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Carriazo S, Pei Y. A Close Look at Metabolic Dysfunction in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: From Bench to Imaging. Am J Kidney Dis 2024; 84:267-268. [PMID: 38904588 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sol Carriazo
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - York Pei
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Chand Dakal T, Choudhary K, Tiwari I, Yadav V, Kumar Maurya P, Kumar Sharma N. Unraveling the Triad: Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Neuroscience 2024; 552:126-141. [PMID: 38936458 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian brain's complete dependence on oxygen for ATP production makes it highly susceptible to hypoxia, at high altitudes or in clinical scenarios including anemia or pulmonary disease. Hypoxia plays a crucial role in the development of various brain disorders, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases. On the other hand, a decrease in environmental oxygen levels, such as prolonged stays at high elevations, may have beneficial impacts on the process of ageing and the likelihood of death. Additionally, the utilization of controlled hypoxia exposure could potentially serve as a therapeutic approach for age-related brain diseases. Recent findings indicate that the involvement of HIF-1α and the NLRP3 inflammasome is of significant importance in the development of Alzheimer's disease. HIF-1α serves as a pivotal controller of various cellular reactions to oxygen deprivation, exerting influence on a multitude of physiological mechanisms such as energy metabolism and inflammatory responses. The NLRP3 plays a crucial role in the innate immune system by coordinating the initiation of inflammatory reactions through the assembly of the inflammasome complex. This review examines the information pertaining to the contrasting effects of hypoxia on the brain, highlighting both its positive and deleterious effects and molecular pathways that are involved in mediating these different effects. This study explores potential strategies for therapeutic intervention that focus on restoring cellular balance and reducing neuroinflammation, which are critical aspects in addressing this severe neurodegenerative condition and addresses crucial inquiries that warrant further future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kanika Choudhary
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Isha Tiwari
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India.
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Huang H, Huang S, Li C, Zhang C, Wang R, Wei L, Wu J, Mo P, Li Z, Li S, Chen J. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula ameliorates renal fibrosis-induced anemia in rats with chronic kidney disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118607. [PMID: 39069029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen (JPYS) formula is an effective herbal therapy against renal injury, and JPYS has been clinically applied to ameliorate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD-associated anemia. Increasing evidence supports the link between renal fibrosis and anemia in CKD. JPYS possessed anti-fibrosis effects in experimental CKD. Nevertheless, research on the mechanisms of JPYS in ameliorating renal anemia (RA) through suppressing renal fibrosis remains to be clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY Our study here was carried out to investigate the mechanisms of JPYS in protecting against RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS An adenine-induced anemia model in rats with CKD at three different time points was established, and bio-samples taken from each group were analyzed. Biochemical analysis was employed to detect kidney function and hematological parameters. Masson staining was used to evaluate renal fibrosis of rats. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were utilized to evaluate the expressions of fibrotic markers, erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) in the kidneys of rats. Subsequently, transcriptomic analysis was conducted to disclose the possible mechanisms of JPYS in treating RA. Finally, the expression levels of key targets were analyzed and validated by using Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS JPYS treatment improved kidney function, suppressed renal fibrosis and enhanced hematological parameters in CKD rats. Moreover, JPYS treatment restored the increased expression levels of fibrotic markers and the declined EPO with time dependence. In parallel, data indicated JPYS treatment stimulated the translocation of HIF-2α into nucleus in the renal interstitium and thus promoted the expression of EPO. Transcriptomic profiling disclosed that activations of both nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathways were closely associated with RA. Ultimately, experimental validation results presented that the increased expressions of target proteins from the above-mentioned two pathways in the kidneys were decreased significantly after JPYS treatment. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that JPYS may improve RA by alleviating renal fibrosis, and the mechanisms of which involve in inhibiting the NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipiao Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Changhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Lifang Wei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Jinru Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Pingli Mo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Zhonggui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Jianping Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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Lu H, Guo J, Li Y, Zhang X, Liu W. Network analysis to explore the anti-senescence mechanism of Jinchan Yishen Tongluo Formula (JCYSTLF) in diabetic kidneys. