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Keum SH, Kim WS, Ghassemi Nejad J, Lee JS, Jo YH, Park KY, Kim YR, Jo JH, Lee HG. Evaluation of the Feed Nutritional Value of Noni ( Morinda citrifolia) Meal for Holstein Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172196. [PMID: 36077915 PMCID: PMC9455032 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In three consecutive studies, we evaluated the effects of noni (Morinda citrifolia) meal on rumen fermentation and degradation characteristics, production performance, physiological parameters, and milk fatty acid profile in Holstein dairy cows. In in vitro (first study) and in situ (second study) experiments, rumen fluids from two fistulated Holstein dairy cows were used. The concentration of noni meal added was 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, or 7% of the basal diet (DM basis). In the in situ experiment, wheat bran was used as a control. Triplicated bags were incubated for 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, or 96 h. In an in vivo experiment (third study), 38 Holstein cows (145 ± 87 days DIM; 1.8 ± 0.9 parity; 35.4 ± 6.3 kg/day milk yield) were equally assigned to the control and treatment groups (19 cows each). Basal feed and noni meal pellets (1.5% of total feed DM basis) were fed to the treatment group. The control group was also fed the basal feed and pellets containing 0% noni meal. There were no significant differences in in vitro dry matter digestibility, pH, total gas production (TGP), CH4, NH3-N, and volatile fatty acids (p > 0.05). In the in situ experiments, the crude protein (CP) rapidly soluble fraction ‘a’ (CP-a) was higher in noni meal than in wheat bran, and rumen degradable protein was also higher in noni meal than in wheat bran. In the in vivo experiments, when noni meal pellets were fed, there was no significant difference in milk yield and composition, but the triglyceride levels decreased (p < 0.05), the C18:1 fatty acid level increased (p < 0.05), and the C18:0 fatty acid level decreased (p < 0.05). Collectively, noni meal can be used as a feed ingredient up to 1.5% (total feed DM basis) in Holstein dairy cows and as feed supplementation to increase the C18:1 fatty acid level in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hoon Keum
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Won-Seob Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Jae-Sung Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Jo
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Ki-Yeon Park
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yoo-Rae Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jang-Hoon Jo
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hong-Gu Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-0523
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Traditional Knowledge of Medicinal Plants Used in the Northeastern Part of Morocco. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6002949. [PMID: 34512779 PMCID: PMC8426073 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6002949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of the plants that are used may provide insight on their properties for further exploration. This study aimed to identify and collect data about medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by the population of the provincial region of Taza, Morocco. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out among 200 informants, competent villagers, herbalists, and traditional healers from the provincial region of Taza city through direct interviews using a structured questionnaire. The survey reported 55 plant species belonging to 28 families used in the folk medicine. Informants' results showed that the most frequently used plants were Origanum compactum, Mentha pulegium, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Aloysia citrodora, Calamintha officinalis Moench, and Artemisia herba-alba Asso., with a relative frequency of citation of 76%, 72%, 60%, 42%, 40%, and 30%, respectively. Moreover, in this study, the Lamiaceae family was the most commonly reported plant family, and the leaves were the most frequently used parts of the plants; otherwise, decoction and infusion were the most used modes in the preparation of remedies from medicinal plants in the traditional medicine. The sociodemographic characteristics showed that women use medicinal plants slightly more than men, the illiterate people use the medicinal plant the most, and old people have more information about the medicinal plants than the new generations. The region of Taza of Morocco has an important floristic biodiversity of medicinal plants which are used in traditional medicine practice. This result provides a good database for pharmacological screening in the search for new plants that can contain new bioactive molecules that can be used as a bioactive ingredient of medicament or as a biological alternative in pharmacology.
