, and a second dose increased the magnitude and breadth of the mucosal and systemic anti-S antibody responses and increased levels of dimeric anti-S IgA in the airways. MPV/S-2P also induced S-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in the airways that differentiated into large populations of tissue-resident memory cells within a month after the boost. One dose induced substantial protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, and two doses of MPV/S-2P were fully protective against SARS-CoV-2 challenge virus replication in the airways. A prime/boost immunization with a mucosally-administered live-attenuated MPV vector could thus be highly effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christine Nelson
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
| | - Xueqiao Liu
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shirin Munir
- RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Barber
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
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15
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Lee B, Nanishi E, Levy O, Dowling DJ. Precision Vaccinology Approaches for the Development of Adjuvanted Vaccines Targeted to Distinct Vulnerable Populations. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1766. [PMID: 37376214 PMCID: PMC10305121 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection persists as one of the leading global causes of morbidity and mortality, with particular burden at the extremes of age and in populations who are immunocompromised or suffer chronic co-morbid diseases. By focusing discovery and innovation efforts to better understand the phenotypic and mechanistic differences in the immune systems of diverse vulnerable populations, emerging research in precision vaccine discovery and development has explored how to optimize immunizations across the lifespan. Here, we focus on two key elements of precision vaccinology, as applied to epidemic/pandemic response and preparedness, including (a) selecting robust combinations of adjuvants and antigens, and (b) coupling these platforms with appropriate formulation systems. In this context, several considerations exist, including the intended goals of immunization (e.g., achieving immunogenicity versus lessening transmission), reducing the likelihood of adverse reactogenicity, and optimizing the route of administration. Each of these considerations is accompanied by several key challenges. On-going innovation in precision vaccinology will expand and target the arsenal of vaccine components for protection of vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branden Lee
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.L.); (E.N.); (O.L.)
| | - Etsuro Nanishi
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.L.); (E.N.); (O.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.L.); (E.N.); (O.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David J. Dowling
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.L.); (E.N.); (O.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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16
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Ying B, Darling TL, Desai P, Liang CY, Dmitriev IP, Soudani N, Bricker T, Kashentseva EA, Harastani H, Schmidt AG, Curiel DT, Boon AC, Diamond MS. A bivalent ChAd nasal vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 infection and disease in mice and hamsters. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.04.539332. [PMID: 37205450 PMCID: PMC10187308 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.04.539332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We previously described a nasally delivered monovalent adenoviral-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S, targeting Wuhan-1 spike [S]; iNCOVACC®) that is currently used in India as a primary or booster immunization. Here, we updated the mucosal vaccine for Omicron variants by creating ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-BA.5-S, which encodes for a pre-fusion and surface-stabilized S protein of the BA.5 strain, and then tested monovalent and bivalent vaccines for efficacy against circulating variants including BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5. Whereas monovalent ChAd-vectored vaccines effectively induced systemic and mucosal antibody responses against matched strains, the bivalent ChAd-vectored vaccine elicited greater breadth. However, serum neutralizing antibody responses induced by both monovalent and bivalent vaccines were poor against the antigenically distant XBB.1.5 Omicron strain and did not protect in passive transfer experiments. Nonetheless, nasally delivered bivalent ChAd-vectored vaccines induced robust antibody and spike-specific memory T cell responses in the respiratory mucosa, and conferred protection against WA1/2020 D614G and Omicron variants BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of both mice and hamsters. Our data suggest that a nasally delivered bivalent adenoviral-vectored vaccine induces protective mucosal and systemic immunity against historical and emerging SARS-CoV-2 strains without requiring high levels of serum neutralizing antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoling Ying
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tamarand L. Darling
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Pritesh Desai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Chieh-Yu Liang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Igor P. Dmitriev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nadia Soudani
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Traci Bricker
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Elena A. Kashentseva
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Houda Harastani
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Aaron G. Schmidt
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David T. Curiel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Adrianus C.M. Boon