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29364. [PMID: 38720731 PMCID: PMC11076649 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Jinchan Yishen Tongluo Formula (JCYSTLF) has the effect of delaying senescence in diabetic kidneys. However, the mechanism is not clear. Purpose Combination methods to investigate the anti-senescence mechanism of JCYSTLF in diabetic kidneys. Methods The main compounds of JCYSTLF were characterized by LC-MS/MS, and the anti-senescence targets of JCYSTLF were screened via network analysis. Then, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments to validate the results. Results The target profiles of compounds were obtained by LC-MS/MS to characterize the primary function of JCYSTLF. Senescence was identified as a key biological functional module of JCYSTLF in the treatment of DN via constructing compounds-target-biological network analysis. Further analysis of senescence-related targets recognized the HIF-1α/autophagy pathway as the core anti-senescence mechanism of JCYSTLF in diabetic kidneys. Animal experiments showed, in comparison with valsartan, JCYSTLF showed an improvement in urinary albumin and renal pathological damage. JCYSTLF enhanced the ability of diabetic kidneys to clear senescence-related proteins via regulating autophagy confirmed by autophagy inhibitor CQ. However, HIF-1α inhibitor 2-ME weakened the role of JCYSLTF in regulating autophagy in diabetic kidneys. Meanwhile, over-expressed HIF-1α in HK-2 cells decreased the levels of SA-β-gal, p21 and p53 induced by AGEs. Upregulated HIF-1α could reverse the blocking of autophagy induced by AGEs in HK-2 cells evaluated by ptfLC3. Conclusion We provided in vitro and in vivo evidence for the anti-senescence role of JCYSTLF in regulating the HIF-1α/autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Lu
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing, 100700, China
- Clinical Basic Research Institute of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yachun Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing, 100700, China
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing, 100700, China
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
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Nakanishi T, Kuragano T. Growing concerns about using hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors for the treatment of renal anemia. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfae051. [PMID: 38516524 PMCID: PMC10956400 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) have emerged as a novel therapeutic class for treating anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Small molecule analogs of α-ketoglutarate (AKG), an essential substrate for 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDDs), including prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs), inhibit PHDs pharmacologically and thereby prevent HIF degradation. HIF stabilization alleviates anemia through several stimulatory effects on erythropoiesis, but it also affects the expression of many anemia-unrelated genes whose protein products exert important functions in vivo. Therefore, the pleiotropic effects of HIF stabilization under normoxic conditions deserve to be examined in more detail. Specifically, we believe that particular attention should be given to epigenetic modifications among the various AKG-based metabolic systems that may be altered by HIF-PHIs. It is noteworthy that AKG has been reported to exert health-protective actions. AKG-based metabolic systems include enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and amino acid metabolism, as well as 2-OGDD-mediated processes, which play important roles in many biological reactions. In this review, we examine the multifaceted effects of HIF-PHIs, encompassing not only their on-target effect of HIF stabilization but also their off-target inhibitory effects on various AKG-based metabolic systems. Furthermore, we examine its potential relevance to cardiovascular complications, based on clinical and animal studies suggesting its involvement in vascular calcification, thrombogenesis and heart failure. In conclusion, although HIF-PHIs offer a promising avenue for anemia treatment in CKD patients, their broader impact on multiple biological systems raises substantial concerns. The intricate interplay between HIF stabilization, AKG competition and cardiovascular complications warrants extensive, long-term investigations to ensure the safety and usefulness of HIF-PHIs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nakanishi
- Division of Kidney, Dialysis and Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Gojinkai Sumiyoshigawa Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kuragano
- Division of Kidney, Dialysis and Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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Rothem Y, Askenasy E, Siman-Tov M, Davidov Y, Hoffman T, Mor E, Hod T. Elevated hemoglobin levels in renal transplant recipients with polycystic kidney disease versus other etiologies: exploring mechanisms and implications for outcomes. J Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s40620-023-01868-6. [PMID: 38427307 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)-related end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) often necessitates transplantation. However, the impact of ADPKD on post-transplant outcomes, specifically hemoglobin levels, remains unknown. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 513 Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTRs), of whom 81 had ESKD due to ADPKD (20 with pre-transplant native nephrectomy and 61 without). Hemoglobin levels were evaluated at multiple time intervals post-transplant. RESULTS Kidney transplant recipients with ADPKD vs. KTRs with ESKD due to other causes exhibited significantly higher hemoglobin levels in repeated measurement analysis. Multivariable analyses confirmed ADPKD as an independent predictor for elevated hemoglobin levels. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, the odds for maximum hemoglobin > 15 mg/dL at 3-12 months post-transplant were more than twice as high in ADPKD patients vs. all the other KTRs (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.31, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.3-4.13, p < 0.001). Pre-transplant native nephrectomy revealed a trend toward lower hemoglobin levels. Elevated hemoglobin levels were linked to improved estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at one year post-transplant. Patient survival was enhanced among KTRs with ADPKD compared to other ESKD causes. CONCLUSIONS Kidney transplant recipients with ADPKD exhibited elevated hemoglobin levels post-transplant, possibly due to prolonged native kidney erythropoietin production. These elevated hemoglobin levels were linked to improved outcomes, including allograft function and patient survival. Future research should further investigate the underlying mechanisms driving favorable ADPKD KTR outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Rothem