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Khouchlaa A, El Menyiy N, Guaouguaou FE, El Baaboua A, Charfi S, Lakhdar F, El Omari N, Taha D, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, El-Shazly M, Bouyahya A. Ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Daphne gnidium: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 275:114124. [PMID: 33865924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Daphne gnidium L., (Lazaz or Metnan) is a perennial plant that grows around the Mediterranean basin, in Southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. It is used in different countries for hair care and to treat several diseases including skin cancer, diabetes, nervous breakdowns, sinusitis, poisoning, rheumatic disorders, odontalgia, muscular pain, and gastrointestinal infections. It is also used as anti-inflammatory, insecticide, and anti-parasitic remedy. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, previous studies on D. gnidium including its botanical description, taxonomy, geographical distribution, medicinal use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties were critically highlighted and discussed for suggesting the exploration of this specie and its bioactive compounds in medical applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on D. gnidium were gathered from Scientific search engines including PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, SciFinder, and Google Scholar. Reports on D. gnidium written in English published before September 2020 were summarized. RESULTS In traditional medicine, D. gnidium is used to treat diabetes, gastrointestinal infections, skin cancer, nervous breakdowns, and sinusitis. The extracts and essential oil of D. gnidium exhibited several biological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antigenotoxic, hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, allelopathic, and insecticidal effects. Phytochemical investigations identified several chemical classes of secondary metabolites in D. gnidium essential oil and extracts including terpenoids, coumarins, flavonoids, fatty acids, and alkanes. CONCLUSIONS The findings presented in this study showed a link between the traditional medicinal use and scientific biological results about D. gnidium. However, further investigations should be carried out to support medical and cosmetic applications of this species. Indeed, D. gnidium and its main compounds should be confirmed concerning their safety and their bioavailability. Moreover, pharmacodynamic studies should be conducted to support their efficacy in medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Khouchlaa
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Fatima-Ezzahrae Guaouguaou
- Mohammed V University in Rabat, LPCMIO, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Saoulajan Charfi
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Fatima Lakhdar
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, BP 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Department of Technology of Food Production, K.G. Razumoysky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University) 109004, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian, Academy of Sciences, 109029, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Naasri S, Helali I, Aouni M, Mastouri M, Harizi H. N-acetylcysteine reduced the immunotoxicity effects induced in vitro by azoxystrobin and iprodione fungicides in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:562-571. [PMID: 33226166 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin (AZO) and Iprodione (IPR) fungicides are extensively used worldwide, and therefore, contaminate all environmental compartments. The toxicity and the mechanisms by which they affected immune cells are complex and remain unknown. This study investigated the impact of AZO and IPR on the in vitro function of mice peritoneal macrophages including lysosomal enzyme activity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and nitric oxide (NO) production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, the proliferation of mice splenocytes stimulated by concanavalin (Con)A and LPS, and the production of the Th1cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 by ConA-activated splenocytes. This is the first report indicating that AZO and IPR fungicides dose-dependently inhibited mice macrophage lysosomal enzyme activity and LPS-stimulated production of TNFα and NO. Mitogen-induced proliferation of mice splenocytes was also suppressed by AZO and IPR in a dose-dependent manner. More pronounced impact was observed on ConA-induced response. The production of IFNγ by ConA-stimulated splenocytes was dose-dependently inhibited; however, the production of IL-4 and IL-10 increased in the same conditions. These results suggested that AZO and IPR polarized Th1/Th2 cytokine balance towards Th2 response. Overall, marked immunosuppressive effects were observed for AZO. The immunomodulatory effects caused by AZO and IPR were partially reversed by the pharmacological antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting that both fungicides exerted their actions through, at least in part, oxidative stress-dependent mechanism. Collectively, our data showed that AZO and IPR fungicides exerted potent immunomodulatory effects in vitro with eventually strong consequences on immune response and immunologically based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Naasri
- Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imen Helali
- Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Majoub Aouni
- Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Harizi
- Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Ahmad S, Zahiruddin S, Parveen B, Basist P, Parveen A, Gaurav, Parveen R, Ahmad M. Indian Medicinal Plants and Formulations and Their Potential Against COVID-19-Preclinical and Clinical Research. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:578970. [PMID: 33737875 PMCID: PMC7962606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.578970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cases of COVID-19 are still increasing day-by-day worldwide, even after a year of its first occurrence in Wuhan city of China. The spreading of SARS-CoV-2 infection is very fast and different from other SARS-CoV infections possibly due to structural differences in S proteins. The patients with severe diseases may die due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by systemic inflammatory reactions due to the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by the immune effector cells. In India too, it is spreading very rapidly, although the case fatality rate is below 1.50% (https://www.statista.com), which is markedly less than in other countries, despite the dense population and minimal health infrastructure in rural areas. This may be due to the routine use of many immunomodulator medicinal plants and traditional AYUSH formulations by the Indian people. This communication reviews the AYUSH recommended formulations and their ingredients, routinely used medicinal