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Staitieh BS, Hu X, Yeligar SM, Auld SC. Paired ATAC- and RNA-seq offer insight into the impact of HIV on alveolar macrophages: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15276. [PMID: 37714998 PMCID: PMC10504379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
People with HIV remain at greater risk for both infectious and non-infectious pulmonary diseases even after antiretroviral therapy initiation and CD4 cell count recovery. These clinical risks reflect persistent HIV-mediated defects in innate and adaptive immunity, including in the alveolar macrophage, a key innate immune effector in the lungs. In this proof-of-concept pilot study, we leveraged paired RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analyses of human alveolar macrophages obtained with research bronchoscopy from people with and without HIV to highlight the potential for recent methodologic advances to generate novel hypotheses about biological pathways that may contribute to impaired pulmonary immune function in people with HIV. In addition to 35 genes that were differentially expressed in macrophages from people with HIV, gene set enrichment analysis identified six gene sets that were differentially regulated. ATAC-seq analysis revealed 115 genes that were differentially accessible for people with HIV. Data-driven integration of the findings from these complementary, high-throughput techniques using xMWAS identified distinct clusters involving lipoprotein lipase and inflammatory pathways. By bringing together transcriptional and epigenetic data, this analytic approach points to several mechanisms, including previously unreported pathways, that warrant further exploration as potential mediators of the increased risk of pulmonary disease in people with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar S Staitieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St NE, Ste 200, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xin Hu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St NE, Ste 200, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Samantha M Yeligar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St NE, Ste 200, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Veterans Affairs Atlanta Healthcare System, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Sara C Auld
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St NE, Ste 200, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Departments of Epidemiology and Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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2
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Impaired differentiation of small airway basal stem/progenitor cells in people living with HIV. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2966. [PMID: 35194053 PMCID: PMC8864005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), higher incidence of airway abnormalities is common in the HIV population consistent with the concept of accelerated lung "aging". Our previous findings demonstrated that HIV induces human airway basal cells (BC) into destructive and inflammatory phenotypes. Since BC function as stem/progenitor cells of the small airway epithelium (SAE), responsible for self-renewal and differentiation of SAE, we hypothesized that BC from people living with HIV (PLWH) may have altered differentiation capacity that contribute to premature aging. The data demonstrates that BC from PLWH have impaired capacity to differentiate in vitro and senescent phenotypes including shortened telomeres, increased expression of β-galactosidase and cell cycle inhibitors, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In vitro studies demonstrated that BC senescence is partly due to adverse effects of HAART on BC. These findings provide an explanation for higher incidence of airway dysfunction and accelerated lung aging observed in PLWH.
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3
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Alexandrova Y, Costiniuk CT, Jenabian MA. Pulmonary Immune Dysregulation and Viral Persistence During HIV Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 12:808722. [PMID: 35058937 PMCID: PMC8764194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.808722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV continue to suffer from high burdens of respiratory infections, lung cancers and chronic lung disease at a higher rate than the general population. The lung mucosa, a previously neglected HIV reservoir site, is of particular importance in this phenomenon. Because ART does not eliminate the virus, residual levels of HIV that remain in deep tissues lead to chronic immune activation and pulmonary inflammatory pathologies. In turn, continuous pulmonary and systemic inflammation cause immune cell exhaustion and pulmonary immune dysregulation, creating a pro-inflammatory environment ideal for HIV reservoir persistence. Moreover, smoking, gut and lung dysbiosis and co-infections further fuel the vicious cycle of residual viral replication which, in turn, contributes to inflammation and immune cell proliferation, further maintaining the HIV reservoir. Herein, we discuss the recent evidence supporting the notion that the lungs serve as an HIV viral reservoir. We will explore how smoking, changes in the microbiome, and common co-infections seen in PLWH contribute to HIV persistence, pulmonary immune dysregulation, and high rates of infectious and non-infectious lung disease among these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Alexandrova
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cecilia T. Costiniuk
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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4