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Enosh Askenasy
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Renal Transplant Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Maya Siman-Tov
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yana Davidov
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Liver Disease Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Tomer Hoffman
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Eytan Mor
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Renal Transplant Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Tammy Hod
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Renal Transplant Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
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Nakashima M, Suga N, Ikeda Y, Yoshikawa S, Matsuda S. Inspiring Tactics with the Improvement of Mitophagy and Redox Balance for the Development of Innovative Treatment against Polycystic Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2024; 14:207. [PMID: 38397444 PMCID: PMC10886467 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the most common genetic form of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it involves the development of multiple kidney cysts. Not enough medical breakthroughs have been made against PKD, a condition which features regional hypoxia and activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. The following pathology of CKD can severely instigate kidney damage and/or renal failure. Significant evidence verifies an imperative role for mitophagy in normal kidney physiology and the pathology of CKD and/or PKD. Mitophagy serves as important component of mitochondrial quality control by removing impaired/dysfunctional mitochondria from the cell to warrant redox homeostasis and sustain cell viability. Interestingly, treatment with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) agonist could reduce the pathology of PDK and might improve the renal function of the disease via the modulation of mitophagy, as well as the condition of gut microbiome. Suitable modulation of mitophagy might be a favorable tactic for the prevention and/or treatment of kidney diseases such as PKD and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Ku E, Del Vecchio L, Eckardt KU, Haase VH, Johansen KL, Nangaku M, Tangri N, Waikar SS, Więcek A, Cheung M, Jadoul M, Winkelmayer WC, Wheeler DC. Novel anemia therapies in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference. Kidney Int 2023; 104:655-680. [PMID: 37236424 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Anemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and is associated with a high burden of morbidity and adverse clinical outcomes. In 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) published a guideline for the diagnosis and management of anemia in chronic kidney disease. Since then, new data from studies assessing established and emerging therapies for the treatment of anemia and iron deficiency have become available. Beginning in 2019, KDIGO planned 2 Controversies Conferences to review the new evidence and its potential impact on the management of anemia in clinical practice. Here, we report on the second of these conferences held virtually in December 2021, which focused on a new class of agents-the hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs). This report provides a review of the consensus points and controversies from this second conference and highlights areas that warrant prioritization for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Ku
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Lucia Del Vecchio
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Sant'Anna Hospital, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker H Haase
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kirsten L Johansen
- Division of Nephrology, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Division of Nephrology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Navdeep Tangri
- Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrzej Więcek
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michael Cheung
- Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Jadoul
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang C Winkelmayer
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David C Wheeler
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
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Yang Y, Zhou J, Zhang D, Lv J, Chen M, Wang C, Song M, He F, Song S, Mei C. Dehydration Accelerates Cytogenesis and Cyst Growth in Pkd1 -/- Mice by Regulating Macrophage M2 Polarization. Inflammation 2023; 46:1272-1289. [PMID: 36997763 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Adult autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has been shown to be related as a "third hit" to the occurrence of acute or chronic kidney injury. Here, we examined whether dehydration, as a common kidney risk factor, could cause cystogenesis in chronic-onset Pkd1-/- mice by regulating macrophage activation. First, we confirmed that dehydration accelerated cytogenesis in Pkd1-/- mice and that macrophages infiltrated the kidney tissues even earlier than macroscopic cyst formation. Then, microarray analysis suggested that glycolysis pathway may be involved in macrophage activation in Pkd1-/- kidneys under conditions of dehydration. Further, we confirmed glycolysis pathway was activated and lactic acid (L-LA) was overproduced in the Pkd1-/- kidney under conditions of dehydration. We have already proved that L-LA strongly stimulated M2 macrophage polarization and overproduction of polyamine in macrophage in vitro, and in the present study, we further discovered that M2 polarization-induced polyamine production shortened the primary cilia length by disrupting the PC1/PC2 complex. Finally, the activation of L-LA-arginase 1-polyamine pathway contributed to cystogenesis and progressive cyst growth in Pkd1-/- mice recurrently exposed to dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The 981th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Puning Road, No.3, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, China.