plants and formulations by Indian population as well as other promising Indian medicinal plants, which can be tested against COVID-19. Special emphasis is placed on Indian medicinal plants reported for antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti-allergic/anti-inflammatory activities and they are categorized for prioritization in research on the basis of earlier reports. The traditional AYUSH medicines currently under clinical trials against COVID-19 are also discussed as well as furtherance of pre-clinical and clinical testing of the potential traditional medicines against COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2. The results of the clinical studies on AYUSH drugs will guide the policymakers from the AYUSH systems of medicines to maneuver their policies for public health, provide information to the global scientific community and could form a platform for collaborative studies at national and global levels. It is thereby suggested that promising AYUSH formulations and Indian medicinal plants must be investigated on a priority basis to solve the current crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
| | - Parakh Basist
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
| | - Abida Parveen
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Minhaj Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India
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Sassi A, Mokdad Bzéouich I, Mustapha N, Maatouk M, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Immunomodulatory potential of hesperetin and chrysin through the cellular and humoral response. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:91-96. [PMID: 28690190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenols frequently consumed in the diet they have been suggested to exert a number of beneficial actions on human health, including anti-inflammatory activity. This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of two flavonoids, Chrysin and Hesperetin. The effects of flavonoids on B and T cell proliferation were assessed on splenocytes stimulated or not with mitogens. However, their effects on cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activities were assessed in splenocytes co-incubated with target cells. We report for the first time that both tested flavonoids enhance lymphocyte proliferation at 3.12μM. Chrysin significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lectin stimulated splenocyte proliferation. Whereas, hesperetin enhanced LPS and lectin stimulated splenocyte proliferation. In addition, both flavonoids significantly enhance NK cell and CTL activities. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that depending on the concentrations, flavonoid molecules affect macrophage functions by modulating their lysosomal activity and nitric oxide (NO) release, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect. We conclude that flavonoids such as chrysin and hesperetin may be potentially useful for modulating immune cell functions in physiological and pathological conditions and thus a good candidate as food addition component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aïcha Sassi
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 », Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imen Mokdad Bzéouich
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 », Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Mustapha
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 », Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Maatouk
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 », Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 », Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 », Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
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Zhan J, Liu M, Su X, Zhan K, Zhang C, Zhao G. Effects of alfalfa flavonoids on the production performance, immune system, and ruminal fermentation of dairy cows. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 30:1416-1424. [PMID: 28423878 PMCID: PMC5582326 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to examine the effects of alfalfa flavonoids on the production performance, immunity, and ruminal fermentation of dairy cows. Methods The experiments employed four primiparous Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulas, and used a 4×4 Latin square design. Cattle were fed total mixed ration supplemented with 0 (control group, Con), 20, 60, or 100 mg of alfalfa flavonoids extract (AFE) per kg of dairy cow body weight (BW). Results The feed intake of the group receiving 60 mg/kg BW of AFE were significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the group receiving 100 mg/kg BW. Milk yields and the fat, protein and lactose of milk were unaffected by AFE, while the total solids content of milk reduced (p = 0.05) linearly as AFE supplementation was increased. The somatic cell count of milk in group receiving 60 mg/kg BW of AFE was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of the control group. Apparent total-tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein showed a tendency to increase (0.05<p≤0.10) with ingestion of AFE. Methane dicarboxylic aldehyde concentration decreased (p = 0.03) linearly, whereas superoxide dismutase activity showed a tendency to increase (p = 0.10) quadratically, with increasing levels of AFE supplementation. The lymphocyte count and the proportion of lymphocytes decreased (p = 0.03) linearly, whereas the proportion of neutrophil granulocytes increased (p = 0.01) linearly with increasing levels of dietary AFE supplementation. The valeric acid/total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) ratio was increased (p = 0.01) linearly with increasing of the level of AFE supplementation, the other ruminal fermentation parameters were not affected by AFE supplementation. Relative levels of the rumen microbe Ruminococcus flavefaciens tended to decrease (p = 0.09) quadratically, whereas those of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens showed a tendency to increase (p = 0.07) quadratically in response to AFE supplementation. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that AFE supplementation can alter composition of milk, and may also have an increase tendency of nutrient digestion by regulating populations of microbes in the rumen, improve antioxidant properties by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, and affect immunity by altering the proportions of lymphocyte and neutrophil granulocytes in dairy cows. The addition of 60 mg/kg BW of AFE to the diet of dairy cows was shown to be beneficial in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshun Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Mingmei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.,Jiangsu Joint Institute of Technology of Profession of Huai'an Bio-engineering Branch, Huai'an 223200, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kang Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chungang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.,Shanghai Bright Holstan Co., Ltd. Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Guoqi Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Mokdad-Bzeouich I, Mustapha N, Sassi A, Bedoui A, Ghoul M, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Investigation of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of eriodictyol through its cellular anti-oxidant activity. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:773-81. [PMID: 27250501 PMCID: PMC5003794 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been performed to assess the potential utility of natural products as immunomodulatory agents to enhance host responses against infection or to ameliorate immune-based pathologies. To determine whether eriodictyol has immunomodulatory effects and clarify which types of immune effector cells are stimulated in vitro, we investigated the stimulatory effect of eriodictyol on spleen cells isolated from BALB/c mice. Eriodictyol significantly stimulated splenocyte proliferation. However, only B lymphocytes (not T lymphocytes) could be stimulated by eriodictyol in a dose-related manner. Studies assessing potential effect of eriodictyol on innate immunity reported that eriodictyol enhanced significantly the killing activity of natural killer (NK) cells, T lymphocytes, and macrophages. We also demonstrated that eriodictyol inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and lysosomal enzyme activity in murine peritoneal macrophages cultured ex-vivo, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect in situ. Eriodictyol revealed also a cellular anti-oxidant activity in splenocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, eriodictyol increased catalase activity in spleen cells. From this data, it can be concluded that eriodictyol exhibited an immunomodulatory effect that could be ascribed in part to a cytoprotective effect related to its anti-oxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Mokdad-Bzeouich
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Mustapha
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aicha Sassi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ghoul
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering, National School of Agronomy and Food Industries, National Polytechnics Institute of Lorraine ENSAIA-INPL, Vandoeuvre les, 54505, Nancy, France
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenna Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Mustapha N, Mokdad-Bzéouich I, Sassi A, Abed B, Ghedira K, Hennebelle T, Chekir-Ghedira L. Immunomodulatory potencies of isolated compounds from Crataegus azarolus through their antioxidant activities. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7967-80. [PMID: 26711781 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The search of natural immunomodulatory agents has become an area of great interest in order to reduce damage to the human body. In this study, the immunomodulatory potential of Crataegus azarolus and its isolated hyperoside on mouse lymphocytes and macrophages in vitro was assessed. The effect of C. azarolus natural compounds on splenocytes proliferation, natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activities, and on macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity were assessed by MTT test. Phagocytic activity and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) release by macrophages were also evaluated. The antioxidant capacity of these products was evaluated by determining their cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) in splenocytes and macrophages. Depending on the concentrations, both ethyl acetate (EA) extract and hyperoside (Hyp) from C. azarolus affect macrophage functions by modulating their lysosomal enzyme activity and nitric oxide release. Whereas, the above-mentioned products significantly promote LPS and lectin-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, implying a potential activation of lymphocytes B and T enhancing humoral and cellular immune responses. Moreover, EA extract and Hyp could enhance the activity of NK and T lymphocytes cells, as well as the macrophages-mediated cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells. The anti-inflammatory activity was concomitant with the cellular antioxidant effect of the tested compounds against macrophages and splenocytes. Collectively, C. azarolus and its isolated hyperoside exhibited an immunomodulatory effect through their antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that C. azarolus should be explored as a novel potential immunomodulatory agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Mustapha
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imèn Mokdad-Bzéouich
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aicha Sassi
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Besma Abed
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Thierry Hennebelle
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, E.A. 1043, Université de Lille 2, Faculté de Pharmacie B.P. 83, 59006, Lille cedex, France
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Nasr-Bouzaiene N, Sassi A, Bedoui A, Krifa M, Chekir-Ghedira L, Ghedira K. Immunomodulatory and cellular antioxidant activities of pure compounds from Teucrium ramosissimum Desf. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7703-12. [PMID: 26692099 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of plant compounds is an interesting and growing area of research. Teucrium ramosissimum Desf. is a native and endemic medicinal plant from the South of Tunisia traditionally used for the treatment of many diseases. The anti-inflammatory activity of apigenin-7-glucoside, genkwanin, and naringenin isolated from T. ramosissimum were assayed. The phagocytic activities of macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation were investigated in the absence and presence of mitogens (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] or lectin). Depending on the concentrations, the compounds affect macrophage functions by modulating their lysosomal enzyme activity and nitric oxide (NO) release. The tested compounds enhance significantly splenocyte proliferation, either with or without mitogen stimulation. In studies to assess any potential effects of apigenin-7-glucoside, genkwanin, and naringenin on innate immunity, the results showed that these compounds significantly enhanced the killing activity of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic activity of the T lymphocyte (CTL) isolated from splenocytes. These results suggest that T. ramosissimum compounds such as apigenin-7-glucoside, genkwanin, and naringenin may be potentially useful for modulating immune cell functions in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Nasr-Bouzaiene
- Unit of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Aicha Sassi
- Unit of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- Unit of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mounira Krifa
- Unit of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Unit of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia.