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Chung NPY, Khan KMF, Kaner RJ, O'Beirne SL, Crystal RG. HIV induces airway basal progenitor cells to adopt an inflammatory phenotype. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3988. [PMID: 33597552 PMCID: PMC7889866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the introduction of anti-retroviral therapy, chronic HIV infection is associated with an increased incidence of other comorbidities such as COPD. Based on the knowledge that binding of HIV to human airway basal stem/progenitor cells (BC) induces a destructive phenotype by increased MMP-9 expression through MAPK signaling pathways, we hypothesized that HIV induces the BC to express inflammatory mediators that contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema. Our data demonstrate that airway BC isolated from HAART-treated HIV+ nonsmokers spontaneously release inflammatory mediators IL-8, IL-1β, ICAM-1 and GM-CSF. Similarly, exposure of normal BC to HIV in vitro up-regulates expression of the same inflammatory mediators. These HIV-BC derived mediators induce migration of alveolar macrophages (AM) and neutrophils and stimulate AM proliferation. This HIV-induced inflammatory phenotype likely contributes to lung inflammation in HIV+ individuals and provides explanation for the increased incidence of COPD in HIV+ individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy P Y Chung
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - K M Faisal Khan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Robert J Kaner
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah L O'Beirne
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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5
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Byanova KL, Kunisaki KM, Vasquez J, Huang L. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:71-87. [PMID: 33167728 PMCID: PMC7856058 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1848556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is more prevalent in people with HIV (PWH) than in the general population and leads to an increased burden of morbidity and mortality in this population. The mechanisms behind COPD development and progression in PWH are not fully elucidated, and there are no PWH-specific guidelines for COPD management. Areas covered: The goal of this broad narrative review is to review the epidemiology of COPD in PWH globally, highlight proposed pathways contributing to increased COPD prevalence and progression in PWH, discuss structural and functional changes in the lungs in this population, assesses the excess mortality and comorbidities in PWH with COPD, and address management practices for this unique population. Expert opinion: Understanding how a chronic viral infection leads to COPD, independent of cigarette smoking, is of critical scientific importance. Further research should focus on the pathophysiology of the interaction between HIV and COPD, and determine the role of disease-modifying risk factors such as opportunistic pneumonia and air pollution, as well as generate data from randomized clinical trials on the safety and efficacy of specific therapies for this vulnerable patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina L Byanova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ken M. Kunisaki
- Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joshua Vasquez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laurence Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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6
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Cribbs SK, Crothers K, Morris A. Pathogenesis of HIV-Related Lung Disease: Immunity, Infection, and Inflammation. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:603-632. [PMID: 31600121 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)-related pulmonary disease continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality for people living with HIV (PLWH). The spectrum of lung diseases has changed from acute opportunistic infections resulting in death to chronic lung diseases for those with access to ART. Chronic immune activation and suppression can result in impairment of innate immunity and progressive loss of T cell and B cell functionality with aberrant cytokine and chemokine responses systemically as well as in the lung. HIV can be detected in the lungs of PLWH and has profound effects on cellular immune functions. In addition, HIV-related lung injury and disease can occur secondary to a number of mechanisms including altered pulmonary and systemic inflammatory pathways, viral persistence in the lung, oxidative stress with additive effects of smoke exposure, microbial translocation, and alterations in the lung and gut microbiome. Although ART has had profound effects on systemic viral suppression in HIV, the impact of ART on lung immunology still needs to be fully elucidated. Understanding of the mechanisms by which HIV-related lung diseases continue to occur is critical to the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies to improve lung health in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma K Cribbs
- Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristina Crothers
- Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alison Morris
- Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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7
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Xu S, Tsai A, Sze MA, Vucic EA, Shaipanich T, Harris M, Guillemi S, Yang J, Sinha S, Nislow C, Montaner J, Lam W, Lam S, Sin DD, Paul Man SF, Leung JM. Decreased microbiome diversity in the HIV small airway epithelium. Respir Res 2018; 19:140. [PMID: 30053882 PMCID: PMC6062954 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) face an increased burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Repeated pulmonary infections, antibiotic exposures, and immunosuppression may contribute to an altered small airway epithelium (SAE) microbiome. METHODS SAE cells were collected from 28 PLWH and 48 HIV- controls through bronchoscopic cytologic brushings. DNA extracted from SAE cells was subjected to 16S rRNA amplification and sequencing. Comparisons of alpha and beta diversity between HIV+ and HIV- groups were performed and key operational taxonomic units (OTUs) distinguishing the two groups were identified using the Boruta feature selection after Random Forest Analysis. RESULTS PLWH demonstrated significantly reduced Shannon diversity compared with HIV- volunteers (1.82 ± 0.10 vs. 2.20 ± 0.073, p = 0.0024). This was primarily driven by a reduction in bacterial richness (23.29 ± 2.75 for PLWH and 46.04 ± 3.716 for HIV-, p < 0.0001). Phyla distribution was significantly altered among PLWH, with an increase in relative abundance of Proteobacteria (p = 0.0003) and a decrease in Bacteroidetes (p = 0.0068) and Firmicutes (p = 0.0002). Six discriminative OTUs were found to distinguish PLWH from HIV- volunteers, aligning to Veillonellaceae, Fusobacterium, Verrucomicrobiaceae, Prevotella, Veillonella, and Campylobacter. CONCLUSIONS Compared to HIV- controls, PLWH's SAE microbiome is marked by reduced bacterial diversity and richness with significant differences in community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Xu