- Kidney Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center of People's Liberation Army, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongjuan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The 981th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Puning Road, No.3, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, China
| | - Jiayi Lv
- Kidney Institution of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Changzheng Hospital, The Navy Military Medical University, Fengyang Road, No.415, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Meihan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Kidney Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center of People's Liberation Army, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Minghui Song
- Clinical Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Sanya, China
| | - Fagui He
- Department of Nephrology, The 981th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Puning Road, No.3, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, China
| | - Shuwei Song
- Kidney Institution of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Changzheng Hospital, The Navy Military Medical University, Fengyang Road, No.415, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Changlin Mei
- Kidney Institution of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Changzheng Hospital, The Navy Military Medical University, Fengyang Road, No.415, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Szaraz D, Danek Z, Lipovy B, Krivanek J, Buchtova M, Moldovan Putnova B, Putnova I, Stembirek J, Andrasina T, Divacka P, Izakovicova Holla L, Borilova Linhartova P. Primary cilia and hypoxia-associated signaling in developmental odontogenic cysts in relation to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease - A novel insight. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17130. [PMID: 37389068 PMCID: PMC10300219 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental cysts are pathological epithelial-lined cavities arising in various organs as a result of systemic or hereditary diseases. Molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of developmental odontogenic cysts (OCs) are not fully understood yet; the cystogenesis of renal cysts originating from the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has been, however, explored in much greater detail. This narrative review aimed i) to summarize molecular and cellular processes involved in the formation and growth of developmental OCs, especially dentigerous cysts (DCs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), ii) to find if there are any similarities in their cystogenesis to ADPKD cysts, and, based on that, iii) to suggest potential factors, candidate molecules, and mechanisms that could be involved in the DC formation, thus proposing further research directions. Here we suggest a possible association of developmental OCs with primary cilia disruption and with hypoxia, which have been previously linked with cyst formation in ADPKD patients. This is illustrated on the imagery of tissues from an ADPKD patient (renal cyst) and from developmental OCs, supporting the similarities in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and primary cilia distribution in DC/OKC/ADPKD tissues. Based on all that, we propose a novel hypothesis of OCs formation suggesting a crucial role of mutations associated with the signaling pathways of primary cilia (in particular, Sonic Hedgehog). These can lead to excessive proliferation and formation of cell agglomerates, which is followed by hypoxia-driven apoptosis in the centers of such agglomerates (controlled by molecules such as Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha), leading to cavity formation and, finally, the OCs development. Based on this, we propose future perspectives in the investigation of OC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Szaraz
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Danek
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bretislav Lipovy
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krivanek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Moldovan Putnova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 61242 Brno-Královo Pole, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Putnova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 61242 Brno-Královo Pole, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stembirek
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 1790/5, 70800 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Andrasina
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Divacka
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Izakovicova Holla
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne’s University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Borilova Linhartova
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne’s University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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RBCK1 regulates the progression of ER-positive breast cancer through the HIF1α signaling. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1023. [PMID: 36473847 PMCID: PMC9726878 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women on a global scale. It can generally be divided into four main categories, of which estrogen receptor ER-positive breast cancer accounts for most breast cancer cases. RBCK1 protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase containing the UBL, NZF, and RBR domains. It is well known to exhibit abnormal expression in breast tumors, making it a valuable diagnostic marker and drug target. Additionally, studies have confirmed that in breast cancer, about 25 to 40% of tumors appear as visible hypoxic regions, while in hypoxia, tumor cells can activate the hypoxia-inducing factor HIF1 pathway and widely activate the expression of downstream genes. Previous studies have confirmed that in the hypoxic environment of tumors, HIF1α promotes the remodeling of extracellular matrix, induces the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and immunosuppression of allogeneic tumors, thereby influencing tumor recurrence and metastasis. This research aims to identify RBCK1 as an important regulator of HIF1α signaling pathway. Targeted therapy with RBCK1 could be a promising treatment strategy for ER-positive breast cancer.