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
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Hussain MS, Azam F, Ahamed KFHN, Ravichandiran V, Alkskas I. Anti-endotoxin effects of terpenoids fraction from Hygrophila auriculata in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 54:628-636. [PMID: 26428681 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1070877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum) Heine (Acanthaceae) has been traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments such as inflammation, rheumatism, jaundice and malaria. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to separate terpenoid fraction (TF) from alcohol (70%) extract of the whole plant of Hygrophila auriculata and assess its anti-inflammatory activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS HPTLC analysis of TF was performed for the estimation of lupeol. Edema was induced in Wistar albino rats by subplanter injection of 0.1 ml of 1% (w/v) carrageenan into the right hind paw after 1 h of TF administration (100 and 200 mg/kg oral). Septic shock was induced by intraperitoneal administration of LPS (100 μg/kg) in rats and interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in serum. AutoDock 4.2 was used for molecular docking. RESULTS Administration of TF significantly (p < 0.005) restored the serum levels of cytokines, LPO (7.77 ± 0.034 versus 4.59 ± 0.059 nmole of TBARS), NO (9.72 ± 0.18 versus 4.15 ± 0.23 µmol nitrite/mg of wet tissue), and SOD (4.89 ± 0.036 versus 7.83 ± 0.033 Unit/mg protein) compared with the LPS-challenged rats. Analysis of in silico results revealed that TNF-α is the most appropriate target in eliciting anti-inflammatory activity. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that TF of Hygrophila auriculata possesses great promise as an anti-inflammatory agent which may be due to its antioxidant effect. Molecular docking results could be exploited for lead optimization and development of suitable treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sarfaraj Hussain
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
- b Department of Pharmacognosy , Vels College of Pharmacy , Chennai , India , and
| | - Faizul Azam
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
| | - K F H Nazeer Ahamed
- b Department of Pharmacognosy , Vels College of Pharmacy , Chennai , India , and
- c Centre for Research and Innovation (CRI), Faculty of Pharmacy, Asia Metropolitan University , Cheras , Malaysia
| | - V Ravichandiran
- b Department of Pharmacognosy , Vels College of Pharmacy , Chennai , India , and
| | - Ismail Alkskas
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
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12
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Dudzińska D, Boncler M, Watala C. The cardioprotective power of leaves. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:819-39. [PMID: 26322095 PMCID: PMC4548035 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.53303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of physical activity, smoking and/or inappropriate diet can contribute to the increase of oxidative stress, in turn affecting the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Strong anti-oxidant properties of plant polyphenolic compounds might underlie their cardioprotective activity. This paper reviews recent findings on the anti-oxidant activity of plant leaf extracts and emphasizes their effects on blood platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells - the targets orchestrating the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. We also review the evidence linking supplementation with plant leaf extracts and the risk factors defining the metabolic syndrome. The data point to the importance of leaves as an alternative source of polyphenolic compounds in the human diet and their role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Dudzińska
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Boncler
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Cezary Watala
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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13
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Li Y, Wang ZL, He F, Wu Y, Huang W, He Y, Tong QY, Wei YQ, Qing Y, Yang L, Wu X. TP-58, a novel thienopyridine derivative, protects mice from concanavalinA-induced hepatitis by suppressing inflammation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 29:31-40. [PMID: 22415072 DOI: 10.1159/000337584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis represents a ubiquitous human health problem but effective therapies with limited side effects are still lacking. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of TP-58, a novel thienopyridine derivative, on a murine fulminant hepatitis model induced by concanavalin A (ConA). We found TP-58 markedly alleviated ConA-caused liver injury and increased survival ratio of mice injected with a lethal dose of ConA. Oral administration of TP-58 significantly alleviated ConA-caused liver injury in mice by the reduction of serum aminotransferases and liver necrosis.The analysis of proinflammatory cytokines showed that TP-58 decreased both hepatic mRNA expressions and serum protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6. And the result from LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells showed TP-58 suppressed the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and Nitro Oxide (NO) in the supernatant of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The study of activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that TP-58 inhibited the activation of NF-κB both in vivo and in vitro. The inhibitory effect was also accompanied by a parallel reduction of IκB phosphorylation. These results indicate that TP-58 protects against liver injury by inhibition of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation and suggest a potential role of TP-58 against acute liver injury and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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