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Amy Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marc A Sze
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily A Vucic
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tawimas Shaipanich
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marianne Harris
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Silvia Guillemi
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julia Yang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sunita Sinha
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Corey Nislow
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julio Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wan Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S F Paul Man
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Janice M Leung
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Room 166-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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8
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Xu S, Vucic EA, Shaipanich T, Lam S, Lam W, Montaner JS, Sin DD, Paul Man SF, Leung JM. Decreased telomere length in the small airway epithelium suggests accelerated aging in the lungs of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Respir Res 2018; 19:117. [PMID: 29895291 PMCID: PMC5998581 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) independent of cigarette smoke exposure. Previous studies have demonstrated that decreased peripheral leukocyte telomere length is associated with HIV, suggesting an accelerated aging phenomenon. We demonstrate that this process of telomere shortening also occurs in the lungs, with significant decreases in telomere length observed in small airway epithelial cells collected during bronchoscopy. Molecular evidence of accelerated aging in the small airway epithelium of persons living with HIV may be one clue into the predisposition for chronic lung disease observed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Xu
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Tawimas Shaipanich
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Wan Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Julio S Montaner
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S F Paul Man
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Janice M Leung
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. .,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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9
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Ronit A, Kristensen T, Hoseth VS, Abou-Kassem D, Kühl JT, Benfield T, Gerstoft J, Afzal S, Nordestgaard B, Lundgren JD, Vestbo J, Kofoed K, Nielsen SD. Computed tomography quantification of emphysema in people living with HIV and uninfected controls. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.00296-2018. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00296-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) may be more susceptible to the development of emphysema than uninfected individuals. We assessed prevalence and risk factors for emphysema in PLWH and uninfected controls. Spirometry and chest computed tomography scans were obtained in PLWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) study and in uninfected controls from the Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS) who were >40 years. Emphysema was quantified using a low attenuation area < −950 Hounsfield units (%LAA-950) and the 15th percentile density index (PD15) and assessed by semi-quantitative visual scales. Of 742 PLWH, 21.2% and 4.7% had emphysema according to the %LAA-950 threshold with cut-offs at 5% and 10%, respectively. Of 470 uninfected controls, these numbers were 24.3% (p=0.23) and 4.0% (p=0.68). HIV was not associated with emphysema (adjusted OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.68–2.36 for %LAA-950 >10%) by PD15 or by visually assessed emphysema. We found no interaction between HIV and cumulative smoking. Breathlessness and sputum production were more common in PLWH with emphysema, and emphysema seemed to be more prevalent in PLWH with airflow limitation. HIV was therefore not independently associated with emphysema, but the clinical impact of emphysema was greater in PLWH than in uninfected controls.
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Peri AM, Alagna L, Trovati S, Sabbatini F, Rona R, Simonetti FR, Foresti S, Migliorino GM, Gori A, Bandera A. Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Presenting With Bilateral Interstitial Pneumonia: Case Report and Discussion of Potential HIV-Induced Interstitial Pneumonia. Open Forum Infect Dis 2017; 4:ofx256. [PMID: 29308407 PMCID: PMC5751086 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofx256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 50-year-old man was admitted to intensive care unit because of acute respiratory failure due interstitial pneumonia; after admission, a diagnosis of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection was made. Clinical and radiological improvement was observed only after introduction of antiretroviral treatment. We discuss the hypothesis of interstitial pneumonia induced by the acute HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Peri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
- Correspondence: A. M. Peri, MD, Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20052, Monza (MB), Italy ()
| | - Laura Alagna
- Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Serena Trovati
- Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Rona
- Intensive Care Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Foresti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Gori
- Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
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