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12
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Li ZL, Wang B, Wen Y, Wu QL, Lv LL, Liu BC. Disturbance of Hypoxia Response and Its Implications in Kidney Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:936-955. [PMID: 35044244 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The disturbance of the hypoxia response system is closely related to human diseases, because it is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis. Given the significant role of the hypoxia response system in human health, therapeutic applications targeting prolyl hydroxylase-hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling have been attempted. Thus, systemically reviewing the hypoxia response-based therapeutic strategies is of great significance. Recent Advances: Disturbance of the hypoxia response is a characteristic feature of various diseases. Targeting the hypoxia response system is, thus, a promising therapeutic strategy. Interestingly, several compounds and drugs are currently under clinical trials, and some have already been approved for use in the treatment of certain human diseases. Critical Issues: We summarize the molecular mechanisms of the hypoxia response system and address the potential therapeutic implications in kidney diseases. Given that the effects of hypoxia response in kidney diseases are likely to depend on the pathological context, specific cell types, and the differences in the activation pattern of HIF isoforms, the precise application is critical for the treatment of kidney diseases. Although HIF-PHIs (HIF-PHD inhibitors) have been proven to be effective and well tolerated in chronic kidney disease patients with anemia, the potential on-target consequence of HIF activation and some outstanding questions warrant further consideration. Future Direction: The mechanism of the hypoxia response system disturbance remains unclear. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism of hypoxia response and its precise effects on kidney diseases warrants clarification. Considering the complexity of the hypoxia response system and multiple biological processes controlled by HIF signaling, the development of more specific inhibitors is highly warranted. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 936-955.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Lin Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu-Li Wu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin-Li Lv
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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13
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Locatelli F, Del Vecchio L. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Prolyl Hydroxyl Domain Inhibitors: From Theoretical Superiority to Clinical Noninferiority Compared with Current ESAs? J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:1966-1979. [PMID: 36041790 PMCID: PMC9678041 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022040413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease; it is mainly treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron. Experimental studies extensively investigated the mechanisms involved in the body's response to hypoxia and led to the discovery of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway and the enzymes regulating its function. HIF-prolyl-hydroxyl domain (PHD) inhibitors are a new class of oral drugs developed to treat anemia in chronic kidney disease. By inhibiting the function of PHD enzymes, they mimic the exposure to moderate hypoxia and stimulate the production of endogenous erythropoietin and very likely increase iron availability. Some data also suggest that their efficacy and, consequently, dose needs are less influenced by inflammation than ESAs. Overall, data from phases 2 and 3 clinical development showed efficacy in anemia correction and maintenance for all of the class molecules compared with placebo (superiority) or erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (noninferiority). Three molecules, roxadustat, vadadustat, and daprodustat, underwent extensive clinical investigation to assess their safety on hard cardiovascular end points, mortality, and special interest events (including cancer and thrombosis). Aside from vadadustat in the nondialysis population, at the prespecified primary analyses, all three molecules met the noninferiority margin for the risk of major cardiovascular events compared with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents or placebo. The reason for this discrepancy is difficult to explain. Other safety signals came from secondary analyses of some of the other randomized clinical trials, including a higher incidence of thrombosis. A more extensive clinical experience with post-marketing data on hard safety issues is needed to define better when and how to use HIF-PHD inhibitors compared with already available ESAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Locatelli
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital (past Director) ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Lucia Del Vecchio
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Sant’Anna Hospital, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
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14
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Bichlmayer EM, Mahl L, Hesse L, Pion E, Haller V, Moehwald A, Hackl C, Werner JM, Schlitt HJ, Schwarz S, Kainz P, Brochhausen C, Groeger C, Steger F, Kölbl O, Daniel C, Amann K, Kraus A, Buchholz B, Aung T, Haerteis S. A 3D In Vivo Model for Studying Human Renal Cystic Tissue and Mouse Kidney Slices. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152269. [PMID: 35892566 PMCID: PMC9330914 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a frequent monogenic disorder that leads to progressive renal cyst growth and renal failure. Strategies to inhibit cyst growth in non-human cyst models have often failed in clinical trials. There is a significant need for models that enable studies of human cyst growth and drug trials. (2) Methods: Renal tissue from ADPKD patients who received a nephrectomy as well as adult mouse kidney slices were cultured on a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) for one week. The cyst volume was monitored by microscopic and CT-based applications. The weight and angiogenesis were quantified. Morphometric and histological analyses were performed after the removal of the tissues from the CAM. (3) Results: The mouse and human renal tissue mostly remained vital for about one week on the CAM. The growth of cystic tissue was evaluated using microscopic and CT-based volume measurements, which correlated with weight and an increase in angiogenesis, and was accompanied by cyst cell proliferation. (4) Conclusions: The CAM model might bridge the gap between animal studies and clinical trials of human cyst growth, and provide a drug-testing platform for the inhibition of cyst enlargement. Real-time analyses of mouse kidney tissue may provide insights into renal physiology and reduce the need for animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Marie Bichlmayer
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Lina Mahl
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Leo Hesse
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Eric Pion
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Victoria Haller
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Andreas Moehwald
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.H.); (J.M.W.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Jens M. Werner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.H.); (J.M.W.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Hans J. Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.H.); (J.M.W.); (H.J.S.)
| | | | - Philipp Kainz
- KML Vision GmbH, A-8020 Graz, Austria; (S.S.); (P.K.)
| | | | - Christian Groeger
- Department for Radiotherapy, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.G.); (F.S.); (O.K.)
| | - Felix Steger
- Department for Radiotherapy, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.G.); (F.S.); (O.K.)
| | - Oliver Kölbl
- Department for Radiotherapy, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.G.); (F.S.); (O.K.)