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky the Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky the Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Wang S, Liang B, Wang W, Li L, Feng N, Zhao Y, Wang T, Yan F, Yang S, Xia X. Viral vectored vaccines: design, development, preventive and therapeutic applications in human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:149. [PMID: 37029123 PMCID: PMC10081433 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and distribution of novel prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines are the prioritized countermeasures of human disease. Among all vaccine platforms, viral vector vaccines offer distinguished advantages and represent prominent choices for pathogens that have hampered control efforts based on conventional vaccine approaches. Currently, viral vector vaccines remain one of the best strategies for induction of robust humoral and cellular immunity against human diseases. Numerous viruses of different families and origins, including vesicular stomatitis virus, rabies virus, parainfluenza virus, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, influenza virus, adenovirus and poxvirus, are deemed to be prominent viral vectors that differ in structural characteristics, design strategy, antigen presentation capability, immunogenicity and protective efficacy. This review summarized the overall profile of the design strategies, progress in advance and steps taken to address barriers to the deployment of these viral vector vaccines, simultaneously highlighting their potential for mucosal delivery, therapeutic application in cancer as well as other key aspects concerning the rational application of these viral vector vaccines. Appropriate and accurate technological advances in viral vector vaccines would consolidate their position as a leading approach to accelerate breakthroughs in novel vaccines and facilitate a rapid response to public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Li
- China National Research Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Feng
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Feihu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Songtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
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Zhang Y, Lu M, Thongpan I, Xu J, Kc M, Dravid P, Trivedi S, Sharma H, Liang X, Kapoor A, Peeples ME, Li J. Recombinant measles virus expressing prefusion spike protein stabilized by six rather than two prolines is more efficacious against SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28687. [PMID: 36941778 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Measles virus (MeV) has been an excellent vector platform for delivering vaccines against many pathogens because of its high safety and efficacy, and induction of long-lived immunity. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, a recombinant MeV (rMeV) expressing the prefusion full-length spike protein stabilized by two prolines (TMV-083) was developed and tested in phase 1 and 1/2 clinical trials but was discontinued because of insufficient immunogenicity and a low seroconversion rate in adults. Here, we compared the immunogenicity of rMeV expressing a soluble prefusion spike (preS) protein stabilized by two prolines (rMeV-preS-2P) with a rMeV expressing a soluble preS protein stabilized by six prolines (rMeV-preS-6P). We found that rMeV-preS-6P expressed approximately five times more preS than rMeV-preS-2P in cell culture. Importantly, rMeV-preS-6P induced 30-60 and six times more serum immunoglobulin G and neutralizing antibody than rMeV-preS-2P, respectively, in IFNAR-/- mice. IFNAR-/- mice immunized with rMeV-preS-6P were completely protected from challenge with a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2, whereas those immunized with rMeV-preS-2P were partially protected. In addition, hamsters immunized with rMeV-preS-6P were completely protected from the challenge with a Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. Our results demonstrate that rMeV-preS-6P is significantly more efficacious than rMeV-preS-2P, highlighting the value of using preS-6P as the antigen for developing vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiu Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mijia Lu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ilada Thongpan
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jiayu Xu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mahesh Kc
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Piyush Dravid
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sheetal Trivedi
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xueya Liang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Amit Kapoor
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark E Peeples
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jianrong Li
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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19
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Painter MM, Johnston TS, Lundgreen KA, Santos JJS, Qin JS, Goel RR, Apostolidis SA, Mathew D, Fulmer B, Williams JC, McKeague ML, Pattekar A, Goode A, Nasta S, Baxter AE, Giles JR, Skelly AN, Felley LE, McLaughlin M, Weaver J, Kuthuru O, Dougherty J, Adamski S, Long S, Kee M, Clendenin C, da Silva Antunes R, Grifoni A, Weiskopf D, Sette A, Huang AC, Rader DJ, Hensley SE, Bates P, Greenplate AR, Wherry EJ. Prior vaccination enhances immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection with early activation of memory T cells followed by production of potent neutralizing antibodies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.05.527215. [PMID: 36798171 PMCID: PMC9934532 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.05.527215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection of vaccinated individuals is increasingly common but rarely results in severe disease, likely due to the enhanced potency and accelerated kinetics of memory immune