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.D.); (K.A.)
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.D.); (K.A.)
| | - Andre Kraus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Björn Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Thiha Aung
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Applied Healthcare Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, 94469 Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.-M.B.); (L.M.); (L.H.); (E.P.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Jiang Z, Jia Y, Zhang J, Li X, Dong C. Effect of secondary attack by Aeromonas hydrophila on the expression level of hif genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:907-917. [PMID: 35385592 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (hifs) are involved in infectious diseases inflammatory reactions, and immune regulation. Common carp, a representative allotetraploid species that has undergone genome-wide replication events, has important research value. In this study, common carp were infected twice with Aeromonas hydrophila. Liver tissues of common carp were collected at 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 3 days, 7 days post-first infection and 4 h, 12 h, 24 h post-second infection. The mRNA levels of hif genes were determined at different time points. The hif2a-2, hif3a-2, hif3b-1 and hif3b-2 expression levels in the infected group were upregulated when compared with those in the control group, whereas the expression levels of other genes were downregulated after the second infection. This indicates that the effect of A. hydrophila infection on gene expression pattern is dependent on the host, pathogen, infected tissue and gene. Pressure analysis of the hif gene family revealed that the non-synonymous substitution to synonymous substitution ratio of 12 hif genes was <1, which indicated that they were in a state of purification and selection. Combined with the differences between copy genes, the polyclonal antibodies against Hif1b-1 and Hif1b-2 were successfully prepared in this study. Western blot analysis showed that the protein expression of Hif1b-1 and Hif1b-2 reached to the highest level 48 h after the first infection. After the second A. hydrophila infection, the protein expression levels of Hif1b-1 and Hif1b-2 reached the highest levels at 4 and 48 h, respectively. This may indicate that the Hif1b-1 and Hif1b-2 genes in common carp play an important role in the immune mechanism at the protein level. The findings of this study will lay the foundation for future studies on the immune regulatory function of common carp hif genes, which may aid in devising novel therapeutic strategies for common carp diseases, such as A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Jiang
- Research Center on Legal Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers, College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yingying Jia
- Research Center on Legal Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers, College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiangfan Zhang
- Research Center on Legal Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers, College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Research Center on Legal Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers, College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chuanju Dong
- Research Center on Legal Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers, College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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16
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Mi Z, Song Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Cao X, Dang L, Lu Y, Sun Y, Xiong H, Zhang L, Chen Y. cAMP-Induced Nuclear Condensation of CRTC2 Promotes Transcription Elongation and Cystogenesis in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104578. [PMID: 35037420 PMCID: PMC8981427 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Formation of biomolecular condensates by phase separation has recently emerged as a new principle for regulating gene expression in response to extracellular signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the coupling of signal transduction and gene activation through condensate formation, and how dysregulation of these mechanisms contributes to disease progression, remain elusive. Here, the authors report that CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) translocates to the nucleus and forms phase-separated condensates upon activation of cAMP signaling. They show that intranuclear CRTC2 interacts with positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) and activates P-TEFb by disrupting the inhibitory 7SK snRNP complex. Aberrantly elevated cAMP signaling plays central roles in the development of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). They find that CRTC2 localizes to the nucleus and forms condensates in cystic epithelial cells of both mouse and human ADPKD kidneys. Genetic depletion of CRTC2 suppresses cyst growth in an orthologous ADPKD mouse model. Using integrative transcriptomic and cistromic analyses, they identify CRTC2-regulated cystogenesis-associated genes, whose activation depends on CRTC2 condensate-facilitated P-TEFb recruitment and the release of paused RNA polymerase II. Together, their findings elucidate a mechanism by which CRTC2 nuclear condensation conveys cAMP signaling to transcription elongation activation and thereby promotes cystogenesis in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyun Mi
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Yandong Song
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Jiuchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Lin Dang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Yumei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Yongzhan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of UrologyShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandong250001China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)The Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
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17
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de Rojas-P I, Albiñana V, Taranets L, Recio-Poveda L, Cuesta AM, Popov N, Kronenberger T, Botella LM. The Endothelial Landscape and Its Role in Von Hippel-Lindau Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092313. [PMID: 34571962 PMCID: PMC8465092 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Von Hippel–Lindau disease (VHL) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by the predisposal to develop different types of highly vascularized tumors. VHL patients carry a VHL mutation that causes partial lack of functional VHL protein (pVHL) in all cells, and a total lack thereof in cells harboring a second hit mutation. Absence of pVHL generates a prolonged state of pseudo-hypoxia in the cell due to accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor, an important transcription factor regulating pro-tumorigenic genes. The work here presented focuses on characterizing the endothelium of VHL patients, by means of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs). Transcriptome analysis of VHL-derived BOECs, further supported by in vitro assays, shows that these cells are at a disadvantage, as evidenced by loss of cell adhesion capacity, angiogenesis defects, and immune response and oxidative metabolic gene downregulation, which induce oxidative stress. These results suggest that the endothelium of VHL patients is functionally compromised and more susceptible to tumor development. These findings contribute to shedding light on the vascular landscape of VHL patients preceding the second hit mutation in the VHL gene. This knowledge could be useful in searching for new therapies for these patients and other vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel de Rojas-P
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.d.R.-P.); (V.A.); (L.R.-P.); (A.M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Virginia Albiñana
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.d.R.-P.); (V.A.); (L.R.-P.); (A.M.C.)
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lyudmyla Taranets
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (L.T.); (N.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Lucía Recio-Poveda
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.d.R.-P.); (V.A.); (L.R.-P.); (A.M.C.)
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel M. Cuesta
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.d.R.-P.); (V.A.); (L.R.-P.); (A.M.C.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikita Popov
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (L.T.); (N.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Thales Kronenberger
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (L.T.); (N.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Luisa M. Botella
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.d.R.-P.); (V.A.); (L.R.-P.); (A.M.C.)
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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18
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Wish JB, Eckardt KU, Kovesdy CP, Fishbane S, Spinowitz BS, Berns JS. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Stabilization as an Emerging Therapy for CKD-Related Anemia: Report From a Scientific Workshop Sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation. Am J Kidney Dis 2021; 78:709-718. [PMID: 34332007 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The National Kidney Foundation convened an interdisciplinary international workshop in March 2019 to discuss the potential role of a new class of agents for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD): the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs). International experts with expertise in physiology, biochemistry, structural chemistry, translational medicine and clinical management of anemia participated. Participants reviewed the unmet needs of current anemia treatment, the biology of hypoxia-inducible factor, the pharmacology of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, and the results of phase 2 clinical trials of HIF-PHIs among patients with both non-dialysis dependent and dialysis-dependent CKD. The results of key phase 3 clinical trials of HIF-PHIs in the public domain as of this writing are also presented in this article although they appeared after the workshop was completed. Participants in the workshop developed a number of recommendations for further examination of HIF-PHIs which are summarized in this article and include long-term safety issues, potential benefits, and practical considerations for implementation including patient and provider education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay B Wish
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Csaba P Kovesdy
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Steven Fishbane
- Department of Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Bruce S Spinowitz
- Department of Medicine, New York Hospital Queens, Cornell University Medical Center, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Berns
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Patel DM, Dahl NK. Examining the Role of Novel CKD Therapies for the ADPKD Patient. KIDNEY360 2021; 2:1036-1041. [PMID: 35373079 PMCID: PMC8791369 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0007422020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Barratt J, Andric B, Tataradze A, Schömig M, Reusch M, Valluri U, Mariat C. Roxadustat for the treatment of anaemia in chronic kidney disease patients not on dialysis: a phase 3, randomised, open-label, active-controlled study (DOLOMITES). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 36:1616-1628. [PMID: 34077510 PMCID: PMC8396401 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Roxadustat, an orally administered hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is being evaluated for treatment of anaemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods This randomized, open-label, active-controlled Phase 3 study compared roxadustat versus darbepoetin alfa (DA) in non-dialysis-dependent (NDD) CKD patients with anaemia for ≤104 weeks. Doses were titrated to correct and maintain haemoglobin (Hb) within 10.0–12.0 g/dL. The primary endpoint was Hb response in the full analysis set, defined as Hb ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb change from baseline (BL; CFB) ≥1.0 g/dL in patients with BL Hb >8.0 g/dL or CFB ≥2.0 g/dL in patients with BL Hb ≤8.0 g/dL during the first 24 weeks of treatment without rescue therapy (non-inferiority margin, −15%). Key secondary endpoints included change in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), time to first intravenous (IV) iron use, change in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and time to hypertension occurrence. Adverse events were assessed. Results Of 616 randomized patients (roxadustat, 323; DA, 293), 424 completed treatment (roxadustat, 215; DA, 209). Hb response with roxadustat was non-inferior to DA (roxadustat: 256/286, 89.5% versus DA: 213/273, 78.0%, difference 11.51%, 95% confidence interval 5.66–17.36%). Roxadustat maintained Hb for up to 2 years. Roxadustat was non-inferior to DA for change in MAP and time to occurrence of hypertension and superior for change in LDL and time to first IV iron use. Safety profiles were comparable between groups. Findings suggest that there was no difference between groups regarding the composite endpoints major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and MACE+ [MACE: 0.81 (0.52–1.25), P = 0.339; MACE+: 0.90 (0.61–1.32), P = 0.583]. Conclusions Roxadustat is a viable option to treat anaemia in NDD CKD patients maintaining Hb levels for up to 104 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Udaya Valluri
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc., Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | - Christophe Mariat