responses. However, there have been few opportunities to rigorously study early recall responses during human viral infection. To better understand human immune memory and identify potential mediators of lasting vaccine efficacy, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry and SARS-CoV-2 antigen probes to examine immune responses in longitudinal samples from vaccinated individuals infected during the Omicron wave. These studies revealed heightened Spike-specific responses during infection of vaccinated compared to unvaccinated individuals. Spike-specific CD4 T cells and plasmablasts expanded and CD8 T cells were robustly activated during the first week. In contrast, memory B cell activation, neutralizing antibody production, and primary responses to non-Spike antigens occurred during the second week. Collectively, these data demonstrate the functionality of vaccine-primed immune memory and highlight memory T cells as rapid responders during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M Painter
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy S Johnston
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kendall A Lundgreen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jefferson J S Santos
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juliana S Qin
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rishi R Goel
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sokratis A Apostolidis
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Divij Mathew
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bria Fulmer
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Justine C Williams
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michelle L McKeague
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ajinkya Pattekar
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ahmad Goode
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sean Nasta
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashwin N Skelly
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura E Felley
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maura McLaughlin
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joellen Weaver
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Oliva Kuthuru
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeanette Dougherty
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharon Adamski
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sherea Long
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Macy Kee
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cynthia Clendenin
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ricardo da Silva Antunes
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI); La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander C Huang
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott E Hensley
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allison R Greenplate
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA, USA
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20
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Liu X, Park HS, Matsuoka Y, Santos C, Yang L, Luongo C, Moore IN, Johnson RF, Garza NL, Zhang P, Lusso P, Best SM, Buchholz UJ, Nouën CL. Live-attenuated pediatric parainfluenza vaccine expressing 6P-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is protective against SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.12.12.520032. [PMID: 36561185 PMCID: PMC9774222 DOI: 10.1101/2022.12.12.520032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pediatric live-attenuated bovine/human parainfluenza virus type 3 (B/HPIV3)-vectored vaccine expressing the prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein (B/HPIV3/S-2P) was previously evaluated in vitro and in hamsters. To improve its immunogenicity, we generated B/HPIV3/S-6P, expressing S further stabilized with 6 proline mutations (S-6P). Intranasal immunization of hamsters with B/HPIV3/S-6P reproducibly elicited significantly higher serum anti-S IgA/IgG titers than B/HPIV3/S-2P; hamster sera efficiently neutralized variants of concern (VoCs), including Omicron variants. B/HPIV3/S-2P and B/HPIV3/S-6P immunization protected hamsters against weight loss and lung inflammation following SARS-CoV-2 challenge with the vaccine-matched strain WA1/2020 or VoCs B.1.1.7/Alpha or B.1.351/Beta and induced near-sterilizing immunity. Three weeks post-challenge, B/HPIV3/S-2P- and B/HPIV3/S-6P-immunized hamsters exhibited a robust anamnestic serum antibody response with increased neutralizing potency to VoCs, including Omicron sublineages. B/HPIV3/S-6P primed for stronger anamnestic antibody responses after challenge with WA1/2020 than B/HPIV3/S-2P. B/HPIV3/S-6P will be evaluated as an intranasal vaccine to protect infants against both HPIV3 and SARS-CoV-2. AUTHOR SUMMARY SARS-CoV-2 infects and causes disease in all age groups. While injectable SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are effective against severe COVID-19, they do not fully prevent SARS-CoV-2 replication and transmission. This study describes the preclinical comparison in hamsters of B/HPIV3/S-2P and B/HPIV3/S-6P, live-attenuated pediatric vector vaccine candidates expressing the "2P" prefusion stabilized version of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, or the further-stabilized "6P" version. B/HPIV3/S-6P induced significantly stronger anti-S serum IgA and IgG responses than B/HPIV3/S-2P. A single intranasal immunization with B/HPIV3/S-6P elicited broad systemic antibody responses in hamsters that efficiently neutralized the vaccine-matched isolate as well as variants of concern, including Omicron. B/HPIV3/S-6P immunization induced near-complete airway protection against the vaccine-matched SARS-CoV-2 isolate as well as two variants. Furthermore, following SARS-CoV-2 challenge, immunized hamsters exhibited strong anamnestic serum antibody responses. Based on these data, B/HPIV3/S-6P will be further evaluated in a phase I study.
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