- CHU St Etienne, Service Nephrologie Dialyse Transplantation, St Etienne, France
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21
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Millet-Boureima C, He S, Le TBU, Gamberi C. Modeling Neoplastic Growth in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Polycystic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3918. [PMID: 33920158 PMCID: PMC8070407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) share several characteristics, including neoplastic cell growth, kidney cysts, and limited therapeutics. As well, both exhibit impaired vasculature and compensatory VEGF activation of angiogenesis. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/ERK pathways play important roles in regulating cystic and tumor cell proliferation and growth. Both RCC and ADPKD result in hypoxia, where HIF-α signaling is activated in response to oxygen deprivation. Primary cilia and altered cell metabolism may play a role in disease progression. Non-coding RNAs may regulate RCC carcinogenesis and ADPKD through their varied effects. Drosophila exhibits remarkable conservation of the pathways involved in RCC and ADPKD. Here, we review the progress towards understanding disease mechanisms, partially overlapping cellular and molecular dysfunctions in RCC and ADPKD and reflect on the potential for the agile Drosophila genetic model to accelerate discovery science, address unresolved mechanistic aspects of these diseases, and perform rapid pharmacological screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Millet-Boureima
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (C.M.-B.); (S.H.); (T.B.U.L.)
| | - Stephanie He
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (C.M.-B.); (S.H.); (T.B.U.L.)
| | - Thi Bich Uyen Le
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (C.M.-B.); (S.H.); (T.B.U.L.)
- Haematology-Oncology Research Group, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Chiara Gamberi
- Department of Biology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29528-6054, USA
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22
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Liu F, Wang J, Ye Q, Fu H, Mao J. Roxadustat for Renal Anemia in ESRD from PKD Patients: Is It Safe Enough? J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1005. [PMID: 33649100 PMCID: PMC8017543 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020111664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadao Akizawa
- Department of Nephrology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Iwasaki
- Department of Data Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamaguchi
- Japan-Asia Data Science, Development, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Majikawa
- Japan-Asia Clinical Development 2, Development, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael Reusch
- Development Medical Science Urology and Nephrology, Astellas Pharma Europe B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands
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24
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Safi W, Kraus A, Grampp S, Schödel J, Buchholz B. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is regulated by HIF-1α and cAMP and promotes renal cyst cell proliferation in a macrophage-independent manner. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1547-1559. [PMID: 32885302 PMCID: PMC7591438 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Progressive cyst growth leads to decline of renal function in polycystic kidney disease. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was found to be upregulated in cyst-lining cells in a mouse model of polycystic kidney disease and to promote cyst growth. In addition, MIF can be secreted by tubular cells and may contribute to cyst growth in an autocrine manner. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to induction of MIF in cyst-lining cells remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) 1α upregulates MIF in cyst-lining cells in a tubule-specific PKD1 knockout mouse. Pharmacological stabilization of HIF-1α resulted in significant increase of MIF in cyst epithelial cells whereas tubule-specific knockout of HIF-1α prevented MIF upregulation. Identical regulation could be found for ABCA1, which has been shown to act as a transport protein for MIF. Furthermore, we show that MIF and ABCA1 are direct target genes of HIF-1α in human primary tubular cells. Next to HIF-1α and hypoxia, we found MIF being additionally regulated by cAMP which is a strong promotor of cyst growth. In line with these findings, HIF-1α- and cAMP-dependent in vitro cyst growth could be decreased by the MIF-inhibitor ISO-1 which resulted in reduced cyst cell proliferation. In conclusion, HIF-1α and cAMP regulate MIF in primary tubular cells and cyst-lining epithelial cells, and MIF promotes cyst growth in the absence of macrophages. In line with these findings, the MIF inhibitor ISO-1 attenuates HIF-1α- and cAMP-dependent in vitro cyst enlargement. KEY MESSAGES: • MIF is upregulated in cyst-lining cells in a polycystic kidney disease mouse model. • MIF upregulation is mediated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) 1α. • ABCA1, transport protein for MIF, is also regulated by HIF-1α in vitro and in vivo. • MIF is additionally regulated by cAMP, a strong promotor of cyst growth. • MIF-inhibitor ISO-1 reduces HIF-1α- and cAMP-dependent cyst growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajima Safi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andre Kraus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steffen Grampp
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schödel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bjoern Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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